The effects of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita and the subsequent unwatering of New Orleans, Louisiana, on the sediment chemistry of Lake Pontchartrain were evaluated by chemical analysis of samples of street mud and suspended and bottom sediments. The highest concentrations of urban-related elements and compounds (e.g., Pb, Zn, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and chlordane) in bottom sediments exceeded median concentrations in U.S. urban lakes and sediment-quality guidelines. The extent of the elevated concentrations was limited, however, to within a few hundred meters of the mouth of the 17th Street Canal, similar to results of historical assessments. Chemical and radionuclide analysis of pre- and post-Hurricane Rita samples indicates that remobilization of near-shore sediment by lake currents and storms is an ongoing process. The effects of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita on the sediment chemistry of Lake Pontchartrain are limited spatially and are most likely transitory.
Geologic mapping, K-Ar, and 40Ar/39Ar age determinations, supplemented by paleomagnetic measurements and geochemical data, are used to quantify the Quaternary volcanic history of the Crater Lake region in order to define processes and conditions that led to voluminous explosive eruptions. The Cascade arc volcano known as Mount Mazama collapsed during its climactic eruption of ∼50 km3 of mainly rhyodacitic magma ∼7700 yr ago to form Crater Lake caldera. The Mazama edifice was constructed on a Pleistocene silicic lava field, amidst monogenetic and shield volcanoes ranging from basalt to andesite similar to parental magmas for Mount Mazama. Between 420 ka and 35 ka, Mazama produced medium-K andesite and dacite in 2:1 proportion. The edifice was built in many episodes; some of the more voluminous occurred approximately coeval with volcanic pulses in the surrounding region, and some were possibly related to deglaciation following marine oxygen isotope stages (MIS) 12, 10, 8, 6, 5.2, and 2. Magmas as evolved as dacite erupted many times, commonly associated with or following voluminous andesite effusion. Establishment of the climactic magma chamber was under way when the first preclimactic rhyodacites vented ca. 27 ka. The silicic melt volume then grew incrementally at an average rate of 2.5 km3 k.y.−1 for nearly 20 k.y. The climactic eruption exhausted the rhyodacitic magma and brought up crystal-rich andesitic magma, mafic cumulate mush, and wall-rock granodiorite. Postcaldera volcanism produced 4 km3 of andesite during the first 200–500 yr after collapse, followed at ca. 4800 yr B.P. by 0.07 km3 of rhyodacite. The average eruption rate for all Mazama products was ∼0.4 km3 k.y.−1, but major edifice construction episodes had rates of ∼0.8 km3 k.y.−1. The long-term eruption rate for regional monogenetic and shield volcanoes was d∼0.07 km3 k.y.−1, but only ∼0.02 km3 k.y.−1 when the two major shields are excluded. Plutonic xenoliths and evidence for crystallization differentiation imply that the amount of magma intruded beneath Mount Mazama is several times that which has been erupted. The eruptive and intrusive history reflects competition between (1) crystallization driven by degassing and hydrothermal cooling and (2) thermal input from a regional magma flux focused at Mazama. Before ca. 30 ka, relatively small volumes of nonerupted derivative magma crystallized to form a composite pluton because the upper crust had not been heated sufficiently to sustain voluminous convecting crystal-poor melt. Subsequently, and perhaps not coincidentally, during MIS 2, a large volume of eruptible silicic magma accumulated in the climactic chamber, probably because of heating associated with mantle input to the roots of the system as suggested by eruption of unusually primitive magnesian basaltic andesite and tholeiite west of Mazama.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B25906.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Bacon, C.R., and Lanphere, M.A., 2006, Eruptive history and geochronology of Mount Mazama and the Crater Lake region, Oregon: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 118, no. 11-12, p. 1331-1359, https://doi.org/10.1130/B25906.1.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"1331","endPage":"1359","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236672,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Crater Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.5,\n 43.5\n ],\n [\n -121.5,\n 42.5\n ],\n [\n -122.5,\n 42.5\n ],\n [\n -122.5,\n 43.5\n ],\n [\n -121.5,\n 43.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"118","issue":"11-12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0a55e4b0c8380cd522ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bacon, Charles R. 0000-0002-2165-5618 cbacon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2165-5618","contributorId":2909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bacon","given":"Charles","email":"cbacon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":418687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lanphere, Marvin A. alder@usgs.gov","contributorId":2696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanphere","given":"Marvin","email":"alder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":418688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70028545,"text":"70028545 - 2006 - Examining multiple sublethal contaminants on the gray treefrog (Hyla versicolor): effects of an insecticide, herbicide, and fertilizer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-03T16:02:48","indexId":"70028545","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Examining multiple sublethal contaminants on the gray treefrog (Hyla versicolor): effects of an insecticide, herbicide, and fertilizer","docAbstract":"We examined the single and interactive effects of an insecticide, an herbicide, and a fertilizer on gray treefrog (Hyla versicolor) tadpoles. Tadpoles were reared in mesocosms from hatching through metamorphosis and were exposed to the presence or absence of as many as three contaminants. Tadpoles did not appear to be more susceptible to single versus multiple contaminants, which may result from positive changes in food resources that compensate for the effects of other contaminants. ?? 2006 SETAC.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1897/06-235R.1","issn":"07307268","usgsCitation":"Boone, M., and Bridges-Britton, C.M., 2006, Examining multiple sublethal contaminants on the gray treefrog (Hyla versicolor): effects of an insecticide, herbicide, and fertilizer: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 25, no. 12, p. 3261-3265, https://doi.org/10.1897/06-235R.1.