The measurement of Cu, Fe, and Zn isotopes in natural samples may provide valuable information about biogeochemical processes in the environment. However, the widespread application of stable Cu, Fe, and Zn isotope chemistry to natural water systems remains limited by our ability to efficiently separate these trace elements from the greater concentrations of matrix elements. In this study, we present a new method for the isolation of Cu, Fe, and Zn from complex aqueous solutions using a single anion-exchange column with hydrochloric acid media. Using this method we are able to quantitatively separate Cu, Fe, and Zn from each other and from matrix elements in a single column elution. Elution of the elements of interest, as well as all other elements, through the anion-exchange column is a function of the speciation of each element in the various concentrations of HCl. We highlight the column chemistry by comparing our observations with published studies that have investigated the speciation of Cu, Fe, and Zn in chloride solutions.
The functionality of the column procedure was tested by measuring Cu, Fe, and Zn isotopes in a variety of stream water samples impacted by acid mine drainage. The accuracy and precision of Zn isotopic measurements was tested by doping Zn-free stream water with the Zn isotopic standard. The reproducibility of the entire column separation process and the overall precision of the isotopic measurements were also evaluated. The isotopic results demonstrate that the Cu, Fe, and Zn column separates from the tested stream waters are of sufficient purity to be analyzed directly using a multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (MC-ICP-MS), and that the measurements are fully-reproducible, accurate, and precise. Although limited in scope, these isotopic measurements reveal significant variations in δ65Cu (− 1.41 to + 0.30‰), δ56Fe (− 0.56 to + 0.34‰), and δ66Zn (0.31 to 0.49‰) among samples collected from different abandoned mines within a single watershed. Hence, Cu, Fe, and Zn isotopic measurements may be a powerful tool for fingerprinting specific metal sources and/or examining biogeochemical reactions within fresh water systems.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2007.04.004","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Borrok, D.M., Wanty, R.B., Ridley, W.I., Wolf, R.E., Lamothe, P.J., and Adams, M., 2007, Separation of copper, iron, and zinc from complex aqueous solutions for isotopic measurement: Chemical Geology, v. 242, no. 3-4, p. 400-414, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2007.04.004.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"400","endPage":"414","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238546,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211281,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2007.04.004"}],"volume":"242","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8d40e4b08c986b3182fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Borrok, David M.","contributorId":26056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Borrok","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wanty, Richard B. 0000-0002-2063-6423 rwanty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2063-6423","contributorId":443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wanty","given":"Richard","email":"rwanty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":430294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ridley, William I. 0000-0001-6787-558X iridley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6787-558X","contributorId":1160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ridley","given":"William","email":"iridley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":430295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wolf, Ruth E. rwolf@usgs.gov","contributorId":903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolf","given":"Ruth","email":"rwolf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":430293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lamothe, Paul J. plamothe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamothe","given":"Paul","email":"plamothe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":430292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Adams, M.","contributorId":81176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70033051,"text":"70033051 - 2007 - The lakes of Titan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-07T16:40:59","indexId":"70033051","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The lakes of Titan","docAbstract":"The surface of Saturn’s haze-shrouded moon Titan has long been proposed to have oceans or lakes, on the basis of the stability of liquid methane at the surface1,2. Initial visible3 and radar4,5 imaging failed to find any evidence of an ocean, although abundant evidence was found that flowing liquids have existed on the surface5,6. Here we provide definitive evidence for the presence of lakes on the surface of Titan, obtained during the Cassini Radar flyby of Titan on 22 July 2006 (T16). The radar imaging polewards of 70° north shows more than 75 circular to irregular radar-dark patches, in a region where liquid methane and ethane are expected to be abundant and stable on the surface2,7. The radar-dark patches are interpreted as lakes on the basis of their very low radar reflectivity and morphological similarities to lakes, including associated channels and location in topographic depressions. Some of the lakes do not completely fill the depressions in which they lie, and apparently dry depressions are present. We interpret this to indicate that lakes are present in a number of states, including partly dry and liquid-filled. These northern-hemisphere lakes constitute the strongest evidence yet that a condensable-liquid hydrological cycle is active in Titan’s surface and atmosphere, in which the lakes are filled through rainfall and/or intersection with the subsurface ‘liquid methane’ table.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/nature05438","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Stofan, E.R., Elachi, C., Lunine, J.I., Lorenz, R.D., Stiles, B., Mitchell, K.L., Ostro, S., Soderblom, L.A., Wood, C., Zebker, H., Wall, S., Janssen, M.A., Kirk, R.L., Lopes, R., Paganelli, F., Radebaugh, J., Wye, L., Anderson, Y., Allison, M., Boehmer, R., Callahan, P., Encrenaz, P., Flamini, E., Francescetti, G., Gim, Y., Hamilton, G., Hensley, S., Johnson, W., Kelleher, K., Muhleman, D., Paillou, P., Picardi, G., Posa, F., Roth, L., Seu, R., Shaffer, S., Vetrella, S., and West, R., 2007, The lakes of Titan: Nature, v. 445, no. 7123, p. 61-64, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature05438.