This report presents a series of new thermal maturation maps for Pennsylvania, based on conodont color alteration index (CAI) and vitrinite reflectance (%Ro). Also, RockEval and total organic carbon (TOC) data are included in the report. Two Paleozoic intervals were studied: Middle Ordovician carbonate rocks and Lower and Middle Devonian carbonate rocks and black shale. These intervals were chosen for several reasons: A) they represent target reservoir zones for most of the oil and gas exploration and drilling in Pennsylvania; B) they are stratigraphically near probable source rocks for the oil and gas; C) they include contiguous geologic formations that extend across most of Pennsylvania; D) they contain carbonate grainstone/packstone which give a reasonable to good probability of recovery of conodont elements from small samples of drill cuttings; and E) the Middle Devonian black shale contains large amounts of organic matter for geochemical analysis.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr2002302","usgsCitation":"Repetski, J.E., Ryder, R., Harper, J., and Trippi, M.H., 2002, Thermal maturity patterns (CAI and %Ro) in the Ordovician and Devonian rocks of the Appalachian basin in Pennsylvania (Online Version 1.2): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-302, Report: ii, 57 p.; 3 Tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2002302.","productDescription":"Report: ii, 57 p.; 3 Tables","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":165769,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":400586,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_52336.htm"},{"id":9158,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/of02-302/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United 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A.","contributorId":106991,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harper","given":"John A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Trippi, Michael H. 0000-0002-1398-3427 mtrippi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1398-3427","contributorId":941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trippi","given":"Michael","email":"mtrippi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":44313,"text":"ofr01420 - 2002 - Ground-water and surface-water quality data for the West Branch Canal Creek area, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, November 1999-May 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-28T21:34:37.356485","indexId":"ofr01420","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-420","title":"Ground-water and surface-water quality data for the West Branch Canal Creek area, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, November 1999-May 2001","docAbstract":"This report presents ground-water and surface-water quality data from samples collected by the U.S. Geological Survey from November 1999 through May 2001 at West Branch Canal Creek, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland. The report also provides a description of the sampling and analytical methods that were used to collect and analyze the samples, and includes an evaluation of the quality-assurance data. The ground-water sampling network included two 4-inch wells, two 2-inch wells, sixteen 1-inch piezometers, one hundred thirteen 0.75-inch piezometers, two 0.25-inch flexible-tubing piezo-meters, twenty-seven 0.25-inch piezometers, and forty-two multi-level monitoring system depths at six sites. Ground-water profiler samples were collected from nine sites at 34 depths. In addition, passive-diffusion-bag samplers were deployed at four sites, and porous-membrane sampling devices were installed in the upper sediment at five sites. Surface-water samples were collected from 20 sites. Samples were collected from wells and 0.75-inch piezometers for measurement of field parameters and reduction-oxidation constituents, and analysis of inorganic and organic constituents, during three sampling events in March-April and June-August 2000, and May 2001. Surface-water samples were collected from November 1999 through September 2000 during five sampling events for analysis of organic constituents. Ground-water profiler samples were collected in April-May 2000, and analyzed for field measurements, reduction-oxidation constituents, and inorganic constituents and organic constituents. Passive-diffusion-bag samplers were installed in September 2000, and samples were analyzed for organic constituents. Multi-level monitoring system samples were collected and analyzed for field measurements and reduction-oxidation constituents, inorganic constituents, and organic constituents in March-April and June-August 2000. Field measurements and organic constituents were collected from 0.25-inch piezometers during three sampling rounds in March-April and June-August 2000, and May 2001. Porous-mem-brane sampling devices were installed at depths of up to 3 feet and sampled for organic compounds and reduction-oxidation constituents in March and June 2000, and May 2001. Field measurements, reduction-oxidation constituents, inorganic and organic ground-water samples were collected and analyzed from 1-inch piezometers in May 2001.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr01420","usgsCitation":"Spencer, T.A., Phelan, D.J., Olsen, L., and Lorah, M.M., 2002, Ground-water and surface-water quality data for the West Branch Canal Creek area, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, November 1999-May 2001: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-420, viii, 295 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01420.","productDescription":"viii, 295 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":423021,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_52338.htm"},{"id":81648,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0420/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":3725,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr01-420/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":167863,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0420/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Aberdeen Proving Ground, West Branch Canal Creek area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.32517467524768,\n 39.4195139895742\n ],\n [\n -76.32517467524768,\n 39.386701032282815\n ],\n [\n -76.2836799382649,\n 39.386701032282815\n ],\n [\n -76.2836799382649,\n 39.4195139895742\n ],\n [\n -76.32517467524768,\n 39.4195139895742\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d3f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spencer, Tracey A.","contributorId":59477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spencer","given":"Tracey","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Phelan, Daniel