{"pageNumber":"2506","pageRowStart":"62625","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68760,"records":[{"id":3981,"text":"cir558 - 1968 - Generalized hydrology of prairie potholes on the Coteau du Missouri, North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-16T16:18:03","indexId":"cir558","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"558","title":"Generalized hydrology of prairie potholes on the Coteau du Missouri, North Dakota","docAbstract":"This report presents all the information, obtained during the investigation, that lends itself to generalization. It describes conditions on that part of the Coteau du Missouri where there is little integration of drainage systems. The surface of the glacial drift in this region is dotted with shallow depressions known as prairie potholes that hold water for varying lengths of time. Precipitation directly on a pothole is the basic source of its water supply, but it is only about half the potential evaporation; therefore, potholes tend to go dry. Basin inflow from melting snow or rain occurs only when the soil is frozen or saturated, a condition so erratic in occurrence that seasonal or annual precipitation is of little value as an indication of basin inflow. Net seepage outflow occurs from potholes on the higher parts of the Coteau at very low rates, but it can amount to 20 to 30 percent of the total water loss from a pothole. Net seepage inflow occurs at the potholes on the lower parts of the Coteau. \r\n\r\nThe phreatic surface (water table) tends to be a subdued image of the topography and is generally very near the land surface. The water surfaces of the potholes are part of the phreatic surface, and therefore they can be used to prepare a contour map of the phreatic surface; wells usually act as piezometers and thus are useless for such a purpose. \r\n\r\nGenerally, potholes with water relatively low in dissolved solids have net seepage outflow, and those with water containing high concentration of dissolved solids have net seepage inflow. The direction of ground-water movement can therefore be inferred from the quality of water in potholes. The total salinity of water in a pothole is largely a function of the rate of ground-water flow and the relationship of seepage inflow to outflow. \r\n\r\nThe species of emergent aquatic vegetation that grow in a pothole are directly related to the permanence and salinity of the water at the particular site of each species. The report contains a table of the common species that can be used as indicators of these conditions.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir558","usgsCitation":"Eisenlohr, W.S., and Sloan, C.E., 1968, Generalized hydrology of prairie potholes on the Coteau du Missouri, North Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 558, v, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir558.","productDescription":"v, 12 p.","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":31066,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1968/0558/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124470,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1968/0558/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6aed63","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eisenlohr, William Stewart","contributorId":36533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eisenlohr","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"Stewart","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sloan, Charles E.","contributorId":74364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sloan","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":68342,"text":"ha186 - 1968 - Availability of ground water in parts of the Cairo and Barlow quadrangles in the Jackson Purchase region, Kentucky","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-28T20:00:07.737023","indexId":"ha186","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"186","title":"Availability of ground water in parts of the Cairo and Barlow quadrangles in the Jackson Purchase region, Kentucky","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ha186","usgsCitation":"Hansen, A., 1968, Availability of ground water in parts of the Cairo and Barlow quadrangles in the Jackson Purchase region, Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas 186, 1 Plate: 51.50 × 40.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ha186.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 51.50 × 40.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":409746,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_15549.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":89818,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/186/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":190416,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Kentucky","otherGeospatial":"Barlow quadrangle, Cairo quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.175,\n              37\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.175,\n              37.125\n            ],\n            [\n              -89,\n              37.125\n            ],\n            [\n              -89,\n              37\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.175,\n              37\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ee4b07f02db660589","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hansen, Arnold J.","contributorId":33316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Arnold J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":278065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1785,"text":"wsp1876 - 1968 - Geology and ground-water resources of the lower Bighorn Valley, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:23","indexId":"wsp1876","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1876","title":"Geology and ground-water resources of the lower Bighorn Valley, Montana","docAbstract":"The Bighorn River has incised a deep, broad valley in Cretaceous strata along its 65-mile lower reach below the mouth of Bighorn Canyon in south-central Montana. It ceased downcutting at six different levels 100-200 feet apart, widening its flood plain and alluviating each level with about 30 feet of sandy gravel. These deposits are the only economic source of ground water in large areas of the valley where the underlying bedrock consists of relatively impermeable shale to great depths. Ground water in the alluvium is hard and in the irrigated lowlands is highly mineralized at those places where drainage is slow and discharge by evapotranspiration is great. \r\n\r\nThree bedrock sandstone aquifers are present at moderate depths along three separate reaches of the valley. The sandstones yield soft, moderately to highly mineralized water that contains a high percent sodium. \r\n\r\nWells in alluvial gravel of the irrigated lowlands can yield 100 gallons per minute at many places because the alluvium is fairly permeable and is readily recharged by infiltration of applied irrigation water, canal seepage, and ground water moving into the lowlands from the alluvium of tributary coulees. Seepage from the Two Leggins Canal in the central area probably is large. \r\n\r\nAlluvial gravel deposits have been mantled by thick alluvial and colluvial deposits of silty clay or silt that thin riverward. These fine-grained deposits drain slowly and confine ground water in alluvial gravel under artesian pressure at many places in the irrigated lowlands of the central and southern areas. The piezometric surface is close to the land surface at many places in the central area, and capillary rise and evapotranspiration in waterlogged ground has produced agriculturally harmful alkali deposits. \r\n\r\nWaterlogging of presently irrigated land in the central area will become more widespread if irrigation is extended to higher terraces to the west unless drainage ditches are installed along the base of high-terrace alluvium to intercept increased seepage and spring discharge. Additional provisions also may be required to intercept water moving through the alluvium of coulees.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey; for sale by the Supt. of Docs.] U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1876","usgsCitation":"Hamilton, L.J., and Paulson, Q., 1968, Geology and ground-water resources of the lower Bighorn Valley, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1876, v, 39 p. :illus., maps (1 fold. col. in pocket) ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1876.","productDescription":"v, 39 p. :illus., maps (1 fold. col. in pocket) ;24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":138376,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1876/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":26919,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1876/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26920,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1876/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db6854f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamilton, Louis J.","contributorId":53768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"Louis","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paulson, Q.F.","contributorId":107259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paulson","given":"Q.