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"61","endPage":"64","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476978,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20150408-080531263","text":"External Repository"},{"id":240746,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Titan","volume":"445","issue":"7123","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bad7ae4b08c986b323c31","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stofan, Ellen R.","contributorId":103746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stofan","given":"Ellen","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elachi, Charles","contributorId":211194,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elachi","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7023,"text":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":439165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lunine, Jonathan I.","contributorId":82447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lunine","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lorenz, Ralf D.","contributorId":147255,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lorenz","given":"Ralf","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stiles, B.","contributorId":59547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stiles","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mitchell, K. L.","contributorId":62734,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mitchell","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ostro, S.","contributorId":78924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostro","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Soderblom, Laurence A. 0000-0002-0917-853X lsoderblom@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0917-853X","contributorId":2721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soderblom","given":"Laurence","email":"lsoderblom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":439166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wood, 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W.T.K.","contributorId":27174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"W.T.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28},{"text":"Kelleher, K.","contributorId":102677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelleher","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":29},{"text":"Muhleman, D.","contributorId":82515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhleman","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":30},{"text":"Paillou, Philipe","contributorId":211181,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paillou","given":"Philipe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":31},{"text":"Picardi, G.","contributorId":21674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Picardi","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":32},{"text":"Posa, F.","contributorId":43552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Posa","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":33},{"text":"Roth, L.","contributorId":70978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roth","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":34},{"text":"Seu, R.","contributorId":53509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seu","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":35},{"text":"Shaffer, S.","contributorId":89709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaffer","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":36},{"text":"Vetrella, S.","contributorId":48374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vetrella","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":37},{"text":"West, R.","contributorId":26996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"West","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":38}]}} ,{"id":70029818,"text":"70029818 - 2007 - Hydrologic significance of carbon monoxide concentrations in ground water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-16T10:55:13","indexId":"70029818","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic significance of carbon monoxide concentrations in ground water","docAbstract":"Dissolved carbon monoxide (CO) is present in ground water produced from a variety of aquifer systems at concentrations ranging from 0.2 to 20 nanomoles per liter (0.0056 to 0.56 μg/L). In two shallow aquifers, one an unconsolidated coastal plain aquifer in Kings Bay, Georgia, and the other a fractured‐bedrock aquifer in West Trenton, New Jersey, long‐term monitoring showed that CO concentrations varied over time by as much as a factor of 10. Field and laboratory evidence suggests that the delivery of dissolved oxygen to the soil zone and underlying aquifers by periodic recharge events stimulates oxic metabolism and produces transiently high CO concentrations. In between recharge events, the aquifers become anoxic and more substrate limited, CO is consumed as a carbon source, and CO concentrations decrease. According to this model, CO concentrations provide a transient record of oxic metabolism affecting ground water systems after dissolved oxygen has been fully consumed. Because the delivery of oxygen affects the fate and transport of natural and anthropogenic contaminants in ground water, CO concentration changes may be useful for identifying predominantly anoxic ground water systems subject to periodic oxic or microaerophilic conditions.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2007.00284.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Chapelle, F.H., and Bradley, P.M., 2007, Hydrologic significance of carbon monoxide concentrations in ground water: Ground Water, v. 45, no. 3, p. 272-280, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2007.00284.