Human activities and climate change threaten coldwater organisms in freshwater ecosystems by causing rivers and streams to warm, increasing the intensity and frequency of warm temperature events, and reducing thermal heterogeneity. Cold-water refuges are discrete patches of relatively cool water that are used by coldwater organisms for thermal relief and short-term survival. Globally, cohesive management approaches are needed that consider interlinked physical, biological, and social factors of cold-water refuges. We review current understanding of cold-water refuges, identify gaps between science and management, and evaluate policies aimed at protecting thermally sensitive species. Existing policies include designating cold-water habitats, restricting fishing during warm periods, and implementing threshold temperature standards or guidelines. However, these policies are rare and uncoordinated across spatial scales and often do not consider input from Indigenous peoples. We propose that cold-water refuges be managed as distinct operational landscape units, which provide a social and ecological context that is relevant at the watershed scale. These operational landscape units provide the foundation for an integrated framework that links science and management by (1) mapping and characterizing cold-water refuges to prioritize management and conservation actions, (2) leveraging existing and new policies, (3) improving coordination across jurisdictions, and (4) implementing adaptive management practices across scales. Our findings show that while there are many opportunities for scientific advancement, the current state of the sciences is sufficient to inform policy and management. Our proposed framework provides a path forward for managing and protecting cold-water refuges using existing and new policies to protect coldwater organisms in the face of global change.
Urban stormwater runoff frequently contains the car tire transformation product 6PPD-quinone, which is highly toxic to juvenile and adult coho salmon (Onchorychus kisutch). However, it is currently unclear if embryonic stages are impacted. We addressed this by exposing developing coho salmon embryos starting at the eyed stage to three concentrations of 6PPD-quinone twice weekly until hatch. Impacts on survival and growth were assessed. Further, whole-transcriptome sequencing was performed on recently hatched alevin to address the potential mechanism of 6PPD-quinone-induced toxicity. Acute mortality was not elicited in developing coho salmon embryos at environmentally measured concentrations lethal to juveniles and adults, however, growth was inhibited. Immediately after hatching, coho salmon were sensitive to 6PPD-quinone mortality, implicating a large window of juvenile vulnerability prior to smoltification. Molecularly, 6PPD-quinone induced dose-dependent effects that implicated broad dysregulation of genomic pathways governing cell–cell contacts and endothelial permeability. These pathways are consistent with previous observations of macromolecule accumulation in the brains of coho salmon exposed to 6PPD-quinone, implicating blood–brain barrier disruption as a potential pathway for toxicity. Overall, our data suggests that developing coho salmon exposed to 6PPD-quinone are at risk for adverse health events upon hatching while indicating potential mechanism(s) of action for this highly toxic chemical.
New geophysical profiles across the central Dead Sea Transform (DST) near the Sea of Galilee, Israel, and surrounding highlands, augmented by static stress modeling, allow us to study continental transform plate deformation. The DST separates a ∼10 km thick sedimentary column above a thinned (16–23 km) crust to the west from a ∼7 km column above a ∼30-km thick crust to the east. Crustal thinning starts under the DST, as observed also farther south, indicating that the DST is indeed located along the boundary between the Arabian plate and its continental margin. Moho step here is gradual. The DST's eastern shoulder dips westward toward the DST unlike the upward flexed shoulder observed farther south, perhaps delineating the northern limit of a thinner and hotter lithosphere. The shape of the Sea of Galilee is modeled as an asymmetric pull-apart basin formed by a left-lateral stepover of 2.6 km between slightly divergent and underlapping strike-slip fault strands dipping 70° to the west. Reflection data indicate that these strands are not connected. Several fault traces within the Sea of Galilee have previously been suggested to carry part of the relative plate motion. However, given slip along the main DST faults, Coulomb stress will increase only on fault portions in the northern part of the lake, in accord with the geographical distribution of seismicity, suggesting that these faults are likely secondary. Mismatch between the DST strand locations in the geophysical profiles and the subsidence model, may reflect temporal changes in fault geometry.
To determine the most relevant climatic and economic factors driving water demand for Providence, Rhode Island, and to further the understanding of human interactions with water availability, linear regression models were developed to estimate single-family and multifamily residential, commercial, and industrial water demand for the service area of Providence Water for 2014–21. Monthly water use delivery data were provided by Providence Water. An array of climatic and economic data, the drought index, and binary variables to represent seasonal water use and the onset of the coronavirus (COVID–19) were investigated as possible explanatory variables for the water demand models. The water demand model with the best fit with the least amount of error was the single-family residential water demand followed in descending order of accuracy by the commercial, multifamily residential, and industrial water demand. Seasonal variables were significant in all models, and the COVID–19 binary variable was significant in the commercial and industrial models. One or two economic variables were significant in all models and one climatic variable was significant in all models except the commercial model.
