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,{"id":2258,"text":"wsp1800 - 1963 - The role of ground water in the national water situation: With state summaries based on reports by District Offices of Ground Water Branch","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-12T15:44:46","indexId":"wsp1800","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1800","title":"The role of ground water in the national water situation: With state summaries based on reports by District Offices of Ground Water Branch","docAbstract":"<p>Ground water in the United States has emerged from a quantitatively minor (though incalculably valuable) water source, whose chief role was in the settlement of primitive areas, to a major source now accounting for one-fifth to one-sixth of the Nation's total withdrawal requirements for water. With the growth in ground-water withdrawals is an accompanying growth in the realization that large-scale development of ground water is feasible only on the basis of a fuller understanding than has existed to date of the complex interrelations of the hydrologic cycle and of ground water's place in the cycle</p>\n<p>This report outlines briefly the principles of water occurrence and describes the water situation in the United States as of 1960-61, with emphasis on the occurrence of ground water and the status of development and accompanying problems. The Nation has been divided into 10 major ground-water regions by H. E. Thomas (1952a). The report summarizes the occurrence and development of ground water in each of Thomas' regions. In a large terminal section it also describes the occurrence and development of water, again with emphasis on ground water, in each of the 50 States and in certain other areas. The main text ends with a discussion of the water situation and prospects of the Nation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp1800","usgsCitation":"McGuinness, C.L., 1963, The role of ground water in the national water situation: With state summaries based on reports by District Offices of Ground Water Branch: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1800, Report: xii, 1121 p.; 4 Plates: 43.44 x 26.28 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1800.","productDescription":"Report: xii, 1121 p.; 4 Plates: 43.44 x 26.28 inches or smaller","numberOfPages":"1134","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science 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,{"id":2719,"text":"wsp1615E - 1963 - Geochemical aspects of artificial recharge in the Grand Prairie region, Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:34","indexId":"wsp1615E","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1615","chapter":"E","title":"Geochemical aspects of artificial recharge in the Grand Prairie region, Arkansas","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1615E","usgsCitation":"Sniegocki, R.T., 1963, Geochemical aspects of artificial recharge in the Grand Prairie region, Arkansas: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1615, iv, 41 p. :ill., maps ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1615E.","productDescription":"iv, 41 p. :ill., maps ;24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139026,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1615e/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":29104,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1615e/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":29105,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1615e/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae653","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sniegocki, Richard T.","contributorId":67068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sniegocki","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":2718,"text":"wsp1615C - 1963 - Equipment and controls used in studies of artificial recharge in the Grand Prairie region, Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:34","indexId":"wsp1615C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1615","chapter":"C","title":"Equipment and controls used in studies of artificial recharge in the Grand Prairie region, Arkansas","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Department of the Interior, Geological Survey ;","doi":"10.3133/wsp1615C","usgsCitation":"Sniegocki, R.T., Bayley, F.H., and Engler, K., 1963, Equipment and controls used in studies of artificial recharge in the Grand Prairie region, Arkansas: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1615, iii, 39 p. :ill., map ;23 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1615C.","productDescription":"iii, 39 p. :ill., map ;23 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139025,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1615c/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":29103,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1615c/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d660","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sniegocki, Richard T.","contributorId":67068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sniegocki","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bayley, F. H.","contributorId":75896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bayley","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Engler, Kyle","contributorId":106862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engler","given":"Kyle","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1916,"text":"wsp1539T - 1963 - Geology and ground-water resources of the Lake Dakota Plain area, South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-05T09:58:33","indexId":"wsp1539T","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1539","chapter":"T","title":"Geology and ground-water resources of the Lake Dakota Plain area, South Dakota","docAbstract":"<p>The Lake Dakota plain area is a nearly flat surface that includes parts of Spink, Brown, Marshall, and Day Counties in northeastern South Dakota. Agriculture is the principal occupation. Because precipitation often is insufficient for maximum crop production, the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation has developed a plan for irrigation of the area. Most of the irrigation water would be conveyed by canal from a reservoir on the Missouri River, about 100 miles to the west, but some would be obtained locally from the James River.</p>\n<p>The surface of the Precambrian rocks, which underlie the area at a depth of 1,200 to 1,500 feet, is the lower limit to which water wells are drilled. Most of the producing wells in the area tap the Dakota sandstone, which has an average thickness of about 400 feet and rests on the Precambrian rocks. The Dakota is not recharged locally; water percolates into the Lake Dakota plain area principally from areas of recharge to the west. Because the aggregate discharge from wells tapping the Dakota exceeds the estimated rate of lateral percolation into the area, some of the discharged water probably is derived from storage. Although the artesian pressure is still sufficient to cause wells to flow, it is much less now than it was when the first wells were drilled in the 1880's. Water from the Dakota is highly mineralized; the specific conductance of water from 71 wells ranged from 2,590 to 4,380 micromhos per centimeter. Most of the water was of the sodium sulfate type and was soft. By recognized standards the water is chemically unsuitable for most uses, but for many years it has been the principal source of supply both on farms and in the municipalities. Use of the water for irrigation is reported to have made the soil unproductive.</p>\n<p>The Dakota is overlain by younger Cretaceous rocks aggregating 700 to 800 feet in thickness. These rocks, which consist of shale and limestone, generally are too nearly impermeable to be a source of water supply.</p>\n<p>Unconsolidated deposits of Quaternary age mantle the Cretaceous rocks. Although they consist mostly of material that is too fine grained to yield water freely to wells, the Quaternary deposits contain bodies of moderately to highly permeable material that yield water copiously. Such bodies may be located only by exploratory drilling or, possibly, geophysical methods. The water differs widely in amount of mineralization and in chemical composition; the specific&nbsp;conductance of water from 322 wells ranged from 246 to 13,300 micromhos per centimeter. In most of the report area the water is of unsuitable quality for irrigation and domestic use. The principal source of recharge to the Quaternary deposits is infiltrating precipitation. Evapotranspiration accounts for nearly all the water discharged; the amount of water discharging into stream channels and withdrawn from wells is almost negligible by comparison. Irrigation of the area would increase the rate of recharge to the Quaternary deposits and would cause the water table to rise. Probably it would also cause an increase in the concentration of dissolved minerals in much of the ground water. Artificial drainage would be necessary to prevent waterlogging of cropland.