{"pageNumber":"2532","pageRowStart":"63275","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68802,"records":[{"id":70207262,"text":"70207262 - 1966 - The effect of climate on drainage density and streamflow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-15T08:09:03","indexId":"70207262","displayToPublicDate":"1966-09-30T08:06:30","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5334,"text":"International Association of Scientific Hydrology - Bulletin ","onlineIssn":"2150-3435","printIssn":"0262-6667","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of climate on drainage density and streamflow","docAbstract":"<p><span>Sir Charles Cotton (1964) has pointed out that in an earlier paper (Carlston, 1963) which related drainage density to hydrology, there was insufficient emphasis on the role of climate in its effect on drainage density. Re-examination of the relation of drainage density to base flow in the 15 basins originally described has revealed additional evidence that base flow is affected by precipitation or recharge (a climatic variable), while varying inversely with drainage density.Within the climatic region studied in the earlier paper (the Humid Subtropical Climate of the eastern U. S.), no evidence could be found that amount or intensity of rainfall affected the intensity of flood runoff or the scale of drainage density. In comparison with other climates, however, such as the Marine West Coast Climate, it is possible that the less intense precipitation of a marine climate may result in lower runoff intensities and lower drainage densities, however the lower mean temperatures of such climates may develop soils of generally higher infiltration capacity which would produce lower drainage densities.A progressive increase in aridity results in a decrease in soil and vegetal cover which greatly magnifies the range of drainage densities characteristic of semi-arid regions. In such regions, where the land sur-face has a good infiltration capacity rainfall sinks readily into the dry soil (although recharge to ground water may be negligible), and runoff is virtually zero, as is drainage density, Impermeable terranes devoid of vegetal and soil cover reject the rain, runoff is briefly total and drainage density may be greatly magnified, as in the South Dakota Badlands, where drainage density runs into the hundreds. Arid or Desert Climates should produce erosional landforms with generally high drainage densities, though not reaching the magnitudes of drainage density found in the semi-arid badlands where rainfall intensities are much higher. © 1966 Taylor &amp; Francis Group, LLC.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis Group ","doi":"10.1080/02626666609493481","issn":"00206024","usgsCitation":"Carlston, C., 1966, The effect of climate on drainage density and streamflow: International Association of Scientific Hydrology - Bulletin , v. 11, no. 3, p. 62-69, https://doi.org/10.1080/02626666609493481.","productDescription":"8 p. ","startPage":"62","endPage":"69","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480350,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02626666609493481","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":370268,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carlston, C.W.","contributorId":26062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlston","given":"C.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70010738,"text":"70010738 - 1966 - Calcium and bromide contents of natural waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-10T15:31:00.41142","indexId":"70010738","displayToPublicDate":"1966-09-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Calcium and bromide contents of natural waters","docAbstract":"<p><span>The linear relation observed in a log Ca</span><sup>++</sup><span>&nbsp;versus log Br</span><sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;plot for subsurface Cl</span><sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;waters is attributed to ultrafiltration by shale of sea water and fresh water that have passed through sedimentary rocks since their formation. Reactions between these solutions and sedimentary minerals, particularly dolomitization, must have contributed additional Ca</span><sup>++</sup><span>&nbsp;to solution.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.153.3744.1637","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Anderson, R., Graf, D.L., and Jones, B., 1966, Calcium and bromide contents of natural waters: Science, v. 153, no. 3744, p. 1637-1638, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.153.3744.1637.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"1637","endPage":"1638","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219563,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"153","issue":"3744","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f2f7e4b0c8380cd4b4fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, R.J.","contributorId":90031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graf, D. L.","contributorId":61484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graf","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, B.F.","contributorId":52156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"B.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70179682,"text":"70179682 - 1966 - Surface-water characteristics of the North Branch Clinton River basin, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-11T10:40:24","indexId":"70179682","displayToPublicDate":"1966-07-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":375,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Surface-water characteristics of the North Branch Clinton River basin, Michigan","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70179682","usgsCitation":"Knutilla, R., 1966, Surface-water characteristics of the North Branch Clinton River basin, Michigan: Open-File Report, iii, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70179682.","productDescription":"iii, 33 p.","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333045,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"North Branch Clinton River basin","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58775351e4b0315b4c11ff54","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knutilla, R. L.","contributorId":65451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knutilla","given":"R. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70221258,"text":"70221258 - 1966 - An analysis of ground‐water fluctuations caused by ocean tides in Glynn County, Georgia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-08T17:58:06.072842","indexId":"70221258","displayToPublicDate":"1966-07-01T12:51:22","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An analysis of ground‐water fluctuations caused by ocean tides in Glynn County, Georgia","docAbstract":"<p><span>The tidal efficiencies of wells tapping the principal artesian aquifer&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;</span>Glynn<span>&nbsp;</span>County<span>,&nbsp;</span>Georgia<span>&nbsp;decrease with distance from the influencing tidal body and also decrease with well depth. Although the magnitude of&nbsp;</span>water<span>‐level&nbsp;</span>fluctuation<span>&nbsp;of these wells is largely dependent upon the distance to a large tidal body, the time of a high or a low&nbsp;</span>water<span>&nbsp;level&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;the wells is mainly dependent upon the time of a high or a low&nbsp;</span>tide<span>&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;a small, nearby tidal body. A modified formula for computing tidal efficiency is developed: (Formula Presented.) From this formula, tidal efficiency can be calculated rapidly and easily.