No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1688","usgsCitation":"Horton, J., Powars, D.S., and Gohn, G., 2005, Studies of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure: The USGS-NASA Langley corehole, Hampton, Virginia, and related coreholes and geophysical surveys (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1688, 467 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1688.","productDescription":"467 p.","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":6190,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/2005/1688/ak/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":402076,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_75563.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":90483,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1688/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":121027,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1688/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","city":"Hampton","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay impact structure","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.48956298828125,\n 36.87302936279296\n ],\n [\n -75.89630126953125,\n 36.87302936279296\n ],\n [\n -75.89630126953125,\n 37.35924242260126\n ],\n [\n -76.48956298828125,\n 37.35924242260126\n ],\n [\n -76.48956298828125,\n 36.87302936279296\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699e5a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Horton, J. Wright Jr. 0000-0001-6756-6365 whorton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6756-6365","contributorId":423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"J. Wright","suffix":"Jr.","email":"whorton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":281377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powars, David S. 0000-0002-6787-8964 dspowars@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6787-8964","contributorId":1181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powars","given":"David","email":"dspowars@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gohn, Gregory S.","contributorId":50155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gohn","given":"Gregory S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":69871,"text":"sir20045261 - 2005 - Modeling hydrodynamics, temperature, and water quality in Henry Hagg Lake, Oregon, 2000-03","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-13T15:15:46.277083","indexId":"sir20045261","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5261","title":"Modeling hydrodynamics, temperature, and water quality in Henry Hagg Lake, Oregon, 2000-03","docAbstract":"The two-dimensional model CE-QUAL-W2 was used to simulate hydrodynamics, temperature, and water quality in Henry Hagg Lake, Oregon, for the years 2000 through 2003. Input data included lake bathymetry, meteorologic conditions, tributary inflows, tributary temperature and water quality, and lake outflows. Calibrated constituents included lake hydrodynamics, water temperature, orthophosphate, total phosphorus, ammonia, algae, chlorophyll a, zooplankton, and dissolved oxygen. Other simulated constituents included nitrate, dissolved and particulate organic matter, dissolved solids, and suspended sediment. Two algal groups (blue-green algae, and all other algae) were included in the model to simulate the lake’s algal communities. Measured lake stage data were used to calibrate the lake's water balance; calibration of water temperature and water quality relied upon vertical profile data taken in the deepest part of the lake near the dam. The model initially was calibrated with data from 2000-01 and tested with data from 2002-03. Sensitivity tests were performed to examine the response of the model to specific parameters and coefficients, including the light-extinction coefficient, wind speed, tributary inflows of phosphorus, nitrogen and organic matter, sediment oxygen demand, algal growth rates, and zooplankton feeding preference factors.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20045261","usgsCitation":"Sullivan, A.B., and Rounds, S.A., 2005, Modeling hydrodynamics, temperature, and water quality in Henry Hagg Lake, Oregon, 2000-03: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5261, vi, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045261.","productDescription":"vi, 38 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":430140,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2004/5261/pdf/sir2004-5261.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":6207,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2004/5261/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":191922,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":430039,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_70975.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Henry Hagg Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.25116546101336,\n 45.50766155966309\n ],\n [\n -123.25116546101336,\n 45.46699844607198\n ],\n [\n -123.195483774092,\n 45.46699844607198\n ],\n [\n -123.195483774092,\n 45.50766155966309\n ],\n [\n -123.25116546101336,\n 45.50766155966309\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db69997d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sullivan, Annette B.","contributorId":27150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Annette","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rounds, Stewart A. 0000-0002-8540-2206 sarounds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8540-2206","contributorId":905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rounds","given":"Stewart","email":"sarounds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70209549,"text":"70209549 - 2005 - Isotopic dating of Meso- and Neoproterozoic mafic magmatism in the southern Tobacco Root Mountains, Southwestern Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-13T16:46:35.470721","indexId":"70209549","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-09T11:34:31","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3112,"text":"Precambrian Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Isotopic dating of Meso- and Neoproterozoic mafic magmatism in the southern Tobacco Root Mountains, Southwestern Montana","docAbstract":"New isotopic dating of mafic dikes in the southern Tobacco Root Mountains of southwestern Montana provides evidence for two distinct episodes of subparallel Proterozoic mafic magmatism separated by about 700 m.y. Previously published geochemical data from dikes in the southern Tobacco Root Mountains had identified three geochemical groups (termed groups A, B, and C) with apparent Rb–Sr ages of 1455 Ma (group A) and 1100–1120 Ma (groups B and C). Sm–Nd dating of a geochemical group A dike yields an age of 1448 ± 49 Ma that is interpreted to represent the emplacement age of the dikes. This age is similar to published U–Pb dates from mafic sills that intrude the nearby Mesoproterozoic Belt Supergroup and Laramide basement-cored uplifts of the Archean Wyoming Province. Paleomagnetic results from groups A and B dikes are similar, suggesting that the were emplaced at about the same time. We suggest that the mafic magmatism recorded by the southern Tobacco Root Mountains group A/C dikes at about 1450 Ma probably corresponds to continental extension that accompanied development of the Mesoproterozoic Belt Basin. U–Pb dating of baddeleyite from the group B dikes provides evidence for a younger magmatic event with an age of 782.4 ± 4.9 Ma (95% confidence; ±7.1 Ma incorporating uranium decay constant errors). This date is similar to isotopic dates from Neoproterozoic mafic dikes and sills exposed elsewhere in uplifts of the Rocky Mountain foreland and that intrude the Mesoproterozoic strata of the Belt Supergroup. Geochronologic data from elsewhere in the northern Cordillera and Canadian Shield indicate that the group B dikes in the southern Tobacco Root Mountains are part of a regional 780 Ma magmatic event that extended for more than 2400 km along the western margin of Laurentia. The origin of the magmatic event is not clear, but may be related to a mantle plume and crustal extension accompanying initial breakup of the supercontinent Rodinia and development of the proto-Pacific Ocean. No evidence of ca. 1100 Ma mafic magmatism in this part of the northern Cordillera was found.