No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr67236","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1967, Aeromagnetic map of part of the Fallen Leaf Lake Quadrangle, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 67-236, 1 Plate: 30.47 x 42.31 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr67236.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 30.47 x 42.31 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":169030,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1967/0236/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":398400,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1967/0236/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"62500","country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Fallen Leaf Lake Quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.18768310546875,\n 38.76479194327964\n ],\n [\n -119.94049072265625,\n 38.76479194327964\n ],\n [\n -119.94049072265625,\n 38.982897808179985\n ],\n [\n -120.18768310546875,\n 38.982897808179985\n ],\n [\n -120.18768310546875,\n 38.76479194327964\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4b6de4b0b290850f0598","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":530651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":3075,"text":"wsp1881 - 1967 - Quality of surface waters of the United States, 1961, Parts 1 and 2: North Atlantic slope basins and South Atlantic slope and Eastern Gulf of Mexico basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:38","indexId":"wsp1881","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1881","title":"Quality of surface waters of the United States, 1961, Parts 1 and 2: North Atlantic slope basins and South Atlantic slope and Eastern Gulf of Mexico basins","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1881","usgsCitation":"Love, S.K., 1967, Quality of surface waters of the United States, 1961, Parts 1 and 2: North Atlantic slope basins and South Atlantic slope and Eastern Gulf of Mexico basins: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1881, xi, 412 p. :ill. ;23 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1881.","productDescription":"xi, 412 p. :ill. ;23 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139410,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1881/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":29947,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1881/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a8be4b07f02db651adb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Love, S. K.","contributorId":27419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Love","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":64030,"text":"gp603 - 1967 - Aeromagnetic map of part of the Beechwood quadrangle, Michigan and Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:01","indexId":"gp603","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":317,"text":"Geophysical Investigations Map","code":"GP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"603","title":"Aeromagnetic map of part of the Beechwood quadrangle, Michigan and Wisconsin","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/gp603","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1967, Aeromagnetic map of part of the Beechwood quadrangle, Michigan and Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Geophysical Investigations Map 603, 1 map., https://doi.org/10.3133/gp603.","productDescription":"1 map.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":250459,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/0603/report.pdf","size":"37","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":250460,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/0603/plate-1.pdf","size":"2838","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":253960,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/0603/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"62500","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -89,46 ], [ -89,46.25 ], [ -88.75,46.25 ], [ -88.75,46 ], [ -89,46 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4affe4b07f02db697c1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":533499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":42102,"text":"ofr67252 - 1967 - Aeromagnetic map of the Schurz, Gillis Canyon, Mount Grant, and Hawthorne quadrangles, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-25T18:36:08.854115","indexId":"ofr67252","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"67-252","title":"Aeromagnetic map of the Schurz, Gillis Canyon, Mount Grant, and Hawthorne quadrangles, Nevada","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr67252","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1967, Aeromagnetic map of the Schurz, Gillis Canyon, Mount Grant, and Hawthorne quadrangles, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 67-252, 1 Plate: 29.56 x 41.31 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr67252.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 29.56 x 41.31 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":492930,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_8207.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":79846,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1967/0252/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":176617,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Schurz, Gillis Canyon, Mount Grant, and Hawthorne quadrangles","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -119,\n 38.5\n ],\n [\n -118.5,\n 38.5\n ],\n [\n -118.5,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -119,\n 39\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aeee4b07f02db69125e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":530835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":41808,"text":"ofr67247 - 1967 - Aeromagnetic map of part of the Pilot quadrangle, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-25T18:18:20.444606","indexId":"ofr67247","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"67-247","title":"Aeromagnetic map of part of the Pilot quadrangle, Nevada","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr67247","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1967, Aeromagnetic map of part of the Pilot quadrangle, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 67-247, 1 Plate: 29.52 x 41.34 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr67247.