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"272","endPage":"280","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240551,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212976,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2007.00284.x"}],"volume":"45","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-03-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a368ae4b0c8380cd607c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chapelle, Francis H. chapelle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"Francis","email":"chapelle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":424458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradley, Paul M. 0000-0001-7522-8606 pbradley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Paul","email":"pbradley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":424457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70033049,"text":"70033049 - 2007 - A field investigation of phreatophyte‐induced fluctuations in the water table","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-03T17:32:19","indexId":"70033049","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A field investigation of phreatophyte‐induced fluctuations in the water table","docAbstract":"Hydrographs from shallow wells in vegetated riparian zones frequently display a distinctive pattern of diurnal water table fluctuations produced by variations in plant water use. A multisite investigation assessed the major controls on these fluctuations and the ecohydrologic insights that can be gleaned from them. Spatial and temporal variations in the amplitude of the fluctuations are primarily a function of variations in (1) the meteorological drivers of plant water use, (2) vegetation density, type, and vitality, and (3) the specific yield of sediments in the vicinity of the water table. Past hydrologic conditions experienced by the riparian zone vegetation, either in previous years or earlier within the same growing season, are also an important control. Diurnal water table fluctuations can be considered a diagnostic indicator of groundwater consumption by phreatophytes at most sites, so the information embedded within these fluctuations should be more widely exploited in ecohydrologic studies.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2005WR004627","usgsCitation":"Butler, J.J., Kluitenberg, G.J., Whittemore, D.O., Loheide, S.P., Jin, W., Billinger, M.A., and Zhan, X., 2007, A field investigation of phreatophyte‐induced fluctuations in the water table: Water Resources Research, v. 43, no. 2, Article W02404; 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2005WR004627.","productDescription":"Article W02404; 12 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477034,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2005wr004627","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240712,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-02-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e3d3e4b0c8380cd46241","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butler, James J. Jr.","contributorId":199860,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Butler","given":"James","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kluitenberg, Gerard J.","contributorId":93706,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kluitenberg","given":"Gerard","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Whittemore, Donald O.","contributorId":28748,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whittemore","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Loheide, Steven P. II","contributorId":62377,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loheide","given":"Steven","suffix":"II","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jin, Wei","contributorId":169363,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jin","given":"Wei","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Billinger, Mark A.","contributorId":117268,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Billinger","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Zhan, Xiaoyong","contributorId":140206,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhan","given":"Xiaoyong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70030860,"text":"70030860 - 2007 - Investigation of reductive dechlorination supported by natural organic carbon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-16T11:28:56","indexId":"70030860","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1864,"text":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Investigation of reductive dechlorination supported by natural organic carbon","docAbstract":"Because remediation timeframes using monitored natural attenuation may span decades or even centuries at chlorinated solvent sites, new approaches are needed to assess the long-term sustainability of reductive dechlorination in ground water systems. In this study, extraction procedures were used to investigate the mass of indigenous organic carbon in aquifer sediment, and experiments were conducted to determine if the extracted carbon could support reductive dechlorination of chloroethenes. Aquifer sediment cores were collected from a site without an anthropogenic source of organic carbon where organic carbon varied from 0.02% to 0.12%. Single extraction results showed that 1% to 28% of sediment-associated organic carbon and 2% to 36% of the soft carbon were removed depending on nature and concentration of the extracting solution (Nanopure water; 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1.0% sodium pyrophosphate; and 0.5 N sodium hydroxide). Soft carbon is defined as organic carbon oxidized with potassium persulfate and is assumed to serve as a source of biodegradable carbon within the aquifer. Biodegradability studies demonstrated that 20% to 40% of extracted organic carbon was biodegraded aerobically and anaerobically by soil microorganisms in relatively brief tests (45 d). A five-step extraction procedure consisting of 0.1% pyrophosphate and base solutions was investigated to quantify bioavailable organic carbon. Using the extracted carbon as the sole electron donor source, tetrachloroethene was transformed to cis-1,2- dichloroethene and vinyl chloride in anaerobic enrichment culture experiments. Hydrogen gas was produced at levels necessary to sustain reductive dechlorination (>1 nM).
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6592.2007.00173.x","issn":"10693629","usgsCitation":"Rectanus, H.V., Widdowson, M.A., Chapelle, F.H., Kelly, C., and Novak, J.T., 2007, Investigation of reductive dechlorination supported by natural organic carbon: Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation, v. 27, no. 4, p. 53-62, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2007.00173.