J.","contributorId":51716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phelan","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Olsen, Lisa D. ldolsen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"Lisa D.","email":"ldolsen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":229547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lorah, Michelle M. 0000-0002-9236-587X mmlorah@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9236-587X","contributorId":1437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorah","given":"Michelle","email":"mmlorah@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":229546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":39993,"text":"ofr02160 - 2002 - Detailed aerial gamma-ray surveys, Albuquerque Basin, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:53","indexId":"ofr02160","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-160","title":"Detailed aerial gamma-ray surveys, Albuquerque Basin, New Mexico","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr02160","usgsCitation":"Duval, J.S., 2002, Detailed aerial gamma-ray surveys, Albuquerque Basin, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-160, 1 CD-ROM : col. maps ; 4 3/4 in. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02160.","productDescription":"1 CD-ROM : col. maps ; 4 3/4 in. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":172094,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667c63","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duval, J. S.","contributorId":15200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duval","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":39988,"text":"ofr022 - 2002 - Geological framework data from Long Island Sound, 1981-1990: A digital data release","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-10T14:44:12.177578","indexId":"ofr022","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"02-002","title":"Geological framework data from Long Island Sound, 1981-1990: A digital data release","docAbstract":"Since 1980 the Coastal and Marine Geology Program of the U.S. Geological Survey and Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection have conducted a joint program of cooperative geologic research in Long Island Sound and its vicinity. As part of this program, a highly successful regional-scale study of the geologic framework was completed. Reconnaissance high-resolution seismic reflection data were collected and used to establish the basic stratigraphy within the Sound and to map the major geologic units; field verification of the geologic interpretations of the seismic profiles was primarily accomplished with vibratory cores. These interpretations were in turn used to produce basin-wide syntheses of the late Quaternary depositional history.
Unfortunately, the original seismic records and core logs were generated only in analog form. These unique paper documents, which are still under demand for industrial applications and academic research, are fragile and have become ragged from frequent use. The purpose of this report is to preserve these data by converting the seismic profiles, core descriptions, and ancillary reports into digital form, and to organize these files into a product that can be more readily accessed and disseminated.
Not all of the existing high-resolution seismic-reflection surveys, collected in Long Island Sound through cooperatives with the U.S. Geological Survey and the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection, have been incorporated into this report. These surveys, whose records are still in need of preprocessing and annotation, generally cover smaller areas along the Connecticut coast and were originally intended to provide additional detail to the larger, more regional data sets presented herein. The digital release of the omitted data sets is planned as part of a future product.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr022","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Poppe, L., Paskevich, V., Lewis, R.S., and DiGiacomo-Cohen, M., 2002, Geological framework data from Long Island Sound, 1981-1990: A digital data release: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-002, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr022.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":3672,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0002/index.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 2002-02 HTML"},{"id":171886,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0002/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":406562,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_52734.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut, New York","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.883056640625,\n 40.78054143186033\n ],\n [\n -73.51776123046875,\n 40.90313381465847\n ],\n [\n -73.21563720703125,\n 40.89275342420696\n ],\n [\n -72.5262451171875,\n 40.99855696412671\n ],\n [\n -72.20489501953125,\n 41.178653972331674\n ],\n [\n -72.25433349609375,\n 41.29844430929419\n ],\n [\n -72.7734375,\n 41.283998505385924\n ],\n [\n -72.96844482421875,\n 41.292253642159466\n ],\n [\n -73.32000732421875,\n 41.151774298444984\n ],\n [\n -73.67431640625,\n 41.025499378313754\n ],\n [\n -73.84185791015625,\n 40.85537053192494\n ],\n [\n -73.90502929687499,\n 40.79925662005228\n ],\n [\n -73.883056640625,\n 40.78054143186033\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Woods Hole Science Center
384 Woods Hole Road
Quissett Campus
Woods Hole, MA 02543
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr02311","usgsCitation":"Palmer, C., Dennen, K., Kolker, A., Finkelman, R.F., and Bullock, J.H., 2002, Chemical analysis and modes of occurrence of selected trace elements in a coal sample from eastern Kentucky coal bed: White Creek Mine, Martin County, Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-311, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02311.","productDescription":"38 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":165771,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0311/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":67748,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0311/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kentucky","county":"Martin County","otherGeospatial":"White Creek Mine","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e1e4b07f02db5e4948","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Palmer, Curtis A.","contributorId":46967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palmer","given":"Curtis A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dennen, Kris","contributorId":48617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dennen","given":"Kris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kolker, Allan 