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 29.52 x 41.34 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":492927,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_8202.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":79531,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1967/0247/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":169044,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Pilot quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118,\n 39.284\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -117.5,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -117.5,\n 39.284\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 39.284\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db697874","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":530635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1344,"text":"wsp1535M - 1967 - Annual variations in chemical composition of atmospheric precipitation, eastern North Carolina and southeastern Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:13","indexId":"wsp1535M","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1535","chapter":"M","title":"Annual variations in chemical composition of atmospheric precipitation, eastern North Carolina and southeastern Virginia","docAbstract":"A 2-year study of precipitation composition over eastern North Carolina and southeastern Virginia has been completed. Chemical analyses were made of the major ions in monthly rainfall samples from each of 12 sampling locations. Areal and seasonal distributions were determined for chloride, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, sulfate, and nitrate. \r\n\r\nAnnual changes in loads and in geographical distribution of sulfate and of nitrate are small. Yearly rainfall sulfate loads amount to approximately 7 tons per square mile, whereas deposition of nitrate is about 2 tons per square mile per year in the interior of the network and less near the coast. Areal patterns of chloride content are consistent with the assumption that the ocean is the only major source of rainfall chloride in the area. Chloride loads were 2.1 and 1.8 tons per square mile per year; the difference can be attributed to meteorological conditions. \r\n\r\nCation concentrations in network precipitation appear to depend on localized sources, probably soil dust. Annual loads of the major cations are approximately 2 tons per square mile of calcium, 1.8 tons per square mile of sodium, 0.5 ton per square mile of magnesium, and 0.3 ton per square mile of potassium; considerable year-to-year differences were noted in these values. \r\n\r\nBicarbonate and hydrogen ion in network rainfall are closely related to the relative concentrations of sulfate and calcium. Apparently, reaction of an acidic sulfur-containing aerosol with an alkaline calcium source is one of the principal controls on precipitation alkalinity and pH. \r\n\r\nIons in precipitation contribute substantially to the quality of surface water in the network area. Comparisons between precipitation input and stream export of ions for four North Carolina rivers show that rainfall sulfate is equal to sulfate discharged, whereas nitrate in rain slightly exceeds stream nitrate. Contributions of cations to the streams by way of precipitation range from about 20 percent for potassium to almost 50 percent for calcium. \r\n\r\nChloride deposited by precipitation amounts to about one-fourth of the stream load. Additions of manufactured salt may account for much of the remainder of the surface-water load.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1535M","usgsCitation":"Fisher, D.W., 1967, Annual variations in chemical composition of atmospheric precipitation, eastern North Carolina and southeastern Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1535, iv, 21 p. :ill. ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1535M.","productDescription":"iv, 21 p. :ill. ;24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137452,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1535m/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":26415,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1535m/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67b7b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fisher, Donald W.","contributorId":106468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":970,"text":"wsp1869A - 1967 - Definition of stage-discharge relation in natural channels by step-backwater analysis","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":52494,"text":"ofr65132 - 1965 - Definition of stage-discharge relations by step-backwater analysis","indexId":"ofr65132","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"title":"Definition of stage-discharge relations by step-backwater analysis"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":970,"text":"wsp1869A - 1967 - Definition of stage-discharge relation in natural channels by step-backwater analysis","indexId":"wsp1869A","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"Definition of stage-discharge relation in natural channels by step-backwater analysis"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:16","indexId":"wsp1869A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1869","chapter":"A","title":"Definition of stage-discharge relation in natural channels by step-backwater analysis","docAbstract":"The step-backwater method was investigated as a technique for defining the upper part of stage-discharge relation in a natural channel. State-discharge relations at 28 sites were computed by using this technique and compared with corresponding stage-discharge relations defined by current-meter measurements. In general, the agreement is remarkably good, and the step-backwater method should prove useful at many sites where current-meter measurements are not obtained.