No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr02311","usgsCitation":"Palmer, C., Dennen, K., Kolker, A., Finkelman, R.F., and Bullock, J.H., 2002, Chemical analysis and modes of occurrence of selected trace elements in a coal sample from eastern Kentucky coal bed: White Creek Mine, Martin County, Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-311, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02311.","productDescription":"38 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":165771,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0311/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":67748,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0311/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kentucky","county":"Martin County","otherGeospatial":"White Creek Mine","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e1e4b07f02db5e4948","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Palmer, Curtis A.","contributorId":46967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palmer","given":"Curtis A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dennen, Kris","contributorId":48617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dennen","given":"Kris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kolker, Allan 0000-0002-5768-4533 akolker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5768-4533","contributorId":643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolker","given":"Allan","email":"akolker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Finkelman, Robert F.","contributorId":39032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finkelman","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bullock, John H. Jr.","contributorId":105316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullock","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":39937,"text":"wri024155 - 2002 - Simulation of ground-water flow and delineation of areas contributing recharge within the Mt. Simon-Hinckley aquifer to well fields in the Prairie Island Indian Community, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-15T22:40:32.903136","indexId":"wri024155","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4155","title":"Simulation of ground-water flow and delineation of areas contributing recharge within the Mt. Simon-Hinckley aquifer to well fields in the Prairie Island Indian Community, Minnesota","docAbstract":"The Prairie Island Indian Community in east-central Minnesota uses ground water from the Mt. Simon-Hinckley aquifer as its source of water supply. Tribal officials implemented a Source Water Protection Program to protect the quality of this water. Areas of contributing recharge were delineated for two community well fields. At well field A are two wells 325 m apart, and at well field B are two wells 25 m apart.
\nA steady state single layer, two-dimensional ground-water flow model constructed with the computer program MODFLOW,combined with the particle-tracking computer program MODPATH, was used to track water particles (upgradient) from the two well fields. A withdrawal rate of 625 m3/d was simulated for each well field. The ground-water flow paths delineated areas of contributing recharge that are 0.38 and 0.65 km2 based on 10- and 50-year travel times, respectively. The flow paths that define these areas extend for maximum distances of about 350 and 450 m, respectively, from the wells. At well field A the area of contributing recharge was delineated for each well as separate withdrawal points. At well field B the area of contributing recharge was delineated for the two wells as a single withdrawal point. Delineation of areas of contributing recharge to the well fields from land surface would require construction of a multi-layer ground-water flow model.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Mounds View, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri024155","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Prairie Island Indian Community","usgsCitation":"Ruhl, J.F., 2002, Simulation of ground-water flow and delineation of areas contributing recharge within the Mt. Simon-Hinckley aquifer to well fields in the Prairie Island Indian Community, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4155, iv, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024155.","productDescription":"iv, 11 p.","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319950,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri024155.JPG"},{"id":410593,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_52076.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":3636,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri024155/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Prairie Island Indian Community","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.74967193603516,\n 44.72161261650277\n ],\n [\n -92.74143218994139,\n 44.72112472940125\n ],\n [\n -92.735595703125,\n 44.718441276800455\n ],\n [\n -92.73147583007812,\n 44.715513732021336\n ],\n [\n -92.72598266601561,\n 44.71063416158254\n ],\n [\n -92.72083282470703,\n 44.708194222078845\n ],\n [\n -92.71430969238281,\n 44.70453411996814\n ],\n [\n -92.70675659179688,\n 44.70136184427433\n ],\n [\n -92.70435333251953,\n 44.69745726633335\n ],\n [\n -92.69920349121094,\n 44.692088041727814\n ],\n [\n -92.69268035888672,\n 44.68940324274227\n ],\n [\n -92.68753051757812,\n 44.68476556953855\n ],\n [\n -92.68341064453125,\n 44.68085987253033\n ],\n [\n -92.67757415771484,\n 44.674512553303565\n ],\n [\n -92.67105102539061,\n 44.67011784807231\n ],\n [\n -92.66487121582031,\n 44.665966987139186\n ],\n [\n -92.65422821044922,\n 44.662060022960524\n ],\n [\n -92.64907836914062,\n 44.6579085850145\n ],\n [\n -92.6425552368164,\n 44.654977979262924\n ],\n [\n -92.63534545898438,\n 44.65107027453459\n ],\n [\n -92.62779235839844,\n 44.64618527335058\n ],\n [\n -92.62195587158203,\n 44.640078443319275\n ],\n [\n -92.61817932128906,\n 44.634703901140064\n ],\n [\n -92.60822296142577,\n 44.63250508131394\n ],\n [\n -92.59757995605469,\n 44.62761851676016\n ],\n [\n -92.59174346923828,\n 44.62273154079542\n ],\n [\n -92.58419036865234,\n 44.61857728775424\n ],\n [\n -92.57904052734375,\n 44.61222314933524\n ],\n [\n -92.57560729980469,\n 44.60757930079818\n ],\n [\n -92.5704574584961,\n 44.60586831563671\n ],\n [\n -92.56633758544922,\n 44.60440171681476\n ],\n [\n -92.62950897216797,\n 44.55940804127347\n ],\n [\n -92.63912200927734,\n 44.55989729015127\n ],\n [\n -92.64633178710938,\n 44.560386534915104\n ],\n [\n -92.65422821044922,\n 44.563566525601935\n ],\n [\n -92.66246795654297,\n 44.56625715119098\n ],\n [\n -92.66727447509766,\n 44.567969302679685\n ],\n [\n -92.6700210571289,\n 44.57065972462637\n ],\n [\n -92.6700210571289,\n 44.575061964828144\n ],\n [\n -92.67173767089844,\n 44.58215376200718\n ],\n [\n -92.83481597900389,\n 44.66865287227321\n ],\n [\n -92.74967193603516,\n 44.72161261650277\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a75e4b07f02db644b58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruhl, J. F.","contributorId":81866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruhl","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":39936,"text":"wri20024153 - 2002 - Hydrogeology and water quality of the Upper Three Runs aquifer in the vicinity of the Gibson Road Landfill, Fort Gordon, Georgia, June-November 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-12T12:19:34.148998","indexId":"wri20024153","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4153","title":"Hydrogeology and water quality of the Upper Three Runs aquifer in the vicinity of the Gibson Road Landfill, Fort Gordon, Georgia, June-November 1999","docAbstract":"Fort Gordon military installation, a U.S. Department of the Army facility, is located in east-central Georgia southwest of Augusta. The military base operates a three-phase unlined landfill—Gibson Road Landfill— to store a variety of wastes. Phases I and II stored only household wastes, and these phases were discontinued during the mid–1990s. Fort Gordon currently (1999) operates Phase III of the landfill that stores only construction and demolition debris. Water-quality monitoring detected selected trace elements and organic compounds exceeding the maximum contaminant levels of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Primary Drinking Water Standards. The selected trace elements and organic compounds detected showed that contamination of ground water had occurred in the vicinity of the landfill. In 1999, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Environmental and Natural Resources Management Office of the U.S. Army Signal Center and Fort Gordon, Georgia, began an assessment of the hydrogeology and water quality in shallow ground water in the vicinity of the Gibson Road Landfill to delineate the extent of a ground-water contamination plume in the vicinity of the landfill.
Hydrogeologic units in the Augusta area include the Upper Three Runs aquifer, the Gordon aquifer, the Millers Pond aquifer, and the Dublin aquifer. Only the shallowest aquifer, Upper Three Runs, was penetrated during this study. The Upper Three Runs aquifer is composed of sediments of the Barnwell Group. Mostly, these sediments are highly permeable fine to medium, well-sorted sand with lenses of clay.
