The very productive limestone aquifers of Tertiary and Quaternary age in the Coastal Plain of the Southeastern States contain a water-table circulation system where aquifers are at or near the land surface; the Tertiary limestone unit is a homoclinal artesian system confined beneath younger beds in coastal areas.
The Tertiary limestone has a total thickness of several thousand feet and ranges in age from Paleocene to Pliocene. The part of the limestone that represents a hydrologic unit, as much as 1000 feet thick, ranges in age from middle Eocene to middle Miocene. That unit is the principal artesian aquifer in Florida and southeastern Georgia. It is also an aquifer, but of lesser importance, in South Carolina, North Carolina, and Alabama. In southeastern Florida the Quaternary limestone forms a shallow, although highly productive, aquifer.
In general, the Tertiary formations dip gently toward the coast, except where the regional dip is interrupted by folds such as the Cape Fear arch, the Ocala uplift, and the Chattahoochee anticline, or by faults such as those on the Ocala uplift.
A piezometric map showing the head of water in the principal artesian aquifer in Florida and southeastern Georgia reveals chief areas of recharge where limestone crops out in interstream areas and where sinkholes breach overlying beds; it reveals principal discharge areas in certain stream valleys, springs, and offshore.
Lateral movement of the water in the limestone is generally controlled by the hydraulic gradient to the nearest discharge area. The movement may be either controlled by or independent of faults and folds; it may be along joints for short distances. Solution by downward movement of water in the zone of aeration to the water table has formed vertical tubular openings or shafts. Lateral movement of the water from areas of recharge to areas of discharge has formed caves and other solution channels, chiefly in the upper part of the zone of saturation. Since they were formed, some caves have been drowned, and others have been exposed in the zone of aeration as the water rose and fell, chiefly in Pleistocene time. The principal aquifer in Florida probably has caves and solution channels comparable in size and extent to those of Mammoth Cave, Kentucky; however, only a small percentage of these are above the water table at the present time.
In a large part of the region the most noticeable change in chemical quality of the water in the limestone resulting from circulation of water is the freshening accompanying removal of salty water from the aquifer.
Changes in sea level during Pleistocene time have raised and lowered the water table; thus the position of the upper part of the zone of saturation, in which conditions were most favorable for solution and for the formation of cavities, has changed repeatedly. At the lowest stand of the Pleistocene sea, it is conceivable that the water level in part of the limestone in north-central Florida was a few hundred feet lower than at present. The present pattern of solution openings probably was developed in Pleistocene time.
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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56cc402be4b059daa47e481f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128037,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U.S. Geological Survey","id":621053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":868,"text":"868 - 1966 - Water resources data for North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-05T11:05:24","indexId":"868","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T11:03:03","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Water resources data for North Dakota","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"Water Resources Division","publisherLocation":"Bismarck, ND","doi":"10.3133/868","issn":"0364-4405","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the state of North Dakota and with other agencies.","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1966, Water resources data for North Dakota, https://doi.org/10.3133/868.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291670,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.05,45.9351 ], [ -104.05,49.0007 ], [ -96.5545,49.0007 ], [ -96.5545,45.9351 ], [ -104.05,45.9351 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e1efece4b0fe532be2df34","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":527787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1000109,"text":"1000109 - 1966 - Bathymetric distribution of fish in the Apostle Islands region, Lake Superior","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-25T10:39:55","indexId":"1000109","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bathymetric distribution of fish in the Apostle Islands region, Lake Superior","docAbstract":"Records of seasonal and “all-season” (April-December) bathymetric distribution are given for 17 species of fish taken in bottom trawls and experimental gill nets fished on the bottom in 1958–63 in the Apostle Islands region of Lake Superior. The data are based on catches from 578 trawl tows at 2–59 fathoms and 301,900 linear feet of gill nets fished at 2–89 fathoms. Size of the fish varied widely among different species from the same gear and the same species from different gears. Seasonal differences in depth distribution were greatest for lake trout, bloaters, round whitefish, and older smelt, which exhibited an inshore movement in the summer and fall, and for longnose suckers, which migrated to deeper water with progress of the seasons. The all-season bathymetric distributions varied considerably among species. Round whitefish, 0- and I-group smelt, longnose suckers, ninespine sticklebacks, and johnny darters were most abundant at < 10 fathoms. Concentrations of lake trout, lake herring, lake whitefish, older smelt, trout-perch, and burbot were greatest at 10–29 fathoms. Pygmy whitefish were most common at 30–39 fathoms, bloaters and spoonhead sculpins at 40–49 fathoms, and shortjaw ciscoes, slimy sculpins, and fourhorn sculpins at 50–59 fathoms. The kiyi was most abundant at 70–79 fathoms.