The ability to effectively treat parasitic infestations of fish is of high importance for fish culture facilities. However, tools or approved therapies for treating infestations on fish are limited. This paper summarizes results from four separate clinical field studies that evaluated the efficacy of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2; 35% PEROX-AID) for reducing Gyrodactylus spp. infestation density.
Three species of Gyrodactylus were studied (G. salmonis, hosts: Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis and Lake Trout S. namaycush; G. freemani, host: Yellow Perch Perca flavescens; G. hoffmani, host: Fathead Minnow Pimephales promelas) before and after the application of immersion H2O2 therapy.
Parasite density was significantly reduced for each parasite × host combination to which H2O2 therapy was applied. Two clinical field studies in salmonids were found to demonstrate substantial effectiveness that enabled 35% PEROX-AID approval.
Further assessments of Gyrodactylus spp. could expand the use of H2O2 for controlling these parasites in aquaculture. Specifically, H2O2 was effective at all levels tested (50 or 75 mg H2O2/L for 60 min for the Yellow Perch and Fathead Minnow clinical field studies; 100 or 150 mg H2O2/L for 30 min regardless of salt pre-treatment for the Brook Trout study; and 100 mg H2O2/L for 30 min or 50 mg H2O2/L for 60 min for the Lake Trout study).
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/aah.10179","usgsCitation":"Tuttle-Lau, M.T., Leis, E., Cupp, A.R., Peterman, L.L., Hebert, J., Erickson, R.A., Schleis, S.M., and Gaikowski, M., 2023, Efficacy of hydrogen peroxide to reduce Gyrodactylus species infestation density on four fish species: Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, v. 35, no. 2, p. 64-77, https://doi.org/10.1002/aah.10179.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"64","endPage":"77","ipdsId":"IP-140025","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498032,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aah.10179","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":419882,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tuttle-Lau, Maren T.","contributorId":146196,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tuttle-Lau","given":"Maren","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":880242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leis, Eric","contributorId":179325,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leis","given":"Eric","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":880243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cupp, Aaron R. 0000-0001-5995-2100 acupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5995-2100","contributorId":5162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cupp","given":"Aaron","email":"acupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":880244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peterman, Laura Lynne 0000-0001-6976-4138","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6976-4138","contributorId":328472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterman","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"Lynne","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":880245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hebert, Jillian 0000-0003-4893-8287","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4893-8287","contributorId":297917,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hebert","given":"Jillian","affiliations":[{"id":39297,"text":"former U.S. Geological Survey employee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":880246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Erickson, Richard A. 0000-0003-4649-482X rerickson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4649-482X","contributorId":5455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erickson","given":"Richard","email":"rerickson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":880247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schleis, Susan M. 0000-0002-9396-7856","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9396-7856","contributorId":298489,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schleis","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":64592,"text":"former UMESC employee (retired)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":880248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gaikowski, Mark P. 0000-0002-6507-9341 mgaikowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6507-9341","contributorId":149357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaikowski","given":"Mark P.","email":"mgaikowski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":880249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70247752,"text":"70247752 - 2023 - Becoming an actionable scientist: Challenges, competency, and the development of expertise","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-23T16:03:46.419134","indexId":"70247752","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-11T06:44:08","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Becoming an actionable scientist: Challenges, competency, and the development of expertise","docAbstract":"Demand has grown for actionable science to support real-world decision-making around climate change and related environmental management challenges. Producing actionable science requires scientists to hold a distinct set of competencies, yet relatively little is known about what these competencies are or how to train scientists to develop them. We conducted interviews with mid- and late-career scientists to empirically identify competencies they used when producing actionable science and to understand how they developed those competencies. We describe expertise in terms of 18 competencies—categorised as cognitive, interpersonal, or intrapersonal—that scientists integrated and applied to address the challenges associated with actionable science. We argue that scientists must engage in the social process of producing actionable science (i.e., learning by doing) to become an expert. Expert actionable scientists discussed the importance of learning through different contexts, processes, interactions, and relationships. By naming the competencies that constitute expertise, as well as methods for expertise development, our findings facilitate greater conscious awareness of the process of becoming an actionable scientist, a gradual process that starts during graduate training and continues as a career proceeds. Our results can inform the development of formal learning opportunities as well as the informal learning process that occurs whereby scientists take charge of their own learning.
The allometric scaling of predators and their prey is well established within snakes (i.e., gape-width limits maximum prey sizes). However, while some species exhibit ontogenetic shifts to larger prey as they grow, others exhibit telescoping prey selection and continue to consume small prey in addition to larger prey. The Burmese python (Python bivittatus) is a large dietary generalist constrictor native to Southeast Asia that is established in South Florida (USA). As part of survey efforts at the southern invasion front in the Florida Keys, we used camera traps to document predation on endangered Key Largo cotton mice (Peromyscus gossypinus allapaticola) by an adult female Burmese python. These images represent the first photo documentation of predation attempts upon a federally endangered species in the python's invasive range, but we note three additional instances of Key Largo cotton mice in the gut contents of euthanized pythons from Key Largo. These observations suggest Burmese pythons exhibit telescoping prey selection behavior where even small rodents (<30 g) are viable prey for adult snakes. However, based on the number of documented strikes with failed predation events and low frequency of occurrence in gut contents, we suspect mice may be less common prey items for adult (i.e., >185 cm SVL) pythons relative to cotton mouse abundance in the environment. However, we also documented endangered Key Largo woodrats (Neotoma floridana smalli) and Key Largo cotton mice collecting and consuming the shed skins of pythons, which suggests the two rodent species remain naïve to the threat of these invasive predators. Further understanding of the impact of Burmese pythons on native prey communities can help inform efforts to minimize biodiversity loss along their invasion fronts.