Ground-water flow is from northwest to southeast and generally was unaffected by seasonal variation during the period of study (June–November 1999). Water-table altitudes in the landfill area for the study period ranged from 394 feet (ft) to 445 ft above sea level. Ground-water samples analyzed for organic compounds and selected trace elements by a U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) approved statistical test revealed that increases in contaminant concentrations above the detection limits had occurred during March and September 1999 in five wells—one of which is located upgradient. These organic compounds, respective increases in concentration, and the wells in which they were detected are: methylene chloride—wells 28AA29 (24 parts per billion [ppb] and 46 ppb), 28AA30 (86 ppb and 130 ppb), and 28AA31 (240 ppb and 140 ppb); 1,1-dichloroethene—well 28AA31 (10 ppb and 5.7 ppb); 1,1-dichloroethane— wells 28AA30 (81 ppb and 140 ppb) and 28AA31 (200 ppb and 130 ppb); and 1,1,1-trichloroethane—well 28AA31 (61 ppb and 37 ppb). Although in some wells the concentration decreased from March to September, the median concentrations were still higher in certain groups. Trace element compounds, their respective increases in concentration, and the wells in which they were detected are: chromium—well 28AA30 (1,190 ppb), vanadium—well 28AA30 (104 ppb); barium—wells 28AA27 (42.2 ppb) and 28AA32 (140 ppb), and beryllium—well 28AA30 (6.3 ppb). These increases occurred in September, with the exception of chromium in well 28AA30, which occurred in March. Although a statistical test indicated increases in contaminant concentrations had occurred, water from wells 28AA27, 28AA30, 28AA31, and 28AA32 had a decrease in contaminant concentrations from February 1998 to September 1999.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Primary Drinking Water Regulations Maximum Contaminant Levels (PMCLs), formerly (MCLs) were exceeded in water from four wells for organic compounds and in five wells by selected trace elements during the February 1998, March 1999, and September 1999 sampling periods. The concentrations for the following organic compounds and the associated wells are: methylene chloride (PMCL is 5 ppb)—wells 28AA27 (February, 37 ppb; March, 24 ppb; and September, 9.6 ppb), 28AA29 (February, 20 ppb; March, 24 ppb; and September, 46 ppb), 28AA30 (February, 50 ppb; March, 86 ppb; and September, 130 ppb), and 28AA31 (February, 330 ppb; March 240 ppb; and September, 140 ppb); vinyl chloride (PMCL is 2 ppb)—well 28AA29 (March, 3.6 ppb; and September, 4.4 ppb); 1,1-dichloroethene (PMCL is 7 ppb)—wells 28AA30 (March 10 ppb; and September, 17 ppb) and 28AA31 (February, 13 ppb; and March, 10 ppb); and 1,1,2-trichloroethane (PMCL is 5 ppb)—well 28AA30 (March, 33 ppb). Contaminant concentrations decreased in well 28AA31 from March to September 1999; however, concentrations still exceeded the PMCL. The concentrations for the following selected trace elements exceeding PMCL and the associated wells during the sampling periods February 1998, March 1999, and September 1999 are: mercury (PMCL is 2 ppb)—well 28AA24 (September, 2.82 ppb), well 28AA25 (February, 3.1 ppb; March, 2.11 ppb; and September, 2.28 ppb), and well 28AA30 (September, 2.82 ppb); arsenic (PMCL is 50 ppb)—well 28AA30 (February, 90 ppb; and September, 114 ppb); thallium (PMCL is 2 ppb)—wells 28AA27 (March, 2.08 ppb) and 28AA29 (February, 2.56); barium (PMCL is 2,000 ppb)—well 28AA30 (March, 4,490 ppb); chromium (PMCL is 30 ppb)—well 28AA30 (February, 630 ppb; and March, 1,190 ppb); and beryllium (PMCL is 4 ppb)—well 28AA30 (September, 6.3 ppb). Water from seven wells, three of which are upgradient of the landfill, contained organic compounds and/or selected trace elements exceeding PMCLs during the period February 1998 to September 1999 according to private consultants. Contaminants present in upgradient wells most likely were caused by chemical dispersion, leachate migration, incorrectly defined landfill area, or natural ground-water flow beneath the landfill.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri20024153","usgsCitation":"Priest, S., and McSwain, K., 2002, Hydrogeology and water quality of the Upper Three Runs aquifer in the vicinity of the Gibson Road Landfill, Fort Gordon, Georgia, June-November 1999 (Version 1.0: 2002; Version 1.1: January 11, 2022): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4153, v, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri20024153.","productDescription":"v, 22 p.","temporalStart":"1999-06-01","temporalEnd":"1999-11-30","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":393893,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_52211.htm"},{"id":394189,"rank":4,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri02-4153/versionHist.txt","text":"Version History","size":"1 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"Version History"},{"id":164831,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri02-4153/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":394215,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri02-4153/wrir024153.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.23 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 02-4153"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Fort Gordon, Gibson Road Landfill, Upper Three Runs Aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.31463432312012,\n 33.34702063231064\n ],\n [\n -82.28279113769531,\n 33.34702063231064\n ],\n [\n -82.28279113769531,\n 33.37598230011142\n ],\n [\n -82.31463432312012,\n 33.37598230011142\n ],\n [\n -82.31463432312012,\n 33.34702063231064\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0: 2002; Version 1.1: January 11, 2022","contact":"","tableOfContents":"The upper and middle Verde River watershed in west-central Arizona is an area rich in natural beauty and cultural history and is an increasingly popular destination for tourists, recreationists, and permanent residents seeking its temperate climate. The diverse terrain of the region includes broad desert valleys, upland plains, forested mountain ranges, narrow canyons, and riparian areas along perennial stream reaches. The area is predominantly in Yavapai County, which in 1999 was the fastest-growing rural county in the United States (Woods and Poole Economics, Inc., 1999); by 2050, the population is projected to more than double. Such growth will increase demands on water resources. The domestic, industrial, and recreational interests of the population will need to be balanced against protection of riparian, woodland, and other natural areas and their associated wildlife and aquatic habitats. Sound management decisions will be required that are based on an understanding of the interactions between local and regional aquifers, surface-water bodies, and recharge and discharge areas. This understanding must include the influence of climate, geology, topography, and cultural development on those components of the hydrologic system.
\nIn 1999, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Arizona Department of Water Resources (ADWR), initiated a regional investigation of the hydrogeology of the upper and middle Verde River watershed. The project is part of the Rural Watershed Initiative (RWI), a program established by the State of Arizona and managed by the ADWR that addresses water supply issues in rural areas while encouraging participation from stakeholder groups in affected communities. The USGS is performing similar RWI investigations on the Colorado Plateau to the north and in the Mogollon Highlands to the east of the Verde River study area (Parker and Flynn, 2000). The objectives of the RWI investigations are to develop: (1) a single database containing all hydrogeologic data available for the combined areas, (2) an understanding of the geologic units and structures in each area with a focus on how geology influences the storage and movement of ground water, (3) a conceptual model that describes where and how much water enters, flows through, and exits the hydrogeologic system, and (4) a numerical ground-water flow model that can be used to improve understanding of the hydrogeologic system and to test the effects of various scenarios of water-resources development. In 2001, Yavapai County became an additional cooperator in the upper and middle Verde River RWI investigation.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs05902","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Arizona Department of Water Resources and Yavapai County","usgsCitation":"Woodhouse, B., Flynn, M., Parker, J.T., and Hoffmann, J.P., 2002, Investigation of the geology and hydrology of the upper and middle Verde River watershed of central Arizona: A project of the Arizona Rural Watershed Initiative: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 059-02, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs05902.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":425620,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_52136.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":287691,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/0059-02/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":287692,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Verde River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113.1976,34.3956 ], [ -113.1976,35.8968 ], [ -111.4,35.8968 ], [ -111.4,34.3956 ], [ -113.1976,34.3956 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48b2e4b07f02db5310df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodhouse, Betsy","contributorId":92327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodhouse","given":"Betsy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flynn, Marilyn E. meflynn@usgs.gov","contributorId":1039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flynn","given":"Marilyn E.","email":"meflynn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parker, John T.C.","contributorId":18766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hoffmann, John P. jphoffma@usgs.gov","contributorId":1337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffmann","given":"John","email":"jphoffma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":222445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":39819,"text":"wri024135 - 2002 - Arsenic concentrations in bedrock wells in Colchester, East Hampton, and Woodstock, Connecticut","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-28T12:29:51.904285","indexId":"wri024135","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4135","title":"Arsenic concentrations in bedrock wells in Colchester, East Hampton, and Woodstock, Connecticut","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri024135","usgsCitation":"Brown, C.J., and Chute, S.K., 2002, Arsenic concentrations in bedrock wells in Colchester, East Hampton, and Woodstock, Connecticut: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4135, iv, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024135.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":97425,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4135/report.pdf","size":"3909","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":164827,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4135/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":395015,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_52073.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut","city":"Colchester, East Hampton, Woodstock","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.5611,\n 41.5167\n ],\n [\n -72.22,\n 41.5167\n ],\n [\n -72.22,\n 41.6431\n ],\n [\n -72.5611,\n 41.6431\n ],\n [\n -72.5611,\n 41.5167\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672da8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, C. J.","contributorId":90342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chute, S. K.","contributorId":72844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chute","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":39823,"text":"wri024214 - 2002 - Hydrologic conditions in the Bill Williams River National Wildlife Refuge and Planet Valley, Arizona, 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-12T09:19:15","indexId":"wri024214","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4214","title":"Hydrologic conditions in the Bill Williams River National Wildlife Refuge and Planet Valley, Arizona, 2000","docAbstract":"During a period of sustained base-flow conditions in the Bill Williams River below Alamo Dam in west central Arizona from March to July 2000, the channel of the river through Planet Valley was dry, and the water table sloped almost due west parallel to the main slope of the flood plain. Water from the river infiltrated into the channel bottom at the head of Planet Valley, moved downgradient in the subsurface, and reappeared in the channel about 0.3 mile downstream from the east boundary of the Bill Williams River National Wildlife Refuge. A river aquifer in hydraulic connection with the Bill Williams River was mapped from a point 6.3 miles upstream from Highway 95 to the upstream end of Planet Valley. Formations that make up the river aquifer in Planet Valley are younger alluvium, older alluviums, and fanglomerate. Total thickness of the river aquifer probably is less than 200 feet in the bedrock canyons to as much as 1,035 feet in Planet Valley. The purpose of this study was to investigate the current hydrologic conditions along the Bill Williams River, which included an inventory of wells within the river aquifer of the Colorado River and in Planet Valley, and to determine the configuration of the water table. A map shows the elevation and configuration of the water table from the east end of Planet Valley to the confluence of the Bill Williams River with Lake Havasu.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Tucson, AZ","doi":"10.3133/wri024214","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Wilson, R.P., and Owen-Joyce, S.J., 2002, Hydrologic conditions in the Bill Williams River National Wildlife Refuge and Planet Valley, Arizona, 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4214, ii, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024214.","productDescription":"ii, 11 p.","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":288430,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288429,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4214/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Bill Williams River National Wildlife Refuge;Planet Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.5,34.0 ], [ -114.5,34.5 ], [ -113.5,34.5 ], [ -113.5,34.0 ], [ -114.5,34.