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1869A","usgsCitation":"Bailey, J.F., and Ray, H., 1967, Definition of stage-discharge relation in natural channels by step-backwater analysis: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1869, iv, 24 p. :ill. ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1869A.","productDescription":"iv, 24 p. :ill. ;24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137043,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1869a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":25510,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1869a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a52e4b07f02db62a8d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bailey, James F.","contributorId":91834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":142943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ray, H.A.","contributorId":64634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ray","given":"H.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":142942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1224,"text":"wsp1839M - 1967 - A comparison of methods of estimating potential evapotranspiration from climatological data in arid and subhumid environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:17","indexId":"wsp1839M","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1839","chapter":"M","title":"A comparison of methods of estimating potential evapotranspiration from climatological data in arid and subhumid environments","docAbstract":"This study compared potential evapotranspiration, computed from climatological data by each of six empirical methods, with pan evaporation adjusted to equivalent lake evaporation by regional coefficients. The six methods tested were the Thornthwaite, U.S. Weather Bureau (a modification of the Permian method), Lowry-Johnson, Blaney-Criddle, Lane, and Hamon methods. The test was limited to 25 sites in the arid and subhumid parts of Arizona, California, and Nevada, where pan evaporation and concurrent climatological data were available. However, some of the sites lacked complete climatological data for the application of all six methods. Average values of adjusted pan evaporation and computed potential evapotransp4ration were compared for two periods---the calendar year and the 6-month period from May 1 through October 31. \r\n\r\nThe 25 sites sampled a wide range of climatic conditions. Ten sites (group 1) were in a highly arid environment and four (group 2) were in an arid environment that was modified by extensive irrigation. The remaining 11 sites (group 3) were in a subhumid environment. \r\n\r\nOnly the Weather Bureau method gave estimates of potential evapotranspiration that closely agreed with the adjusted pan evaporation at all sites where the method was used. However, lack of climatological data restricted the use of the Weather Bureau method to seven sites. Results obtained by use of the Thornthwaite, Lowry-Johnson, and Hamon methods were consistently low. Results obtained by use of the Lane method agreed with adjusted pan evaporation at the group 1 sites but were consistently high at the group 2 and 3 sites. During the analysis it became apparent that adjusted pan evaporation in an arid environment (group 1 sites) was a spurious standard for evaluating the reliability of .the methods that were tested. Group 1 data were accordingly not considered when making conclusions as ,to which of the six methods tested was best. \r\n\r\nThe results of this study for group 2 and 3 data indicated that the Blaney-Criddle method, which uses climatological data that can be readily obtained or deduced, was the most practical of the six methods for estimating potential evapotranspiration. At all 15 sites in the two environments, potential evapotranspiration computed by the Blaney-Criddle method checked the adjusted pan evaporation within ?22 percent. This percentage range is generally considered to be the range of reliability for estimating lake evaporation from evaporation pans.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1839M","usgsCitation":"Cruff, R., and Thompson, T.H., 1967, A comparison of methods of estimating potential evapotranspiration from climatological data in arid and subhumid environments: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1839, iv, 28 p. :ill., map ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1839M.","productDescription":"iv, 28 p. :ill., map ;24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137902,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1839m/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":26140,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1839m/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b27e4b07f02db6b0f6a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cruff, R.W.","contributorId":77510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cruff","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thompson, T. H.","contributorId":23927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":2380,"text":"wsp1839K - 1967 - Ground-water resources of the Pascagoula River basin, Mississippi and Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:19","indexId":"wsp1839K","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1839","chapter":"K","title":"Ground-water resources of the Pascagoula River basin, Mississippi and Alabama","docAbstract":"Abundant ground-water resources underlie the Pascagoula River basin. These resources have been developed intensively in only a few places--namely, Hattiesburg, Laurel, Meridian, and Pascagoula. Seepage from the ground