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70112271,"text":"70112271 - 1968 - Color photographs for water resources studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-27T13:55:48","indexId":"70112271","displayToPublicDate":"1990-06-12T11:34:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3051,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Color photographs for water resources studies","docAbstract":"<p>Air-photo interpretation is very well suited to water resources studies where limited observations of hydrologic data must be extended to regional characteristics for large areas. It is also useful in monitoring the hydrologic regimen of an area to detect possible changes. Color aerial photography is generally superior to black-and-white photography for these water resources investigations. Depth penetration through water, and excellent discrimination of water indicators, such as vegetation, are its -main assets. Meaningful interpretation of the photography depends on adequate ground control data. Experiences of the Water Resources Division, U. S. Geological Survey, indicate that the best interpretation is done by professional personnel-engineers, geologists, and water chemists intimately associated with a particular water resources project for which the photography has been obtained.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Photogrammetry","publisherLocation":"Falls Church, VA","usgsCitation":"Schneider, W.J., 1968, Color photographs for water resources studies: Photogrammetric Engineering, v. 34, no. 3, p. 257-262.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"257","endPage":"262","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288472,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"539acbebe4b0e83db6d08ed6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schneider, William J.","contributorId":47349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70173588,"text":"70173588 - 1968 - Evaporation study at Warm Springs Reservoir, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-22T08:15:39","indexId":"70173588","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":375,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Evaporation study at Warm Springs Reservoir, Oregon","docAbstract":"<p>The mass transfer-water budget method of computing reservoir evaporation was tested on Warm Springs Reservoir, whose contents and surface area change greatly from early spring to late summer. The mass-transfer coefficient computed for the reservoir is two to three times greater than expected and results in a computed evaporation much greater than that from a land pan. Because of the remoteness of the area, the recommended study technique was modified, which could have reduced the accuracy of the results.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Portland, OR","doi":"10.3133/70173588","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Oregon State Engineer","usgsCitation":"Harris, D., 1968, Evaporation study at Warm Springs Reservoir, Oregon: Open-File Report, i, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70173588.","productDescription":"i, 17 p.","numberOfPages":"21","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323086,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70173588.jpg"},{"id":324188,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70173588/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Warm Springs Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.27709197998047,\n              43.57093929750569\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.27709197998047,\n              43.68003923450592\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.20190429687501,\n              43.68003923450592\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.20190429687501,\n              43.57093929750569\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.27709197998047,\n              43.57093929750569\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5757f034e4b04f417c24da79","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harris, D.D.","contributorId":59002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"D.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70114619,"text":"70114619 - 1968 - Ground-water resources of Monmouth County, New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-17T19:43:54","indexId":"70114619","displayToPublicDate":"1970-01-01T11:02:47","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":126,"text":"New Jersey Division of Water Policy and Supply Special Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"23","title":"Ground-water resources of Monmouth County, New Jersey","docAbstract":"<p>Monmouth County includes an area of 538 square miles in east-central New Jersey. The climate is characterized by moderate temperature, moderate humidity, and moderate precipitation.</p>\n<p>The exposed rocks in the area are chiefly sands and clays, which range in age from Late Cretaceous through Recent. The formations strike northeast-southwest and dip gently to the southeast. These rocks range in total thickness from about 500 to 1,200 feet or more and are underlain by basement rocks of late Precambrian (?) age.</p>\n<p>The principal aquifers underlying Monmouth County occur in the Raritan and Magothy Formations, the Englishtown Formation, the Wenonah Formation and Mount Laurel Sand, the Vincentown Formation, and the Kirkwood Formation.</p>\n<p>Ground water constituted about 50 percent of the total water use in 1958. The daily withdrawal of ground water was at an average rate of 21.6 mgd (million gallons per day) in 1958 and about 32 mgd in 1965 (N. J. Division of Water Policy and Supply). The water demand is expected to increase to about 133 mgd by the year 2000. An analysis of streamflow records for the period 1932 to 1950 suggests that, excluding the Raritan and Magothy Formations, the major aquifers that occur under water-table conditions in the county discharge an average of about 178 mgd to streams.</p>\n<p>The aquifers in the Raritan and Magothy Formations contribute little or no water directly to streams in Monmouth County. These aquifers have been the most productive in the county. However, because salt water has been found in the lower parts of these formations in Ocean County, further development should proceed watchfully to assure that salt water does not threaten existing supplies.</p>\n<p>Aquifers in the Raritan and Magothy Formations and the Englishtown Formation supplied 76 percent of the ground water used in 1958. These aquifers, in conjunction with the Wenonah Formation and Mount Laurel Sand of Late Cretaceous age, are capable of providing relatively large yields to wells. The average yield of 63 large-diameter wells tapping these aquifers is 580 gpm, at depths randing from 100 to 1,140 feet. In general, the concentrations of chemical constituents in water from the aquifers would not restrict the use of the water for most purposes. High concentrations of iron do occur and require treatment. The concentrations of dissolved solids in 39 to 41 samples were 160 ppm (parts per million) or less.