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.precamres.2004.10.008","usgsCitation":"Harlan, S.S., Premo, W.R., Unruh, D., and Geissman, J.W., 2005, Isotopic dating of Meso- and Neoproterozoic mafic magmatism in the southern Tobacco Root Mountains, Southwestern Montana: Precambrian Research, v. 136, no. 3-4, p. 269-281, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2004.10.008.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"269","endPage":"281","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":373918,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Tobacco Root Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.05529785156249,\n 44.731125592643274\n ],\n [\n -111.0498046875,\n 45.35021505925909\n ],\n [\n -110.5059814453125,\n 45.35600542155823\n ],\n [\n -110.53619384765625,\n 45.71385093029221\n ],\n [\n -111.851806640625,\n 45.66780526567164\n ],\n [\n -111.84906005859375,\n 44.77403648591521\n ],\n [\n -111.05529785156249,\n 44.731125592643274\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"136","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harlan, Stephen S.","contributorId":11208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harlan","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":786769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Premo, Wayne R. 0000-0001-9904-4801 wpremo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9904-4801","contributorId":1697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Premo","given":"Wayne","email":"wpremo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":786770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Unruh, D.","contributorId":89291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Unruh","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":786771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Geissman, J. W.","contributorId":105760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geissman","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":786772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70207730,"text":"70207730 - 2005 - Paleoceanographic history of the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California, during the past 15,000 years based on diatoms, silicoflagellates, and biogenic sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-08T12:43:01","indexId":"70207730","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-08T12:35:52","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2673,"text":"Marine Micropaleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleoceanographic history of the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California, during the past 15,000 years based on diatoms, silicoflagellates, and biogenic sediments","docAbstract":"High-resolution records of calcium carbonate, biogenic opal, diatoms, and silicoflagellates from western Guaymas Basin gravity core GGC55 and piston core JPC56 and eastern Guaymas Basin DSDP Site 480 reveal a complex paleoceanographic history of the central Gulf of California during the past 15,000 years. Prior to ∼ 6.2 ka, the eastern and western Guaymas Basin proxy records were remarkably similar. After conditions similar to those of today during the Bølling–Allerod, the Younger Dryas (YD) saw a major drop in diatom production, coincident with increased calcium carbonate and tropical microfossils suggestive of El Niño-like conditions. Biosiliceous productivity began increasing during the latter part of the YD, but it was only during the earliest Holocene (11.6 to 11.0 ka) that conditions similar to those of the Bølling–Allerod returned to the central Gulf. Between around 11.0 and 6.2 ka, tropical diatoms and silicoflagellates were virtually absent from the central Gulf, as relatively cooler and fresher surface waters resembling those of the modern northern Gulf were present in the central Gulf. Beginning at about 6.2 ka, tropical diatoms and silicoflagellates began increasing in the central Gulf, and coccoliths returned to western Gulf sediments. The onset of modern-day monsoon conditions in the American Southwest required the presence of warm SSTs in the northern Gulf, which probably did not occur until after about 5.4 ka, when tropical diatoms and silicoflagellates became relatively common in the central Gulf. Modern east–west contrasts, which arise from late winter–early spring coastal upwelling on the mainland side and lower diatom productivity on the western side of the Gulf, commenced between 6.2 and 5.4 ka, possibly due to a shift in the direction of late winter–early spring winds more towards the southeast, or down the axis of the Gulf. This proposed wind shift might have ultimately been due to a late Holocene strengthening of ENSO-like conditions in the eastern equatorial Pacific.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier B.V.","doi":"10.1016/j.marmicro.2005.04.001","usgsCitation":"Barron, J.A., Bukry, D., and Dean, W.E., 2005, Paleoceanographic history of the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California, during the past 15,000 years based on diatoms, silicoflagellates, and biogenic sediments: Marine Micropaleontology, v. 56, no. 3-4, p. 81-102, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2005.04.001.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"81","endPage":"102","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371060,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.697265625,\n 29.726222319395504\n ],\n [\n -113.291015625,\n 28.304380682962783\n ],\n [\n -111.68701171875,\n 29.171348850951507\n ],\n [\n -112.9833984375,\n 30.467614102257855\n ],\n [\n -114.697265625,\n 29.726222319395504\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barron, John A. 0000-0002-9309-1145 jbarron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9309-1145","contributorId":2222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barron","given":"John","email":"jbarron@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bukry, David 0000-0003-4540-890X dbukry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4540-890X","contributorId":3550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bukry","given":"David","email":"dbukry@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dean, Walter E. dean@usgs.gov","contributorId":1801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"Walter","email":"dean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70198852,"text":"70198852 - 2005 - Ground water to surface water: Chemistry of thermal outflows in Yellowstone National Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-20T18:55:10","indexId":"70198852","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T18:51:38","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Ground water to surface water: Chemistry of thermal outflows in Yellowstone National Park","docAbstract":"Geothermal waters in the earth’s subsurface boil with steam separation and may mix with dilute ground waters (that may or may not contain sulfuric acid from sulfur oxidation), resulting in a wide range of compositions when they discharge and emerge at the surface. As they discharge onto the ground surface they undergo evaporative cooling, degassing, oxidation, and mineral precipitation. Within this aquatic environment of rapidly changing physical and chemical parameters, numerous microbial communities develop—some of which affect oxidation and mineral precipitation. Microbes are responsible for rapid oxidation of iron and arsenic in thermal outflows, and for catalyzing the production of sulfuric acid from the oxidation of elemental sulfur. The attractive visual display of colors observed in Yellowstone’s geothermal waters reflects this interplay of physical, chemical, and biological phenomena.