Dam removal is used increasingly to restore aquatic ecosystems and remove unnecessary or high-risk infrastructure. As the number of removals increases, there is a growing understanding about the hydrologic, geomorphic, and ecological responses to these removals. Most dam removal studies, however, focus on river and watershed responses to dam removal. The removal of two dams on the Elwha River provided a unique opportunity to characterize the response of nearshore (coastal) ecosystems. We conducted SCUBA surveys between 2011 and 2022 to quantify trajectories of change in a nearshore ecosystem during and after dam removal. We focused on the degree to which the abundances of kelp, benthic invertebrates, and fish changed in response to patterns of sediment fluxes during and after dam removal. Our findings point to two pathways of response depending on the disturbance mechanism and species type. Sites with persistent sediment deposition were characterized by wholesale community changes that did not recover to a before dam removal condition. Instead, the sites were colonized by new species that were largely absent prior to dam removal. Sites that experienced high turbidity but lacked persistent seafloor deposition were primarily characterized by a reduction in the abundance of kelp and other algae during dam removal and a rapid recovery after sediment flux to the nearshore declined. Dam removal influences on invertebrates and fish at these sites were more variable, benefiting some species and disadvantaging others. In addition to dam removal, sea star wasting syndrome and a marine heatwave exerted distinct controls on subtidal communities during the same period. The loss of the predatory sea star Pycnopodia helianthoides was associated with gains in some of its prey species, and kelp community changes reflected regional trends in ocean temperature and kelp abundance. The results presented here have important implications for understanding the response of marine ecosystems to future dam removals and similar sediment perturbation events.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media","doi":"10.3389/fevo.2023.1233895","usgsCitation":"Rubin, S.P., Foley, M.M., Miller, I.M., Stevens, A.W., Warrick, J.A., Berry, H.D., Elder, N.E., Beirne, M.M., and Gelfenbaum, G., 2023, Nearshore subtidal community response during and after sediment disturbance associated with dam removal: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, v. 11, 1233895, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2023.1233895.","productDescription":"1233895, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-154198","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442454,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2023.1233895","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435228,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9NCE4FE","text":"USGS data 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Modrak","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-04T17:17:06.606966","indexId":"70251835","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-10T11:09:07","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10542,"text":"The Seismic Record","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comment on \"Multi-Event explosive seismic source for the 2022 Mw 6.3 Hunga Tonga submarine volcanic eruption\" by Julien Thurin, Carl Tape, and Ryan Modrak","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0320230003","usgsCitation":"Pollitz, F., Garza-Giron, R., and Lay, T., 2023, Comment on \"Multi-Event explosive seismic source for the 2022 Mw 6.3 Hunga Tonga submarine volcanic eruption\" by Julien Thurin, Carl Tape, and Ryan Modrak: The Seismic Record, v. 3, no. 3, p. 210-2014, https://doi.org/10.1785/0320230003.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"210","endPage":"2014","ipdsId":"IP-149376","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442457,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0320230003","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":426238,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Tonga","otherGeospatial":"Pacific Ocean","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 179.9,\n 15.707465011804047\n ],\n [\n 139.84794943809027,\n 20.668627791297567\n ],\n [\n 143.4623513761436,\n -40.646297636757645\n ],\n [\n 179.9,\n -39.74397803815904\n ],\n [\n 179.9,\n 15.707465011804047\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -179.9,\n 16.290847903689155\n ],\n [\n -179.9,\n -39.1693171545614\n ],\n [\n -150,\n -39.1693171545614\n ],\n [\n -150,\n 17.303337805258792\n ],\n [\n -179.9,\n 16.290847903689155\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"3","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pollitz, Frederick 0000-0002-4060-2706 fpollitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4060-2706","contributorId":139578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollitz","given":"Frederick","email":"fpollitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":895781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garza-Giron, Ricardo","contributorId":334466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garza-Giron","given":"Ricardo","affiliations":[{"id":6948,"text":"UC Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":895782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lay, Thorne","contributorId":334467,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lay","given":"Thorne","affiliations":[{"id":6948,"text":"UC Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":895783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70248046,"text":"70248046 - 2023 - Rangeland Ecosystem Services: Connecting nature and people","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-01T15:17:08.428257","indexId":"70248046","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-10T09:55:37","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"title":"Rangeland Ecosystem Services: Connecting nature and people","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Range Management","usgsCitation":"Goodwin, J., Porensky, L., Meiman, P., Wilmer, H., Derner, J., Iovanna, R., Monlezun, A.C., Vandever, M.W., Griggs, J., Price, F., Spiegal, S., Padilla, N., Voth, D., Maher, A., O'Connor, R., Hoover, D., Pluhar, J., Estep, C., and Fox, W., 2023, Rangeland Ecosystem Services: Connecting nature and people, 42 p.","productDescription":"42 p.","ipdsId":"IP-143263","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":420413,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://rangelands.org/rangelands-provide-five-ecosystem-services/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":420415,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goodwin, 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Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Conservation decision support for Silver Chub habitat in Lake Erie","docAbstract":"Conservation and restoration of aquatic species is difficult, especially for rare species, because their habitats are typically disturbed, obscuring the natural ability of the habitat to support each species. The Lake Erie population of Silver Chub Macrhybopsis storeriana struggles to sustain itself in a habitat disturbed by a wide spectrum of anthropogenic factors. Application of multiple model predictions can provide indications of conservation or restoration opportunities for this species.
A combination of models that predict the best potential for Lake Erie habitat to support Silver Chub and the effects of anthropogenic disturbances on that population were used to identify habitat conditions throughout the western aquatic lake unit.
As many as 76 combinations of best habitat potential and disturbance conditions were present, but the best opportunities occurred in <12% of the study area. Some of the best protection opportunities were farthest offshore, and extensive areas of least disturbed habitat for restoration were near the southern and western shores. The location-specific model predictions provide fine-scale decision support for Silver Chub habitat protection or restoration.
The approach applied here may help identify compatibilities among species to achieve the desirable fish community for Lake Erie and reconcile conflicting management actions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/nafm.10843","usgsCitation":"McKenna, J.E., 2023, Conservation decision support for Silver Chub habitat in Lake Erie: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 43, no. 5, p. 1151-1165, https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10843.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1151","endPage":"1165","ipdsId":"IP-137742","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":419749,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Michigan, Ohio, Ontario","otherGeospatial":"Lake Erie","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.90370229732227,\n 41.50076537943562\n ],\n [\n -82.56348384906306,\n 41.989542296201876\n ],\n [\n -82.63835267762897,\n 42.04516549693972\n ],\n [\n -82.95186589725073,\n 41.98606423085357\n ],\n [\n -83.12032076152461,\n 42.093795884914755\n ],\n [\n -83.10160355438312,\n 42.26024574328264\n ],\n [\n -83.17179308116394,\n 42.235999094028784\n ],\n [\n -83.190510288306,\n 42.08337822384061\n ],\n [\n -83.46190979185857,\n 41.87118148731366\n ],\n [\n -83.53677862042505,\n 41.68624000731879\n ],\n [\n -83.30749283294051,\n 41.59531904873529\n ],\n [\n -83.0454519329587,\n 41.38150113199248\n ],\n [\n -82.62899407405826,\n 41.34286871970326\n ],\n [\n -81.90370229732227,\n 41.50076537943562\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKenna, James E. Jr. 0000-0002-1428-7597 jemckenna@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1428-7597","contributorId":195894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenna","given":"James","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jemckenna@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":880015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70247691,"text":"70247691 - 2023 - Seventy questions of importance to the conservation of the North Central grasslands of the United States in a changing climate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-11T15:43:38.310904","indexId":"70247691","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-10T09:15:38","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5803,"text":"Conservation Science and Practice","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seventy questions of importance to the conservation of the North Central grasslands of the United States in a changing climate","docAbstract":"Successful conservation of ecosystems in a changing climate requires actionable research that directly supports the rethinking and revising of management approaches to address