Overall residential, commercial, and industrial water demand in the Providence, Rhode Island, service area has decreased during the study period most likely because of widescale drought conditions and policies designed to improve water efficiencies. The linear regression models developed for single-family and multifamily residential, commercial, and industrial water use explained 94, 85, 91, and 77 percent, respectively, of the variability in monthly water use. Multifamily residential water demand displayed a less distinct seasonal trend than that observed for single-family residential customers, likely because multifamily homes tend to use less water outdoors. The commercial water-demand model included no climatic variables, one economic variable, the COVID–19 pandemic variable, and the high and low water use seasonal variables—the latter two variables indicating the importance of seasonal fluctuations in water use. The COVID–19 pandemic and a concomitant State executive order had the immediate effect of severely reducing commercial water use. The industrial water-demand model did not perform as well as the other models because industrial water delivery data display a greater range of values, both seasonally and for the overall study period.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20235057","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Rhode Island Water Resources Board","usgsCitation":"Stagnitta, T.J., and Medalie, L., 2023, Assessment of factors that influence human water demand for Providence, Rhode Island: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2023–5057, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235057.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 18 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-142026","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":419046,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5057/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":500938,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_114971.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":419051,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P91H5QOY","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data for regression models to estimate water use in Providence, Rhode Island, 2014–2021"},{"id":419050,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5057/images/"},{"id":419049,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5057/sir20235057.XML"},{"id":419048,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20235057/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 20023-5057"},{"id":419047,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5057/sir20235057.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.81 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 20023-5057"}],"country":"United States","state":"Rhode Island","city":"Providence","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.496115199193,\n 41.87371310909353\n ],\n [\n -71.496115199193,\n 41.785379633702576\n ],\n [\n -71.37573267926174,\n 41.785379633702576\n ],\n [\n -71.37573267926174,\n 41.87371310909353\n ],\n [\n -71.496115199193,\n 41.87371310909353\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New England Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
10 Bearfoot Road
Northborough, MA 01532
A telemetry study was conducted during March–October 2022 to evaluate behavior and movement patterns of adult smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) in the forebay of Bonneville Dam, on the Columbia River in Washington and Oregon. This study was a follow-up to a previous study conducted at the site during August–December 2020. In 2022, a total of 41 smallmouth bass were collected, tagged, and released during March–May in three distinct areas of the dam forebay and monitored until late-October. Movement data from 39 tagged smallmouth bass were used in behavior analyses with an average detection duration (elapsed time from release to last detection) of 121.5 days. Most tagged smallmouth bass had site fidelity while present in the forebay of Bonneville Dam, primarily remaining within their zone of release, or moving into nearby adjacent zones. Although site fidelity was common during the study, we found that some tagged smallmouth bass left the forebay of Bonneville Dam and moved substantial distances upstream or downstream. Thirty-six percent of the tagged smallmouth bass were detected at least 8 kilometers upstream or downstream from the Bonneville Dam at some point during the study period (several of these fish eventually returned to the forebay), and 10 percent of the tagged fish were detected at sites located 24 river kilometers upstream or downstream from the dam. Results from this study build upon previous data collected during 2020 and provide new insights into behavior patterns of smallmouth bass collected and tagged in the Bonneville Dam forebay.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20231046","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Kock, T.J., and Hansen, G.S., 2023, Behavior and movement of smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) near Bonneville Dam, Columbia River, Washington and Oregon, March–October 2022: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2023–1046, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20231046.","productDescription":"vii, 14 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-150147","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":419025,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20231046/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 2023-1046"},{"id":419024,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1046/ofr20231046.pdf","text":"Report","size":"16.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2023-1046"},{"id":419023,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1046/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":419027,"rank":5,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1046/ofr20231046.XML"},{"id":419026,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1046/images"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Bonneville Dam","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.98471940891719,\n 45.66526448575243\n ],\n [\n -121.98471940891719,\n 45.62085268028778\n ],\n [\n -121.90466791018856,\n 45.62085268028778\n ],\n [\n -121.90466791018856,\n 45.66526448575243\n ],\n [\n -121.98471940891719,\n 45.66526448575243\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Western Fisheries Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6505 NE 65th Street
Seattle, Washington 98115-5016
