{"pageNumber":"250","pageRowStart":"6225","pageSize":"25","recordCount":10957,"records":[{"id":32998,"text":"wri024023 - 2002 - Ground-water resources of the uppermost confined aquifers, southern Wadena County and parts of Ottertail, Todd, and Cass Counties, central Minnesota, 1997–2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-12T22:22:31.098263","indexId":"wri024023","displayToPublicDate":"2002-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4023","title":"Ground-water resources of the uppermost confined aquifers, southern Wadena County and parts of Ottertail, Todd, and Cass Counties, central Minnesota, 1997–2000","docAbstract":"<p>Water managers are concerned about the increase of ground-water withdrawals from high-capacity wells completed in the uppermost confined aquifers in southern Wadena County. The hydrogeologic units of primary interest in the study area are the surficial aquifer, the uppermost confining units, and the uppermost confined aquifers. The surficial aquifer underlies all but portions of the eastern, western, and south-central parts of the study area, and is as much as 70 ft thick. The thickness of the uppermost confined aquifers ranges from 0 to 72 ft. The thickness of the aquifers is greatest in the south-central and west-central parts of the study area, where thicknesses exceed 50 ft. Depth to the top of the uppermost confined aquifers ranges from 23 to 132 ft. The thickness of the uppermost confining units ranges from 4 to 132 ft.</p>\n<p>The regional direction of flow in the uppermost confined aquifers is to the east, southeast, and southwest toward the Crow Wing River in the eastern part of the study area and toward the Leaf River in the western part. Sources of water to the uppermost confined aquifers are leakage of water through overlying till and clay and ground-water flow from adjoining aquifers outside the study area. Discharge from the uppermost confined aquifers is by withdrawal from wells and to the surficial aquifer in river valleys. The theoretical maximum well yields for the uppermost confined aquifers range from less that 175 gal/min to greater than 2,000 gal/min and are greatest in areas of greatest aquifer thickness and transmissivity.</p>\n<p>The water budget for the calibrated steady-state simulation indicated that areal recharge to the surficial aquifer is 86.9 percent of the water to the aquifers, with leakage to the uppermost confined aquifers contributing 6.9 percent. The largest discharges from the aquifers are leakage to streams (54.5 percent) and ground-water evapotranspiration (41.4 percent). The simulated transient water budget for 1999 indicated that the principal sources of water to the aquifers were areal recharge to the surficial aquifer and release from storage. The principal discharges were stream-aquifer leakage, addition to storage, and ground-water evapotranspiration.</p>\n<p>Results of the steady-state simulation with anticipated increases in ground-water withdrawals indicated maximum drawdowns of 0.3 ft in the surficial aquifer and 0.9 ft in the uppermost confined aquifers due to the anticipated increases in ground-water withdrawals. Model results indicate that the anticipated increases in withdrawals during a drought may lower water levels 2 to 4 ft regionally in much of both the surficial and uppermost confined aquifers. Water-level declines in the surficial aquifer of about 6 ft may occur in Wadena and in the central part of the aquifer south of the Leaf River. Results of the transient simulation indicate that the anticipated increases in withdrawals during a drought would increase seasonal declines in the surficial and uppermost confined aquifers less than 1 and 2 ft, respectively.</p>\n<p>Model results indicate that greater than anticipated increases in withdrawals during periods of normal precipitation will have minimal effects on ground-water levels and streamflow in the area. In the uppermost confined aquifers, for example, water levels may decline an average of 0.13 ft regionally, with maximum declines of 0.8 to 2.1 ft near Wadena and Verndale. Greater than anticipated increases in withdrawals would cause decreases in ground-water discharge to streams of about 1.4 percent (2.5 ft<sup>3</sup> /s) of 1998-99 steady-state conditions.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Mounds View, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri024023","usgsCitation":"Lindgren, R.J., 2002, Ground-water resources of the uppermost confined aquifers, southern Wadena County and parts of Ottertail, Todd, and Cass Counties, central Minnesota, 1997–2000: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4023, vi, 50 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024023.","productDescription":"vi, 50 p.","numberOfPages":"57","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science 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,{"id":38168,"text":"fs00702 - 2002 - East Meets West: An Earthquake in India Helps Hazard Assessment in the Central United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-23T14:35:21","indexId":"fs00702","displayToPublicDate":"2002-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"007-02","title":"East Meets West: An Earthquake in India Helps Hazard Assessment in the Central United States","docAbstract":"<p>Although geographically distant, the State of Gujarat in India bears many geological similarities to the Mississippi Valley in the Central United States. The Mississippi Valley contains the New Madrid seismic zone that, during the winter of 1811-1812, produced the three largest historical earthquakes ever in the continental United States and remains the most seismically active region east of the Rocky Mountains. Large damaging earthquakes are rare in ‘intraplate’ settings like New Madrid and Gujarat, far from the boundaries of the world’s great tectonic plates. Long-lasting evidence left by these earthquakes is subtle (fig. 1). Thus, each intraplate earthquake provides unique opportunities to make huge advances in our ability to assess and understand the hazards posed by such events. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs00702","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2002, East Meets West: An Earthquake in India Helps Hazard Assessment in the Central United States (Version 1.0 ): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 007-02, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs00702.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":3465,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs-0007-02/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":119570,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_007_02.jpg"}],"edition":"Version 1.0 ","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a50e4b07f02db628a57","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":58055,"text":"wri024008 - 2002 - An integrated surface-geophysical investigation of the University of Connecticut landfill, Storrs, Connecticut: 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-27T19:55:55.074457","indexId":"wri024008","displayToPublicDate":"2002-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4008","title":"An integrated surface-geophysical investigation of the University of Connecticut landfill, Storrs, Connecticut: 2000","docAbstract":"<p class=\"basictext\">A surface-geophysical investigation to characterize the hydrogeology and contaminant distribution of the former landfill area at the University of Connecticut in Storrs, Connecticut, was conducted in 2000 to supplement the preliminary hydrogeologic assessment of the contamination of soil, surface water, and ground water at the site. A geophysical-toolbox approach was used to characterize the hydrogeology and contaminant distribution of the former landfill. Two-dimensional direct-current resistivity, inductive terrain-conductivity, and seismic-refraction surface-geophysical data were collected and interpreted in an iterative manner with exploratory drilling, borehole geophysics, and hydraulic testing. In this investigation, a geophysical-toolbox approach was used to 1) further define previously identified conductive anomalies and leachate plumes; 2) identify additional leachate plumes, possible fracture zones, and (or) conductive lithologic layers in the bedrock; and 3) delineate bedrock-surface topography in the drainage valleys north and south of the landfill.</p><p class=\"basictext\">Resistivity and terrain-conductivity surveys were used to further delineate previously identified geophysical anomalies to the north and southwest of the landfill. A conductive anomaly identified in the terrain-conductivity survey to the north of the landfill in 2000 had a similar location and magnitude as an anomaly identified in terrain-conductivity surveys conducted in 1998 and 1999. Collectively, these surveys indicated that the magnitude of the conductive anomaly decreased with depth and with distance from the landfill. These anomalies indicated landfill leachate in the overburden and shallow bedrock.</p><p class=\"basictext\">Results of previous surface-geophysical investigations southwest of the landfill indicated a shallow conductive anomaly in the overburden that extended into the fractured-bedrock aquifer. This conductive anomaly had a sheet-like geometry that had a north-south strike, dipped to the west, and terminated abruptly about 450 feet southwest of the landfill. The sheet-like conductive anomaly was interpreted as a fractured, conductive lithologic feature filled with conductive fluids. To further delineate this anomaly, two two-dimensional resistivity profiles were collected west of the sheet-like conductive anomaly to assess the possibility that the sheet-like conductive anomaly continued to the west in its down-dip direction. Each of the north-south oriented resistivity profiles showed bullet-shaped rather than linear-shaped anomalies, with a relatively smaller magnitude of conductivity than the sheet-like conductive anomaly to the east. If these bullet-like features are spatially connected, they may represent a linear, or pipe-like, conductive anomaly in the bedrock with a trend of N290°E and a plunge of 12°.</p><p class=\"basictext\">Additional surveys were conducted to assess the apparent southern termination of the sheet-like conductive feature. Terrain-conductivity surveys indicated the sheet-like feature was not continuous to the south. A two-dimensional resistivity line and a coincident terrain-conductivity profile indicated the presence of a steep, eastward dipping, low magnitude, electrically conductive anomaly on the eastern end of the profile. Although the sheet-like conductive anomaly apparently did not continue to the south, the survey conducted in 2000 identified an isolated, weak conductive anomaly south of the previously identified anomaly.</p><p class=\"basictext\">Inductive terrain-conductivity surveys performed north of the sheet-like conductive anomaly and west of the landfill indicated the anomaly did not extend to the north into the area of the former chemical-waste disposal pits. No conductive plumes or conductive features were observed in the subsurface bedrock west of the landfill.</p><p class=\"basictext\">A conductive anomaly was identified in the southern section of the new terrain-conductivity grid. The magnitude and distribution of the apparent conductivity of this anomaly was identified as a nearly vertical sheet-like conductive feature. The anomaly extended north-south for 150 feet, and the depth and (or) magnitude of the conductive anomaly decreased towards the south. Based on the location, orientation, and dip, this feature was interpreted as a separate anomaly rather than as a continuation of the sheet-like, conductive bedrock feature that was previously identified southwest of the landfill. No other new conductive anomalies were identified south or west of the landfill.</p><p class=\"basictext\">Seismic-refraction surveys were used to delineate the depth to the water table and the depth and topography of the bedrock surface. The seismic-refraction surveys at the northern and southern ends of the landfill confirm the presence of shallow bedrock at 25 feet below land surface. Seismic-refraction surveys conducted southwest of the landfill in a minor topographic valley indicate the bedrock is about 10 feet below land surface.