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Print Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","doi":"10.3133/wsp1539T","usgsCitation":"Hopkins, W.B., and Petri, L., 1963, Geology and ground-water resources of the Lake Dakota Plain area, South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1539, Report: v, 68 p.; 3 Plates: 26.00 x 40.33 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1539T.","productDescription":"Report: v, 68 p.; 3 Plates: 26.00 x 40.33 inches or smaller","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137686,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1539t/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":27236,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1539t/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":27237,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1539t/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":27238,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1539t/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":27239,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1539t/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":109986,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_24741.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"24741"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Lake Dakota Plain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -98.525390625,\n              44.68427737181225\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.525390625,\n              45.82879925192134\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.6025390625,\n              45.82879925192134\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.6025390625,\n              44.68427737181225\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.525390625,\n              44.68427737181225\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db6854ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hopkins, William B.","contributorId":54574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopkins","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Petri, Lester R.","contributorId":19534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petri","given":"Lester R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1793,"text":"wsp1539K - 1963 - Ground water in the coastal dune area near Florence, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-03T13:32:03","indexId":"wsp1539K","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1539","chapter":"K","title":"Ground water in the coastal dune area near Florence, Oregon","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1539K","usgsCitation":"Hampton, E.R., 1963, Ground water in the coastal dune area near Florence, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1539, iv, 36 p. :charts, maps (1 fold. in pocket) ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1539K.","productDescription":"iv, 36 p. :charts, maps (1 fold. in pocket) ;24 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":109978,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_24733.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"24733"},{"id":26937,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1539k/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26938,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1539k/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":136933,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1539k/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d7b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hampton, E. R.","contributorId":57038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hampton","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1799,"text":"wsp1669N - 1963 - Water-supply characteristics of streams in the Delaware River Basin and in southern New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:15","indexId":"wsp1669N","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1669","chapter":"N","title":"Water-supply characteristics of streams in the Delaware River Basin and in southern New Jersey","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to the hydrology of the United States, 1962","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1669N","usgsCitation":"Hardison, C., and Martin, R., 1963, Water-supply characteristics of streams in the Delaware River Basin and in southern New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1669, iv, 45 p. :ill., maps ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1669N.","productDescription":"iv, 45 p. :ill., maps ;24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137011,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1669n/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":26953,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1669n/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26954,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1669n/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4d8b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hardison, C.H.","contributorId":32506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardison","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, R.O.R.","contributorId":40193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"R.O.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1420,"text":"wsp1619K - 1963 - Hydrogeology of Middle Canyon, Oquirrh Mountains, Tooele County, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-06T18:24:10","indexId":"wsp1619K","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1619","chapter":"K","title":"Hydrogeology of Middle Canyon, Oquirrh Mountains, Tooele County, Utah","docAbstract":"<p>Geology and climate are the principal influences affecting the hydrology of Middle Canyon, Tooele County, Utah. Reconnaissance in the canyon indicated that the geologic influences on the hydrology may be localized; water may be leaking through fault and fracture zones or joints in sandstone and through solution openings in limestone of the Oquirrh formation of Pennsylvanian and Permian age. Surficial deposits of Quaternary age serve as the main storage material for ground water in the canyon and transmit water from the upper canyon to springs and drains at the canyon mouth. The upper canyon is a more important storage area than the lower canyon because the surficial deposits are thicker, and any zones of leakage in the underlying bedrock of the upper canyon probably would result in greater leakage than would similar outlets in the lower canyon.</p><p>The total annual discharge from Middle Canyon, per unit of precipitation, decreased between 1910 and 1939. Similar decreases occurred in Parleys Canyon in the nearby Wasatch Range and in other drainage basins in Utah, and it is likely that most of the decrease in discharge from Middle Canyon and other canyons in Utah is due to a change in climate.</p><p>Chemical analyses of water showed that the high content of sulfate and other constituents in the water from the Utah Metals tunnel, which drains into Middle Canyon, does not have a significant effect on water quality at the canyon mouth. This suggests that much of the tunnel water is lost from the channel by leakage, probably in the upper canyon, during the dry part of the year.</p><p>Comparison of the 150 acre-feet of water per square mile of drainage area discharged by Middle Canyon in 1947 with the 623 and 543 acre-feet per square mile discharged in 1948 by City Creek and Mill Creek Canyons, two comparable drainage basins in the nearby Wasatch Range, also suggests that there is leakage in Middle Canyon.</p><p>A hydrologic budget of the drainage basin results in an estimate that about 3,000 acre-feet of water was unaccounted for in the 1947 water year. This may represent a reasonable estimate of annual leakage from Middle Canyon.</p><p>The future development of Middle Canyon water can best be planned after additional information is obtained on movement of water through the channel fill. Much of this information could be supplied by test drilling in the channel fill. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp1619K","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Utah Water and Power Board","usgsCitation":"Gates, J.S., 1963, Hydrogeology of Middle Canyon, Oquirrh Mountains, Tooele County, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1619, Report: iv, 40 p.; Plate: 16.00 x 15.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1619K.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 40 p.; Plate: 16.00 x 15.00 inches","numberOfPages":"45","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":26516,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1619k/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26517,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1619k/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":138066,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1619k/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Tooele County","otherGeospatial":" Middle Canyon, Oquirrh Mountains","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db625119","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gates, Joseph Spencer","contributorId":108089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gates","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"Spencer","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1325,"text":"wsp1619F - 1963 - Geology and ground-water features of Point Arguello Naval Missile Facility, Santa Barbara County, California","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":52163,"text":"ofr6148 - 1961 - Ground-water conditions, Naval Missile Facility, Point Arguello, California","indexId":"ofr6148","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water conditions, Naval Missile Facility, Point Arguello, California"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":1325,"text":"wsp1619F - 1963 - Geology and ground-water features of Point Arguello Naval Missile Facility, Santa Barbara County, California","indexId":"wsp1619F","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"chapter":"F","title":"Geology and ground-water features of Point Arguello Naval Missile Facility, Santa Barbara County, California"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":52240,"text":"ofr6244 - 1962 - Ground-water conditions, U. S. Naval Missile Facility, Point Arguello, California, June 1961-June 1962","indexId":"ofr6244","publicationYear":"1962","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water conditions, U. S. Naval Missile Facility, Point Arguello, California, June 1961-June 1962"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":1325,"text":"wsp1619F - 1963 - Geology and ground-water features of Point Arguello Naval Missile Facility, Santa Barbara County, California","indexId":"wsp1619F","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"chapter":"F","title":"Geology and ground-water features of Point Arguello Naval Missile Facility, Santa Barbara County, California"},"id":2}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:18","indexId":"wsp1619F","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1619","chapter":"F","title":"Geology and ground-water features of Point Arguello Naval Missile Facility, Santa Barbara County, California","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1619F","usgsCitation":"Evenson, R.E., and Miller, G., 1963, Geology and ground-water features of Point Arguello Naval Missile Facility, Santa Barbara County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1619, iv, 35 p. :ill., maps ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1619F.","productDescription":"iv, 35 p. :ill., maps ;24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137988,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1619f/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":26372,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1619f/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26373,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1619f/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26374,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1619f/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685fb1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evenson, R. E.","contributorId":19933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evenson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, G.A.","contributorId":107671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1415,"text":"wsp1582 - 1963 - Geology and ground-water resources of Winkler County, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-22T10:53:53","indexId":"wsp1582","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1582","title":"Geology and ground-water resources of Winkler County, Texas","docAbstract":"<p>Winkler County, in west Texas, is adjacent to the southeast corner of New Mexico. Most of the county lies in the Pecos Valley; the remainder, in the northeastern part of the county, is part of the Llano Estacado, or the High Plains. Its principal industries are those related to the production and refining of oil, but ranching also is an important occupation. The county has an arid to semiarid climate, an area of about 887 square miles, and a population of about 12,000 in 1957.</p>\n<p>The principal fresh-water-bearing formations in Winkler County are the Cenozoic alluvium, which mantles the surface of most of the county, and the Santn Rosa sandstone of Late Triassic age. The alluvium is saturated at a depth ranging from a few feet below the land surface to about 150 feet, and the water is under water-table conditions. The Santa Rosa sandstone is fully saturated throughout most of the county, the water occurring under both unconfined (water-table) and confined (artesian) conditions. The underlying older formations contain water too highly mineralized for most uses, but they are important because water from these underlying beds, which is produced with the oil, is a source of pollution to the fresh-water aquifers. The formations also are a source of water to waterflooding projects for the secondary recovery of oil.</p>\n<p>The alluvium is replenished chiefly by precipitation, throughout the county. The sand-dune area in the eastern part is the most favorable area of natural recharge. The Santa Rosa sandstone is recharged through the alluvium where the two formations are in contact.</p>\n<p>Infiltration of saline water, which with oil and waste water has been produced from industrial plants, has been taking place through surface earthen pits. About 18 mgd (million gallons per day) of saline water was being produced from the many oil fields throughout the county during August 1957, and almost all this water was placed in surface pits. The Hendrick oil field alone produced about 14.5 mgd during that month, and an estimated 800,000 acre-feet from 1937 to 1957.</p>\n<p>About 20 million acre-feet of fresh water is stored in the explored groundwater aquifers of Winkler County, of which an estimated 5 to 7 million acrefeet can be practicably recovered. A daily average of about 8.2 million gallons (9,200 acre-feet per year) of fresh water was used in the county during 1956. Public and industrial use accounted for about 6.8 mgd; irrigation, domestic, and stock uses accounted for 1.4 mgd. Projects engaged in the secondary recovery&nbsp;of oil were the largest consumers, using an average of about 3 mgd of fresh water and about 2.7 mgd of saline water during 1956.</p>\n<p>Water wells drilled in the deep trough of Cenozoic alluvium south of Wink may yield 1,000 gpm (gallons per minute) or more. A pumping test of the alluvium in that area indicated a coefficient of transmissibility of about 25,000 gpd (gallons per day) per foot. Wells, other than windmill wells, drawing water from thinner sections of alluvium in the rest of the county yield between 100 and 300 gpm. Most of the wells in the Santa Rosa sandstone yield 30-400 gpm. Two municipal wells at Kermit that tap the Santa Rosa sandstone were tested at 1,200 and 1,875 gpm. The large yield of these wells probably results from the presence of fractures in the structurally deformed aquifer. Pumping tests in the Kermit area indicate that locally a full section of the Santa Rosa sandstone has an average coefficient of transmissibility of about 25,000 gpd per foot and a coefficient of storage of about 0.0003. The transmissibility in two other tested areas is much less.