No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051282","usgsCitation":"Dumouchelle, D., and Stoeckel, D.M., 2005, Preliminary investigations of wastewater-related contaminants near home sewage treatment systems in Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1282, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051282.","productDescription":"43 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":192959,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7539,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1282/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":406009,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_73995.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-82.835118,41.708971],[-82.82572,41.72281],[-82.820409,41.724549],[-82.810487,41.720524],[-82.782719,41.694003],[-82.793069,41.664692],[-82.827011,41.633701],[-82.842099,41.628323],[-82.843602,41.647009],[-82.835118,41.708971]]],[[[-82.700208,41.61219],[-82.691123,41.611331],[-82.68015,41.61897],[-82.677772,41.617986],[-82.680669,41.594611],[-82.686033,41.587246],[-82.702027,41.585437],[-82.735766,41.600982],[-82.735707,41.603361],[-82.718802,41.619629],[-82.70731,41.619609],[-82.703438,41.617734],[-82.700208,41.61219]]],[[[-81.725583,39.215835],[-81.733357,39.205868],[-81.737085,39.193836],[-81.741533,39.189596],[-81.752754,39.184676],[-81.755754,39.180976],[-81.756254,39.177276],[-81.743565,39.141933],[-81.744838,39.130898],[-81.742153,39.116777],[-81.745453,39.098078],[-81.752353,39.089878],[-81.760753,39.084078],[-81.775554,39.078378],[-81.785554,39.078578],[-81.803055,39.083878],[-81.810655,39.083278],[-81.813855,39.079278],[-81.811655,39.059578],[-81.803355,39.047678],[-81.772854,39.026179],[-81.764253,39.015279],[-81.765153,39.002579],[-81.774062,38.993682],[-81.776723,38.985142],[-81.775734,38.980737],[-81.78182,38.964935],[-81.778845,38.955892],[-81.756975,38.937152],[-81.756131,38.933545],[-81.759995,38.925828],[-81.76976,38.92273],[-81.781248,38.924804],[-81.793372,38.930204],[-81.806137,38.942112],[-81.814235,38.946168],[-81.827354,38.945898],[-81.831516,38.943697],[-81.844486,38.928746],[-81.845312,38.910088],[-81.848653,38.901407],[-81.855971,38.892734],[-81.889233,38.874279],[-81.898541,38.874582],[-81.910312,38.879294],[-81.928,38.893492],[-81.926671,38.901311],[-81.90091,38.924338],[-81.89847,38.929603],[-81.900595,38.937671],[-81.933186,38.987659],[-81.941829,38.993295],[-81.951447,38.996032],[-81.967769,38.992955],[-81.979371,38.993193],[-81.982032,38.995697],[-81.987061,39.011978],[-81.994961,39.022478],[-82.002261,39.027878],[-82.017562,39.030078],[-82.035963,39.025478],[-82.041563,39.017878],[-82.045663,39.003778],[-82.051563,38.994378],[-82.091565,38.973778],[-82.094865,38.964578],[-82.109065,38.945579],[-82.111666,38.932579],[-82.128866,38.909979],[-82.143167,38.898079],[-82.145267,38.883479],[-82.139224,38.86502],[-82.144867,38.84048],[-82.16157,38.824632],[-82.179478,38.817376],[-82.191172,38.815137],[-82.20929,38.802672],[-82.217269,38.79568],[-82.221566,38.787187],[-82.220449,38.773739],[-82.216614,38.76835],[-82.198882,38.757725],[-82.195606,38.752441],[-82.193268,38.741182],[-82.188268,38.734082],[-82.182467,38.708782],[-82.190167,38.687382],[-82.190867,38.680383],[-82.186067,38.666783],[-82.185567,38.659583],[-82.179067,38.648883],[-82.172667,38.629684],[-82.172066,38.619284],[-82.177267,38.603784],[-82.188767,38.594984],[-82.205171,38.591719],[-82.222168,38.591384],[-82.245969,38.598483],[-82.26207,38.598183],[-82.27427,38.593683],[-82.291271,38.578983],[-82.293871,38.572683],[-82.293271,38.560283],[-82.295671,38.538483],[-82.303971,38.517683],[-82.304223,38.496308],[-82.310639,38.483172],[-82.318111,38.457876],[-82.323999,38.449268],[-82.330335,38.4445],[-82.34064,38.440948],[-82.381773,38.434783],[-82.389746,38.434355],[-82.404882,38.439347],[-82.529579,38.405182],[-82.549799,38.403202],[-82.569368,38.406258],[-82.588249,38.415489],[-82.596921,38.426705],[-82.600761,38.437425],[-82.604089,38.459841],[-82.610458,38.471457],[-82.618474,38.477089],[-82.637707,38.484449],[-82.657051,38.496816],[-82.675724,38.515504],[-82.689965,38.53592],[-82.700045,38.544336],[-82.730958,38.559264],[-82.763695,38.560399],[-82.779472,38.559023],[-82.800112,38.563183],[-82.820161,38.572703],[-82.844306,38.590862],[-82.854291,38.613454],[-82.856791,38.632878],[-82.856291,38.646078],[-82.859391,38.660378],[-82.863291,38.669277],[-82.874892,38.682827],[-82.877592,38.690177],[-82.870392,38.722077],[-82.871292,38.739376],[-82.879492,38.751476],[-82.889193,38.756076],[-82.894193,38.756576],[-82.923694,38.750076],[-82.943147,38.74328],[-82.968695,38.728776],[-82.979395,38.725976],[-83.011816,38.730057],[-83.030702,38.72572],[-83.053104,38.695831],[-83.064319,38.688976],[-83.084226,38.68109],[-83.102746,38.677316],[-83.112372,38.671685],[-83.122547,38.6592],[-83.128973,38.640231],[-83.135046,38.631719],[-83.142836,38.625076],[-83.156926,38.620547],[-83.202453,38.616956],[-83.211027,38.618578],[-83.232404,38.627569],[-83.245572,38.627936],[-83.254558,38.623403],[-83.264011,38.621535],[-83.26851,38.615104],[-83.286514,38.599241],[-83.294193,38.596588],[-83.307832,38.600824],[-83.317542,38.609242],[-83.322383,38.630615],[-83.327636,38.637489],[-83.356445,38.654009],[-83.384755,38.663171],[-83.420194,38.668428],[-83.446989,38.670143],[-83.468059,38.67547],[-83.493342,38.694187],[-83.504365,38.699256],[-83.520953,38.703045],[-83.533339,38.702105],[-83.569098,38.692842],[-83.615736,38.684145],[-83.626922,38.679387],[-83.636208,38.670584],[-83.642994,38.643273],[-83.649737,38.632753],[-83.663911,38.62793],[-83.679484,38.630036],[-83.704006,38.639724],[-83.713405,38.641591],[-83.720779,38.646704],[-83.74992,38.649613],[-83.769347,38.65522],[-83.775761,38.666748],[-83.78362,38.695641],[-83.787113,38.699489],[-83.798549,38.704668],[-83.821854,38.709575],[-83.836696,38.717857],[-83.841689,38.724264],[-83.846207,38.74229],[-83.852085,38.751433],[-83.859028,38.756793],[-83.873168,38.762418],[-83.926986,38.771562],[-83.928454,38.774583],[-83.943978,38.783616],[-83.962123,38.787384],[-83.978814,38.787104],[-84.044486,38.770572],[-84.071491,38.770475],[-84.108836,38.779247],[-84.135088,38.789485],[-84.155912,38.794909],[-84.198358,38.80092],[-84.212904,38.805707],[-84.2253,38.817665],[-84.231306,38.830552],[-84.233727,38.853576],[-84.232132,38.880483],[-84.234453,38.893226],[-84.25701,38.923208],[-84.279916,38.945168],[-84.288164,38.955789],[-84.295076,38.968295],[-84.297255,38.989694],[-84.304698,39.006455],[-84.31368,39.016981],[-84.326539,39.027463],[-84.346039,39.036963],[-84.360439,39.041362],[-84.38684,39.045162],[-84.406941,39.045662],[-84.42573,39.053059],[-84.429841,39.058262],[-84.432341,39.067561],[-84.432941,39.083961],[-84.434641,39.086861],[-84.432841,39.094261],[-84.435541,39.102261],[-84