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley Blackwell","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1966.tb01603.x","usgsCitation":"Gregg, D.O., 1966, An analysis of ground‐water fluctuations caused by ocean tides in Glynn County, Georgia: Groundwater, v. 4, no. 3, p. 24-32, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1966.tb01603.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"24","endPage":"32","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386304,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United  States","state":"Georgia","county":"Glynn","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.86737060546875,\n              30.90222470517144\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.26312255859375,\n              30.90222470517144\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.26312255859375,\n              31.6042705179912\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.86737060546875,\n              31.6042705179912\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.86737060546875,\n              30.90222470517144\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gregg, D. O.","contributorId":17966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gregg","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70221248,"text":"70221248 - 1966 - Digital computer methods for water‐quality data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-08T15:28:33.090973","indexId":"70221248","displayToPublicDate":"1966-07-01T10:23:39","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Digital computer methods for water‐quality data","docAbstract":"<p>The digital computer is used on a routine basis in the ground-water program in Kansas for tasks ranging from the listing of water-quality data in tabular and publishable form to statistically and graphically analyzing a mass of data.</p><p>In the past year a number of computer programs in FORTRAN IV have been developed by Charles O. Morgan and Jesse M. McNellis using an IBM-7040 computer to store, retrieve, and manipulate water-quality data. These programs:</p><p>(1) Tabulate data at the rate of 40 chemical analyses of water per minute in a format similar to that found in the Kansas ground-water publications.</p><p>(2) Perform necessary calculations and print Stiff diagrams at the rate of 30 per minute.</p><p>(3) Perform necessary calculations and print Piper diagrams, including a square modification of the normally diamond-shaped cation-anion diagram, and trilinear diagrams of the cations and anions. The symbol representing the analyses located on the diagrams can be designated by either an analysis number or a geologic unit number. A cation-anion diagram showing the average chemical composition of water for an aquifer can also be printed. These diagrams for 50 analyses can be produced in 1.5 minutes.</p><p>(4) Plot maps of 42 individual, combined, or calculated parameters obtained from the data cards. These maps can be plotted to any specified scale and for as many as 10 designated geologic units. Computer time involved for one map with 50 plotted points is 15 seconds.</p><p>It is estimated that the use of these programs will save several man-months during a ground-water study, and the error inherent in the manual manipulation of data is greatly reduced. The present cost for running 50 analyses through the four water-quality programs on the computer is approximately $20.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"NGWA The Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1966.tb01605.x","usgsCitation":"Morgan, C., Dingman, R., and McNellis, J., 1966, Digital computer methods for water‐quality data: Groundwater, v. 4, no. 3, p. 35-42, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1966.tb01605.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"42","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386295,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morgan, C.O.","contributorId":24482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"C.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dingman, R.J.","contributorId":40645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dingman","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McNellis, J.M.","contributorId":58662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNellis","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70221261,"text":"70221261 - 1966 - Certain flows of air and water in sands during infiltration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-08T18:18:20.978391","indexId":"70221261","displayToPublicDate":"1966-06-01T13:12:01","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3419,"text":"Soil Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Certain flows of air and water in sands during infiltration","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.","doi":"10.1097/00010694-196606000-00004","usgsCitation":"Smith, W., Olsen, H.W., Bagnold, R., and Rice, J., 1966, Certain flows of air and water in sands during infiltration: Soil Science, v. 101, no. 6, p. 441-449, https://doi.org/10.1097/00010694-196606000-00004.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"441","endPage":"449","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386307,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"101","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, W.O.","contributorId":259750,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"W.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olsen, H. W.","contributorId":10060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bagnold, R.A.","contributorId":75994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bagnold","given":"R.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rice, J.","contributorId":39117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70171214,"text":"70171214 - 1966 - Contamination of the freshwater ecosystem by pesticides","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-25T15:57:22","indexId":"70171214","displayToPublicDate":"1966-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contamination of the freshwater ecosystem by pesticides","docAbstract":"<p><br /><span>A large part of our disquieting present-day pesticide problem is intimately tied to the freshwater ecosystem. Economic poisons are used in so many types of terrain to control so many kinds of organisms that almost all lakes and streams are likely to be contaminated. In addition to accidental contamination many pesticides are deliberately applied directly to fresh waters for suppression of aquatic animals or plants. The problem is intensified because of the extreme susceptibility of freshwater organisms. The complexity of freshwater environments and their variety makes it difficult to comprehend the total effect of pesticides.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.2307/2401442","usgsCitation":"Cope, O.B., 1966, Contamination of the freshwater ecosystem by pesticides: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 3, p. 33-44, https://doi.org/10.2307/2401442.