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"New Jersey Department of Conservation and Economic Development, Division of Water Policy and Supply","collaboration":"Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the State of New Jersey, Department of Conservation and Economic Development, Division of Water Policy and Supply","usgsCitation":"Jablonski, L.A., 1968, Ground-water resources of Monmouth County, New Jersey: New Jersey Division of Water Policy and Supply Special Report 23, ix, 117 p.","productDescription":"ix, 117 p.","numberOfPages":"130","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":290150,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":290149,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70114619/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","county":"Monmouth County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -74.613529,40.07913 ], [ -74.613529,40.478576 ], [ -73.972184,40.478576 ], [ -73.972184,40.07913 ], [ -74.613529,40.07913 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ad40f2e4b0729c154181cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jablonski, Leo A.","contributorId":16324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jablonski","given":"Leo","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70011427,"text":"70011427 - 1968 - Pedogenic formation of montmorillonite from a 2:1-2:2 intergrade clay mineral","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-25T14:39:21","indexId":"70011427","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1245,"text":"Clays and Clay Minerals","onlineIssn":"1552-8367","printIssn":"0009-8604","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pedogenic formation of montmorillonite from a 2:1-2:2 intergrade clay mineral","docAbstract":"<p>Montmorillonite was found to be the dominant clay mineral in surface horizons of certain soils of the North Carolina Coastal Plain whereas a 2:1-2:2 intergrade clay mineral was dominant in subjacent horizons. In all soils where this clay mineral sequence was found, the surface horizon was low in pH (below 4<strong>⋅</strong>5) and high in organic matter content. In contrast, data from studies of other soils of this region (Weed and Nelson, 1962) show that: (1) montmorillonite occurs infrequently; (2) maximum accumulation of the 2:1-2:2 intergrade normally occurs in the surface horizon and decreases with depth in the profile; (3) organic matter contents are low; and (4) pH values are only moderately acid (pH 5-6).</p><p>It is theorized that the montmorillonite in the surface horizon of the soils studied originated by pedogenic weathering of the 2:1-2:2 intergrade clay mineral. The combined effects of low pH (below 4<strong>⋅</strong>5) and high organic matter content in surface horizons are believed to be the agents responsible for this mineral transformation. The protonation and solubilization (reverse of hydrolysis) of Al-polymers in the interlayer of expansible clay minerals will occur at or below pH 4<strong>⋅</strong>5 depending on the charge and steric effects of the interlayer. A low pH alone may cause this solubilization and thus mineral transformation, but in the soils studied the organic matter is believed to facilitate and accelerage the transformation. The intermediates of organic matter decomposition provide an acid environment, a source of protons, and a source of watersoluble mobile organic substances (principally fulvic acids) which have the ability to complex the solubilized aluminum and move it down the profile. This continuous removal of solubilized aluminum would provide for a favorable gradient for aluminum solubilization.</p><p>The drainage class or position in a catena is believed to be less important than the chemical factors in formation of montmorillonite from 2:1-2:2 intergrade, because montmorillonite is present in all drainage classes if the surface horizon is low in pH and high in organic matter.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Clay Minerals Society","doi":"10.1346/CCMN.1969.0160602","usgsCitation":"Malcolm, R., Nettleton, W., and McCracken, R.J., 1968, Pedogenic formation of montmorillonite from a 2:1-2:2 intergrade clay mineral: Clays and Clay Minerals, v. 16, no. 6, p. 405-414, https://doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.1969.0160602.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"405","endPage":"414","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221111,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7629e4b0c8380cd77f6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Malcolm, Ronald L.","contributorId":46075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malcolm","given":"Ronald L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nettleton, W.D.","contributorId":91988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nettleton","given":"W.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCracken, R. J.","contributorId":102205,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCracken","given":"R.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70207279,"text":"70207279 - 1968 - On the maintenance of anomalous fluid pressures: II. Source layer at depth","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-15T16:06:21","indexId":"70207279","displayToPublicDate":"1968-12-31T16:00:33","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the maintenance of anomalous fluid pressures: II. Source layer at depth","docAbstract":"<p><span>Physico-chemical mechanisms have been suggested to account for anomalous fluid pressures in the geologic environment which require a fluid source at depth. The persistence of anomalous pressure is a problem that involves nonsteady fluid flow. The hydrodynamics and particular boundary conditions control the time rate of pressure change and its maintenance. A series of mathematical solutions germane to the maintenance of anomalous pressure caused by the injection of fluids into the system from a source layer are presented. The phase change, gypsum to anhydrite plus water, is used as an example of a fluid source at depth. The thermodynamics of the gypsum-dehydration reaction indicates that conversion will probably occur at shallow depths and produce fluid at a constant rate. The dehydration of montmorillonite will also produce fluids at a constant rate under geologic conditions where the reaction can occur. If horizons of material of low permeability are missing or scarce, it is doubtful that anomalous pore pressures can be maintained for more than a geologic instant. The creation and continuation of anomalous pressure depend largely upon the hydraulic conductivity and, to a lesser extent, upon the specific storage of clay layers within the system. © 1968, The Geological Society of America, Inc.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1968)79[1107:OTMOAF]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Hanshaw, B., and Bredehoeft, J., 1968, On the maintenance of anomalous fluid pressures: II. Source layer at depth: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 79, no. 9, p. 1107-1122, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1968)79[1107:OTMOAF]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"16 p. ","startPage":"1107","endPage":"1122","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":370286,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"79","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanshaw, B.B.","contributorId":25928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanshaw","given":"B.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bredehoeft, J.D.","contributorId":12836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bredehoeft","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70209118,"text":"70209118 - 1968 - O18/O16 ratios of coexisting minerals in glaucophane-bearing metamorphic rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-16T19:45:09.972784","indexId":"70209118","displayToPublicDate":"1968-12-31T11:33:38","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"O<sup>18</sup>/O<sup>16</sup> ratios of coexisting minerals in glaucophane-bearing metamorphic rocks","title":"O18/O16 ratios of coexisting minerals in glaucophane-bearing metamorphic rocks","docAbstract":"<p>Oxygen isotope analyses have been obtained for coexisting minerals in several blue-schist-facies metamorphic rocks from California, Oregon, and New Caledonia. Detailed isotopic studies were made on a continuous exposure of schist in Ward Creek, California, previously described by Coleman and Lee (1962). The oxygen isotope fractionations among coexisting minerals in a variety of rock types, including metasediments and metabasalts, are systematic and larger than those measured in pelitic schists metamorphosed at the grade of biotite zone or higher. Therefore, these Ward Creek rocks (termed Type III) must have formed at lower temperatures than have such pelitic schists.</p><p>Evidence for significant isotopic equilibration and homogenization is observed in the Ward Creek sequence. Six different metasediments and metavolcanics collected within 25 m of one another show almost identical mineral<span>&nbsp;</span><i>δ;</i>-values: quartz (15.8 to 16.3), aragonite (13.1 to 13.3), glaucophane (9.8 to 10.0), muscovite (10.9 to 11.3), lawsonite (9.3 to 9.5), and garnet (8.0 to 8.4), given as per mil enrichment in O<sup>18</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>relative to mean ocean water. These rocks seem to have reached equilibrium at about the same temperature in contact with abundant metamorphic pore fluids.