The Poso Creek Oil Field is one of the many fields selected for regional groundwater mapping and monitoring by the California State Water Resources Control Board as part of the Oil and Gas Regional Monitoring Program (RMP; California State Water Resources Control Board, 2015, 2022b; U.S. Geological Survey, 2022a). The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board, is evaluating several questions about oil and gas development and groundwater resources in California, including (1) the location of groundwater resources; (2) the proximity of oil and gas operations to groundwater and the geologic materials between them; (3) evidence (or no evidence) of fluids from oil and gas sources in groundwater; and (4) the pathways or processes responsible when fluids from oil and gas sources are present in groundwater (U.S. Geological Survey, 2022a). As part of this evaluation, the USGS installed a multiple-well monitoring site within the administrative boundary of the Poso Creek Oil Field about 12 miles north of Bakersfield, California (fig. 1). Data collected at the Poso Creek multiple-well monitoring site (PCCT) provide information about the geology, hydrology, geophysical properties, and water quality of the aquifer system overlying the oil-bearing zone, thus enhancing understanding of relations between adjacent groundwater and the Poso Creek Oil Field in an area where groundwater data are limited, particularly at different depths in the aquifer. This report presents construction information for the PCCT and initial geohydrologic data collected from the site. Similar sites installed on the east side of the Lost Hills Oil Field and North and South Belridge Oil Fields were described by Everett and others (2020a, b).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20231047","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Everett, R.R., McMahon, P.B., Stephens, M.J., Gillespie, J.M., Shepherd, M.M., and Fenton, N.C., 2023, Multiple-well monitoring site within the Poso Creek Oil Field, Kern County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2023-1047, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20231047.","productDescription":"11 p.","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-143467","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499783,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_114968.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":418877,"rank":5,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/preview/ofr20231047/full"},{"id":418876,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1047/images"},{"id":418875,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1047/ofr20231047.xml"},{"id":418874,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1047/ofr20231047.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":418873,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1047/covrthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Kern County","otherGeospatial":"Poso Creek Oil Field","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.02751948230053,\n 35.55715768005527\n ],\n [\n -119.02751948230053,\n 35.37156425616723\n ],\n [\n -118.8051417495576,\n 35.37156425616723\n ],\n [\n -118.8051417495576,\n 35.55715768005527\n ],\n [\n -119.02751948230053,\n 35.55715768005527\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director,
California Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, California 95819
Beginning in September 2010, the U.S. Geological Survey installed continuous water-quality monitors at several streamgages across Indiana as part of a network of supergages to meet cooperator information needs. Two types (or models) of water-quality monitors deployed at each site measured and recorded water temperature, dissolved oxygen, specific conductance, pH, and turbidity every 15 minutes during the study period. Associated discrete water samples were collected at regular intervals and analyzed for concentrations of suspended sediment and total phosphorus. Surrogate regression models were developed between the continuously measured turbidity values and turbidity values in the associated samples to compute continuous concentrations and loads of suspended sediment and total phosphorus. Starting in November 2018, the original extended deployment system monitors were replaced with the newest model of multiparameter water-quality monitors and were equipped with turbidity smart sensors because the older monitors were phased out of production. The updated monitor and smart sensor yield different but relatable turbidity values.
Turbidity data collected concurrently by the two sensors from November 2018 to December 2021 were compared and analyzed to quantify the relation between them at six supergage sites in northwestern Indiana and one site in the town of Zionsville in central Indiana. Ordinary least squares regression was used to calculate site-specific conversion factors so that turbidity data from the newer monitors can be used in published surrogate models based on the older monitor data. Regression analyses explained approximately 98 percent of the variation in turbidity readings between the two sensors. From these analyses, conversion factors were developed that may be applied to older turbidity readings to calculate near real-time concentrations of phosphorus and suspended sediment.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20235077","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Indiana Department of Environmental Management, Iroquois River Conservancy District, Kankakee River Basin and Yellow River Basin Development Commission, and the Town of Zionsville","usgsCitation":"Messner, M.L., Perkins, M.K., and Bunch, A.R., 2023, Comparison of turbidity sensors at U.S. Geological Survey supergages in Indiana from November 2018 to December 2021: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2023–5077, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235077.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 13 p.; Dataset","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-129902","costCenters":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501040,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_114970.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":419012,"rank":6,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"USGS National Water Information System","linkHelpText":"- U.S. Geological Survey water data for the nation"},{"id":419011,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5077/images/"},{"id":419010,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5077/sir20235077.XML"},{"id":419009,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20235077/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2023-5077"},{"id":419008,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5077/sir20235077.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.45 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2023-5077"},{"id":419007,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5077/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","otherGeospatial":"Kankakee River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.47825888394271,\n 41.7055943665263\n ],\n [\n -87.47825888394271,\n 40.75718260396678\n ],\n [\n -86.31031406433961,\n 40.75718260396678\n ],\n [\n -86.31031406433961,\n 41.7055943665263\n ],\n [\n -87.47825888394271,\n 41.7055943665263\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
