{"pageNumber":"2577","pageRowStart":"64400","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70027315,"text":"70027315 - 2005 - Material contrast does not predict earthquake rupture propagation direction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:34","indexId":"70027315","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Material contrast does not predict earthquake rupture propagation direction","docAbstract":"Earthquakes often occur on faults that juxtapose different rocks. The result is rupture behavior that differs from that of an earthquake occurring on a fault in a homogeneous material. Previous 2D numerical simulations have studied simple cases of earthquake rupture propagation where there is a material contrast across a fault and have come to two different conclusions: 1) earthquake rupture propagation direction can be predicted from the material contrast, and 2) earthquake rupture propagation direction cannot be predicted from the material contrast. In this paper we provide observational evidence from 70 years of earthquakes at Parkfield, CA, and new 3D numerical simulations. Both the observations and the numerical simulations demonstrate that earthquake rupture propagation direction is unlikely to be predictable on the basis of a material contrast. Copyright 2005 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2005GL023941","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Harris, R., and Day, S., 2005, Material contrast does not predict earthquake rupture propagation direction: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 32, no. 23, p. 1-4, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GL023941.","startPage":"1","endPage":"4","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477838,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2005gl023941","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":209035,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005GL023941"},{"id":235205,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5275e4b0c8380cd6c41d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harris, R.A. 0000-0002-9247-0768","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9247-0768","contributorId":41849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"R.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Day, S.M.","contributorId":41425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70027314,"text":"70027314 - 2005 - Evaporation, precipitation, and associated salinity changes at a humid, subtropical estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-29T15:48:01.69951","indexId":"70027314","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1583,"text":"Estuaries","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaporation, precipitation, and associated salinity changes at a humid, subtropical estuary","docAbstract":"<p><span>The distilling effect of evaporation and the diluting effect of precipitation on salinity at two estuarine sites in the humid subtropical setting of the Indian River Lagoon, Florida, were evaluated based on daily evaporation computed with an energy-budget method and measured precipitation. Despite the larger magnitude of evaporation (about 1,58 mm yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) compared to precipitation (about 1,180 mm yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) between February 2002 and January 2004, the variability of monthly precipitation induced salinity changes was more than twice the variability of evaporation induced changes. Use of a constant, mean value of evaporation, along with measured values of daily precipitation, were sufficient to produce simulated salinity changes that contained little monthly (root-mean-square error = 0.33‰ mo</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;and 0.52‰ mo</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;at the two sites) or cumulative error (&lt;1‰ yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) compared to simulations that used computed daily values of evaporation. This result indicates that measuring the temporal variability in evaporation may not be critical to simulation of salinity within the lagoon. Comparison of evaporation and precipitation induced salinity changes with measured salinity changes indicates that evaporation and precipitation explained only 4% of the changes in salinity within a flow-through area of the lagoon; surface water and ocean inflows probably accounted for most of the variability in salinity at this site. Evaporation and precipitation induced salinity changes explained 61% of the variability in salinity at a flow-restricted part of the lagoon.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02696014","usgsCitation":"Sumner, D.M., and Belaineh, G., 2005, Evaporation, precipitation, and associated salinity changes at a humid, subtropical estuary: Estuaries, v. 28, no. 6, p. 844-855, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02696014.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"844","endPage":"855","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235204,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Indian River Lagoon","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.33203125,\n              27.410785702577023\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.244140625,\n              27.46928747369202\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.606689453125,\n              28.34789944257093\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.562744140625,\n              28.536274512989916\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.595703125,\n              28.603814407841327\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.7220458984375,\n              28.38173504322308\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.474853515625,\n              27.591066424185087\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.33203125,\n              27.410785702577023\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d13e4b0c8380cd52deb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sumner, D. M.","contributorId":100827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sumner","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belaineh, G.","contributorId":100590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belaineh","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1015262,"text":"1015262 - 2005 - Recent water temperature trends in the Lower Klamath River, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-27T19:35:45","indexId":"1015262","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recent water temperature trends in the Lower Klamath River, California","docAbstract":"<p>Elevated water temperatures have been implicated as a factor limiting the recovery of anadromous salmonids in the Klamath River basin. This article reviews evidence of a multidecade trend of increasing temperatures in the lower main-stem Klamath River above the ocean and, based on model simulations, finds a high probability that water temperature has been increasing by approximately 0.5°C/decade (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.42–0.60°C/decade) since the early 1960s. The season of high temperatures that are potentially stressful to salmonids has lengthened by about 1 month over the period studied, and the average length of main-stem river with cool summer temperatures has declined by about 8.2 km/decade. Water temperature trends seem unrelated to any change in main-stem water availability but are consistent with measured basinwide air temperature increases. Main-stem warming may be related to the cyclic Pacific Decadal Oscillation, but if this trend continues it might jeopardize the recovery of anadromous salmonids in the Klamath River basin.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/M04-007.1","usgsCitation":"Bartholow, J.M., 2005, Recent water temperature trends in the Lower Klamath River, California: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 25, no. 1, p. 152-162, https://doi.org/10.1577/M04-007.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"152","endPage":"162","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132874,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Klamath River","volume":"25","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db689fb6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartholow, John M.","contributorId":77598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholow","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1015317,"text":"1015317 - 2005 - Variation in torpor patterns of free-ranging black-tailed and Utah prairie dogs across gradients of elevation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-26T12:28:29","indexId":"1015317","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variation in torpor patterns of free-ranging black-tailed and Utah prairie dogs across gradients of elevation","docAbstract":"<p><span>We compared over-winter body temperature (T</span><sub>b</sub><span>) patterns for more than 6 months in adult (&gt; 1 year) black-tailed (</span><i>Cynomys ludovicianus</i><span>) and Utah (</span><i>C. parvidens</i><span>) prairie dogs from colonies located along gradients of elevation in northern Colorado and southern Utah. In general, black-tailed prairie dogs entered torpor facultatively during winter, whereas Utah prairie dogs hibernated continuously for extended periods. Both black-tailed and Utah prairie dogs displayed significant differences in T</span><sub>b</sub><span> patterns across elevations, with lower elevation populations entering more shallow and infrequent torpor than prairie dogs at higher elevations. T</span><sub>b</sub><span> patterns of black-tailed prairie dogs followed 24-h cycles, as most prairie dogs entered into and aroused from torpor between 1100 and 1700 h and bout lengths were clustered around 24-h intervals and multiples thereof. Torpor in Utah prairie dogs did not display the same daily patterns; they entered into and aroused from torpor at all times of the day, and bout lengths were variable. Although black-tailed and Utah prairie dogs are closely related, mechanisms that stimulate and control torpor might differ between them.