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"33","endPage":"44","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321677,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5746ccb3e4b07e28b662dc5a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cope, Oliver B.","contributorId":13290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cope","given":"Oliver","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70185556,"text":"70185556 - 1966 - Water resources of Branch County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-23T15:41:46","indexId":"70185556","displayToPublicDate":"1966-05-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":142,"text":"Water Investigation","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"title":"Water resources of Branch County, Michigan","docAbstract":"<p>Branch County has abundant water resources throughout most of its area. Almost all the water used is supplied by wells that obtain water from glacial drift deposits and locally from fractures and sandy beds in the Coldwater Shale. Glacial drift in buried bedrock valleys may yield large quantities of water to wells. Well yields are generally adequate for domestic and farm supplies. Properly developed large-diameter wells tapping thick beds of sand and gravel of the glacial drift can yield up to several thousands of gallons per minute locally. The hundreds of lakes and the many perennial streams have great recreational value. They are also a large potential source of water for some supplies. For example, it is estimated that 88 billion gallons of water runs off in streams of the county in an average year, and the lakes o the county hold about 42billion gallons of water in storage.</p><p>Problems of water supply to wells exist locally in some moraine and till areas of where the glacial drift is thin and the underlying bedrock yields only small quantities of water or none at all.</p><p>Ground water is generally hard to very hard and often contains excessive iron. Salty water is mainly a problem in areas where bedrock is the chief source.</p><p>Floods are not a serious problem largely because of the storage capacity of the lakes and the permeable materials in some stream basins. Based on measurements at eight stream sites the estimated amount of flow for 90 percent of the time ranges from 80,000 to 150,000 gallons per day per square mile of drainage area.</p><p>A special study of low levels in land-locked Gilead Lake indicated that this lake is semiperched and mostly dependent upon the water table for tits levels.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Michigan Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lansing, MI","collaboration":"Prepared by U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with County of Branch, and Michigan Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Giroux, P., Stoimenoff, L., Nowlin, J., and Skinner, E., 1966, Water resources of Branch County, Michigan: Water Investigation, viii, 74 p.","productDescription":"viii, 74 p.","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338222,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":338218,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.michigan.gov/documents/deq/WI_06_Aopt_309864_7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","county":"Branch County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-84.8285,42.0724],[-84.8274,41.9861],[-84.8277,41.898],[-84.8273,41.8108],[-84.8273,41.7606],[-84.8673,41.7608],[-85.1978,41.7605],[-85.2212,41.7607],[-85.2913,41.7606],[-85.2923,41.811],[-85.2933,41.8969],[-85.2936,41.9854],[-85.2928,42.0717],[-85.1771,42.0733],[-85.0609,42.0734],[-85.0022,42.0732],[-84.8285,42.0724]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Branch\",\"state\":\"MI\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d4df19e4b05ec79911d209","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Giroux, P.R.","contributorId":59055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giroux","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stoimenoff, L.E.","contributorId":34157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoimenoff","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nowlin, J. O.","contributorId":40604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowlin","given":"J. O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Skinner, E.L.","contributorId":53412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skinner","given":"E.L.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":685948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70221231,"text":"70221231 - 1966 - Stratified deposits of the oxides and carbonates of manganese","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-08T13:55:30.965707","indexId":"70221231","displayToPublicDate":"1966-05-01T08:51:42","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stratified deposits of the oxides and carbonates of manganese","docAbstract":"<p><span>Compared with the&nbsp;</span>stratified<span>&nbsp;</span>deposits<span>&nbsp;of iron minerals, those of&nbsp;</span>manganese<span>&nbsp;minerals have received little attention until recent years. Before 1930, students of the&nbsp;</span>stratified<span>&nbsp;</span>deposits<span>&nbsp;of&nbsp;</span>manganese<span>&nbsp;minerals have generally concluded that the contained&nbsp;</span>manganese<span>&nbsp;was derived from the decomposition of the rocks that formed the borders of the basins. Only in a few places have geologists recognized that if these rocks were the principal source of the contained&nbsp;</span>manganese<span>&nbsp;the basins should contain also enormous quantities of iron minerals, whereas most of the large&nbsp;</span>deposits<span>&nbsp;of&nbsp;</span>manganese<span>&nbsp;contain little iron. Even though more than 100 years ago some geologists proposed that the iron contained in some&nbsp;</span>deposits<span>&nbsp;of&nbsp;</span>stratified<span>&nbsp;iron minerals was probably derived from hydrothermal waters related to centers of volcanism, not until about 1930 was this source of&nbsp;</span>manganese<span>&nbsp;in similar&nbsp;</span>deposits<span>&nbsp;seriously proposed. This mode of origin was given the name \"volcanogene sedimentaire\" by French geologists working in Morocco. Since then, other names, such as \"exhalative sedimentaire,\" have been used by geologists working in several European districts. Because of the development of new techniques for the study of the chemical and physical features of the minerals, and because close attention to the lithologic environments of the beds is being given more and more during recent years, it has seemed advisable to review the features of&nbsp;</span>stratified<span>&nbsp;</span>deposits<span>&nbsp;of the&nbsp;</span>manganese<span>&nbsp;minerals in many parts of the world and over a wide range in age. This study indicates that at least three sources may have contributed the&nbsp;</span>manganese<span>&nbsp;in the large&nbsp;</span>deposits<span>&nbsp;of iron-free&nbsp;</span>oxides<span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span>carbonates<span>: (1) the rocks that form the borders of the basins, either marine or continental; (2) the nearby underlying sediments, largely of igneous origin, decomposed by warm waters largely derived from depth; and (3) waters of hydrothermal origin derived from great depths during epochs of volcanism from which iron minerals with little&nbsp;</span>manganese<span>&nbsp;are deposited in deep zones, then minerals with much iron and more&nbsp;</span>manganese<span>&nbsp;at intermediate depths, and, finally,&nbsp;</span>manganese<span>&nbsp;minerals with little iron near the surface. As the hot waters of many thermal springs contain more&nbsp;</span>manganese<span>&nbsp;than iron, such waters could yield the pure&nbsp;</span>manganese<span>&nbsp;</span>oxides<span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span>carbonates<span>&nbsp;found in&nbsp;</span>stratified<span>&nbsp;</span>deposits<span>. Several kinds of evidence indicate that most of the&nbsp;</span>manganese<span>&nbsp;in the large&nbsp;</span>stratified<span>&nbsp;</span>deposits<span>&nbsp;of the&nbsp;</span>oxides<span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span>carbonates<span>&nbsp;of&nbsp;</span>manganese<span>&nbsp;in many parts of the world has been derived from hydrothermal waters from depth related to centers of volcanism. Obviously,&nbsp;</span>manganese<span>&nbsp;derived from decay of the rocks on the lands adjacent to large basins-marine and continental -may have been added to that derived from centers of volcanism to form the sedimentary&nbsp;</span>deposits<span>&nbsp;found in the basins.