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri024008","usgsCitation":"Johnson, C.D., Dawson, C.B., Belaval, M., and Lane, J.W., 2002, An integrated surface-geophysical investigation of the University of Connecticut landfill, Storrs, Connecticut: 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4008, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024008.","productDescription":"39 p.","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":183981,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5986,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/ogw/bgas/publications/wri024008/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":395001,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_51561.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut","city":"Storrs","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -72.28531837463379,\n              41.812011253215566\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.26034164428711,\n              41.812011253215566\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.26034164428711,\n              41.82512431907589\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.28531837463379,\n              41.82512431907589\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.28531837463379,\n              41.812011253215566\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae733","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Carole D. 0000-0001-6941-1578 cjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6941-1578","contributorId":1891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Carole","email":"cjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dawson, C. B.","contributorId":50967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belaval, Marcel","contributorId":21636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belaval","given":"Marcel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lane, John W. Jr. jwlane@usgs.gov","contributorId":1738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jwlane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":258233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":32988,"text":"wri20024117 - 2002 - Streamflow and erosion response to prolonged intense rainfall of November 1-2, 2000, Island of Hawaii, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-03T19:49:09.230508","indexId":"wri20024117","displayToPublicDate":"2002-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4117","title":"Streamflow and erosion response to prolonged intense rainfall of November 1-2, 2000, Island of Hawaii, Hawaii","docAbstract":"A combination of several meteorologic and topographic factors produced extreme rainfall over the eastern part of the island of Hawaii on November 1-2, 2000. Storm rainfall was concentrated in two distinct areas, the Waiakea and Kapapala areas, where maximum rainfall totals of 32.47 and 38.97 inches were recorded. Resultant flooding caused damages in excess of 70 million dollars, among the highest totals associated with flooding in the State's history. Storm rainfall had recurrence intervals that ranged from 10 years or less for maximum 1-hour totals to 100 years or more for maximum 24-hour totals\r\n\r\nAs part of this study, peak flow and/or erosion data were collected at 41 sites. Analyses of these data indicated that peak discharges of record occurred at 6 of 12 sites where historic data were available. Peak flows with estimated recurrence intervals from 50 to over 100 years were recorded at 4 of 11 sites. Peak flows were poorly correlated with total storm rainfall. Critical rainfall durations associated with peak flows ranged from 1 to 12 hours and were about 3 hours at most sites. Rainfall-runoff computations and field observations indicated that infiltration-excess overland flow alone was not sufficient to have caused the observed flood peaks and therefore saturation-excess overland flow and subsurface flow probably contributed to peak flows at most sites\r\n\r\nMost hillslope erosion associated with the storm took place along or near the Kaoiki Pali in the Kapapala area. Hillslope erosion was predominately caused by overland flow.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri20024117","usgsCitation":"Fontaine, R.A., and Hill, B.R., 2002, Streamflow and erosion response to prolonged intense rainfall of November 1-2, 2000, Island of Hawaii, Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4117, iv, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri20024117.","productDescription":"iv, 31 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2000-11-01","temporalEnd":"2000-11-02","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":119360,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_2002_4117.jpg"},{"id":407813,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_51962.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":13777,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri02-4117/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.6667,\n              19.15\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.0111,\n              19.15\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.0111,\n              19.9\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.6667,\n              19.9\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.6667,\n              19.15\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4f85","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fontaine, Richard A. rfontain@usgs.gov","contributorId":2379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fontaine","given":"Richard","email":"rfontain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":209620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, Barry R.","contributorId":57494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Barry","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70210583,"text":"70210583 - 2002 - Geographic information systems compilation of geophysical, geologic, and tectonic data for the Bering Shelf, Chukchi Sea, Arctic margin, and adjacent landmasses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-11T14:42:31.027467","indexId":"70210583","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-10T13:43:29","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1727,"text":"GSA Special Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geographic information systems compilation of geophysical, geologic, and tectonic data for the Bering Shelf, Chukchi Sea, Arctic margin, and adjacent landmasses","docAbstract":"<p>The accompanying CD-ROM contains a compilation of geophysical, geologic, and tectonic data for the Bering Shelf, the Chukchi Sea, the Arctic margin, and adjacent landmasses. These data sets focus on Alaska, the Russian Far East, and the continental shelves that link these two landmasses. For compatibility with other available geographic information system (GIS) products, our GIS compilation extends from 120°E to 115°W, and from 40°N to 80°N. This area encompasses the region from the modern Paciµc plate boundary of the Japan, Kurile, and Aleutian subduction zones, the Queen Charlotte transform fault, and the Cascadia subduction zone (in the south) to the continent-ocean transition from the Eurasian and North American continents to the Arctic Ocean (in the north); and from the diffuse Eurasian–North American plate boundary, including the probable Okhotsk plate (in the west) to the Alaskan-Canadian Cordilleran fold belt (in the east). The CD-ROM comprises thematic layers of spatial data sets for topography, gravity µeld, magnetic µeld, earthquakes, volcanoes, geology, tectonostratigraphic terranes, and cultural reference features, and also includes metadata (data about the data) for all these data sets. The spatial data sets can be viewed, analyzed, and plotted with commercial GIS software (ArcView and ARC/Info) or through a freeware program (ArcExplorer) that is included on this CD-ROM. This GIS compilation provides data for studies of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic collisional and accretionary tectonics that assembled this continental crust and of the neotectonics of active and passive plate margins in this region, and for constructing and interpreting geophysical, geologic, and tectonic models of the region.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/0-8137-2360-4.359","usgsCitation":"Klemperer, S.L., Greninger, M.L., and Nokleberg, W.J., 2002, Geographic information systems compilation of geophysical, geologic, and tectonic data for the Bering Shelf, Chukchi Sea, Arctic margin, and adjacent landmasses: GSA Special Papers, v. 360, p. 359-374, https://doi.org/10.1130/0-8137-2360-4.359.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"359","endPage":"374","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375500,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Russia, United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Arctic margin, Bering Shelf, Chukchi Sea","volume":"360","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klemperer, Simon L.","contributorId":106929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klemperer","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":790680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Greninger, Mark L.","contributorId":72816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greninger","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":790681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nokleberg, Warren J. 0000-0002-1574-8869 wnokleberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1574-8869","contributorId":2077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nokleberg","given":"Warren","email":"wnokleberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70210480,"text":"70210480 - 2002 - Evaporite tectonism in the lower Roaring Fork River valley, west-central Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-04T16:14:04.320733","indexId":"70210480","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-04T10:58:40","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1727,"text":"GSA Special Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaporite tectonism in the lower Roaring Fork River valley, west-central Colorado","docAbstract":"<p>Evaporite tectonism in the lower Roaring Fork River valley in west-central Colorado has caused regional subsidence of a differentially downdropped area in the southern part of the Carbondale collapse center during the late Cenozoic. A prominent topographic depression coincides with this collapse area, and drainage patterns within the collapse area contrast sharply with those outside of it. Miocene volcanic rocks are downdropped as much as 1220 m in the collapse area. Much of the structural lowering occurred along the margins of the collapse area. Major Laramide-age structures bound the east and west sides of the collapse area, but movement on these structures during late Cenozoic collapse was in an opposite direction to their Laramide movement. Within the interior part of the collapse area faults and folds have as much as \u0001300 m of structural relief. Large blocks of rock may be rafting into the Roaring Fork River valley as underlying evaporite flows toward the valley. Sinkholes are common in the collapse area, as are closed, or nearly closed, structurally controlled topographic depressions that are formed in both surficial deposits and bedrock. Upper Cenozoic deltaic and lacustrine deposits preserved on ridgelines and mesas document the positions of former structural depressions that were initially filled with sediments and later breached by erosion. At least 450 m of syn-collapse sediments accumulated in a collapse depression on the north side of Mount Sopris. Complexly deformed and brecciated deposits in the interior parts of the collapse center are interpreted as collapse debris. Evaporite flow is an important element in the collapse process, and during early stages of collapse it was perhaps the primary means of deformation. Flow by itself, does not remove evaporite from the collapse area. Dissolution and accompanying transport of dissolved constituents by groundwater and surface water are the ultimate means by which evaporite exits the collapse area. Collapse continues today, as evidenced by historic sinkholes and modern high-salinity loads in rivers and thermal springs. Thick evaporite deposits still underlie much of the collapse area, so collapse will likely continue in the future. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/0-8137-2366-3.73","usgsCitation":"Kirkham, R., Streufert, R.K., Kunk, M.J., Budahn, J.R., Hudson, M., and Perry, W.J., 2002, Evaporite tectonism in the lower Roaring Fork River valley, west-central Colorado: GSA Special Papers, v. 366, p. 73-99, https://doi.org/10.1130/0-8137-2366-3.73.