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1644/1545-1542(2005)086<0015:VITPOF>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Lehmer, E., and Biggins, E., 2005, Variation in torpor patterns of free-ranging black-tailed and Utah prairie dogs across gradients of elevation: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 86, no. 1, p. 15-21, https://doi.org/10.1644/1545-1542(2005)086<0015:VITPOF>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"15","endPage":"21","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477751,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1644/1545-1542(2005)086<0015:vitpof>2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":133125,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"86","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602b7f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lehmer, E.M.","contributorId":99102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lehmer","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Biggins, E.","contributorId":88303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biggins","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1015314,"text":"1015314 - 2005 - Agency bargaining behavior in multi-party environmental negotiations: A symposium overview","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-28T09:56:32","indexId":"1015314","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2061,"text":"International Journal of Organization Theory and Behavior","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Agency bargaining behavior in multi-party environmental negotiations: A symposium overview","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.<br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></p>","language":"English","publisher":"PrAcademic Press","usgsCitation":"Lamb, B.L., and Lovrich, N., 2005, Agency bargaining behavior in multi-party environmental negotiations: A symposium overview: International Journal of Organization Theory and Behavior, v. 8, no. 2, p. 175-180.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"175","endPage":"180","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133111,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":350229,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pracademics.com/index.php/ijotb/38-ijotb-years/ijotb-2005/volume-8-number-2-summer-2005"}],"volume":"8","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db6891f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lamb, B. L.","contributorId":6395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamb","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lovrich, N.P.","contributorId":21508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovrich","given":"N.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1015302,"text":"1015302 - 2005 - Effects of conifers and elk browsing on quaking aspen forests in the central Rocky Mountains, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-19T09:49:46","indexId":"1015302","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of conifers and elk browsing on quaking aspen forests in the central Rocky Mountains, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Elk browsing and conifer species mixing with aspen (</span><i><span class=\"genusSpeciesInfoAsset\">Populus tremuloides</span></i><span> Michx.) present current challenges to aspen forest management in the western United States. We evaluated the effects of conifers and elk browsing on quaking aspen stands in and near Rocky Mountain National Park using tree rings to reconstruct patterns of aspen establishment, growth, and mortality over the past 120 years. High conifer encroachment and elk browse were both associated with decreased aspen recruitment, with mean recruitment dropping over 30% from pure aspen to mixed stands and over 50% from low-browse to high-browse stands. Maximum aspen recruitment was lower in mixed stands than in pure stands with the same tree basal area. High levels of elk browsing were also associated with a 30% decrease in stand-level growth of aspen. Neither high conifer abundance nor elk browse affected the growth of individual trees or aspen mortality. Aspen establishment was negatively influenced by conifers and elk browsing; however, aspen growth and mortality appeared to be resilient to these two external influences. Overall, these results suggest that long-term preservation of aspen forests could be achieved by enhancing aspen recruitment.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1890/03-5395","usgsCitation":"Kaye, M., Binkley, D., and Stohlgren, T.J., 2005, Effects of conifers and elk browsing on quaking aspen forests in the central Rocky Mountains, USA: Ecological Applications, v. 15, no. 4, p. 1284-1295, https://doi.org/10.1890/03-5395.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1284","endPage":"1295","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132946,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Rocky Mountain National Park","volume":"15","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2fe4b07f02db6160bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kaye, Margot W.","contributorId":102031,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaye","given":"Margot W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Binkley, Dan","contributorId":102419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Binkley","given":"Dan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stohlgren, Thomas J. 0000-0001-9696-4450 stohlgrent@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9696-4450","contributorId":2902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stohlgren","given":"Thomas","email":"stohlgrent@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":322809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1003992,"text":"1003992 - 2005 - Pathology and proposed pathophysiology of diclofenac poisoning in free-living and experimentally exposed oriental white-backed vultures (Gyps bengalensis)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-26T14:18:10.068639","indexId":"1003992","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Pathology and proposed pathophysiology of diclofenac poisoning in free-living and experimentally exposed oriental white-backed vultures (<i>Gyps bengalensis</i>)","title":"Pathology and proposed pathophysiology of diclofenac poisoning in free-living and experimentally exposed oriental white-backed vultures (Gyps bengalensis)","docAbstract":"<p><span>Oriental white-backed vultures (</span><i>Gyps bengalensis</i><span>; OWBVs) died of renal failure when they ingested diclofenac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), in tissues of domestic livestock. Acute necrosis of proximal convoluted tubules in these vultures was severe. Glomeruli, distal convoluted tubules, and collecting tubules were relatively spared in the vultures that had early lesions. In most vultures, however, lesions became extensive with large urate aggregates obscuring renal architecture. Inflammation was minimal. Extensive urate precipitation on the surface and within organ parenchyma (visceral gout) was consistently found in vultures with renal failure. Very little is known about the physiologic effect of NSAIDs in birds. Research in mammals has shown that diclofenac inhibits formation of prostaglandins. We propose that the mechanism by which diclofenac induces renal failure in the OWBV is through the inhibition of the modulating effect of prostaglandin on angiotensin II-mediated adrenergic stimulation. Renal portal valves open in response to adrenergic stimulation, redirecting portal blood to the caudal vena cava and bypassing the kidney. If diclofenac removes a modulating effect of prostaglandins on the renal portal valves, indiscriminant activation of these valves would redirect the primary nutrient blood supply away from the renal cortex. Resulting ischemic necrosis of the cortical proximal convoluted tubules would be consistent with our histologic findings in these OWBVs.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-41.4.707","usgsCitation":"Meteyer, C.U., Rideout, B.A., Gilbert, M., Shivaprasad, H.L., and Oaks, J.L., 2005, Pathology and proposed pathophysiology of diclofenac poisoning in free-living and experimentally exposed oriental white-backed vultures (Gyps bengalensis): Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 41, no. 4, p. 707-716, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-41.4.707.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"707","endPage":"716","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477973,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.7589/0090-3558-41.4.707","text":"External Repository"},{"id":133972,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Pakistan","state":"Punjab Province","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              74.68505859374999,\n              31.531726144517158\n            ],\n            [\n              72.037353515625,\n              33.4039312002347\n            ],\n            [\n              68.84033203125,\n              29.46829664171322\n            ],\n            [\n              69.334716796875,\n              28.478348692223165\n            ],\n            [\n              69.93896484375,\n              27.945886221761945\n            ],\n            [\n              70.86181640625,\n              27.751607687549384\n            ],\n            [\n              72.0703125,\n              28.13981591275445\n            ],\n            [\n              73.32275390625,\n              29.621221113784504\n            ],\n            [\n              73.992919921875,\n              30.467614102257855\n            ],\n            [\n              74.68505859374999,\n              31.531726144517158\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688af3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meteyer, Carol U. 0000-0002-4007-3410 cmeteyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4007-3410","contributorId":111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meteyer","given":"Carol","email":"cmeteyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"U.