0000-0002-5768-4533 akolker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5768-4533","contributorId":643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolker","given":"Allan","email":"akolker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Finkelman, Robert F.","contributorId":39032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finkelman","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bullock, John H. Jr.","contributorId":105316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullock","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":40000,"text":"ofr02308 - 2002 - Chemical pollutants and toxic effects on benthic organisms, Biscayne Bay: a pilot study preceding Florida Everglades restoration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:56","indexId":"ofr02308","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-308","title":"Chemical pollutants and toxic effects on benthic organisms, Biscayne Bay: a pilot study preceding Florida Everglades restoration","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr02308","usgsCitation":"Lidz, B.H., 2002, Chemical pollutants and toxic effects on benthic organisms, Biscayne Bay: a pilot study preceding Florida Everglades restoration: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-308, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02308.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":165770,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3516,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/of02-308/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e0e4b07f02db5e3e93","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lidz, B. H.","contributorId":30651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lidz","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":39998,"text":"ofr02295 - 2002 - Transplanting coral fragments to damaged coral reefs in a national park - Planting the seeds to recovery?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-26T14:48:55.612783","indexId":"ofr02295","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-295","title":"Transplanting coral fragments to damaged coral reefs in a national park - Planting the seeds to recovery?","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr02295","usgsCitation":"Florida Caribbean Science Center and Center for Coastal and Regional Marine Studies, 2002, Transplanting coral fragments to damaged coral reefs in a national park - Planting the seeds to recovery?: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-295, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02295.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":165696,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0295/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":67747,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0295/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"Virgin Islands","otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Ocean, Virgin Islands National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -64.75673876355596,\n 18.32053406283316\n ],\n [\n -64.75592865714067,\n 18.316172934064156\n ],\n [\n -64.7478839814515,\n 18.323025413601528\n ],\n [\n -64.7446039148982,\n 18.31990990251711\n ],\n [\n -64.73214438765915,\n 18.31243775878687\n ],\n [\n -64.72523816090876,\n 18.31990990251711\n ],\n [\n -64.72160315847938,\n 18.329727985654472\n ],\n [\n -64.72307372506131,\n 18.332847426928012\n ],\n [\n -64.73193166513911,\n 18.339558456778775\n ],\n [\n -64.73783497627547,\n 18.3486197039515\n ],\n [\n -64.74655016830646,\n 18.348307071842157\n ],\n [\n -64.75362048374863,\n 18.34315066177963\n ],\n [\n -64.76479816703213,\n 18.343931716239226\n ],\n [\n -64.76512403231544,\n 18.340183368134618\n ],\n [\n -64.77087363983466,\n 18.338309869636817\n ],\n [\n -64.76938588935063,\n 18.329884694766335\n ],\n [\n -64.76544404333227,\n 18.329260969964025\n ],\n [\n -64.7570678682851,\n 18.324272968576338\n ],\n [\n -64.75673876355596,\n 18.32053406283316\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4de4b07f02db626c82","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Florida Caribbean Science Center and Center for Coastal and Regional Marine Studies","contributorId":128169,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Florida Caribbean Science Center and Center for Coastal and Regional Marine Studies","id":529931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":40004,"text":"ofr02345 - 2002 - Composition of the Rex Chert and associated rocks of the Permian Phosphoria Formation: Soda Springs area, SE Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-27T14:52:15.053934","indexId":"ofr02345","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-345","title":"Composition of the Rex Chert and associated rocks of the Permian Phosphoria Formation: Soda Springs area, SE Idaho","docAbstract":"This study, one in a series, reports bulk chemical and mineralogical compositions, as well as petrographic and outcrop descriptions of rocks collected from three measured outcrop sections of the Rex Chert member of the Phosphoria Formation in SE Idaho. The three measured sections were chosen from ten outcrops of Rex Chert that were described in the field. The Rex Chert overlies the Meade Peak Phosphatic Shale Member of the Phosphoria Formation, the source of phosphate ore in the region. Rex Chert removed as overburden comprises part of the material disposed in waste-rock piles during phosphate mining. It has been proposed that the chert be used to cap and isolate waste piles, thereby inhibiting the leaching of potentially toxic elements into the environment. It is also used to surface roads in the mining district. The rock samples studied here constitute a set of individual chert beds that are representative of each stratigraphic section sampled. The informally named cherty shale member that overlies the Rex Chert in measured section 1 was also described and sampled. The upper Meade Peak and the transition zone to the Rex Chert were described and sampled in section 7. The cherts are predominantly spicularite composed of granular and mosaic quartz, and sponge spicules, with various but minor amounts of other fossils and detrital grains. The cherty shale member and transition rocks between the Meade Peak and Rex Chert are siliceous siltstones and argillaceous cherts with ghosts of sponge spicules and somewhat more detrital grains than the chert. The overwhelmingly dominant mineral is quartz, although carbonate beds are rare in each section and are composed predominantly of calcite and dolomite in addition to quartz. Feldspar, mica, clay minerals, calcite, dolomite, and carbonate fluorapatite are minor to trace minerals in the chert.