.445242,39.114461],[-84.455342,39.12036],[-84.470542,39.12146],[-84.476243,39.11916],[-84.487743,39.11076],[-84.496543,39.10026],[-84.509743,39.09366],[-84.524644,39.09216],[-84.541344,39.09916],[-84.550844,39.09936],[-84.572144,39.08206],[-84.607928,39.073238],[-84.620112,39.073457],[-84.632446,39.07676],[-84.657246,39.09546],[-84.684847,39.100459],[-84.718548,39.137059],[-84.732048,39.144458],[-84.744149,39.147458],[-84.754449,39.146658],[-84.766749,39.138558],[-84.78768,39.115297],[-84.820157,39.10548],[-84.819451,39.305152],[-84.814955,39.566251],[-84.814179,39.814212],[-84.803918,40.310094],[-84.804504,40.411555],[-84.802547,40.50181],[-84.803919,41.435531],[-84.806082,41.696089],[-84.360546,41.706621],[-83.453832,41.732647],[-83.455626,41.727445],[-83.446032,41.706847],[-83.409531,41.691247],[-83.39263,41.691947],[-83.37573,41.686647],[-83.357073,41.687763],[-83.341817,41.693518],[-83.337985,41.698682],[-83.337977,41.70341],[-83.326825,41.701562],[-83.293928,41.680846],[-83.29068,41.676794],[-83.238191,41.651167],[-83.23166,41.644218],[-83.194524,41.631008],[-83.145887,41.617904],[-83.103928,41.613558],[-83.086036,41.60668],[-83.066593,41.59534],[-83.043287,41.568205],[-83.028072,41.555656],[-82.999916,41.538534],[-82.96985,41.524327],[-82.934369,41.514353],[-82.897728,41.519241],[-82.875229,41.529684],[-82.85677,41.548262],[-82.855197,41.564114],[-82.859531,41.576371],[-82.852957,41.583327],[-82.834101,41.587587],[-82.820207,41.570664],[-82.794324,41.546486],[-82.785496,41.540675],[-82.77201,41.54058],[-82.749907,41.54647],[-82.717878,41.54193],[-82.711332,41.53695],[-82.711632,41.527201],[-82.721914,41.516677],[-82.713904,41.501697],[-82.710013,41.49759],[-82.687921,41.492324],[-82.658302,41.461878],[-82.617745,41.431833],[-82.616952,41.428425],[-82.55808,41.400005],[-82.513827,41.384257],[-82.499099,41.381541],[-82.481214,41.381342],[-82.460599,41.386316],[-82.431315,41.396866],[-82.398086,41.413945],[-82.361784,41.426644],[-82.334182,41.430243],[-82.29158,41.428442],[-82.268479,41.430842],[-82.254678,41.434441],[-82.193375,41.46454],[-82.184774,41.47404],[-82.181598,41.471634],[-82.165373,41.47444],[-82.094169,41.495039],[-82.011966,41.515639],[-81.994565,41.51444],[-81.964912,41.505446],[-81.958463,41.498642],[-81.937862,41.491443],[-81.87736,41.483445],[-81.860262,41.483841],[-81.810992,41.495592],[-81.794449,41.49663],[-81.782258,41.49605],[-81.744755,41.48715],[-81.738755,41.48855],[-81.710986,41.501734],[-81.664884,41.53143],[-81.633652,41.540458],[-81.599747,41.560649],[-81.529955,41.614374],[-81.50044,41.623448],[-81.48864,41.631348],[-81.466038,41.649148],[-81.441339,41.674074],[-81.353229,41.727743],[-81.301626,41.750543],[-81.286925,41.760243],[-81.264224,41.758143],[-81.248672,41.761291],[-81.112885,41.817571],[-81.092716,41.822988],[-81.05192,41.839557],[-81.024525,41.846469],[-81.01049,41.853962],[-80.936244,41.862352],[-80.900342,41.868912],[-80.814943,41.897694],[-80.799822,41.909749],[-80.784682,41.911525],[-80.782052,41.906635],[-80.757945,41.913352],[-80.720816,41.919744],[-80.581882,41.95761],[-80.519461,41.977513],[-80.518991,40.638801],[-80.551126,40.628847],[-80.56784,40.617552],[-80.576736,40.614224],[-80.583633,40.61552],[-80.592049,40.622496],[-80.598764,40.625263],[-80.627171,40.619936],[-80.634355,40.616095],[-80.651716,40.597744],[-80.662564,40.5916],[-80.667957,40.582496],[-80.666917,40.573664],[-80.652436,40.562544],[-80.633107,40.538705],[-80.627507,40.535793],[-80.618003,40.502049],[-80.609058,40.489506],[-80.599194,40.482566],[-80.595494,40.475266],[-80.596094,40.463366],[-80.612295,40.434867],[-80.612195,40.402667],[-80.615195,40.399867],[-80.632196,40.393667],[-80.633596,40.390467],[-80.631596,40.385468],[-80.619196,40.381768],[-80.609695,40.374968],[-80.607595,40.369568],[-80.612796,40.347668],[-80.610796,40.340868],[-80.602895,40.327869],[-80.599895,40.317669],[-80.602895,40.307069],[-80.614896,40.291969],[-80.616796,40.285269],[-80.616196,40.27227],[-80.619297,40.26517],[-80.622497,40.26177],[-80.644598,40.25127],[-80.652098,40.24497],[-80.661543,40.229798],[-80.6681,40.199671],[-80.6726,40.192371],[-80.686137,40.181607],[-80.704602,40.154823],[-80.710042,40.138311],[-80.710554,40.125271],[-80.706702,40.110872],[-80.709102,40.101472],[-80.713003,40.096872],[-80.730704,40.086472],[-80.738604,40.075672],[-80.737104,40.064972],[-80.733104,40.058772],[-80.730904,40.046672],[-80.731504,40.037472],[-80.737389,40.027593],[-80.741901,40.007929],[-80.738717,39.985113],[-80.740126,39.970793],[-80.758527,39.959241],[-80.764479,39.95025],[-80.761312,39.929098],[-80.756784,39.920586],[-80.756432,39.91393],[-80.759296,39.909466],[-80.762592,39.908906],[-80.772641,39.911306],[-80.782849,39.917162],[-80.795714,39.91969],[-80.806018,39.91713],[-80.809283,39.910314],[-80.809011,39.903226],[-80.802339,39.89161],[-80.793989,39.882787],[-80.790156,39.872252],[-80.790761,39.86728],[-80.799898,39.858912],[-80.821279,39.849982],[-80.826124,39.844238],[-80.826228,39.835802],[-80.82248,39.824971],[-80.822181,39.811708],[-80.826079,39.798584],[-80.835311,39.79069],[-80.863048,39.775197],[-80.869092,39.766364],[-80.869933,39.763555],[-80.865339,39.753251],[-80.854717,39.742592],[-80.846091,39.737812],[-80.831551,39.719475],[-80.829764,39.711839],[-80.831871,39.705655],[-80.839112,39.701033],[-80.854599,39.697473],[-80.863698,39.691724],[-80.86633,39.683167],[-80.866647,39.652616],[-80.876002,39.627084],[-80.88036,39.620706],[-80.892208,39.616756],[-80.91762,39.618703],[-80.925841,39.617396],[-80.936906,39.612616],[-80.970436,39.590127],[-80.993695,39.571253],[-81.020055,39.55541],[-81.030169,39.545211],[-81.044902,39.5363],[-81.070594,39.515991],[-81.100833,39.487175],[-81.114433,39.466275],[-81.132534,39.446275],[-81.138134,39.443775],[-81.152534,39.443175],[-81.170634,39.439175],[-81.185946,39.430731],[-81.190714,39.423562],[-81.208231,39.407147],[-81.211433,39.402031],[-81.211654,39.392977],[-81.217315,39.38759],[-81.223581,39.386062],[-81.24184,39.390276],[-81.270716,39.385914],[-81.281405,39.379258],[-81.297517,39.374378],[-81.347567,39.34577],[-81.375961,39.341697],[-81.384556,39.343449],[-81.393794,39.351706],[-81.406689,39.38809],[-81.412706,39.394618],[-81.435642,39.408474],[-81.446543,39.410374],[-81.456143,39.409274],[-81.473188,39.40017],[-81.489044,39.384074],[-81.503189,39.373242],[-81.542346,39.352874],[-81.557547,39.338774],[-81.565047,39.293874],[-81.565247,39.276175],[-81.570247,39.267675],[-81.585559,39.268747],[-81.59516,39.273387],[-81.608408,39.276043],[-81.621305,39.273643],[-81.656138,39.277355],[-81.678331,39.273755],[-81.689483,39.266043],[-81.69638,39.257035],[-81.696636,39.246123],[-81.691067,39.230139],[-81.692395,39.226443],[-81.700908,39.220844],[-81.725583,39.215835]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Ohio\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66da07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dumouchelle, D.H.","contributorId":83144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumouchelle","given":"D.