water reservoirs sustains the base flows of the Leaf, Chickasawhay, Pascagoula, and Escatawpa Rivers and their tributaries. \r\n\r\nThe fresh-water-bearing section is 300 to 3,500 feet thick and is composed chiefly of sand and clay of Eocene to Recent age. Major rock units represented are the Wilcox, Claiborne, Jackson, and Vicksburg Groups and formations of Miocene and Pliocene ages. \r\n\r\nAquifers in the Claiborne Group provide water for all purposes in the northern third of the basin. The Claiborne is underlain by the potentially important but virtually untapped Wilcox Group. Miocene aquifers are the main source of water supplies in the southern half of the basin, but Pliocene aquifers furnish most supplies in the Jackson County area at the basin's southern extremity. Much of the fresh-water section has undergone no water-supply development because of the great depth of many aquifers and the availability, at shallow depths, of supplies adequate for present needs. However, a large part of any substantial increase in ground-water withdrawal will probably come from wells deeper than those commonly drilled in the region. \r\n\r\nGround-water levels are within 50 feet of the surface in most places, and flowing wells are common in the valleys and near the coast. Water-level declines due to pumping have become serious problems only in a few localities of heavy withdrawal. In most of these places redistribution of pumpage would alleviate the problem of excessive drawdown. \r\n\r\nAlthough few wells in the basin yield more than 500 gallons per minute, yields of 2,000 gallons per minute or more could be reasonably expected from efficiently constructed wells almost anywhere in the region. \r\n\r\nTotal ground-water pumpage is estimated to be about 60 million gallons per day. Potential pumpage is many times that figure. Well fields capable of yielding several million gallons of water per day would be feasible in most places. The ground water is of good to excellent quality. Most of it is a sodium bicarbonate type of water. It usually is soft and has a low to moderate dissolved-solids content. Excessive iron is a problem in places, particularly where water supplies are obtained from shallow aquifers, but at least a part of the excess iron comes from corrosion of well and distribution-line fittings by slightly acidic water. \r\n\r\nSalt-water encroachment is a potential problem in the coastal area, but little increase in salinity has been observed in monitor wells in the period 1960-65. Saline-water resources are available for development at considerable depth in most of the region.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1839K","usgsCitation":"Newcome, R., 1967, Ground-water resources of the Pascagoula River basin, Mississippi and Alabama: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1839, iv, 36 p. :ill., maps ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1839K.","productDescription":"iv, 36 p. :ill., maps ;24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137799,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1839k/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":28339,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1839k/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a96e4b07f02db65a70d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Newcome, Roy","contributorId":14796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newcome","given":"Roy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":2262,"text":"wsp1839N - 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1967 - Maps of the Columbia River Irrigation Project area, Washington, showing water-level altitudes, March-April 1963","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:14","indexId":"ofr6717","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"67-17","title":"Maps of the Columbia River Irrigation Project area, Washington, showing water-level altitudes, March-April 1963","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr6717","usgsCitation":"Bingham, J., 1967, Maps of the Columbia River Irrigation Project area, Washington, showing water-level altitudes, March-April 1963: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 67-17, 2 maps., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr6717.","productDescription":"2 maps.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":169822,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fc0dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bingham, J.W.","contributorId":35295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bingham","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1984,"text":"wsp1696E - 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1967 - Waterfowl status report 1967","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:52","indexId":"ssrw111","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":83,"text":"Special Scientific Report - Wildlife","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"111","title":"Waterfowl status report 1967","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Hansen, H.A., 1967, Waterfowl status report 1967 (Updates and revises Special Scientific Report-Wildlife 61 (1961).): Special Scientific Report - Wildlife 111, ii, 144 p.","productDescription":"ii, 144 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":112079,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015018205214?urlappend=%3Bseq=35"},{"id":165440,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Updates and revises Special Scientific Report-Wildlife 61 (1961).","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49ffe4b07f02db5f78a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hansen, Henry A. 