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1966)95[248:BDOFIT]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Dryer, W.R., 1966, Bathymetric distribution of fish in the Apostle Islands region, Lake Superior: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 95, no. 3, p. 248-259, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1966)95[248:BDOFIT]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"248","endPage":"259","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128877,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"95","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a62e4b07f02db636416","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dryer, William R.","contributorId":71921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dryer","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1000404,"text":"1000404 - 1966 - Seasonal and depth distribution of larval bloaters (Coregonus hoyi) in southeastern Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-22T09:38:04","indexId":"1000404","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal and depth distribution of larval bloaters (Coregonus hoyi) in southeastern Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"A feasibility study has been made to operate by remote control an unshielded portable positive-ion accelerator type neutron source to induce activities in the ground or rock by “in situ” neutron irradiation. Selective activation techniques make it possible to detect some thirty or more elements by irradiating the ground for periods of a few minutes with either 3-MeV or 14-MeV neutrons. The depth of penetration of neutrons, the effect of water content of the soil on neutron moderation, gamma ray attenuation in the soil and other problems are considered.
The analysis shows that, when exploring for most elements of economic interest, the reaction 2H(d,n)3He yielding ∼ 3-MeV neutrons is most practical to produce a relatively uniform flux of neutrons of less than 1 keV to a depth of 19″–20″. Irradiation with high energy neutrons (∼ 14 MeV) can also be used and may be better suited for certain problems. However, due to higher background and lower sensitivity for the heavy minerals, it is not a recommended neutron source for general exploration use.
Preliminary experiments have been made which indicate that neutron activation in situ is feasible for a mineral exploration or qualititative soil analysis.
Radioactive tracers introduced into the Columbia River in cooling water from the Hanford reactors were used to measure flow times downstream from Pasco, Washington, as far as Astoria, Oregon. The use of two tracer methods was investigated. One method used the decay of a steady release of Na24 (15-hour half-life) to determine flow times to various downstream locations, and flow times were also determined from the time required for peak concentration of instantaneous releases of I131 (8-day half-life) to reach these locations. Flow times determined from the simultaneous use of the two methods agreed closely. The measured flow times for the 224 miles from Pasco to Vancouver, Washington, ranged from 14.6 to 3.6 days, respectively, for discharges of 108,000 and 630,000 ft3/sec at Vancouver, Washington. A graphic relation for estimating flow times at discharges other than those measured and for several locations between Pasco and Vancouver was prepared from the data of tests made at four river discharges. Some limited data are also presented on the characteristics of dispersion of I131 in the Columbia River.
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1966 - Color variations within glacial till, east-central North Dakota--A preliminary investigation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-08T13:40:16","indexId":"70195943","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2450,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Color variations within glacial till, east-central North Dakota--A preliminary investigation","docAbstract":"Color variations (orange zones within buff-colored till) in drift in east-central North Dakota are believed to represent two tills of separate origin. 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","language":"English","publisher":"American Geological Institute","doi":"10.1306/74D7140B-2B21-11D7-8648000102C1865D","usgsCitation":"Kelly, T.E., and Baker, C.H., 1966, Color variations within glacial till, east-central North Dakota--A preliminary investigation: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 36, no. 1, p. 75-80, https://doi.org/10.1306/74D7140B-2B21-11D7-8648000102C1865D.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"75","endPage":"80","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352340,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5aff5fc0e4b0da30c1bfddc7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kelly, T. E.","contributorId":63824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":730621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baker, Claud H. Jr.","contributorId":53413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Claud","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":730622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70171395,"text":"70171395 - 1966 - Sediment movement on the continental shelf near Washington and Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-17T23:49:31.102596","indexId":"70171395","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sediment movement on the continental shelf near Washington and Oregon","docAbstract":"The nuclides zinc-65 and cobalt-60 associated with river-borne particulate matter are incorporated in sediment on the Continental Shelf near the Colum- ia River. Changes in the relative concentrations of zinc-65 and cobalt-60 and in the ratio of the activity of zinc-65 and cobalt-60 suggest that radioactive sediment moves northward 12 to 30 kilometers per year along the shelf and 2.5 to 10 kilometers per year westward away from the coast.