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"99","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375361,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Carbondale","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -108.369140625,\n              39.18117526158749\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.98486328124999,\n              39.18117526158749\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.98486328124999,\n              40.06125658140474\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.369140625,\n              40.06125658140474\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.369140625,\n              39.18117526158749\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"366","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirkham, R. M.","contributorId":16915,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kirkham","given":"R. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":790335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Streufert, Randall K.","contributorId":45353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Streufert","given":"Randall","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":790336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kunk, Michael J. 0000-0003-4424-7825 mkunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4424-7825","contributorId":200968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kunk","given":"Michael","email":"mkunk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Budahn, James R. 0000-0001-9794-8882 jbudahn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9794-8882","contributorId":1175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budahn","given":"James","email":"jbudahn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hudson, Mark R. 0000-0003-0338-6079 mhudson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0338-6079","contributorId":1236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"Mark R.","email":"mhudson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Perry, William J. Jr.","contributorId":32498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"William","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":790340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":38160,"text":"cir1220 - 2002 - The U.S. Geological Survey and the Chesapeake Bay – The role of science in environmental restoration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-04T18:01:32.37823","indexId":"cir1220","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1220","title":"The U.S. Geological Survey and the Chesapeake Bay – The role of science in environmental restoration","docAbstract":"The Chesapeake Bay is the Nation's largest estuary and historically supported one of the most productive fisheries in the world. In addition to supporting aquatic communities and wildlife, the bay's watershed serves the economic and recreational needs of 15 million people. The fertile soils of the watershed support significant agricultural production. Unfortunately, the commercial, economic, and recreational value of the bay and its watershed has been degraded by poor water quality, loss of habitat, and overharvesting of living resources. Since the early 1980's, the Chesapeake Bay Program, which is a partnership among Maryland, Virginia, Pennsylvania, the District of Columbia, the Federal Government, and the Chesapeake Bay Commission, has been formulating and implementing restoration goals to restore living resources, minimize habitat loss, and reduce the amount of nutrients, sediment, and toxic substances entering the bay. The U.S. Geological Survey has the critical role of providing unbiased scientific information to be used in helping to formulate, implement, and assess the effectiveness of restoration goals in the bay and its watershed.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir1220","usgsCitation":"Barlow, R.A., Brakebill, J.W., Bratton, J.F., Blazer, V., Bohlke, J., Bricker, O.P., Colman, S.M., Cronin, T.M., Hupp, C.R., Keough, J.R., Landwehr, J.M., Langland, M.J., Newell, W.L., Perry, M., Phillips, S.W., Preston, S.D., Rybicki, N.B., Simon, N.S., and Willard, D.A., 2002, The U.S. Geological Survey and the Chesapeake Bay – The role of science in environmental restoration: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1220, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1220.","productDescription":"32 p.","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National 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,{"id":32940,"text":"ofr02196 - 2002 - Bedrock and soil geochemistry from Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-18T14:07:33","indexId":"ofr02196","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-196","title":"Bedrock and soil geochemistry from Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>Bedrock, forest floor, and mineral soil sampling in Voyageurs National Park (VNP), Minnesota in 2000 and 2001 is part of a multidisciplinary project that includes the U. S. Geological Survey, National Park Service, University of Wisconsin &ndash; La Crosse, Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, and the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources. The joint project is examining the distribution of mercury in age-1 perch, lake water, bedrock and soils for eighteen watersheds in the interior of VNP. The purpose of the project was to establish the background and baseline geochemistry for bedrock and soil in the region, and to determine terrestrial mercury sources and sinks in VNP.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Mounds View, MN","doi":"10.3133/ofr02196","usgsCitation":"Woodruff, L.G., Cannon, W.F., Dicken, C.L., and Pimley, S., 2002, Bedrock and soil geochemistry from Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-196, ii, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02196.","productDescription":"ii, 8 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319954,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr02196.JPG"},{"id":3103,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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0000-0002-2514-9923 woodruff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2514-9923","contributorId":2224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodruff","given":"Laurel","email":"woodruff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":209482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cannon, William F. 0000-0002-2699-8118 wcannon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2699-8118","contributorId":1883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"William","email":"wcannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":209481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dicken, Connie L. 0000-0002-1617-8132 cdicken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1617-8132","contributorId":57098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dicken","given":"Connie","email":"cdicken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":209483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pimley, Shana","contributorId":96318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pimley","given":"Shana","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":33013,"text":"wri20024077 - 2002 - Geohydrology and Numerical Simulation of Alternative Pumping Distributions and the Effects of Drought on the Ground-Water Flow System of Tinian, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:16","indexId":"wri20024077","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4077","title":"Geohydrology and Numerical Simulation of Alternative Pumping Distributions and the Effects of Drought on the Ground-Water Flow System of Tinian, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands","docAbstract":"Ground water in a freshwater lens is the main source of freshwater on Tinian, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. Four major geologic units make up the island with high-permeability limestone units overlying low-permeability volcanic rocks. Estimates of limestone hydraulic conductivity range from 21 to 23,000 feet per day.\r\n\r\nEstimates of water-budget components for Tinian are 82 inches per year of rainfall, about 6 inches per year of runoff, 46 inches per year of evapotranspiration, and 30 inches per year of recharge. From 1990?97, ground-water withdrawal from the Municipal well, the major source of water, averaged about 780 gallons per minute.\r\n\r\nA two-dimensional, steady-state, ground-water flow model using the computer code SHARP was developed for Tinian, to enhance the understanding of (1) the distribution of aquifer hydraulic properties, (2) the conceptual framework of the ground-water flow system, and (3) the effects of various pumping distributions and drought on water levels and the freshwater/saltwater transition zone. For modeling purposes, Tinian was divided into three horizontal hydraulic-conductivity zones: (1) highly permeable limestone, (2) less-permeable, clay-rich limestone, and (3) low-permeability volcanic rocks.\r\n\r\nThe following horizontal hydraulic conductivities were estimated: (1) 10,500 feet per day for the highly permeable limestone, (2) 800 feet per day for the less-permeable clay-rich limestone, and (3) 0.2 foot per day for the volcanic rocks.\r\n\r\nTo estimate the hydrologic effects of different pumping distributions on the aquifer, three different steady-state pumping scenarios were simulated, (1) a scenario with no ground-water pumping, (2) a 2001-pumping scenario, and (3) a maximum-pumping scenario.\r\n\r\nThe results of the no-pumping scenario showed that the freshwater/saltwater interface beneath the Municipal well would be about 7 feet deeper and ground-water discharge to the coast would be higher along both the east and west coasts of the island when compared with 1990-97 pumping conditions. For the maximum pumping scenario, the model-calculated freshwater/saltwater interface is about 7 feet shallower than the position calculated in the base-case scenario.\r\n\r\nTo estimate the hydrologic effects of drought on the freshwater lens, the 2001- and maximum-pumping scenarios were simulated using three combinations of aquifer porosity values covering a range of possible limestone properties. In all scenarios, recharge was reduced to 10 percent of average estimated recharge and the transient response was simulated for 1 year. These simulations demonstrated that the ground-water resource is adequate to withstand a drought similar to that experienced in 1998 using existing infrastructure.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/wri20024077","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Commonwealth Utilities Corporation, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands","usgsCitation":"Gingerich, S.B., 2002, Geohydrology and Numerical Simulation of Alternative Pumping Distributions and the Effects of Drought on the Ground-Water Flow System of Tinian, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4077, vi, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri20024077.","productDescription":"vi, 46 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124660,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_2002_4077.jpg"},{"id":13776,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri02-4077/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 145.56666666666666,14.916666666666666 ], [ 145.56666666666666,15.1 ], [ 145.68333333333334,15.1 ], [ 145.68333333333334,14.916666666666666 ], [ 145.56666666666666,14.916666666666666 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8d90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gingerich, Stephen B. 0000-0002-4381-0746 sbginger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4381-0746","contributorId":1426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gingerich","given":"Stephen","email":"sbginger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":209688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":32977,"text":"ofr0223 - 2002 - Gain-loss study of lower San Pedro Creek and the San Antonio River, San Antonio, Texas, May-October 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-12T16:43:39","indexId":"ofr0223","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-23","title":"Gain-loss study of lower San Pedro Creek and the San Antonio River, San Antonio, Texas, May-October 1999","docAbstract":"<p>Five streamflow gain-loss measurement surveys were made along lower San Pedro Creek and the San Antonio River from Mitchell Street to South Loop 410 east of Kelly Air Force Base in San Antonio, Texas, during May–October 1999. All of the measurements were made during dry periods, when stormwater runoff was not occurring and effects of possible bank storage were minimized. San Pedro Creek and the San Antonio River were divided into six subreaches, and streamflow measurements were made simultaneously at the boundaries of these subreaches so that streamflow gains or losses and estimates of inflow from or outflow to shallow ground water could be quantified for each subreach. There are two possible sources of ground-water inflow to lower San Pedro Creek and the San Antonio River east of Kelly Air Force Base. One source is direct inflow of shallow ground water into the streams. The other source is ground water that enters tributaries that flow into the San Antonio River. The estimated mean direct inflow of ground water to the combined San Pedro Creek and San Antonio River study reach was 3.0 cubic feet per second or 1.9 million gallons per day. The mean tributary inflow of ground water was estimated to be 1.9 cubic feet per second or 1.2 million gallons per day. The total estimated inflow of shallow ground water was 4.9 cubic feet per second or 3.2 million gallons per day. The amount of inflow from springs and seeps (estimated by observation) is much less than the amount of direct ground-water inflow estimated from the gain-loss measurements. Therefore, the presence of springs and seeps might not be a reliable indicator of the source of shallow ground water entering the river. Most of the shallow ground water that enters the San Antonio River from tributary inflow enters from the west side, through Concepcion Creek, inflows near Riverside Golf Course, and Six-Mile Creek.