changing risks and opportunities. As an important first step toward actionable research, we reviewed and synthesized grassland management-related documents to identify broadly shared questions that, if answered, would help to support collective conservation of the grasslands in the northern Great Plains of the United States in a changing climate. A Management Priorities Working Group reviewed 183 grassland-relevant management documents and identified 70 questions. Feedback was iteratively provided by a Climate and Ecology Working Group, an Advisory Committee, and representatives from grassland management agencies and organizations. The identified questions generally fall under 15 topics: land conversion; restoration; disturbance regimes; woody encroachment; herbaceous invasives; grazing; water quality, quantity, and availability; animal species; private land; public understanding; legal and policy changes; economic incentives; coordination across management entities; accessibility of science and tools; and novel ways of thinking. These questions can inform a research agenda for researchers looking to conduct actionable science in the Great Plains grassland ecosystems. Both the approach and the questions presented here can also be adapted and applied in other regions and ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Conservation Biology","doi":"10.1111/csp2.12998","usgsCitation":"Miller Hesed, C.D., Yocum, H.M., Cross, M.S., Bamzai-Dodson, A., Wheeler, B., Beckmann, J.P., Ahlering, M., Hall, K.R., Boyd-Valandra, E., Mosher, D., Miller, B.W., and Jaffe, S., 2023, Seventy questions of importance to the conservation of the North Central grasslands of the United States in a changing climate: Conservation Science and Practice, v. 5, no. 9, e12998, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.12998.","productDescription":"e12998, 23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-148847","costCenters":[{"id":40927,"text":"North Central Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442462,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.12998","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":419745,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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MT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":880042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bamzai-Dodson, Aparna 0000-0002-2444-9051","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2444-9051","contributorId":303866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bamzai-Dodson","given":"Aparna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40927,"text":"North Central Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":880043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wheeler, Ben 0000-0002-7896-6740","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7896-6740","contributorId":304187,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wheeler","given":"Ben","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":65996,"text":"Pheasants Forever Inc. and Quail Forever","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":880044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Beckmann, Jon 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Rhodamine water tracer (WT) dye served as the solute in a field experiment, and was introduced over 4.5 h and monitored for 4 days by sondes moored in the reservoir. The scenario was modeled numerically using the Delft3D flexible mesh (FM) hydrodynamic and mixing model, with measured inflows, outflows, water level, water temperatures, and bathymetry as input. Manning’s
The occurrence of pharmaceutical compounds (hereinafter referred to as “pharmaceuticals”) in surface water that recharges the San Antonio segment of the Edwards aquifer in south-central Texas is of concern with respect to potential effects on groundwater quality. This study, conducted during June 2018–August 2020 by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the San Antonio Water System, used a source-to-sink approach (that is, from aquifer recharge to aquifer discharge) to compare the occurrences and concentrations of pharmaceuticals in recharging (losing) streams to those in relatively shallow and relatively deep groundwater. Individual pharmaceutical concentrations in surface water were all less than 200 nanograms per liter, and most were less than 50 nanograms per liter. The two most common pharmaceuticals in surface water were metformin (50-percent detection frequency) and caffeine (25-percent detection frequency). In contrast to surface-water sites, few detections of pharmaceuticals above the detection limit were quantified at groundwater sites. On the basis of studied sample sites that are considered to be representative of the Edwards aquifer recharge zone, groundwater results collectively indicate that pharmaceuticals currently (2020) do not substantially impair water quality in the shallow unconfined part of the Edwards aquifer. Although groundwater pharmaceutical detections were not common, two detections of acetaminophen occurred in samples collected from a relatively deep confined part of the aquifer, indicating that this part of the aquifer is potentially vulnerable to pharmaceutical contamination. The near absence of wastewater treatment plant discharges and Texas Land Application Permit facilities within the drainage areas of streams in this study could explain reduced inputs of pharmaceuticals relative to pesticides on the Edwards aquifer recharge zone and their reduced occurrence in unconfined groundwater. In the western part of the study area, numerous pharmaceutical detections in the Frio River indicate that pharmaceutical sources in rural areas also exist with potential water-quality effects. Although reported pharmaceutical concentrations for the San Antonio segment of the Edwards aquifer are currently (2020) low, ongoing development in the region has the potential to increase contaminant loads, including for pharmaceuticals.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20235069","issn":"2328-0328","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the San Antonio Water System","usgsCitation":"Opsahl, S.P., and Musgrove, M., 2023, Occurrence of pharmaceutical compounds in the San Antonio segment of the Edwards (Balcones fault zone) aquifer, south-central Texas, June 2018–August 2020: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2023–5069, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235069.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 31 p.; Dataset","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-135756","costCenters":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":419667,"rank":5,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20235069/full","description":"SIR 2023-5069 HTML"},{"id":419601,"rank":6,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"USGS water data for the Nation—U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System database"},{"id":419599,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5069/sir20235069.XML","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"},"description":"SIR 2023-5069 XML"},{"id":419598,"rank":2,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5069/images"},{"id":419546,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5069/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":419547,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5069/sir20235069.pdf","size":"8.26 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2023-5069"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Edwards aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.96490888716819,\n 30.162167400384334\n ],\n [\n -100.55099171184453,\n 30.162167400384334\n ],\n [\n -100.55099171184453,\n 28.99078942671082\n ],\n [\n -97.96490888716819,\n 28.99078942671082\n ],\n [\n -97.96490888716819,\n 30.162167400384334\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1505 Ferguson Lane
Austin, TX 78754–4501
A new species of encyrtid wasp, Ooencyrtus pitosina Polaszek, Noyes & Fusu sp. n., (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae: Encyrtinae) is described as a gregarious parasitoid in the eggs of the endemic Samoan swallowtail butterfly Papilio godeffroyi (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) in the Samoan archipelago. It is described here because it is an important natural enemy of this butterfly, and to facilitate identification for future work with this parasitoid and its host.
","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0288306","usgsCitation":"Polaszek, A., Noyes, J., Lugli, E., Schmaedick, M., Peck, R., Banko, P.C., and Fusu, L., 2023, Ooencyrtus pitosina (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae)–A natural enemy of Samoan swallowtail butterfly Papilio godeffroyi (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae): PLoS ONE, v. 18, no. 8, e0288306, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288306.","productDescription":"e0288306, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-151649","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442468,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288306","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":419892,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"American Samoa","otherGeospatial":"Tutuila Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -170.5479745945281,\n -14.211795172366578\n ],\n [\n -170.85124653357516,\n -14.211795172366578\n ],\n [\n -170.85124653357516,\n -14.3876752038625\n ],\n [\n -170.5479745945281,\n -14.3876752038625\n ],\n [\n -170.5479745945281,\n -14.211795172366578\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Polaszek, Andrew","contributorId":328501,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Polaszek","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37250,"text":"Natural History Museum, London","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":880442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noyes, John","contributorId":328502,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Noyes","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37250,"text":"Natural History Museum, London","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":880443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lugli, Elena","contributorId":328503,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lugli","given":"Elena","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":78381,"text":"Core Research Laboratories, Natural History Museum, London","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":880444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schmaedick, Mark","contributorId":140009,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmaedick","given":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":13353,"text":"American