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"3261","endPage":"3265","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236670,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209917,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1897/06-235R.1"}],"volume":"25","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d9ce4b0c8380cd530e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boone, M.D.","contributorId":31157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boone","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bridges-Britton, C. M.","contributorId":14179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bridges-Britton","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70028544,"text":"70028544 - 2006 - Sexing Forster's Terns using morphometric measurements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-02T08:41:53","indexId":"70028544","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sexing Forster's Terns using morphometric measurements","docAbstract":"Forester's Terns (Sterna forsteri), like most seabirds, are monomorphic and are difficult to sex without extensive behavioral observations or genetic sexing. We conducted the first morphological study and discriminant function analysis on Forster's Terns to develop a method to accurately identify their sex in the field. A sample of 84 terns from the San Francisco Bay estuary were captured or collected, measured, and the sex of 40 female and 44 male terns was confirmed by genetic analyses or via necropsy. Male Forster's Terns were larger than females for 7 of 9 morphological measurements, with head-bill length showing the least amount of overlap between the sexes, followed by culmen length and culmen depth at the gonys. Sexual size dimorphism was greatest with retrix R6 length, followed by culmen width, and culmen depth. A discriminant function including only head-bill length accurately sexed 82% of Forster's Terns, whereas a second discriminant function incorporating both head-bill length and culmen depth at the gonys increased sexing accuracy to 87%. When we used a 75% posterior probability or greater of accurately sexing Forster's Terns, we excluded only 18% of the sample that overlapped and accurately sexed 94% of the remaining individuals. Our results indicate that Forster's Terns can be accurately sexed in the field using only 2 morphological measurements.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Waterbirds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695(2006)29[512:SFTUMM]2.0.CO;2","issn":"15244695","usgsCitation":"Bluso, J., Ackerman, J., Takekawa, J.Y., and Yee, J., 2006, Sexing Forster's Terns using morphometric measurements: Waterbirds, v. 29, no. 4, p. 512-517, https://doi.org/10.1675/1524-4695(2006)29[512:SFTUMM]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"512","endPage":"517","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236669,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209916,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1675/1524-4695(2006)29[512:SFTUMM]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"29","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8db4e4b08c986b3184f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bluso, J.D.","contributorId":17033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bluso","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":418541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":418540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yee, J.L.","contributorId":25496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yee","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70028612,"text":"70028612 - 2006 - Impacts of marsh management on coastal-marsh bird habitats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:44","indexId":"70028612","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3489,"text":"Studies in Avian Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of marsh management on coastal-marsh bird habitats","docAbstract":"The effects of habitat-management practices in coastal marshes have been poorly evaluated. We summarize the extant literature concerning whether these manipulations achieve their goals and the effects of these manipulations on target (i.e., waterfowl and waterfowl food plants) and non-target organisms (particularly coastal-marsh endemics). Although we focus on the effects of marsh management on birds, we also summarize the scant literature concerning the impacts of marsh manipulations on wildlife such as small mammals and invertebrates. We address three common forms of anthropogenic marsh disturbance: prescribed fire, structural marsh management, and open-marsh water management. We also address marsh perturbations by native and introduced vertebrates.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Studies in Avian Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"01979922","isbn":"0943610702; 9780943610702","usgsCitation":"Mitchell, L., Gabrey, S., Marra, P., and Erwin, R., 2006, Impacts of marsh management on coastal-marsh bird habitats: Studies in Avian Biology, no. 32, p. 155-175.","startPage":"155","endPage":"175","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236674,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"32","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a38efe4b0c8380cd6173e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Greenberg R.Maldonado J.E.Droege S.McDonald M.V.","contributorId":128314,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Greenberg R.Maldonado J.E.Droege S.McDonald M.V.","id":536643,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Mitchell, L.R.","contributorId":88839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"L.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gabrey, S.","contributorId":101763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gabrey","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marra, P.P.","contributorId":90683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marra","given":"P.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Erwin, R.M.","contributorId":57396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erwin","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70028529,"text":"70028529 - 2006 - Shifting covariability of North American summer monsoon precipitation with antecedent winter precipitation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:59","indexId":"70028529","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2032,"text":"International Journal of Climatology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shifting covariability of North American summer monsoon precipitation with antecedent winter precipitation","docAbstract":"Previous research has suggested that a general inverse relation exists between winter precipitation in the southwestern United states (US) and summer monsoon precipitation. In addition, it has been suggested that this inverse relation between winter precipitation and the magnitude of the southwestern US monsoon breaks down under certain climatic conditions that override the regional winter/monsoon precipitation relations. Results from this new study indicate that the winter/monsoon precipitation relations do not break down, but rather shift location through time. The strength of winter/monsoon precipitation relations, as indexed by 20-year moving correlations between winter precipitation and monsoon precipitation, decreased in Arizona after about 1970, but increased in New Mexico. The changes in these correlations appear to be related to an eastward shift in the location of monsoon precipitation in the southwestern US. This eastward shift in monsoon precipitation and the changes in correlations with winter precipitation also appear to be related to an eastward shift in July/August atmospheric circulation over the southwestern US that resulted in increased monsoon precipitation in New Mexico. Results also indicate that decreases in sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) in the central North Pacific Ocean also may be associated with th changes in correlations between winter and monsoon precipitation. Copyright ?? 