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr0223","collaboration":"In cooperation with the U.S. Air Force, Air Logistics Center, Kelly Air Force Base, Environmental Management Office","usgsCitation":"Ockerman, D.J., 2002, Gain-loss study of lower San Pedro Creek and the San Antonio River, San Antonio, Texas, May-October 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-23, HTML document; Report: iii, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0223.","productDescription":"HTML document; Report: iii, 15 p.","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":163367,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr0223.JPG"},{"id":333154,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/ofr02-023/pdf/ofr02-023.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.69 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":3139,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr02-023/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"San Antonio","otherGeospatial":"San Pedro Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -98.6,\n              29.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.6,\n              29.3\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.4,\n              29.3\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.4,\n              29.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.6,\n              29.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b141b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ockerman, Darwin J. 0000-0003-1958-1688 ockerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1958-1688","contributorId":1579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ockerman","given":"Darwin","email":"ockerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":209597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":44282,"text":"ofr0278 - 2002 - Abstracts of the annual Planetary Geologic Mappers Meeting, June 18-19, 2001, Albuquerque, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T19:19:27","indexId":"ofr0278","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-78","title":"Abstracts of the annual Planetary Geologic Mappers Meeting, June 18-19, 2001, Albuquerque, New Mexico","docAbstract":"<p>The annual Planetary Geologic Mappers Meeting serves two purposes. In addition to giving mappers the opportunity to exchange ideas, experiences, victories, and problems with others, presentations are reviewed by the Geologic Mapping Subcommittee (GeMS) to provide input to the Planetary Geology and Geophysics Mapping Program review panel’s consideration of new proposals and progress reports that include mapping tasks. Funded mappers bring both oral presentation materials (slides or viewgraphs) and map products to post for review by GeMS and fellow mappers. Additionally, the annual meetings typically feature optional field trips offering earth analogs and parallels to planetary mapping problems.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The 2001 Mappers Meeting, June 18-19, was convened by Tim Parker, Dave Senske, and Ken Tanaka and was hosted by Larry Crumpler and Jayne Aubele of the New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Oral presentations were given in the Museum’s Honeywell Auditorium, and maps were posted in the Sandia Room. In addition to active mappers, guests included local science teachers who had successfully competed for the right to attend and listen to the reports. It was a unique pleasure for mappers to have the opportunity to interact with and provide information to teachers responding so enthusiastically to the meeting presentation.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>On Sunday, June 17, Larry and Jayne conducted an optional pre-meeting field trip. The flanks of Rio Grande Rift, east and west of Albuquerque and Valles Caldera north of town presented tectonic, volcanic, and sedimentary examples of the Rift and adjoining areas analogous to observed features on Mars and Venus. The arid but volcanically and tectonically active environment of New Mexico’s rift valley enables focus on features that appear morphologically young and spectacular in satellite images and digital relief models. The theme of the trip was to see what, at orbiter resolution, \"obvious\" geologic features look like at lander (outcrop) scales. Trips to the top of the rift-flanking mountains (Sandia Peak, 10,600 ft) and the Valles Caldera, as well as various active spring deposits highlighted the day.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>After welcoming remarks from the host, Larry Crumpler, opening remarks by Tim Parker and Dave Senske and a report on mapping program status by Ken Tanaka, the mappers’ oral presentations began the morning of June 18, with a session on Venus Geologic Mapping. The afternoon continued with an exciting USGS Planetary GIS on the Web (PIGWAD) demonstration and ended with an open discussion of issues in planetary mapping. Posted maps of Venus quadrangles were viewed during the morning break.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Tuesday’s Mars Geologic Mapping session began with a pep talk from Tim Parker encouraging mapping community input to the MER landing site selection committee and continued with Steve Saunders describing the potential contribution of Odyssey Mission data to the geologic mapping of Mars. A Mars map poster session was held during the morning break, and the meeting was adjourned mid-afternoon.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>After the mappers meeting on Tuesday, attendants were treated to a \"Field trip to Mars.\" The Institute of Meteoritics at the University of New Mexico houses an outstanding collection of meteorites, including those that have been identified as originating from Mars. The Institute tour featured examples of most of the different lithologies exhibited by martian meteorites identified to date, as well as some of the analytical tests (scanning electron microscope) they are conducting on specimens from ALH84001.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Wednesday, June 20, featured an optional post-meeting field trip to see a travertine quarry and nearby sites of travertine deposition, the Very Large Array near Socorro, and other volcanic features within the Rio Grande Rift.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr0278","usgsCitation":"Tanaka, K.L., and Senske, D.A., 2002, Abstracts of the annual Planetary Geologic Mappers Meeting, June 18-19, 2001, Albuquerque, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-78, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0278.","productDescription":"27 p.","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":173256,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr0278.jpg"},{"id":283406,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0078/pdf/of02-078.pdf"},{"id":3707,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0078/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Rio Grande Rift;Mars;Valles Caldera;Venus","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b13e4b07f02db6a38f1","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Parker, Thomas J. tparker@usgs.gov","contributorId":2908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"Thomas","email":"tparker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":749308,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Tanaka, Kenneth L. ktanaka@usgs.gov","contributorId":610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanaka","given":"Kenneth","email":"ktanaka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":229469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Senske, David A.","contributorId":32975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senske","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70243175,"text":"70243175 - 2002 - Tension cracks, eruptive fissures, dikes, and faults related to late Pleistocene-Holocene basaltic volcanism and implications for the distribution of hydraulic conductivity in the eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-02T16:57:22.161119","indexId":"70243175","displayToPublicDate":"2002-05-01T11:43:08","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Tension cracks, eruptive fissures, dikes, and faults related to late Pleistocene-Holocene basaltic volcanism and implications for the distribution of hydraulic conductivity in the eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology, hydrogeology, and environmental remediation: Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, eastern Snake River plain, Idaho","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geologic Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0-8137-2353-1.111","usgsCitation":"Kuntz, M.A., Anderson, S.R., Champion, D.E., Lanphere, M.A., and Grunwald, D.J., 2002, Tension cracks, eruptive fissures, dikes, and faults related to late Pleistocene-Holocene basaltic volcanism and implications for the distribution of hydraulic conductivity in the eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho, chap. <i>of</i> Geology, hydrogeology, and environmental remediation: Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, eastern Snake River plain, Idaho, v. 353, p. 111-133, https://doi.org/10.1130/0-8137-2353-1.111.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"111","endPage":"133","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":416627,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"eastern Snake River Plain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.36166051657979,\n              42.045954187027206\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.09972778490244,\n              44.42838509494982\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.32373763595704,\n              44.749396677289525\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.45052020097482,\n              44.596399355766465\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.8049376396368,\n              44.58478465016182\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.30053365597196,\n              44.52122748995606\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.45935995306182,\n              44.469935554048504\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.76034378835622,\n              44.520157696233326\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.86497119834651,\n              44.41760157718599\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.98207247747594,\n              43.038893774056845\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.8468668714881,\n              41.95905970222364\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.36166051657979,\n              42.045954187027206\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"353","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuntz, Mel A. 0000-0001-8828-5474","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8828-5474","contributorId":98400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuntz","given":"Mel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":871371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Steven R.","contributorId":6532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Champion, Duane E. 0000-0001-7854-9034 dchamp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7854-9034","contributorId":2912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Champion","given":"Duane","email":"dchamp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":871373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lanphere, Marvin A. alder@usgs.gov","contributorId":2696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanphere","given":"Marvin","email":"alder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":871374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Grunwald, Daniel J.","contributorId":105373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grunwald","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":69374,"text":"i2645A - 2002 - Geologic Map of the Central Marysvale Volcanic Field, Southwestern Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:33","indexId":"i2645A","displayToPublicDate":"2002-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2645","subseriesTitle":"GIS","chapter":"A","title":"Geologic Map of the Central Marysvale Volcanic Field, Southwestern Utah","docAbstract":"The geologic map of the central Marysvale volcanic field, southwestern Utah, shows the geology at 1:100,000 scale of the heart of one of the largest Cenozoic volcanic fields in the Western United States.  