Oxidation of dissolved sulfide to thiosulfate occurs abiotically, and thiosulfate can be found in many of Yellowstone’s thermal waters—at any pH, temperature, and composition. Polythionates, on the other hand, are rarely found in Yellowstone waters but are associated with sulfur hydrolysis in Cinder Pool. Oxidation rates of iron and arsenic in overflows have been estimated at 1-3 mM/h and 0.04-0.1 mM/h, respectively—orders of magnitude faster than the abiotic rate. The abiotic production of thiosulfate from oxidation of dissolved sulfi de at Angel Terrace and Ojo Caliente is about 3-30 µM/min, faster by 2-3 orders of magnitude than the laboratory rate at 25°C. The partitioning of dissolved sulfide between that volatilized to the air and that oxidized to thiosulfate has been estimated at Angel Terrace and at Ojo Caliente. For the pH range of 6-8 and the temperature range of 50-93°C, 67-86% of the dissolved sulfide is lost to the atmosphere and 10-33% is oxidized to thiosulfate. Only a very small percentage, if any, forms elemental sulfur under these conditions.
No abstract available
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2005 - Implications of volcanism in coastal California for the Neogene deformation history of western North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-02T14:28:39.271201","indexId":"70198731","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T15:45:13","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3524,"text":"Tectonics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Implications of volcanism in coastal California for the Neogene deformation history of western North America","docAbstract":"The geologic record of coastal California includes evidence of numerous volcanic centers younger than 30 Ma that do not appear to have erupted in an arc setting. By correlating these volcanic centers with specific slab windows predicted from analysis of magnetic anomalies on the Pacific plate, we add new constraints to tectonic reconstructions since 30 Ma. Our correlations, such as erupting the Morro Rock–Islay Hill complex south of the Pioneer fracture zone and the Iversen Basalt south of the Mendocino fracture zone, require larger displacements within western North America than advocated by most previous authors. Specifically, we infer at least 315 km of motion between the Sierra Nevada and rigid North America at an azimuth of about N60°W and at least 515 km between Baja California and rigid North America in a similar direction. A consequence of inferring a large displacement of Baja California is that the Pacific–North American plate boundary must have developed most of its current form prior to 10 Ma. We interpret a slab window developing between Cocos and Monterey plates after 19 Ma that reconstructs under nearly all of the southern California volcanic centers dated at 18–14 Ma. Most of the sedimentary basins associated with volcanic rocks show brief periods of rapid subsidence synchronous with volcanism, followed by slow subsidence of variable but often extended duration, consistent with rapid extension of cold lithosphere over recently introduced hot asthenosphere.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2003TC001621","usgsCitation":"Wilson, D.S., McCrory, P.A., and Stanley, R.G., 2005, Implications of volcanism in coastal California for the Neogene deformation history of western North America: Tectonics, v. 24, no. 3, TC3008, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2003TC001621.","productDescription":"TC3008, 22 p.","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356543,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.49951171875,\n 32.7503226078097\n ],\n [\n -117.00439453125,\n 37.579412513438385\n ],\n [\n -118.23486328125,\n 38.53097889440024\n ],\n [\n -122.49755859375,\n 37.54457732085582\n ],\n [\n -120.36621093749999,\n 33.815666308702774\n ],\n [\n -117.99316406249999,\n 32.39851580247402\n ],\n [\n -114.49951171875,\n 32.7503226078097\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-06-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98c7c3e4b0702d0e8465cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Douglas S.","contributorId":68782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCrory, Patricia A. 0000-0003-2471-0018 pmccrory@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2471-0018","contributorId":2728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCrory","given":"Patricia","email":"pmccrory@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stanley, Richard G. 0000-0001-6192-8783 rstanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6192-8783","contributorId":1832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Richard","email":"rstanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70235699,"text":"70235699 - 2005 - A fresh look at the taxonomy of midcontinental sandhill cranes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-15T19:15:32.646572","indexId":"70235699","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T15:14:10","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A fresh look at the taxonomy of midcontinental sandhill cranes","docAbstract":"The midcontinental population of sandhill crane (Grus canadensis) includes about 500,000 birds and provides valuable recreational crane-watching and hunting opportunities in Canada and the United States. It comprises three subspecies, one of which (G. c. rowani) was of uncertain taxonomic status and another of which (G. c. tabida) merited protection from excessive harvest due to its small population size. We obtained measurements of cranes used by Johnson and Stewart (1973) and additional crane specimens to 1) evaluate the subspecies designation of midcontinental sandhill cranes and 2) to seek improved methods for classifying cranes from selected measurements. We found that the three named subspecies are in fact morphologically distinct, although there is a general gradient of smaller birds breeding in the far north to larger birds breeding at more southerly latitudes. We were not able to find better ways of identifying subspecies; in particular we could not find a reliable method that did not require knowledge of the sex of an individual crane.