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":314861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rideout, Bruce A","contributorId":259231,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rideout","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":38792,"text":"San Diego Zoo Global","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":314858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gilbert, Martin","contributorId":93179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilbert","given":"Martin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shivaprasad, H. L.","contributorId":101616,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shivaprasad","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Oaks, J. Lindsay","contributorId":147286,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oaks","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Lindsay","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":1015298,"text":"1015298 - 2005 - Core competencies for natural resource negotiation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-01T17:22:12","indexId":"1015298","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1559,"text":"Environmental Practice","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Core competencies for natural resource negotiation","docAbstract":"<div class=\"row row-md  \"><div class=\"col-md-7-12 \"><div class=\"contents\" data-pb-dropzone=\"contents1\"><div id=\"d29f04e9-776c-4996-a0d8-931023161e00\" class=\"widget literatumPublicationContentWidget none  widget-none  widget-compact-all\"><div class=\"wrapped \"><div class=\"widget-body body body-none  body-compact-all\"><div class=\"publication-tabs ja publication-tabs-dropdown\"><div class=\"tabs tabs-widget\"><div class=\"tab-content \"><div class=\"tab tab-pane active\"><div class=\"hlFld-Abstract test\"><div class=\"abstractSection abstractInFull\"><p>Natural resource negotiation often involves multiple parties with overlapping interests and issues that can provide opportunities for mutually beneficial solutions. These opportunities can be missed, however, if negotiators are unable to comprehend the facts of a negotiation, understand the interests of other parties, or accurately evaluate the options that increase the size of the negotiation pie. Through structured personal interviews with more than 60 representatives from seven different hydropower negotiations, respondents identified core competencies that help negotiators succeed at accurately comprehending the facts of a negotiation, comprehending the interests of other parties, and fully understanding the available options and alternatives. We categorized those core competencies into three dimensions of negotiation - interpersonal, organizational, and operational.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1017/S1466046605050210","usgsCitation":"Gillette, S., and Lamb, B.L., 2005, Core competencies for natural resource negotiation: Environmental Practice, v. 7, no. 3, p. 155-164, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1466046605050210.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"164","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133015,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-03-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad8e4b07f02db6849c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gillette, S.C.","contributorId":102844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gillette","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lamb, B. L.","contributorId":6395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamb","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1015295,"text":"1015295 - 2005 - Hybridization of Tamarix ramosissima and T. chinensis (saltcedars) with T. aphylla (athel) (tamaricaceae) in the southwestern USA dertermined from DNA sequence data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-01T15:19:00","indexId":"1015295","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2639,"text":"Madroño","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Hybridization of i>Tamarix ramosissima</i> and <i>T. chinensis</i> (saltcedars) with <i>T. aphylla</i> (athel) (tamaricaceae) in the southwestern USA dertermined from DNA sequence data","title":"Hybridization of Tamarix ramosissima and T. chinensis (saltcedars) with T. aphylla (athel) (tamaricaceae) in the southwestern USA dertermined from DNA sequence data","docAbstract":"<p>Morphological intermediates between <i>Tamarix ramosissima</i> or <i>T. chinensis</i> (saltcedars) and <i>T. aphylla</i> (athel) were found recently in three locations in the southwestern USA, and were assumed to be hybrids or a previously unreported species. We sequenced chloroplast and nuclear DNA from putative parental and hybrid morphotypes and hybrid status of morphological intermediates was supported. Chloroplast data suggest that the seed source for these hybrids is <i>T. aphylla</i>. Invasive <i>T. aphylla</i> genotypes found in Australia match those found in the USA. Seed was collected from one of the hybrids, and a low percentage of it was viable. This hybrid combination has not been previously reported in the USA or the native ranges of the species. Although populations of this novel <i>Tamarix</i> hybrid appear to be uncommon at present, both parental species are considered invasive (saltcedars in North America; athel in Australia), and it is possible that more aggressive hybrid genotypes could be produced. Therefore, natural resource managers concerned with the potential spread of non-native species should be aware of the existence of these plants and monitor their future spread.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"California Botanical Society","doi":"10.3120/0024-9637(2005)52[1:HOTRAT]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Gaskin, J.F., and Shafroth, P.B., 2005, Hybridization of Tamarix ramosissima and T. chinensis (saltcedars) with T. aphylla (athel) (tamaricaceae) in the southwestern USA dertermined from DNA sequence data: Madroño, v. 52, no. 1, p. 1-10, https://doi.org/10.3120/0024-9637(2005)52[1:HOTRAT]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"10","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132558,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a52e4b07f02db62a39a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gaskin, John F.","contributorId":39307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaskin","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shafroth, Patrick B. 0000-0002-6064-871X shafrothp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6064-871X","contributorId":2000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shafroth","given":"Patrick","email":"shafrothp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":322792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1015261,"text":"1015261 - 2005 - Resilience of willow stems after release from intense elk browsing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-28T10:13:11","indexId":"1015261","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3228,"text":"Rangeland Ecology and Management","onlineIssn":"1551-5028","printIssn":"1550-7424","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Resilience of willow stems after release from intense elk browsing","docAbstract":"<p>The resilience of willow (<i>Salix monticola</i> Bebb, <i>Salix geyeriana</i> Anderss., <i>Salix planifolia</i> Pursh) stems released from intense elk (<i>Cervus elaphus</i>) browsing in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, was quantified in 1998 with a retrospective study that compared biomass, number, and length of segments on willow stems located inside (protected) and outside (browsed) elk exclosures. Segment biomass increased each year after protection by about 3–12 g year<sup>−1</sup> on browsed stems and 10–27 g year<sup>−1</sup> on protected stems. The number of segments on stems was similar for browsed and protected stems in the first 2 years after exclusion but differed in the next 3 years, when they increased exponentially on protected stems. Nearly 80% of segments on browsed stems were &lt; 5 cm in length in 1994–1997, which caused stems to develop a short-hedged morphology. Protected stems had more long segments and fewer short segments than browsed stems for the first 3 years, but then increased their number of short segments as stems became tall and bushy. Thus, evidence suggests short-hedged willow stems are highly resilient and can rapidly recover height and vigor after protection from intense elk browsing.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Range Management","doi":"10.2111/05-043R.1","usgsCitation":"Baker, B., Peinetti, H., and Coughenour, M., 2005, Resilience of willow stems after release from intense elk browsing: Rangeland Ecology and Management, v. 58, no. 6, p. 575-581, https://doi.org/10.2111/05-043R.1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"575","endPage":"581","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477845,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10150/643383","text":"External Repository"},{"id":132873,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"58","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db629eae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baker, B.W.","contributorId":18707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"B.