</p><p>Not all the Ward Creek rocks have completely equilibrated with the postulated metamorphic pore fluids. In particular, the metacherts seem to have been relatively impermeable to the aqueous fluids during metamorphism, as indicated by the large<span>&nbsp;</span><i>δ</i>-values of quartz in such rocks (17 to 19.2) and by their appreciably higher Fe<sup>+3</sup>/Fe<sup>+2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>ratios. Gradients in O<sup>18</sup>/O<sup>16</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>and Fe<sup>+3</sup>/Fe<sup>+2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>have been generally “smoothed out” in the rocks during metamorphism, but the process has gone to completion only locally. Cherts and limestones have apparently been lowered in O<sup>18</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>content by 10 to 15 per mil, and the metabasalts are enriched by 3 to 4 per mil over their unmetamorphosed parent rocks.</p><p>Using the calibrated quartz-muscovite and quartz—CaCO<sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>geothermometers, the measured quartz-muscovite and quartz-aragonite fractionations indicate essentially “concordant” temperatures of formation for the Type III rocks of 270° to 315° C. Inasmuch as aragonite is part of the equilibrium assemblage, these rocks must therefore have been metamorphosed at pressures of at least 6.4 to 7.0 kb. Oxygen isotope fractionations for the mineral pairs aragonite-lawsonite, quartz-muscovite, and quartz-glaucophane progressively decrease from Type II (low-grade) through Type III to Type IV (high-grade tectonic blocks) metabasalts.</p><p>The higher-grade blueschists from New Caledonia exhibit quartz-muscovite and quartz-glaucophane fractionations similar to the Type IV metabasalts at Ward Creek, indicating temperatures of formation of 400° to 550° C. Thus, glaucophane-bearing metamorphic rocks apparently form over a temperature range of 200° C to 550° C, encompassing the probable temperature range of the entire greenschist and epidote-amphibolite facies. This suggests that glaucophane schists should be separated into at least two metamorphic facies, a lower-grade, lawsonite-aragonite blueschist facies and a higher-grade, epidote-rutile blueschist facies, both representing higher pressures than are attained during ordinary low-rank and middle-rank regional metamorphism.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1968)79[1727:OROCMI]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Taylor, H.P., and Coleman, R.G., 1968, O18/O16 ratios of coexisting minerals in glaucophane-bearing metamorphic rocks: GSA Bulletin, v. 79, no. 12, p. 1727-1756, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1968)79[1727:OROCMI]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"1727","endPage":"1756","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":373316,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, 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 \"}}]}","volume":"79","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, Hugh P. Jr.","contributorId":101028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Hugh","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":784979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coleman, Robert G.","contributorId":88022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coleman","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":784980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70206900,"text":"70206900 - 1968 - Composition of deeper subsurface waters along the Atlantic continental margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-04T18:53:02.943462","indexId":"70206900","displayToPublicDate":"1968-11-30T11:09:46","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3443,"text":"Southeastern Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Composition of deeper subsurface waters along the Atlantic continental margin","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Department of Geology, Duke University","usgsCitation":"Manheim, F.T., and Horn, M.K., 1968, Composition of deeper subsurface waters along the Atlantic continental margin: Southeastern Geology, v. 9, no. 4, p. 215-236.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"215","endPage":"236","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":369642,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":380989,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://southeasterngeology.org/archives/"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Maryland,  New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -85.341796875,\n              30.031055426540206\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.880859375,\n              24.886436490787712\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.5185546875,\n              24.16680208530324\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.5849609375,\n              25.085598897064752\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.716796875,\n              27.254629577800063\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.8154296875,\n              31.052933985705163\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.41015624999999,\n              35.31736632923788\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.5859375,\n              37.26530995561875\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.4990234375,\n              41.21172151054787\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.70703125,\n              41.244772343082076\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.5634765625,\n              39.027718840211605\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.2119140625,\n              36.94989178681327\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.716796875,\n              33.90689555128866\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.341796875,\n              30.031055426540206\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manheim, Frank T. 0000-0003-4005-4524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4005-4524","contributorId":20770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manheim","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Horn, M. K.","contributorId":220915,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Horn","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70011485,"text":"70011485 - 1968 - Uranium disequilibrium in groundwater: An isotope dilution approach in hydrologic investigations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-05T20:00:55.988607","indexId":"70011485","displayToPublicDate":"1968-11-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Uranium disequilibrium in groundwater: An isotope dilution approach in hydrologic investigations","docAbstract":"<p><span id=\"_mce_caret\" data-mce-bogus=\"1\" data-mce-type=\"format-caret\"><span>The distribution and environmental disequilibrium patterns of naturally occurring uranium isotopes (U</span><sup>234</sup><span>&nbsp;and U</span><sup>238</sup><span>) in waters of the Floridan aquifer suggest that variations in the ratios of isotopic activity and concentrations can be used quantitatively to evaluate mixing proportions of waters from differing sources. Uranium is probably unique in its potential for this approach, which seems to have general usefulness in hydrologic investigations.</span></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.162.3857.997","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Osmond, J., Rydell, H., and Kaufman, M.I., 1968, Uranium disequilibrium in groundwater: An isotope dilution approach in hydrologic investigations: Science, v. 162, no. 3857, p. 997-999, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.162.3857.997.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"997","endPage":"999","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220907,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -87.75892866886728,\n              31.143268810573844\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.62303351734478,\n              30.238600918743856\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.81354821489576,\n              29.00906335007337\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.3323690353631,\n              24.615788803974226\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.6864857441564,\n              24.55462324894998\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.03387638676382,\n              27.87855451506119\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.46928356514647,\n              30.78587593625049\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.75892866886728,\n              31.143268810573844\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"162","issue":"3857","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbda6e4b08c986b32914c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Osmond, J.K.","contributorId":78467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osmond","given":"J.