Samoa Community College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":880445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Peck, Robert W. 0000-0002-8739-9493","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8739-9493","contributorId":193088,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peck","given":"Robert W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":880446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Banko, Paul C. 0000-0002-6035-9803 pbanko@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6035-9803","contributorId":3179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banko","given":"Paul","email":"pbanko@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":880447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fusu, Lucian","contributorId":328505,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fusu","given":"Lucian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":78383,"text":"Cuza University, Iasi, Romania","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":880448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70257359,"text":"70257359 - 2023 - Prey ration, temperature, and predator species influence digestion rates of prey DNA inferred from qPCR and metabarcoding","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-23T17:08:42.832471","indexId":"70257359","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-09T10:00:05","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2776,"text":"Molecular Ecology Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prey ration, temperature, and predator species influence digestion rates of prey DNA inferred from qPCR and metabarcoding","docAbstract":"Diet analysis is a vital tool for understanding trophic interactions and is frequently used to inform conservation and management. Molecular approaches can identify diet items that are impossible to distinguish using more traditional visual-based methods. Yet, our understanding of how different variables, such as predator species or prey ration size, influence molecular diet analysis is still incomplete. Here, we conducted a large feeding trial to assess the impact that ration size, predator species, and temperature had on digestion rates estimated with visual identification, qPCR, and metabarcoding. Our trial was conducted by feeding two rations of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) to two piscivorous fish species (largemouth bass [Micropterus salmoides] and channel catfish [Ictalurus punctatus]) held at two different temperatures (15.5 and 18.5°C) and sacrificed at regular intervals up to 120 h from the time of ingestion to quantify the prey contents remaining in the digestive tract. We found that ration size, temperature, and predator species all influenced digestion rate, with some indication that ration size had the largest influence. DNA-based analyses were able to identify salmon smolt prey in predator gut samples for much longer than visual analysis (~12 h for visual analysis vs. ~72 h for molecular analyses). Our study provides evidence that modelling the persistence of prey DNA in predator guts for molecular diet analyses may be feasible using a small set of controlling variables for many fish systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1755-0998.13849","usgsCitation":"Dick, C., Larson, W., Karpan, K., Baetscher, D.S., Shi, Y., Sethi, S., Fangue, N., and Henderson, M., 2023, Prey ration, temperature, and predator species influence digestion rates of prey DNA inferred from qPCR and metabarcoding: Molecular Ecology Resources, v. 00, p. 1-17, https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-0998.13849.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"17","ipdsId":"IP-148203","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442471,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-0998.13849","text":"External Repository"},{"id":433116,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"00","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dick, Cory","contributorId":342431,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dick","given":"Cory","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7067,"text":"Humboldt State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Larson, Wesley A.","contributorId":342433,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larson","given":"Wesley A.","affiliations":[{"id":37482,"text":"National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Karpan, Kirby","contributorId":342435,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karpan","given":"Kirby","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37482,"text":"National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baetscher, Diana S.","contributorId":342437,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baetscher","given":"Diana","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":37482,"text":"National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shi, Yue","contributorId":342439,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shi","given":"Yue","affiliations":[{"id":17717,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sethi, Suresh 0000-0002-0053-1827 ssethi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0053-1827","contributorId":191424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sethi","given":"Suresh","email":"ssethi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":910105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fangue, Nann A.","contributorId":342441,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fangue","given":"Nann A.","affiliations":[{"id":16975,"text":"University of California Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Henderson, Mark J. 0000-0002-2861-8668 mhenderson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2861-8668","contributorId":198609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henderson","given":"Mark J.","email":"mhenderson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":910107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70252793,"text":"70252793 - 2023 - Application of the technology readiness levels framework to natural resource management tools","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-05T14:57:41.408788","indexId":"70252793","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-09T09:55:37","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1657,"text":"Fisheries","onlineIssn":"1548-8446","printIssn":"0363-2415","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Application of the technology readiness levels framework to natural resource management tools","docAbstract":"Technology advancements in fisheries science can provide useful tools to support natural resource management and conservation. However, new technologies may also present challenges for decision makers due to the lack of a standardized process to assess technologies for consideration within management plans. Future technology development in fishery and water resources could benefit from a framework that assigns an appropriate technology development stage and defines the readiness for implementation. Technology Readiness Levels (TRL) are one established research and development scale used throughout engineering and related disciplines that could be applied to natural resource management tools. The TRL assess the maturity of a technology from nascent idea through a fully developed technology. Steps within this scale could provide a general framework for researchers to follow when planning and conducting studies, while similarly providing a standard scale for resource managers to assess readiness for technology transfer and implementation. The goal of this paper is to describe TRL in the context of natural resource management tools and offer this existing framework as one option to facilitate communication between researchers and managers.
","language":"English","publisher":"American fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/fsh.10982","usgsCitation":"Cupp, A.R., Fritts, A.K., Brey, M.K., Woodley, C., Smith, D., Cornish, M., McGovern, A., Simmonds, R., and Jackson, N., 2023, Application of the technology readiness levels framework to natural resource management tools: Fisheries, v. 48, no. 11, p. 474-479, https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh.10982.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"474","endPage":"479","ipdsId":"IP-153278","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442473,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh.10982","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":427515,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cupp, Aaron R. 0000-0001-5995-2100 acupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5995-2100","contributorId":5162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cupp","given":"Aaron","email":"acupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":898233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fritts, Andrea K. 0000-0003-2142-3339","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2142-3339","contributorId":204594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fritts","given":"Andrea","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":898234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brey, Marybeth K. 0000-0003-4403-9655 mbrey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4403-9655","contributorId":187651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brey","given":"Marybeth","email":"mbrey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":898235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Woodley, Christa M.","contributorId":301986,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woodley","given":"Christa M.