2006 Royal Meteorological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Climatology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/joc.1304","issn":"08998418","usgsCitation":"McCabe, G., and Clark, M., 2006, Shifting covariability of North American summer monsoon precipitation with antecedent winter precipitation: International Journal of Climatology, v. 26, no. 8, p. 991-999, https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.1304.","startPage":"991","endPage":"999","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236392,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209707,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.1304"}],"volume":"26","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8e6ee4b08c986b31892f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCabe, G.J. 0000-0002-9258-2997","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9258-2997","contributorId":12961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"G.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, M.P.","contributorId":49558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"M.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70028517,"text":"70028517 - 2006 - Restoration of breeding by snowy plovers following protection from disturbance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:42","indexId":"70028517","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1006,"text":"Biodiversity and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Restoration of breeding by snowy plovers following protection from disturbance","docAbstract":"Promoting recreation and preserving wildlife are often dual missions for land managers, yet recreation may impact wildlife. Because individual disturbances are seemingly inconsequential, it is difficult to convince the public that there is a conservation value to restricting recreation to reduce disturbance. We studied threatened western snowy plovers (Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus) at a public beach (Sands Beach, Coal Oil Point Reserve) in Santa Barbara, California (USA) before and during a period when a barrier directed foot traffic away from a section of upper beach where snowy plovers roost. The barrier reduced disturbance rates by more than half. Snowy plovers increased in abundance (throughout the season) and their distribution contracted to within the protected area. Snowy plovers that were outside the protected area in the morning moved inside as people began using the beach. Experiments with quail eggs indicated an 8% daily risk of nest trampling outside the protected area. Before protection, plovers did not breed at Coal Oil Point. During protection, snowy plovers bred in increasing numbers each year and had high success at fledging young. These results demonstrate how recreational disturbance can degrade habitat for shorebirds and that protecting quality habitat may have large benefits for wildlife and small impacts to recreation. ?? Springer 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biodiversity and Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10531-004-7180-5","issn":"09603115","usgsCitation":"Lafferty, K.D., Goodman, D., and Sandoval, C., 2006, Restoration of breeding by snowy plovers following protection from disturbance: Biodiversity and Conservation, v. 15, no. 7, p. 2217-2230, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-004-7180-5.","startPage":"2217","endPage":"2230","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209969,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-004-7180-5"},{"id":236740,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaac7e4b0c8380cd86515","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lafferty, K. D.","contributorId":58213,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lafferty","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goodman, D.","contributorId":92478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goodman","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sandoval, C.P.","contributorId":83863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandoval","given":"C.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70028430,"text":"70028430 - 2006 - Responses of neotropical mangrove seedlings grown in monoculture and mixed culture under treatments of hydroperiod and salinity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:45","indexId":"70028430","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Responses of neotropical mangrove seedlings grown in monoculture and mixed culture under treatments of hydroperiod and salinity","docAbstract":"We investigated the combined effects of salinity and hydroperiod on seedlings of Rhizophora mangle and Laguncularia racemosa grown under experimental conditions of monoculture and mixed culture by using a simulated tidal system. The objective was to test hypotheses relative to species interactions to either tidal or permanent flooding at salinities of 10 or 40 g/l. Four-month-old seedlings were experimentally manipulated under these environmental conditions in two types of species interactions: (1) seedlings of the same species were grown separately in containers from September 2000 to August 2001 to evaluate intraspecific response and (2) seedlings of each species were mixed in containers to evaluate interspecific, competitive responses from August 2002 to April 2003. Overall, L. racemosa was strongly sensitive to treatment combinations while R. mangle showed little effect. Most plant responses of L. racemosa were affected by both salinity and hydroperiod, with hydroperiod inducing more effects than salinity. Compared to R. mangle, L. racemosa in all treatment combinations had higher relative growth rate, leaf area ratio, specific leaf area, stem elongation, total length of branches, net primary production, and stem height. Rhizophora mangle had higher biomass allocation to roots. Species growth differentiation was more pronounced at low salinity, with few species differences at high salinity under permanent flooding. These results suggest that under low to mild stress by hydroperiod and salinity, L. racemosa exhibits responses that favor its competitive dominance over R. mangle. This advantage, however, is strongly reduced as stress from salinity and hydroperiod increase. ?? Springer 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrobiologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10750-006-0140-1","issn":"00188158","usgsCitation":"Cardona-Olarte, P., Twilley, R., Krauss, K., and Rivera-Monroy, V., 2006, Responses of neotropical mangrove seedlings grown in monoculture and mixed culture under treatments of hydroperiod and salinity: Hydrobiologia, v. 569, no. 1, p. 325-341, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-006-0140-1.","startPage":"325","endPage":"341","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210191,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-006-0140-1"},{"id":237037,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"569","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaaa4e4b0c8380cd86449","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cardona-Olarte, P.","contributorId":45502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cardona-Olarte","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Twilley, R.R.","contributorId":94647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twilley","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krauss, K. W. 0000-0003-2195-0729","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":19517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"K. W.