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rydell, H.S.","contributorId":48704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rydell","given":"H.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kaufman, M. I.","contributorId":66847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaufman","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70171538,"text":"70171538 - 1968 - Use of dye tracers to collect hydrologic data in Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-14T12:30:37.551585","indexId":"70171538","displayToPublicDate":"1968-11-27T18:30:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3718,"text":"Water Resources Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-1370","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of dye tracers to collect hydrologic data in Oregon","docAbstract":"<p><span class=\"EXLDetailsDisplayVal\"><span class=\"searchword\">Dye</span>&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">tracers</span>&nbsp;have been used in&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">Oregon</span>&nbsp;in the Collection of&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">hydrologic</span>&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">data</span>&nbsp;on 2,350 miles of stream channels in the Long Tom, Umpqua, Willmette, and John Day River basins, and in the Carmen‐Smith power tunnel. These investigations demonstrated the usefulness, of&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">dye</span>&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">tracers</span>&nbsp;for determining: (1) estimates of traveltimes and travel rates of water, (2) discharge where standard methods of measuring are not applicable, and (3) dispersion characteristics of streams. Illustrations are used to present the results of time‐of‐travel studies in simple, concise, and readily interpreted form.</span><span>&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1968.tb02937.x","issn":"1093-474X","usgsCitation":"Harris, D., and Sanderson, R., 1968, Use of dye tracers to collect hydrologic data in Oregon: Water Resources Bulletin, v. 4, no. 2, p. 51-68, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1968.tb02937.x.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"68","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":322096,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United  States","state":"Oregon","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.93847656250001,\n              46.13417004624326\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.6953125,\n              45.583289756006316\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.00292968749999,\n              46.13417004624326\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.0576171875,\n              46.31658418182218\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.45312499999999,\n              42.84375132629021\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.45312499999999,\n              42.032974332441405\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.02636718749999,\n              42.00032514831621\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.89453125,\n              44.15068115978094\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.24609374999999,\n              44.33956524809713\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.4111328125,\n              45.67548217560647\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.93847656250001,\n              46.13417004624326\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575158bde4b053f0edd03ca2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harris, D.D.","contributorId":59002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"D.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":631698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sanderson, R.B.","contributorId":169982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sanderson","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":631699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70221374,"text":"70221374 - 1968 - Electric‐analog and digital‐computer model analysis of stream depletion by wells","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-11T17:06:43.201817","indexId":"70221374","displayToPublicDate":"1968-11-01T12:03:21","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Electric‐analog and digital‐computer model analysis of stream depletion by wells","docAbstract":"<p>Electric<span>‐</span>analog<span>&nbsp;or&nbsp;</span>digital<span>‐</span>computer<span>&nbsp;models are used to compute the effect of ground‐water withdrawal or recharge on streamflow. The results can be generalized on a map showing lines of equal elapsed time. The lines indicate the time of recharging or discharging that is needed to affect the streamflow by a given fraction of the amount pumped or injected. The generalization is based on the similarity in shape of the relations between pumping time and&nbsp;</span>stream<span>&nbsp;</span>depletion<span>&nbsp;for (1) semi‐infinite homogeneous aquifers drained by a straight, fully penetrating&nbsp;</span>stream<span>, and (2) complex heterogeneous aquifers. Response curves from a&nbsp;</span>model<span>&nbsp;reflect the combined effect of&nbsp;</span>stream<span>&nbsp;sinuosity, irregular impermeable boundaries, areal variation in aquifer properties, and imperfect hydraulic connection between the&nbsp;</span>stream<span>&nbsp;and aquifer. The elapsed‐cime lines are identified by sdf (</span>stream<span>&nbsp;</span>depletion<span>&nbsp;factor) values. These values can be calculated from observations made on an&nbsp;</span>electric<span>‐</span>analog<span>&nbsp;</span>model<span>&nbsp;and then may be used in a&nbsp;</span>digital<span>‐</span>computer<span>&nbsp;program for determining the effects of ground‐water pumping or recharge on streamflow.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"NGWA The Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1968.tb01258.x","usgsCitation":"Jenkins, C., 1968, Electric‐analog and digital‐computer model analysis of stream depletion by wells: Groundwater, v. 6, no. 6, p. 27-34, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1968.tb01258.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"34","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386437,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jenkins, C.T.","contributorId":106099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"C.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70175860,"text":"70175860 - 1968 - Field test results of the Model B panametrics radioisotope gage for monitoring suspended-sediment concentration in rivers and streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T10:40:24","indexId":"70175860","displayToPublicDate":"1968-10-29T13:45:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"Field test results of the Model B panametrics radioisotope gage for monitoring suspended-sediment concentration in rivers and streams","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Federal Inter-Agency Sedimentation Project","usgsCitation":"Skinner, J.V., 1968, Field test results of the Model B panametrics radioisotope gage for monitoring suspended-sediment concentration in rivers and streams, 37 p.","productDescription":"37 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327044,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b82db6e4b03fd6b7da36a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skinner, J. V.","contributorId":32504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skinner","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5221270,"text":"5221270 - 1968 - Mortality among bobwhites confined to a heptachlor contaminated environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-12T16:31:10.916961","indexId":"5221270","displayToPublicDate":"1968-10-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mortality among bobwhites confined to a heptachlor contaminated environment","docAbstract":"<p>The lethal effects of heptachlor on bobwhites (<i>Colinus virginianus</i>) were studied at the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center during 1962 and 1963. A pair of adult birds was placed in each of 32 wire-covered field pens (20 x 50 x 61/2 ft) in May, 1962, and in 36 additional pens in May, 1963. Heptachlor (technical grade on clay granules) was spread in the pens at rates of1/8, 1/4, 1 1/4 and 2 lb/acre. In 1963 the treated pens were thoroughly soaked with a hose before birds were introduced to avoid the possibility of birds pecking granules. Heptachlor at 1 1/4 and 2 lb/acre caused severe mortality among birds introduced successively during the first 15 days after application. Mortality declined rapidly among birds placed in these same pens thereafter and was undetectable after 45 days. Mortality at 1/4 lb/acre was significant only during the first 15 days of the 1962 test. There was no detectable difference in mortality of the sexes. Water applied to the pens followed by fairly heavy rain did not significantly affect mortality.