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.61.3.431","usgsCitation":"Hewett, D.F., 1966, Stratified deposits of the oxides and carbonates of manganese: Economic Geology, v. 61, no. 3, p. 431-461, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.61.3.431.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"431","endPage":"461","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386284,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"61","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1966-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hewett, D. F.","contributorId":19927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hewett","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5220075,"text":"5220075 - 1966 - A protective suit for aquatic research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-12T15:19:37.160341","indexId":"5220075","displayToPublicDate":"1966-04-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A protective suit for aquatic research","docAbstract":"A waterproof anti-exposure suit for protection from adverse weather, as well as water and insect bites, is described.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3797832","usgsCitation":"Tarshis, I., 1966, A protective suit for aquatic research: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 30, no. 2, p. 421-422, https://doi.org/10.2307/3797832.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"421","endPage":"422","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194322,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a87b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tarshis, I. Barry","contributorId":82378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tarshis","given":"I. Barry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70227027,"text":"70227027 - 1966 - Pennsylvania streamflow characteristics: Low-flow frequency and flow duration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-27T17:44:34.056248","indexId":"70227027","displayToPublicDate":"1966-04-01T11:40:17","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":144,"text":"Water Resources Bulletin","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"1","title":"Pennsylvania streamflow characteristics: Low-flow frequency and flow duration","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Pennsylvania Department of Forests and Waters","collaboration":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Busch, W.F., and Shaw, L.C., 1966, Pennsylvania streamflow characteristics: Low-flow frequency and flow duration: Water Resources Bulletin 1, 304 p.","productDescription":"304 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F.","contributorId":67968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busch","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shaw, L. C.","contributorId":21162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaw","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70221246,"text":"70221246 - 1966 - Packer testing in water wells  near Sarasota, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-08T15:03:04.793505","indexId":"70221246","displayToPublicDate":"1966-04-01T09:58:04","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Packer testing in water wells  near Sarasota, Florida","docAbstract":"<p><span>During February and March 1964, the U. S. Geological Survey ran caliper, conductance, and temperature logs on several&nbsp;</span>wells<span>&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;the&nbsp;</span>Sarasota<span>&nbsp;area. The&nbsp;</span>Florida<span>&nbsp;Geological Survey had previously run gamma ray and electric logs on the same&nbsp;</span>wells<span>. Two flowing&nbsp;</span>wells<span>&nbsp;were selected for&nbsp;</span>packer<span>&nbsp;</span>testing<span>. The two&nbsp;</span>wells<span>&nbsp;are about the same depth, penetrate essentially the same geologic horizons, and are about 16 miles apart. The packers were set&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;the&nbsp;</span>wells<span>&nbsp;between the producing horizons of the formations penetrated and each of the horizons was tested for head, amount of production, and quality of&nbsp;</span>water<span>. One of the tests produced excellent results, indicating that the various producing zones were effectively isolated by the packers and that different quality of&nbsp;</span>water<span>, quantity of&nbsp;</span>water<span>, and a different head was available from each zone. The other test did not show sharp differences but did indicate the extent of contamination of the producing horizons&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;a flowing&nbsp;</span>well<span>&nbsp;which had been capped for approximately two years. These tests indicate that&nbsp;</span>packer<span>&nbsp;</span>testing<span>&nbsp;can measurably add to knowledge of the separation of permeable zones.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"NGWA The Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1966.tb01595.x","usgsCitation":"Sutcliffe, H., and Joyner, B., 1966, Packer testing in water wells  near Sarasota, Florida: Groundwater, v. 4, no. 2, p. 23-27, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1966.tb01595.x.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"23","endPage":"27","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386293,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United  States","state":"Florida","city":"Sarasota","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.5732421875,\n              27.186242185608737\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.408447265625,\n              27.186242185608737\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.408447265625,\n              27.410785702577023\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.5732421875,\n              27.410785702577023\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.5732421875,\n              27.186242185608737\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sutcliffe, Horace Jr.","contributorId":96725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutcliffe","given":"Horace","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Joyner, B.F.","contributorId":55899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joyner","given":"B.