","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/science.154.3751.879","usgsCitation":"Gross, M.G., and Nelson, J.L., 1966, Sediment movement on the continental shelf near Washington and Oregon: Science, v. 154, no. 3751, p. 879-885, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.154.3751.879.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"879","endPage":"885","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321880,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -128.9794921875,\n 42.032974332441405\n ],\n [\n -123.167724609375,\n 42.032974332441405\n ],\n [\n -123.167724609375,\n 48.62564740882851\n ],\n [\n -128.9794921875,\n 48.62564740882851\n ],\n [\n -128.9794921875,\n 42.032974332441405\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"154","issue":"3751","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574eb5dce4b0ee97d51a83fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gross, M. Grant","contributorId":50145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gross","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Grant","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, Jack L.","contributorId":41671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70185640,"text":"70185640 - 1966 - Waste injection into a deep limestone in northwestern Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-26T10:23:28","indexId":"70185640","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Waste injection into a deep limestone in northwestern Florida","docAbstract":"During a three-month trial period, 70 million gallons of industrial wastes were successfully injected at moderate pressures into a deep limestone in the westernmost part of Florida. The movement of these wastes is expected to be predominantly southward toward the natural discharge area which is presumed to be far out in the Gulf of Mexico. The limestone lies between two thick beds of clay (aquicludes) and contains 13,000 parts per million salty water. A series of aquifers and aquicludes appear capable of preventing contamination of the overlying fresh-water aquifers.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1966.tb01588.x","usgsCitation":"Barraclough, J., 1966, Waste injection into a deep limestone in northwestern Florida: Groundwater, v. 4, no. 1, p. 22-24, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1966.tb01588.x.","productDescription":"3 p. ","startPage":"22","endPage":"24","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338341,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.9345703125,\n 29.611670115197377\n ],\n [\n -83.0126953125,\n 29.611670115197377\n ],\n [\n -83.0126953125,\n 31.203404950917395\n ],\n [\n -87.9345703125,\n 31.203404950917395\n ],\n [\n -87.9345703125,\n 29.611670115197377\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d63044e4b05ec799131139","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barraclough, J.T.","contributorId":16003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barraclough","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70175645,"text":"70175645 - 1966 - Ground-water recharge to the Edwards and associated limestones, San Antonio area, Texas, 1964","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T14:18:47","indexId":"70175645","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5177,"text":"Edwards Underground Water District Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"9","title":"Ground-water recharge to the Edwards and associated limestones, San Antonio area, Texas, 1964","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Edwards Underground Water District","usgsCitation":"Garza, S., 1966, Ground-water recharge to the Edwards and associated limestones, San Antonio area, Texas, 1964: Edwards Underground Water District Bulletin 9, 2 p.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326736,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b58ad3e4b03bcb0104bbd4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garza, Sergio","contributorId":88713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garza","given":"Sergio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70175653,"text":"70175653 - 1966 - Records of precipitation, aquifer head, and ground-water recharge to the Edwards and associated limestones, San Antonio area, Texas, 1965","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T14:45:42","indexId":"70175653","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5177,"text":"Edwards Underground Water District Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"12","title":"Records of precipitation, aquifer head, and ground-water recharge to the Edwards and associated limestones, San Antonio area, Texas, 1965","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Edwards Underground Water District","usgsCitation":"Rettman, P., 1966, Records of precipitation, aquifer head, and ground-water recharge to the Edwards and associated limestones, San Antonio area, Texas, 1965: Edwards Underground Water District Bulletin 12, 8 p.","productDescription":"8 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326751,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b58b56e4b03bcb0104bc41","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rettman, Paul","contributorId":68699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rettman","given":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1001353,"text":"1001353 - 1966 - A new Center for waterfowl research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:07","indexId":"1001353","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2838,"text":"Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A new Center for waterfowl research","docAbstract":"Abstract has not been submitted","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Nelson, H., and Lee, F., 1966, A new Center for waterfowl research: Naturalist, v. 17, no. 1, p. 29-32.","productDescription":"p. 29-32","startPage":"29","endPage":"32","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128629,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6abf81","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, H.K.","contributorId":21489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"H.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, F.B.","contributorId":30174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"F.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1000381,"text":"1000381 - 1966 - The tullibee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:43","indexId":"1000381","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2758,"text":"Minnesota Conservation Volunteer","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The tullibee","docAbstract":"Early explorers and settlers of the northeastern United States and southern Canada found lakes teeming with fish that had white flesh and were good to eat. 