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"62","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238634,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211358,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2007.00173.x"}],"volume":"27","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-11-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3e94e4b0c8380cd63eb3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rectanus, Heather V.","contributorId":46351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rectanus","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Widdowson, Mark A.","contributorId":90379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Widdowson","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chapelle, Francis H. chapelle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"Francis","email":"chapelle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":428980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kelly, C.A.","contributorId":72564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Novak, John T.","contributorId":41753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Novak","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70030890,"text":"70030890 - 2007 - Ecohydrological controls on soil moisture and hydraulic conductivity within a pinyon‐juniper woodland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-03T12:16:30","indexId":"70030890","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecohydrological controls on soil moisture and hydraulic conductivity within a pinyon‐juniper woodland","docAbstract":"The impact of pinyon‐juniper woodland encroachment on rangeland ecosystems is often associated with a reduction of streamflow and recharge and an increase in soil erosion. The objective of this study is to investigate vegetational control on seasonal soil hydrologic properties along a 15‐m transect in pinyon‐juniper woodland with biocrust. We demonstrate that the juniper tree controls soil water content (SWC) patterns directly under the canopy via interception, and beyond the canopy via shading in a preferred orientation, opposite to the prevailing wind direction. The juniper also controls the SWC and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity measured close to water saturation (K(h)) under the canopy by the creation of soil water repellency due to needle drop. We use this information to refine the hydrologic functional unit (HFU) concept into three interacting hydrologic units: canopy patches, intercanopy patches, and a transitional unit formed by intercanopy patches in the rain shadow of the juniper tree. Spatial autoregressive state‐space models show the close relationship between K(h) close to soil water saturation and SWC at medium and low levels, integrating a number of influences on hydraulic conductivity.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2006WR005398","usgsCitation":"Lebron, I., Madsen, M., Chandler, D., Robinson, D., Wendroth, O., and Belnap, J., 2007, Ecohydrological controls on soil moisture and hydraulic conductivity within a pinyon‐juniper woodland: Water Resources Research, v. 43, no. 8, Article W08422; 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2006WR005398.","productDescription":"Article W08422; 15 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477215,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2006wr005398","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":238530,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-08-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a053de4b0c8380cd50d04","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lebron, I.","contributorId":94170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lebron","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Madsen, M.D.","contributorId":37216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madsen","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chandler, D.G.","contributorId":105180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chandler","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Robinson, D.A.","contributorId":64895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wendroth, O.","contributorId":82533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wendroth","given":"O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Belnap, J. 0000-0001-7471-2279","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":23872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70030891,"text":"70030891 - 2007 - Isotopic analysis of N and O in nitrite and nitrate by sequential selective bacterial reduction to N2O","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-17T08:54:35","indexId":"70030891","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":761,"text":"Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Isotopic analysis of N and O in nitrite and nitrate by sequential selective bacterial reduction to N2O","title":"Isotopic analysis of N and O in nitrite and nitrate by sequential selective bacterial reduction to N2O","docAbstract":"Nitrite is an important intermediate species in the biogeochemical cycling of nitrogen, but its role in natural aquatic systems is poorly understood. Isotopic data can be used to study the sources and transformations of NO2- in the environment, but methods for independent isotopic analyses of NO2- in the presence of other N species are still new and evolving. This study demonstrates that isotopic analyses of N and O in NO2- can be done by treating whole freshwater or saltwater samples with the denitrifying bacterium Stenotrophomonas nitritireducens, which selectively reduces NO2- to N2O for isotope ratio mass spectrometry. When calibrated with solutions containing NO2- with known isotopic compositions determined independently, reproducible δ15N and δ18O values were obtained at both natural-abundance levels (±0.2−0.5‰ for δ15N and ±0.4−1.0‰ for δ18O) and moderately enriched 15N tracer levels (±20−50‰ for δ15N near 5000‰) for 5−20 nmol of NO2- (1−20 μmol/L in 1−5 mL aliquots). This method is highly selective for NO2-and was used for mixed samples containing both NO2- and NO3- with little or no measurable cross-contamination. In addition, mixed samples that were analyzed with S. nitritireducens were treated subsequently with Pseudomonas aureofaciens to reduce the NO3- in the absence of NO2-, providing isotopic analyses of NO2- and NO3- separately in the same aliquot. Sequential bacterial reduction methods like this one should be useful for a variety of isotopic studies aimed at understanding nitrogen cycling in aquatic environments. A test of these methods in an agricultural watershed in Indiana provides isotopic evidence for both nitrification and denitrification as sources of NO2- in a small stream.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/ac070176k","issn":"00032700","usgsCitation":"Bohlke, J.K., Smith, R.L., and Hannon, J.E., 2007, Isotopic analysis of N and O in nitrite and nitrate by sequential selective bacterial reduction to N2O: Analytical Chemistry, v. 79, no. 15, p. 5888-5895, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac070176k.