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peinetti, H.R.","contributorId":38115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peinetti","given":"H.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coughenour, M.B.","contributorId":46473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coughenour","given":"M.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70006467,"text":"70006467 - 2005 - Occurrence and growth characteristics of <i>Escherichia coli</i> and enterococci within the accumulated fluid of the northern pitcher plant (Sarracenia purpurea L.)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-16T16:42:48.966157","indexId":"70006467","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1172,"text":"Canadian Journal of Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Occurrence and growth characteristics of <i>Escherichia coli</i> and enterococci within the accumulated fluid of the northern pitcher plant (<i>Sarracenia purpurea</i> L.)","title":"Occurrence and growth characteristics of <i>Escherichia coli</i> and enterococci within the accumulated fluid of the northern pitcher plant (Sarracenia purpurea L.)","docAbstract":"<p><i>Sarracenia purpurea</i> L., a carnivorous bog plant (also known as the pitcher plant), represents an excellent model of a well-defined, self-contained ecosystem; the individual pitchers of the plant serve as a microhabitat for a variety of micro- and macro-organisms. Previously, fecal indicator bacteria (<i>Escherichia coli</i> and enterococci) were shown as incidental contaminants in pitcher fluid; however, whether their occurrence in pitcher fluid is incidental or common has not been established. The purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence, distribution, and growth potential of E. coli and enterococci in pitcher plant fluid from a protected bog in northwest Indiana. <i>Escherichia coli</i> and enterococci were recovered in pitcher fluids (n = 43 plants), with mean densities (log CFU mL<sup>-1</sup>) of 1.28 &plusmn; 0.23 and 1.97 &plusmn; 0.27, respectively. In vitro experiments showed that E. <i>coli</i> growth in fluid not containing insects or indigenous organisms was directly proportional to the fluid concentration (growth was 10-fold in 24 h in 100% fluid); however, in the presence of other indigenous organisms, E. <i>col</i>i and enterococci were only sustained for 5 days at 26 &Acirc;&deg;C. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis showed that the plant <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> isolates were genetically distinct from the human isolates; identical PFGE patterns were observed among plant isolates that fell into one of six clonal groups. These findings suggest that (<i>i</i>) E. <i>coli</i> and enterococci occurrence in pitcher plants is rather common in the bog studied, although their originating source is unclear, and (<i>ii</i>) the pitcher fluid contains adequate nutrients, especially carbon and energy sources, to promote the growth of indicator bacteria; however, under natural conditions, the biotic factors (e.g., competition for nutrients) may restrict their growth.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/w05-091","usgsCitation":"Whitman, R.L., Byers, S.E., Shively, D.A., Ferguson, D.M., and Byappanahalli, M., 2005, Occurrence and growth characteristics of <i>Escherichia coli</i> and enterococci within the accumulated fluid of the northern pitcher plant (Sarracenia purpurea L.): Canadian Journal of Microbiology, v. 51, no. 12, p. 1027-1037, https://doi.org/10.1139/w05-091.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1027","endPage":"1037","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321047,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50b49dbce4b0b3fb1a229178","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whitman, Richard L. rwhitman@usgs.gov","contributorId":542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitman","given":"Richard","email":"rwhitman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":513571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Byers, Stacey E.","contributorId":25835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byers","given":"Stacey","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":513574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shively, Dawn A. dshively@usgs.gov","contributorId":2051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shively","given":"Dawn","email":"dshively@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":513572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ferguson, Donna M.","contributorId":85060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferguson","given":"Donna","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":513575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara N. byappan@usgs.gov","contributorId":3324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byappanahalli","given":"Muruleedhara N.","email":"byappan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":513573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":1003312,"text":"1003312 - 2005 - Efficacy of a benthic trawl for sampling small-bodied fishes in large river systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-27T16:06:43.321269","indexId":"1003312","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Efficacy of a benthic trawl for sampling small-bodied fishes in large river systems","docAbstract":"<p><span>We conducted a study from 1998 to 2001 to determine the efficacy of a benthic trawl designed to increase species detection and reduce the incidence of zero catches of small-bodied fishes. We modified a standard two-seam slingshot balloon trawl by covering the entire trawl with a small-mesh cover. After completing 281 hauls with the modified (Missouri) trawl, we discovered that most fish passed through the body of the standard trawl and were captured in the cover. Logistic regression indicated no noticeable effect of the cover on the catch entering the standard portion of the modified trawl. However, some fishes (e.g., larval sturgeons Scaphirhynchus spp. and pallid sturgeon S. albus) were exclusively captured in the small-mesh cover, while the catch of small-bodied adult fish (e.g., chubs Macrhybopsis spp.) was significantly improved by use of the small-mesh cover design. The Missouri trawl significantly increased the number and species of small-bodied fishes captured over previously used designs and is a useful method for sampling the benthic fish community in moderate- to large-size river systems.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/M03-157.1","usgsCitation":"Herzog, D.P., Barko, V., Scheibe, J.S., Hrabik, R.A., and Ostendorf, D.W., 2005, Efficacy of a benthic trawl for sampling small-bodied fishes in large river systems: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 25, no. 2, p. 594-603, https://doi.org/10.1577/M03-157.1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"594","endPage":"603","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134449,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a25e4b07f02db60eb5d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herzog, David P.","contributorId":68654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herzog","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barko, Valerie","contributorId":148009,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barko","given":"Valerie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16971,"text":"Missouri Department of Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":313101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scheibe, J. S.","contributorId":8412,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scheibe","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hrabik, Robert A.","contributorId":148008,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hrabik","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":16971,"text":"Missouri Department of Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":313099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ostendorf, David W.","contributorId":187691,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ostendorf","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":1001777,"text":"1001777 - 2005 - Landscape composition, patch size, and distance to edges: Interactions affecting duck reproductive success","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-16T10:55:32","indexId":"1001777","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landscape composition, patch size, and distance to edges: Interactions affecting duck reproductive success","docAbstract":"<p><span>Prairies and other North American grasslands, although highly fragmented, provide breeding habitat for a diverse array of species, including species of tremendous economic and ecological importance. Conservation and management of these species requires some understanding of how reproductive success is affected by edge effects, patch size, and characteristics of the landscape. We examined how differences in the percentage of grassland in the landscape influenced the relationships between the success of nests of upland-nesting ducks and (1) field size and (2) distance to nearest field and wetland edges. We collected data on study areas composed of 15–20% grassland and areas composed of 45–55% grassland in central North Dakota, USA during the 1996 and 1997 nesting seasons. Daily survival rates (DSRs) of duck nests were greater in study areas with 45–55% grassland than with 15–20% grassland. Within study areas, we detected a curvilinear relationship between DSR and field size: DSRs were highest in small and large fields and lowest in moderately sized fields. In study areas with 15–20% grassland, there was no relationship between probability of hatching and distance to nearest field edge, whereas in study areas with 45–55% grassland, there was a positive relationship between these two variables. Results of this study support the conclusion that both landscape composition and configuration affect reproductive success of ground-nesting birds. We are prompted to question conservation strategies that favor clustering moderately sized patches of nesting habitat within agricultural landscapes because our results show that such patches would have low nest success, most likely caused by predation. Understanding the pattern of nest success, and the predator–prey mechanisms that produce the pattern, will enable design of patch configurations that are most conducive to meeting conservation goals.