</p>\n<p>The chemical quality of the water in the principal aquifers is generally acceptable for industry and for public supply. About two-thirds of the samples collected from fresh-water wells had a dissolved-solids content of less than 1,000 ppm (parts per million) ; however, some samples in a few areas were hard and were high in fluoride and silica. Samples from wells in polluted areas contained dissolved solids ranging from about 1,400 to 71,100 ppm. Two comprehensive analyses of water samples from the Rustler formation showed a dissolved-solids content of 18,400 ppm. and 157,000 ppm. In most of the water produced with the oil in the Hendrick oil field, the content of dissolved solids ranged from about 4,000 to about 10,000 ppm. The water produced with the oil in the rest of the oil fields in Winkler County was mainly brine.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp1582","usgsCitation":"Garza, S., and Wesselman, J.B., 1963, Geology and ground-water resources of Winkler County, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1582, Report: v, 162 p.; 9 Plates, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1582.","productDescription":"Report: v, 162 p.; 9 Plates","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":26506,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1582/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26507,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1582/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26508,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1582/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26509,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1582/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26510,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1582/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26511,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1582/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26512,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1582/plate-7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26513,"rank":407,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1582/plate-8.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26514,"rank":408,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1582/plate-9.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26515,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1582/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":138065,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1582/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":109992,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_24767.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"24767"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db68581b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garza, Sergio","contributorId":88713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garza","given":"Sergio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wesselman, John B.","contributorId":52154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wesselman","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1323,"text":"wsp1615A - 1963 - Studies of artificial recharge in the Grand Prairie region, Arkansas; environment and history","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":51871,"text":"ofr55171 - 1955 - Progress report on studies of artificial recharge in the Grand Prairie region, Arkansas","indexId":"ofr55171","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"title":"Progress report on studies of artificial recharge in the Grand Prairie region, Arkansas"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":1323,"text":"wsp1615A - 1963 - Studies of artificial recharge in the Grand Prairie region, Arkansas; environment and history","indexId":"wsp1615A","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"Studies of artificial recharge in the Grand Prairie region, Arkansas; environment and history"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-08T22:59:38.290152","indexId":"wsp1615A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1615","chapter":"A","title":"Studies of artificial recharge in the Grand Prairie region, Arkansas; environment and history","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Artificial recharge of ground water - Grand Prairie region, Arkansas","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp1615A","usgsCitation":"Engler, K., Bayley, F.H., and Sniegocki, R.T., 1963, Studies of artificial recharge in the Grand Prairie region, Arkansas; environment and history: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1615, Report: iv, 32 p.; 4 Plates: 16.00 × 20.74 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1615A.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 32 p.; 4 Plates: 16.00 × 20.74 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137975,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1615a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":26365,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1615a/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26366,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1615a/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26367,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1615a/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26368,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1615a/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26369,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1615a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":395661,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_24809.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","otherGeospatial":"Grand Prairie region","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -92,\n              34\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.083,\n              34\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.083,\n              34.917\n            ],\n            [\n              -92,\n              34.917\n            ],\n            [\n              -92,\n              34\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a2a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Engler, Kyle","contributorId":106862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engler","given":"Kyle","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bayley, F. H.","contributorId":75896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bayley","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sniegocki, Richard T.","contributorId":67068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sniegocki","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1800,"text":"wsp1669G - 1963 - Low-flow frequency curves for selected long-term stream gaging stations in eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:15","indexId":"wsp1669G","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1669","chapter":"G","title":"Low-flow frequency curves for selected long-term stream gaging stations in eastern United States","docAbstract":"Curves showing the magnitude and frequency of annual low flow at 85 streamgaging stations located in 17 States east and 5 States west of the Mississippi River have been smoothed and adjusted to one of four long-term periods. They are presented to show the similarity and dissimilarity of curves even in the same State and to provide background information for studies of the statistical properties of low-flow frequency curves and for studies of the relation between hydrologic environment and low flow. The results are presented as greatly reduced graphs to facilitate comparison and are summarized in tables from which expanded graphs can be plotted.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to the hydrology of the United States, 1962","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off. :\r\nfor sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1669G","usgsCitation":"Hardison, C.H., and Martin, R.O., 1963, Low-flow frequency curves for selected long-term stream gaging stations in eastern United States: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1669, iv, 30 p. :ill., map ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1669G.","productDescription":"iv, 30 p. :ill., map ;24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137012,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1669g/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":26955,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1669g/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db648748","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hardison, Clayton H.","contributorId":46073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardison","given":"Clayton","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, Robert O.R.","contributorId":18737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"O.