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":418023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rivera-Monroy, V.","contributorId":73398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rivera-Monroy","given":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70028626,"text":"70028626 - 2006 - Evaluating minerals of environmental concern using spectroscopy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:56","indexId":"70028626","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Evaluating minerals of environmental concern using spectroscopy","docAbstract":"Imaging spectroscopy has been successfully used to aid researchers in characterizing potential environmental impacts posed by acid-rock drainage, ore-processing dust on mangroves, and asbestos in serpentine mineral deposits and urban dust. Many of these applications synergistically combine field spectroscopy with remote sensing data, thus allowing more-precise data calibration, spectral analysis of the data, and verification of mapping. The increased accuracy makes these environmental evaluation tools efficient because they can be used to focus field work on those areas most critical to the research effort. The use of spectroscopy to evaluate minerals of environmental concern pushes current imaging spectrometer technology to its limits; we present laboratory results that indicate the direction for future designs of imaging spectrometers.","largerWorkTitle":"International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)","conferenceTitle":"2006 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS","conferenceDate":"31 July 2006 through 4 August 2006","conferenceLocation":"Denver, CO","language":"English","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2006.515","isbn":"0780395107; 9780780395107","usgsCitation":"Swayze, G., Clark, R.N., Higgins, C., Kokaly, R., Livo, K., Hoefen, T., Ong, C., and Kruse, F., 2006, Evaluating minerals of environmental concern using spectroscopy, in International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), Denver, CO, 31 July 2006 through 4 August 2006, p. 1990-1991, https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2006.515.","startPage":"1990","endPage":"1991","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209631,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2006.515"},{"id":236292,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0be9e4b0c8380cd52936","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swayze, G.A. 0000-0002-1814-7823","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1814-7823","contributorId":21570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swayze","given":"G.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, R. N.","contributorId":6568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Higgins, C.T.","contributorId":42814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higgins","given":"C.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kokaly, R.F. 0000-0003-0276-7101","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0276-7101","contributorId":42381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kokaly","given":"R.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Livo, K. Eric 0000-0001-7331-8130","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7331-8130","contributorId":27327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Livo","given":"K. Eric","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hoefen, T.M. 0000-0002-3083-5987","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3083-5987","contributorId":18143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoefen","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ong, C.","contributorId":96071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ong","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kruse, F.A.","contributorId":30676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kruse","given":"F.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70028574,"text":"70028574 - 2006 - Effect of thermal maturation on the K-Ar, Rb-Sr and REE systematics of an organic-rich New Albany Shale as determined by hydrous pyrolysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:43","indexId":"70028574","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of thermal maturation on the K-Ar, Rb-Sr and REE systematics of an organic-rich New Albany Shale as determined by hydrous pyrolysis","docAbstract":"Hydrous-pyrolysis experiments were conducted on an organic-rich Devonian-Mississippian shale, which was also leached by dilute HCl before and after pyrolysis, to identify and quantify the induced chemical and isotopic changes in the rock. The experiments significantly affect the organic-mineral organization, which plays an important role in natural interactions during diagenetic hydrocarbon maturation in source rocks. They produce 10.5% of volatiles and the amount of HCl leachables almost doubles from about 6% to 11%. The Rb-Sr and K-Ar data are significantly modified, but not just by removal of radiogenic 40Ar and 87Sr, as described in many studies of natural samples at similar thermal and hydrous conditions. The determining reactions relate to alteration of the organic matter marked by a significant change in the heavy REEs in the HCl leachate after pyrolysis, underlining the potential effects of acidic fluids in natural environments. Pyrolysis induces also release from organics of some Sr with a very low 87Sr/86Sr ratio, as well as part of U. Both seem to have been volatilised during the experiment, whereas other metals such as Pb, Th and part of U appear to have been transferred from soluble phases into stable (silicate?) components. Increase of the K2O and radiogenic 40Ar contents of the silicate minerals after pyrolysis is explained by removal of other elements that could only be volatilised, as the system remains strictly closed during the experiment. The observed increase in radiogenic 40Ar implies that it was not preferentially released as a volatile gas phase when escaping the altered mineral phases. It had to be re-incorporated into newly-formed soluble phases, which is opposite to the general knowledge about the behavior of Ar in supergene natural environments. Because of the strictly closed-system conditions, hydrous-pyrolysis experiments allow to better identify and even quantify the geochemical aspects of organic-inorganic interactions, such as elemental exchanges, transfers and volatilisation, in potential source-rock shales during natural diagenetic hydrocarbon maturation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2006.04.008","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Clauer, N., Chaudhuri, S., Lewan, M.D., and Toulkeridis, T., 2006, Effect of thermal maturation on the K-Ar, Rb-Sr and REE systematics of an organic-rich New Albany Shale as determined by hydrous pyrolysis: Chemical Geology, v. 234, no. 1-2, p. 169-177, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2006.04.008.","startPage":"169","endPage":"177","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209893,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2006.04.008"},{"id":236636,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"234","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0625e4b0c8380cd51102","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clauer, Norbert","contributorId":79664,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clauer","given":"Norbert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chaudhuri, Sambhudas","contributorId":21708,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chaudhuri","given":"Sambhudas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lewan, M. D.","contributorId":46540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewan","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Toulkeridis, T.","contributorId":76117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toulkeridis","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70028613,"text":"70028613 - 2006 - Occurrence of organic wastewater compounds in effluent-dominated streams in Northeastern Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:44","indexId":"70028613","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occurrence of organic wastewater compounds in effluent-dominated streams in Northeastern Kansas","docAbstract":"Fifty-nine stream-water samples and 14 municipal wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) discharge samples in Johnson County, northeastern Kansas, were analyzed for 55 compounds collectively described as organic wastewater compounds (OWCs). Stream-water samples were collected upstream, in, and downstream from WWTF discharges in urban and rural areas during base-flow conditions. The effect of secondary treatment processes on OWC occurrence was evaluated by collecting eight samples from WWTF discharges using activated sludge and six from WWTFs samples using trickling filter treatment processes. Samples collected directly from WWTF discharges contained the largest concentrations of most OWCs in this study. Samples from trickling filter discharges had significantly larger concentrations of many OWCs (p-value < 0.05) compared to samples collected from activated sludge discharges. OWC concentrations decreased significantly in samples from WWTF discharges compared to stream-water samples collected from sites greater than 2000??m downstream. Upstream from WWTF discharges, base-flow samples collected in streams draining predominantly urban watersheds had significantly larger concentrations of cumulative OWCs (p-value = 0.03), caffeine (p-value = 0.01), and tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (p-value < 0.01) than those collected downstream from more rural watersheds.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science of the Total Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.07.023","issn":"00489697","usgsCitation":"Lee, C., and Rasmussen, T., 2006, Occurrence of organic wastewater compounds in effluent-dominated streams in Northeastern Kansas: Science of the Total Environment, v. 371, no. 1-3, p. 258-269, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.07.023.","startPage":"258","endPage":"269","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209921,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.07.023"},{"id":236675,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"371","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6bffe4b0c8380cd749ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, C.J.","contributorId":37221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rasmussen, T. J. 0000-0002-7023-3868","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7023-3868","contributorId":10464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"T. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70028471,"text":"70028471 - 2006 - Determining anisotropic transmissivity using a simplified Papadopulos method","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:45","indexId":"70028471","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determining anisotropic transmissivity using a simplified Papadopulos method","docAbstract":"The straight-line method presented by Papadopulos requires a minimum of three observation wells for determining the transmissivity tensor of a homogeneous and anisotropic aquifer. A simplification of this method was developed for fractured aquifers where the principal directions of the transmissivity tensor are known prior to implementation, such as when fracture patterns on outcropping portions of the aquifer may be used to infer the principal directions. This new method assumes that observation wells are drilled along the two principal directions from the pumped well, thus reducing the required number of observation wells to two. This method was applied for an aquifer test in the fractured Navajo Sandstone of southwestern Utah and yielded minimum and maximum principal transmissivity values of 70 and 1800 m 2/d, respectively, indicating an anisotropy ratio of ???24 to 1.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00210.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Heilweil, V., and Hsieh, P.A., 2006, Determining anisotropic transmissivity using a simplified Papadopulos method: Ground Water, v. 44, no. 5, p. 749-753, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00210.x.","startPage":"749","endPage":"753","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477540,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00210.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":210220,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00210.x"},{"id":237073,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ffebe4b0c8380cd4f490","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heilweil, V.M.","contributorId":25197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heilweil","given":"V.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hsieh, P. A.","contributorId":40596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hsieh","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70028426,"text":"70028426 - 2006 - Geology, geochronology, and geochemistry of basaltic flows of the Cat Hills, Cat Mesa, Wind Mesa, Cerro Verde, and Mesita Negra, central New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:45","indexId":"70028426","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1168,"text":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology, geochronology, and geochemistry of basaltic flows of the Cat Hills, Cat Mesa, Wind Mesa, Cerro Verde, and Mesita Negra, central New Mexico","docAbstract":"The geochronology, geochemistry, and isotopic compositions of basaltic flows erupted from the Cat Hills, Cat Mesa, Wind Mesa, Cerro Verde, and Mesita Negra volcanic centres in central New Mexico indicate that each of these lavas had unique origins and that the predominant mantle involved in their production was an ocean-island basalt type. The basalts from Cat Hills (0.11 Ma) and Cat Mesa (3.0 Ma) are similar in major and trace element composition, but differences in MgO contents and Pb isotopic values are attributed to a small involvement of a lower crustal component in the genesis of the Cat Mesa rocks. The Cerro Verde rock is comparable in age (0.32 Ma) to the Cat Hills lavas, but it is more radiogenic in Sr and Nd, has higher MgO contents, and has a lower La/Yb ratio. This composition is explained by the melting of an enriched mantle source, but the involvement of another crustal component cannot be disregarded. The Wind Mesa rock is characterized by similar age (4.01 Ma) and MgO contents, but it has enriched rare-earth element contents compared with the Cat Mesa samples. These are attributed to a difference in the degree of partial melting of the Cat Mesa source. The Mesita Negra rock (8.11 Ma) has distinctive geochemical and isotopic compositions that suggest a different enriched mantle and that large amounts of a crustal component were involved in generating this magma. These data imply a temporal shift in magma source regions and crustal involvement, and have been previously proposed for Rio Grande rift lavas. ?? 2006 NRC Canada.