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70171413,"text":"70171413 - 1966 - Behavior and transport of radionuclides in the Columbia River between Hanford and Vancouver, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-31T11:04:54","indexId":"70171413","displayToPublicDate":"1966-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Behavior and transport of radionuclides in the Columbia River between Hanford and Vancouver, Washington","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"ASLO","doi":"10.4319/lo.1966.11.2.0235","usgsCitation":"Perkins, R., Nelson, J., and Haushild, W., 1966, Behavior and transport of radionuclides in the Columbia River between Hanford and Vancouver, Washington: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 11, no. 2, p. 235-248, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1966.11.2.0235.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"235","endPage":"248","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321900,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574eb5b4e4b0ee97d51a8395","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perkins, R.W.","contributorId":77221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, J.L.","contributorId":26320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haushild, W.L.","contributorId":48953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haushild","given":"W.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70207356,"text":"70207356 - 1966 - Nitrogen compounds in natural water—A review","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-18T10:17:42","indexId":"70207356","displayToPublicDate":"1966-03-31T10:00:09","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nitrogen compounds in natural water—A review","docAbstract":"<p><span>Nitrogen compounds in natural water are significant in public health, agriculture, industry, and geochemistry. The many sources of nitrogen compounds and the deep involvement of nitrogen in the life processes of organisms makes the study of such compounds difficult. The sources include natural aerosols, precipitation, fixation by micro‐organisms in soil and water, decaying organic matter, and animal and industrial wastes, as well as probably undiscovered sources in consolidated and unconsolidated rocks. Nitrogen compounds are both oxidized and reduced by organisms. Some nitrogen compounds are adsorbed on clay. The theoretical end product in water and the compound probably most often determined is NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−1</sup><span>. The concentration of nitregen compounds ranges from 0.0 to &gt;100 ppm (parts per million) in surface water and from 0.0 to &gt;1000 ppm in groundwater. Seasonal fluctuations occur. Much further research is needed, including improvements in methods of analysis, further investigation of sources, and detailed study of the nitrogen cycle in small drainage basins. (Key words: Geochemistry; quality of water.) This paper is not subject to U.S. copyright. Published in 1966 by the American Geophysical Union.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR002i001p00041","issn":"00431397","usgsCitation":"Feth, J.H., 1966, Nitrogen compounds in natural water—A review: Water Resources Research, v. 2, no. 1, p. 41-58, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR002i001p00041.","productDescription":"18 p. ","startPage":"41","endPage":"58","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":370398,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Feth, J. H.","contributorId":50495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feth","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70010675,"text":"70010675 - 1966 - Oxygen and carbon isotopic composition of limestones and dolomites, Bikini and Eniwetok atolls","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-10T17:10:28.077354","indexId":"70010675","displayToPublicDate":"1966-03-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Oxygen and carbon isotopic composition of limestones and dolomites, Bikini and Eniwetok atolls","docAbstract":"<p><span>Aragonitic, unconsolidated sediments from the borings on the Eniwetok and Bikini atolls are isotopically identical with unaltered skeletal fragments, whereas the recrystallized limestones exhibit isotopic variations resulting from alteration in meteoric waters during periods of emergence. Dolomites and associated calcites are enriched in O</span><sup>18</sup><span>, perhaps because of interaction with hypersaline brines.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/science.151.3714.1082","usgsCitation":"Gross, M.G., and Tracey, J.I., 1966, Oxygen and carbon isotopic composition of limestones and dolomites, Bikini and Eniwetok atolls: Science, v. 151, no. 3714, p. 1082-1084, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.151.3714.1082.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1082","endPage":"1084","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219401,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Republic of the Marshall Islands","otherGeospatial":"Bikini Atoll, Eniwetok Atoll","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              161.47705078125,\n              11.070602913977819\n            ],\n            [\n              162.828369140625,\n              11.070602913977819\n            ],\n            [\n              162.828369140625,\n              11.942601073545658\n            ],\n            [\n              161.47705078125,\n              11.942601073545658\n            ],\n            [\n              161.47705078125,\n              11.070602913977819\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              164.99267578125,\n              11.092165893502\n            ],\n            [\n              165.8935546875,\n              11.092165893502\n            ],\n            [\n              165.8935546875,\n              12.093038580274138\n            ],\n            [\n              164.99267578125,\n              12.093038580274138\n            ],\n            [\n              164.99267578125,\n              11.092165893502\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"151","issue":"3714","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a727ae4b0c8380cd76b05","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gross, M. Grant","contributorId":50145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gross","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Grant","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tracey, Joshua I. Jr.","contributorId":55420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tracey","given":"Joshua","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70221264,"text":"70221264 - 1966 - Rhizoconcretions in vitric ash-fall tuff, Nye County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-09T15:00:46.553398","indexId":"70221264","displayToPublicDate":"1966-03-01T13:31:52","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rhizoconcretions in vitric ash-fall tuff, Nye County, Nevada","docAbstract":"<p><span>Small, vertically elongate concretionlike structures, here called&nbsp;</span>rhizoconcretions<span>, are found&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;scattered localities&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;and near the southern part of the Belted Range of&nbsp;</span>Nye<span>&nbsp;</span>County<span>,&nbsp;</span>Nevada<span>. The&nbsp;</span>rhizoconcretions<span>&nbsp;occur within a stratigraphically restricted zone&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;bedded&nbsp;</span>vitric<span>&nbsp;</span>ash<span>-</span>fall<span>&nbsp;</span>tuff<span>&nbsp;of late Tertiary age. The&nbsp;</span>rhizoconcretions<span>&nbsp;differ&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;mineralogy from their host rock&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;that they are cemented by a binder of undetermined composition, possibly a zeolite, whereas the host tuffs are un-cemented. These structures appear to have formed during diagenesis of the&nbsp;</span>tuff<span>&nbsp;by means of capillary movement of subsurface waters that reacted with volcanic glass within the conduits to form the cementing material.