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60f9a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Richard P.","contributorId":96655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Owen-Joyce, Sandra J. 0000-0002-4400-5618 sjowen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4400-5618","contributorId":5215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Owen-Joyce","given":"Sandra","email":"sjowen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":222261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":69382,"text":"i2770 - 2002 - Controlled photomosaic map of Callisto JC 15M CMN","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-20T10:18:33","indexId":"i2770","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2770","subseriesTitle":"GIS","title":"Controlled photomosaic map of Callisto JC 15M CMN","docAbstract":"This sheet is one in a series of maps of the Galilean satellites of Jupiter at a nominal scale of 1:15,000,000. This series is based on data from the Galileo Orbiter Solid-State Imaging (SSI) camera and the cameras of the Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft. Mercator and Polar Stereographic projections used for this map of Callisto are based on a sphere having a radius of 2,409.3 km. The scale is 1:8,388,000 at ±56° latitude for both projections. Longitude increases to the west in accordance with the International Astronomical Union (1971) (Seidelmann and others, 2002). The geometric control network was computed at the RAND Corporation using RAND's most recent solution as of April 1999 (Davies and Katayama, 1981; Davies and others, 1998). This process involved selecting control points on the individual images, making pixel measurements of their locations, using reseau locations to correct for geometric distortions, and converting the measurements to millimeters in the focal plane. These data are combined with the camera focal lengths and navigation solutions as input to photogrammetric triangulation software that solves for the best-fit sphere, the coordinates of the control points, the three orientation angles of the camera at each exposure (right ascension, declination, and twist), and an angle (W0) which defines the orientation of Callisto in space. W0-in this solution 259.51°-is the angle along the equator to the east, between the 0° meridian and the equator's intersection with the celestial equator at the standard epoch J2000.0. This solution places the crater Saga at its defined longitude of 326° west (Seidelmann and others, 2002). This global map base uses the best image quality and moderate resolution coverage supplied by Galileo SSI and Voyager 1 and 2 (Batson, 1987; Becker and others, 1998; Becker and others, 1999; Becker and others, 2001). The digital map was produced using Integrated Software for Imagers and Spectrometers (ISIS) (Eliason, 1997; Gaddis and others, 1997; Torson and Becker, 1997). The individual images were radiometrically calibrated and photometrically normalized using a Lunar-Lambert function with empirically derived values (McEwen, 1991; Kirk and others, 2000). A linear correction based on the statistics of all overlapping areas was then applied to minimize image brightness variations. The image data were selected on the basis of overall image quality, reasonable original input resolution (from 20 km/pixel for gap fill to as much as 150 m/pixel), and availability of moderate emission/incidence angles for topography. Although consistency was achieved where possible, different filters were included for global image coverage as necessary: clear for Voyager 1 and 2; clear and green (559 nm) for Galileo SSI. Individual images were projected to a Sinusoidal Equal-Area projection at an image resolution of 1.0 kilometer/pixel. The final constructed Sinusoidal projection mosaic was then reprojected to the Mercator and Polar Stereographic projections included on this sheet. The final mosaic was enhanced using commercial software. Names on this sheet are approved by the International Astronomical Union. Names have been applied for features clearly visible at the scale of this map; for a complete list of nomenclature for Callisto, please see the Gazeteer of Planetary Nomenclature. Font color was chosen only for readability.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/i2770","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2002, Controlled photomosaic map of Callisto JC 15M CMN: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2770, 1 Plate: 46.00 x 40.00 inches; Purchasing information, https://doi.org/10.3133/i2770.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 46.00 x 40.00 inches; Purchasing information","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":188092,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6328,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2770/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":280458,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2770/pdf/i2770.pdf"},{"id":280459,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://store.usgs.gov/b2c_usgs/b2c/start/(xcm=r3standardpitrex_prd&carea=0000000027&citem=00000000270000000753)/.do"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adfe4b07f02db687d23","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":534578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":69317,"text":"mf2399 - 2002 - Map Showing Seacliff Response to Climatic and Seismic Events, Seacliff State Beach, Santa Cruz County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:22","indexId":"mf2399","displayToPublicDate":"2002-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2399","title":"Map Showing Seacliff Response to Climatic and Seismic Events, Seacliff State Beach, Santa Cruz County, California","docAbstract":"INTRODUCTION\r\n\r\nThe coastal cliffs along much of the central California coast are actively retreating. Large storms and periodic earthquakes are responsible for most of the documented seacliff slope failures. Long-term average erosion rates calculated for this section of coast (Moore and others, 1999) do not provide the spatial or temporal data resolution necessary to identify the processes responsible for retreat of the seacliffs, where episodic retreat threatens homes and community infrastructure. Research suggests that more erosion occurs along the California coast over a short time scale, during periods of severe storms or seismic activity, than occurs during decades of normal weather or seismic quiescence (Griggs and Scholar, 1998; Griggs, 1994; Plant and Griggs, 1990; Griggs and Johnson, 1979 and 1983; Kuhn and Shepard, 1979).\r\n\r\nThis is the second map in a series of maps documenting the processes of short-term seacliff retreat through the identification of slope failure styles, spatial variability of failures, and temporal variation in retreat amounts in an area that has been identified as an erosion hotspot (Moore and others, 1999; Griggs and Savoy, 1985). This map presents seacliff failure and retreat data from Seacliff State Beach, California, which is located seven kilometers east of Santa Cruz (fig. 1) along the northern Monterey Bay coast. The data presented in this map series provide high-resolution spatial and temporal information on the location, amount, and processes of seacliff retreat in Santa Cruz, California. These data show the response of the seacliffs to both large magnitude earthquakes and severe climatic events such as El Ni?os; this information may prove useful in predicting the future response of the cliffs to events of similar magnitude. The map data can also be incorporated into Global Information System (GIS) for use by researchers and community planners.\r\n\r\nFour sets of vertical aerial photographs (Oct. 18, 1989; Jan. 27, 1998; Feb. 9, 1998; and March 6, 1998) were orthorectified and digital terrain models (DTMs) were generated and edited for this study (see Hapke and Richmond, 2000, for description of techniques). The earliest set of photography is from 1989, taken immediately following the Loma Prieta earthquake. These photographs are used to document the response of the seacliffs to seismic shaking, as well as to establish a baseline cliff-edge position to measure the amount of retreat of the cliff edge over the following decade. The remaining three sets of photographs were collected using the U.S. Geological Survey Coastal Aerial Mapping System (CAMS) during the 1997-98 El Ni?o (see Hapke and Richmond, 1999; 2000). The CAMS photographs were taken before, during, and after severe storms and are used to examine seacliff response to these storms. In addition to the analyses of photogrammetrically processed data, field mapping identified joints, faults, and lithologic variations along this section of seacliff.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/mf2399","usgsCitation":"Hapke, C.J., Richmond, B.M., and D’Iorio, M.M., 2002, Map Showing Seacliff Response to Climatic and Seismic Events, Seacliff State Beach, Santa Cruz County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2399, Map: 54 x 37 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2399.","productDescription":"Map: 54 x 37 inches","costCenters":[{"id":645,"text":"Western Coastal and Marine Geology","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110348,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_52329.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"52329"},{"id":9548,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2002/2399/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":187702,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.90083333333334,36.88388888888889 ], [ -121.90083333333334,37 ], [ -121.81777777777778,37 ], [ -121.81777777777778,36.88388888888889 ], [ -121.90083333333334,36.88388888888889 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649351","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hapke, Cheryl J. 0000-0002-2753-4075 chapke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2753-4075","contributorId":2981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hapke","given":"Cheryl","email":"chapke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6676,"text":"USGS (retired)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":280063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richmond, Bruce M. 0000-0002-0056-5832 brichmond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0056-5832","contributorId":2459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"Bruce","email":"brichmond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":280062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"D’Iorio, Mimi M.","contributorId":45003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Iorio","given":"Mimi","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":50797,"text":"ofr0282 - 2002 - Hydrologic, water-quality, and sediment-quality data for the Christmas Bay system, Brazoria County, Texas, February 1999-March 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-12T22:47:14.397677","indexId":"ofr0282","displayToPublicDate":"2002-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-82","title":"Hydrologic, water-quality, and sediment-quality data for the Christmas Bay system, Brazoria County, Texas, February 1999-March 2000","docAbstract":"The Christmas Bay system is a group of three small secondary bays (Christmas, Bastrop, and Drum Bays) at the southwestern end of the Galveston Bay estuarine system in Brazoria County, Texas. During February 1999-March 2000, hydrologic, water-quality, and sediment-quality data were collected from each of the three bays to establish baseline conditions. Gage-height fluctuations closely matched open-water tidal fluctuations. Rainfall during February 1999-February 2000 was about 20 percent below the annual average. Specific conductance, pH, water temperature, and dissolved oxygen monitored at 30-minute intervals in Christmas Bay for 13 months showed seasonal variations typical of monitoring stations on the Texas Gulf Coast. Prevailing winds were from the southeast. Monthly water-quality sampling for 13 months showed that in each of the three bays concentrations of major ions were small, and most nutrient concentrations were at or less than minimum reporting levels; indicator bacteria counts were consistently higher in samples collected from Drum Bay. Several trace elements (sampled twice) were detected in small concentrations. The only organochlorine pesticides (sampled once) that were greater than minimum reporting levels were atrazine, deethylatrazine, metolachlor, and simazine. During February 29-March 29, 2000, three semipermeable membrane devices were deployed at the Christmas Bay monitoring station. Seven of 77 semivolatile organic compounds analyzed in the lipids from the devices were detected in minute amounts. Analyses of surficial bed sediment sampled once in each of the three bays yielded detections of a number of semivolatile organic compounds; all concentrations were less than 10 micrograms per liter and much less than the respective benchmark concentration for those compounds that have had a benchmark concentration established for the protection of aquatic life.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr0282","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Houston-Galveston Area Council","usgsCitation":"East, J., 2002, Hydrologic, water-quality, and sediment-quality data for the Christmas Bay system, Brazoria County, Texas, February 1999-March 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-82, iii, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0282.","productDescription":"iii, 43 p.","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":425578,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_52067.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":9159,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/ofr02-082/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":333407,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/ofr02-082/pdf/02-082.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":178415,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr0282.JPG"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Brazoria County","otherGeospatial":"Bastrop Bay, Christmas Bay, Drum Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.8,\n 28.5\n ],\n [\n -95.8,\n 29.7\n ],\n [\n -94.5,\n 29.7\n ],\n [\n -94.5,\n 28.5\n ],\n [\n -95.8,\n 28.