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/E06-018","issn":"00084077","usgsCitation":"Maldonado, F., Budahn, J., Peters, L., and Unruh, D., 2006, Geology, geochronology, and geochemistry of basaltic flows of the Cat Hills, Cat Mesa, Wind Mesa, Cerro Verde, and Mesita Negra, central New Mexico: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 43, no. 9, p. 1251-1268, https://doi.org/10.1139/E06-018.","startPage":"1251","endPage":"1268","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210137,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/E06-018"},{"id":236967,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a273be4b0c8380cd596d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maldonado, F.","contributorId":90609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maldonado","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Budahn, J. R. 0000-0001-9794-8882","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9794-8882","contributorId":83914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budahn","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peters, L.","contributorId":49971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Unruh, D.M.","contributorId":8498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Unruh","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70028560,"text":"70028560 - 2006 - Health benefits of geologic materials and geologic processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-15T14:11:52.273309","indexId":"70028560","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2041,"text":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Health benefits of geologic materials and geologic processes","docAbstract":"The reemerging field of Medical Geology is concerned with the impacts of geologic materials and geologic processes on animal and human health. Most medical geology research has been focused on health problems caused by excess or deficiency of trace elements, exposure to ambient dust, and on other geologically related health problems or health problems for which geoscience tools, techniques, or databases could be applied. Little, if any, attention has been focused on the beneficial health effects of rocks, minerals, and geologic processes. These beneficial effects may have been recognized as long as two million years ago and include emotional, mental, and physical health benefits. Some of the earliest known medicines were derived from rocks and minerals. For thousands of years various clays have been used as an antidote for poisons. “Terra sigillata,” still in use today, may have been the first patented medicine. Many trace elements, rocks, and minerals are used today in a wide variety of pharmaceuticals and health care products. There is also a segment of society that believes in the curative and preventative properties of crystals (talismans and amulets). Metals and trace elements are being used in some of today’s most sophisticated medical applications. Other recent examples of beneficial effects of geologic materials and processes include epidemiological studies in Japan that have identified a wide range of health problems (such as muscle and joint pain, hemorrhoids, burns, gout, etc.) that may be treated by one or more of nine chemically distinct types of hot springs, and a study in China indicating that residential coal combustion may be mobilizing sufficient iodine to prevent iodine deficiency disease.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/ijerph2006030042","issn":"16604601","usgsCitation":"Finkelman, R.B., 2006, Health benefits of geologic materials and geologic processes: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, v. 3, no. 4, p. 338-342, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph2006030042.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"338","endPage":"342","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":486906,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph2006030042","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":385653,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-12-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2fd7e4b0c8380cd5d129","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finkelman, R. B.","contributorId":20341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finkelman","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70028428,"text":"70028428 - 2006 - Weak simulated extratropical responses to complete tropical deforestation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:45","indexId":"70028428","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2216,"text":"Journal of Climate","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Weak simulated extratropical responses to complete tropical deforestation","docAbstract":"The Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory atmosphere-land model version 2 (AM2/LM2) coupled to a 50-m-thick slab ocean model has been used to investigate remote responses to tropical deforestation. Magnitudes and significance of differences between a control run and a deforested run are assessed through comparisons of 50-yr time series, accounting for autocorrelation and field significance. Complete conversion of the broadleaf evergreen forests of South America, central Africa, and the islands of Oceania to grasslands leads to highly significant local responses. In addition, a broad but mild warming is seen throughout the tropical troposphere (<0.2??C between 700 and 150 mb), significant in northern spring and summer. However, the simulation results show very little statistically significant response beyond the Tropics. There are no significant differences in any hydroclimatic variables (e.g., precipitation, soil moisture, evaporation) in either the northern or the southern extratropics. Small but statistically significant local differences in some geopotential height and wind fields are present in the southeastern Pacific Ocean. Use of the same statistical tests on two 50-yr segments of the control run show that the small but significant extratropical differences between the deforested run and the control run are similar in magnitude and area to the differences between nonoverlapping segments of the control run. These simulations suggest that extratropical responses to complete tropical deforestation are unlikely to be distinguishable from natural climate variability.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Climate","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1175/JCLI3737.1","issn":"08948755","usgsCitation":"Findell, K., Knutson, T., and Milly, P., 2006, Weak simulated extratropical responses to complete tropical deforestation: Journal of Climate, v. 19, no. 12, p. 2835-2850, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI3737.1.","startPage":"2835","endPage":"2850","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477378,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/jcli3737.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":210163,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI3737.1"},{"id":237000,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-06-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcfade4b08c986b32ea35","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Findell, K.L.","contributorId":20137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Findell","given":"K.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knutson, T.R.","contributorId":106680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knutson","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Milly, P. C. D.","contributorId":100489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milly","given":"P. C. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70028610,"text":"70028610 - 2006 - Development of the performance confirmation program at YUCCA mountain, nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:44","indexId":"70028610","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Development of the performance confirmation program at YUCCA mountain, nevada","docAbstract":"The Yucca Mountain Performance Confirmation program consists of tests, monitoring activities, experiments, and analyses to evaluate the adequacy of assumptions, data, and analyses that form the basis of the conceptual and numerical models of flow and transport associated with a proposed radioactive waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The Performance Confirmation program uses an eight-stage risk-informed, performance-based approach. Selection of the Performance Confirmation activities for inclusion in the Performance Confirmation program was done using a risk-informed performance-based decision analysis. The result of this analysis was a Performance Confirmation base portfolio that consists of 20 activities. The 20 Performance Confirmation activities include geologic, hydrologie, and construction/engineering testing. Some of the activities began during site characterization, and others will begin during construction, or post emplacement, and continue until repository closure.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 11th International High Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference, IHLRWM","conferenceTitle":"11th International High Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference","conferenceDate":"30 April 2006 through 4 May 2006","conferenceLocation":"Las Vegas, NV","language":"English","isbn":"0894486918; 9780894486913","usgsCitation":"LeCain, G., Barr, D., Weaver, D., Snell, R., Goodin, S., and Hansen, F., 2006, Development of the performance confirmation program at YUCCA mountain, nevada, in Proceedings of the 11th International High Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference, IHLRWM, v. 2006, Las Vegas, NV, 30 April 2006 through 4 May 2006, p. 1058-1065.","startPage":"1058","endPage":"1065","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236638,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2006","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a007ce4b0c8380cd4f773","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"LeCain, G.D.","contributorId":22810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeCain","given":"G.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barr, D.","contributorId":100177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barr","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weaver, D.","contributorId":71750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weaver","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Snell, R.","contributorId":106690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snell","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Goodin, S.W.","contributorId":100597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goodin","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hansen, F.D.","contributorId":6241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"F.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70028577,"text":"70028577 - 2006 - Environmental and geochemical record of human-induced changes in C storage during the last millennium in a temperate wetland (Las Tablas de Daimiel National Park, central Spain)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:43","indexId":"70028577","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Environmental and geochemical record of human-induced changes in C storage during the last millennium in a temperate wetland (Las Tablas de Daimiel National Park, central Spain)","docAbstract":"Las Tablas de Daimiel National Park has experienced many hydrological and ecological modifications through out its history, both of natural as well as anthropogenic origin, which have affected its carbon storage capacity and carbon fluxes. The study of those variations has been carried out by the analysis of its sedimentary record (geochemistry and pollen) and historical data. The natural changes have a wider variation range than the anthropogenic ones, show repetitive patterns and the system reacts readjusting the equilibrium among its components. Anthropogenic effects depend on the direct or indirect impact on the wetlands of change and its intensity. In addition, the anthropogenic impacts have the capacity of breaking the natural balance of the ecosystem and the internal interactions. ?? 2006 The Authors Journal compilation ?? 2006 Blackwell Munksgaard.","largerWorkTitle":"Tellus, Series B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology","language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0889.2006.00211.x","issn":"02806509","usgsCitation":"Dominguez-Castro, F., Santisteban, J., Mediavilla, R., Dean, W., Lopez-Pamo, E., Gil-Garcia, M., and Ruiz-Zapata, M., 2006, Environmental and geochemical record of human-induced changes in C storage during the last millennium in a temperate wetland (Las Tablas de Daimiel National Park, central Spain), in Tellus, Series B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, v. 58, no. 5, p. 573-585, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2006.00211.x.","startPage":"573","endPage":"585","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477515,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2006.00211.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":209920,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2006.00211.x"},{"id":236673,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"58","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a099ce4b0c8380cd51fb8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dominguez-Castro, F.","contributorId":82996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dominguez-Castro","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Santisteban, J.I.","contributorId":56118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Santisteban","given":"J.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mediavilla, R.","contributorId":43240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mediavilla","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dean, W.E.","contributorId":97099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lopez-Pamo, E.","contributorId":107580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopez-Pamo","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gil-Garcia, M. J.","contributorId":92556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gil-Garcia","given":"M. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ruiz-Zapata, M. B.","contributorId":30882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruiz-Zapata","given":"M. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70028498,"text":"70028498 - 2006 - Step wise, multiple objective calibration of a hydrologic model for a snowmelt dominated basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:41","indexId":"70028498","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Step wise, multiple objective calibration of a hydrologic model for a snowmelt dominated basin","docAbstract":"The ability to apply a hydrologic model to large numbers of basins for forecasting purposes requires a quick and effective calibration strategy. This paper presents a step wise, multiple objective, automated procedure for hydrologic model calibration. This procedure includes the sequential calibration of a model's simulation of solar radiation (SR), potential evapotranspiration (PET), water balance, and daily runoff. The procedure uses the Shuffled Complex Evolution global search algorithm to calibrate the U.S. Geological Survey's Precipitation Runoff Modeling System in the Yampa River basin of Colorado. This process assures that intermediate states of the model (SR and PET on a monthly mean basis), as well as the water balance and components of the daily hydrograph are simulated, consistently with measured values.