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L.","contributorId":36484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70238537,"text":"70238537 - 2005 - Petrologic constraints on the thermal structure of the Cascades arc","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-28T20:19:27.792892","indexId":"70238537","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T14:09:44","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Petrologic constraints on the thermal structure of the Cascades arc","docAbstract":"Primitive late Cenozoic basaltic lavas from the Cascades volcanic arc near latitude 46°N comprise two distinct compositional groups. Group I includes samples with low Ba/Nb (<20) and other compositional similarities to oceanic island and MORB lavas from within-plate settings. In contrast, Group II exhibits enrichment of Ba and large-ion lithophile elements (LILE) and depletion of Nb and high-field strength elements (HFSE) as seen commonly in calcalkalic lavas from other volcanic arcs. Lavas of both groups are widely distributed across the transect, and Group I lavas are found as much as 30–40 km trenchward of stratovolcanoes that define the High Cascades ‘volcanic front (VF)’. The most primitive lavas are sparsely porphyritic, have elevated Ni, Cr, and Mg#, high calculated magmatic temperatures (1200–1300 °C), and lack evidence of shallow (crustal level) storage and crystallization. Compositions of parental liquids were calculated for each primitive sample on the premise of Fe–Mg equilibrium with mantle peridotite. Assuming that such magmas ascended rapidly from accumulation zones in the mantle, we estimate P and T of segregation. We infer that (a) Group I magmas ascended from systematically greater depths (∼50–70 km) than Group II (∼30–50 km), implying the possible existence of compositional stratification in the mantle wedge; (b) Group I basalts show the least evidence for slab-derived contributions in their sources despite their apparently greater segregation depths (approaching the locus of the Cascadia slab beneath the frontal arc region); (c) Group II lavas with the strongest slab compositional signature have temperatures far exceeding the wet peridotite solidus at high pressure; and (d) the inferred thermal structure of the mantle wedge is very warm, implying a significant component of mantle upwelling and convection. Group I lavas are interpreted as decompression melts from this mantle, and their compositions suggest that their source was little modified by slab-derived contributions. We speculate that melting to produce Group II magmas occurs in the shallow mantle, possibly in response to heating by hot ascending Group I magmas. If true, it seems unlikely that the slab-like signal in Group II lavas can be attributed to modern slab inputs; rather, we postulate that this signature may reflect melting of lithospheric mantle domains containing a ‘stored’ slab-derived component inherited from earlier stages of Cascadia subduction. This scenario differs from the standard paradigm for subduction zones (SZs), and stresses the importance of convecting asthenospheric mantle in driving arc magmatism, particularly in warm subduction zones where slab fluid contributions likely are minimal. In contrast, because tectonic conditions in more typical volcanic arcs favor subduction of cooler, less dehydrated oceanic lithosphere, slab-derived fluids may promote extensive flux-melting in the wedge. Such melts may dominate the magmatic output and mask wedge contributions. The Cascade arc thus provides rarely afforded insights into arc magma genesis.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2004.07.016","usgsCitation":"Leeman, W.P., Lewis, J.F., Evarts, R.C., Conrey, R.M., and Streck, M.J., 2005, Petrologic constraints on the thermal structure of the Cascades arc: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 140, no. 1-3, p. 67-105, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2004.07.016.","productDescription":"39 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"105","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":409751,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"British Columbia, California, Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Cascade Volcanic Arc","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.1048519890231,\n 40.00920220023872\n ],\n [\n -120.00678924487796,\n 39.898804843550124\n ],\n [\n -119.86396697925346,\n 42.48015489474756\n ],\n [\n -121.05049041675323,\n 44.30808295012264\n ],\n [\n -119.76509002612816,\n 46.73332400231587\n ],\n [\n -119.89692596362812,\n 47.473642144488565\n ],\n [\n -119.34760955737804,\n 48.51028624872367\n ],\n [\n -119.56749847339817,\n 49.634628243685086\n ],\n [\n -121.23742034839842,\n 50.850074639020505\n ],\n [\n -129.46618011402336,\n 49.96083750032605\n ],\n [\n -125.86266448902299,\n 40.303087287044264\n ],\n [\n -124.1048519890231,\n 40.00920220023872\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"140","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leeman, William P.","contributorId":87142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leeman","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":857779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lewis, Jared F.","contributorId":299421,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lewis","given":"Jared","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":7173,"text":"Rice University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":857780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Evarts, Russell C. revarts@usgs.gov","contributorId":1974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evarts","given":"Russell","email":"revarts@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":857781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Conrey, Richard M.","contributorId":41911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conrey","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":857782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Streck, Martin J.","contributorId":194543,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Streck","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":857783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70238570,"text":"70238570 - 2005 - Liquefaction induced by historic and prehistoric earthquakes in western Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-29T20:14:40.410089","indexId":"70238570","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T14:03:19","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5614,"text":"Special Papers of the Geological Society of America","printIssn":"0072-1077","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":24}},"title":"Liquefaction induced by historic and prehistoric earthquakes in western Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"Dozens of liquefaction features in western Puerto Rico probably formed during at least three large earthquakes since A.D. 1300. Many of the features formed during the 1918 moment magnitude (M) 7.3 event and the 1670 event, which may have been as large as M 7 and centered in the Añasco River Valley. Liquefaction features along Río Culebrinas, and possibly a few along Río Grande de Añasco, appear to have formed ca. A.D. 1300–1508 as the result of a M ≥ 6.5 earthquake. We conducted reconnaissance along Río Culebrinas, Río Grande de Añasco, and Río Guanajibo, where we found and studied numerous liquefaction features, dated organic samples occurring in association with liquefaction features, and performed liquefaction potential analysis with geotechnical data previously collected along the three rivers. Our ongoing study will provide additional information regarding the age and size distribution of liquefaction features along the western, northern, and eastern coasts and will help to improve estimates of the timing, source areas, and magnitudes of earthquakes that struck Puerto Rico during the late Holocene.
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2005 - Bufo boreas Baird and Girard, 1852(b): western toad","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-01T13:44:38","indexId":"70006550","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T13:38:43","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Bufo boreas Baird and Girard, 1852(b): western toad","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Amphibian declines: the conservation status of United States species","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of California Press","publisherLocation":"Berkeley, CA","usgsCitation":"Muths, E., and Nanjappa, P., 2005, Bufo boreas Baird and Girard, 1852(b): western toad, chap. of Amphibian declines: the conservation status of United States species, p. 392-396.","productDescription":"p. 392-396","startPage":"392","endPage":"396","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289330,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.5,18.9 ], [ 172.5,71.4 ], [ -66.9,71.4 ], [ -66.9,18.9 ], [ 172.5,18.9 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b3d860e4b07c5f79a7f322","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Lannoo, Michael","contributorId":32823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lannoo","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508346,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Muths, Erin 0000-0002-5498-3132","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-3132","contributorId":14012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muths","given":"Erin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nanjappa, Priya","contributorId":84272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nanjappa","given":"Priya","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70046925,"text":"70046925 - 2005 - 1970's Land use data refined with 1990 population data to indicate new residential development for the conterminous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-09T13:28:31","indexId":"70046925","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T13:18:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"1970's Land use data refined with 1990 population data to indicate new residential development for the conterminous United States","docAbstract":"This data set represents U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) historical Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) from the 1970's that has been refined with 1990 population density at the block group level to indicate new residential development representative of the 1990's. Any area having a population density of at least 1,000 people per square mile had been re-classified as \"urban\" land in this data set.