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/03-5254","usgsCitation":"Horn, D.J., Phillips, M.L., Koford, R.R., Clark, W.R., Sovada, M.A., and Greenwood, R.J., 2005, Landscape composition, patch size, and distance to edges: Interactions affecting duck reproductive success: Ecological Applications, v. 15, no. 4, p. 1367-1376, https://doi.org/10.1890/03-5254.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1367","endPage":"1376","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133731,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6aba9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Horn, David Joseph","contributorId":174793,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Horn","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"Joseph","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Phillips, Michael L.","contributorId":149855,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Phillips","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koford, Rolf R.","contributorId":16347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koford","given":"Rolf","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Clark, William R.","contributorId":174794,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clark","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sovada, Marsha A. msovada@usgs.gov","contributorId":2601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sovada","given":"Marsha","email":"msovada@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":311747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Greenwood, Raymond J.","contributorId":174570,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greenwood","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70031426,"text":"70031426 - 2005 - Reply to \"Comment on 'How can seismic hazard around the New Madrid seismic zone be similar to that in California?' by Arthur Frankel\", by Zhenming Wang, Baoping Shi, and John D. Kiefer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-03T14:35:02.130098","indexId":"70031426","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reply to \"Comment on 'How can seismic hazard around the New Madrid seismic zone be similar to that in California?' by Arthur Frankel\", by Zhenming Wang, Baoping Shi, and John D. Kiefer","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/gssrl.76.4.472","usgsCitation":"Frankel, A., 2005, Reply to \"Comment on 'How can seismic hazard around the New Madrid seismic zone be similar to that in California?' by Arthur Frankel\", by Zhenming Wang, Baoping Shi, and John D. Kiefer: Seismological Research Letters, v. 76, no. 4, p. 472-475, https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.76.4.472.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"472","endPage":"475","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240135,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"76","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa75be4b0c8380cd8537f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frankel, Arthur","contributorId":103761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frankel","given":"Arthur","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1003772,"text":"1003772 - 2005 - Evaluating coral reef health in American Samoa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-24T13:36:56","indexId":"1003772","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1338,"text":"Coral Reefs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating coral reef health in American Samoa","docAbstract":"<p>The study of coral disease has suffered from an absence of systematic approaches that are commonly used to determine causes of diseases in animals. There is a critical need to develop a standardized and portable nomenclature for coral lesions in the field and to incorporate more commonly available biomedical tools in coral disease surveys to determine the potential causes of lesions in corals. We characterized lesions in corals from American Samoa based on gross and microscopic morphology and classified them as discoloration, growth anomalies, or tissue loss. The most common microscopic finding in corals manifesting discoloration was the depletion of zooxanthellae, followed by necrosis, sometimes associated with invasive algae or fungi. The most common microscopic lesion in corals manifesting tissue loss was cell necrosis often associated with algae, fungi, or protozoa. Corals with growth anomaly had microscopic evidence of hyperplasia of gastrovascular canals, followed by necrosis associated with algae or metazoa (polychaete worms). Several species of apparently normal corals also had microscopic changes, including the presence of bacterial aggregates or crustacea in tissues. A single type of gross lesion (e.g., discoloration) could have different microscopic manifestations. This phenomenon underlines the importance of using microscopy to provide a more systematic description of coral lesions and to detect potential pathogens associated with these lesions.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coral Reefs","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00338-005-0018-0","usgsCitation":"Work, T.M., and Rameyer, R., 2005, Evaluating coral reef health in American Samoa: Coral Reefs, v. 24, no. 3, p. 384-390, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-005-0018-0.","productDescription":"p. 384-390","startPage":"384","endPage":"390","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":135787,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"American Samoa","geographicExtents":"{\n  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     ],\n            [\n              -169.6955108642578,\n              -14.153887127409634\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49efe4b07f02db5edaa4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Work, Thierry M. 0000-0002-4426-9090","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4426-9090","contributorId":34078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Work","given":"Thierry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rameyer, Robert A. 0000-0002-2145-1746","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2145-1746","contributorId":65421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rameyer","given":"Robert A.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":314233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70029444,"text":"70029444 - 2005 - Preliminary analysis of strong-motion recordings from the 28 September 2004 Parkfield, California earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-02T15:52:27.687945","indexId":"70029444","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Preliminary analysis of strong-motion recordings from the 28 September 2004 Parkfield, California earthquake","docAbstract":"<div id=\"12240558\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \"><p>The 2004<span>&nbsp;</span><i>M<sub>w</sub></i><span>&nbsp;</span>6.0 Parkfield earthquake of 28 September 2004 occurred on the San Andreas Fault near the small town of Parkfield in central California. As a result of a widely accepted likelihood of an earthquake in the area, a large number of strong-motion stations and other types of seismic stations had been deployed in the area.</p></div><div id=\"12240559\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \"><p>The Parkfield earthquake occurred along the same segment of the San Andreas Fault that ruptured during the 1966 Parkfield earthquake, resulting in a unique set of strong-motion measurements by arrays designed specifically for the purpose of recording an event along this fault segment. The most extensive and dense set of near-fault strong-motion recordings yet obtained for any earthquake in California was obtained in this event. This paper provides a detailed description of the arrays and the resultant strong-motion measurements of the mainshock, as well as preliminary observations. We also invite interested parties to participate in the Turkey Flat blind prediction experiment, described later in the paper. More general preliminary seismological results for this earthquake can be found in Langbein<span>&nbsp;</span><i>et al.</i><span>&nbsp;</span>(<a class=\"link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr\" data-open=\"REF15\">2005</a>, this issue).</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/gssrl.76.1.27","usgsCitation":"Shakal, A., Graizer, V., Huang, M., Borcherdt, R., Haddadi, H., Lin, K., Stephens, C.D., and Roffers, P., 2005, Preliminary analysis of strong-motion recordings from the 28 September 2004 Parkfield, California earthquake: Seismological Research Letters, v. 76, no. 1, p. 27-39, https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.76.1.27.