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2006.tb04501.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Hay, L., Leavesley, G., Clark, M., Markstrom, S., Viger, R., and Umemoto, M., 2006, Step wise, multiple objective calibration of a hydrologic model for a snowmelt dominated basin: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 42, no. 4, p. 877-890, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2006.tb04501.x.","startPage":"877","endPage":"890","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477377,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2006.tb04501.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":210141,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2006.tb04501.x"},{"id":236971,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b982de4b08c986b31be98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hay, L.E.","contributorId":54253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hay","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leavesley, G.H.","contributorId":93895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leavesley","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clark, M.P.","contributorId":49558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"M.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Markstrom, S.L.","contributorId":76807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markstrom","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Viger, Roland J. 0000-0003-2520-714X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2520-714X","contributorId":80711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Viger","given":"Roland J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Umemoto, M.","contributorId":88549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Umemoto","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70028431,"text":"70028431 - 2006 - Seismic response and damage detection analyses of an instrumented steel moment-framed building","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:45","indexId":"70028431","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2467,"text":"Journal of Structural Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic response and damage detection analyses of an instrumented steel moment-framed building","docAbstract":"The seismic performance of steel moment-framed buildings has been of particular interest since brittle fractures were discovered at the beam-column connections in a number of buildings following the M 6.7 Northridge earthquake of January 17, 1994. A case study of the seismic behavior of an extensively instrumented 13-story steel moment frame building located in the greater Los Angeles area of California is described herein. Response studies using frequency domain, joint time-frequency, system identification, and simple damage detection analyses are performed using an extensive strong motion dataset dating from 1971 to the present, supported by engineering drawings and results of postearthquake inspections. These studies show that the building's response is more complex than would be expected from its highly symmetrical geometry. The response is characterized by low damping in the fundamental mode, larger accelerations in the middle and lower stories than at the roof and base, extended periods of vibration after the cessation of strong input shaking, beating in the response, elliptical particle motion, and significant torsion during strong shaking at the top of the concrete piers which extend from the basement to the second floor. The analyses conducted indicate that the response of the structure was elastic in all recorded earthquakes to date, including Northridge. Also, several simple damage detection methods employed did not indicate any structural damage or connection fractures. The combination of a large, real structure and low instrumentation density precluded the application of many recently proposed advanced damage detection methods in this case study. Overall, however, the findings of this study are consistent with the limited code-compliant postearthquake intrusive inspections conducted after the Northridge earthquake, which found no connection fractures or other structural damage. ?? ASCE.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Structural Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2006)132:10(1543)","issn":"07339445","usgsCitation":"Rodgers, J., and Çelebi, M., 2006, Seismic response and damage detection analyses of an instrumented steel moment-framed building: Journal of Structural Engineering, v. 132, no. 10, p. 1543-1552, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2006)132:10(1543).","startPage":"1543","endPage":"1552","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210217,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2006)132:10(1543)"},{"id":237070,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"132","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8b57e4b08c986b317772","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rodgers, J.E.","contributorId":99069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodgers","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Çelebi, M.","contributorId":36946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Çelebi","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70028539,"text":"70028539 - 2006 - In vitro interactions between Neoparamoeba spp. and salmonid leucocytes; The effect of parasite sonicate on anterior kidney leucocyte function","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:58","indexId":"70028539","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2285,"text":"Journal of Fish Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"In vitro interactions between Neoparamoeba spp. and salmonid leucocytes; The effect of parasite sonicate on anterior kidney leucocyte function","docAbstract":"Sonicated Neoparamoeba spp. (Nspp) did not affect the in vitro respiratory burst response of leucocytes isolated from Atlantic salmon Salmo salar, rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha anterior kidneys (P > 0.05). Atlantic salmon and chinook salmon leucocytes pre-incubated with the parasites, however, responded to phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) stimulation with a greater response compared to cells incubated with PMA on its own (P < 0.05). Sonicated Nspp was not chemo-attractive for anterior kidney leucocytes isolated from all three fish species. ?? 2006 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Fish Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1095-8649.2006.01188.x","issn":"00221112","usgsCitation":"Gross, K., Alcorn, S., Murray, A., Morrison, R., and Nowak, B., 2006, In vitro interactions between Neoparamoeba spp. and salmonid leucocytes; The effect of parasite sonicate on anterior kidney leucocyte function: Journal of Fish Biology, v. 69, no. SUPPL. B, p. 293-300, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2006.01188.x.","startPage":"293","endPage":"300","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209809,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2006.01188.x"},{"id":236532,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","issue":"SUPPL. 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