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stoeckel, D. M.","contributorId":84855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoeckel","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":72483,"text":"sir20055210 - 2005 - Water, ice, and meteorological measurements at South Cascade glacier, Washington, balance year 2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:59","indexId":"sir20055210","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-5210","title":"Water, ice, and meteorological measurements at South Cascade glacier, Washington, balance year 2003","docAbstract":"Winter snow accumulation and summer snow and ice ablation were measured at South Cascade Glacier, Washington, to estimate glacier mass-balance quantities for balance year 2003. The 2003 glacier-average maximum winter snow balance was 2.66 meters water equivalent, which was about equal to the average of such balances for the glacier since balance year 1959. The 2003 glacier summer balance (-4.76 meters water equivalent) was the most negative reported for the glacier, and the 2003 net balance (-2.10 meters water equivalent), was the second-most negative reported. The glacier 2003 annual (water year) balance was -1.89 meters water equivalent. \r\n\r\nThe area of the glacier near the end of the balance year was 1.89 square kilometers, a decrease of 0.03 square kilometer from the previous year. The equilibrium-line altitude was higher than any part of the glacier; however, because snow remained along part of one side of the upper glacier, the accumulation-area ratio was 0.07. During September 13, 2002-September 13, 2003, the glacier terminus retreated at a rate of about 15 meters per year. Average speed of surface ice, computed using a series of vertical aerial photographs dating back to 2001, ranged from 2.2 to 21.8 meters per year. \r\n\r\nRunoff from the subbasin containing the glacier and from an adjacent non-glacierized basin was gaged during part of water year 2003. Air temperature, precipitation, atmospheric water-vapor pressure, wind speed, and incoming solar radiation were measured at selected locations on and near the glacier. Summer 2003 at the glacier was among the warmest for which data are available.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20055210","usgsCitation":"Bidlake, W.R., Josberger, E.G., and Savoca, M.E., 2005, Water, ice, and meteorological measurements at South Cascade glacier, Washington, balance year 2003: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5210, 60 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20055210.","productDescription":"60 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":192960,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7540,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5210/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e478ee4b07f02db489b05","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bidlake, William R. wbidlake@usgs.gov","contributorId":1712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bidlake","given":"William","email":"wbidlake@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":285725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Josberger, Edward G. ejosberg@usgs.gov","contributorId":1710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Josberger","given":"Edward","email":"ejosberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":285724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Savoca, Mark E. mesavoca@usgs.gov","contributorId":1961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savoca","given":"Mark","email":"mesavoca@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":285726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":72478,"text":"ofr20051336 - 2005 - Known or suggested Quaternary tectonic faulting, central and eastern United States-new and updated assessments for 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:57","indexId":"ofr20051336","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1336","title":"Known or suggested Quaternary tectonic faulting, central and eastern United States-new and updated assessments for 2005","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051336","usgsCitation":"Wheeler, R.L., 2005, Known or suggested Quaternary tectonic faulting, central and eastern United States-new and updated assessments for 2005 (Online only, Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1336, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051336.","productDescription":"40 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":191205,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7536,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1336/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Online only, Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4778","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wheeler, Russell L. wheeler@usgs.gov","contributorId":858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"Russell","email":"wheeler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70238383,"text":"70238383 - 2005 - Implications for prediction and hazard assessment from the 2004 Parkfield earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-18T18:18:55.697023","indexId":"70238383","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-13T11:50:53","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Implications for prediction and hazard assessment from the 2004 Parkfield earthquake","docAbstract":"Obtaining high-quality measurements close to a large earthquake is not easy: one has to be in the right place at the right time with the right instruments. Such a convergence happened, for the first time, when the 28 September 2004 Parkfield, California, earthquake occurred on the San Andreas fault in the middle of a dense network of instruments designed to record it. The resulting data reveal aspects of the earthquake process never before seen. Here we show what these data, when combined with data from earlier Parkfield earthquakes, tell us about earthquake physics and earthquake prediction. The 2004 Parkfield earthquake, with its lack of obvious precursors, demonstrates that reliable short-term earthquake prediction still is not achievable. To reduce the societal impact of earthquakes now, we should focus on developing the next generation of models that can provide better predictions of the strength and location of damaging ground shaking.