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a18e4b07f02db6051f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"East, Jeffery W. jweast@usgs.gov","contributorId":1683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"East","given":"Jeffery W.","email":"jweast@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":242328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70201651,"text":"70201651 - 2002 - Mars Geodesy/Cartography Working Group recommendations on Mars cartographic constants and coordinate systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-25T10:55:20","indexId":"70201651","displayToPublicDate":"2002-07-19T14:52:32","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Mars Geodesy/Cartography Working Group recommendations on Mars cartographic constants and coordinate systems","docAbstract":"NASA's Mars Geodesy/Cartography Working Group (MGCWG), established in 1998 and chaired since 2000 by one of us (TCD), consists of leading researchers in planetary geodesy and cartography at such diverse institutions as JPL, NASA Ames and Goddard Centers, Purdue and Ohio State Universities, Malin Space Science Systems, the German Center for Aerospace Research DLR, and the US Geological Survey, as well as representatives of the current and future Mars mission teams that are the customers for Mars maps. The purpose of the group is the coordinate the activities of the many agencies active in Mars geodesy and cartography in order to minimize redundant effort and ensure that the products needed by mission customers are generated. A specific objectives has been to avoid repeating the experience of the 1970s-80s, when competing researchers produced geodetic control solutions and maps of Mars that were mutually inconsistent. To this end, the MGCWG has recently assembled a set of preferred values for Mars cartographic constants, based on the best available data. These values have been transmitted to the International Astronomical Union and appear in the report of the IAU/IAG Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements of the Planets and Satellites as the officially recommended constants for Mars (Seidelmann et al., 2002). The MGCWG has also recommended to NASA that the USGS adopt the IAU-approved coordinate system of planetocentric latitude and east longitude for future maps of Mars, in the place of the (also IAU-approved) planetographic system with west longitude positive. This recommendation has recently been approved by NASA. In this paper we present the preferred values for Mars cartographic constants with discussion of the process by which they were derived, then discuss the rationale and implications of the use of east/planetocentric coordinates in future Mars maps.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geospatial Theory, Processing and Applications: ISPRS Commission IV Proceedings","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Geospatial Theory, Processing and Applications: ISPRS Commission IV","conferenceDate":"July 9-12, 2002","conferenceLocation":"Ottawa, Canada","language":"English","publisher":"International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","usgsCitation":"Duxbury, T.C., Kirk, R.L., Archinal, B.A., and Neumann, G., 2002, Mars Geodesy/Cartography Working Group recommendations on Mars cartographic constants and coordinate systems, in Geospatial Theory, Processing and Applications: ISPRS Commission IV Proceedings, Ottawa, Canada, July 9-12, 2002, 4 p.; DVD-ROM.","productDescription":"4 p.; DVD-ROM","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":360573,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":360572,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.isprs.org/proceedings/XXXIV/part4/"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c1b66e8e4b0708288c71d42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duxbury, T. C.","contributorId":91983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duxbury","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":36392,"text":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":754712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kirk, Randolph L. 0000-0003-0842-9226 rkirk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-9226","contributorId":2765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Randolph","email":"rkirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Archinal, Brent A. 0000-0002-6654-0742 barchinal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6654-0742","contributorId":2816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Archinal","given":"Brent","email":"barchinal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Neumann, G.A.","contributorId":11767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neumann","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":754715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5200274,"text":"5200274 - 2002 - Black ducks and their Chesapeake Bay habitats: Proceedings of a symposium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-20T16:07:34.471207","indexId":"5200274","displayToPublicDate":"2002-07-18T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesNumber":"2002-0005","subseriesTitle":"USGS/BRD/ITR","displayTitle":"Black Ducks and Their Chesapeake Bay Habitats: Proceedings of a Symposium","title":"Black ducks and their Chesapeake Bay habitats: Proceedings of a symposium","docAbstract":"The symposium 'Black Ducks and Their Chesapeake Bay Habitats,' held October 4, 2000, provided a forum for scientists to share research about the American black duck (Anas rubripes), an important breeding and wintering waterfowl species dependent upon the Chesapeake Bay habitats. American black ducks have declined significantly in the last 50 years and continue to be a species of management concern. The symposium, sponsored by the Wildfowl Trust of North America and the U.S. Geological Survey, highlighted papers and posters on a range of topics, from the traditional concerns of hunting, habitat, and hybridization to the more recent concerns of human disturbance and neophobia. Other presentations provided a historical perspective of black duck management. The direction that black duck conservation initiatives could and/or should take in the future was also discussed. As populations of humans in the Chesapeake Bay region continue to increase, we can expect that these subjects will receive increased discussion in the future.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/5200274","usgsCitation":"2002, Black ducks and their Chesapeake Bay habitats: Proceedings of a symposium, vii, 44, https://doi.org/10.3133/5200274.","productDescription":"vii, 44","numberOfPages":"44","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":94532,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/5200274/itr20020005.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.93 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":204424,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/5200274/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": 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Plains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-23T14:18:42.363199","indexId":"70231697","displayToPublicDate":"2002-07-01T09:13:50","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"displayTitle":"The contribution of C3 and C4 grasses to interannual variability in time-integrated NDVI over the U.S. Great Plains","title":"The contribution of C3 and C4 grasses to interannual variability in time-integrated NDVI over the U.S. Great Plains","docAbstract":"Time integrated normalized difference vegetation index (ΣNDVI) derived from NOAA AVHRR multitemporal imagery over a 10-yr period (1989-1998) was used as a surrogate for primary production to investigate the impact of interannual climate variability on grassland performance for central and northern U.S. Great Plains. First, the contribution of C3 and C4 species abundances to the major grassland ecosystems of the U.S. Great Plains is described. Next, the relation between mean ΣNDVI and the ΣNDVI coefficient of variation (CV ΣNDVI) used as a proxi for interannual climate variability is analyzed. Results suggest that the differences in the long-term climatic control over ecosystem performance approximately coincide with changes between C3- and C4-dominant grassland classes. Variation in remotely sensed net primary production over time is higher for the southern and western plains grasslands (primarily C4 grasslands), whereas the C3-dominated classes in the northern and eastern portion of the U.S. Great Plains generally show lower CV ΣNDVI values.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Analysis of multi-temporal remote sensing images: Proceedings of the first international workshop on multitemp 2001","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"First International Workshop on Multitemp 2001","conferenceDate":"Sep 13-14, 2002","conferenceLocation":"Trento, Italy","language":"English","publisher":"World Scientific","doi":"10.1142/9789812777249_0043","usgsCitation":"Ricotta, C., Reed, B.C., and Tieszen, L.L., 2002, The contribution of C3 and C4 grasses to interannual variability in time-integrated NDVI over the U.S. Great Plains, in Analysis of multi-temporal remote sensing images: Proceedings of the first international workshop on multitemp 2001, Trento, Italy, Sep 13-14, 2002, p. 379-386, https://doi.org/10.1142/9789812777249_0043.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"379","endPage":"386","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":400883,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"central and northern Great Plains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.599609375,\n 38.788345355085625\n ],\n [\n -95.0537109375,\n 38.788345355085625\n ],\n [\n -95.0537109375,\n 48.69096039092549\n ],\n [\n -109.599609375,\n 48.69096039092549\n ],\n [\n -109.599609375,\n 38.788345355085625\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ricotta, C.","contributorId":31162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ricotta","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":843460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reed, Bradley C. 0000-0002-1132-7178 reed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1132-7178","contributorId":2901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Bradley","email":"reed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":843461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tieszen, Larry L. tieszen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tieszen","given":"Larry","email":"tieszen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":843462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":58055,"text":"wri024008 - 2002 - An integrated surface-geophysical investigation of the University of Connecticut landfill, Storrs, Connecticut: 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-27T19:55:55.074457","indexId":"wri024008","displayToPublicDate":"2002-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4008","title":"An integrated surface-geophysical investigation of the University of Connecticut landfill, Storrs, Connecticut: 2000","docAbstract":"A surface-geophysical investigation to characterize the hydrogeology and contaminant distribution of the former landfill area at the University of Connecticut in Storrs, Connecticut, was conducted in 2000 to supplement the preliminary hydrogeologic assessment of the contamination of soil, surface water, and ground water at the site. A geophysical-toolbox approach was used to characterize the hydrogeology and contaminant distribution of the former landfill. Two-dimensional direct-current resistivity, inductive terrain-conductivity, and seismic-refraction surface-geophysical data were collected and interpreted in an iterative manner with exploratory drilling, borehole geophysics, and hydraulic testing. In this investigation, a geophysical-toolbox approach was used to 1) further define previously identified conductive anomalies and leachate plumes; 2) identify additional leachate plumes, possible fracture zones, and (or) conductive lithologic layers in the bedrock; and 3) delineate bedrock-surface topography in the drainage valleys north and south of the landfill.
Resistivity and terrain-conductivity surveys were used to further delineate previously identified geophysical anomalies to the north and southwest of the landfill. A conductive anomaly identified in the terrain-conductivity survey to the north of the landfill in 2000 had a similar location and magnitude as an anomaly identified in terrain-conductivity surveys conducted in 1998 and 1999. Collectively, these surveys indicated that the magnitude of the conductive anomaly decreased with depth and with distance from the landfill. These anomalies indicated landfill leachate in the overburden and shallow bedrock.
Results of previous surface-geophysical investigations southwest of the landfill indicated a shallow conductive anomaly in the overburden that extended into the fractured-bedrock aquifer. This conductive anomaly had a sheet-like geometry that had a north-south strike, dipped to the west, and terminated abruptly about 450 feet southwest of the landfill. The sheet-like conductive anomaly was interpreted as a fractured, conductive lithologic feature filled with conductive fluids. To further delineate this anomaly, two two-dimensional resistivity profiles were collected west of the sheet-like conductive anomaly to assess the possibility that the sheet-like conductive anomaly continued to the west in its down-dip direction. Each of the north-south oriented resistivity profiles showed bullet-shaped rather than linear-shaped anomalies, with a relatively smaller magnitude of conductivity than the sheet-like conductive anomaly to the east. If these bullet-like features are spatially connected, they may represent a linear, or pipe-like, conductive anomaly in the bedrock with a trend of N290°E and a plunge of 12°.
Additional surveys were conducted to assess the apparent southern termination of the sheet-like conductive feature. Terrain-conductivity surveys indicated the sheet-like feature was not continuous to the south. A two-dimensional resistivity line and a coincident terrain-conductivity profile indicated the presence of a steep, eastward dipping, low magnitude, electrically conductive anomaly on the eastern end of the profile. Although the sheet-like conductive anomaly apparently did not continue to the south, the survey conducted in 2000 identified an isolated, weak conductive anomaly south of the previously identified anomaly.