The map shows the area of 38 degrees 15' to 38 degrees 42'30' N.,  and 112 degrees to 112 degrees 37'30' W.  The Marysvale field occurs mostly in the High Plateaus, a subprovince of the Colorado Plateau and structurally a transition zone between the complexly deformed Great Basin to the west and the stable, little-deformed main part of the Colorado Plateau to the east.  The western part of the field is in the Great Basin proper.  The volcanic rocks and their source intrusions in the volcanic field range in age from about 31 Ma (Oligocene) to about 0.5 Ma (Pleistocene).  These rocks overlie sedimentary rocks exposed in the mapped area that range in age from Ordovician to early Cenozoic.  The area has been deformed by thrust faults and folds formed during the late Mesozoic to early Cenozoic Sevier deformational event, and later by mostly normal faults and folds of the Miocene to Quaternary basin-range episode.  The map revises and updates knowledge gained during a long-term U.S. Geological Survey investigation of the volcanic field, done in part because of its extensive history of mining.  The investigation also was done to provide framework geologic knowledge suitable for defining geologic and hydrologic hazards, for locating hydrologic and mineral resources, and for an understanding of geologic processes in the area.  A previous geologic map (Cunningham and others, 1983, U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series I-1430-A) covered the same area as this map but was published at 1:50,000 scale and is obsolete due to new data.  This new geologic map of the central Marysvale field, here published as U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Investigations Series I-2645-A, is accompanied by gravity and aeromagnetic maps of the same area and the same scale (Campbell and others, 1999, U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Investigations Series I-2645-B).","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/i2645A","isbn":"9780607973709","usgsCitation":"Rowley, P.D., Cunningham, C.G., Steven, T., Workman, J.B., Anderson, J.J., and Theissen, K.M., 2002, Geologic Map of the Central Marysvale Volcanic Field, Southwestern Utah (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2645, Map: 59 x 37 inches; Text Files; GIS Files, https://doi.org/10.3133/i2645A.","productDescription":"Map: 59 x 37 inches; Text Files; GIS Files","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110291,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_51457.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"51457"},{"id":191278,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11401,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/i-2645-a/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"1","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.61749999999999,38.25 ], [ -112.61749999999999,38.700833333333335 ], [ -112,38.700833333333335 ], [ -112,38.25 ], [ -112.61749999999999,38.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a856e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rowley, Peter D.","contributorId":27435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowley","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cunningham, Charles G.","contributorId":85940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Steven, Thomas A.","contributorId":57529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steven","given":"Thomas A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Workman, Jeremiah B. 0000-0001-7816-6420 jworkman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7816-6420","contributorId":714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Workman","given":"Jeremiah","email":"jworkman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":280266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anderson, John J.","contributorId":74004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Theissen, Kevin M.","contributorId":12322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Theissen","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":32382,"text":"ofr02200 - 2002 - AVIRIS data calibration information: Oquirrh and East Tintic mountains, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-07T15:31:37","indexId":"ofr02200","displayToPublicDate":"2002-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-200","title":"AVIRIS data calibration information: Oquirrh and East Tintic mountains, Utah","docAbstract":"<p>The information contained herein pertains to the original reflectance calibration derived solely from the Saltair beach site on the shores of Great Salt Lake.&nbsp; The reflectance data derived from this calibration becomes markedly affected by residual absorptions due to atmospheric water vapor and carbon dioxide within short horizontal and vertical distances from the calibration site due to the presence of what is believed to be a distinct microclimate by the lake.&nbsp; Subsequent to the development of this web site, a new reflectance calibration was derived which mitigated these effects.&nbsp; Reflectance spectra of bright areas of known composition in the East Tintic Mountains, far from Great Salt Lake, were sampled from the calibrated high altitude AVIRIS data cubes and edited, or \"polished,\" to identify artifacts related to residual absorptions of atmospheric gases, particulates, and sensor noise.&nbsp; The subtle artifacts identified in this way were incorporated into the multiplier spectra derived from the original calibration site, generating new multiplier spectra that were used to re-calibrate the ATREM- and path radiance-corrected cubes to reflectance.&nbsp; This process generated a reflectance calibration customized for the Oquirrh/East Tintic Mountain region.</p><hr>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr02200","usgsCitation":"Rockwell, B.W., Clark, R.N., Livo, K., McDougal, R., and Kokaly, R., 2002, AVIRIS data calibration information: Oquirrh and East Tintic mountains, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-200, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02200.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":166637,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3367,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/ofr-02-0200/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b13e4b07f02db6a3cbd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rockwell, Barnaby W. 0000-0002-9549-0617 barnabyr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9549-0617","contributorId":2195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rockwell","given":"Barnaby","email":"barnabyr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":208482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, Roger N. 0000-0002-7021-1220 rclark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7021-1220","contributorId":515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Roger","email":"rclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":208481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Livo, K. Eric 0000-0001-7331-8130","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7331-8130","contributorId":26338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Livo","given":"K. Eric","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McDougal, Robert R.","contributorId":53418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDougal","given":"Robert R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kokaly, Raymond F. 0000-0003-0276-7101","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0276-7101","contributorId":81442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kokaly","given":"Raymond F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":33062,"text":"wri014244 - 2002 - Spatial patterns and temporal variability in water quality from City of Albuquerque drinking-water supply wells and piezometer nests, with implications for the ground-water flow system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-08T21:57:49.343397","indexId":"wri014244","displayToPublicDate":"2002-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4244","title":"Spatial patterns and temporal variability in water quality from City of Albuquerque drinking-water supply wells and piezometer nests, with implications for the ground-water flow system","docAbstract":"<p>Water-quality data for 93 City of Albuquerque drinking-water supply wells, 7 deep piezometer nests, and selected additional wells were examined to improve understanding of the regional ground-water system and its response to pumpage. Plots of median values of several major parameters showed discernible water-quality differences both areally and with depth in the aquifer. Areal differences were sufficiently large to enable delineation of five regions of generally distinct water quality, which are consistent with areas of separate recharge defined by previous investigators. Data for deep piezometer nests indicate that water quality generally degrades somewhat with depth, except in areas where local recharge influenced by evapotranspiration or contamination could be affecting shallow water. The orientations of the five water-quality regions indicate that the direction of ground-water flow has historically been primarily north to south. This is generally consistent with maps of predevelopment hydraulic heads, although some areas lack consistency, possibly because of differences in time scales or depths represented by water quality as opposed to hydraulic head. The primary sources of recharge to ground water in the study area appear to be mountain-front recharge along the Sandia Mountains to the east and the Jemez Mountains to the north, seepage from the Rio Grande, and infiltration through Tijeras Arroyo. Elevated concentrations of many chemical constituents in part of the study area appear to be associated with a source of water having large dissolved solids, possibly moving upward from depth. Hydraulic-head data for deep piezometer nests indicate that vertical head gradients differ in direction and magnitude across the study area. Hydraulic-head gradients are downward in the central and western parts of the study area and upward across much of the eastern part, except at the mountain front. Water-quality data for the piezometers indicate that the ground water is not well mixed, even in areas of large vertical gradients. Water levels in most piezometers respond to short-term variations in ground-water withdrawals and to the cumulative effect of long-term withdrawals throughout the area. In most piezometers screened below the water table, water levels respond clearly to seasonal variations in ground-water withdrawals. Water levels decline from about April through July and rise from about September through January. Water levels seem to be declining in most piezometers at a rate less than 1 foot per year. Water-quality data for unfiltered samples collected over a 10-year period from 93 City of Albuquerque drinking-water supply wells were examined for variability and temporal trends in 10 selected parameters. Variability generally was found to be greatest in the Western and Northeast water-quality regions of the study area. For the 10 parameters investigated, temporal trends were found in 5 to 57 wells. Dissolved-solids, sodium, sulfate, chloride, and silica concentrations showed more increasing than decreasing trends; calcium, bicarbonate, and arsenic concentrations, field pH, and water temperature showed more decreasing than increasing trends. The median magnitudes of most of these trends over a 1-year period were not particularly large (generally less than 1.0 milligram per liter), although the magnitudes for a few individual wells were significant. For the 10 parameters investigated, correlations with monthly pumpage volumes were found in 10 to 32 wells. Calcium and sulfate concentrations, field pH, and water temperature showed more positive than negative correlations with monthly pumpage; dissolved-solids, sodium, bicarbonate, chloride, silica, and arsenic concentrations showed more negative than positive correlations.