5957 Lakeside Blvd.
Indianapolis, IN 46278
Ecological interactions among species often lead to parasitic lineages coevolving with host resources, which is often suggested as the primary driver of parasite diversification. Freshwater mussels are bivalves that possess a parasitic life cycle requiring larval encystment on freshwater vertebrates to complete metamorphosis. The North American freshwater mussel tribe Quadrulini has a suite of life history adaptations including highly specialized patterns of host use, infection strategies, and variable larval morphologies. However, the evolution of life histories has yet to be explored using phylogenetic comparative methods. In this study, we use a holistic approach incorporating biogeographical, ecological, molecular, and morphological datasets to reconstruct the evolution of Quadrulini. Comparative phylogenetic analyses suggested the diversification of Quadrulini has been driven, at least in part, by codiversification with their primary host fishes in Ictaluridae. Major diversification events in both ictalurids and quadrulines were estimated to have occurred in the Mississippi River basin throughout the Miocene. Life history characteristics associated with parasitism were supported to have coevolved with host repertories, supporting the hypothesis that ecological interactions with host fishes have shaped the evolution of highly specialized traits in this group. Our findings demonstrate the importance of ecological interactions with host resources in shaping the evolutionary history of freshwater mussels.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Systematic Biologists","doi":"10.18061/bssb.v2i1.8998","usgsCitation":"Neemuchwala, S., Johnson, N., Pfeiffer, J., Lopes-Lima, M., Gomes-dos-Santos, A., Froufe, E., Hillis, D.M., and Smith, C.H., 2023, Coevolution with host fishes shapes parasitic life histories in a group of freshwater mussels (Unionidae: Quadrulini): Bulletin of the Society of Systematic Biologists, v. 2, no. 1, 8998, 25 p.; Data Release, https://doi.org/10.18061/bssb.v2i1.8998.","productDescription":"8998, 25 p.; Data Release","ipdsId":"IP-141233","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442731,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.18061/bssb.v2i1.8998","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":419392,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":419597,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9OEDFC3","text":"Molecular data and results needed to better understand codiversification of freshwater mussels (Unionidae: Quadrulini) and their parasitic larval hosts"}],"volume":"2","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neemuchwala, Sakina","contributorId":317738,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neemuchwala","given":"Sakina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36422,"text":"University of Texas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Nathan 0000-0001-5167-1988","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5167-1988","contributorId":216876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Nathan","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":879208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pfeiffer, John M.","contributorId":202521,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pfeiffer","given":"John M.","affiliations":[{"id":36469,"text":"Florida Museum of Natural History","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lopes-Lima, Manuel","contributorId":213286,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lopes-Lima","given":"Manuel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":879210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gomes-dos-Santos, Andre","contributorId":317739,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gomes-dos-Santos","given":"Andre","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":69139,"text":"University of Porto","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Froufe, Elsa","contributorId":213253,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Froufe","given":"Elsa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":879212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hillis, David M.","contributorId":317740,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hillis","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36422,"text":"University of Texas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Smith, Chase H. 0000-0002-1499-0311","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1499-0311","contributorId":225140,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Chase","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":13716,"text":"Baylor University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70249843,"text":"70249843 - 2023 - New insights into the relationship between mass eruption rate and volcanic column height based on the IVESPA dataset","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-16T22:23:08.941426","indexId":"70249843","displayToPublicDate":"2023-07-18T09:23:11","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New insights into the relationship between mass eruption rate and volcanic column height based on the IVESPA dataset","docAbstract":"Rapid and simple estimation of the mass eruption rate (MER) from column height is essential for real-time volcanic hazard management and reconstruction of past explosive eruptions. Using 134 eruptive events from the new Independent Volcanic Eruption Source Parameter Archive (IVESPA, v1.0), we explore empirical MER-height relationships for four measures of column height: spreading level, sulfur dioxide height, and top height from direct observations and as reconstructed from deposits. These relationships show significant differences and highlight limitations of empirical models currently used in operational and research applications. The roles of atmospheric stratification, wind, and humidity remain challenging to detect across the wide range of eruptive conditions spanned in IVESPA, ultimately resulting in empirical relationships outperforming analytical models that account for atmospheric conditions. This finding highlights challenges in constraining the MER-height relation using heterogeneous observations and empirical models, which reinforces the need for improved eruption source parameter data sets and physics-based models.
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In 2017, the latest science, data, and modeling tools were used to develop revised Watershed Implementation Plans (WIPs). In this article, we examine the vulnerability of the Chesapeake Bay watershed to the combined pressures of climate change and growth in population, agricultural intensity, and economic activity for the 60-year period 1995–2055. The results will be used to revise WIPs, as needed, to account for expected increases in loads. Assessing changes relative to 1995 for the years 2025, 2035, 2045, and 2055, mean annual precipitation increases of 3.11%, 4.21%, 5.34%, and 6.91%, respectively, air temperature increases of 1.12, 1.45, 1.84, and 2.12°C, respectively, and potential evapotranspiration increases of 3.36%, 4.43%, 5.54%, and 6.35%, respectively, are projected. Population in the watershed is expected to grow by 3.5 million between 2025 and 2055. Watershed model results show incremental increases in streamflow (2.3%–6.2%), nitrogen (2.6%–10.8%), phosphorus (4.5%–26.7%), and sediment (3.8%–18.8%) loads to the tidal Bay due to climate change. Growth in population, agricultural intensity, development, and economic activity resulted in relatively smaller increases in loads compared to climate change.