Inductive terrain-conductivity surveys performed north of the sheet-like conductive anomaly and west of the landfill indicated the anomaly did not extend to the north into the area of the former chemical-waste disposal pits. No conductive plumes or conductive features were observed in the subsurface bedrock west of the landfill.
A conductive anomaly was identified in the southern section of the new terrain-conductivity grid. The magnitude and distribution of the apparent conductivity of this anomaly was identified as a nearly vertical sheet-like conductive feature. The anomaly extended north-south for 150 feet, and the depth and (or) magnitude of the conductive anomaly decreased towards the south. Based on the location, orientation, and dip, this feature was interpreted as a separate anomaly rather than as a continuation of the sheet-like, conductive bedrock feature that was previously identified southwest of the landfill. No other new conductive anomalies were identified south or west of the landfill.
Seismic-refraction surveys were used to delineate the depth to the water table and the depth and topography of the bedrock surface. The seismic-refraction surveys at the northern and southern ends of the landfill confirm the presence of shallow bedrock at 25 feet below land surface. Seismic-refraction surveys conducted southwest of the landfill in a minor topographic valley indicate the bedrock is about 10 feet below land surface.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri024008","usgsCitation":"Johnson, C.D., Dawson, C.B., Belaval, M., and Lane, J.W., 2002, An integrated surface-geophysical investigation of the University of Connecticut landfill, Storrs, Connecticut: 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4008, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024008.","productDescription":"39 p.","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":183981,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5986,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/ogw/bgas/publications/wri024008/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":395001,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_51561.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut","city":"Storrs","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.28531837463379,\n 41.812011253215566\n ],\n [\n -72.26034164428711,\n 41.812011253215566\n ],\n [\n -72.26034164428711,\n 41.82512431907589\n ],\n [\n -72.28531837463379,\n 41.82512431907589\n ],\n [\n -72.28531837463379,\n 41.812011253215566\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae733","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Carole D. 0000-0001-6941-1578 cjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6941-1578","contributorId":1891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Carole","email":"cjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dawson, C. B.","contributorId":50967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belaval, Marcel","contributorId":21636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belaval","given":"Marcel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lane, John W. Jr. jwlane@usgs.gov","contributorId":1738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jwlane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":258233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":69559,"text":"i2543 - 2002 - Geologic and isostatic gravity map of the Nenana basin area, central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-29T11:32:25.43463","indexId":"i2543","displayToPublicDate":"2002-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2543","subseriesTitle":"GIS","title":"Geologic and isostatic gravity map of the Nenana basin area, central Alaska","docAbstract":"The Nenana Basin area is a prospective petroleum province in central Alaska, and this geologic and isostatic gravity map is part of a petroleum resource assessment of the area.
The geology was compiled from published sources as shown on the index map (map sheet). Map units are organized and presented according to the scheme of lithotectonic terranes proposed by Jones and others (1987) and Silberling and Jones (1984); we recognize, however, that this terrane scheme is controversial and likely to be revised in the future. In some cases, we combined certain terranes because we were unable to match the terrane boundaries given by Jones and others (1987) and Silberling and Jones (1984) with specific faults shown on existing geologic maps. Postaccretion cover deposits represent overlap assemblages that depositionally overlie accreted terranes. Plutonic igneous rocks shown on this map include several plutons that are clearly postaccretionary, based on isotopic ages and (or) field relations. It is possible that some of the plutons predate accretion, but this has not been demonstrated. According to Jones and others (1982), the terranes in the area of our map were assembled during late Mesozoic or earliest Cenozoic time.
The gravity contours are derived from data used in earlier compilations that are supplemented by some National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration data along the Alaska Pipeline level line. The earlier compilations were used for simple Bouguer maps, prepared primarily by non-digital methods, and are superseded by this map. The present map is the result of digital processing that includes the 1967 Geodetic Reference System, the IGSN-71 datum, digital terrain corrections, and conversion to isostatic gravity so that geologic structures on the margin of the Alaska Range are more clearly portrayed. Computation procedures are described in part by Barnes (1972, 1984), Jachens and Roberts (1981), and Barnes and others (1994). The calculations used a crustal density of 2.67 g/cm3 , a density contrast at the base of the isostatic root of 0.4 g/cm3 , and a root thickness at sea level of 25 km. The distribution of data within the map area is uneven and locally controls the shape of the computer-generated contours. Altimetry was used for most of the elevation control and its inconsistency is responsible for many of the small contour irregularities. Ninety percent of the measurements are estimated to have an accuracy of about 1.5 mgal or about a quarter of the 5 mgal contour interval. Data collection and analysis were assisted by R.V. Allen, R.C. Jachens, M.A. Fisher, T.R. Bruns, J.G. Blank, J.W. Bader, Z.C. Valin, J.W. Cady, R.L. Morin, and P.V. Woodward.
The most promising area for petroleum exploration is a prominent 25 mgal isostatic gravity low north of Nenana (T. 2 S., R. 8 W.). This gravity low probably corresponds to the deepest part of a sedimentary basin filled by Cenozoic strata that includes nonmarine fluvial and lacustrine deposits of the Eocene to Miocene Usibelli Group. Smaller gravity lows are associated with outcrops of these sedimentary rocks north of Suntrana (T. 12 S., R. 6-9 W.) and Sable Pass (T. 16 S., R. 11 W.). A broad low on the north flank of the Alaska Range east of the Wood River (T. 10 S., R. 1 E.) indicates another basin under the Tanana lowland that extends eastward off the map area towards Delta Junction, where its presence was confirmed by both gravity and seismic data.
Gravity modelling suggests that the base of the Usibelli Group in the area north of Nenana (T. 2 S., R. 8 W.) is about 3,000 to 3,350 m beneath the ground surface. Organic geochemical studies indicate that mudstones and coals in the Usibelli Group are potential sources of petroleum; calculations based on borehole temperatures suggest that, in the area of the gravity low, these rocks may have been buried deeply enough to generate oil and gas. Two exploratory wells, the Union Nenana No. 1 and the ARCO Totek Hills No. 11, were drilled some distance away from the gravity low in areas where the Usibelli Group is thin. Mudlogs show that both wells were dry holes that bottomed in schist and had gas shows associated with coal beds in the Usibelli Group, but no reported signs of oil.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i2543","usgsCitation":"Frost, G.M., Barnes, D., and Stanley, R., 2002, Geologic and isostatic gravity map of the Nenana basin area, central Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2543, Report: 17 p.; 1 Plate: 55.00 x 41.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/i2543.","productDescription":"Report: 17 p.; 1 Plate: 55.00 x 41.00 inches","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":188610,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10441,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/i2543/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":110339,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_52137.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"52137"}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Nenana basin area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -152.05,\n 63.4583\n ],\n [\n -147.4572,\n 63.4583\n ],\n [\n -147.4572,\n 65.4167\n ],\n [\n -152.05,\n 65.4167\n ],\n [\n -152.05,\n 63.4583\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8103","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frost, G. M.","contributorId":27144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frost","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barnes, D.F.","contributorId":48960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnes","given":"D.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stanley, R. G. 0000-0001-6192-8783","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6192-8783","contributorId":77123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"R. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":32960,"text":"fs00402 - 2002 - Coal resources of selected coal beds and zones in the Northern and Central Appalachian Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:17","indexId":"fs00402","displayToPublicDate":"2002-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"004-02","title":"Coal resources of selected coal beds and zones in the Northern and Central Appalachian Basin","docAbstract":"The Appalachian Basin is one of the most important coal-producing regions in the world. Bituminous coal has been mined in the basin for the last three centuries, and the cumulative production is estimated at 34.5 billion short tons. Annual production in 1998 was about 452 million short tons; the basin's production is mostly in the northern (32 percent) and central (63 percent) coal regions. The coal is used primarily within the Eastern United States for electric power generation, but some of it is suitable for metallurgical uses. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is completing a National Coal Resource Assessment of five coal-producing regions of the United States, including the Appalachian Basin. The USGS, in cooperation with the State geological surveys of Kentucky, Maryland, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West Virginia, has completed a digital coal resource assessment of five of the top-producing coal beds and coal zones in the northern and central Appalachian Basin coal regions -- the Pittsburgh coal bed, the Upper Freeport coal bed, the Fire Clay and Pond Creek coal zones, and the Pocahontas No. 3 coal bed. Of the 93 billion short tons of original coal in these units, about 66 billion short tons remain.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs00402","usgsCitation":"Ruppert, L.F., Tewalt, S., and Bragg, L., 2002, Coal resources of selected coal beds and zones in the Northern and Central Appalachian Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 004-02, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs00402.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":3124,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs004-02/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":123996,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_004_02.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6aee39","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruppert, Leslie F. 0000-0002-7453-1061","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7453-1061","contributorId":19606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppert","given":"Leslie","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tewalt, Susan","contributorId":19607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tewalt","given":"Susan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bragg, Linda","contributorId":63440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bragg","given":"Linda","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":38168,"text":"fs00702 - 2002 - East Meets West: An Earthquake in India Helps Hazard Assessment in the Central United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-23T14:35:21","indexId":"fs00702","displayToPublicDate":"2002-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"007-02","title":"East Meets West: An Earthquake in India Helps Hazard Assessment in the Central United States","docAbstract":"Although geographically distant, the State of Gujarat in India bears many geological similarities to the Mississippi Valley in the Central United States. The Mississippi Valley contains the New Madrid seismic zone that, during the winter of 1811-1812, produced the three largest historical earthquakes ever in the continental United States and remains the most seismically active region east of the Rocky Mountains. Large damaging earthquakes are rare in ‘intraplate’ settings like New Madrid and Gujarat, far from the boundaries of the world’s great tectonic plates. Long-lasting evidence left by these earthquakes is subtle (fig. 1). Thus, each intraplate earthquake provides unique opportunities to make huge advances in our ability to assess and understand the hazards posed by such events.