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":39,"text":"wsp1692 - 1963 - Evaporation control research, 1959-60","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:11","indexId":"wsp1692","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1692","title":"Evaporation control research, 1959-60","docAbstract":"Two hundred and forty-five dispersions of long-chain alkanols were formulated by using various emulsifiers and alkanols. The dispensing and spreading ability of each of these formulations was tested. The most promising emulsifier that could be used with any of the alkanols was glyceryl monostearate (self-emulsifying). However, the concentration of the alkanol in the dispersion form varied somewhat: with the length of the carbon chain. A maximum concentration of 16 percent was obtained using the longer chain alkanols in the dispersion form without losing any of the properties of a fluid. \r\n\r\nNine field tests were undertaken on small stock tanks. The retardant materials used in these tests were dodecanol, hexadecanol, and octadecanol. These materials were applied in either liquid or dispersion form. Four types of dispensing equipment were tested. The first type used a pressure system which sprayed a liquid onto the surface of the water. An anemometer and wind-controlled vane, operated by an electrical system, determined the length End frequency of application. The second type was similar to the first except that gravity was utilized to force the liquid onto the surface. The third type. used a drip system with rates of about 10 drops per minute. The fourth type used a gravity feed and a wind-controlled valve which allowed the dispersion material to flow onto the surface of the water when the wind was in the proper direction. In the field tests, the best reduction in evaporation was obtained using octadecanol in dispersion form and dispensed with the wind-controlled valve and gravity feed system. The maximum reduction in evaporation for a 2-week period was 27 percent. However, the economics of suppressing evaporation from stock tanks is questionable because of the short travel time across the tank by the film. \r\n\r\nThere are still many problems unsolved. Some of these can be resolved in the laboratory whereas others can be resolved only in the field. Some of the more serious problems are the effect of impurities in the alkanols; the rate of cooling of the alkanol from a liquid to a solid state ; the effect of the film on the exchange of water molecules between the air and water; whether the film remains effective in suppressing evaporation for any rate of movement downwind; and the possible use of dodecanol and eicosanol as suppressants.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1692","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1963, Evaporation control research, 1959-60: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1692, 2 v. :illus. ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1692.","productDescription":"2 v. :illus. ;24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137354,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1692/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":24655,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1692/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e47c1e4b07f02db4a6f10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":527157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1371,"text":"wsp1655 - 1963 - Ground water in the Pullman area, Whitman County, Washington","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":55768,"text":"ofr5746 - 1957 - Ground water in the Pullman area, Whitman county, Washington","indexId":"ofr5746","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"title":"Ground water in the Pullman area, Whitman county, Washington"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":1371,"text":"wsp1655 - 1963 - Ground water in the Pullman area, Whitman County, Washington","indexId":"wsp1655","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"title":"Ground water in the Pullman area, Whitman County, Washington"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:13","indexId":"wsp1655","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1655","title":"Ground water in the Pullman area, Whitman County, Washington","docAbstract":"This report presents the results of an investigation of the ground-water resources of the Pullman area, Whitman County, Wash. The investigation war made in cooperation with the State of Washington, Department of Conservation, Division of Water Resources, to determine whether the 1959 rate of ground-water withdrawal exceeded the perennial yield of the developed aquifers, and if so, (1) whether additional aquifers could be developed in the area, and (2) whether the yield of the developed aquifers could be increased by artificial recharge. The Pullman area includes the agricultural district surrounding the city of Pullman, in southeastern Whitman County, and the western two-thirds of the Moscow-Pullman basin, which extends into Latah County, Idaho. The mapped area comprises shout 250 square miles. \r\n\r\nThe area is in a region of smooth rolling hills formed by erosion of thick deposits of loess, which cover a dissected lava plain. The loess (Palouse formation of Pleistocene age) ranges in thickness from less than 1 foot to more than 150 feet. The underlying lava flows, part of the Columbia River basalt of Tertiary age, are nearly horizontal and form bluffs and low cliffs along the major streams. The total thickness of the basalt sequence in the area is not known, but it may be considerably greater than 1,000 feet beneath the city of Pullman. The basalt sequence is underlain by a basement mass of granite, granite gneiss, and quartzite, of pre-Tertiary age. \r\n\r\nThe most productive aquifers in the area are in the Columbia River basalt. They consist of the permeable zones, commonly occurring at the tops of individual lava flows, which may contain ground water under either artesian or water-table conditions. Two such permeable zones have produced more than 95 percent of the ground water used in the Pullman area, or as much as 870 million gallons per year (1957). These two zones are hydraulically connected and lie at depths ranging from about 50 to 170 feet below the land surface at Pullman. The area receives about 21 inches of precipitation annually, about two-thirds of it from October through March. 0nly a fraction of the precipitation reaches the aquifers; the remainder is returned to the atmosphere by evapotranspiration or leaves the area as surface runoff. The basalt is recharged mainly by infiltration from streams and downward percolation from the overlying loess. \r\n\r\nThe ground water moves generally westward. However, most water in the artesian aquifers tapped by wells in the vicinity of Pullman may move toward the city of Pullman, which is the center of major pumping. The rate of movement ranges from extremely slow in the loess and the massive basalt to very rapid in the permeable zones of basalt. The principal modes of discharge from the artesian aquifers are seepage to streams and pumpage from wells. The amount of natural discharge is unknown, but the pumpage ranged from about 340 to 870 million gallons per year, and during 1949-59 it averaged about 800 million gallons (2,500 ac-ft) per year. For about the last 25 years at least, the piezometric surface of the artesian zones has declined each year, indicating that the annual ground-water discharge from the artesian aquifers (including pumpage and natural discharge) has exceeded the recharge in the Pullman area. An analysis of the relation of pumpage to the decline in artesian level indicates that during 1952-59 an average of about 65 million gallons per year was removed from storage. Although the decline in artesian pressures has resulted in an increase in the recharge to the aquifers, the present rate of pumping may be equal to or even exceed the perennial yield of the artesian aquifer in the report area under natural conditions. \r\n\r\nGeologic and hydrologic conditions seem favorable for the existence of potentially good aquifers below those which are now extensively developed. The deep aquifers seem to have only a slight hydraulic connection with the overlying artesian basalt ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1655","usgsCitation":"Foxworthy, B., and Washburn, R., 1963, Ground water in the Pullman area, Whitman County, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1655, iv, 71 p. :ill., maps ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1655.","productDescription":"iv, 71 p. :ill., maps ;24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110001,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_24847.