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1038/nature04067","usgsCitation":"Bakun, W.H., Aagaard, B.T., Dost, B., Ellsworth, W.L., Hardebeck, J.L., Harris, R.A., Ji, C., Johnston, M.J., Langbein, J.O., Lienkaemper, J.J., Michael, A.J., Murray, J.R., Nadeau, R., Reasenberg, P., Reichle, M., Roeloffs, E.A., Shakal, A., Simpson, R.W., and Waldhauser, F., 2005, Implications for prediction and hazard assessment from the 2004 Parkfield earthquake: Nature, v. 437, p. 969-974, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04067.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"969","endPage":"974","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477643,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150403-080028282","text":"External Repository"},{"id":409458,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Parkfield","otherGeospatial":"San Andreas Fault","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.4537640117938,\n 35.910700976762385\n ],\n [\n -120.4537640117938,\n 35.88567088811958\n ],\n [\n -120.41342358821001,\n 35.88567088811958\n ],\n [\n -120.41342358821001,\n 35.910700976762385\n ],\n [\n -120.4537640117938,\n 35.910700976762385\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"437","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bakun, W. H.","contributorId":67055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bakun","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":857297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aagaard, Brad T. 0000-0002-8795-9833 baagaard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8795-9833","contributorId":192869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aagaard","given":"Brad","email":"baagaard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":857298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dost, B.","contributorId":299207,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dost","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16158,"text":"Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":857299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ellsworth, William L. ellsworth@usgs.gov","contributorId":787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellsworth","given":"William","email":"ellsworth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":857300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hardebeck, Jeanne L. 0000-0002-6737-7780 jhardebeck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6737-7780","contributorId":841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardebeck","given":"Jeanne","email":"jhardebeck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":857301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Harris, Ruth A. 0000-0002-9247-0768 harris@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9247-0768","contributorId":786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Ruth","email":"harris@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":857302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ji, C.","contributorId":31093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ji","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":857303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Johnston, Malcolm J. S. 0000-0003-4326-8368 mal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4326-8368","contributorId":622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"Malcolm","email":"mal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":857304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Langbein, John O. 0000-0002-7821-8101 langbein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7821-8101","contributorId":3293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langbein","given":"John","email":"langbein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":857305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Lienkaemper, James J. 0000-0002-7578-7042 jlienk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7578-7042","contributorId":1941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lienkaemper","given":"James","email":"jlienk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":857306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Michael, Andrew J. 0000-0002-2403-5019 michael@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2403-5019","contributorId":1280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"Andrew","email":"michael@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":857307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Murray, Jessica R. 0000-0002-6144-1681 jrmurray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6144-1681","contributorId":2759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"Jessica","email":"jrmurray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":857308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Nadeau, R.M.","contributorId":93268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nadeau","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":857309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Reasenberg, P.A.","contributorId":19959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reasenberg","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":857310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Reichle, M.S.","contributorId":14845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reichle","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":857311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Roeloffs, Evelyn A. 0000-0002-4761-0469 evelynr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4761-0469","contributorId":2680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roeloffs","given":"Evelyn","email":"evelynr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":857312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Shakal, A.","contributorId":20934,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shakal","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12640,"text":"California Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":857313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Simpson, Robert W. simpson@usgs.gov","contributorId":1053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simpson","given":"Robert","email":"simpson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":857314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Waldhauser, F.","contributorId":31897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldhauser","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":857315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}} ,{"id":72470,"text":"sim2841 - 2005 - Geologic map of the Stafford quadrangle, Stafford County, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-14T18:57:29.415324","indexId":"sim2841","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2841","title":"Geologic map of the Stafford quadrangle, Stafford County, Virginia","docAbstract":"Introduction\r\n\r\nThe Stafford 7.5-minute quadrangle, comprising approximately 55 square miles (142.5 square kilometers) of northeastern Virginia, is about 40 miles (mi) south of Washington, D.C. The region's main north-south transportation corridor, which connects Washington, D.C., and Richmond, Va., consists of Interstate 95, U.S. Highway 1, and the heavily used CSX and Amtrak railroads. Although the northern and eastern parts of the Stafford quadrangle have undergone extensive suburban development, the remainder of the area is still dominantly rural in character. The town of Stafford is the county seat.