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","language":"English","publisher":"Edwards Underground Water District","usgsCitation":"Garza, S., 1966, Ground-water discharge from the Edwards and associated limestones, San Antonio area, Texas, 1965: Edwards Underground Water District Bulletin 11, 4 p.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326748,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b58ad0e4b03bcb0104bbbe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garza, Sergio","contributorId":88713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garza","given":"Sergio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70175651,"text":"70175651 - 1966 - Chemical analyses of water from observation wells in the Edwards and associated limestones, San Antonio area, Texas, 1965","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T14:41:10","indexId":"70175651","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5177,"text":"Edwards Underground Water District Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"10","title":"Chemical analyses of water from observation wells in the Edwards and associated limestones, San Antonio area, Texas, 1965","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Edwards Underground Water District","usgsCitation":"Garza, S., 1966, Chemical analyses of water from observation wells in the Edwards and associated limestones, San Antonio area, Texas, 1965: Edwards Underground Water District Bulletin 10, 14 p.","productDescription":"14 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326746,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b58ac0e4b03bcb0104bb68","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garza, Sergio","contributorId":88713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garza","given":"Sergio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":68240,"text":"ha168 - 1966 - Availability of ground water in the Heath quadrangle, Jackson Purchase region, Kentucky","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-28T21:59:12.573943","indexId":"ha168","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"168","title":"Availability of ground water in the Heath quadrangle, Jackson Purchase region, Kentucky","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ha168","usgsCitation":"Lambert, T.W., 1966, Availability of ground water in the Heath quadrangle, Jackson Purchase region, Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas 168, 1 Plate: 48.00 x 36.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ha168.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 48.00 x 36.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":423023,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_15529.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":89620,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/168/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":189568,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Kentucky","otherGeospatial":"Heath quadrangle, Jackson Purchase region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.875,\n 37.125\n ],\n [\n -88.875,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -88.75,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -88.75,\n 37.125\n ],\n [\n -88.875,\n 37.125\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d975","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lambert, T. William","contributorId":40574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambert","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":277897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70171424,"text":"70171424 - 1966 - Glacier mass budget measurements by hydrologic means","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-04T14:15:36","indexId":"70171424","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Glacier mass budget measurements by hydrologic means","docAbstract":"Ice storage changes for the South Cascade Glacier drainage basin were determined for the 1957–1964 period using basin runoff and precipitation measurements. Measurements indicate that evaporation and condensation are negligible compared with the large runoff and precipitation values. Runoff, measured by a stream discharge station, averaged 4.04 m/yr; precipitation, determined by snow accumulation measurements at a central point on the glacier and by storage gages, averaged 3.82 m/yr, resulting in a basin net loss of about 0.22 m/yr. During the same period, South Cascade Glacier net budgets were determined by ablation stakes, snow density-depth profiles, and maps. The average glacier net budget for the period was −0.61sol;yr of water. This amount is equivalent to −0.26 m of water when averaged over the drainage basin (43% glacier-covered), which is in fair agreement with the net storage change measured by hydrologic methods. Agreement between the two methods for individual years is slightly less perfect.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR002i001p00105","usgsCitation":"Tangborn, W.V., 1966, Glacier mass budget measurements by hydrologic means: Water Resources Research, v. 2, no. 1, p. 105-110, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR002i001p00105.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"105","endPage":"110","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321910,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"South Cascade Glacier","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.09182357788086,\n 48.34118976566224\n ],\n [\n -121.0370635986328,\n 48.34118976566224\n ],\n [\n -121.0370635986328,\n 48.3807678494171\n ],\n [\n -121.09182357788086,\n 48.3807678494171\n ],\n [\n -121.09182357788086,\n 48.34118976566224\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574eb5cbe4b0ee97d51a83c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tangborn, Wendell V.","contributorId":32152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tangborn","given":"Wendell","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70190813,"text":"70190813 - 1966 - Hydrologic and climatologic data, 1965, Salt Lake County, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-26T15:44:09","indexId":"70190813","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5498,"text":"Utah Basic-Data Release","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"12","title":"Hydrologic and climatologic data, 1965, Salt Lake County, Utah","docAbstract":"An investigation of the water resources of Salt Lake County, Utah, was undertaken by the Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey in July 1963. This investigation is a cooperative project financed equally by the State of Utah and the Federal Government in accordance with an agreement between the State Engineer and the Geological Survey. The Utah Water and Power Board, Utah Fish and Game Commission, Salt Lake County Water Conservancy District, Metropolitan Water District of Salt Lake City, Salt Lake County, Kennecott Copper Corporation, Utah Power and Light Company, Salt Lake City Chamber of Commerce, and the Central Utah Water Conservancy District. contributed funds to the State Engineer's office toward support of the project.