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70046925","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, 1970's Land use data refined with 1990 population data to indicate new residential development for the conterminous United States, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/70046925.","productDescription":"Dataset","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":274772,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":274770,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/newlu90g.xml"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -128.002463,22.838701 ], [ -128.002463,51.691388 ], [ -65.258046,51.691388 ], [ -65.258046,22.838701 ], [ -128.002463,22.838701 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51dd30e2e4b0f72b44719c2b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70007010,"text":"70007010 - 2005 - Comparative phytosociological investigation of subalpine alder thickets in southwestern Alaska and the North Pacific","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-20T18:20:48","indexId":"70007010","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T13:14:51","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Comparative phytosociological investigation of subalpine alder thickets in southwestern Alaska and the North Pacific","docAbstract":"We present the first vegetation analysis of subalpine alder (Alnus viridis) thickets in southwestern Alaska. The data are primarily from mesic, hilly and mountainous sites ranging from the westernmost tip of the Alaska Peninsula to the northern Kenai Peninsula, spanning 1,000 km on an E–W gradient and 700 km on a N–S gradient. 127 relevés from 18 sites represent the range of structural and compositional variation in the matrix of vegetation and landform diversity. Data were analyzed by multivariate and traditional Braun-Blanquet methods. One association is distinguished, Sambuco racemosi-Alnetum viridis ass. nov. with three new subassociations, oplopanacetosum horridi, typicum, and rubetosum spectabilis with the latter subdivided into four variants. These phytocoena are well-differentiated, although they form a syntaxonomical continuum. The composition and structure of these communities are described and interpreted in relation to complex environmental factors; these are analyzed using Jancey's ranking on F-values. Community composition is primarily related to elevation, longitude, soil moisture, and latitude. Phytogeographic comparison of southwestern Alaska alder communities with those elsewhere in the North Pacific suggests a close floristic relationship to those of southcentral, southeastern Alaska and coastal British Columbia, Canada. All these communities belong to the same association, while those of the eastern and southern parts of the Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia belong to a different association. Syntaxonomy of the 4 major communities is discussed. Within the Northern Hemisphere, vascular plant species of southwestern Alaska alder thickets primarily occur in East Asia and North America, 36 %; while 26 % are circumpolar, and 22 % are restricted to North America. From a latitudinal perspective, the distribution of vascular plant species within these alder thickets peaks in the high-subarctic, low-subarctic, and temperate latitudinal zones, with low representation of arctic species.
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\"}}]}","volume":"35","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7657e4b0abf75cf2bf37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Talbot, Stephen S.","contributorId":73266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Stephen S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Daniels, F. J. A.","contributorId":96196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniels","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"J. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70046924,"text":"70046924 - 2005 - 1970's Land use data refined with 2000 population data to indicate new residential development for the conterminous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-09T13:15:38","indexId":"70046924","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T13:09:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"1970's Land use data refined with 2000 population data to indicate new residential development for the conterminous United States","docAbstract":"This data set represents U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) historical Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) from the 1970's that has been refined with 2000 population density at the block group level to indicate new residential development representative of the early 2000's. Any area having a population density of at least 1,000 people per square mile had been re-classified as \"urban\" land in this data set.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70046924","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, 1970's Land use data refined with 2000 population data to indicate new residential development for the conterminous United States (1), Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/70046924.","productDescription":"Dataset","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":274769,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":274768,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/newlu00g.xml"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -128.002463,22.838701 ], [ -128.002463,51.691388 ], [ -65.258046,51.691388 ], [ -65.258046,22.838701 ], [ -128.002463,22.838701 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51dd30e3e4b0f72b44719c2f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70240571,"text":"70240571 - 2005 - Wildlife disease in a changing world","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-09T19:09:23.198832","indexId":"70240571","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T12:47:50","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Wildlife disease in a changing world","docAbstract":"
No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the 70th North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"70th North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference","conferenceDate":"March 16-19, 2005","conferenceLocation":"Arlington, Virginia, United States","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Management Institute","usgsCitation":"Friend, M., 2005, Wildlife disease in a changing world, in Transactions of the 70th North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference, Arlington, Virginia, United States, March 16-19, 2005, p. 267-288.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"267","endPage":"288","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":412914,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":412913,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://wildlifemanagement.institute/store/product/59"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friend, Milton 0000-0002-2882-3629","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2882-3629","contributorId":31332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friend","given":"Milton","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":863995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70146125,"text":"70146125 - 2005 - Sediment-hosted lead-zinc deposits: A global perspective","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-07T16:17:44.872299","indexId":"70146125","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Sediment-hosted lead-zinc deposits: A global perspective","docAbstract":"Sediment-hosted Pb-Zn deposits contain the world’s greatest lead and zinc resources and dominate worldproduction of these metals. They are a diverse group of ore deposits hosted by a wide variety of carbonate andsiliciclastic rocks that have no obvious genetic association with igneous activity. A range of ore-forming processes in a variety of geologic and tectonic environments created these deposits over at least two billion years of Earth history. The metals were precipitated by basinal brines in synsedimentary and early diagenetic to low-grade metamorphic environments. The deposits display a broad range of relationships to enclosing host rocks that includes stratiform, strata-bound, and discordant ores.
These ores are divided into two broad subtypes: Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) and sedimentary exhalative (SEDEX). Despite the “exhalative” component inherent in the term “SEDEX,” in this manuscript, direct evidence of an exhalite in the ore or alteration component is not essential for a deposit to be classified as SEDEX. The presence of laminated sulfides parallel to bedding is assumed to be permissive evidence for exhalative ores. The distinction between some SEDEX and MVT deposits can be quite subjective because some SEDEX ores replaced carbonate, whereas some MVT deposits formed in an early diagenetic environment and display laminated ore textures.
Geologic and resource information are presented for 248 deposits that provide a framework to describe and compare these deposits. Nine of the 10 largest sediment-hosted Pb-Zn deposits are SEDEX. Of the deposits that contain at least 2.5 million metric tons (Mt), there are 35 SEDEX (excluding Broken Hill-type) deposits and 15 MVT (excluding Irish-type) deposits. Despite the skewed distribution of the deposit size, the two deposits types have an excellent correlation between total tonnage and tonnage of contained metal (Pb + Zn), with a fairly consistent ratio of about 10/1, regardless of the size of the deposit or district. Zinc grades are approximately the same for both, whereas Pb and Ag grades are about 25 percent greater for SEDEX deposits. The largest difference between SEDEX and MVT deposits is their Cu content. Three times as many SEDEX deposits have reported Cu contents, and the median Cu value of SEDEX deposits is nearly double that of MVT deposits. Furthermore, grade-tonnage values for MVT deposits compared to a subset of SEDEX deposits hosted in carbonate rocks are virtually indistinguishable.