\r\n\r\nThe Stafford 7.5-minute quadrangle is located in the Fredericksburg 30'x60' quadrangle, where information on the regional stratigraphy and structure is available from Mixon and others' (2000) geologic map and multichapter explanatory text. In addition to straddling the 'Fall Zone' boundary between the Appalachian Piedmont and the Atlantic Coastal Plain provinces, this quadrangle contains the best preserved and best studied segment of the Stafford fault system, an important example of late Cenozoic faulting in eastern North America (Mixon and Newell, 1977). This 1:24,000-scale geologic map provides a detailed framework for interpreting and integrating topical studies of that fault system.\r\n\r\nOur geologic map integrates more than two decades of intermittent geologic mapping and related investigations by the authors in this part of the Virginia Coastal Plain. Earlier mapping in the Piedmont by Pavlides (1995) has been revised by additional detailed mapping in selected areas, particularly near Abel Lake and Smith Lake, and by field evaluation of selected contact relations.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim2841","usgsCitation":"Mixon, R.B., Pavlides, L., Horton, J., Powars, D.S., and Schindler, J.S., 2005, Geologic map of the Stafford quadrangle, Stafford County, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2841, 1 Plate: 57.00 x 34.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2841.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 57.00 x 34.00 inches","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191017,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":110724,"rank":700,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_81183.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"81183"},{"id":398745,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_81183.htm"},{"id":9491,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2005/2841/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Virginia","county":"Stafford County","otherGeospatial":"Stafford quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.5,\n 38.375\n ],\n [\n -77.375,\n 38.375\n ],\n [\n -77.375,\n 38.5\n ],\n [\n -77.5,\n 38.5\n ],\n [\n -77.5,\n 38.375\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a841f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mixon, Robert B.","contributorId":50517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mixon","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pavlides, Louis","contributorId":79444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavlides","given":"Louis","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":285709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Horton, J. Wright Jr. 0000-0001-6756-6365 whorton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6756-6365","contributorId":423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"J. Wright","suffix":"Jr.","email":"whorton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":285705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Powars, David S. 0000-0002-6787-8964 dspowars@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6787-8964","contributorId":1181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powars","given":"David","email":"dspowars@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":285706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schindler, J. Stephen 0000-0001-9550-5957 sschindl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9550-5957","contributorId":3270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schindler","given":"J.","email":"sschindl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Stephen","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":285707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":72469,"text":"gip19 - 2005 - Living with a volcano in your backyard: An educator's guide with emphasis on Mount Rainier","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-01T11:33:41","indexId":"gip19","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":315,"text":"General Information Product","code":"GIP","onlineIssn":"2332-354X","printIssn":"2332-3531","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"19","title":"Living with a volcano in your backyard: An educator's guide with emphasis on Mount Rainier","docAbstract":"Today’s residents, as well as residents of centuries past, consider Mount Rainier “the spiritual and cultural icon of the Pacific Northwest.” As a backdrop for many of the State’s residents, Mount Rainier offers beauty, solace, inspiration, and challenge. The mountain sets the daily mood for thousands of people who gaze at and respect it. There is no mistaking this object of admiration when people smile and remark that, “the mountain is out!”
\n\n
Yet, the origin of Mount Rainier, formed by volcanic processes and now heavily laden with snow and ice, remains an enigma to many admirers. During the 1980s, volcanologists from around the world voted Mount Rainier as one of 17 volcanoes most worthy of additional study because of the hazard potential to large population centers nearby. Subsequent research indicates that Mount Rainier, though quiet since the nineteenth century, is very much an “active volcano” with potential to erupt again and disrupt the life of Pacific Northwest residents. Following days to months or more of warning, Mount Rainier could erupt lava and ash and melt snow and ice to form lahars (volcanic mudflows). Or, Mount Rainier could simply warm up briefly, jolt us from our apathy, and then return to slumber for many more years.
\n\n
Until such time, the mountain is ours to explore. Living with a Volcano in Your Backyard—An Educator’s Guide with Emphasis on Mount Rainier invites educators and their students to learn what scientists are discovering about Mount Rainier’s past, to explore its slopes during this period of quiescence, and to plan future responses to volcanic unrest. Mount Rainier National Park is a unique classroom, rich in resources for observing geologic change. The park staff encourages safe and knowledgeable use by educators and students and their families.