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Isabella","contributorId":194574,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bertani","given":"Isabella","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":33091,"text":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":880055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tian, Richard 0000-0002-9416-8669","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9416-8669","contributorId":261309,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tian","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52807,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Chesapeake Bay Program","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":880056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rigelman, Jessica","contributorId":267328,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rigelman","given":"Jessica","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":880057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hinson, Kyle E. 0000-0002-2737-2379","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2737-2379","contributorId":306024,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hinson","given":"Kyle","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6708,"text":"Virginia Institute of Marine Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":880058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Claggett, Peter 0000-0002-5335-2857","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5335-2857","contributorId":238920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Claggett","given":"Peter","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":880059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70248826,"text":"70248826 - 2023 - Current and future sinkhole susceptibility in karst and pseudokarst areas of the conterminous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-22T13:52:11.321375","indexId":"70248826","displayToPublicDate":"2023-07-18T08:49:29","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5232,"text":"Frontiers in Earth Science","onlineIssn":"2296-6463","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Current and future sinkhole susceptibility in karst and pseudokarst areas of the conterminous United States","docAbstract":"Sinkholes in karst and pseudokarst regions threaten infrastructure, property, and lives. We mapped closed depressions in karst and pseudokarst regions of the conterminous United States (U.S.) from 10-m-resolution elevation data using high-performance computing, and then created a heuristic additive model of sinkhole susceptibility that also included nationally consistent data for factors related to geology, soils, precipitation extremes, and development. Maps identify potential sinkhole hotspots based on current conditions and projections for 50 years into the future (the years 2070–2079) based on climate change and urban development scenarios. Areas characterized as having either high or very high sinkhole susceptibility contain 94%–99% of known or probable sinkhole locations from three U.S. state databases. States and counties with the highest amounts and percentages of land in zones of highest sinkhole susceptibility are identified. Projected changes in extreme precipitation and development did not substantially change current hotspots of highest sinkhole susceptibility. Results provide a uniform index of sinkhole potential that can support national planning, instead of existing assessments produced through various methods within individual states or smaller areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media","doi":"10.3389/feart.2023.1207689","usgsCitation":"Wood, N.J., Doctor, D.H., Alder, J.R., and Jones, J.M., 2023, Current and future sinkhole susceptibility in karst and pseudokarst areas of the conterminous United States: Frontiers in Earth Science, v. 11, 1207689, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2023.1207689.","productDescription":"1207689, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-143024","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442742,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2023.1207689","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435253,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P97YWD2D","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Geospatial files and tabular exposure estimates of sinkhole susceptibility for counties in the conterminous United States for current conditions and 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jalder@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2378-2853","contributorId":5118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alder","given":"Jay","email":"jalder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":883805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jones, Jeanne M. 0000-0001-7549-9270 jmjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7549-9270","contributorId":4676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Jeanne","email":"jmjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":883806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70247702,"text":"70247702 - 2023 - What is “big data” and how should we use it? The role of large datasets, secondary data, and associated analysis techniques in outdoor recreation research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-05T11:57:12.531833","indexId":"70247702","displayToPublicDate":"2023-07-18T07:27:40","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5520,"text":"Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"What is “big data” and how should we use it? The role of large datasets, secondary data, and associated analysis techniques in outdoor recreation research","docAbstract":"With researchers increasingly interested in big data research, this conceptual paper describes how large datasets, secondary data, and associated analysis techniques can be used to understand outdoor recreation. Some types of large, secondary datasets that have been increasingly used in outdoor recreation research include social media, mobile device data, and trip reports or online reviews. First, we give a brief overview of big data terms and outline the steps involved in conducting big data research. In doing so, we describe data sources and analysis techniques relevant for outdoor recreation, and review how they have been applied in previous published works. We then describe opportunities, limitations, and considerations of using big data. Finally, we outline several questions researchers may consider when designing, conducting, reporting, and reviewing outdoor recreation research using big data. Overall, big data approaches can expand our understanding of outdoor recreation and, by addressing key questions, may help researchers harness the strengths of big data while ensuring quality and integrity.
We compared three methods of boat driving and pedal operation using 600-s transects: these were the parallel continuous (PC), parallel intermittent (PI), and arc-intermittent (AI) methods for surveying warmwater fishes in reservoirs. We tested differences in total time and distance per transect, CPUE (fish/h, fish/m), and length frequencies of captured fish among methods. The PC method took the least amount of time, while the AI method took the least amount of distance to complete a transect. The AI method provided slightly higher CPUE (fish/h, fish/m) for Bluegill Lepomis macrochirus and Yellow Bass Morone mississippiensis and higher CPUE (fish/m) for Common Carp Cyprinus carpio, Green Sunfish L. cyanellus, and Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides. Each method caught similar size ranges of fish; however, there were slight differences in proportions of sizes for Gizzard Shad Dorosoma cepedianum, Largemouth Bass, and Bluegill. Overall, the AI method performed slightly better for a few species; however, difference in the methods were minor. Any technique should work well for monitoring reservoir fish populations when fish/h is the effort metric.
The iconic and threatened Caribbean coral, Acropora palmata, is an essential reef-ecosystem engineer. Understanding the processes underpinning this coral’s survival and growth is essential to restoring this foundational species. Here, we compared replicate A. palmata colonies transplanted along 350 km of Florida’s offshore coral reef to determine holobiont and/or environmental variables that predict transplant success. We found a west-to-east gradient in coral physiology coupled with site-specific coral-associated microbiomes. Interestingly, no variables were linked to coral genet. Our results suggest that the unique oceanographic conditions with periodic upwelling events in the Dry Tortugas provide corals with greater opportunity for heterotrophy that in turn enhances coral growth and survivorship, and positively influences the microbiome. Our findings indicate that restoration efforts in the Dry Tortugas, and other places exhibiting higher food availability, could be most effective for A. palmata.