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3799564","usgsCitation":"Kreitzer, J., and Spann, J.W., 1968, Mortality among bobwhites confined to a heptachlor contaminated environment: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 32, no. 4, p. 874-878, https://doi.org/10.2307/3799564.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"874","endPage":"878","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194122,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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W.","contributorId":93435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spann","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1001814,"text":"1001814 - 1968 - Effect of predator reduction on waterfowl nesting success","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-12T16:39:26.323382","indexId":"1001814","displayToPublicDate":"1968-10-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of predator reduction on waterfowl nesting success","docAbstract":"A 6-year study to determine the effect of nest-predator removal on waterfowl nesting success was conducted at the Agassiz National Wildlife Refuge in northwestern Minnesota from 1959 through 1964. Predators were removed from the west side of the Refuge while the east side served as a control area. At the end of 3 years, these areas were reversed to reduce the effects of environmental influences. The effect of predator removal was measured by a simulated nest study to determine predation pressure, a check of natural nest success, and weekly breeding pair and brood counts. Results indicated that 60 percent more Class I ducklings were produced on the units where predator control was conducted. Until more is known, reduction of predators to increase waterfowl nesting success should be limited to intensively managed production areas where substantial nest losses are demonstrated.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3799541","usgsCitation":"Balser, D.S., Dill, H.H., and Nelson, H., 1968, Effect of predator reduction on waterfowl nesting success: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 32, no. 4, p. 669-682, https://doi.org/10.2307/3799541.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"669","endPage":"682","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":133748,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Agassiz National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -96.08062071899535,\n              48.441308663632356\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.08062071899535,\n              48.20707610545438\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.76928748057993,\n              48.20707610545438\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.76928748057993,\n              48.441308663632356\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.08062071899535,\n              48.441308663632356\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"32","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625327","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Balser, D. S.","contributorId":79436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balser","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dill, Herbert H.","contributorId":40547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dill","given":"Herbert","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nelson, H.K.","contributorId":21489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"H.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70221380,"text":"70221380 - 1968 - Hydrogen and oxygen isotope fractionation between ice and water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-11T18:30:07.887758","indexId":"70221380","displayToPublicDate":"1968-10-01T13:26:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2423,"text":"Journal of Physical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrogen and oxygen isotope fractionation between ice and water","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American  Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/j100856a060","usgsCitation":"O’Neil, J.R., 1968, Hydrogen and oxygen isotope fractionation between ice and water: Journal of Physical Chemistry, v. 72, no. 10, p. 3683-3684, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100856a060.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"3683","endPage":"3684","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386443,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Neil, James R.","contributorId":70762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neil","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70221388,"text":"70221388 - 1968 - An aquifer test used to investigate a quality of water anomaly","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-14T12:19:40.957799","indexId":"70221388","displayToPublicDate":"1968-10-01T07:16:46","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An aquifer test used to investigate a quality of water anomaly","docAbstract":"<p><span>An&nbsp;</span>aquifer<span>&nbsp;</span>test<span>&nbsp;and analyses of&nbsp;</span>water<span>&nbsp;samples, showed that the anomalous&nbsp;</span>water<span>&nbsp;</span>quality<span>&nbsp;of&nbsp;</span>a<span>&nbsp;municipal well was caused by leakage from&nbsp;</span>a<span>&nbsp;nearby abandoned well tapping another&nbsp;</span>aquifer<span>.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"NGWA The Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1968.tb01256.x","usgsCitation":"Jorgensen, D.G., 1968, An aquifer test used to investigate a quality of water anomaly: Groundwater, v. 6, no. 6, p. 18-20, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1968.tb01256.x.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"18","endPage":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386453,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jorgensen, Donald G.","contributorId":19537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jorgensen","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70205583,"text":"70205583 - 1968 - Silurian-devonian reef complex near Nowshera, West Pakistan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-27T10:08:16","indexId":"70205583","displayToPublicDate":"1968-09-26T10:01:06","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Silurian-devonian reef complex near Nowshera, West Pakistan","docAbstract":"<p>The first Paleozoic reef belt on the Indo-Pakistan subcontinent has recently been recognized near the town of Nowshera (lat 34°00′ N., long 72°00′ E.) in northern West Pakistan. It consists of nine separate hills aligned in a 15-mile-long, east-west band rising out of the Peshawar alluvial plain. Each hill is composed of one or more reef cores whose thicknesses range from less than 100 feet to more than 700 feet. The reef cores are separated by relatively unfossiliferous carbonate rocks thinner than the reefs.</p><p>The reef belt contains a fauna entirely new to Pakistan that has been dated as Early Devonian to to Late Silurian (Ludlovian to Gedinnian). The reef carbonates are the first sediments of possible Silurian age found anywhere in the country and the southernmost Devonian deposits in West Pakistan.</p><p>Individual reef cores consist of faunal zones or layers that indicate a gradual growth of the reef mass from relatively quiet water upward into rough water.</p><p>The presence of these reefs and correlative fossiliferous carbonate sediments in the Peshawar area suggests that in Silurian and Devonian times much of northern West Pakistan was covered by warm, shallow seas bordered by reefs or containing reef platforms.</p><p>The association of these Paleozoic reefs with extensive deposits of fetid black limestones and porous dolomites may indicate economic potential for the accumulation of oil.