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"24847"},{"id":137288,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1655/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":26462,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1655/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26463,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1655/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26464,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1655/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26465,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1655/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d89c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foxworthy, B. L.","contributorId":45686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foxworthy","given":"B. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Washburn, R.L.","contributorId":89114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Washburn","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1824,"text":"wsp1647A - 1963 - Geology and ground-water conditions in the Gila Bend Indian Reservation, Maricopa County, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-08T13:04:04","indexId":"wsp1647A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1647","chapter":"A","title":"Geology and ground-water conditions in the Gila Bend Indian Reservation, Maricopa County, Arizona","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wsp1647A","usgsCitation":"Heindl, L., and Armstrong, C.A., 1963, Geology and ground-water conditions in the Gila Bend Indian Reservation, Maricopa County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1647, iv, 48 p. :ill., map ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1647A.","productDescription":"iv, 48 p. :ill., map ;24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137072,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1647A/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":265378,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1647A/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db68601b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heindl, L.A.","contributorId":52150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heindl","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Armstrong, C. A.","contributorId":66231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armstrong","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":2869,"text":"wsp1539P - 1963 - Geology and ground-water resources of Dougherty County, Georgia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-01T08:39:44","indexId":"wsp1539P","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1539","chapter":"P","title":"Geology and ground-water resources of Dougherty County, Georgia","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1539P","usgsCitation":"Wait, R.L., 1963, Geology and ground-water resources of Dougherty County, Georgia: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1539, vi, 102 p. :ill., maps ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1539P.","productDescription":"vi, 102 p. :ill., maps ;24 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science 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,{"id":1831,"text":"wsp1667A - 1963 - Chemical equilibria and rates of manganese oxidation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:15","indexId":"wsp1667A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1667","chapter":"A","title":"Chemical equilibria and rates of manganese oxidation","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1667A","usgsCitation":"Hem, J.D., 1963, Chemical equilibria and rates of manganese oxidation: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1667, iv, 64 p. :ill. ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1667A.","productDescription":"iv, 64 p. :ill. ;24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137233,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1667a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":27034,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1667a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dfe4b07f02db5e3b54","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hem, John David","contributorId":42577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hem","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1846,"text":"wsp1663D - 1963 - Ground water for public supply in St. Croix, Virgin Islands","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":52247,"text":"ofr6259 - 1962 - Suggestions for the development of the ground-water resources of St. Croix, Virgin Islands","indexId":"ofr6259","publicationYear":"1962","noYear":false,"title":"Suggestions for the development of the ground-water resources of St. Croix, Virgin Islands"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":1846,"text":"wsp1663D - 1963 - Ground water for public supply in St. Croix, Virgin Islands","indexId":"wsp1663D","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"chapter":"D","title":"Ground water for public supply in St. Croix, Virgin Islands"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-18T21:10:51.634302","indexId":"wsp1663D","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1663","chapter":"D","title":"Ground water for public supply in St. Croix, Virgin Islands","docAbstract":"The ground-water resources of St. Croix, V.I., if properly developed should be adequate to supply the present and near-future demand for water for public supply. Ground water is obtained from weathered volcanic and intrusive rocks (bedrocks), from limestone, and from alluvium. The water obtained from weathered bedrocks and from alluvium in the valleys of the North Side Range is generally of better quality than that obtained elsewhere on the island. The greatest yields are obtained from the limestone and alluvium of the south-central coastal plain, but the water there is generally of poor to only fair quality. In the East End area no water, or salty water, is obtained from wells.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to hydrology of Latin America and the Antilles","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.","doi":"10.3133/wsp1663D","usgsCitation":"Hendrickson, G.E., 1963, Ground water for public supply in St. Croix, Virgin Islands: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1663, iii, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1663D.","productDescription":"iii, 27 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":27061,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1663d/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":138528,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1663d/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":396200,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_24853.htm"}],"otherGeospatial":"St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -64.91409301757812,\n              17.65318261616436\n            ],\n            [\n              -64.56047058105469,\n              17.65318261616436\n            ],\n            [\n              -64.56047058105469,\n              17.797727159121898\n            ],\n            [\n              -64.91409301757812,\n              17.797727159121898\n            ],\n            [\n              -64.91409301757812,\n              17.65318261616436\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db668eda","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hendrickson, Garth Edison","contributorId":100685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hendrickson","given":"Garth","email":"","middleInitial":"Edison","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1849,"text":"wsp1724 - 1963 - Compilation of records of surface waters of the United States, October 1950 to September 1960: Part 2-B. South Atlantic slope and eastern Gulf of Mexico basins, Ogeechee River to Pearl River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-14T19:48:48.916459","indexId":"wsp1724","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1724","title":"Compilation of records of surface waters of the United States, October 1950 to September 1960: Part 2-B. South Atlantic slope and eastern Gulf of Mexico basins, Ogeechee River to Pearl River","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp1724","usgsCitation":"Hendricks, E.L., Cameron, A.N., Carroon, L., Hansen, F.N., Patterson, A.O., and Robinson, W., 1963, Compilation of records of surface waters of the United States, October 1950 to September 1960: Part 2-B. South Atlantic slope and eastern Gulf of Mexico basins, Ogeechee River to Pearl River: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1724, Report: xii, 458 p.; 1 Plate: 35.00 x 41.14 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1724.","productDescription":"Report: xii, 458 p.; 1 Plate: 35.00 x 41.14 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":138531,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1724/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":27066,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1724/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":27067,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1724/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":430230,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_24908.