Sex ratio is a key demographic characteristic indicative of the condition of populations. Despite over 70 yr of study, researchers have not fully evaluated morphological characteristics that differentiate sex in Jemez Mountains Salamanders (Plethodon neomexicanus; federally endangered). Populations of this endemic salamander, which are distributed in north-central New Mexico, have undergone declines in the past two decades. We assessed morphological characters of 160 preserved P. neomexicanus specimens, evaluated our ability to infer sex in the field, and tested our ability to determine sex on a subset of preserved specimens. In preserved salamanders with body length (i.e., postcloaca snout–vent length, SVLp) ≥ 55 mm, females exhibited greater total length, trunk length, tail length, and cloaca length, and males exhibited greater precloacal tail width, head length, head width, and head height. We documented weakly female-biased size dimorphism. Females with SVLp ≥ 52 mm had cloacal rugae, whereas males with SVLp ≥ 51 mm had distinct papillose tissue in the cloaca and a cloacal cleft. In an evaluation of 30 preserved specimens, we correctly inferred sex in 97% of salamanders by cloacal characters alone. Of 29 adult salamanders captured in the field, we confidently inferred the sex of 27 individuals (16 females, 11 males) with SVL ≥ 44 mm. Thus, sex of most individuals can be correctly inferred in the field by cloacal characters. This information will aid researchers in better understanding population trajectories of this endangered species.
Reducing the potential for loss of life from local tsunamis is challenging for emergency managers given the need for self-protective behavior of at-risk individuals within brief windows of time to evacuate. There has been considerable attention paid to discussing the use of tsunami vertical-evacuation structures for areas where there may be insufficient time to evacuate. This strategy may not be feasible or needed for at-risk populations in island communities for multiple reasons. We examine the influence of three non-structural interventions (reducing departure delays, increasing travel speeds, and managing vegetation to create new paths) that may improve the evacuation potential for at-risk individuals in island communities and use the United States territory of Guam as our case study. We model pedestrian travel times out of a modeled inundation zone for a local tsunami generated by a Mw 8.3 earthquake within the Mariana subduction zone. Evacuation-modeling results indicate that reducing departure delays has a larger impact than increasing travel speeds or creating evacuation corridors through heavy brush on reducing the number of at-risk individuals with insufficient time to evacuate. Travel times to safety are less than wave-arrival times for almost all at-risk individuals in the tsunami-hazard zone if one assumes all three interventions are implemented.
Increasingly frequent megafires are dramatically altering landscapes and critical habitats around the world. Across the western United States, megafires have become an almost annual occurrence, but the implication of these fires for the conservation of native wildlife remains relatively unknown. Woodland savannas are among the world's most biodiverse ecosystems and provide important food and structural resources to a variety of wildlife, but they are threatened by megafires. Despite this, the great majority of fire impact studies have only been conducted in coniferous forests. Understanding the resistance and resilience of wildlife assemblages following these extreme perturbations can help inform future management interventions that limit biodiversity loss due to megafire. We assessed the resistance of a woodland savanna mammal community to the short-term impacts of megafire using camera trap data collected before, during, and after the fire. Specifically, we utilized a 5-year camera trap data set (2016–2020) from the Hopland Research and Extension Center to examine the impacts of the 2018 Mendocino Complex Fire, California's largest recorded wildfire at the time, on the distributions of eight observed mammal species. We used a multispecies occupancy model to quantify the effects of megafire on species' space use, to assess the impact on species size and diet groups, and to create robust estimates of fire's impacts on species diversity across space and time. Megafire had a negative effect on the detection of certain mammal species, but overall, most species showed high resistance to the disturbance and returned to detection and site use levels comparable to unburned sites by the end of the study period. Following megafire, species richness was higher in burned areas that retained higher canopy cover relative to unburned and burned sites with low canopy cover. Fire management that prevents large-scale canopy loss is critical to providing refugia for vulnerable species immediately following fire in oak woodlands, and likely other mixed-forest landscapes.
On May 25, 2014, a 54.5-million cubic meter rock avalanche in the West Salt Creek valley, Mesa County, Colorado, traveled 4.6 kilometers, leaving a deposit that covers about 2.2 square kilometers. To check the particle-size distribution of the deposit for information about the high mobility of the avalanche, we estimated boulder distribution density for the entire deposit by counting 1-meter (m) or larger diameter boulders of sedimentary rock derived from the Green River Formation that are visible in high-resolution imagery collected from the area in July 2014. Basalt boulders were excluded from the count because field observations indicated that they generally stayed intact as the avalanche moved downslope, whereas sedimentary boulders showed evidence of fragmentation during downslope movement. Variable clarity, contrast, and resolution of the imagery precluded mapping smaller boulders. Experimentation with 5-, 10-, and 20-m resolution grids indicated that a 20-m resolution grid showed the spatial pattern of boulder density across the deposit at a scale that allowed statistically meaningful variations to be determined. In addition to counting the boulders in each 20×20-m grid cell, six categories of successively increasing boulder distribution density were created to help visualize variations in the distribution of 1 meter or larger boulders across the avalanche deposit. Analysis indicates that boulder distribution density gradually decreases with increasing distance from the avalanche source.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/dr1178","usgsCitation":"Lewis, A.C., Baum, R.L., and Coe, J.A., 2023, Distribution of large boulders on the deposit of the West Salt Creek rock avalanche, western Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Data Report 1178, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/dr1178.