</p>","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1968)79[1331:SRCNNW]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Stauffer, K.W., 1968, Silurian-devonian reef complex near Nowshera, West Pakistan: GSA Bulletin, v. 79, no. 10, p. 1331-1350, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1968)79[1331:SRCNNW]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1331","endPage":"1350","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":367726,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Pakistan","otherGeospatial":"Town of Nowshera in northern West Pakistan","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              71.62399291992188,\n              33.7117746375995\n            ],\n            [\n              72.59353637695312,\n              33.7117746375995\n            ],\n            [\n              72.59353637695312,\n              34.31394984163214\n            ],\n            [\n              71.62399291992188,\n              34.31394984163214\n            ],\n            [\n              71.62399291992188,\n              33.7117746375995\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"79","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stauffer, Karl W.","contributorId":20760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stauffer","given":"Karl","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":771738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70221433,"text":"70221433 - 1968 - A fossil assemblage from the wicomico formation in Berkeley County, South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-15T18:16:38.281429","indexId":"70221433","displayToPublicDate":"1968-09-01T13:10:24","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A fossil assemblage from the wicomico formation in Berkeley County, South Carolina","docAbstract":"<p><span>Both megafossils and&nbsp;</span>fossil<span>&nbsp;Foraminifera have been obtained from unconsolidated sediments of the&nbsp;</span>Wicomico<span>&nbsp;</span>Formation<span>, which underlies the Penholoway terrace,&nbsp;</span>a<span>&nbsp;coastal feature that formed when the shoreline of the Atlantic Ocean stood about 70 feet higher than at present. Some of the fossils are Tertiary species and are assumed to have been derived from rocks of that age; the others are species commonly found&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;near-shore deposits of Quaternary age as well as&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;present-day&nbsp;</span>south<span>-Atlantic coastal waters. The Penholoway terrace&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;this area is shown to have been formed during&nbsp;</span>a<span>&nbsp;pause&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;marine regression from the&nbsp;</span>Wicomico<span>&nbsp;stand, when the sea stood near 100 feet. The relation of the&nbsp;</span>Wicomico<span>&nbsp;and Penholoway terraces to other coastal terraces suggests&nbsp;</span>a<span>&nbsp;Yarmouth age for the&nbsp;</span>fossil<span>-yielding beds.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1968)79[1211:AFAFTW]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Colquhoun, D., Herrick, S.M., and Richards, H., 1968, A fossil assemblage from the wicomico formation in Berkeley County, South Carolina: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 79, no. 9, p. 1211-1220, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1968)79[1211:AFAFTW]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1211","endPage":"1220","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386505,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United  States","state":"South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Berkeley County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.474609375,\n              32.03602003973757\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.56298828125,\n              32.03602003973757\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.56298828125,\n              33.43144133557529\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.474609375,\n              33.43144133557529\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.474609375,\n              32.03602003973757\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"79","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colquhoun, D.J.","contributorId":260292,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colquhoun","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herrick, Stephen M.","contributorId":42199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herrick","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Richards, H.G.","contributorId":260293,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Richards","given":"H.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70175446,"text":"70175446 - 1968 - Ground-water flow related to streamflow and water quality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T12:03:05","indexId":"70175446","displayToPublicDate":"1968-08-15T13:15:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground-water flow related to streamflow and water quality","docAbstract":"<p>A ground-water flow system in southwestern Minnesota illustrates water movement between geologic units and between the land surface and the subsurface. The flow patterns indicate numerous zones of ground-water recharge and discharge controlled by topography, varying thicknesses of geologic units, variation in permeabilities, and the configuration of the basement rock surface. Variations in streamflow along a reach of the Yellow Medicine River agree with the subsurface flow system. Increases and decreases in runoff per square mile correspond, apparently, to ground-water discharge and recharge zones. Ground-water quality variations between calcium sulfate waters typical of the Quaternary drift and sodium chloride waters typical of the Cretaceous rocks are caused by mixing of the two water types. The zones of mixing are in agreement with ground-water flow patterns along the hydrologic section.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR004i004p00769","usgsCitation":"Van Voast, W.A., and Novitzki, R., 1968, Ground-water flow related to streamflow and water quality: Water Resources Research, v. 4, no. 4, p. 769-775, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR004i004p00769.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"769","endPage":"775","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326403,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57ada1c7e4b0f412a62dfa7a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Voast, Wayne A.","contributorId":91846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Voast","given":"Wayne","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Novitzki, R.P.","contributorId":73986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Novitzki","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":645257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70221369,"text":"70221369 - 1968 - The non-colloidal origin of 'colloform' textures in sphalerite ores","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-11T16:19:59.632857","indexId":"70221369","displayToPublicDate":"1968-08-01T11:17:15","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The non-colloidal origin of 'colloform' textures in sphalerite ores","docAbstract":"<p><span>\"</span>Colloform<span>\"&nbsp;</span>ores<span>&nbsp;have generally been considered to have been deposited as&nbsp;</span>colloidal<span>&nbsp;sulfide gels, and even transported as&nbsp;</span>colloidal<span>&nbsp;\"sols.\" However, studies of doubly polished plates of \"</span>colloform<span>\"&nbsp;</span>sphalerite<span>-wurtzite assemblages from various deposits reveal crystal growth features that cannot have been formed by crystallization from gels, and indicate that most, and perhaps all, grew directly as minute druses of continuously euhedral crystals projecting into an&nbsp;</span>ore<span>&nbsp;fluid. Each of the many textural criteria proposed for recognizing&nbsp;</span>colloidal<span>&nbsp;deposition is shown to be invalid, ambiguous, or inapplicable to these samples, and perhaps also to most other \"</span>colloform<span>\" mineral samples.Four conclusions pertinent to&nbsp;</span>ore<span>&nbsp;research are derived from this study: (1) Primary fluid inclusions&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;\"</span>colloform<span>\" samples are believed to represent the original&nbsp;</span>ore<span>&nbsp;fluid, not merely a residual fluid from the crystallization of a gel. (2) Although euhedral crystals may possibly grow directly from a sol, several features make a noncolloidal (true solution)&nbsp;</span>ore<span>&nbsp;fluid more probable. (3) Maintenance of the large number of crystal nuclei responsible for the \"</span>colloform<span>\"&nbsp;</span>texture<span>&nbsp;is attributed to relatively high supersaturation, and hence relatively high nucleation and growth rates, for the temperatures involved. (4) Remarkably uniform, regular compositional microbands, traversing many crystals&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;samples from the east Tennessee, Aachen, and particularly the Pine Point deposits, are tentatively interpreted as annual \"varves.