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1967 - Aeromagnetic map of the Keweenaw Bay area, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:56","indexId":"gp608","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":317,"text":"Geophysical Investigations Map","code":"GP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"608","title":"Aeromagnetic map of the Keweenaw Bay area, Michigan","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/gp608","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1967, Aeromagnetic map of the Keweenaw Bay area, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Geophysical Investigations Map 608, 1 map., https://doi.org/10.3133/gp608.","productDescription":"1 map.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":250221,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/0608/report.pdf","size":"33","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":250222,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/0608/plate-1.pdf","size":"8628","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":253759,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/0608/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"62500","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -88.5,46.5 ], [ -88.5,47 ], [ -88.08333333333333,47 ], [ -88.08333333333333,46.5 ], [ -88.5,46.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af4e4b07f02db691f96","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":533376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":2877,"text":"wsp1330H - 1967 - Water requirements of the iron and steel industry","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":2877,"text":"wsp1330H - 1967 - Water requirements of the iron and steel industry","indexId":"wsp1330H","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"chapter":"H","title":"Water requirements of the iron and steel industry"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70188911,"text":"wsp1330 - 1955 - Water requirements of selected industries","indexId":"wsp1330","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"title":"Water requirements of selected industries"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70188911,"text":"wsp1330 - 1955 - Water requirements of selected industries","indexId":"wsp1330","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"title":"Water requirements of selected industries"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-27T14:25:24","indexId":"wsp1330H","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1330","chapter":"H","title":"Water requirements of the iron and steel industry","docAbstract":"Twenty-nine steel plants surveyed during 1957 and 1958 withdrew from various sources about 1,400 billion gallons of water annually and produced 40.8 million tons of ingot steel. This is equivalent to about 34,000 gallons of water per ton of steel. Fifteen iron ore mines and fifteen ore concentration plants together withdrew annually about 89,000 million gallons to produce 15 million tons of iron ore concentrate, or 5,900 gallons per ton of concentrate. About 97 percent of the water used in the steel plants came from surface sources, 2.2 percent was reclaimed sewage, and 1.2 percent was ground water. Steel plants supplied about 96 percent of their own water requirements, although only three plants used self-supplied water exclusively. Water used by the iron ore mines and concentration plants was also predominantly self supplied from surface source.
Water use in the iron and steel industry varied widely and depended on the availability of water, age and condition of plants and equipment, kinds of processes, and plant operating procedures. Gross water use in integrated steel plants ranged from 11,200 to 110,000 gallons per ton of steel ingots, and in steel processing plants it ranged from 4,180 to 26,700 gallons per ton. Water reuse also varied widely from 0 to 18 times in integrated steel plants and from 0 to 44 times in steel processing plants. Availability of water seemed to be the principal factor in determining the rate of reuse. Of the units within steel plants, a typical (median) blast furnace required 20,500 gallons of water per ton of pig iron. At the 1956-60 average rate of pig iron consumption, this amounts to about 13,000 gallons per ton of steel ingots or about 40 percent of that required by a typical integrated steel plant 33,200 gallons per ton. Different processes of iron ore concentration are devised specifically for the various kinds of ore. These processes result in a wide range of water use from 124 to 11,300 gallons of water per ton of iron ore concentrate. Water use in concentration plants is related to the physical state of the ore. The data in this report indicate that grain size of the ore is the most important factor; the very fine grained taconite and jasper required the greatest amount of water. Reuse was not widely practiced in the iron ore industry.
Consumption of water by integrated steel plants ranged from 0 to 2,010 gallons per ton of ingot steel and by steel processing plants from 120 to 3,420 gallons per ton. Consumption by a typical integrated steel plant was 681 gallons per ton of ingot steel, about 1.8 percent of the intake and about 1 percent of the gross water use. Consumption by a typical steel processing plant was 646 gallons per ton, 18 percent of the intake, and 3.2 percent of the gross water use.
The quality of available water was found not to be a critical factor in choosing the location of steel plants, although changes in equipment and in operating procedures are necessary when poor-quality water is used. The use of saline water having a concentration of dissolved solids as much as 10,400 ppm (parts per million) was reported. This very saline water was used for cooling furnaces and for quenching slag. In operations such as rolling steel in which the water comes into contact with the steel being processed, better quality water is used, although water containing as much as 3,410 ppm dissolved solids has been used for this purpose. Treatment of water for use in the iron and steel industry was not widely practiced. Disinfection and treatment for scale and corrosion control were the most frequently used treatment methods.