The investigation encompasses the collection and interpretation of a large variety of climatologic, hydrologic, and geologic data in and near Salt Lake County. Utah Basic-Data Release No. 11 contains data collected through 1964. This release contains climatologic and surface-water data for the 1965 water year (October 1964 to September 1965) and ground-water data collected during the 1965 calendar year. Similar annual releases will contain data collected during the remainder of the investigation, and interpretive reports will be prepared as the investigation proceeds. Organizations that furnished data are acknowledged in station descriptions and footnotes to tables.
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A.","contributorId":63940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horr","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70190812,"text":"70190812 - 1966 - Hydrologic and climatologic data collected through 1964, Salt Lake County, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-14T16:51:21","indexId":"70190812","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5498,"text":"Utah Basic-Data Release","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"11","title":"Hydrologic and climatologic data collected through 1964, Salt Lake County, Utah","docAbstract":"An investigation of the water resources of Salt Lake County, Utah, was undertaken by the Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey in July 1963. This investigation is a cooperative project financed equally by the State of Utah and the Federal Government in accordance with an agreement between the State Engineer and the Geological Survey. The Utah Water and Power Board, Utah Fish and Game Commission, Salt Lake County Water Conservancy District, Metropolitan Water District of Salt Lake City, Salt Lake County, Kennecott Copper Corporation, Utah Power and Light Company, and Salt Lake City Chamber of Commerce contributed funds to the State Engineer's office toward support of the project.
The investigation encompasses the collection and interpretation of a large variety of climatologic, hydrologic, and geologic data in and near Salt Lake County. This basic-data report sets forth climatologic and surface-water data collected by project personnel and others during the water year beginning October 1, 1963, and ending September 30, 1964, and ground-water data collected by project personnel and others for the period July 1, 1963, through December 31, 1964. Included also are some earlier ground-water data not previously published. Organizations that furnished data are acknowledged in station descriptions and footnotes to tables. Data collected during the period of investigation will be published in annual basic-data releases and an interpretative report will be published at the completion of the investigation.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, Utah","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with The State of Utah and local organizations","usgsCitation":"Iorns, W., Mower, R.W., and Horr, C.A., 1966, Hydrologic and climatologic data collected through 1964, Salt Lake County, Utah: Utah Basic-Data Release 11, ii, 91 p.","productDescription":"ii, 91 p.","numberOfPages":"96","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345784,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":345783,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.waterrights.utah.gov/cgi-bin/docview.exe?Folder=TP21-1-220&Title=Basic+Data+Report+11"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Salt Lake 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Lake\",\"state\":\"UT\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59bb953ae4b091459a57821d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Iorns, W.V.","contributorId":56726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iorns","given":"W.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mower, Reed W.","contributorId":32503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mower","given":"Reed","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Horr, C. A.","contributorId":63940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horr","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70171217,"text":"70171217 - 1966 - Persistence of 2,6-Dichlorobenzonitrile in aquatic environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-23T13:14:46","indexId":"70171217","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Persistence of 2,6-Dichlorobenzonitrile in aquatic environments","docAbstract":"In two experiments 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile was added to aquatic systems, and the residue levels were followed for about 6 months. A granular formulation applied to a farm pond at 0.6 p.p.m. produced highest residues in water and fish about 2 weeks following treatment whereas vegetation and soil samples had the highest levels within 1 or 2 days. Residues were still measurable after 188 days. In ponds treated with a wettable powder formulation at 10, 20, and 40 p.p.m., residues in water and fish were highest within 3 days after treatment. The concentration in water 11 days after treatment was about 2% of the three-day level. Fish whole-body residues dropped nearly as fast but were still measurable at 112 days.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Organic pesticides in the environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/ba-1966-0060.ch022","usgsCitation":"Van Valin, C., 1966, Persistence of 2,6-Dichlorobenzonitrile in aquatic environments, chap. of Organic pesticides in the environment, v. 60, p. 271-279, https://doi.org/10.1021/ba-1966-0060.ch022.