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, David 0000-0001-6074-9257","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6074-9257","contributorId":1989,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":898237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cornish, Mark","contributorId":203379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cornish","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McGovern, Amy","contributorId":335384,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGovern","given":"Amy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":80390,"text":"USFWS Regional Office","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Simmonds, Rob","contributorId":317890,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Simmonds","given":"Rob","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":68344,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Jackson, Neal","contributorId":203382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jackson","given":"Neal","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70248274,"text":"70248274 - 2023 - Visitation to national parks in California shows annual and seasonal change during extreme drought and wet years","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-06T13:46:49.08371","indexId":"70248274","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-09T08:41:42","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":16703,"text":"PLOS Climate","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Visitation to national parks in California shows annual and seasonal change during extreme drought and wet years","docAbstract":"This study examines the influence of drought indicators on recreational visitation patterns to National Park Service units in California (USA) from 1980 to 2019. We considered mountain, arid, and coastal park types across a climate gradient where seasonal recreational opportunities are directly or indirectly dependent on water resources. Significant departures from the normal hydroclimate, reflected by drought or unusually wet conditions, can lead visitors to change their behavior, including recreating at a different time or place. Drought conditions can facilitate earlier seasonal access at higher elevation parks, but displace visitors in other seasons and parks. Wetter-than-average conditions can displace visitors due to snowpack or flooding, but also facilitate other activities. We found a decrease in annual visitation at popular mountain parks including Yosemite (-8.6%) and Sequoia and Kings Canyon (-8.2%) during extreme drought years due to lower-than-average attendance in peak summer and fall months. Extreme wet years also had significantly reduced annual visitation in Sequoia and Kings (-8.5%) and Lassen Volcanic (-13.9%) due to declines in spring and summer use as snowpack restricts road access. For arid parks, drought status did not have a statistically significant effect on annual visitation, although extreme drought led to less use during the hottest months of summer at Death Valley, and extreme wet conditions at Pinnacles led to less visitation throughout the year (-16.6%), possibly from impacts to infrastructure associated with flooding. For coastal park units, extreme drought led to year-round higher levels of use at Redwood (+27.7%), which is typically wet, and less year-round use at Channel Islands (-23.6%), which is relatively dry, while extreme wet years led to higher levels of annual use at Channel Islands (+29.4%). Collectively, these results indicate the effect of extreme drought or wet years on park visitation varies by park depending on geography and recreational activities offered.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pclm.0000260","usgsCitation":"Jenkins, J.S., Abatzoglou, J.T., Wilkins, E.J., and Perry, E.E., 2023, Visitation to national parks in California shows annual and seasonal change during extreme drought and wet years: PLOS Climate, v. 2, no. 8, e0000260, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000260.","productDescription":"e0000260, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-143303","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442476,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000260","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":420561,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-09T17:36:47.99778","indexId":"fs20233032","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-09T07:34:31","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2023-3032","displayTitle":"Predicting Water Quality in the Clark Fork near Grant-Kohrs Ranch National Historic Site, Southwestern Montana","title":"Predicting water quality in the Clark Fork near Grant-Kohrs Ranch National Historic Site, southwestern Montana","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) provides a wide range of streamflow, groundwater, and water-quality data to Government, commercial, academic, and public users. The USGS has a record of success with using optical turbidity sensors to predict suspended-sediment concentrations in rivers and streams. Turbidity sensors collect backscatter signals from suspended particles in water, which can be accurately measured and linked closely to hazardous contaminants that travel on the surfaces of suspended particles. Contaminant concentrations derived from the statistical relations between turbidity and contaminants like copper and lead can then be measured in real-time.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20233032","usgsCitation":"Ellison, C.A., 2023, Predicting water quality in the Clark Fork near Grant-Kohrs Ranch National Historic Site, southwestern Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2023–3032, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20233032.","productDescription":"Report: 4 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-149634","costCenters":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499691,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_115178.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":419659,"rank":6,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/fs20233032/full"},{"id":419605,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2023/3032/fs20233032.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2023–3032"},{"id":419604,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2023/3032/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":419606,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2023/3032/fs20233032.XML"},{"id":419607,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2023/3032/images"},{"id":419608,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9330BXM","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Water quality and streamflow data for the Clark Fork near Grant-Kohrs Ranch National Historic Site in southwestern Montana, water years 2019–2020"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Clark Fork, Grant-Kohrs Ranch National Historic Site","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.8301717989599,\n 46.5276604287545\n ],\n [\n -112.8301717989599,\n 46.38873569479347\n ],\n [\n -112.66374787281434,\n 46.38873569479347\n ],\n [\n -112.66374787281434,\n 46.5276604287545\n ],\n [\n -112.8301717989599,\n 46.5276604287545\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center
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Given the endemic nature of pollen throughout the environment, the impact upon human health, and the need for more extensive and better measurements of pollen in the USA, a preliminary project within the National Atmospheric Deposition Program’s (NADP) National Trends Network (NTN) was developed. Pollen was measured in ambient air by several methods and in precipitation wet deposition samples at three monitoring sites in the NTN. A method for counting pollen on filters was developed and provided pollen counts for NADP atmospheric wet-deposition samples and high-volume ambient air samplers (HVAS) for comparison with co-located traditional National Allergy Bureau microscopy samples and a commercially available pollen sensor (PS) counting method during the 2021 pollen season. The goals of this project were to test the potential of available air-monitoring infrastructures to obtain improved spatial measurements of aeroallergens, compare pollen counting results from the various methods, and to determine the suitability of using wet deposition samples for pollen collection. The onset and senescence of pollen seasons for general categories of genera compared favorably for each method at each site, indicating that pollen monitoring using wet-deposition and ambient air sampling filters could provide useful information to inform scientific studies, but not likely for public health objectives. Pollen counts were log transformed for Pearson product moment correlation. Tree pollen counts were correlated at all sites for daily PS data and traditional counting data (R = 0.69–0.84), but statistical correlations between methods for grass and weed pollen were weak (0.40 < R < 0.60) or considered not correlated (R < 0.40). Total pollen counts in NADP precipitation samples were correlated with traditional and PS counts at only one of three sites. Pollen counts for the weekly HVAS filter samples were correlated with PS counts for trees (R = 0.62) and with NAB counts for trees (R = 0.68) and weeds (R = 0.72). Correlations in the data between methods suggest that, given further methods development, a variety of techniques could be integrated to expand and enhance existing pollen monitoring networks. Improved ambient air and atmospheric deposition sampling methods specifically targeted for pollen capture and analysis could support the collection of accurate and efficient meaningful aeroallergen data from existing atmospheric monitoring networks.
Over the past decade, an abundance of 16S rRNA gene surveys have provided microbiologists with data regarding the prokaryotes present in a coral-associated microbial community. Functional gene studies that provide information regarding what those microbes might do are fewer, particularly for non-tropical corals. Using the GeoChip 5.0S microarray, we present a functional gene study of microbiomes from five species of cold-water corals collected from depths of 296–1567 m. These species included two octocorals, Acanthogorgia aspera and Acanthogorgia spissa, and three stony corals: Desmophyllum dianthus, Desmophyllum pertusum (formerly Lophelia pertusa), and Enallopsammia profunda. A total of 24,281 gene sequences (representing different microbial taxa) encoding for 383 functional gene families and representing 9 metabolic gene categories were identified. Gene categories included metabolism of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur, as well as virulence, organic remediation, metal homeostasis, secondary metabolism and phylogeny. We found that microbiomes from Acanthogorgia spp. were the most functionally distinct but also least diverse compared against those from stony corals. Desmophyllum spp. microbiomes were more similar to each other than to E. profunda. Of 383 total gene families detected in this study, less than 20% were significantly different among these deep-water coral species. Similarly, out of 59 metabolic sub-categories for which we were able to make a direct comparison to microbiomes of tropical corals, only 7 were notably different: anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox), chitin degradation, and dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) degradation, all of which had higher representations in deep-water corals; and chromium homeostasis/resistance, copper homeostasis/resistance, antibiotic resistance, and methanogenesis, all of which had higher representation in tropical corals. This implies a broad-scale convergence of the microbial functional genes present within the coral holobiont, independent of coral species, depth, symbiont status, and morphology.