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L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":40721,"text":"ofr678 - 1967 - Measured stratigraphic sections, Salt Croton and Croton Creek valleys, Kent and Stonewall Counties, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-24T11:24:30","indexId":"ofr678","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"67-8","title":"Measured stratigraphic sections, Salt Croton and Croton Creek valleys, Kent and Stonewall Counties, Texas","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr678","usgsCitation":"Baker, R.C., 1967, Measured stratigraphic sections, Salt Croton and Croton Creek valleys, Kent and Stonewall Counties, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 67-8, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr678.","productDescription":"24 p.","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":77995,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1967/0008/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":77996,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1967/0008/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":171314,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1967/0008/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":77994,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1967/0008/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db610f85","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baker, R. C.","contributorId":79084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":223854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":2984,"text":"wsp1842 - 1967 - Water resources of the Marquette Iron Range area, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-06T15:26:08","indexId":"wsp1842","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1842","title":"Water resources of the Marquette Iron Range area, Michigan","docAbstract":"Large quantities of water are needed in the beneficiation and pelletizing processes by which the ore mined from low-grade iron-formations is upgraded into an excellent raw material for the iron and steel industry. Extensive reserves of low-grade iron-formation available for development herald an intensification of the demands upon the area's water supplies. This study was designed to provide water facts for public and private agencies in planning orderly development and in guiding the management of the water resources to meet existing and new requirements.
Inland lakes and streams are the best potential sources of water for immediate development. The natural flow available for 90 percent of the time in the Middle and East Branches of the Escanaba River, the Carp River, and the Michigamme River is about 190 cubic feet per second. Potential storage sites are identified, and their complete development could increase the available supply from the above streams to about 450 cubic feet per second.
Outwash deposits are the best potential sources of ground water. Large supplies could be developed from extensive outwash deposits in the eastern part of the area adjacent to Goose Lake Outlet and the East Branch Escanaba River. Other areas of outwash occur in the vicinity of Humboldt, West Branch Creek, and along the stream valleys. Streamflow data were used to make rough approximations of the ground-water potential in some areas. In general, however, the available data were not sufficient to permit quantitative evaluation of the potential ground-water supplies.
Chemical quality of the surface and ground waters of the area is generally acceptable for most uses. Suspended sediment in the form of mineral tailings in effluents from ore-processing plants is a potential problem. Existing plants use settling basins to effectively remove most of the suspended material. Available records indicate that suspended-sediment concentrations and loads in the receiving waters have not been significantly increased by these operations.
Present water use is about 60 cubic feet per second in the area. Thus, available water supplies are believed to be adequate for existing and foreseeable new uses. Water management, rather than water availability, is of prime consideration in this area. Time distribution of available water supplies, distribution of water to points of use, effect of surface-water development upon ground water and vice versa, and possible conflicts with competing uses are some of the management problems that are discussed. The presence of many inland lakes, favorable storage sites on streams, and several promising acquifers provide flexibility in possible water-management operations. A discussion of the interrelationships between surface and ground water and a ground-water budget are presented to render a better understanding of the hydrologic system with which water management will be concerned.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp1842","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Michigan","usgsCitation":"Wiitala, S.W., Newport, T.G., and Skinner, E.L., 1967, Water resources of the Marquette Iron Range area, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1842, Document: ix, 142 p.; 4 Plates: 30.00 x 20.25 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1842.","productDescription":"Document: ix, 142 p.; 4 Plates: 30.00 x 20.25 inches or smaller","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science 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Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"67-2","title":"The geohydrology of Pinnacles National Monument, California","docAbstract":"Water supplies for Pinnacles National Monument are obtained from a collection gallery in alluvium and from a flowing well which obtains water from fractured breccia and tuff near a fault.
Rocks other than alluvium, in all but the northern fourth of the monument, are dense igneous or metamorphic types that, unless fractured, have little potential for development of ground water. However, in some areas near faults these rocks probably will yield small supplies of water. The alluvium along Chalone Creek contains water of good chemical quality in quantities sufficient to supply the monument's needs. The Temblor Formation, a fanglomerate in the northeastern part of the monument, seems to be capable of absorbing and transmitting water but has not been drilled. A test well to determine the potential of the Temblor is suggested.
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