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.35737160282241,\n              33.698278832471075\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.69702258338809,\n              29.84689443382446\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.02132259900962,\n              29.215685882027515\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.90484068869881,\n              26.14880673764703\n            ],\n            [\n              -80,\n              24.253746260036237\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.78658787948709,\n              26.693806508190136\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.05147466245297,\n              30.22780449206561\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.0735277820245,\n              32.40780522836887\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.40127425116972,\n              34.94678899158691\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.35737160282241,\n              33.698278832471075\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1de4b07f02db6a9981","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hendricks, E. L.","contributorId":50126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hendricks","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cameron, A. N.","contributorId":339421,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cameron","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":904224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carroon, L.E.","contributorId":29880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carroon","given":"L.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":904225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hansen, F. N.","contributorId":80544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":904226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Patterson, A. O.","contributorId":339422,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Patterson","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":904227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Robinson, W.H.","contributorId":91478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":904228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":14,"text":"wsp1734 - 1963 - Compilation of records of surface waters of the United States, October 1950 to September 1960: Part 10. The Great Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-05T22:41:00.563745","indexId":"wsp1734","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1734","title":"Compilation of records of surface waters of the United States, October 1950 to September 1960: Part 10. The Great Basin","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp1734","usgsCitation":"Hendricks, E.L., Hofmann, W., Phillips, K.N., Travis, W.I., Wilson, M.T., Harris, E., and Jibson, W., 1963, Compilation of records of surface waters of the United States, October 1950 to September 1960: Part 10. The Great Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1734, Report: ix, 318 p.; 1 Plate: 24.00 x 34.60 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1734.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 318 p.; 1 Plate: 24.00 x 34.60 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110010,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_24918.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"24918"},{"id":24619,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1734/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":24618,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1734/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":136023,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1734/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Idaho, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Great Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.667,\n              44.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.5,\n              44.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.5,\n              32.617\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.667,\n              32.617\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.667,\n              44.25\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1de4b07f02db6a9a09","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hendricks, E. L.","contributorId":50126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hendricks","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":141817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hofmann, Walter","contributorId":30604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hofmann","given":"Walter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":896006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Phillips, K. N.","contributorId":36806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":896007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Travis, W. I.","contributorId":47445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Travis","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":896008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wilson, M. T.","contributorId":102116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":896009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Harris, E. E.","contributorId":24328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"E. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":896010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jibson, W.N.","contributorId":27928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jibson","given":"W.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":896011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":1255,"text":"wsp1608C - 1963 - Ground-water reconnaissance of American Samoa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-10T11:55:07","indexId":"wsp1608C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1608","chapter":"C","title":"Ground-water reconnaissance of American Samoa","docAbstract":"The principal islands of American Samoa are Tutuila, Aunuu, Ofu, Olosega, and Ta'u, which have a total area of about 72 square miles and a population of about 20,000. The mean annual rainfall is 150 to 200 inches. \r\n\r\nThe islands are volcanic in origin and are composed of lava flows, dikes, tuff. and breccia, and minor amounts of talus, alluvium, and calcareous sand and gravel. Tutuila is a complex island formed of rocks erupted from five volcanoes. Aunuu is a tuff cone. Ofu, Olosega, and Ta'u are composed largely of thin-bedded lava flows. \r\n\r\nMuch of the rock of Tutuila has low permeability, and most of the ground water is in high-level reservoirs that discharge at numerous small springs and seeps. The flow from a few springs and seeps is collected in short tunnels or in basins for village supply, but most villages obtain their water from streams. A large supply of basal ground water may underlie the Tafuna-Leone plain at about sea level in permeable lava flows. Small basal supplies may be in alluvial fill at the mouths of large valleys. \r\n\r\nAunuu has small quantities of basal water in beach deposits of calcareous sand and gravel. Minor amounts of high-level ground-water flow from springs and seeps on Ofu, Olosega, and Ta'u. The generally permeable lava flows in the three islands contain substantial amounts of basal ground water that can be developed in coastal areas in wells dug to about sea level.