\n\n
The National Park Service and the U.S. Geological Survey’s Volcano Hazards Program (USGS-VHP) support development and publication of this educator’s guide as part of their mission to educate the public about volcanoes. The USGS-VHP studies the dynamics of volcanoes, investigates eruption histories, develops hazard assessments, monitors volcano-related activity, and collaborates with local officials to lower the risk of disruption when volcanoes become restless.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/gip19","usgsCitation":"Driedger, C.L., Doherty, A., Dixon, C., and Faust, L.M., 2005, Living with a volcano in your backyard: An educator's guide with emphasis on Mount Rainier (Originally posted 2005; Version 2.0: December 10, 2014): U.S. Geological Survey General Information Product 19, iii, 722 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/gip19.","productDescription":"iii, 722 p.","numberOfPages":"729","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296587,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/19/downloads/gip19.pdf","size":"43.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":296588,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/gip19.gif"},{"id":296586,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/19/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount Rainier","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.91940307617188,\n 46.67394106549699\n ],\n [\n -121.453857421875,\n 46.67394106549699\n ],\n [\n -121.453857421875,\n 46.98587362966405\n ],\n [\n -121.91940307617188,\n 46.98587362966405\n ],\n [\n -121.91940307617188,\n 46.67394106549699\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Originally posted 2005; Version 2.0: December 10, 2014","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a68e4b07f02db63b124","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Driedger, Carolyn L. 0000-0002-4011-4112 driedger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4011-4112","contributorId":537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Driedger","given":"Carolyn","email":"driedger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":285702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doherty, Anne","contributorId":23238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doherty","given":"Anne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dixon, Cheryl","contributorId":91948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dixon","given":"Cheryl","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Faust, Lisa M. 0000-0001-6175-8999 lisaf@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6175-8999","contributorId":5131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faust","given":"Lisa","email":"lisaf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":526926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":72466,"text":"fs20053047 - 2005 - USGS activities in the Lake Tahoe Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:01","indexId":"fs20053047","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-3047","title":"USGS activities in the Lake Tahoe Basin","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs20053047","usgsCitation":"Rowe, T.G., Halsing, D., Raines, G.L., Thacker, A.M., and Watermolen, S.C., 2005, USGS activities in the Lake Tahoe Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2005-3047, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20053047.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":7495,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/fs20053047/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":120888,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2005_3047.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db61107c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rowe, Timothy G.","contributorId":8455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowe","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Halsing, David","contributorId":75587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halsing","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Raines, Gary L.","contributorId":48162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raines","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thacker, Angelia M.","contributorId":96368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thacker","given":"Angelia","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Watermolen, Shannon C. scwaterm@usgs.gov","contributorId":3239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watermolen","given":"Shannon","email":"scwaterm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":285697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":72465,"text":"ds137 - 2005 - Geologic map of the Wenatchee 1:100,000 quadrangle, central Washington: A digital database","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-11T19:32:27.803531","indexId":"ds137","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"137","title":"Geologic map of the Wenatchee 1:100,000 quadrangle, central Washington: A digital database","docAbstract":"This digital map database has been prepared by R.W. Tabor from the published Geologic map of the Wenatchee 1:100,000 Quadrangle, Central Washington. Together with the accompanying text files as PDF, it provides information on the geologic structure and stratigraphy of the area covered. The database delineates map units that are identified by general age and lithology following the stratigraphic nomenclature of the U.S. Geological Survey. The authors mapped most of the bedrock geology at 1:100,000 scale, but compiled Quaternary units at 1:24,000 scale. The Quaternary contacts and structural data have been much simplified for the 1:100,000-scale map and database. The spatial resolution (scale) of the database is 1:100,000 or smaller. \r\n\r\nThis database depicts the distribution of geologic materials and structures at a regional (1:100,000) scale. The report is intended to provide geologic information for the regional study of materials properties, earthquake shaking, landslide potential, mineral hazards, seismic velocity, and earthquake faults. In addition, the report contains information and interpretations about the regional geologic history and framework. However, the regional scale of this report does not provide sufficient detail for site development purposes.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds137","usgsCitation":"Tabor, R.W., Waitt, R., Frizzell, V.A., Swanson, D.A., Byerly, G.R., and Bentley, R.D., 2005, Geologic map of the Wenatchee 1:100,000 quadrangle, central Washington: A digital database (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 137, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds137.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":193165,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":403430,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_73770.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":7494,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/137/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Wenatchee quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121,\n 47\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 47\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 47.5\n ],\n [\n -121,\n 47.5\n ],\n [\n -121,\n 47\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a80ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tabor, R. W.","contributorId":16002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tabor","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waitt, R. B.","contributorId":78766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waitt","given":"R. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Frizzell, V. A. Jr.","contributorId":39376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frizzell","given":"V.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Swanson, D. A.","contributorId":34102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Byerly, G. R.","contributorId":6826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byerly","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bentley, R. D.","contributorId":85561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bentley","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70205941,"text":"70205941 - 2005 - Late Devonian Alamo Impact, southern Nevada, USA: Evidence of size, marine site, and widespread effects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-26T12:41:46.564191","indexId":"70205941","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-10T14:42:23","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Devonian Alamo Impact, southern Nevada, USA: Evidence of size, marine site, and widespread effects","docAbstract":"The early Late Devonian (early Frasnian) Alamo Impact targeted an oceanic, off-platform site in southern Nevada, excavating a crater with a final diameter of 44–65 km. The original crater is now dismembered and buried beneath younger rocks. Consequently, its size and site must be deduced through multiple converging lines of geological and paleontological evidence. Previous and new evidence includes the catastrophically emplaced Alamo Breccia, tsunamites, shock-metamorphosed quartz grains, carbonate accretionary lapilli, an iridium anomaly, sub-Breccia clastic injection, deep-water Breccia channels, and ejecta material. We now demonstrate, on the basis of conodont microfossils in carbonate ejecta clasts within lapillistone blocks and widely distributed shocked-quartz and lithic-clast ejecta within the upper part of the Breccia, that the Alamo Impact excavated down at least into Upper Cambrian strata, at a depth of 1.7 km, and possibly into the underlying Proterozoic–Lower Cambrian Prospect Mountain Quartzite, ∼2.5 km beneath the Late Devonian seafloor. Distal tsunamites and probable ejecta are now documented as far north as Devils Gate, northern Nevada, and as far northeast as the Confusion Range, western Utah. A charcoal-bearing, early Frasnian estuarine deposit in the Bighorn Mountains, Wyoming, may provide the first evidence of an Alamo Impact fallout-generated forest fire. Our new data further document the widespread effects and size of the Alamo Impact, and constrain the likely present position of the tectonically transported crater to an area between the Timpahute and Hot Creek Ranges, southern Nevada.