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"39","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237486,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Parkfield","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.728759765625,\n              35.22767235493586\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.3719482421875,\n              35.22767235493586\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.3719482421875,\n              36.914764288955936\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.728759765625,\n              36.914764288955936\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.728759765625,\n              35.22767235493586\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"76","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a82cde4b0c8380cd7bc58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shakal, Anthony","contributorId":198760,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shakal","given":"Anthony","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graizer, Vladimir","contributorId":138813,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Graizer","given":"Vladimir","affiliations":[{"id":12536,"text":"U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":422775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huang, Moh","contributorId":146970,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huang","given":"Moh","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Borcherdt, Rodger D. 0000-0002-8668-0849","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8668-0849","contributorId":96151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Borcherdt","given":"Rodger D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Haddadi, Hamid","contributorId":39891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haddadi","given":"Hamid","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lin, Kuo-Wan klin@usgs.gov","contributorId":152049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lin","given":"Kuo-Wan","email":"klin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":422771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Stephens, Christopher D. 0000-0003-0858-3709 cdstephens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0858-3709","contributorId":2788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephens","given":"Christopher","email":"cdstephens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":422770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Roffers, P.","contributorId":66471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roffers","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":1003641,"text":"1003641 - 2005 - Exertional myopathy in whooping cranes (Grus americana) with prognostic guidlelines","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-26T16:01:57.259703","indexId":"1003641","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2514,"text":"Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Exertional myopathy in whooping cranes (<i>Grus americana</i>) with prognostic guidlelines","title":"Exertional myopathy in whooping cranes (Grus americana) with prognostic guidlelines","docAbstract":"<p><span>Exertional myopathy developed in three whooping cranes (</span><i><span class=\"genus-species\">Grus americana</span></i><span>) secondary to routine capture, handling, and trauma. Presumptive diagnosis of exertional myopathy was based on history of recent capture or trauma, clinical signs, and elevation of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and serum potassium. Treatments were attempted in each case, but ultimately were not successful. Gross and microscopic lesions at necropsy confirmed the diagnosis in each case, with the leg musculature most severely affected. Guidelines for determining prognosis of exertional myopathy in cranes have been included based on the analysis of these cases and others in the literature. As treatment is largely unrewarding, prevention remains the key in controlling exertional myopathy. Identification of predisposing factors and proper handling, immobilization, and transportation techniques can help prevent development of exertional myopathy in cranes.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Zoo Veterinarians","doi":"10.1638/04-047.1","usgsCitation":"Hanley, C.S., Thomas, N.J., Paul-Murphy, J.R., and Hartup, B.K., 2005, Exertional myopathy in whooping cranes (Grus americana) with prognostic guidlelines: Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, v. 36, no. 3, p. 489-497, https://doi.org/10.1638/04-047.1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"489","endPage":"497","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134168,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af0e4b07f02db691765","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanley, C. S.","contributorId":63777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanley","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thomas, Nancy J. 0000-0002-0161-0391 nthomas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0161-0391","contributorId":1673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Nancy","email":"nthomas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":313785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paul-Murphy, Joanne R.","contributorId":138654,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paul-Murphy","given":"Joanne","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12479,"text":"Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, DA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":313784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hartup, Barry K.","contributorId":112921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartup","given":"Barry","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1003642,"text":"1003642 - 2005 - The impact of disease in the American white pelican in North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-17T13:36:08","indexId":"1003642","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The impact of disease in the American white pelican in North America","docAbstract":"<p>Records of reported die-offs of the American White Pelican (Pelicanus erythrorhynchos) held by the U.S. Geological Survey National Wildlife Health Center from 1978 through 2003 indicate that type C botulism (caused by Clostridium botulinum) was the major cause of mortality. In 1996, over 15,000 birds, including 8,500 American White Pelicans, were estimated to have died from type C botulism at the Salton Sea in California. This was the largest documented die-off of any pelican species and was estimated to represent 15-20% of the western metapopulation. This event was also notable in that it was the first time that fish, specifically Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus), were implicated as the source of type C botulinum toxin for birds. Type C botulism has recurred in both North American species of pelicans at the Salton Sea every year since, although the magnitude of mortality is much lower. West Nile virus caused mortality in both adult and immature American White Pelicans, but may have a more significant impact on nestlings. Emaciation and mortality is common in pelican nesting colonies. Further clarification of the cause of nestling mortality and the ability to differentiate background mortality from mortality due to infectious disease agents such as West Nile virus and Newcastle disease virus would be important in determining the impact of disease in pelicans. Although definitive conclusions cannot be drawn, the number of die-offs and the estimated losses of American White Pelicans appears to have increased along with declines in number in western U.S.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Waterbird Society","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695(2005)28[87:TIODIT]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Rocke, T.E., Converse, K.A., Meteyer, C.U., and McLean, R., 2005, The impact of disease in the American white pelican in North America: Waterbirds, v. 28, no. 1, p. 87-94, https://doi.org/10.1675/1524-4695(2005)28[87:TIODIT]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"94","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":135836,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United 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Tonie E. 0000-0003-3933-1563 trocke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3933-1563","contributorId":2665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rocke","given":"Tonie","email":"trocke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":313789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Converse, Kathryn A. kathy_converse@usgs.gov","contributorId":16802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Converse","given":"Kathryn","email":"kathy_converse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meteyer, Carol U. 0000-0002-4007-3410 cmeteyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4007-3410","contributorId":111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meteyer","given":"Carol","email":"cmeteyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"U.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":313787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McLean, R.","contributorId":107230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLean","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1003332,"text":"1003332 - 2005 - A comparison of internal and external radio transmitters with northern leopard frogs (Rana pipiens)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:12","indexId":"1003332","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1898,"text":"Herpetological Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comparison of internal and external radio transmitters with northern leopard frogs (Rana pipiens)","docAbstract":"Abstract has not been submitted","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetological Review","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Weick, S., Knutson, M.G., Knights, B., and Pember, B., 2005, A comparison of internal and external radio transmitters with northern leopard frogs (Rana pipiens): Herpetological Review, v. 36, no. 4, p. 415-421.","productDescription":"pp. 415-421","startPage":"415","endPage":"421","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":176917,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b27e4b07f02db6b0f86","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weick, S.E.","contributorId":58246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weick","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knutson, M. G.","contributorId":55375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knutson","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knights, B.C. 0000-0001-8526-8468","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8526-8468","contributorId":42937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knights","given":"B.