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 6 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-139567","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":418867,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dr/1178/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":418869,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9MWDI9P","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Distribution of large boulders on the deposit of the West Salt Creek rock avalanche, western Colorado"},{"id":418983,"rank":5,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dr/1178/dr1178.xml"},{"id":418982,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dr/1178/images"},{"id":418868,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dr/1178/dr1178.pdf","text":"Report","size":"33.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DR 1178"},{"id":419151,"rank":6,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/dr1178/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"DR 1178"},{"id":499553,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_114967.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.55,\n 39.12\n ],\n [\n -107.55,\n 39.08\n ],\n [\n -107.50,\n 39.08\n ],\n [\n -107.50,\n 39.12\n ],\n [\n -107.55,\n 39.12\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Geologic Hazards Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, Mail Stop 966
Denver, CO 80225
This report provides analysis to extend the 2040 forecasts of polar bear (Ursus maritimus) land use for the southern Beaufort and Chukchi Sea populations presented in a recent publication (Rode and others, 2022) through the year 2065. To inform long-term polar bear management considerations, we provide point-estimate forecasts and 95-percent prediction intervals of the proportion of polar bear populations summering onshore for 21 days or more (≥) and their duration onshore every 5 years from 2040 to 2065. Because sea-ice projections based on earth system models show greater divergence with emission scenarios after 2040, we have provided forecasts for three greenhouse gas emission scenarios, SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5, compared to the two emission scenarios used in Rode and others (2022). Our forecasting methods estimated that 61–97 percent of polar bears in the southern Beaufort Sea and 80–100 percent of polar bears in the Chukchi Sea populations may summer onshore for ≥21 days by 2065. Forecasts of mean duration onshore were 105–158 days for polar bears in the southern Beaufort Sea and 111–178 days in the Chukchi Sea populations by 2065. Sea ice conditions projected to occur by 2065 could alter the current patterns of bear behavior from what has been observed over the past 30 years. As a result, these extended projections are associated with a higher degree of uncertainty than estimates through 2040, especially under the SSP5-8.5 scenario.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20231048","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Rode, K.D., Douglas, D.C., Atwood, T.C., and Wilson, R.R., Forecasts of polar bear (Ursus maritimus) land use in the southern Beaufort and Chukchi Seas, 2040–65: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2023–1048, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20231048.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 7 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-148069","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":418953,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20211048/full"},{"id":418955,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1048/images"},{"id":418954,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1048/ofr20231048.xml"},{"id":418956,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9XEOBWV","text":"Polar bear Continuous Time-Correlated Random Walk (CTCRW) location data derived from satellite location data, Chukchi and Beaufort Seas, July-November 1985-2017","description":"Rode, K. D., Douglas, D. C., Atwood, T. C., Durner, G. M., Wilson, R. R., Bromaghin, J. F., Pagano, A. M. and Simac, K. S., 2022, Polar bear Continuous Time-Correlated Random Walk (CTCRW) location data derived from satellite location data, Chukchi and Beaufort Seas, July-November 1985-2017: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9XEOBWV."},{"id":418951,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1048/covrthb.jpg"},{"id":418952,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1048/ofr20231048.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"contact":"Director,
Alaska Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
4210 University Drive
Anchorage, Alaska 99508
Steep landscapes evolve largely by debris flows, in addition to fluvial and hillslope processes. Abundant field observations document that debris flows incise valley bottoms and transport substantial sediment volumes, yet their contributions to steepland morphology remain uncertain. This has, in turn, limited the development of debris-flow incision rate formulations that produce morphology consistent with natural landscapes. In many landscapes, including the San Gabriel Mountains (SGM), California, steady-state fluvial channel longitudinal profiles are concave-up and exhibit a power-law relationship between channel slope and drainage area. At low drainage areas, however, valley slopes become nearly constant. These topographic forms result in a characteristically curved slope-area signature in log-log space. Here, we use a one-dimensional landform evolution model that incorporates debris-flow erosion to reproduce the relationship between this curved slope-area signature and erosion rate in the SGM. Topographic analysis indicates that the drainage area at which steepland valleys transition to fluvial channels correlates with measured erosion rates in the SGM, and our model results reproduce these relationships. Further, the model only produces realistic valley profiles when parameters that dictate the relationship between debris-flow erosion, valley-bottom slope, and debris-flow depth are within a narrow range. This result helps place constraints on the mathematical form of a debris-flow incision law. Finally, modeled fluvial incision outpaces debris-flow erosion at drainage areas less than those at which valleys morphologically transition from near-invariant slopes to concave profiles. This result emphasizes the critical role of debris-flow incision for setting steepland form, even as fluvial incision becomes the dominant incisional process.