\nThe mean concentrations of oxides and elements in the Rex Chert and the cherty shale member are dominated by SiO2, which averages 94.6%. Organic-carbon contents are generally very low in the chert, but are up to 1.8 wt. % in cherty shale member samples and up to 3.3% in samples from the transition between the Meade Peak and Rex Chert. Likewise, phosphate (P2O5) is generally low in the chert, but can be up to 3.1% in individual beds. Selenium concentrations in Rex Chert and cherty shale member samples vary from <0.2 to 138 ppm, with a mean concentration of 7.0 ppm. This mean Se content is heavily dependent on two values of 101 and 138 ppm for rocks from the transition zone between the Meade Peak and Rex Chert. Without those two samples, the mean Se concentration would be <1.0 ppm. Other elements of environmental interest, As, Cr, V, Zn, Hg, and Cd, are generally near or below their content in average continental shale. Stratigraphic changes (equivalent to temporal changes in the depositional basin) in chemical composition of rocks are notable either as uniform changes through the sections or as distinct differences in the mean composition of rocks that compose the upper and lower halves of the sections.
\nQ-mode factors are interpreted to represent the following rock and mineral components: chert-silica component consisting of Si (± Ba); phosphorite-phosphate component composed of P, Ca, As, Y, V, Cr, Sr, and La (± Fe, Zn, Cu, Ni, Li, Se, Nd, Hg); shale component composed of Al, Na, Zr, K, Ba, Li, and organic C (± Ti, Mg, Se, Ni, Fe, Sr, V, Mn, Zn); carbonate component (dolomite, calcite, silicified carbonates) composed of carbonate C, Mg, Ca, and Si (± Mn); tentatively organic matter-hosted elements (and/or sulfide-sulfate phases) composed of Cu (± organic C, Zn, Mn Si, Ni, Hg, and Li). Selenium shows a dominant association with the shale component, but correlations and Qmode factors also indicate that organic matter (within the shale component) and carbonate fluorapatite may host a portion of the Se. Consideration of larger numbers of factors in Qmode analysis indicates that native Se (a factor containing Se (± Ba)) may also comprise a minor component of the Se compliment.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr02345","collaboration":"Prepared in collaboration with U.S. Bureau of Land Management, U.S. Forest Service, Agrium U.S. Inc., Astaris LLC, J.R. Simplot Company, Rhodia Inc., Monsanto Co.","usgsCitation":"Hein, J.R., McIntyre, B., Perkins, R.B., Piper, D.Z., and Evans, J., 2002, Composition of the Rex Chert and associated rocks of the Permian Phosphoria Formation: Soda Springs area, SE Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-345, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02345.","productDescription":"30 p.","numberOfPages":"30","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":283848,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr02345.jpg"},{"id":283847,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0345/pdf/of02-345.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":3518,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0345/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.62,42.55 ], [ -111.62,42.75 ], [ -111.25,42.75 ], [ -111.25,42.55 ], [ -111.62,42.55 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8181","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hein, James R. 0000-0002-5321-899X jhein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5321-899X","contributorId":2828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hein","given":"James","email":"jhein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":222806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McIntyre, Brandie","contributorId":37796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIntyre","given":"Brandie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Perkins, Robert B.","contributorId":106954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Piper, David Z. dzpiper@usgs.gov","contributorId":2452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piper","given":"David","email":"dzpiper@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Evans, James","contributorId":83570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":48845,"text":"ofr02168 - 2002 - Updated techniques for estimating monthly streamflow-duration characteristics at ungaged and partial-record sites in central Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:05","indexId":"ofr02168","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-168","title":"Updated techniques for estimating monthly streamflow-duration characteristics at ungaged and partial-record sites in central Nevada","docAbstract":"Techniques for estimating monthly streamflow-duration characteristics at ungaged and partial-record sites in central Nevada have been updated. These techniques were developed using streamflow records at six continuous-record sites, basin physical and climatic characteristics, and concurrent streamflow measurements at four partial-record sites.\r\n\r\nTwo methods, the basin-characteristic method and the concurrent-measurement method, were developed to provide estimating techniques for selected streamflow characteristics at ungaged and partial-record sites in central Nevada. In the first method, logarithmic-regression analyses were used to relate monthly mean streamflows (from all months and by month) from continuous-record gaging sites of various percent exceedence levels or monthly mean streamflows (by month) to selected basin physical and climatic variables at ungaged sites. Analyses indicate that the total drainage area and percent of drainage area at altitudes greater than 10,000 feet are the most significant variables. For the equations developed from all months of monthly mean streamflow, the coefficient of determination averaged 0.84 and the standard error of estimate of the relations for the ungaged sites averaged 72 percent. For the equations derived from monthly means by month, the coefficient of determination averaged 0.72 and the standard error of estimate of the relations averaged 78 percent. If standard errors are compared, the relations developed in this study appear generally to be less accurate than those developed in a previous study. However, the new relations are based on additional data and the slight increase in error may be due to the wider range of streamflow for a longer period of record, 1995-2000.\r\n\r\nIn the second method, streamflow measurements at partial-record sites were correlated with concurrent streamflows at nearby gaged sites by the use of linear-regression techniques. Statistical measures of results using the second method typically indicated greater accuracy than for the first method. However, to make estimates for individual months, the concurrent-measurement method requires several years additional streamflow data at more partial-record sites. Thus, exceedence values for individual months are not yet available due to the low number of concurrent-streamflow-measurement data available. Reliability, limitations, and applications of both estimating methods are described herein.