Using a geology-based assessment methodology, the U.S. Geological Survey estimated undiscovered, technically recoverable mean continuous resources of 0.8 billion barrels of oil and 16 trillion cubic feet of gas in the Upper Jurassic Smackover Formation of the onshore U.S. Gulf Coast region.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20233021","programNote":"National and Global Petroleum Assessment","usgsCitation":"Whidden, K.J., Birdwell, J.E., Gardner, R.D. Kinney, S.A., Paxton, S.T., Pitman, J.K., and Schenk, C.J., 2023, Assessment of continuous oil and gas resources in the Upper Jurassic Smackover Formation of the onshore U.S. Gulf Coast, 2022: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet, 2023–3021, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20233021.","productDescription":"Report: 4 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-142174","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":419215,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9VUEV4S","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"USGS Gulf Coast Geologic Energy Assessments and Research Project-Upper Jurassic Smackover Formation Continuous Resources: Assessment Unit Boundaries, Assessment Input Data, and Fact Sheet Data Tables"},{"id":419711,"rank":6,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/fs20233021/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"FS 2023-3021"},{"id":419603,"rank":5,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2023/3021/fs20233021.xml"},{"id":419203,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2023/3021/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":419205,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2023/3021/fs20233021.pdf","text":"Report","size":"960 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2023-3021"},{"id":419602,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2023/3021/images"},{"id":499687,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_115127.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.63954266217267,\n 33.987977712674066\n ],\n [\n -100.05858425781297,\n 27.930954901716802\n ],\n [\n -83.70971819105422,\n 29.49496018600658\n ],\n [\n -86.11747118404872,\n 32.090935524736096\n ],\n [\n -99.63954266217267,\n 33.987977712674066\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Energy Resources Science Center
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Sociality directly influences mating success, survival rates, and disease, but ultimately likely evolved for its fitness benefits in a challenging environment. The tradeoffs between the costs and benefits of sociality can operate at multiple scales, resulting in different interpretations of animal behavior. We investigated the influence of intrinsic (e.g., relatedness, age) and extrinsic factors (e.g., land cover type, season) on direct contact (simultaneous GPS locations ≤ 25 m) rates of bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) at multiple scales near the Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park. During 2002–2012, male and female bighorn were equipped with GPS collars. Indirect contact (GPS locations ≤ 25 m regardless of time) networks identified two major breaks whereas direct contact networks identified an additional barrier in the population, all of which corresponded with prior disease exposure metrics. More direct contacts occurred between same-sex dyads than female-male dyads and between bighorn groups with overlapping summer home ranges. Direct contacts occurred most often during the winter-spring season when bighorn traveled at low speeds and when an adequate number of bighorn were collared in the area. Direct contact probabilities for all dyad types were inversely related to habitat quality, and differences in contact probability were driven by variables related to survival such as terrain ruggedness, distance to escape terrain, and canopy cover. We provide evidence that probabilities of association are higher when there is greater predation risk and that contact analysis provides valuable information for understanding fitness tradeoffs of sociality and disease transmission potential.
","language":"English","publisher":"PeerJ Inc.","doi":"10.7717/peerj.15625","usgsCitation":"Tosa, M., Biel, M., and Graves, T.A., 2023, Bighorn sheep associations: Understanding tradeoffs of sociality and implications for disease transmission: PeerJ, v. 11, e15625, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15625.","productDescription":"e15625, 28 p.","ipdsId":"IP-097793","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442484,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15625","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435230,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9ANTBOF","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Glacier Waterton International Peace Park bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis), 2002-2012"},{"id":419710,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alberta, British Columbia, Montana","otherGeospatial":"Blackfeet Indian Reservation, Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.21954038442665,\n 49.16160622487246\n ],\n [\n -113.83879589961161,\n 48.6100611857764\n ],\n [\n -112.89302799949076,\n 48.57343225752126\n ],\n [\n -113.59820762202632,\n 49.252735925458836\n ],\n [\n -114.21954038442665,\n 49.16160622487246\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tosa, Marie","contributorId":317263,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tosa","given":"Marie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":878870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Biel, Mark","contributorId":317264,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Biel","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":68985,"text":"GNP","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":878871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Graves, Tabitha A. 0000-0001-5145-2400 tgraves@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5145-2400","contributorId":5898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graves","given":"Tabitha","email":"tgraves@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":878872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70249411,"text":"70249411 - 2023 - The blue carbon reservoirs from Maine to Long Island, NY","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-10T15:33:18.522773","indexId":"70249411","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-08T10:23:52","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"The blue carbon reservoirs from Maine to Long Island, NY","docAbstract":"In response to the New England Governor and Eastern Canadian Premier 2017 Climate Change Action Plan recommendation to “manage blue carbon resources to preserve and enhance their existing carbon reservoirs,” the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) convened a New England Blue Carbon Inventory Workgroup, comprised of a variety of federal, state, academic, and non-profit organizations to develop an inventory of blue carbon stocks from Maine to Long Island, New York. The Workgroup focused its inventory efforts on salt marshes and eelgrass meadows, leveraging existing habitat maps for geographic data. Existing data for soil organic carbon stocks were then used to calculate blue carbon stock estimates. For visual display purposes, sediment carbon heat maps were developed to highlight areas of greatest carbon accumulation. The habitat distribution and sediment carbon heat maps can be accessed on the Northeast Ocean Data Portal (www.northeastoceandata.org/eelgrass) which is a public source of expert-reviewed, interactive maps and data on the ocean ecosystem, economy, and culture of the northeastern United States and can be used to facilitate decision making by government agencies, tribal nations, businesses, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), academic institutions, and individuals. Based on available data and Workgroup calculations, the target geographic area has an estimated 218,222 acres of eelgrass meadows, salt marsh and saline Phragmites, which are estimated to provide a reservoir of 7,523,568 megagrams of blue carbon, or the equivalent to the annual carbon emissions from over 5,944,024 passenger vehicles. Due to data limitations, the carbon stock estimate represents a mere fraction of the actual quantity of accumulated carbon in these habitats. The findings from the Workgroup’s efforts and the resulting map products can help inform land and coastal management policies, fisheries management, and climate change mitigation practices. Further refinements and expansion of data are needed, including more detailed habitat maps, deeper soil core data for soil organic carbon content, and inclusion of more marine flora into calculations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Colarusso, P., Libohova, Z., Shumchenia, E., Eagle, M.J., Christian, M., Vincent, R., and Johnson, B., 2023, The blue carbon reservoirs from Maine to Long Island, NY, 31 p.","productDescription":"31 p.","ipdsId":"IP-146585","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":421823,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":421698,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.northeastoceandata.org/files/metadata/Themes/Habitat/EPABlueCarbonReport.