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs00702","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2002, East Meets West: An Earthquake in India Helps Hazard Assessment in the Central United States (Version 1.0 ): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 007-02, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs00702.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":3465,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs-0007-02/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":119570,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_007_02.jpg"}],"edition":"Version 1.0 ","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a50e4b07f02db628a57","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":33074,"text":"b2202G - 2002 - Madbi Amran/Qishn total petroleum system of the Ma'Rib-Al Jawf/Shabwah, and Masila-Jeza basins, Yemen","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:16","indexId":"b2202G","displayToPublicDate":"2002-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2202","chapter":"G","title":"Madbi Amran/Qishn total petroleum system of the Ma'Rib-Al Jawf/Shabwah, and Masila-Jeza basins, Yemen","docAbstract":"Since the first discovery of petroleum in Yemen in 1984, several recent advances have been made in the understanding of that country\u0019s geologic history and petroleum systems. The total petroleum resource endowment for the combined petroleum provinces within Yemen, as estimated in the recent U.S. Geological Survey world assessment, ranks 51st in the world, exclusive of the United States, at 9.8 BBOE, which includes cumulative production and remaining reserves, as well as a mean estimate of undiscovered resources. Such undiscovered\r\npetroleum resources are about 2.7 billion barrels of oil, 17 trillion cubic feet (2.8 billion barrels of oil equivalent) of natural gas and 1 billion barrels of natural gas liquids. A single total petroleum system, the Jurassic Madbi Amran/Qishn, dominates petroleum generation and production; it was formed in response to a Late Jurassic rifting event related to the separation of the Arabian Peninsula from the Gondwana supercontinent. This rifting resulted in the development of two petroleum-bearing sedimentary basins: (1) the western Ma\u0019Rib\u0013Al Jawf / Shabwah basin, and (2) the eastern Masila-Jeza basin. In both basins, petroleum source rocks of the Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) Madbi Formation generated hydrocarbons during Late Cretaceous time that migrated, mostly vertically, into Jurassic and Cretaceous reservoirs. In the western Ma\u0019Rib\u0013Al Jawf / Shabwah basin, the petroleum system is largely confined to syn-rift deposits, with reservoirs ranging from deep-water turbidites to continental clastics buried beneath a thick Upper Jurassic (Tithonian) salt. The salt initially deformed in Early Cretaceous time, and continued\r\nhalokinesis resulted in salt diapirism and associated salt withdrawal during extension. The eastern Masila-Jeza basin contained similar early syn-rift deposits but received less clastic sediment during the Jurassic; however, no salt formed because the basin remained open to ocean circulation in the Late Jurassic.\r\nThus, Madbi Formation-sourced hydrocarbons migrated vertically into Lower Cretaceous estuarine, fluvial, and tidal sandstones of the Qishn Formation and were trapped by overlying\r\nimpermeable carbonates of the same formation. Both basins were formed by extensional forces during Jurassic rifting; how-ever, another rifting event that formed the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden during Oligocene and Miocene time had a strong effect on the eastern Masila-Jeza basin. Recurrent movement of basement blocks, particularly during the Tertiary, rather than halokinesis, was critical to the formation of traps.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/b2202G","usgsCitation":"Ahlbrandt, T.S., 2002, Madbi Amran/Qishn total petroleum system of the Ma'Rib-Al Jawf/Shabwah, and Masila-Jeza basins, Yemen (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2202, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2202G.","productDescription":"28 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":164380,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3278,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b2202-g/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db6491ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ahlbrandt, Thomas S.","contributorId":57836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ahlbrandt","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":33023,"text":"wri014104 - 2002 - Ground-water resources of the Clifton Park area, Saratoga County, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-23T11:37:27","indexId":"wri014104","displayToPublicDate":"2002-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4104","title":"Ground-water resources of the Clifton Park area, Saratoga County, New York","docAbstract":"Ground water is the sole source of public water supply for Clifton Park, a growing suburban community north of Albany, New York. Increasing water demand, coupled with concerns over ground-water quantity and quality, led the Clifton Park Water Authority in 1995 to initiate a cooperative study with the U.S. Geological Survey to update and refine the understanding of ground-water resources in the area.
Ground-water resources are largely associated with three aquifers in the eastern half of the area. These aquifers overlie or encompass the Colonie Channel, a north-south-oriented bedrock channel that is filled primarily with lacustrine glacial deposits. The three aquifers are: (1) an unconfined lacustrine sand aquifer, (2) the Colonie Channel aquifer, which is confined within the deepest parts of the channel and variably confined and unconfined within the shallower, peripheral channel areas, and (3) an unconfined alluvial aquifer beneath the Mohawk River flood plain, which represents the southern limit of the study area. The lacustrine sand aquifer has little potential for large-scale withdrawals because it is predominantly fine grained and is susceptible to contamination from human activities at land surface. Water from this aquifer can, however, recharge the underlying peripheral parts of the Colonie Channel aquifer where hydraulic connections are present. The Colonie Channel aquifer consists of thin sand and gravel and (or) shallow, fractured bedrock over much of the channel area; discontinuous deposits of thicker (more than 20 feet) sand and gravel are common in the peripheral channel areas. The deepest, or central, channel area of this aquifer is isolated from the overlying lacustrine sand aquifer by a continuous lacustrine silt and clay unit, which is the primary channel-fill deposit. The most productive areas of the Colonie Channel aquifer are typically the shallow peripheral areas, where conditions range from unconfined to confined. The most productive aquifer within the area is the alluvial aquifer, which is sustained to an unknown extent by induced infiltration of Mohawk River water.
The chemical composition of ground water within the Clifton Park area varies widely in response to hydrogeologic setting, pumpage, and contamination from human activities. These chemical differences can be used to deduce ground-water flow paths within and between the unconfined and confined areas of the aquifer system. Six water types are defined; three are naturally occurring and three are the result of human activities.
Precipitation that infiltrates the land surface is the sole source of recharge to the lacustrine sand aquifer; precipitation also recharges the alluvial aquifer and unconfined parts of the Colonie Channel aquifer. Ground-water withdrawals from confined or unconfined peripheral areas of the Colonie Channel aquifer induce flow from recharge areas, from the underlying bedrock, or from other confined aquifer areas.
The rate of recharge to the confined central area of the Colonie Channel aquifer appears to be low. Potentiometric levels as much as 100 feet below water-table levels in the overlying lacustrine sand aquifer indicate two large depressions in the potentiometric surface; these depressions indicate that withdrawals from this aquifer have cumulatively exceeded the recharge rates. Localized recharge of the central channel area apparently occurs from two peripheral channel areas that are characterized by zones of elevated water levels and (or) by water chemistry that differs from those within the central channel area. Recharge from, or hydraulic connection with, adjoining segments of the Colonie Channel aquifer to the north and south is likely, but the potential for significant recharge is low because the aquifer is thin and poorly permeable.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri014104","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Clifton Park Water Authority","usgsCitation":"Heisig, P.M., 2002, Ground-water resources of the Clifton Park area, Saratoga County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4104, 21 p., 1 over-size sheet, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014104.","productDescription":"21 p., 1 over-size sheet","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":163810,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4104/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":324329,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4104/wri20014104.pdf","text":"Report"},{"id":324330,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4104/wri20014104_plate1.pdf","text":"Plate 1, all parts (A1, A2, A3, B1, and B2) in a SINGLE VERY LARGE file","size":"45 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":324331,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4104/wri20014104_plate1-a1-a2.pdf","text":"Plate 1, part A1 & A2, orig. size 22\"x17\"","size":"25.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":324332,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4104/wri20014104_plate1-a2-a3.pdf","text":"Plate 1, part A2 & A3, orig. size 22\"x17\"","size":"9.48 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":324333,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4104/wri20014104_plate1-b1-b2.pdf","text":"Plate 1, part B1 & B2, orig. size 22\"x17\"","size":"8.55 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"1","country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Saratoga County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.87447357177733,\n 42.777511401496064\n ],\n [\n -73.74092102050781,\n 42.777511401496064\n ],\n [\n -73.74092102050781,\n 42.932547385389\n ],\n [\n -73.87447357177733,\n 42.932547385389\n ],\n [\n -73.87447357177733,\n 42.777511401496064\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New York Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
425 Jordan Rd
Troy, NY 12180
(518) 285-5695
http://ny.water.usgs.gov/
Water managers are concerned about the increase of ground-water withdrawals from high-capacity wells completed in the uppermost confined aquifers in southern Wadena County. The hydrogeologic units of primary interest in the study area are the surficial aquifer, the uppermost confining units, and the uppermost confined aquifers. The surficial aquifer underlies all but portions of the eastern, western, and south-central parts of the study area, and is as much as 70 ft thick. The thickness of the uppermost confined aquifers ranges from 0 to 72 ft. The thickness of the aquifers is greatest in the south-central and west-central parts of the study area, where thicknesses exceed 50 ft. Depth to the top of the uppermost confined aquifers ranges from 23 to 132 ft. The thickness of the uppermost confining units ranges from 4 to 132 ft.
\nThe regional direction of flow in the uppermost confined aquifers is to the east, southeast, and southwest toward the Crow Wing River in the eastern part of the study area and toward the Leaf River in the western part. Sources of water to the uppermost confined aquifers are leakage of water through overlying till and clay and ground-water flow from adjoining aquifers outside the study area. Discharge from the uppermost confined aquifers is by withdrawal from wells and to the surficial aquifer in river valleys. The theoretical maximum well yields for the uppermost confined aquifers range from less that 175 gal/min to greater than 2,000 gal/min and are greatest in areas of greatest aquifer thickness and transmissivity.
\nThe water budget for the calibrated steady-state simulation indicated that areal recharge to the surficial aquifer is 86.9 percent of the water to the aquifers, with leakage to the uppermost confined aquifers contributing 6.9 percent. The largest discharges from the aquifers are leakage to streams (54.5 percent) and ground-water evapotranspiration (41.4 percent). The simulated transient water budget for 1999 indicated that the principal sources of water to the aquifers were areal recharge to the surficial aquifer and release from storage. The principal discharges were stream-aquifer leakage, addition to storage, and ground-water evapotranspiration.