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0-8137-2384-1.259","usgsCitation":"Morrow, J.R., Sandberg, C., and Harris, A.G., 2005, Late Devonian Alamo Impact, southern Nevada, USA: Evidence of size, marine site, and widespread effects: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, p. 259-280, https://doi.org/10.1130/0-8137-2384-1.259.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"259","endPage":"280","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368244,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.257080078125,\n 37.1165261849112\n ],\n [\n -114.63134765625001,\n 37.1165261849112\n ],\n [\n -114.63134765625001,\n 40.12849105685408\n ],\n [\n -117.257080078125,\n 40.12849105685408\n ],\n [\n -117.257080078125,\n 37.1165261849112\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morrow, Jared R.","contributorId":65934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrow","given":"Jared","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":772998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sandberg, Charles sandberg@usgs.gov","contributorId":199124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandberg","given":"Charles","email":"sandberg@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harris, Anita G.","contributorId":50162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Anita","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":773000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":72435,"text":"sir20055079 - 2005 - Feasibility of using benthic invertebrates as indicators of stream quality in Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:55","indexId":"sir20055079","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-5079","title":"Feasibility of using benthic invertebrates as indicators of stream quality in Hawaii","docAbstract":"Macroinvertebrates were collected from 19 sites on 14 streams on the island of Oahu and from 9 sites on 7 streams on the island of Kauai to evaluate associations between macroinvertebrate assemblages and environmental variables and to determine whether or not it would be feasible, in future studies, to develop macroinvertebrate metrics that would indicate stream quality based on the macroinvertebrate assemblages and/or components of the assemblages. The purpose of applying rapid bioassessment techniques is to identify stream quality problems and to document changes in stream quality. Samples were collected at 10 sites in 1999, 3 sites in 2000, and 5 sites in 2003 on Oahu and at 9 sites on Kauai in 2003. Additionally, multiple year and multiple reach samples were collected at 1 site on Oahu. Macroinvertebrates were collected primarily from boulder/cobble riffles or from the fastest flowing habitat when riffles were absent. Although most streams in Hawaii originate in mountainous, forested areas, the lower reaches often drain urban, agricultural, or mixed land-use areas. The macroinvertebrate community data were used to identify metrics that could best differentiate between sites according to levels of environmental impairment. Environmental assessments were conducted using land-use/land-cover data, bed-sediment and fish-tissue contaminant data, and reach-level environmental data using a calibration set of 15 sites. The final scores of the environmental assessments were used to classify the sites into three categories of impairment: mild, moderate or severe. A number of invertebrate metrics were then tested and calibrated to the environmental assessments scores. The individual metrics that were the best at discerning environmental assessments among the sites were combined into a multimetric benthic index of biotic integrity (BIBI). These metrics were: total invertebrate abundance, taxa richness, insect relative abundance, amphipod abundance, crayfish presence or absence, and native mountain shrimp presence or absence. Because this index is in the preliminary stage of development and additional 'pristine' sites need to be sampled and assessed to develop a more robust measure of biotic integrity, the index will be referred to as a Preliminary Hawaiian Benthic Index of Biotic Integrity (P-HBIBI). The P-HBIBI scores were then classified into three categories of impairment: mild, moderate, or severe. The P-HBIBI was then used to assess the remaining sites and classify them into impairment categories. The P-HBIBI was correlated (r2 = 0.72; p < 0.005) with a reduced environmental assessment determined without contaminants data. The results of this study suggest that the development of a reliable Hawaiian benthic index of biotic integrity (HBIBI), based on macroinvertebrate assemblages, is feasible; however, a much larger sample size, including more samples from 'pristine' sites and from the other islands, would be required.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20055079","usgsCitation":"Wolff, R.H., 2005, Feasibility of using benthic invertebrates as indicators of stream quality in Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5079, viii, 78 p. : ill., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20055079.","productDescription":"viii, 78 p. : ill.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":191878,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7456,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5079/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4823e4b07f02db4e2402","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolff, Reuben H.","contributorId":35020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolff","given":"Reuben","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":72436,"text":"ofr20051053 - 2005 - Water-quality data from two agricultural drainage basins in northwestern Indiana and northeastern Illinois: II. diel data, 1999-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-15T22:13:30.672116","indexId":"ofr20051053","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1053","title":"Water-quality data from two agricultural drainage basins in northwestern Indiana and northeastern Illinois: II. diel data, 1999-2001","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051053","usgsCitation":"Antweiler, R.C., Smith, R.L., Voytek, M.A., and Bohlke, J., 2005, Water-quality data from two agricultural drainage basins in northwestern Indiana and northeastern Illinois: II. diel data, 1999-2001: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1053, 124 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051053.","productDescription":"124 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191933,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":382243,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1053/"},{"id":382171,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1053/pdf/OFR%2020051053.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana, Illinois","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.5,40.666666666666664 ], [ -87.5,40.833333333333336 ], [ -87.41666666666667,40.833333333333336 ], [ -87.41666666666667,40.666666666666664 ], [ -87.5,40.666666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e57c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Antweiler, Ronald C. 0000-0001-5652-6034 antweil@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5652-6034","contributorId":1481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Antweiler","given":"Ronald","email":"antweil@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":285648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Richard L. 0000-0002-3829-0125 rlsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3829-0125","contributorId":1592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"rlsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":285649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Voytek, Mary A.","contributorId":91943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voytek","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bohlke, John Karl 0000-0001-5693-6455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":66293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"John Karl","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":72434,"text":"sim2905 - 2005 - Ground-water levels in the Spokane valley - Rathdrum Prairie aquifer, Spokane County, Washington, and Bonner and Kootenai Counties, Idaho, September 2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:55","indexId":"sim2905","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2905","title":"Ground-water levels in the Spokane valley - Rathdrum Prairie aquifer, Spokane County, Washington, and Bonner and Kootenai Counties, Idaho, September 2004","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sim2905","usgsCitation":"Campbell, A.M., 2005, Ground-water levels in the Spokane valley - Rathdrum Prairie aquifer, Spokane County, Washington, and Bonner and Kootenai Counties, Idaho, September 2004 (Online only): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2905, 1 sheet, 41 x 29 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2905.","productDescription":"1 sheet, 41 x 29 in.