The distribution of MVT deposits through geologic time shows that they are mainly a Phanerozoic phenomenon. The ages of SEDEX deposits are grouped into two major groups, one in the Proterozoic and another in the Phanerozoic. MVT deposits dominantly formed in platform carbonate sequences typically located within extensional zones inboard of orogenic belts, whereas SEDEX deposits formed in intracontinental or failed rifts, and rifted continental margins. The ages of MVT ores are generally tens of millions of years younger than their host rocks; however, a few are close (<~5 m.y.) to the age of their host rocks. In the absence of direct dates for SEDEX deposits, their age of formation is generally constrained by relationships to sedimentary or diagenetic features in the rocks. These studies suggest that deposition of SEDEX ores was coeval with sedimentation or early diagenesis, whereas some deposits formed at least 20 m.y. after sedimentation.
Fluid inclusion, isotopic studies, and deposit modeling suggest that MVT and SEDEX deposits formed from basin brines with similar temperatures of mainly 90° to 200°C and 10 to 30 wt percent NaCl equiv. Lead isotope compositions for MVT and SEDEX deposits show that Pb was mainly derived from a variety of crustal sources. Lead isotope compositions do not provide criteria that distinguish MVT from SEDEX subtypes. However, sulfur isotope compositions for sphalerite and galena show an apparent difference. SEDEX and MVT sulfur isotope compositions extend over a large range; however, most data for SEDEX ores have mainly positive isotopic compositions from 0 to 20 per mil. Isotopic values for MVT ores extend over a wider range and include more data with negative isotopic values.
Given that there are relatively small differences between the metal character of MVT and SEDEX deposits and the fluids that deposited them, perhaps the most significant difference between these deposits is their de-positional environment, which is determined by their respective tectonic settings. The contrasting tectonic setting also dictates the fundamental deposit attributes that generally set them apart, such as host-rock lithology, deposit morphology, and ore textures.
Brief discussions are also presented on two controversial sets of deposits: Broken Hill-type deposits and a subset of deposits in the MVT group located in the Irish Midlands, considered by some authors to be a distinct ore type (Irish type). There are no significant differences in grade tonnage values between MVT deposits and the subset that is described as Irish type. Most features of the Irish deposits are not distinct from the family of MVT deposits; however, the age of mineralization that is the same as or close to the age of the host rocks and the anomalously high fluid inclusion temperatures (up to 250°C) stand out as distinctly different from typical MVT ores. The dominance of bacteriogenic sulfur in the Irish ores commonly ascribed as uniquely Irish type is in fact no different from several MVT deposits or districts.
A comparison of SEDEX and Broken Hill-type deposits shows that the latter deposits contain significantly higher contents of Ag and Pb relative to SEDEX deposits. In terms of median values, Broken Hill-type deposits are almost three times more enriched in Ag and one and a half times more enriched in Pb compared to other SEDEX deposits. Metamorphism is a characteristic feature but not a prerequisite for inclusion in the Broken Hill-type category, and known Broken Hill-type examples appear to occur in Paleo- to Mesoprotero-zoic terranes. Broken Hill-type deposits remain an enigmatic grouping; however, there is sufficient evidence to support their inclusion as a separate category of SEDEX deposits.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Economic geology: One hundredth anniversary volume","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.5382/AV100.18","usgsCitation":"Leach, D.L., Sangster, D.F., Kelley, K.D., Large, R.R., Garven, G., Allen, C.R., Gutzmer, J., and Walters, S., 2005, Sediment-hosted lead-zinc deposits: A global perspective, chap. of Economic geology: One hundredth anniversary volume, p. 561-608, https://doi.org/10.5382/AV100.18.","productDescription":"48 p.","startPage":"561","endPage":"608","numberOfPages":"48","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":299605,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"552ce8bfe4b0b22a157f50bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leach, David L.","contributorId":83902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leach","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":544677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sangster, Donald F.","contributorId":7124,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sangster","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":544678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kelley, Karen D. kdkelley@usgs.gov","contributorId":431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelley","given":"Karen","email":"kdkelley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":544679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Large, Ross R.","contributorId":260791,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Large","given":"Ross","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":544680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Garven, G.","contributorId":34632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garven","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":544681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Allen, Cameron R.","contributorId":260792,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allen","given":"Cameron","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":544682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gutzmer, J.","contributorId":45493,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gutzmer","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":818761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Walters, Steve","contributorId":260793,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walters","given":"Steve","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":818762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70006604,"text":"70006604 - 2005 - Conservation genetics in wildlife biology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-30T12:44:46","indexId":"70006604","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T12:43:59","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Conservation genetics in wildlife biology","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Techniques for wildlife investigations and management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","usgsCitation":"Oyler-McCance, S., and Leberg, P., 2005, Conservation genetics in wildlife biology, chap. of Techniques for wildlife investigations and management, p. 632-657.","productDescription":"p. 632-657","startPage":"632","endPage":"657","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289216,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"6th ed.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b286e4e4b07b8813a55470","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Braun, C.E.","contributorId":57421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Braun","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508374,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Oyler-McCance, S.J.","contributorId":75877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oyler-McCance","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leberg, P.L.","contributorId":42048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leberg","given":"P.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70160107,"text":"70160107 - 2005 - Forestry practices and aquatic biodiversity: Fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-14T09:46:43","indexId":"70160107","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":221,"text":"Technical Bulletin","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"seriesNumber":"908","title":"Forestry practices and aquatic biodiversity: Fish","docAbstract":"In the Pacific Northwest, fish communities are found in a diverse array of aquatic habitats ranging from the large coastal rivers of the temperate rainforests, to the fragmented and sometimes ephemeral streams of the xeric interior basins, and high-elevation streams and lakes in the mountainous areas (Rieman et al. 2003). Only high-elevation lakes and streams isolated above barriers to fish passage remained historically devoid of fish because they were never invaded following Pleistocene glaciation (Smith 1981). Despite this widespread distribution and once great population abundances, taxonomic diversity of fishes in these forested systems is naturally lower than in aquatic habitats in the eastern U.S. (Reeves, Bisson, and Dambacher 1998).