\nResults of the steady-state simulation with anticipated increases in ground-water withdrawals indicated maximum drawdowns of 0.3 ft in the surficial aquifer and 0.9 ft in the uppermost confined aquifers due to the anticipated increases in ground-water withdrawals. Model results indicate that the anticipated increases in withdrawals during a drought may lower water levels 2 to 4 ft regionally in much of both the surficial and uppermost confined aquifers. Water-level declines in the surficial aquifer of about 6 ft may occur in Wadena and in the central part of the aquifer south of the Leaf River. Results of the transient simulation indicate that the anticipated increases in withdrawals during a drought would increase seasonal declines in the surficial and uppermost confined aquifers less than 1 and 2 ft, respectively.
\nModel results indicate that greater than anticipated increases in withdrawals during periods of normal precipitation will have minimal effects on ground-water levels and streamflow in the area. In the uppermost confined aquifers, for example, water levels may decline an average of 0.13 ft regionally, with maximum declines of 0.8 to 2.1 ft near Wadena and Verndale. Greater than anticipated increases in withdrawals would cause decreases in ground-water discharge to streams of about 1.4 percent (2.5 ft3 /s) of 1998-99 steady-state conditions.
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Storm rainfall was concentrated in two distinct areas, the Waiakea and Kapapala areas, where maximum rainfall totals of 32.47 and 38.97 inches were recorded. Resultant flooding caused damages in excess of 70 million dollars, among the highest totals associated with flooding in the State's history. Storm rainfall had recurrence intervals that ranged from 10 years or less for maximum 1-hour totals to 100 years or more for maximum 24-hour totals\r\n\r\nAs part of this study, peak flow and/or erosion data were collected at 41 sites. Analyses of these data indicated that peak discharges of record occurred at 6 of 12 sites where historic data were available. Peak flows with estimated recurrence intervals from 50 to over 100 years were recorded at 4 of 11 sites. Peak flows were poorly correlated with total storm rainfall. Critical rainfall durations associated with peak flows ranged from 1 to 12 hours and were about 3 hours at most sites. Rainfall-runoff computations and field observations indicated that infiltration-excess overland flow alone was not sufficient to have caused the observed flood peaks and therefore saturation-excess overland flow and subsurface flow probably contributed to peak flows at most sites\r\n\r\nMost hillslope erosion associated with the storm took place along or near the Kaoiki Pali in the Kapapala area. Hillslope erosion was predominately caused by overland flow.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri20024117","usgsCitation":"Fontaine, R.A., and Hill, B.R., 2002, Streamflow and erosion response to prolonged intense rainfall of November 1-2, 2000, Island of Hawaii, Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4117, iv, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri20024117.","productDescription":"iv, 31 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2000-11-01","temporalEnd":"2000-11-02","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":119360,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_2002_4117.jpg"},{"id":407813,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_51962.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":13777,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri02-4117/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.6667,\n 19.15\n ],\n [\n -155.0111,\n 19.15\n ],\n [\n -155.0111,\n 19.9\n ],\n [\n -155.6667,\n 19.9\n ],\n [\n -155.6667,\n 19.15\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4f85","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fontaine, Richard A. rfontain@usgs.gov","contributorId":2379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fontaine","given":"Richard","email":"rfontain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":209620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, Barry R.","contributorId":57494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Barry","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":32984,"text":"wri024090 - 2002 - Rainfall-runoff characteristics and effects of increased urban density on streamflow and infiltration in the eastern part of the San Jacinto River basin, Riverside County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:19","indexId":"wri024090","displayToPublicDate":"2002-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4090","title":"Rainfall-runoff characteristics and effects of increased urban density on streamflow and infiltration in the eastern part of the San Jacinto River basin, Riverside County, California","docAbstract":"To better understand the rainfall-runoff characteristics of the eastern part of the San Jacinto River Basin and to estimate the effects of increased urbanization on streamflow, channel infiltration, and land-surface infiltration, a long-term (1950?98) time series of monthly flows in and out of the channels and land surfaces were simulated using the Hydrologic Simulation Program- FORTRAN (HSPF) rainfall-runoff model. Channel and land-surface infiltration includes rainfall or runoff that infiltrates past the zone of evapotranspiration and may become ground-water recharge. The study area encompasses about 256 square miles of the San Jacinto River drainage basin in Riverside County, California. Daily streamflow (for periods with available data between 1950 and 1998), and daily rainfall and evaporation (1950?98) data; monthly reservoir storage data (1961?98); and estimated mean annual reservoir inflow data (for 1974 conditions) were used to calibrate the rainfall-runoff model. Measured and simulated mean annual streamflows for the San Jacinto River near San Jacinto streamflow-gaging station (North-South Fork subbasin) for 1950?91 and 1997?98 were 14,000 and 14,200 acre-feet, respectively, a difference of 1.4 percent. The standard error of the mean for measured and simulated annual streamflow in the North-South Fork subbasin was 3,520 and 3,160 acre-feet, respectively. Measured and simulated mean annual streamflows for the Bautista Creek streamflow-gaging station (Bautista Creek subbasin) for 1950?98 were 980 acre-feet and 991 acre-feet, respectively, a difference of 1.1 percent. The standard error of the mean for measured and simulated annual streamflow in the Bautista Creek subbasin was 299 and 217 acre-feet, respectively. Measured and simulated annual streamflows for the San Jacinto River above State Street near San Jacinto streamflow-gaging station (Poppet subbasin) for 1998 were 23,400 and 23,500 acre-feet, respectively, a difference of 0.4 percent. The simulated mean annual streamflow for the State Street gaging station at the outlet of the study basin and the simulated mean annual basin infiltration (combined infiltration from all the channels and land surfaces) were 8,720 and 41,600 acre-feet, respectively, for water years 1950-98. Simulated annual streamflow at the State Street gaging station ranged from 16.8 acre-feet in water year 1961 to 70,400 acre-feet in water year 1993, and simulated basin infiltration ranged from 2,770 acre-feet in water year 1961 to 149,000 acre-feet in water year 1983.The effects of increased urbanization on the hydrology of the study basin were evaluated by increasing the size of the effective impervious and non-effective impervious urban areas simulated in the calibrated rainfall-runoff model by 50 and 100 percent, respectively. The rainfall-runoff model simulated a long-term time series of monthly flows in and out of the channels and land surfaces using daily rainfall and potential evaporation data for water years 1950?98. Increasing the effective impervious and non-effective impervious urban areas by 100 percent resulted in a 5-percent increase in simulated mean annual streamflow at the State Street gaging station, and a 2.2-percent increase in simulated basin infiltration. Results of a frequency analysis of the simulated annual streamflow at the State Street gaging station showed that when effective impervious and non-effective impervious areas were increased 100 percent, simulated annual streamflow increased about 100 percent for low-flow conditions and was unchanged for high-flow conditions. The simulated increase in streamflow at the State Street gaging station potentially could infiltrate along the stream channel further downstream, outside of the model area.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri024090","usgsCitation":"Guay, J.R., 2002, Rainfall-runoff characteristics and effects of increased urban density on streamflow and infiltration in the eastern part of the San Jacinto River basin, Riverside County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4090, 125 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024090.","productDescription":"125 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":3152,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri024090","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":163557,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db64974f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guay, Joel R.","contributorId":22403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guay","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":209614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70210583,"text":"70210583 - 2002 - Geographic information systems compilation of geophysical, geologic, and tectonic data for the Bering Shelf, Chukchi Sea, Arctic margin, and adjacent landmasses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-11T14:42:31.027467","indexId":"70210583","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-10T13:43:29","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1727,"text":"GSA Special Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geographic information systems compilation of geophysical, geologic, and tectonic data for the Bering Shelf, Chukchi Sea, Arctic margin, and adjacent landmasses","docAbstract":"The accompanying CD-ROM contains a compilation of geophysical, geologic, and tectonic data for the Bering Shelf, the Chukchi Sea, the Arctic margin, and adjacent landmasses. These data sets focus on Alaska, the Russian Far East, and the continental shelves that link these two landmasses. For compatibility with other available geographic information system (GIS) products, our GIS compilation extends from 120°E to 115°W, and from 40°N to 80°N. This area encompasses the region from the modern Paciµc plate boundary of the Japan, Kurile, and Aleutian subduction zones, the Queen Charlotte transform fault, and the Cascadia subduction zone (in the south) to the continent-ocean transition from the Eurasian and North American continents to the Arctic Ocean (in the north); and from the diffuse Eurasian–North American plate boundary, including the probable Okhotsk plate (in the west) to the Alaskan-Canadian Cordilleran fold belt (in the east). The CD-ROM comprises thematic layers of spatial data sets for topography, gravity µeld, magnetic µeld, earthquakes, volcanoes, geology, tectonostratigraphic terranes, and cultural reference features, and also includes metadata (data about the data) for all these data sets. The spatial data sets can be viewed, analyzed, and plotted with commercial GIS software (ArcView and ARC/Info) or through a freeware program (ArcExplorer) that is included on this CD-ROM. This GIS compilation provides data for studies of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic collisional and accretionary tectonics that assembled this continental crust and of the neotectonics of active and passive plate margins in this region, and for constructing and interpreting geophysical, geologic, and tectonic models of the region.