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2022JF007017","usgsCitation":"Struble, W., McGuire, L.A., McCoy, S., Barnhart, K.R., and Marc, O., 2023, Debris-flow process controls on steepland morphology in the San Gabriel Mountains, California: JGR Earth Surface, v. 128, no. 7, e2022JF007017, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JF007017.","productDescription":"e2022JF007017, 29 p.","ipdsId":"IP-147440","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442759,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2022jf007017","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":419301,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Gabriel Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.01260424279738,\n 34.14566760098988\n ],\n [\n -117.67000792883225,\n 34.147752407886856\n ],\n [\n -117.3853506973756,\n 34.19777233450243\n ],\n [\n -117.11076982809459,\n 34.09144456704166\n ],\n [\n -116.9344334900242,\n 33.94110717551865\n ],\n [\n -116.67244800052214,\n 33.974538472354965\n ],\n [\n -116.69511981541675,\n 34.30812790101858\n ],\n [\n -117.29718245539995,\n 34.32893347252433\n ],\n [\n -117.75313784383901,\n 34.445349311566275\n ],\n [\n -118.02268053203237,\n 34.51387565376443\n ],\n [\n -118.46855955829582,\n 34.40586922676006\n ],\n [\n -118.51390318808532,\n 34.34141433967626\n ],\n [\n -118.01260424279738,\n 34.14566760098988\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"128","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Struble, William 0000-0002-8163-5088","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8163-5088","contributorId":241913,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Struble","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":878951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGuire, Luke A. 0000-0001-8178-7922 lmcguire@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8178-7922","contributorId":203420,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGuire","given":"Luke","email":"lmcguire@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":878952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCoy, Scott W.","contributorId":267182,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCoy","given":"Scott W.","affiliations":[{"id":16686,"text":"University of Nevada, Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":878953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barnhart, Katherine R. 0000-0001-5682-455X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5682-455X","contributorId":257870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnhart","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":878954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Marc, Odin","contributorId":198732,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marc","given":"Odin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":878955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70246768,"text":"70246768 - 2023 - Prioritizing the risk and management of introduced species in a landscape with high indigenous biodiversity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-19T13:54:11.562487","indexId":"70246768","displayToPublicDate":"2023-07-14T08:52:22","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1092,"text":"Bulletin, Southern California Academy of Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prioritizing the risk and management of introduced species in a landscape with high indigenous biodiversity","docAbstract":"Risk analysis protocols for prioritizing the management of non-native species are numerous, yet few incorporate risk and management in the same analysis or accommodate a broad diversity of taxa outside of a specific geographic area. We adapted a protocol that accounts for these factors to address non-native animal species in the Southern California/Northern Baja California Coast Ecoregion near the international border in San Diego County, an area with high indigenous biodiversity and high numbers of species of conservation concern. This stepwise, semi-quantitative protocol is applicable to any animal group in any predefined geographic area, relies on consensus-building among taxonomic experts, and has been vetted through previous use and in peer-reviewed literature. Our results show that the final prioritization was driven mainly by management feasibility, with top-ranked species having multitrophic effects that favor other non-native invaders over native residents. Conditions within the assessment area required some modification to the protocol as it was originally designed, namely a shift in emphasis from eradication to control, given that eradication is implausible for most non-native species in the assessment area. We call attention to taxon-specific issues that surfaced during the analysis, identify areas for improvement in this first-ever risk assessment for invasive animal species in the Natural Communities Conservation Plan/Habitat Conservation Plan (NCCP/HCP) reserve system of San Diego County, and provide suggestions for further refinement of the protocol. This study builds on the effort to standardize risk analysis for invasive species globally, given that many of the same invaders present threats to indigenous biodiversity worldwide.
","language":"English","publisher":"Southern California Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.3160/0038-3872-122.2.101","usgsCitation":"Richmond, J.Q., Kingston, J., Ewing, B., Bear, W.M., Hathaway, S.A., Lee, C., Swift, C.C., Preston, K.L., Schultz, A.J., Kus, B., Russell, K., Unitt, P., Hollingsworth, B.D., Espinoza, R.E., Wall, M., Tremor, S., Palenscar, K., and Fisher, R., 2023, Prioritizing the risk and management of introduced species in a landscape with high indigenous biodiversity: Bulletin, Southern California Academy of Sciences, v. 122, no. 2, p. 101-121, https://doi.org/10.3160/0038-3872-122.2.101.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"101","endPage":"121","ipdsId":"IP-152994","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":419150,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Diego 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Accordingly, investments in habitat and population restoration for this species have increased throughout the Great Lakes. To aide evaluation of restoration efficacy, robust population parameters are needed to inform management decisions. The St. Clair – Detroit River System (SCDRS) contains one of the largest self-sustaining Lake Sturgeon populations in the Great Lakes; however recent estimates of population abundance and growth parameters have not been assessed. Our study used baited setline and mark-recapture data collected between 2001 – 2019 to estimate whether the number of Lake Sturgeon captured varied annually and/or with water temperature and whether population abundance and population growth rate varied among three sub-populations located in the SCDRS. Trends in the number of Lake Sturgeon captured on setlines varied among sub-populations and by life stage. Annual trends in the number of Lake Sturgeon captured remained consistent over time in the upper St. Clair River, decreased for adults and increased for subadults in the lower St. Clair River, and increased in the Detroit River. With sub-population abundance of 20,184 (95% CI = 12,533 – 27,816) in the upper St. Clair River/southern Lake Huron, 6,523 (95% CI = 5,720 – 7,327) in the lower St. Clair River, and 6,416 (95% CI = 4,065 – 8,767) in the Detroit River, our study confirms that the SCDRS contains the largest Lake Sturgeon population with unimpeded access to the Great Lakes. The geometric mean population growth rate (λ) for all sub-populations indicated stable populations and ranged from 1.00 – 1.16. Our study provides an updated assessment of Lake Sturgeon population parameters that serve as a baseline to evaluate habitat restoration efforts and inform management of the SCDRS recreational Lake Sturgeon fishery.
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