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pember, B.C.","contributorId":55512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pember","given":"B.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1003333,"text":"1003333 - 2005 - Efficacy of formalin and hydrogen peroxide to increase survival of channel catfish infected with saprolegniasis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-27T16:02:50.774808","indexId":"1003333","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2885,"text":"North American Journal of Aquaculture","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Efficacy of formalin and hydrogen peroxide to increase survival of channel catfish infected with saprolegniasis","docAbstract":"<p><span>The efficacy of formalin and hydrogen peroxide to increase survival associated with external saprolegniasis on fingerlings of channel catfish&nbsp;</span><i>Ictalurus punctatus</i><span>&nbsp;was evaluated in four laboratory trials. Fungal epizootics were initiated according to procedures developed in a fungal-disease model. Fish were abraded with a dremel tool and then placed in an aerated static infection tank containing fungal-infected hemp seeds held in teaballs that were suspended in 100 L of water for 24 h (trials 1–3) or 6 h (trial 4). In the formalin trials, treatment regimens of 0, 82, and 166 mg/L (trial 1) or 0 and 83 mg/L (trial 2) were administered to channel catfish for 60 min once every other day for a total of three treatments (trial 1) or once daily for a total of seven treatments (trial 2). In the hydrogen peroxide trials, treatment regimens of 0, 75, and 102 mg/L (trial 3) or 0 and 75 mg/L (trial 4) were administered to channel catfish for 60 min once every other day for a total of three treatments. Each treatment regimen was tested in triplicate, with 10 fish per replicate. Formalin exposures of 83 (seven treatments; 33% survival) and 166 mg/L (three treatments; 63% survival) for 60 min significantly (</span><i>P</i><span>&nbsp;≤ 0.01) increased channel catfish survival in comparison with controls (of which 3% and 13%, respectively, survived). In trial 4, hydrogen peroxide exposure of 75 mg/L (63% survival) for 60 min significantly (</span><i>P</i><span>&nbsp;≤ 0.01) increased channel catfish survival in comparison with the untreated controls (13% survival). Formalin and hydrogen peroxide treatments were effective in increasing survival in channel catfish infected with fungus.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/A04-069.1","usgsCitation":"Rach, J.J., Schreier, T.M., Gaikowski, M.P., and Schleis, S., 2005, Efficacy of formalin and hydrogen peroxide to increase survival of channel catfish infected with saprolegniasis: North American Journal of Aquaculture, v. 67, no. 4, p. 312-318, https://doi.org/10.1577/A04-069.1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"312","endPage":"318","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199215,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"67","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a25e4b07f02db60ebef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rach, Jeff J.","contributorId":38875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rach","given":"Jeff","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schreier, Theresa M. 0000-0001-7722-6292 tschreier@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7722-6292","contributorId":3344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreier","given":"Theresa","email":"tschreier@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":313125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gaikowski, Mark P. 0000-0002-6507-9341 mgaikowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6507-9341","contributorId":147779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaikowski","given":"Mark","email":"mgaikowski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":313126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schleis, Susan M.","contributorId":97778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schleis","given":"Susan M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1008495,"text":"1008495 - 2005 - Predation vulnerability of two gobies (Microgobius gulosus; Gobiosoma robustum) is not related to presence of seagrass","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:30","indexId":"1008495","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1672,"text":"Florida Scientist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predation vulnerability of two gobies (Microgobius gulosus; Gobiosoma robustum) is not related to presence of seagrass","docAbstract":"Abstract not supplied at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Florida Scientist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Schofield, P., 2005, Predation vulnerability of two gobies (Microgobius gulosus; Gobiosoma robustum) is not related to presence of seagrass: Florida Scientist, v. 68, no. 1, p. 25-34.","productDescription":"p. 25-34","startPage":"25","endPage":"34","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131946,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"68","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acfe4b07f02db680333","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schofield, P. J. 0000-0002-8752-2797","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8752-2797","contributorId":80215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schofield","given":"P. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70028775,"text":"70028775 - 2005 - Two-stage sequential sampling: A neighborhood-free adaptive sampling procedure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:56","indexId":"70028775","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2151,"text":"Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Two-stage sequential sampling: A neighborhood-free adaptive sampling procedure","docAbstract":"Designing an efficient sampling scheme for a rare and clustered population is a challenging area of research. Adaptive cluster sampling, which has been shown to be viable for such a population, is based on sampling a neighborhood of units around a unit that meets a specified condition. However, the edge units produced by sampling neighborhoods have proven to limit the efficiency and applicability of adaptive cluster sampling. We propose a sampling design that is adaptive in the sense that the final sample depends on observed values, but it avoids the use of neighborhoods and the sampling of edge units. Unbiased estimators of population total and its variance are derived using Murthy's estimator. The modified two-stage sampling design is easy to implement and can be applied to a wider range of populations than adaptive cluster sampling. We evaluate the proposed sampling design by simulating sampling of two real biological populations and an artificial population for which the variable of interest took the value either 0 or 1 (e.g., indicating presence and absence of a rare event). We show that the proposed sampling design is more efficient than conventional sampling in nearly all cases. The approach used to derive estimators (Murthy's estimator) opens the door for unbiased estimators to be found for similar sequential sampling designs. ?? 2005 American Statistical Association and the International Biometric Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1198/108571105X28183","issn":"10857117","usgsCitation":"Salehi, M., and Smith, D., 2005, Two-stage sequential sampling: A neighborhood-free adaptive sampling procedure: Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics, v. 10, no. 1, p. 84-103, https://doi.org/10.1198/108571105X28183.","startPage":"84","endPage":"103","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209714,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1198/108571105X28183"},{"id":236406,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb9a2e4b08c986b327ce0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Salehi, M.","contributorId":94483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Salehi","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, D. R. 0000-0001-6074-9257","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6074-9257","contributorId":44108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"D. R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":419699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70028776,"text":"70028776 - 2005 - Use of tracers and isotopes to evaluate vulnerability of water in domestic wells to septic waste","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-31T09:28:18","indexId":"70028776","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1864,"text":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of tracers and isotopes to evaluate vulnerability of water in domestic wells to septic waste","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>In Nebraska, a large number (&gt;200) of shallow sand‐point and cased wells completed in coarse alluvial sediments along rivers and lakes still are used to obtain drinking water for human consumption, even though construction of sand‐point wells for consumptive uses has been banned since 1987. The quality of water from shallow domestic wells potentially vulnerable to seepage from septic systems was evaluated by analyzing for the presence of tracers and multiple isotopes. Samples were collected from 26 sand‐point and perforated, cased domestic wells and were analyzed for bacteria, coliphages, nitrogen species, nitrogen and boron isotopes, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), prescription and nonprescription drugs, or organic waste water contaminants. At least 13 of the 26 domestic well samples showed some evidence of septic system effects based on the results of several tracers including DOC, coliphages, NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>, N<sub>2</sub>, δ<sup>15</sup>N[NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>] and boron isotopes, and antibiotics and other drugs. Sand‐point wells within 30 m of a septic system and &lt;14 m deep in a shallow, thin aquifer had the most tracers detected and the highest values, indicating the greatest vulnerability to contamination from septic waste.