","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/0-8137-2360-4.359","usgsCitation":"Klemperer, S.L., Greninger, M.L., and Nokleberg, W.J., 2002, Geographic information systems compilation of geophysical, geologic, and tectonic data for the Bering Shelf, Chukchi Sea, Arctic margin, and adjacent landmasses: GSA Special Papers, v. 360, p. 359-374, https://doi.org/10.1130/0-8137-2360-4.359.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"359","endPage":"374","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375500,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Russia, United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Arctic margin, Bering Shelf, Chukchi Sea","volume":"360","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klemperer, Simon L.","contributorId":106929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klemperer","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":790680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Greninger, Mark L.","contributorId":72816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greninger","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":790681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nokleberg, Warren J. 0000-0002-1574-8869 wnokleberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1574-8869","contributorId":2077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nokleberg","given":"Warren","email":"wnokleberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70210480,"text":"70210480 - 2002 - Evaporite tectonism in the lower Roaring Fork River valley, west-central Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-04T16:14:04.320733","indexId":"70210480","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-04T10:58:40","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1727,"text":"GSA Special Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaporite tectonism in the lower Roaring Fork River valley, west-central Colorado","docAbstract":"Evaporite tectonism in the lower Roaring Fork River valley in west-central Colorado has caused regional subsidence of a differentially downdropped area in the southern part of the Carbondale collapse center during the late Cenozoic. A prominent topographic depression coincides with this collapse area, and drainage patterns within the collapse area contrast sharply with those outside of it. Miocene volcanic rocks are downdropped as much as 1220 m in the collapse area. Much of the structural lowering occurred along the margins of the collapse area. Major Laramide-age structures bound the east and west sides of the collapse area, but movement on these structures during late Cenozoic collapse was in an opposite direction to their Laramide movement. Within the interior part of the collapse area faults and folds have as much as \u0001300 m of structural relief. Large blocks of rock may be rafting into the Roaring Fork River valley as underlying evaporite flows toward the valley. Sinkholes are common in the collapse area, as are closed, or nearly closed, structurally controlled topographic depressions that are formed in both surficial deposits and bedrock. Upper Cenozoic deltaic and lacustrine deposits preserved on ridgelines and mesas document the positions of former structural depressions that were initially filled with sediments and later breached by erosion. At least 450 m of syn-collapse sediments accumulated in a collapse depression on the north side of Mount Sopris. Complexly deformed and brecciated deposits in the interior parts of the collapse center are interpreted as collapse debris. Evaporite flow is an important element in the collapse process, and during early stages of collapse it was perhaps the primary means of deformation. Flow by itself, does not remove evaporite from the collapse area. Dissolution and accompanying transport of dissolved constituents by groundwater and surface water are the ultimate means by which evaporite exits the collapse area. Collapse continues today, as evidenced by historic sinkholes and modern high-salinity loads in rivers and thermal springs. Thick evaporite deposits still underlie much of the collapse area, so collapse will likely continue in the future.
","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/0-8137-2366-3.73","usgsCitation":"Kirkham, R., Streufert, R.K., Kunk, M.J., Budahn, J.R., Hudson, M., and Perry, W.J., 2002, Evaporite tectonism in the lower Roaring Fork River valley, west-central Colorado: GSA Special Papers, v. 366, p. 73-99, https://doi.org/10.1130/0-8137-2366-3.73.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"99","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375361,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Carbondale","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108.369140625,\n 39.18117526158749\n ],\n [\n -106.98486328124999,\n 39.18117526158749\n ],\n [\n -106.98486328124999,\n 40.06125658140474\n ],\n [\n -108.369140625,\n 40.06125658140474\n ],\n [\n -108.369140625,\n 39.18117526158749\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"366","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirkham, R. M.","contributorId":16915,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kirkham","given":"R. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":790335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Streufert, Randall K.","contributorId":45353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Streufert","given":"Randall","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":790336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kunk, Michael J. 0000-0003-4424-7825 mkunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4424-7825","contributorId":200968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kunk","given":"Michael","email":"mkunk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Budahn, James R. 0000-0001-9794-8882 jbudahn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9794-8882","contributorId":1175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budahn","given":"James","email":"jbudahn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hudson, Mark R. 0000-0003-0338-6079 mhudson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0338-6079","contributorId":1236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"Mark R.","email":"mhudson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Perry, William J. Jr.","contributorId":32498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"William","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":790340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":33013,"text":"wri20024077 - 2002 - Geohydrology and Numerical Simulation of Alternative Pumping Distributions and the Effects of Drought on the Ground-Water Flow System of Tinian, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:16","indexId":"wri20024077","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4077","title":"Geohydrology and Numerical Simulation of Alternative Pumping Distributions and the Effects of Drought on the Ground-Water Flow System of Tinian, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands","docAbstract":"Ground water in a freshwater lens is the main source of freshwater on Tinian, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. Four major geologic units make up the island with high-permeability limestone units overlying low-permeability volcanic rocks. Estimates of limestone hydraulic conductivity range from 21 to 23,000 feet per day.\r\n\r\nEstimates of water-budget components for Tinian are 82 inches per year of rainfall, about 6 inches per year of runoff, 46 inches per year of evapotranspiration, and 30 inches per year of recharge. From 1990?97, ground-water withdrawal from the Municipal well, the major source of water, averaged about 780 gallons per minute.\r\n\r\nA two-dimensional, steady-state, ground-water flow model using the computer code SHARP was developed for Tinian, to enhance the understanding of (1) the distribution of aquifer hydraulic properties, (2) the conceptual framework of the ground-water flow system, and (3) the effects of various pumping distributions and drought on water levels and the freshwater/saltwater transition zone. For modeling purposes, Tinian was divided into three horizontal hydraulic-conductivity zones: (1) highly permeable limestone, (2) less-permeable, clay-rich limestone, and (3) low-permeability volcanic rocks.\r\n\r\nThe following horizontal hydraulic conductivities were estimated: (1) 10,500 feet per day for the highly permeable limestone, (2) 800 feet per day for the less-permeable clay-rich limestone, and (3) 0.2 foot per day for the volcanic rocks.\r\n\r\nTo estimate the hydrologic effects of different pumping distributions on the aquifer, three different steady-state pumping scenarios were simulated, (1) a scenario with no ground-water pumping, (2) a 2001-pumping scenario, and (3) a maximum-pumping scenario.\r\n\r\nThe results of the no-pumping scenario showed that the freshwater/saltwater interface beneath the Municipal well would be about 7 feet deeper and ground-water discharge to the coast would be higher along both the east and west coasts of the island when compared with 1990-97 pumping conditions. For the maximum pumping scenario, the model-calculated freshwater/saltwater interface is about 7 feet shallower than the position calculated in the base-case scenario.\r\n\r\nTo estimate the hydrologic effects of drought on the freshwater lens, the 2001- and maximum-pumping scenarios were simulated using three combinations of aquifer porosity values covering a range of possible limestone properties. In all scenarios, recharge was reduced to 10 percent of average estimated recharge and the transient response was simulated for 1 year. These simulations demonstrated that the ground-water resource is adequate to withstand a drought similar to that experienced in 1998 using existing infrastructure.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/wri20024077","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Commonwealth Utilities Corporation, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands","usgsCitation":"Gingerich, S.B., 2002, Geohydrology and Numerical Simulation of Alternative Pumping Distributions and the Effects of Drought on the Ground-Water Flow System of Tinian, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4077, vi, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri20024077.","productDescription":"vi, 46 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124660,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_2002_4077.jpg"},{"id":13776,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri02-4077/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 145.56666666666666,14.916666666666666 ], [ 145.56666666666666,15.1 ], [ 145.68333333333334,15.1 ], [ 145.68333333333334,14.916666666666666 ], [ 145.56666666666666,14.916666666666666 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8d90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gingerich, Stephen B. 0000-0002-4381-0746 sbginger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4381-0746","contributorId":1426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gingerich","given":"Stephen","email":"sbginger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":209688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":32977,"text":"ofr0223 - 2002 - Gain-loss study of lower San Pedro Creek and the San Antonio River, San Antonio, Texas, May-October 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-12T16:43:39","indexId":"ofr0223","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-23","title":"Gain-loss study of lower San Pedro Creek and the San Antonio River, San Antonio, Texas, May-October 1999","docAbstract":"Five streamflow gain-loss measurement surveys were made along lower San Pedro Creek and the San Antonio River from Mitchell Street to South Loop 410 east of Kelly Air Force Base in San Antonio, Texas, during May–October 1999. All of the measurements were made during dry periods, when stormwater runoff was not occurring and effects of possible bank storage were minimized. San Pedro Creek and the San Antonio River were divided into six subreaches, and streamflow measurements were made simultaneously at the boundaries of these subreaches so that streamflow gains or losses and estimates of inflow from or outflow to shallow ground water could be quantified for each subreach. There are two possible sources of ground-water inflow to lower San Pedro Creek and the San Antonio River east of Kelly Air Force Base. One source is direct inflow of shallow ground water into the streams. The other source is ground water that enters tributaries that flow into the San Antonio River. The estimated mean direct inflow of ground water to the combined San Pedro Creek and San Antonio River study reach was 3.0 cubic feet per second or 1.9 million gallons per day. The mean tributary inflow of ground water was estimated to be 1.9 cubic feet per second or 1.2 million gallons per day. The total estimated inflow of shallow ground water was 4.9 cubic feet per second or 3.2 million gallons per day. The amount of inflow from springs and seeps (estimated by observation) is much less than the amount of direct ground-water inflow estimated from the gain-loss measurements. Therefore, the presence of springs and seeps might not be a reliable indicator of the source of shallow ground water entering the river. Most of the shallow ground water that enters the San Antonio River from tributary inflow enters from the west side, through Concepcion Creek, inflows near Riverside Golf Course, and Six-Mile Creek.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr0223","collaboration":"In cooperation with the U.S. Air Force, Air Logistics Center, Kelly Air Force Base, Environmental Management Office","usgsCitation":"Ockerman, D.J., 2002, Gain-loss study of lower San Pedro Creek and the San Antonio River, San Antonio, Texas, May-October 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-23, HTML document; Report: iii, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0223.","productDescription":"HTML document; Report: iii, 15 p.","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":163367,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr0223.JPG"},{"id":333154,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/ofr02-023/pdf/ofr02-023.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.69 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":3139,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr02-023/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"San Antonio","otherGeospatial":"San Pedro Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.6,\n 29.5\n ],\n [\n -98.6,\n 29.3\n ],\n [\n -98.4,\n 29.3\n ],\n [\n -98.4,\n 29.5\n ],\n [\n -98.6,\n 29.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b141b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ockerman, Darwin J. 0000-0003-1958-1688 ockerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1958-1688","contributorId":1579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ockerman","given":"Darwin","email":"ockerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":209597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}