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr02168","usgsCitation":"Hess, G.W., 2002, Updated techniques for estimating monthly streamflow-duration characteristics at ungaged and partial-record sites in central Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-168, iii, 13 p. : ill., map ; 28 cm. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02168.","productDescription":"iii, 13 p. : ill., map ; 28 cm. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":162844,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4065,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr02168/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e479de4b07f02db491d3b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hess, Glen W.","contributorId":19136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"Glen","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":238410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":40006,"text":"ofr02359 - 2002 - Preliminary evaluation of the coal resources for part of the Wilcox Group (Paleocene through Eocene), central Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:50","indexId":"ofr02359","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-359","title":"Preliminary evaluation of the coal resources for part of the Wilcox Group (Paleocene through Eocene), central Texas","docAbstract":"The Wilcox Group of central Texas contains shallow (<500 ft) coal deposits that are mined for use in mine-mouth electric power generating plants. These coal deposits range in apparent rank from lignite to sub-bituminous (Tewalt, 1986), and are similar in rank and composition to shallow coal deposits in the northeast and south Texas areas (fig. 1). The coal zones and associated strata in the central Texas study area generally dip to the southeast toward the Gulf of Mexico coastline and basin center. The central Texas resource assessment area includes parts of eight counties (fig. 2). The assessment area was selected to encompass current mining areas and because of the availability of subsurface stratigraphic data in the area. The assessment area is roughly 160 miles long and 5 to 25 miles wide and generally follows the outcrop of the Paleocene - Eocene Wilcox Group in central Texas (figs. 1 and 2). Approximately 1,800 subsurface stratigraphic records from rotary and core drill holes were used to assess the resources of the central Texas assessment area. Of the 1,800 drill holes, only 168 are public data points and are primarily located in the areas that have been permitted for surface mining (fig. 2; Appendix 1). The remaining 1632 drill holes, which are distributed throughout the assessment area, were provided to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) on a confidential basis by various coal companies for use in regional studies. Nine coal zones were identified and assessed in the central Texas assessment area. Several other coal zones (as many as 9 unassessed zones) were identified but were not assessed due to the thinness of the coal beds or the lack of deep stratigraphic data (fig. 3). A total of 7.7 billion short tons of coal was identified in this assessment that excluded the resources within current coal mine lease areas (fig. 2). \r\n\r\nCorresponding maps were constructed to show the overburden, structure contour of the top of the coal zone, and cumulative coal-zone thickness for each of the nine coal zones. Warwick and Crowley (1995) offer a discussion of the general geologic setting and stratigraphy of the central Texas study area, and Tewalt (1986) presents a discussion of the coal quality aspects of the central Texas study area.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr02359","usgsCitation":"Warwick, P.D., Aubourg, C.E., Suitt, S.E., Podwysocki, S.M., and Schultz, A.C., 2002, Preliminary evaluation of the coal resources for part of the Wilcox Group (Paleocene through Eocene), central Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-359, 80 p., one CD-ROM., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02359.","productDescription":"80 p., one CD-ROM.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":165171,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3519,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/of02-359/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b48e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warwick, Peter D. 0000-0002-3152-7783 pwarwick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3152-7783","contributorId":762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warwick","given":"Peter","email":"pwarwick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":222813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aubourg, Claire E.","contributorId":87192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aubourg","given":"Claire","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Suitt, Stephen E. ssuitt@usgs.gov","contributorId":3952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suitt","given":"Stephen","email":"ssuitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Podwysocki, Steven M.","contributorId":90352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Podwysocki","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schultz, Adam C.","contributorId":82752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schultz","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":40008,"text":"ofr02390 - 2002 - Statistical summaries of water-quality data for selected streamflow-gaging stations in the Red River of the North basin, North Dakota, Minnesota, and South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-12T14:37:25","indexId":"ofr02390","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-390","title":"Statistical summaries of water-quality data for selected streamflow-gaging stations in the Red River of the North basin, North Dakota, Minnesota, and South Dakota","docAbstract":"The quantity and quality of current and future water resources in the Red River of the North Basin in North Dakota, Minnesota, and South Dakota are concerns of people who reside within the basin. Additional water resources are needed because of recent growth in population, industry, and agriculture. How the management of current and future water-resources will impact water quality within the basin is a critical issue. Water-quality data, particularly for surface-water sources, will help water-resources managers make decisions about current and future water resources in the Red River of the North Basin. Statistical summaries of water-quality data for 43 streamflow-gaging stations in the Red River of the North Basin in North Dakota, Minnesota, and South Dakota are presented in this report. Statistical summaries include sample size, maximum, minimum, mean, and values for the 95th, 75th, 50th, 25th, and 5th percentiles.