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"5888","endPage":"5895","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238563,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211294,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac070176k"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","volume":"79","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3f93e4b0c8380cd64613","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bohlke, John Karl 0000-0001-5693-6455 jkbohlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":127841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"John","email":"jkbohlke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Karl","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":429110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Richard L. 0000-0002-3829-0125 rlsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3829-0125","contributorId":1592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"rlsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":429109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hannon, Janet E. jehannon@usgs.gov","contributorId":3177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hannon","given":"Janet","email":"jehannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":429108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031253,"text":"70031253 - 2007 - Input, flux, and persistence of six select pesticides in San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-17T09:43:05","indexId":"70031253","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2040,"text":"International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Input, flux, and persistence of six select pesticides in San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"Temporal patterns of pesticide inputs to San Francisco Bay were identified and correlated with timing of application and transport mechanism. Fluxes were calculated from measured concentrations and estimated flow. Persistence of the pesticides under typical riverine or estuarine conditions were estimated from laboratory experiments. Simazine was detected most frequently and had the highest flux into the Bay, which could be explained by its continuous use and long half-life. In comparison, diazinon was detected at lower concentrations and had a lower flux which corresponded to its lower use and shorter half-life. The order-of-magnitude lower fluxes of carbofuran and methidathion corresponded to their lower use and expected hydrolysis. Molinate was detected at the highest concentration but its flux was lower than expected, considering its very high use and persistence in the laboratory experiments. Additional loss of molinate is likely to occur from volatilization and photodegradation on the rice fields. Although thiobencarb had the second highest use, it had the lowest flux of the six pesticides, which can be attributed to its loss via hydrolysis, photodegradation, volatilization, and sorption to sediments. Fluxes into San Francisco Bay were equal to or greater than those reported for other estuaries, except for the Gulf of Mexico.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1080/03067310701619014","issn":"03067319","usgsCitation":"Kuivila, K., and Jennings, B., 2007, Input, flux, and persistence of six select pesticides in San Francisco Bay: International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, v. 87, no. 13-14, p. 897-911, https://doi.org/10.1080/03067310701619014.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"897","endPage":"911","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238620,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211345,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03067310701619014"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"San Francisco","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.64862060546875,\n 37.391981943533544\n ],\n [\n -121.74362182617188,\n 37.391981943533544\n ],\n [\n -121.74362182617188,\n 38.238180119798635\n ],\n [\n -122.64862060546875,\n 38.238180119798635\n ],\n [\n -122.64862060546875,\n 37.391981943533544\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"87","issue":"13-14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3c10e4b0c8380cd62a40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuivila, Kathryn 0000-0001-7940-489X kkuivila@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7940-489X","contributorId":190790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuivila","given":"Kathryn","email":"kkuivila@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":430746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jennings, B.E.","contributorId":44050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"B.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70030893,"text":"70030893 - 2007 - Water use regimes: Characterizing direct human interaction with hydrologic systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-03T11:40:13","indexId":"70030893","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water use regimes: Characterizing direct human interaction with hydrologic systems","docAbstract":"The sustainability of human water use practices is a rapidly growing concern in the United States and around the world. To better characterize direct human interaction with hydrologic systems (stream basins and aquifers), we introduce the concept of the water use regime. Unlike scalar indicators of anthropogenic hydrologic stress in the literature, the water use regime is a two‐dimensional, vector indicator that can be depicted on simple x‐y plots of normalized human withdrawals (hout) versus normalized human return flows (hin). Four end‐member regimes, natural‐flow‐dominated (undeveloped), human‐flow‐dominated (churned), withdrawal‐dominated (depleted), and return‐flow‐dominated (surcharged), are defined in relation to limiting values of hout and hin. For illustration, the water use regimes of 19 diverse hydrologic systems are plotted and interpreted. Several of these systems, including the Yellow River Basin, China, and the California Central Valley Aquifer, are shown to approach particular end‐member regimes. Spatial and temporal regime variations, both seasonal and long‐term, are depicted. Practical issues of data availability and regime uncertainty are addressed in relation to the statistical properties of the ratio estimators hout and hin. The water use regime is shown to be a useful tool for comparative water resources assessment and for describing both historic and alternative future pathways of water resource development at a range of scales.