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri014244","usgsCitation":"Bexfield, L.M., and Anderholm, S.K., 2002, Spatial patterns and temporal variability in water quality from City of Albuquerque drinking-water supply wells and piezometer nests, with implications for the ground-water flow system: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4244, vi, 101 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014244.","productDescription":"vi, 101 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161248,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4244/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":95938,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4244/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":406411,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_51519.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","city":"Albuquerque","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -106.82830810546875,\n              34.98725337980076\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.46232604980467,\n              34.98725337980076\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.46232604980467,\n              35.20691648822763\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.82830810546875,\n              35.20691648822763\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.82830810546875,\n              34.98725337980076\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6d62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bexfield, Laura M. 0000-0002-1789-654X bexfield@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1789-654X","contributorId":1273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bexfield","given":"Laura","email":"bexfield@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":209804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderholm, Scott K.","contributorId":94270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderholm","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":61492,"text":"mf2388 - 2002 - Generalized surficial geologic map of the Pueblo 1° x 2° quadrangle, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-08T21:53:41.514908","indexId":"mf2388","displayToPublicDate":"2002-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2388","title":"Generalized surficial geologic map of the Pueblo 1° x 2° quadrangle, Colorado","docAbstract":"Fifty-three types of surficial geologic deposits and residual materials of Quaternary age are described in a pamphlet and located on a map of the greater Pueblo area, in part of the Front Range, in the Wet and Sangre de Cristo Mountains, and on the plains east of Colorado Springs and Pueblo. Deposits formed by landslides, wind, and glaciers, as well as colluvium, residuum, alluvium, and others are described in terms of predominant grain size, mineral or rock composition (e.g., gypsiferous, calcareous, granitic, andesitic), thickness, and other physical characteristics. Origins and ages of the deposits and geologic hazards related to them are noted. Many lines drawn between units on our map were placed by generalizing contacts on published maps. However, in 1997-1999 we mapped new boundaries as well. The map was projected to the UTM projection. This large map area extends from near Salida (on the west edge), eastward about 107 mi (172 km), and from Antero Reservoir and Woodland Park on the north edge to near Colorado City at the south edge (68 mi; 109 km).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf2388","usgsCitation":"Moore, D.W., Straub, A.W., Berry, M.E., Baker, M.L., and Brandt, T.R., 2002, Generalized surficial geologic map of the Pueblo 1° x 2° quadrangle, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2388, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2388.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":187068,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6055,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2002/mf-2388/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":110293,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_51522.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"51522"}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Pueblo 1° x 2° quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106,38 ], [ -106,39 ], [ -104,39 ], [ -104,38 ], [ -106,38 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aec5c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, D. W.","contributorId":93431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Straub, A. W.","contributorId":65164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Straub","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Berry, M. E.","contributorId":78817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baker, M. L.","contributorId":77234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brandt, T. R.","contributorId":77553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brandt","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":32380,"text":"ofr02184 - 2002 - Modified Mercalli intensities (MMI) for large earthquakes near New Madrid, Missouri, in 1811-1812 and near Charleston, South Carolina, in 1886","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-17T21:06:20.694379","indexId":"ofr02184","displayToPublicDate":"2002-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-184","title":"Modified Mercalli intensities (MMI) for large earthquakes near New Madrid, Missouri, in 1811-1812 and near Charleston, South Carolina, in 1886","docAbstract":"Large historical earthquakes occurred in the eastern United States on December 16, 1811 near New Madrid, MO, on January 23, 1812 near New Madrid, MO, on February 7, 1812 near New Madrid, MO, and on September 1, 1886 near Charleston, SC. Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) assignments for these earthquakes were used by Bakun et al. (submitted) to estimate the location and moment magnitude M of these earthquakes from MMI observations. The MMI assignments used by Bakun et al. (submitted) are listed in this report.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr02184","usgsCitation":"Bakun, W.H., Johnston, A.C., and Hopper, M.G., 2002, Modified Mercalli intensities (MMI) for large earthquakes near New Madrid, Missouri, in 1811-1812 and near Charleston, South Carolina, in 1886: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-184, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02184.","productDescription":"31 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":166635,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr02184.jpg"},{"id":415890,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_51541.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":283715,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0184/pdf/of02-184.pdf"},{"id":3365,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0184/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri, South Carolina","city":"Charleston, New Madrid","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.42290520540121,\n              36.8082963196958\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.97676652775205,\n              36.8082963196958\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.97676652775205,\n              36.417218605917114\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.42290520540121,\n              36.417218605917114\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.42290520540121,\n              36.8082963196958\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.09420544548885,\n              32.92048237667073\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.09420544548885,\n              32.66546855991345\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.72879486352295,\n              32.66546855991345\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.72879486352295,\n              32.92048237667073\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.09420544548885,\n              32.92048237667073\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4de4b07f02db627409","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bakun, W. H.","contributorId":67055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bakun","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnston, A. C.","contributorId":85574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hopper, M. G.","contributorId":39389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopper","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":32375,"text":"ofr02158 - 2002 - Moloka'i fieldtrip guidebook: Selected aspects of the geology, geography, and coral reefs of Moloka'i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-29T20:50:43.556901","indexId":"ofr02158","displayToPublicDate":"2002-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-158","title":"Moloka'i fieldtrip guidebook: Selected aspects of the geology, geography, and coral reefs of Moloka'i","docAbstract":"This guidebook was compiled with the express purpose of describing the general geology of Moloka'i and those locations with significance to the U.S. Geological Survey's study of Moloka'i's coral reef, a part of the U.S. Department of Interior's 'Protecting the Nation's Reefs' program.\r\n\r\nThe first portion of the guidebook describes the island and gives the historical background. Fieldtrip stop locations are listed in a logical driving order, essentially from west to east. This order may be changed, or stops deleted, depending on time and scheduling of an individual fieldtrip.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr02158","usgsCitation":"Cochran, S., Roberts, L.M., and Evans, K.R., 2002, Moloka'i fieldtrip guidebook: Selected aspects of the geology, geography, and coral reefs of Moloka'i: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-158, vi, 55 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02158.","productDescription":"vi, 55 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":645,"text":"Western Coastal and Marine Geology","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":163484,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402718,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_51459.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":12045,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/of02-158/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Moloka'i","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -157.30499267578125,\n              21.035800796222002\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.69799804687497,\n              21.035800796222002\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.69799804687497,\n              21.268899719967695\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.30499267578125,\n              21.268899719967695\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.30499267578125,\n              21.035800796222002\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db699256","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cochran, Susan A.","contributorId":27533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochran","given":"Susan A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roberts, Lucile M.","contributorId":7561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"Lucile","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Evans, Kevin R.","contributorId":35724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":38282,"text":"pp1659 - 2002 - Structural geology of western part of Lemhi Range, east-central Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-14T08:55:34","indexId":"pp1659","displayToPublicDate":"2002-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1659","title":"Structural geology of western part of Lemhi Range, east-central Idaho","docAbstract":"The Poison Creek Anticline is a major fold that occupies a large part of the western part of the Lemhi Range. The fold is now broken by normal faults, but removal of displacement on the normal faults permitted reconstruction of the anticline. The fold formed during late Mesozoic compressional deformation in the hinterland of the Cordilleran thrust belt. It is in the hanging wall of the Poison Creek thrust fault, a major fault in east-central Idaho, that displaced Proterozoic strata over lower Paleozoic rocks.