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Rhode Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -67.61511760727777,\n 45.22754478031186\n ],\n [\n -69.46772958832273,\n 44.45391256542621\n ],\n [\n -70.41808310369574,\n 44.0249641018155\n ],\n [\n -71.18235185260586,\n 43.43128866248264\n ],\n [\n -71.38130070335747,\n 41.926291445574776\n ],\n [\n -72.88727252479508,\n 41.59585766120409\n ],\n [\n -74.23639888538038,\n 41.298612606793824\n ],\n [\n -74.24300744809933,\n 40.29712569967327\n ],\n [\n -72.41592450378879,\n 40.62059607271837\n ],\n [\n -69.64618289257739,\n 41.250157632666884\n ],\n [\n -69.77860402969628,\n 42.24177812265074\n ],\n [\n -70.24692368777268,\n 42.525861412000836\n ],\n [\n -70.24992804020442,\n 43.441149255128096\n ],\n [\n -67.02233592375215,\n 44.65254677637256\n ],\n [\n -67.61511760727777,\n 45.22754478031186\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colarusso, Philip D.","contributorId":218700,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colarusso","given":"Philip D.","affiliations":[{"id":6784,"text":"US EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":885521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Libohova, Zamir","contributorId":330648,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Libohova","given":"Zamir","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":63834,"text":"United States Department of Agriculture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":885522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shumchenia, Emily","contributorId":330649,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shumchenia","given":"Emily","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":78947,"text":"Northeast Regional Ocean Council","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":885523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eagle, Meagan J. 0000-0001-5072-2755 meagle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5072-2755","contributorId":242890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagle","given":"Meagan","email":"meagle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":885524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Christian, Megan","contributorId":330651,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christian","given":"Megan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":63834,"text":"United States Department of Agriculture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":885525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Vincent, Robert","contributorId":330652,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vincent","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12444,"text":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":885526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Johnson, Beverly","contributorId":330653,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Beverly","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":33413,"text":"Bates College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":885527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70247801,"text":"70247801 - 2023 - Evolutionary fire ecology: An historical account and future directions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-18T11:50:47.619613","indexId":"70247801","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-08T06:50:06","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":997,"text":"BioScience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evolutionary fire ecology: An historical account and future directions","docAbstract":"The idea that fire acts as an evolutionary force contributing to shaping species traits started a century ago, but had not been widely recognized until very recently. Among the first to realize this force were Edward B. Poulton, R. Dale Guthrie, and Edwin V. Komarek in animals and Willis L. Jepson, Walter W. Hough, Tom M. Harris, Philip V. Wells, and Robert W. Mutch in plants. They were all ahead of their time in their evolutionary thinking. Since then, evolutionary fire ecology has percolated very slowly into the mainstream ecology and evolutionary biology; in fact, this topic is still seldom mentioned in textbooks of ecology or evolution. Currently, there is plenty of evidence suggesting that we cannot understand the biodiversity of our planet without considering the key evolutionary role of fire. But there is still research to be done in order to fully understand fire's contribution to species evolution and to predicting species responses to rapid global changes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/biosci/biad059","usgsCitation":"Pausas, J.G., and Keeley, J., 2023, Evolutionary fire ecology: An historical account and future directions: BioScience, biad059, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biad059.","productDescription":"biad059, 7 p.","ipdsId":"IP-151839","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442489,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biad059","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":419922,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pausas, Juli G.","contributorId":197439,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pausas","given":"Juli","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":880500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keeley, Jon 0000-0002-4564-6521","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":216485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":880501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70247684,"text":"70247684 - 2023 - Fuel treatments in shrublands experiencing pinyon and juniper expansion result in trade-offs between desired vegetation and increased fire behavior","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-11T16:24:22.45893","indexId":"70247684","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-07T09:32:15","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1636,"text":"Fire Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fuel treatments in shrublands experiencing pinyon and juniper expansion result in trade-offs between desired vegetation and increased fire behavior","docAbstract":"Native pinyon (Pinus spp.) and juniper (Juniperus spp.) trees are expanding into shrubland communities across the Western United States. These trees often outcompete with native sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) associated species, resulting in increased canopy fuels and reduced surface fuels. Woodland expansion often results in longer fire return intervals with potential for high severity crown fire. Fuel treatments are commonly used to prevent continued tree infilling and growth and reduce fire risk, increase ecological resilience, improve forage quality and quantity, and/or improve wildlife habitat. Treatments may present a trade-off; they restore shrub and herbaceous cover and decrease risk of canopy fire but may increase surface fuel load and surface fire potential. We measured the accumulation of surface and canopy fuels over 10 years from ten sites across the Intermountain West in the Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project woodland network (www.SageSTEP.org), which received prescribed fire or mechanical (cut and drop) tree reduction treatments. We used the field data and the Fuel Characteristic Classification System (FCCS) in the Fuel and Fire Tools (FFT) application to estimate surface and canopy fire behavior in treated and control plots in tree expansion phases I, II, and III.
Increased herbaceous surface fuel following prescribed fire treatments increased the modeled rate of surface fire spread (ROS) 21-fold and nearly tripled flame length (FL) by year ten post-treatment across all expansion phases. In mechanical treatments, modeled ROS increased 15-fold, FL increased 3.8-fold, and reaction intensity roughly doubled in year ten post-treatment compared to pretreatment and untreated controls. Treatment effects were most pronounced at 97th percentile windspeeds, with modeled ROS up to 82 m min−1 in mechanical and 106 m min−1 in prescribed fire treatments by 10 years post-treatment compared to 5 m min−1 in untreated controls. Crown fire transmissivity risk was eliminated by both fuel treatments.
While prescribed fire and mechanical treatments in shrublands experiencing tree expansion restored understory vegetation and prevented continued juniper and pinyon infilling and growth, these fuel treatments also increased modeled surface fire behavior. Thus, management tradeoffs occur between desired future vegetation and wildfire risk after fuel treatments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1186/s42408-023-00201-7","usgsCitation":"Williams, C.L., Ellsworth, L., Strand, E., Reeves, M.C., Shaff, S.E., Short, K., Chambers, J., Newingham, B., and Tortorelli, C., 2023, Fuel treatments in shrublands experiencing pinyon and juniper expansion result in trade-offs between desired vegetation and increased fire behavior: Fire Ecology, v. 19, 46, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-023-00201-7.","productDescription":"46, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-154672","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442492,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-023-00201-7","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":419748,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada, Oregon, Utah","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.242321499979,\n 37.26614922694803\n ],\n [\n -111.73150627380747,\n 40.33982762810214\n ],\n [\n -117.02080093108165,\n 40.473878098349985\n ],\n [\n -116.74789132368525,\n 38.56409342781134\n ],\n [\n -112.242321499979,\n 37.26614922694803\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.35613130086793,\n 41.4092957538588\n ],\n [\n -117.52494090332212,\n 43.41419744406673\n ],\n [\n -120.12652755099501,\n 45.42305748463039\n ],\n [\n -122.07668627870967,\n 43.86124338845653\n ],\n [\n -121.35613130086793,\n 41.4092957538588\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, Claire L.","contributorId":328374,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Claire","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":880021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ellsworth, Lisa M.","contributorId":328375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ellsworth","given":"Lisa M.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":880022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Strand, Eva","contributorId":328376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Strand","given":"Eva","affiliations":[{"id":36394,"text":"University of Idaho","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":880023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reeves, Matt C.","contributorId":328377,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reeves","given":"Matt","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":36400,"text":"US Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":880024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shaff, Scott E. 0000-0001-8978-9260","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8978-9260","contributorId":219813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaff","given":"Scott","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":880025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Short, Karen","contributorId":328378,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Short","given":"Karen","affiliations":[{"id":36400,"text":"US Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":880026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Chambers, Jeanne C.","contributorId":328379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chambers","given":"Jeanne C.","affiliations":[{"id":36400,"text":"US Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":880027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Newingham, Beth","contributorId":328380,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Newingham","given":"Beth","affiliations":[{"id":6758,"text":"USDA-ARS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":880028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Tortorelli, Claire","contributorId":328381,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tortorelli","given":"Claire","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12711,"text":"UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":880029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70249617,"text":"70249617 - 2023 - Salinization and sedimentation drive contrasting assembly mechanisms of planktonic and sediment-bound bacterial communities in agricultural streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-16T16:08:11.965666","indexId":"70249617","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-07T09:15:32","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Salinization and sedimentation drive contrasting assembly mechanisms of planktonic and sediment-bound bacterial communities in agricultural streams","docAbstract":"Agriculture is the most dominant land use globally and is projected to increase in the future to support a growing human population but also threatens ecosystem structure and services. Bacteria mediate numerous biogeochemical pathways within ecosystems. Therefore, identifying linkages between stressors associated with agricultural land use and responses of bacterial diversity is an important step in understanding and improving resource management. Here, we use the Mississippi Alluvial Plain (MAP) ecoregion, a highly modified agroecosystem, as a case study to better understand agriculturally associated drivers of stream bacterial diversity and assembly mechanisms. In the MAP, we found that planktonic bacterial communities were strongly influenced by salinity. Tolerant taxa increased with increasing ion concentrations, likely driving homogenous selection which accounted for ~90% of assembly processes. Sediment bacterial phylogenetic diversity increased with increasing agricultural land use and was influenced by sediment particle size, with assembly mechanisms shifting from homogenous to variable selection as differences in median particle size increased. Within individual streams, sediment heterogeneity was correlated with bacterial diversity and a subsidy-stress relationship along the particle size gradient was observed. Planktonic and sediment communities within the same stream also diverged as sediment particle size decreased. Nutrients including carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, which tend to be elevated in agroecosystems, were also associated with detectable shifts in bacterial community structure. Collectively, our results establish that two understudied variables, salinity and sediment texture, are the primary drivers of bacterial diversity within the studied agroecosystem, whereas nutrients are secondary drivers. Although numerous macrobiological communities respond negatively, we observed increasing bacterial diversity in response to agricultural stressors including salinization and sedimentation. Elevated taxonomic and phylogenetic bacterial diversity likely increases the probability of detecting community responses to stressors. Thus, bacteria community responses may be more reliable for establishing water quality goals within highly modified agroecosystems that have experienced shifting baselines.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gcb.16905","usgsCitation":"DeVilbiss, S.E., Taylor, J.M., and Hicks, M.B., 2023, Salinization and sedimentation drive contrasting assembly mechanisms of planktonic and sediment-bound bacterial communities in agricultural streams: Global Change Biology, v. 29, no. 19, p. 5615-5633, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16905.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"5615","endPage":"5633","ipdsId":"IP-147797","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442494,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16905","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":421998,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi Alluvial Plain ecoregion","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.5140953224701,\n 31.05055950304515\n ],\n [\n -90.8551102985312,\n 32.36507651262579\n ],\n [\n -89.83254733034994,\n 33.34811466354185\n ],\n [\n -89.71892922277418,\n 33.94399111104305\n ],\n [\n -90.08250716701652,\n 35.020996431931664\n ],\n [\n -90.25293432837982,\n 34.97445988995358\n ],\n [\n -90.4347233005013,\n 34.82536524774929\n ],\n [\n -90.54834140807708,\n 34.67600021318641\n ],\n [\n -90.61651227262215,\n 34.376461081479576\n ],\n [\n -90.76421581247044,\n 34.29202179657514\n ],\n [\n -90.95736659534946,\n 34.13229367636508\n ],\n [\n -91.0255374598945,\n 33.91570969239025\n ],\n [\n -91.15051737822778,\n 33.54719821260997\n ],\n [\n -91.11643194595524,\n 33.06291844822118\n ],\n [\n -91.13915556747027,\n 32.709900045262685\n ],\n [\n -90.95736659534946,\n 32.38426808119267\n ],\n [\n -91.57090437625834,\n 31.361530547535793\n ],\n [\n -91.6731606730759,\n 31.0213536083742\n ],\n [\n -91.5140953224701,\n 31.05055950304515\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeVilbiss, Stephen E.","contributorId":316291,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeVilbiss","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36658,"text":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taylor, Jason M.","contributorId":100678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":886464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hicks, Matthew B. 0000-0001-5516-0296 mhicks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5516-0296","contributorId":3778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hicks","given":"Matthew","email":"mhicks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70247476,"text":"70247476 - 2023 - Why are larger fish farther upstream? Testing multiple hypotheses using Silver Chub in two Midwestern United States riverscapes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-07T15:27:31.071457","indexId":"70247476","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-07T06:59:04","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Why are larger fish farther upstream? Testing multiple hypotheses using Silver Chub in two Midwestern United States riverscapes","docAbstract":"Three competing hypotheses might explain the widely documented intrapopulation larger-fish-upstream phenomenon. The age-phased recruitment hypothesis posits that fish spawn downstream and move upstream as they age and grow, the static population with growth and mortality gradients hypothesis posits that fish spawn throughout a riverscape and growth is greater upstream while recruitment is greater downstream, and the colonization cycle hypothesis posits that fish spawn upstream, larvae drift downstream, and individuals move upstream as they age and grow.
We tested for the larger-fish-upstream pattern using populations of Silver Chub Macrhybopsis storeriana in the Arkansas and Ohio rivers, as well as investigated longitudinal variation in reproductive investment (Arkansas River), age structure for adult fish (Arkansas River), and number and occurrence of age-0 fish (Ohio River).
The larger-fish-upstream pattern was temporally persistent in both riverscapes. In the Arkansas River, reproductive investment was greatest upstream, where initiation of spawning likely occurred based on gonadosomatic indices. Adult fish were most numerous in the Arkansas River 125–175 km upstream from Kaw Reservoir, with age-2 fish numbers peaking farther upstream compared with age-1 fish. In the Ohio River, age-0 fish counts increased downstream and were rare among the shortest river fragments (<100 km) between lock-and-dam structures. These findings are inconsistent with the age-phased recruitment hypothesis based on upstream spawning in the Arkansas River and inconsistent with the static population with growth and mortality gradients hypothesis based on virtual absence of age-2 fish downstream (Arkansas River) and age-0 fish upstream (Ohio River). The most likely explanation for longitudinal variation in Silver Chub size distribution is downstream drift of ichthyoplankton followed by net upstream movement (i.e., colonization cycle hypothesis), but formal assessments of movement and ova characteristics require more research.
Managing multidimensional riverscapes requires insight into the mechanisms that regulate upstream-to-downstream patterns in fish populations, and our work underscores a potential size-related benefit to maintaining broadscale longitudinal connectivity.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/nafm.10903","usgsCitation":"Perkin, J., Kocovsky, P.M., Steffensmeier, Z.D., and Gido, K.B., 2023, Why are larger fish farther upstream? Testing multiple hypotheses using Silver Chub in two Midwestern United States riverscapes: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 43, no. 5, p. 1225-1245, https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10903.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1225","endPage":"1245","ipdsId":"IP-137978","costCenters":[{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":419658,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Arkansas River, Ohio River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.13429431625079,\n 42.033412294725736\n ],\n [\n -89.83662411202006,\n 38.68964800967032\n ],\n [\n -90.424027695692,\n 36.14679269166915\n ],\n [\n -80.71262443169684,\n 38.24466463362809\n ],\n [\n -79.88744096795848,\n 40.15147528018017\n ],\n [\n -80.13429431625079,\n 42.033412294725736\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.08402461622501,\n 38.05521661406516\n ],\n [\n -98.10568817604296,\n 36.76504675151496\n ],\n [\n -96.73029240586655,\n 36.49642782881216\n ],\n [\n -96.73029240586655,\n 38.12463929495229\n ],\n [\n -98.08402461622501,\n 38.05521661406516\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perkin, Joshuah S.","contributorId":238286,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perkin","given":"Joshuah S.","affiliations":[{"id":47708,"text":"Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kocovsky, Patrick M. 0000-0003-4325-4265 pkocovsky@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4325-4265","contributorId":3429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kocovsky","given":"Patrick","email":"pkocovsky@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":251,"text":"Ecosystems Mission Area","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":879822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Steffensmeier, Zachary D 0000-0003-3323-5968","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3323-5968","contributorId":317973,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Steffensmeier","given":"Zachary","email":"","middleInitial":"D","affiliations":[{"id":6747,"text":"Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gido, Keith B.","contributorId":198487,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gido","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":879824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}