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr02390","usgsCitation":"Macek-Rowland, K.M., and Dressler, V.M., 2002, Statistical summaries of water-quality data for selected streamflow-gaging stations in the Red River of the North basin, North Dakota, Minnesota, and South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-390, 229 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02390.","productDescription":"229 p.","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":67751,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0390/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":165173,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0390/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4ce5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Macek-Rowland, Kathleen M.","contributorId":50565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macek-Rowland","given":"Kathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dressler, Valerie M. dressler@usgs.gov","contributorId":5791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dressler","given":"Valerie","email":"dressler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":222822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":39989,"text":"ofr0213 - 2002 - Fracture-correlated lineaments at Great Bay, southeastern New Hampshire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:53","indexId":"ofr0213","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-13","title":"Fracture-correlated lineaments at Great Bay, southeastern New Hampshire","docAbstract":"Analysis by remote-sensing techniques and observations of exposed bedrock structure were preliminary steps taken in a study to locate potential bedrock-fracture zones that may store and transmit ground water near Great Bay, N.H. To help correlate lineaments on the surface with fractures, structural measurements were made at exposed bedrock, largely along the shoreline of the bay, and analyzed to identify fracture trends and fracture characteristics. With these fracture data, lineament-filtering techniques, such as (1) buffer analysis around individual lineaments, (2) discrete-measurement analysis by domain, and (3) spacing-normalized analysis by domain, identified 'fracture-correlated lineaments.' Of the 927 lineaments identified in the study area (180 square kilometers), 406 (44 percent) were evaluated because they either were located within 305 meters of an outcrop with fracture data or intersected one of five 3,300-meter-square grid domain cells that encompassed the fracture data. Of the 406 lineaments, 190 (47 percent) are fracture correlated, although only 15 percent were correlated by more than one filtering technique. \r\n\r\nThe large number of lineaments found in areas of thin glacial overburden and high densities of fractured outcrops suggests that filtering techniques are useful in these areas to selectively identify fracture-correlated lineaments. Fractures parallel to bedding in the Kittery Formation are open locally and often associated with vugs, with up to 1-centimeter aperture, and may provide appreciable secondary porosity in this rock unit. Discrete-measurement analysis by domain identified fracture-correlated lineaments with orientations parallel to these open and vug-filled fractures. Fracture-correlated lineaments related to closely spaced fractures were identified by the spacing-normalized analysis by domain. Analysis results may be used to indicate the potential bedrock pathways for ground-water-discharge points along the shoreline of Great Bay.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr0213","usgsCitation":"Degnan, J.R., and Clark, S.F., 2002, Fracture-correlated lineaments at Great Bay, southeastern New Hampshire: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-13, iv, 14 p. : ill., maps (1 col.) ; 28 cm., 1 over-size sheet, scale 1:24,000 (1 inch = 2,000 feet)., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0213.","productDescription":"iv, 14 p. : ill., maps (1 col.) ; 28 cm., 1 over-size sheet, scale 1:24,000 (1 inch = 2,000 feet).","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":171887,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3673,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/ofr02-013/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a909f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Degnan, James R. 0000-0002-5665-9010 jrdegnan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5665-9010","contributorId":498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Degnan","given":"James","email":"jrdegnan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, Stewart F. 0000-0001-8841-2728 sclark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8841-2728","contributorId":3658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Stewart","email":"sclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":39994,"text":"ofr02181 - 2002 - Fourth international circumpolar arctic vegetation mapping workshop","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-29T13:50:47","indexId":"ofr02181","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-181","title":"Fourth international circumpolar arctic vegetation mapping workshop","docAbstract":"During the week of April 10, 2001, the Fourth International Circumpolar Arctic Vegetation Mapping Workshop was held in Moscow, Russia. The purpose of this meeting was to bring together the vegetation scientists working on the Circumpolar Arctic Vegetation Map (CAVM) to (1) review the progress of current mapping activities, (2) discuss and agree upon a standard set of arctic tundra subzones, (3) plan for the production and dissemination of a draft map, and (4) begin work on a legend for the final map.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr02181","usgsCitation":"Raynolds, M.K., and Markon, C., 2002, Fourth international circumpolar arctic vegetation mapping workshop: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-181, 98 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02181.","productDescription":"98 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":172095,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3674,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/of02-181/ ","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":338646,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/of02-181/of02-181.