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/pp1659","usgsCitation":"Tysdal, R.G., 2002, Structural geology of western part of Lemhi Range, east-central Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1659, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1659.","productDescription":"33 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124000,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1659/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":3509,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/p1659/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":64661,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1659/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Western Part of Lemhi Range","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4950","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tysdal, Russell G.","contributorId":1700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tysdal","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":219525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":31609,"text":"ofr02121 - 2002 - Field-trip guide to the southeastern foothills of the Santa Cruz Mountains in Santa Clara County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-27T15:20:46.730151","indexId":"ofr02121","displayToPublicDate":"2002-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-121","title":"Field-trip guide to the southeastern foothills of the Santa Cruz Mountains in Santa Clara County, California","docAbstract":"This field trip is an introduction to the geology of the southeastern foothills of the Santa Cruz Mountains in southern Santa Clara County. Seven stops include four short hikes to access rock exposures and views of the foothills east of Loma Prieta Peak between Gilroy and San José. Field-trip destinations highlight the dominant rock types of the \"Franciscan assemblage\" including outcrops of serpentinite, basalt, limestone, ribbon chert, graywacke sandstone, and shale. General discussions include how the rocks formed, and how tectonism and stream erosion have changed the landscape through time. All field trip stops are on public land; most are near reservoir dams of the Santa Clara Valley Water District. In addition, stops include examination of an Ohlone Indian heritage site and the New Almaden Mining Museum.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr02121","usgsCitation":"Stoffer, P.W., and Messina, P., 2002, Field-trip guide to the southeastern foothills of the Santa Cruz Mountains in Santa Clara County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-121, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02121.","productDescription":"29 p.","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160807,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr02121.jpg"},{"id":2875,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0121/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":283450,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0121/pdf/of02-121.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Santa Clara County","otherGeospatial":"Santa Cruz Mountains","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.018524,36.997715 ], [ -122.018524,37.259531 ], [ -121.58152,37.259531 ], [ -121.58152,36.997715 ], [ -122.018524,36.997715 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fbe4b07f02db5f4b36","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stoffer, Philip W.","contributorId":32559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoffer","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Messina, Paula","contributorId":70005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Messina","given":"Paula","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":31007,"text":"wri014211 - 2002 - Pesticides in surface water of the Yakima River basin, Washington, 1999–2000 — Their occurrence and an assessment of factors affecting concentrations and loads","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-20T22:16:44.447233","indexId":"wri014211","displayToPublicDate":"2002-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4211","title":"Pesticides in surface water of the Yakima River basin, Washington, 1999–2000 — Their occurrence and an assessment of factors affecting concentrations and loads","docAbstract":"<p>The occurrence, distribution, and transport of pesticides in surface water of the Yakima River Basin were assessed using data collected during 1999&shy;2000 as part of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program. Samples were collected at 34 sites located throughout the basin in August 1999 using a Lagrangian sampling design. Samples also were collected weekly and monthly from May 1999 through January 2000 at three of the sites. This report includes data for 47 pesticide compounds from the analysis of filtered water using ocadecyl (C-18) solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.</p>\n<p>Twenty-five pesticide compounds were detected in samples collected during the study. Detection frequencies ranged from about 1 percent for ethalfluralin, ethoprophos, and lindane to 82 percent for atrazine. Maximum concentrations of azinphos-methyl, carbaryl, diazinon, para,para'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE), and lindane exceeded chronic-toxicity guidelines for the protection of freshwater aquatic life. Twenty pesticide compounds were detected during sampling in August 1999. Atrazine was the most widely detected herbicide, and azinphos-methyl was the most widely detected insecticide. The median number of sites at which a particular pesticide compound was detected was six. Pesticide compounds detected at more than six sites include atrazine, simazine, terbacil, trifluralin, deethylatrazine, azinphos-methyl, carbaryl, diazinon, malathion, and p,p'-DDE.</p>\n<p>Because many factors affect the transport of pesticides from areas of application to surface water, there was not a simple correspondence between pesticide occurrence and use in the Yakima River Basin. For example, the high detection rates of atrazine, simazine, deethylatrazine, and p,p'-DDE are probably related more to their mobility and wide distribution in the hydrologic system than to their usage. Likewise, higher detection frequencies of the insecticides azinphos-methyl and carbaryl compared with chlorpyrifos appear to be related more to differences in their physical and chemical properties than to usage.</p>\n<p>The highest detection frequencies and concentrations of pesticides generally occurred during irrigation season, which is from mid-March to mid-October. Pesticides are applied during irrigation season, and runoff of excess irrigation water from fields transports them to surface water.</p>\n<p>Ground-water discharges also transport some pesticides to surface water. Atrazine, deethylatrazine, and simazine were frequently detected in samples collected after the irrigation season when there was little or no surface runoff and most of the flow in irrigation drains was derived from ground water.</p>\n<p>Daily loads of atrazine, terbacil, azinphos-methyl, and carbaryl discharged to the Yakima River from inflows between river mile 103.7 and river mile 72 varied widely between sites. For example, East Toppenish Drain discharged over 50 percent of the total load of terbacil to this reach of the Yakima River, but none of the total load of carbaryl and only about 4 percent of the total load of atrazine. Pesticide loads from the wastewater treatment plants were relatively small compared with loads from other inflows because their discharges were small.</p>\n<p>Pesticide losses, defined as the ratio of the amount discharged from a basin from May 1999 through January 2000 divided by the amount applied during 1999, were estimated for Moxee and Granger Drains and the Yakima River at Kiona. Losses ranged from less than 0.01 to 1.5 percent of pesticides applied and are comparable to those observed (0.01 to 2.2 percent) in irrigated agricultural basins in the Central Columbia Plateau of Washington State.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri014211","usgsCitation":"Ebbert, J.C., Embrey, S.S.,2002,Pesticides in surface water of the Yakima River basin, Washington, 1999–2000 — Their occurrence and an assessment of factors affecting concentrations and loads: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 01–4211, 49 p.","productDescription":"49 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":159877,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":394631,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_51424.htm"},{"id":3008,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4211/wri01-4211.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PDF of report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Yakima River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.5,\n              46\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.25,\n              46\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.25,\n              47.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.5,\n              47.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.5,\n              46\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:dc_or@usgs.gov\">Director</a>, Oregon Water Science Center<br />U.S. Geological Survey<br />2130 SW 5th Avenue<br />Portland, Oregon 97201<br /><a href=\"http://or.water.usgs.gov\" target=\"_blank\">http://or.water.usgs.gov</a></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul>\n<li>Abstract</li>\n<li>Introduction</li>\n<li>Yakima River Basin Description</li>\n<li>Previous Findings</li>\n<li>Study Design, Methods, and Data Sources</li>\n<li>Pesticide Occurrence and Distribution</li>\n<li>Pesticide Transport, Loads, and Yields</li>\n<li>Summary</li>\n<li>References Cited</li>\n<li>Appendix 1. Evaluation of quality-control data</li>\n<li>Appendix 2. Sources of data used to estimate pesticide usage</li>\n</ul>","publishedDate":"2002-03-19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-03-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db68822b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ebbert, James C.","contributorId":73990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebbert","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Embrey, Sandra S.","contributorId":48170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Embrey","given":"Sandra","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":31605,"text":"ofr02109 - 2002 - Modified Mercalli Intensities (MMI) for some earthquakes in eastern North America (ENA) and empirical MMI site corrections for towns in ENA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-06T15:46:34","indexId":"ofr02109","displayToPublicDate":"2002-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-109","title":"Modified Mercalli Intensities (MMI) for some earthquakes in eastern North America (ENA) and empirical MMI site corrections for towns in ENA","docAbstract":"Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) assignments for earthquakes in eastern North America (ENA) were used by Bakun et al. (submitted) to develop a model for eastern North America for estimating the location and moment magnitude M of earthquakes from MMI observations. MMI assignments for most of the earthquakes considered by Bakun et al. (submitted) are published. MMI assignments for 6 other earthquakes used by Bakun et al. (submitted) are listed in this report: November 18, 1755 near Cape Ann, Massachusetts; January 5, 1843 near Marked Tree, Arkansas; October 31, 1895 in southern Illinois; November 18, 1929 on the Grand Banks, Newfoundland; September 26, 1990 in southeast Missouri; and May 4, 1991 near Risco, Missouri. MMI empirical site corrections developed and used by Bakun et al. (submitted) are also listed in this report.