\" No actual growth rates have been determined, but each \"varve\" consists of a dark and a light band, outlining sharply euhedral former crystal growth patterns and suggesting an annual change&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;the&nbsp;</span>ore<span>&nbsp;fluid due to dilution with surface waters of varying volume or chemistry (e.g., oxygen or organic content).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.63.5.451","usgsCitation":"Roedder, E., 1968, The non-colloidal origin of 'colloform' textures in sphalerite ores: Economic Geology, v. 63, no. 5, p. 451-471, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.63.5.451.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"451","endPage":"471","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386432,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"63","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1968-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roedder, E.","contributorId":100986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roedder","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70221368,"text":"70221368 - 1968 - Temperature, salinity, and origin of the ore-forming fluids at Pine Point, Northwest Territories, Canada, from fluid inclusion studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-11T15:57:58.424528","indexId":"70221368","displayToPublicDate":"1968-08-01T10:53:30","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temperature, salinity, and origin of the ore-forming fluids at Pine Point, Northwest Territories, Canada, from fluid inclusion studies","docAbstract":"<p><span>Although the&nbsp;</span>Pine<span>&nbsp;</span>Point<span>&nbsp;</span>ore<span>&nbsp;is relatively poor in useable&nbsp;</span>fluid<span>&nbsp;inclusions, some sphalerite crystals from replacements, vugs, and from \" colloform\" crusts were found to contain primary or pseudosecondary liquid-gas inclusions adequate for&nbsp;</span>study<span>. Most (132 of 133) of these had low freezing temperatures, indicating exceedingly saline brines. The 112 inclusions suitable for filling-</span>temperature<span>&nbsp;determination homogenized&nbsp;</span>at<span>&nbsp;+51° to +97° C. A very small pressure correction must be added to obtain the trapping&nbsp;</span>temperature<span>.Dolomite crystals from some of the same vugs contain large numbers of primary inclusions, many of which have leaked. The twenty-three that presumably have not leaked had filling temperatures of 90°-100° C, but somewhat lower salinities. Inclusions in late calcite appeared to have similar gas-liquid ratios, but had still lower salinities.The significance of these data lies in the limitations they place on the choice of possible mechanisms of&nbsp;</span>origin<span>&nbsp;of these large deposits. This choice, in turn, may influence the success in prospecting for blind&nbsp;</span>ore<span>&nbsp;bodies. There is general agreement that the deposits are of Mississippi Valley type. Although the high salinities may reflect solution of salts from evaporites, as are now found to the south, the elevated temperatures seem to require deep circulation, perhaps through known faults in the underlying Pre-cambrian. The densities of these brines, even&nbsp;</span>at<span>&nbsp;their elevated temperatures, are well above that of fresh, cold surface water, thus restricting the possible modes of circulation during&nbsp;</span>ore<span>&nbsp;deposition.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.63.5.439","usgsCitation":"Roedder, E., 1968, Temperature, salinity, and origin of the ore-forming fluids at Pine Point, Northwest Territories, Canada, from fluid inclusion studies: Economic Geology, v. 63, no. 5, p. 439-450, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.63.5.439.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"439","endPage":"450","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386431,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","otherGeospatial":"northwest Canada","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -140.9765625,\n              57.51582286553883\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.14843749999999,\n              57.51582286553883\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.14843749999999,\n              70.8446726342528\n            ],\n            [\n              -140.9765625,\n              70.8446726342528\n            ],\n            [\n              -140.9765625,\n              57.51582286553883\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"63","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1968-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roedder, E.","contributorId":100986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roedder","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70180877,"text":"70180877 - 1968 - Analog simulation of ground-water development of the Saginaw Formation, Lansing metropolitan area, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-22T16:16:20.031731","indexId":"70180877","displayToPublicDate":"1968-07-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":375,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Analog simulation of ground-water development of the Saginaw Formation, Lansing metropolitan area, Michigan","docAbstract":"<p>This report was prepared as a part of the study of the water resources of Clinton, Eaton and Ingham Counties being made for the Tri-County Planning Commission by the Water Resources Division of the U. S. Geological Survey. The report describes one phase of the investigation, that is, the projections of future time-withdrawal-drawdown relationships obtained from an electric analog model study of the Saginaw Formation, the principal aquifer in the Lansing Metropolitan area.</p><p>The study of the Tri-County Region is a part of the continuing program of water resources investigation conducted by the U. S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Geological Survey Division of the Michigan Department of Conservation and other state and local agencies.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70180877","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Tri-County Planning Commission and Michigan Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Vanlier, K., and Wheeler, M., 1968, Analog simulation of ground-water development of the Saginaw Formation, Lansing metropolitan area, Michigan: Open-File Report, ii, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70180877.","productDescription":"ii, 40 p.","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":409544,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70180877/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":334825,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70180877/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"Saginaw Formation","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58999946e4b0efcedb71a0c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vanlier, K.E.","contributorId":24332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vanlier","given":"K.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wheeler, M.L.","contributorId":179105,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wheeler","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70221381,"text":"70221381 - 1968 - An evaluation of some geophysical methods for water exploration in the Piedmont Area by T. J. Joiner, J. C. Warman, and W. L. Scarbrough January‐February, 1968","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-11T18:34:46.099977","indexId":"70221381","displayToPublicDate":"1968-07-01T13:31:34","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An evaluation of some geophysical methods for water exploration in the Piedmont Area by T. J. Joiner, J. C. Warman, and W. L. Scarbrough January‐February, 1968","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"NGWA The Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1968.tb01655.x","usgsCitation":"Zohdy, A.A., 1968, An evaluation of some geophysical methods for water exploration in the Piedmont Area by T. J. Joiner, J. C. Warman, and W. L. Scarbrough January‐February, 1968: Groundwater, v. 6, no. 4, p. 38-39, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1968.tb01655.x.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"38","endPage":"39","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386444,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zohdy, Adel A. R.","contributorId":61799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zohdy","given":"Adel","email":"","middleInitial":"A. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}