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1966)77[313:RIVATN]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Luft, S.J., 1966, Rhizoconcretions in vitric ash-fall tuff, Nye County, Nevada: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 77, no. 3, p. 313-318, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1966)77[313:RIVATN]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"313","endPage":"318","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386310,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United  States","state":"Nevada","county":"Nye County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.80615234374999,\n              39.46164364205549\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.94873046875,\n              39.00211029922515\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.5869140625,\n              36.500805317604794\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.74072265625,\n              36.958671131530316\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.26806640625,\n              38.07404145941957\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.42211914062499,\n              38.151837403006766\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.26855468749999,\n              38.79690830348427\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.884033203125,\n              39.2492708462234\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.9609375,\n              39.410733055084954\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.93872070312499,\n              39.614152077002664\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.44384765625,\n              39.64799732373418\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.80615234374999,\n              39.46164364205549\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"77","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luft, S. J.","contributorId":95127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luft","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70010678,"text":"70010678 - 1966 - The 1965 eruption of Taal Volcano","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-10T17:35:37.349757","indexId":"70010678","displayToPublicDate":"1966-02-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 1965 eruption of Taal Volcano","docAbstract":"Catastrophic explosions are caused by lake water entering a volcanic conduit.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.151.3713.955","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Moore, J., Nakamura, K., and Alcaraz, A., 1966, The 1965 eruption of Taal Volcano: Science, v. 151, no. 3713, p. 955-960, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.151.3713.955.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"955","endPage":"960","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219467,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Philippines","city":"Luzon","otherGeospatial":"Taal Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              120.84548034568735,\n              14.125033242660678\n            ],\n            [\n              120.84548034568735,\n              13.840055850805584\n            ],\n            [\n              121.14872418766669,\n              13.840055850805584\n            ],\n            [\n              121.14872418766669,\n              14.125033242660678\n            ],\n            [\n              120.84548034568735,\n              14.125033242660678\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"151","issue":"3713","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba620e4b08c986b320ee8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, J.G.","contributorId":67496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nakamura, K.","contributorId":78866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakamura","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alcaraz, A.","contributorId":58772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alcaraz","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70207930,"text":"70207930 - 1966 - Gravity slide origin of rift zones of some Hawaiian volcanoes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-20T13:36:19","indexId":"70207930","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-20T13:32:59","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1093,"text":"Bulletin Volcanologique","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gravity slide origin of rift zones of some Hawaiian volcanoes","docAbstract":"<p>The east-trending east rift zone of Kilauea volcano on the island of Hawaii is 50 km long and up to 3 km wide. It consists of three elements arranged roughly in three belts from north to south: 1) eruptive fissures, cracks, faults, and narrow grabens, 2) cinder cones (produced by eruptions more localised than the fissure eruptions), and 3) pit craters. Eruptive vents, either fissure or cone, do not occur south of pit craters; vents occur on the floor of some pit craters but are conlined to the north half. Most earthquakes near the rift zone are shallow; they are abundant south of the rift zone but rare north of it.</p><p>Precise levelling over a 6-year period shows elevation changes of up to 1 metre. Profiles of elevation change across the rift zone are asymmetrically steep on the north side. Precise triangulation shows that points south of the rift have been moving southward at right angles to the rift zone at rates of as much as 10 cm per year. During the major earthquake of 1868, the south coast of the island subsided as much as 2 metres, and abundant evidence indicates other recent subsidence of the south coast.</p><p>The above facts suggest that the rift zone dips south and that it bounds a large segment of the volcano which is sliding down the steep southern flank. Tensional cracks at the head of this slide tap the shallow central reservoir of the volcano at a depth of a few kilometres. The resulting dikes may feed eruptive fissures in the tensional zone at the head (northernmost part) of the slide, or they may pierce the hanging wall of the south-dipping rift zone through more confined conduits and feed the cinder cones. Likewise, shallow collapse into the rift zone on the north produces narrow grabens, whereas deeper collapse farther south (perhaps aided by magma stoping upward) produces circular pit craters.</p><p>Submarine topography south of Kilauea caldera indicates a submarine landslide on the south slope of the volcano. The landslide tongue is more than 25 kilometres long and is bounded upslope by a concave escarpment. On land, the northern rim of this escarpment is formed by a series of faults down-dropped on the south, called the Hilina fault system. Dredge hauls from a 300-metre hill on the crest of the landslide tongue at a water depth of 800 metres consists of angular fragments of fresh, glassy, tholeiitic basalt. The high vesicularity of this basalt suggests that it was erupted at a water depth several hundred metres less than that at which it was collected. Presumably, landsliding has carried the lava downward into deeper water.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/BF02597189","usgsCitation":"Moore, J.G., 1966, Gravity slide origin of rift zones of some Hawaiian volcanoes: Bulletin Volcanologique, v. 29, p. 719-720, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02597189.