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr02109","usgsCitation":"Bakun, W.H., Johnston, A.C., and Hopper, M.G., 2002, Modified Mercalli Intensities (MMI) for some earthquakes in eastern North America (ENA) and empirical MMI site corrections for towns in ENA: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-109, Report: 71 p.; Tables 1-7; Explanation for Tables 1-6; Explanation for Table 7; References, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02109.","productDescription":"Report: 71 p.; Tables 1-7; Explanation for Tables 1-6; Explanation for Table 7; References","numberOfPages":"72","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160911,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr02109.jpg"},{"id":2871,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0109/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":283438,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0109/pdf/of02-109.pdf"}],"country":"Canada;United States","state":"Arkansas;Illinois;Massachusetts;Missouri;Newfoundland","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -96.05,32.92 ], [ -96.05,52.37 ], [ -50.04,52.37 ], [ -50.04,32.92 ], [ -96.05,32.92 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db699447","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bakun, W. H.","contributorId":67055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bakun","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnston, A. C.","contributorId":85574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hopper, M. G.","contributorId":39389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopper","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":31014,"text":"wri024043 - 2002 - A logistic regression equation for estimating the probability of a stream flowing perennially in Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:06","indexId":"wri024043","displayToPublicDate":"2002-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4043","title":"A logistic regression equation for estimating the probability of a stream flowing perennially in Massachusetts","docAbstract":"A logistic regression equation was developed for estimating the probability of a stream flowing perennially at a specific site in Massachusetts. The equation provides city and town conservation commissions and the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection with an additional method for assessing whether streams are perennial or intermittent at a specific site in Massachusetts. This information is needed to assist these environmental agencies, who administer the Commonwealth of Massachusetts Rivers Protection Act of 1996, which establishes a 200-foot-wide protected riverfront area extending along the length of each side of the stream from the mean annual high-water line along each side of perennial streams, with exceptions in some urban areas. The equation was developed by relating the verified perennial or intermittent status of a stream site to selected basin characteristics of naturally flowing streams (no regulation by dams, surface-water withdrawals, ground-water withdrawals, diversion, waste-water discharge, and so forth) in Massachusetts. Stream sites used in the analysis were identified as perennial or intermittent on the basis of review of measured streamflow at sites throughout Massachusetts and on visual observation at sites in the South Coastal Basin, southeastern Massachusetts. Measured or observed zero flow(s) during months of extended drought as defined by the 310 Code of Massachusetts Regulations (CMR) 10.58(2)(a) were not considered when designating the perennial or intermittent status of a stream site. The database used to develop the equation included a total of 305 stream sites (84 intermittent- and 89 perennial-stream sites in the State, and 50 intermittent- and 82 perennial-stream sites in the South Coastal Basin). Stream sites included in the database had drainage areas that ranged from 0.14 to 8.94 square miles in the State and from 0.02 to 7.00 square miles in the South Coastal Basin.Results of the logistic regression analysis indicate that the probability of a stream flowing perennially at a specific site in Massachusetts can be estimated as a function of (1) drainage area (cube root), (2) drainage density, (3) areal percentage of stratified-drift deposits (square root), (4) mean basin slope, and (5) location in the South Coastal Basin or the remainder of the State. Although the equation developed provides an objective means for estimating the probability of a stream flowing perennially at a specific site, the reliability of the equation is constrained by the data used to develop the equation. The equation may not be reliable for (1) drainage areas less than 0.14 square mile in the State or less than 0.02 square mile in the South Coastal Basin, (2) streams with losing reaches, or (3) streams draining the southern part of the South Coastal Basin and the eastern part of the Buzzards Bay Basin and the entire area of Cape Cod and the Islands Basins.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri024043","usgsCitation":"Bent, G.C., and Archfield, S.A., 2002, A logistic regression equation for estimating the probability of a stream flowing perennially in Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4043, 45 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024043.","productDescription":"45 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160874,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3012,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri024043","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae182","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bent, Gardner C. 0000-0002-5085-3146 gbent@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5085-3146","contributorId":1864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bent","given":"Gardner","email":"gbent@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Archfield, Stacey A. 0000-0002-9011-3871 sarch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9011-3871","contributorId":1874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Archfield","given":"Stacey","email":"sarch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":31601,"text":"ofr200299 - 2002 - An interpretation of the 1996 aeromagnetic data for the Santa Cruz basin, Tumacacori Mountains, Santa Rita Mountains, and Patagonia Mountains, south-central Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-27T15:17:32.271077","indexId":"ofr200299","displayToPublicDate":"2002-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-99","title":"An interpretation of the 1996 aeromagnetic data for the Santa Cruz basin, Tumacacori Mountains, Santa Rita Mountains, and Patagonia Mountains, south-central Arizona","docAbstract":"High resolution aeromagnetic survey data flown at 250 m above the terrain and 250 m line spacing over the Santa Cruz Valley and the surrounding Tumacacori, Patagonia, and Santa Rita Mountains has been interpreted by correlation of the magnetic anomaly field and various derivative maps with geologic maps. Measurements of in-situ magnetic properties of several of the map units determined whether or not mapped lithologies were responsible for observed anomalies. Correlation of the magnetic anomaly field with mapped geology shows that numerous map units of volcanic and intrusive rocks from Jurassic Middle Tertiary in age are reversely polarized, some of which have not been previously reported. Trends derived from the magnetic anomaly data correlate closely with structures from major tectonic events in the geologic history of the area including Triassic-Jurassic crustal accretion and magmatism, Laramide magmatism and tectonism, northeast-southwest Mid-Tertiary extension, and east-west Basin and Range extension. Application of two textural measures to the magnetic anomaly data, number of peaks and troughs per km (a measure of roughness) and Euclidean length per km (a measure of amplitude), delineated areas of consistent magnetic anomaly texture. These measures were successful at the delineation of areas of consistent magnetic lithology both on the surface and in the subsurface beneath basin fill. Several areas of basement prospective for mineral resources beneath basin fill were identified.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr200299","usgsCitation":"Gettings, M.E., 2002, An interpretation of the 1996 aeromagnetic data for the Santa Cruz basin, Tumacacori Mountains, Santa Rita Mountains, and Patagonia Mountains, south-central Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-99, Report: 44 p.; 2 Appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr200299.","productDescription":"Report: 44 p.; 2 Appendixes","numberOfPages":"44","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160895,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr200299.jpg"},{"id":283416,"rank":2,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0099/appendix2.txt"},{"id":283415,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0099/appendix_1.html"},{"id":2867,"rank":6,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0099/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":283410,"rank":5,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0099/pdf/of02-99.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":283411,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0099/toc.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Patagonia Mountains, Santa Cruz Basin, Santa Rita Mountains, Tumacacori Mountains","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.0,31.2 ], [ -112.0,32.49 ], [ -109.27,32.49 ], [ -109.27,31.2 ], [ -112.0,31.2 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db6864b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gettings, Mark E. 0000-0002-2910-2321 mgetting@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2910-2321","contributorId":602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gettings","given":"Mark","email":"mgetting@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":206514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":31598,"text":"ofr200296 - 2002 - Principal facts for 463 gravity stations in the vicinity of Tangle Lakes, east-central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-11T18:32:12.780541","indexId":"ofr200296","displayToPublicDate":"2002-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-96","title":"Principal facts for 463 gravity stations in the vicinity of Tangle Lakes, east-central Alaska","docAbstract":"During the summer of 2001, a gravity survey was conducted in the vicinity of Tangle Lakes, east-central Alaska. Measurements of 87 gravity stations were made. The Tangle Lakes area is located about 25 km west of Paxson and north of the Denali Highway. The gravity survey is located on the southwest corner of the Mt. Hayes and the northwest corner of the Gulkana 1:250,000 scale USGS topographic maps. The boundaries of the study area are 62 deg 30' to 63 deg 30' N. latitude and 145 deg 30' to 147 deg 00' W. longitude. A map showing the location of the study area is shown in figure 1. One gravity base station was used for control for this survey. This base station, TLIN is located at the Tangle Lakes Inn. The observed gravity of this station was calculated based on multiple ties to base stations ANCU in Anchorage, PALH in Palmer, BD27 in Gulkana, and base stations D42, and D57 along the Denali Highway.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr200296","usgsCitation":"Morin, R.L., and Glen, J., 2002, Principal facts for 463 gravity stations in the vicinity of Tangle Lakes, east-central Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-96, Report: 19 p.; Data Package; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr200296.","productDescription":"Report: 19 p.; Data Package; Metadata","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":314,"text":"Geophysics Unit of Menlo Park, CA (GUMP)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160914,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":403422,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_51234.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":12293,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/of02-096/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Tangle Lakes","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -147.5,\n              62.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -145.5,\n              62.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -145.5,\n              63.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.5,\n              63.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.5,\n              62.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db668e44","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morin, Robert L.","contributorId":82671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morin","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Glen, Jonathan M. G.","contributorId":45756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glen","given":"Jonathan M. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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