Interactions among factors that influence species richness in aquatic systems (e.g., basin size, long-term stability of habitat, and barriers to colonization; Smith 1981) continue to influence the occurrence and persistence of fishes in these systems today. Consequently, the larger low-elevation rivers and estuaries support the greatest variety of fish species. In the high-elevation tributary streams, fish communities are less complex because these aquatic systems were less climatically and geologically stable, and fish populations were smaller and more prone to local extirpation. Furthermore, barriers to fish passage inhibited dispersal and colonization (Smith 1981). Streams in forested landscapes generally support salmon and trout, Oncorhynchus spp., whitefish Prosopium spp., sculpins Cottus spp., suckers Catostomus spp., and minnows (Cyprinidae), but in some of the colder streams, chars (e.g., Salvelinus confluentus and Salvelinus malma) and lampreys (Petromyzontidae)may also occur (Rieman et al. 2003).
Although biodiversity defined in terms of fish species richness is low in the Pacific Northwest, intraspecific variability is high, and polytypic fish species are common in the diverse aquatic habitats of the region. For example, the salmonids in the coastal rivers and streams, and the larger interconnected streams, rivers, and lakes of the interior exhibit a variety of ecotypes and migratory life histories (Healey 1986; Trotter 1989; Larson and McIntire 1993; Northcote 1997). This life-history variation appears to be associated with adaptation to spatial and temporal variation in environment (e.g., Schaffer and Elson 1975; Carl and Healey 1984; Beacham and Murray 1987), and there is some evidence of the genetic heritability of life-history traits (Carl and Healey 1984; Gharrett and Smoker 1993; Hankin, Nicholas, and Downey 1993). Persistence of any level of biological organization (e.g., life-history type, population, metapopulation, subspecies, species, community) is related to the interaction of environmental and biological components, and intraspecific diversity is a means of spreading risk (sensu den Boer 1968) of extirpation in dynamic environments (Gresswell 1999).
Unfortunately, despite the broad distribution and extensive intraspecific diversity, persistence of native fishes is uncertain in the Pacific Northwest. Many populations of anadromous salmonids, once synonymous with vigorous biological communities throughout the region, are threatened with extinction (Nehlsen, Williams, and Lichatowich 1991; Frissell 1993; Thurow, Lee, and Rieman 1997). Furthermore, over half of the native taxa in the Columbia River Basin are either listed under the Endangered Species Act, are being considered for listing, or are deemed sensitive by the management agencies (Lee et al. 1997; Thurow, Lee, and Rieman 1997). Potamodromous species like bull trout Salvelinus confluentus are estimated to occur as strong populations in less than 5% of their potential range (Rieman, Lee, and Thurow 1997). Although not currently listed under the endangered species list, the coastal cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarki is managed as a sensitive species in Oregon and California (Hall, Bisson, and Gresswell 1997). Native non-game fishes have rarely been monitored, but populations of species such as large-scale suckers (Catostomus macrocheilus), squawfish (Ptychocheilus umpquae), and Pacific lamprey (Lampetra tridentata) also are declining in some drainages (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, unpublished data).
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613-33.1.e78","usgsCitation":"Hanks, T.C., and Finkel, R.C., 2005, Early Pleistocene incision of the San Juan River, Utah, dated with 26Al and 10Be: Comment and Reply: Comment: Geology, v. 33, no. 1, p. e78-e79, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613-33.1.e78.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"e78","endPage":"e79","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":488443,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613-33.1.e78","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":411000,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","city":"Bluff, Mexican Hat","otherGeospatial":"San Juan River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.9131589858778,\n 37.20041811779586\n ],\n [\n -109.9131589858778,\n 37.136947504245896\n ],\n [\n -109.82904491117064,\n 37.136947504245896\n ],\n [\n -109.82904491117064,\n 37.20041811779586\n ],\n [\n -109.9131589858778,\n 37.20041811779586\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.59936216623393,\n 37.29224649451946\n ],\n [\n -109.59936216623393,\n 37.25481806509772\n ],\n [\n -109.49739530832386,\n 37.25481806509772\n ],\n [\n -109.49739530832386,\n 37.29224649451946\n ],\n [\n -109.59936216623393,\n 37.29224649451946\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"33","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanks, Thomas C. 0000-0003-0928-0056 thanks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0928-0056","contributorId":3065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanks","given":"Thomas","email":"thanks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":859975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finkel, Robert C.","contributorId":83426,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Finkel","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13621,"text":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":859976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70200696,"text":"70200696 - 2005 - Magnetic equator","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-29T12:23:09","indexId":"70200696","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T12:23:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Magnetic equator","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"World Book Encyclopedia","usgsCitation":"Love, J.J., 2005, Magnetic equator, chap. of World Book Encyclopedia, p. 55-55.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"55","endPage":"55","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358892,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10e418e4b034bf6a7ff3ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Love, Jeffrey J. 0000-0002-3324-0348 jlove@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3324-0348","contributorId":760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Love","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jlove@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70238569,"text":"70238569 - 2005 - Quebrada Tacahuay, southern Peru: A Late Pleistocene site preserved by a debris flow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-29T18:58:38.313398","indexId":"70238569","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T12:02:48","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2283,"text":"Journal of Field Archaeology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quebrada Tacahuay, southern Peru: A Late Pleistocene site preserved by a debris flow","docAbstract":"Here we describe the properties of a debris flow apparently generated by a warm phase El Niño event that buried an intermittently occupied Late Pleistocene forager site located in the southern coastal desert of Peru. Although the event deposited roughly one meter of sediment over the initial occupation, our analyses of debris flow dynamics and data from large scale archaeological investigations indicate that the earliest anthropogenic deposits at the site of Quebrada Tacahuay were preserved intact as a result of the burial episode; there is no evidence that the debris flow scoured or disturbed the cultural deposits. The event that buried the oldest archaeological contexts at Quebrada Tacahuay differs from other flood events that are characterized by turbulent, fast-moving floodwaters. Our data on debris flow dynamics and our results from excavation have implications for identifying, investigating, and interpreting other deeply buried archaeological sites both in the central Andes and in other geographic regions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1179/009346905791072161","usgsCitation":"deFrance, S.D., and Keefer, D.K., 2005, Quebrada Tacahuay, southern Peru: A Late Pleistocene site preserved by a debris flow: Journal of Field Archaeology, v. 30, no. 4, p. 385-399, https://doi.org/10.1179/009346905791072161.