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"719","endPage":"720","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371382,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, James G. 0000-0002-7543-2401 jmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7543-2401","contributorId":2892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"James","email":"jmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5220434,"text":"5220434 - 1966 - Fall food habits of wood ducks from Lake Marion, South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-12T15:30:27.681855","indexId":"5220434","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fall food habits of wood ducks from Lake Marion, South Carolina","docAbstract":"<p>A total of 108 stomachs of wood ducks (<i>Aix sponsa</i>) collected from hunters on the upper end of Lake Marion, South Carolina, between November 29 and December 6, 1961, were examined for information on food habits. Six plants made up over 98 percent of the total volume. Five were tree fruits: water and pin oak (<i>Quercus nigra</i> and <i>Q. palustris</i>), baldcypress (<i>Taxodium distichum</i>), sweetgum (<i>Liquidambar styraciflua</i>), and water hickory (<i>Carya aquatica</i>). The sixth important food was corn (<i>Zea mays</i>). In areas being managed for wood ducks and timber, therefore, these tree species should not be removed.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3797903","usgsCitation":"McGilvrey, F.B., 1966, Fall food habits of wood ducks from Lake Marion, South Carolina: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 30, no. 1, p. 193-195, https://doi.org/10.2307/3797903.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"193","endPage":"195","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193430,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Lake Marion","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.60257628664397,\n              33.698146245578016\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.60257628664397,\n              33.35808164366274\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.09009414701697,\n              33.35808164366274\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.09009414701697,\n              33.698146245578016\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.60257628664397,\n              33.698146245578016\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49ffe4b07f02db5f77e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGilvrey, Frank B.","contributorId":104545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGilvrey","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70047729,"text":"70047729 - 1966 - Soviet books and publications on hydrology (continental) and hydrogeology: titles and some notes on obtaining Soviet monographs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-17T10:36:24","indexId":"70047729","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T16:32:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Soviet books and publications on hydrology (continental) and hydrogeology: titles and some notes on obtaining Soviet monographs","docAbstract":"<p>A common method of publication for Soviet scientists, which partly supplants periodicals, is the publication of a collection of articles on a general area of research, frequently by members of a given institution. An extensive sampling of world geologic literature for 1961 (Hawkes, 1966) showed that 33 percent of Soviet titles appeared in periodicals whereas 55 percent of North American and 70 percent of Western European literature appeared in this form.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The Soviet predilection for symposia and collections of papers makes searching for information on a given subject more difficult for Westerners because the monographs in question are often not included in exchange agreements (except informal personal ones) with Western libraries and institutions, because they may be primed in small editions, and because such publications frequently escape the notice of Western abstract journals.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Unless one is fortunate enough to have many personal contacts in the Soviet Union, there seems to be little alternative to at least a rudimentary knowledge of Russian in order to stay abreast of work published as monographs and in collections.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Division Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70047729","usgsCitation":"Manheim, F., 1966, Soviet books and publications on hydrology (continental) and hydrogeology: titles and some notes on obtaining Soviet monographs, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70047729.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"22","endPage":"25","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":276871,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70047729/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":279945,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70047729/report.pdf"}],"country":"Armenia;Azerbaijan;Belarus;Estonia;Georgia;Kazakhstan;Kyrgyzstan;Latvia;Lithuania;Moldova;Russia;Tajikistan;Turkmenistan","otherGeospatial":"Union Of Soviet Socialist Republics","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 23.0,35.5 ], [ 23.0,77.7 ], [ 179.9,77.7 ], [ 179.9,35.5 ], [ 23.0,35.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5215e164e4b02034073ad416","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manheim, Frank T. 0000-0003-4005-4524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4005-4524","contributorId":45294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manheim","given":"Frank T.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":482836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":25182,"text":"25182 - 1966 - Mineral production, royalty income, and related statistics on oil, gas, and other leasable minerals, Federal and Indian lands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-14T16:28:52","indexId":"25182","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T16:28:07","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Mineral production, royalty income, and related statistics on oil, gas, and other leasable minerals, Federal and Indian lands","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of Interior","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/25182","issn":"0271-1656","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1966, Mineral production, royalty income, and related statistics on oil, gas, and other leasable minerals, Federal and Indian lands, v, https://doi.org/10.3133/25182.","productDescription":"v","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":290006,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c4fc3be4b0b58d96eeb5cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70263595,"text":"70263595 - 1966 - Test well sites and preliminary evaluation of ground-water potential in Tortola, British Virgin Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-14T21:16:24.403461","indexId":"70263595","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T16:16:03","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Test well sites and preliminary evaluation of ground-water potential in Tortola, British Virgin Islands","docAbstract":"<p>Moderate supplies of potable ground water are believed to be available in the Roadtown and Paraquita Bay areas, and small, possibly brackish supplies in the Long Look and West End areas of Tortola. Two water bearing units of the same hydrologic system have the potential of yielding water to wells: 1) alluvial deposits, possibly as thick as 60 feet and locally containing beds and lenses of gravel 1 to 5 feet thick; and 2) fractured and jointed bedrock, especially where it is overlain by alluvium.