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ce4b07f02db6a9452","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Raynolds, Martha K.","contributorId":98174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raynolds","given":"Martha","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Markon, C. J.","contributorId":66729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markon","given":"C. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":39995,"text":"ofr02192 - 2002 - Environmental quality and preservation - tiny windows to environmental change: the fascinating world of microfossils","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:53","indexId":"ofr02192","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-192","title":"Environmental quality and preservation - tiny windows to environmental change: the fascinating world of microfossils","docAbstract":"Though small in size, calcareous (calcium\r\ncarbonate) microfossils reveal volumes\r\nabout geologic time, events, processes,\r\nand past climate. The U.S. Geological\r\nSurvey (USGS) has the capability to\r\nprovide signifi cant scientifi c information\r\nbased on microfossils that can be used\r\nto help resolve issues raised in many\r\nother disciplines. A source for pioneering\r\ninvestigations and new discoveries little\r\nrecognized outside the fi eld, microfossils\r\nand the stories they tell lie preserved in\r\nthe geologic record.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr02192","usgsCitation":"Lidz, B.H., 2002, Environmental quality and preservation - tiny windows to environmental change: the fascinating world of microfossils: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-192, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02192.","productDescription":"6 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":172096,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9157,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/of02-192/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db6021e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lidz, Barbara H. blidz@usgs.gov","contributorId":2475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lidz","given":"Barbara","email":"blidz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":222783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":39996,"text":"ofr2002198 - 2002 - Assessment of undiscovered deposits of gold, silver, copper, lead, and zinc in the United States: A Portable Document (PDF) recompilation of USGS Open-File Report 96-96 and Circular 1178","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":21710,"text":"ofr9696 - 1996 - Data base for a national mineral-resource assessment of undiscovered deposits of gold, silver, copper, lead, and zinc in the conterminous United States","indexId":"ofr9696","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"displayTitle":"Data Base for a National Mineral-Resource Assessment of Undiscovered Deposits of Gold, Silver, Copper, Lead, and Zinc in the Conterminous United States","title":"Data base for a national mineral-resource assessment of undiscovered deposits of gold, silver, copper, lead, and zinc in the conterminous United States"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":39996,"text":"ofr2002198 - 2002 - Assessment of undiscovered deposits of gold, silver, copper, lead, and zinc in the United States: A Portable Document (PDF) recompilation of USGS Open-File Report 96-96 and Circular 1178","indexId":"ofr2002198","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"title":"Assessment of undiscovered deposits of gold, silver, copper, lead, and zinc in the United States: A Portable Document (PDF) recompilation of USGS Open-File Report 96-96 and Circular 1178"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":30775,"text":"cir1178 - 2000 - 1998 Assessment of Undiscovered Deposits of Gold, Silver, Copper, Lead, and Zinc in the United States","indexId":"cir1178","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"title":"1998 Assessment of Undiscovered Deposits of Gold, Silver, Copper, Lead, and Zinc in the United States"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":39996,"text":"ofr2002198 - 2002 - Assessment of undiscovered deposits of gold, silver, copper, lead, and zinc in the United States: A Portable Document (PDF) recompilation of USGS Open-File Report 96-96 and Circular 1178","indexId":"ofr2002198","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"title":"Assessment of undiscovered deposits of gold, silver, copper, lead, and zinc in the United States: A Portable Document (PDF) recompilation of USGS Open-File Report 96-96 and Circular 1178"},"id":2}],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-09T18:23:00.116454","indexId":"ofr2002198","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-198","displayTitle":"Assessment of Undiscovered Deposits of Gold, Silver, Copper, Lead, and Zinc in the United States: A Portable Document (PDF) Recompilation of USGS Open-File Report 96-96 and Circular 1178","title":"Assessment of undiscovered deposits of gold, silver, copper, lead, and zinc in the United States: A Portable Document (PDF) recompilation of USGS Open-File Report 96-96 and Circular 1178","docAbstract":"This publication contains the results of a national mineral resource assessment study. The study (1) identifies regional tracts of ground believed to contain most of the nation's undiscovered resources of gold, silver, copper, lead, and zinc in conventional types of deposits; and (2) includes probabilistic estimates of the amounts of these undiscovered resources in most of the tracts. It also contains a table of the significant known deposits in the tracts, and includes descriptions of the mineral deposit models used for the assessment. \r\n\r\nThe assessment was previously released in two major publications. The conterminous United States assessment was published in 1996 as USGS Open-File Report 96-96. Subsequently, the Alaska assessment was combined with the conterminous assessment in 1998 and released as USGS Circular 1178. \r\n\r\nThis new recompilation was undertaken for several reasons. First, the graphical browser software used in Circular 1178 was ONLY compatible with the Microsoft Windows operating system. It was incompatible with the Macintosh operating system, Linux, and other types of Unix computers. Second, the browser on Circular 1178 is much less intuitive to operate, requiring most users to follow a tutorial to understand how to navigate the information on the CD. Third, this release corrects several errors and numbering inconsistencies in Circular 1178.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr2002198","usgsCitation":"The U.S. Geological Survey National Mineral Resource Assessment Team, 2002, Assessment of undiscovered deposits of gold, silver, copper, lead, and zinc in the United States: A Portable Document (PDF) recompilation of USGS Open-File Report 96-96 and Circular 1178 (Supersedes OFR 96-96 & CIR 1178): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-198, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2002198.