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"385","endPage":"399","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":409805,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Peru","otherGeospatial":"Quebrada Tacahuay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.16783774798594,\n -17.809633533101646\n ],\n [\n -71.15479148333736,\n -17.82401523458283\n ],\n [\n -71.14037192767329,\n -17.82662996472891\n ],\n [\n -71.1108461708374,\n -17.843624775152477\n ],\n [\n -71.10123313372821,\n -17.87172801565187\n ],\n [\n -71.07788718646273,\n -17.876302541329494\n ],\n [\n -71.0449282020874,\n -17.886104699655007\n ],\n [\n -70.97077048724375,\n -17.852775154945718\n ],\n [\n -70.93231833880645,\n -17.809633533101646\n ],\n [\n -70.90347922747829,\n -17.75209513748746\n ],\n [\n -70.94399131243887,\n -17.700425586524346\n ],\n [\n -70.94811118548603,\n -17.664444328965416\n ],\n [\n -70.99136985247827,\n -17.665098597927596\n ],\n [\n -71.09711326068106,\n -17.73247554327706\n ],\n [\n -71.16783774798594,\n -17.809633533101646\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-07-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"deFrance, Susan D.","contributorId":90902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"deFrance","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":857942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keefer, David K.","contributorId":22405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keefer","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":857943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70160117,"text":"70160117 - 2005 - Yellowstone grizzly bear investigations: Annual report of the Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, 2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-13T15:37:33.462145","indexId":"70160117","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3,"text":"Annual Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"title":"Yellowstone grizzly bear investigations: Annual report of the Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, 2004","docAbstract":"The contents of this Annual Report summarize results of monitoring and research from the 2004 field season. The report also contains a summary of nuisance grizzly bear (Ursus arctos horribilis) management actions.
\nThe study team continues to work on issues associated with counts of unduplicated females with cubs-of-the-year (COY). These counts are used to establish a minimum population size, which is then used to establish mortality thresholds for the Recovery Plan (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service [USFWS] 1993). A computer program that defines the rule set used by Knight et al. (1995) to differentiate unique family groups was completed in spring 2005. We will use an improved version of this model to verify the accuracy of the rules using known bears and their telemetry locations in test runs. We hope to have this work complete by the end of 2005.
\nThe grizzly bear recovery plan (USFWS 1993) established mortality quotas at 4% of the minimum population estimate derived from female with COY data and no more than 30% of the 4% (1.2%) could be female bears. Simulation modeling (Harris 1984) established sustainable mortality at around 6% of the population. We used the latest information on reproduction and survival to estimate population trajectory in the same simulation model originally used by Harris. A Wildlife Monograph has been accepted for publication and should be available by summer 2005. Our project addressing the potential application of stable isotopes and trace elements to quantify consumption rates of whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) and cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki) by grizzly bears was completed. Our manuscript on consumption rates of whitebark pine has been published (Canadian Journal of Zoology 81:763-770). The manuscript on fish consumption rates was also accepted and is published in the Canadian Journal of Zoology 82:493-501. Both can be found on the Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team (IGBST) website http://www.nrmsc.usgs.gov/research/igbst-home.htm.
\nWe began a new study in Grand Teton National Park evaluating habitat use both temporally and spatially between grizzly and black (Ursus americanus) bears. We will employ a new form of Global Positioning System (GPS) technology that incorporates a spread spectrum communication system. Spread spectrum allows for transfer of stored GPS locations from the collar to a remote receiving station. Results of our first yea r’s field season are summarized in this report.
\nWhitebark pine (WBP) has been identified as one of the import ant fall foods of the Yellowstone grizzly bear. Previous efforts to map the distribution of WBP were for the Cumulative Effects Model. Consequently the only coverage of WBP distribution was for the grizzly bear Recovery Zone. We were successful in getting financial support through the U.S. Geological Survey Land Remote Sensing Program and Interdisciplinary Science Support Activities Project to create an ecosystem-wide map of the distribution of WBP. The results of that project are reported in Appendix A. The study team annually estimates WBP cone production on a series of transects. That information is reported annually in our reports. Concern over the long-term health of WBP prompted us to investigate the usefulness of cone counts as an indirect index of WBP health. Results of this analysis (Appendix B) indicated that cone production is too variable to serve this purpose. Consequently, we partnered with several 2 other agencies and embarked on a program to develop a long-term monitoring program directed specifically at WBP health in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE). Our team (Greater Yellowstone Whitebark Pine Monitoring Working Group) was successful in obtaining funds to develop and implement a WBP health monitoring program. Results of our first years work are presented in Appendix C. We also successfully competed for funds in 2005 and will continue to collect information on WBP health.
\nArmy cutworm moths (Euxoa auxiliaris) are also a very important food for a segment of the GYE grizzly bear population. Hillary Robison, graduate student at University of Nevada, Reno, is nearing completion of her program. In this report, we post her annual work summary, and abstracts of her most recently submitted publications. These include one on the levels of pesticides in cutworm moths and their potential affect on grizzly bears (Appendix D), a spatial analysis to identify army cutworm moth habitat (Appendix E), and the results of a preliminary analysis of pollen grains on the mouth parts of moths (Appendix F) to help identify which plant species are commonly fed upon.
\n