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"271","endPage":"279","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323977,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576913e2e4b07657d19ff20b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Valin, C.C.","contributorId":169611,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Valin","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70171416,"text":"70171416 - 1966 - A sampler for coring sediments in rivers and estuaries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-31T11:14:38","indexId":"70171416","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A sampler for coring sediments in rivers and estuaries","docAbstract":"A portable sampler developed to core submerged unconsolidated sediments collects cores that are 180 cm long and 4.75cm in diameter. The sampler is used from a 12-m boat in water depths up to 20 m and in flow velocities up to 1.5m per second to sample river and estuarine deposits ranging from silty clay to medium sand. Even in sand that cannot be penetrated with conventional corers, the sampler achieves easy penetration through the combined application of vibration, suction, and axial force. A piston in the core barrel creates suction, and the suspension system is arranged so that tension on the support cable produces both a downward force on the core barrel and a lateral support against overturning. Samples are usually retained because of slight compaction in the driving head; as a precaution, however, the bottom of the core barrel is covered by a plate that closes after the barrel is withdrawn from the bed. Tests show that sample-retainers placed within the driving head restrict penetration and limit core lengths. Stratification within cores is disrupted little as a result of the sampling process.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1966)77[549:ASFCSI]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Prych, E.A., and Hubbell, D.W., 1966, A sampler for coring sediments in rivers and estuaries: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 77, no. 5, p. 549-556, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1966)77[549:ASFCSI]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"549","endPage":"556","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321903,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"77","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574eb5abe4b0ee97d51a8388","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prych, Edmund A.","contributorId":38139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prych","given":"Edmund","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hubbell, D. W.","contributorId":15997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubbell","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1000079,"text":"1000079 - 1966 - Life history of the gizzard shad, Dorosoma cepedianum (Le Sueur), in western Lake Erie","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-02T17:16:05","indexId":"1000079","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1663,"text":"Fishery Bulletin","printIssn":"0090-0656","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Life history of the gizzard shad, Dorosoma cepedianum (Le Sueur), in western Lake Erie","docAbstract":"The rapid increase in the stocks of gizzard shad in Lake Erie since 1950 unquestionably had an important effect on the ecology of the lake. The present study, based on almost 24,000 fish collected by various means in 1952-55 in or near the island area of western Lake Erie was undertaken to provide information on the role of shad in the bionomics of the region.\r\nThe annulus of the gizzard shad scale is a valid year-mark. It is laid down in May-July, a little later in the older than in the younger fish. The body-scale relation is linear with an intercept of 22.1 mm. on the axis of standard length. Age-groups 0, I, and II were abundantly represented in the samples. Age-group III was much less well represented, and older fish were extremely scarce. The oldest shad seen belonged to the VI-group.\r\nThe seasonal growth was most rapid in July-August and growth was much reduced or nil in January-April. Males attained the following average standard lengths (in millimeters) at the end of the indicated years of life: 1-141; 2-273; 3-313; 4-343; 5-349. For females these values were 1-140; 2-285; 3-335; 4-364; 5-386.\r\nThe weight of the gizzard shad increased as the 3.07053 power of the length. The length-weight relation varied seasonally, annually, and, near the spawning season, according to sex and state of gonads.\r\nOnly a few precocious male and female gizzard shad attain sexual maturity as age-group I. Almost all males and a good percentage of females mature at age II and only rarely are III-group shad immature. Development of the egg and seasonal changes of the ovary are described. Egg production is highest in the II group-average of 378,900 per individual and 689 per gram of body weight. Spawning takes place from early June into July and is most intensive near mid-June. Heaviest spawning is at water temperatures of 67A?F. or more. Early development to the attainment of the adult shape is described; particular attention is given to the development of the alimentary tract.\r\nThe anatomy of the digestive tract in the adult is described, and comments are offered on the function of such organs as the pharyngeal pouches and the caeca. Tests were made for digestive enzymes in different parts of the tract. The gizzard shad is a filter feeder. Food varies widely with season and locality but consists mostly of phytoplankton and zooplankton.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fishery Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","collaboration":"Out-of-print","usgsCitation":"Bodola, A., 1966, Life history of the gizzard shad, Dorosoma cepedianum (Le Sueur), in western Lake Erie: Fishery Bulletin, v. 65, no. 2, p. 391-425.","productDescription":"p. 391-425","startPage":"391","endPage":"425","numberOfPages":"34","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133029,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"65","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a53f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bodola, Anthony","contributorId":86732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodola","given":"Anthony","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}