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp1608C","usgsCitation":"Davis, D.A., 1963, Ground-water reconnaissance of American Samoa: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1608, 21 p. ;22 x 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1608C.","productDescription":"21 p. ;22 x 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137096,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1608c/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":26192,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1608c/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db66714f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Daniel Arthur","contributorId":8073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"Arthur","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":2857,"text":"wsp1619E - 1963 - Ground-water resources of the Alma area, Michigan","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":51114,"text":"ofr5244 - 1952 - Ground-water conditions in the Alma area, Michigan","indexId":"ofr5244","publicationYear":"1952","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water conditions in the Alma area, Michigan"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":2857,"text":"wsp1619E - 1963 - Ground-water resources of the Alma area, Michigan","indexId":"wsp1619E","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"Ground-water resources of the Alma area, Michigan"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-06T13:03:59","indexId":"wsp1619E","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1619","chapter":"E","title":"Ground-water resources of the Alma area, Michigan","docAbstract":"<p>The Alma area consists of 30 square miles in the northwestern part of Gratiot County, Mich. It is an area of slight relief gently rolling hills and level plains and is an important agricultural center in the State.</p><p>The Saginaw formation, which forms the bedrock surface in part of the area, is of relatively low permeability and yields water containing objectionable amounts of chloride. Formations below the Saginaw are tapped for brine in and near the Alma area.</p><p>The consolidated rocks of the Alma area are mantled by Pleistocene glacial deposits, which are as much as 550 feet thick where preglacial valleys were eroded into the bedrock. The glacial deposits consist of till, glacial-lake deposits, and outwash. Till deposits are at the surface along the south-trending moraines that cross the area, and they underlie other types of glacial deposits at depth throughout the area. The till deposits are of low permeability and are not a source of water to wells, though locally they include small lenses of permeable sand and gravel.</p><p>In the western part of the area, including much of the city of Alma, the glacial-lake deposits consist primarily of sand and are a source of small supplies of water. In the northeastern part of the area the lake deposits are predominantly clayey and of low permeability.</p><p>Sand and gravel outwash yields moderate and large supplies of water within the area. Outwash is present at the surface along the West Branch of the Pine River. A more extensive deposit of outwash buried by the lake deposits is the source of most of the ground water pumped at Alma. The presence of an additional deposit of buried outwash west and southwest of the city is inferred from the glacial history of the area. Additional water supplies that may be developed from these deposits are probably adequate for anticipated population and industrial growth.</p><p>Water levels have declined generally in the vicinity of the city of Alma since 1920 in response to pumping for municipal and industrial supplies. The declines are not excessive, and during the late 1950's water levels in parts of Alma have risen slightly, because of dispersion of the pumping stations.</p><p>The ground water in the Alma area generally is very hard and high in iron. Locally, the buried outwash that underlies the city of Alma is contaminated by phenolic substances. This limits the amount of ground water available for municipal supply within the city, although reclamation of the contaminated part of the aquifer is considered feasible.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp1619E","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Michigan Geological Survey and the city of Alma","usgsCitation":"Vanlier, K.E., 1963, Ground-water resources of the Alma area, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1619, Document: v, 66 p.; 2 Plates: 19 x 13 inches and 15.5 x 13.5 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1619E.","productDescription":"Document: v, 66 p.; 2 Plates: 19 x 13 inches and 15.5 x 13.5 inches","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":29450,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1619e/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":139080,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1619e/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":29451,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1619e/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":29449,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1619e/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","city":"Alma","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -84.67729568481445,\n              43.36450174266976\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.67729568481445,\n              43.39313609017517\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.6269130706787,\n              43.39313609017517\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.6269130706787,\n              43.36450174266976\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.67729568481445,\n              43.36450174266976\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d5ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vanlier, Kenneth E.","contributorId":47351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vanlier","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":2695,"text":"wsp1619AA - 1963 - Ground-water conditions in the Fernley-Wadsworth area, Churchill, Lyon, Storey and Washoe Counties, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-11T21:52:18.590594","indexId":"wsp1619AA","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1619","chapter":"AA","title":"Ground-water conditions in the Fernley-Wadsworth area, Churchill, Lyon, Storey and Washoe Counties, Nevada","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp1619AA","usgsCitation":"Sinclair, W.C., and Loeltz, O.J., 1963, Ground-water conditions in the Fernley-Wadsworth area, Churchill, Lyon, Storey and Washoe Counties, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1619, Report: iii, 22 p.;  1 Plate: 26.00 x 24.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1619AA.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 22 p.;  1 Plate: 26.00 x 24.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":424354,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_24813.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":29052,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1619aa/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":29053,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1619aa/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":138835,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1619aa/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Churchill County, Lyon County, Storey County, Washoe County","otherGeospatial":"Fernley-Wadsworth area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.34,\n              39.666\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.34,\n              39.52\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.116,\n              39.52\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.116,\n              39.666\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.34,\n              39.666\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66dc46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sinclair, William C.","contributorId":14798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sinclair","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loeltz, Omar J.","contributorId":86312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loeltz","given":"Omar","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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