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":191877,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7455,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2005/2905/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Online only","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db6675d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, Annette M. annettec@usgs.gov","contributorId":3933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Annette","email":"annettec@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":285646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70205872,"text":"70205872 - 2005 - Remote sensing of coastal environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-09T07:11:38","indexId":"70205872","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-08T18:37:24","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Remote sensing of coastal environments","docAbstract":"Coastal ecosystems are transitional environments that are sensitively balanced between open water and upland landscapes. Worldwide, they exhibit extreme variations in areal extent, spatial complexity, and temporal variability. Sustaining these ecosystems requires the ability to monitor their biophysical features and controlling processes at high spatial and temporal resolutions but within a holistic context. Remote sensing is the only tool that can economically measure these features and processes over large areas at appropriate resolutions. Consequently, it offers the only holistic approach to understanding the variable forces shaping the dynamic coastal landscape. Remote sensing must be able to adjust to these spatially and temporally changing conditions and also be able to discriminate subtle differences in these systems. As a result, remote sensing of coastal ecosystems is a complex undertaking that needs to incorporate not only the ability to define the observable hydrologic and vegetation features, but also the scale of measurement.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of Coastal Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/1-4020-3880-1_257","usgsCitation":"Ramsey III, E., 2005, Remote sensing of coastal environments, chap. of Encyclopedia of Coastal Science, p. 797-804, https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3880-1_257.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"797","endPage":"804","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368139,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramsey III, Elijah 0000-0002-4518-5796","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4518-5796","contributorId":212009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsey III","given":"Elijah","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70205865,"text":"70205865 - 2005 - National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program Report to Congress: An integrated assessment","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70205862,"text":"70205862 - 2005 - Results of the acid rain program: Status and trends of emissions and environmental impacts (1990–2002)","indexId":"70205862","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"chapter":"2","title":"Results of the acid rain program: Status and trends of emissions and environmental impacts (1990–2002)"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70205865,"text":"70205865 - 2005 - National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program Report to Congress: An integrated assessment","indexId":"70205865","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"title":"National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program Report to Congress: An integrated assessment"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":70205863,"text":"70205863 - 2005 - Assessing acid deposition: Advances in the state of science","indexId":"70205863","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"chapter":"3","title":"Assessing acid deposition: Advances in the state of science"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70205865,"text":"70205865 - 2005 - National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program Report to Congress: An integrated assessment","indexId":"70205865","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"title":"National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program Report to Congress: An integrated assessment"},"id":2}],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-09T07:15:17","indexId":"70205865","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-08T16:27:32","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5871,"text":"Report to Congress","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"title":"National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program Report to Congress: An integrated assessment","docAbstract":"Acid deposition, more commonly known as acid rain, occurs when emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) react in the atmosphere (with water, oxygen, and oxidants) to form various acidic compounds. These acidic compounds then fall to earth in either a wet form (rain, snow, and fog) or a dry form (gases, aerosols, and particles). Prevailing winds transport the acidic compounds hundreds of miles, often across state and national borders. At certain levels the acidic compounds, including small particles such as sulfates and nitrates can cause many negative human health and environmental effects. While ecosystems are subject to many stresses, including land-use changes, climate change, and variations in hydrologic and meteorologic cycles, the scientific literature has clearly demonstrated that these pollutants can:
• Degrade air quality,
• Impair visibility,
• Damage public health,
• Acidify lakes and streams,
• Harm sensitive forests,
• Harm sensitive coastal ecosystems, and
• Accelerate the decay of building materials, paints, and cultural artifacts such as buildings, statues, and sculptures.
Title IV was passed by Congress as part of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments to reduce emissions of SO2 and NOx from fossil fuel-burning power plants in order to protect
ecosystems suffering damage from acid deposition and to improve air quality. At the same time, the National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program (NAPAP) was asked to periodically assess and report to Congress on the implementation of the Acid Rain Program, recent scientific knowledge surrounding acid deposition and its effects, and
the reduction in acid deposition necessary to prevent adverse ecological effects. This NAPAP Report focuses primarily on emission reductions from power plants, both in terms of assessing past reductions under the Acid Rain Program and in projecting the ecological effects of additional reductions of SO2 and NOx.
It should be noted that power generation currently contributes approximately 69% of the SO2 emissions and 22% of the NOx emissions nationwide. This contribution is decreasing as emissions from power generation continue to decrease, making the other sources of these pollutants more prominent. Modeling suggests that even if SO2
emissions from power generation were reduced to zero, some lakes and streams would remain acidic due to acid deposition. However, there are several other regulations that reduce emissions of SO2 and NOx from these non-power generation sources, such as the Tier II mobile source standards, the Heavy Duty Diesel standards, and the Clean Air Non-Road Diesel Rule, that have also been promulgated since 1990. These regulations, primarily designed to bring counties into attainment with fine particle and ozone air quality standards, also incidentally reduce emissions that contribute to acid deposition.
Implementation of Title IV has successfully and substantially reduced emissions of SO2 and NOx from power generation at a significantly lower cost than expected:
• In 2002, SO2 emissions were 10.2 million tons, 35% lower than 1990 emissions and 40% lower than 1980 emissions.*
• In 2002, NOx emissions were 4.5 million tons, 33% lower than 1990 emissions.
In addition, SO2 emissions from all sources have decreased by 32% since 1990 and emissions of NOx from all sources have decreased by 12% since 1990. Power generating sources continue to close in on the goal of reducing power plant SO2 emissions from 1980 levels by 50% (to 8.95 million tons) as required by the 1990 Clean Air Act. Power generating sources have also exceeded the goal of a two million ton reduction in NOx emissions from projected 2000 levels as required by the 1990 Clean Air Act.
These emission reductions have contributed to measurable improvements in air quality, reductions in acid deposition, and the beginnings of recovery of acid-sensitive waters in some areas:
• SO2 concentrations in the atmosphere (a precursor to fine particles and acid deposition) have decreased since 1990. Average annual SO2 concentrations in the Northeast in 2000–2002 were 40% lower than they were in 1989–1991, concentrations in the mid-Atlantic were 30% lower, concentrations in the Southeast were 35% lower, and concentrations in the Midwest were 45% lower.
• Sulfate concentrations in the atmosphere (a major component of fine particles, especially in the East) have decreased since 1990 as well. Average annual sulfate concentrations in the Northeast and Midwest in 2000–2002 were approximately 30% lower than they were in 1989–1991, and concentrations in the mid-Atlantic and Southeast were 25% lower.
• Wet sulfate deposition, a major component of acid rain, has also decreased since 1990. Average annual sulfate deposition in the Northeast in 2000–2002 was 40% lower than it was in 1989–1991, deposition in the mid-Atlantic and Midwest was 35% lower, and deposition in the Southeast was 25% lower.
• Wet nitrate deposition has not decreased regionally from historical levels because of the relatively moderate NOx reduction from power plants and the continuing large contribution (over 50% of total NOx emissions) from other sources of NOx such as vehicles and nonroad vehicles.
• Although visibility has begun to improve in some parts of the U.S., there is still significant impairment of visibility in many national parks and other Class I areas throughout the U.S.
• Acid neutralizing capacity is beginning to rise in some surface waters in the Northeast, including lakes in the Adirondack Mountains (see graphic below). This is an indication that recovery from acidification is occurring in those areas.