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6592.2005.0015.x","issn":"10693629","usgsCitation":"Verstraeten, I., Fetterman, G., Meyer, M., Bullen, T., and Sebree, S., 2005, Use of tracers and isotopes to evaluate vulnerability of water in domestic wells to septic waste: Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation, v. 25, no. 2, p. 107-117, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2005.0015.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"107","endPage":"117","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486914,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usgsstaffpub/1215","text":"External Repository"},{"id":236407,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209715,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2005.0015.x"}],"volume":"25","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-05-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbfa5e4b08c986b329cab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Verstraeten, Ingrid M.","contributorId":61033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verstraeten","given":"Ingrid M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fetterman, G.S.","contributorId":87349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fetterman","given":"G.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meyer, M.J.","contributorId":20959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bullen, T.","contributorId":102651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullen","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sebree, S.K.","contributorId":76814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sebree","given":"S.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70028855,"text":"70028855 - 2005 - Distribution, foraging behavior, and capture results of the spotted bat (Euderma maculatum) in central Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:57","indexId":"70028855","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3746,"text":"Western North American Naturalist","onlineIssn":"1944-8341","printIssn":"1527-0904","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution, foraging behavior, and capture results of the spotted bat (Euderma maculatum) in central Oregon","docAbstract":"The spotted bat (Euderma maculatum) has been virtually unknown in Oregon despite the existence of potential habitat in many areas of the state. In 2002 and 2003 we searched for spotted bats along the John Day, Deschutes, and Crooked Rivers and at a remote dry canyon southeast of the city of Bend in central Oregon. The species was documented through the use of mist-nets, a bat detector, and recognition of audible spotted bat calls. Spotted bats were found at 11 locations in 6 Oregon counties. Nightly activity patterns of spotted bats were unpredictable. Spotted bats were found in 78% of search areas but on only 48% of survey nights. We observed spotted bats foraging above fields and low upland slopes adjacent to rivers and creeks and along the rims of cliffs. Estimated flying heights of spotted bats ranged from 3 m to 50 m aboveground. The species was difficult to capture and was captured only after considerable experimentation with methods and materials. Three spotted bats were captured toward the end of the project in 2003 and accounted for only 0.5% of all bats captured during the study. Although we attached radio transmitters to 2 spotted bats, we found no roost locations. We believe additional spotted bat surveys in Oregon are warranted, especially in higher-elevation habitats, but recommend that to increase their effectiveness, surveys accommodate the unique foraging behavior of the species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Western North American Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"15270904","usgsCitation":"Rodhouse, T., McCaffrey, M., and Wright, R., 2005, Distribution, foraging behavior, and capture results of the spotted bat (Euderma maculatum) in central Oregon: Western North American Naturalist, v. 65, no. 2, p. 215-222.","startPage":"215","endPage":"222","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236482,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"65","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a031ee4b0c8380cd5034f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rodhouse, T.J.","contributorId":10978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodhouse","given":"T.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCaffrey, M.F.","contributorId":90095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCaffrey","given":"M.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wright, R.G.","contributorId":9622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70161792,"text":"70161792 - 2005 - Inducible defenses in food webs: Chapter 3.4","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-06T10:17:46","indexId":"70161792","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesNumber":"3","subseriesTitle":"Theoretical Ecology Series","title":"Inducible defenses in food webs: Chapter 3.4","docAbstract":"<p><span>This chapter reviews the predicted effects of induced defenses on trophic structure and two aspects of stability, &ldquo;local&rdquo; stability and persistence, as well as presenting novel results on a third, resilience. Food webs are structures of populations in a given location organized according to their predator&ndash;prey interactions. Interaction strengths and, therefore, prey defenses are generally recognized as important ecological factors affecting food webs. Despite this, surprisingly, little light has been shed on the food web-level consequences of inducible defenses. Inducible defenses occur in many taxa in both terrestrial and aquatic food webs. They include refuge use, reduced activity, adaptive life history changes, the production of toxins, synomones and extrafloral nectar, and the formation of colonies, helmets, thorns, or spines. In the chapter, theoretical results for the effects of inducible defenses on trophic structure and the three aspects of stability are reviewed. This is done, in part, using bifurcation analysis&mdash;a type of analysis that is applied to nonlinear dynamic systems described by a set of ordinary differential or difference equations. The work presented in the chapter suggests that heterogeneity, as caused by induced defenses in prey species, has major effects on the functioning of food webs. Inducible defenses occur in many species in both aquatic and terrestrial systems, and theoretical work indicates they have major effects on important food web properties such as trophic structure, local stability, persistence, and resilience.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Dynamic food webs: Multispecies assemblages, ecosystem development, and environmental change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/B978-012088458-2/50013-8","usgsCitation":"Vos, M., Kooi, B.W., DeAngelis, D., and Mooij, W.M., 2005, Inducible defenses in food webs: Chapter 3.4, chap. <i>of</i> Dynamic food webs: Multispecies assemblages, ecosystem development, and environmental change, p. 114-127, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012088458-2/50013-8.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"114","endPage":"127","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313911,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"568e4915e4b0e7a44bc419e7","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"de Ruiter, Peter","contributorId":152070,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"de Ruiter","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587786,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wolters, Volkmar","contributorId":152071,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wolters","given":"Volkmar","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587787,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moore, John C.","contributorId":152072,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moore","given":"John C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587788,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Melville-Smith, Kimberly","contributorId":152073,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Melville-Smith","given":"Kimberly","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587789,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Vos, Matthijs","contributorId":152068,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vos","given":"Matthijs","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kooi, Bob W.","contributorId":152069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kooi","given":"Bob","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DeAngelis, Donald L. 0000-0002-1570-4057 don_deangelis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":147289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"Donald L.","email":"don_deangelis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":587782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mooij, Wolf M.","contributorId":94169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mooij","given":"Wolf","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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