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":165694,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402013,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index 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Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-277","title":"Soil chemistry and mineralogy of the Santa Cruz coastal terraces","docAbstract":"Marine terraces in the central coast of California provide an opportunity to study a soil chronosequence in which similar materials (beach deposits) have been weathered under similar slope, climatic, and vegetation conditions during the Quaternary. The terraces between Santa Cruz and Año Nuevo, California, have been studied for decades and are thought to be one of the best example of marine terraces in California {Lawson (1893), Wilson (1907); Branner and others (1909), Rode (1930) Page and Holmes (1945), Alexander (1953), Bradley (1956, 1957, 1958, and 1965), Bradley and Addicott (1968), Clark (1966 and 1970), Jahns and Hamilton (1971), Lajoie and others (1972), Bradley and Griggs (1976). Hanks and others (1986), Aniku (1986), Fine and others (1988), Anderson (1990 and 1994), and Rosenbloom and Anderson (1994).} Here we report morphological, chemical, physical, and mineralogical data for the soils that were formed in deposits on the Santa Cruz marine terraces in order to examine soil characteristics as a function of increasing terrace age.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr02277","usgsCitation":"Pinney, C., Aniku, J., Burke, R., Harden, J., Singer, M., and Munster, J., 2002, Soil chemistry and mineralogy of the Santa Cruz coastal terraces: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-277, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02277.","productDescription":"20 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":153,"text":"California Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":165695,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr02277.jpg"},{"id":3515,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0277/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":283669,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0277/pdf/of02-277.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.1925,36.948 ], [ -122.1925,37.115 ], [ -121.8638,37.115 ], [ -121.8638,36.948 ], [ -122.1925,36.948 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49efe4b07f02db5edd2b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pinney, Colin","contributorId":24275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pinney","given":"Colin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aniku, Jacob","contributorId":108395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aniku","given":"Jacob","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burke, Raymond","contributorId":54884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burke","given":"Raymond","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harden, Jennifer","contributorId":46190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"Jennifer","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Singer, Michael","contributorId":69474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singer","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Munster, Jennie","contributorId":107364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munster","given":"Jennie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":40002,"text":"ofr02312 - 2002 - Water-level data for the Albuquerque Basin and adjacent areas, central New Mexico, period of record through 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:56","indexId":"ofr02312","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-312","title":"Water-level data for the Albuquerque Basin and adjacent areas, central New Mexico, period of record through 2001","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr02312","usgsCitation":"DeWees, R., 2002, Water-level data for the Albuquerque Basin and adjacent areas, central New Mexico, period of record through 2001: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-312, 41p., 4 figures, 1 table (5 p of text), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02312.","productDescription":"41p., 4 figures, 1 table (5 p of text)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":165772,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0312/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":67749,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0312/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e7650","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeWees, R.K.","contributorId":32969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWees","given":"R.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":40003,"text":"ofr02340 - 2002 - Preliminary assessment of streamflow requirements for habitat protection for selected sites on the Assabet and Charles rivers, eastern Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:56","indexId":"ofr02340","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-340","title":"Preliminary assessment of streamflow requirements for habitat protection for selected sites on the Assabet and Charles rivers, eastern Massachusetts","docAbstract":"Streamflow requirements for habitat protection were determined at several critical riffle reaches in the Assabet River and Charles River Basins. The R2Cross and Wetted-Perimeter methods yielded median streamflow requirements of 0.75 cubic feet per second per square mile (ft3/s/mi2) and 0.13 ft3/s/mi2, respectively. Three study reaches are on tributaries to the Assabet River (Danforth Brook, Great Brook, and Elizabeth Brook), two are on the mainstem of the Charles River, and one is on a tributary to the Charles River (Mine Brook). The strength of the R2Cross and Wetted-Perimeter methods is that they may be applied at ungaged locations. \r\n\r\nA Range of Variability Approach analysis was conducted on a common 30-year period of record from 1969 to 1998 for five mostly unaltered flow, streamgaging stations. The discharge range defined by the median R2Cross and Wetted-Perimeter streamflow requirements brackets the interquartile range for the median of monthly-mean flows during the summer low-flow period, as defined by the Range of Variability Approach analysis of five streamgaging stations. The median R2Cross streamflow requirement for the five riffles compares very closely to the median Tennant 40-percent of the mean annual flow requirement for good habitat condition. The median Wetted-Perimeter streamflow requirement compares closely to the median Tennant 10-percent of the mean annual-flow requirement for a poor habitat condition. 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