</p><p>The most productive ground-water areas are expected to be the lower reaches of the larger valleys. Here the alluvial deposits are thickest and the valleys often follow the trace of fault or fracture systems in the bedrock. A potential yield of 195,000 gpd (U.S. gallons per day) is estimated to be available in the Road Bay area, 55,000 gpd in the Long Look area, and 8,000 gpd in the West End area.</p><p>Sites are suggested for test and monitoring wells in the lower courses of six of the valleys on the south coast.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70263595","collaboration":"Work Done in Cooperation with the Government of the Virgin Islands, Ralph M. Paiewonsky, Governor","usgsCitation":"Jordan, D., 1966, Test well sites and preliminary evaluation of ground-water potential in Tortola, British Virgin Islands, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70263595.","productDescription":"35 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":482116,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70263595/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":482115,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70263595/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virgin Islands","otherGeospatial":"Tortola","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -64.51309561955642,\n              18.51802619929059\n            ],\n            [\n              -64.74978261433117,\n              18.51802619929059\n            ],\n            [\n              -64.74978261433117,\n              18.336353177581245\n            ],\n            [\n              -64.51309561955642,\n              18.336353177581245\n            ],\n            [\n              -64.51309561955642,\n              18.51802619929059\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jordan, Donald G.","contributorId":9519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jordan","given":"Donald G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":927458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":835,"text":"835 - 1966 - Water resources data for Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-05T14:04:26","indexId":"835","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T14:02:50","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Water resources data for Alaska","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Anchorage, AK","doi":"10.3133/835","collaboration":"Prepared by U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Division in cooperation with the state of Alaska and with other agencies.","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1966, Water resources data for Alaska, https://doi.org/10.3133/835.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291717,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.44,51.21 ], [ 172.44,71.39 ], [ -129.99,71.39 ], [ -129.99,51.21 ], [ 172.44,51.21 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e1efe1e4b0fe532be2dea7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":527754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70095001,"text":"70095001 - 1966 - Flow probability of New Jersey streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-25T10:32:52","indexId":"70095001","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T13:43:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":149,"text":"New Jersey Division of Water Policy and Supply Water Resources Circular","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"15","title":"Flow probability of New Jersey streams","docAbstract":"This report is one of a series published by the Division of Water \nPolicy and Supply of the New Jersey Department of Conservation and Economic \nDevelopment to make basic water data available in a form that can be readily \nused by all interested persons. The objective of the present report is to \npresent flow-duration information based on past records so that estimates \nof future flows of New Jersey's streams may be made. It is an extension of \nthe flow-duration portions of Water Resources Circular 6 (Miller and McCall, \n1961).","language":"English","publisher":"New Jersey Division of Water Policy and Supply","publisherLocation":"Trenton, NJ","collaboration":"Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the State of New Jersey Department of Conservation and Economic Development Division of Water Policy and Supply","usgsCitation":"Miler, E., 1966, Flow probability of New Jersey streams: New Jersey Division of Water Policy and Supply Water Resources Circular 15, 61 p.","productDescription":"61 p.","numberOfPages":"71","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":282843,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70095001.jpg"},{"id":284830,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70095001/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.5634,38.7888 ], [ -75.5634,41.3574 ], [ -73.8851,41.3574 ], [ -73.8851,38.7888 ], [ -75.5634,38.7888 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53559438e4b0120853e8bf88","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miler, E.G.","contributorId":41337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miler","given":"E.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70221262,"text":"70221262 - 1966 - “Iron Water” from wells: Causes and prevention","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-08T18:23:35.062751","indexId":"70221262","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T13:19:26","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"“Iron Water” from wells: Causes and prevention","docAbstract":"<p><span>Chemical analyses of ground‐</span>water<span>&nbsp;samples taken from differing depths in a four‐county area in east Texas showed a general stratification with respect to dissolved&nbsp;</span>iron<span>, pH and hardness. On the basis of this stratification the waters of the ground‐</span>water<span>&nbsp;reservoir were divided into a shallow zone of oxidation, A; a deep zone of reduction, C; and an intermediate and unstable zone, B, in which waters from above and below are mixed. Ground&nbsp;</span>water<span>&nbsp;from zones A and C generally is almost free of&nbsp;</span>iron<span>, whereas&nbsp;</span>water<span>&nbsp;from zone B generally contains objectionable amounts. This zoning is explained by recent laboratory work and theoretical data on&nbsp;</span>iron<span>&nbsp;in natural waters.&nbsp;</span>Wells<span>&nbsp;constructed to draw only from zones A or C should yield&nbsp;</span>water<span>&nbsp;relatively free of&nbsp;</span>iron<span>.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"NGWA The Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1966.tb01586.x","usgsCitation":"Broom, M., 1966, “Iron Water” from wells: Causes and prevention: Groundwater, v. 4, no. 1, p. 18-21, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1966.tb01586.x.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"18","endPage":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386308,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Broom, M.E.","contributorId":91147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Broom","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}