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2006WR005062","usgsCitation":"Weiskel, P.K., Vogel, R.M., Steeves, P.A., Zarriello, P.J., DeSimone, L.A., and Ries, K., 2007, Water use regimes: Characterizing direct human interaction with hydrologic systems: Water Resources Research, v. 43, no. 4, Article W04402; 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2006WR005062.","productDescription":"Article W04402; 11 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477189,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2006wr005062","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":238597,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-04-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bccbfe4b08c986b32dcdc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weiskel, Peter K. pweiskel@usgs.gov","contributorId":1099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiskel","given":"Peter","email":"pweiskel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":429116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vogel, Richard M.","contributorId":66811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogel","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Steeves, Peter A. 0000-0001-7558-9719 psteeves@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7558-9719","contributorId":1873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steeves","given":"Peter","email":"psteeves@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":429115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zarriello, Philip J.","contributorId":21588,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zarriello","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"DeSimone, Leslie A. 0000-0003-0774-9607 ldesimon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0774-9607","contributorId":195635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeSimone","given":"Leslie","email":"ldesimon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":429117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ries, Kernell G. III kries@usgs.gov","contributorId":1913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ries","given":"Kernell G.","suffix":"III","email":"kries@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":429112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70033015,"text":"70033015 - 2007 - Persistence of pharmaceuticals and other organic compounds in chlorinated drinking water as a function of time","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-17T08:38:40","indexId":"70033015","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Persistence of pharmaceuticals and other organic compounds in chlorinated drinking water as a function of time","docAbstract":"Ninety eight pharmaceuticals and other organic compounds (POOCs) that were amended to samples of chlorinated drinking-water were extracted and analyzed 1, 3, 6, 8, and 10 days after amendment to determine whether the total chlorine residual reacted with the amended POOCs in drinking water in a time frame similar to the residence time of drinking water in a water distribution system.
Results indicated that if all 98 were present in the finished drinking water from a drinking-water treatment plant using free chlorine at 1.2 mg/L as the distribution system disinfectant residual, 52 POOCs would be present in the drinking water after 10 days at approximately the same concentration as in the newly finished drinking water. Concentrations of 16 POOCs would be reduced by 32% to 92%, and 22 POOCs would react completely with residual chlorine within 24 h. Thus, the presence of free chlorine residual is an effective means for transforming some POOCs during distribution.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science of the Total Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.11.003","issn":"00489697","usgsCitation":"Gibs, J., Stackelberg, P.E., Furlong, E.T., Meyer, M.T., Zaugg, S.D., and Lippincott, R., 2007, Persistence of pharmaceuticals and other organic compounds in chlorinated drinking water as a function of time: Science of the Total Environment, v. 373, no. 1, p. 240-249, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.11.003.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"240","endPage":"249","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240744,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213148,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.11.003"}],"volume":"373","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a76eee4b0c8380cd7839d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gibs, Jacob jgibs@usgs.gov","contributorId":1729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibs","given":"Jacob","email":"jgibs@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":438981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stackelberg, Paul E. 0000-0002-1818-355X pestack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1818-355X","contributorId":1069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stackelberg","given":"Paul","email":"pestack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":438978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Furlong, Edward T. 0000-0002-7305-4603 efurlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7305-4603","contributorId":740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furlong","given":"Edward","email":"efurlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":438983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meyer, Michael T. 0000-0001-6006-7985 mmeyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-7985","contributorId":866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Michael","email":"mmeyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":438982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zaugg, Steven D. sdzaugg@usgs.gov","contributorId":768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zaugg","given":"Steven","email":"sdzaugg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":438980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lippincott, R.L.","contributorId":73817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lippincott","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70029714,"text":"70029714 - 2007 - Correcting acoustic Doppler current profiler discharge measurement bias from moving-bed conditions without global positioning during the 2004 Glen Canyon Dam controlled flood on the Colorado River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:38","indexId":"70029714","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2622,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography: Methods","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Correcting acoustic Doppler current profiler discharge measurement bias from moving-bed conditions without global positioning during the 2004 Glen Canyon Dam controlled flood on the Colorado River","docAbstract":"Discharge measurements were made by acoustic Doppler current profiler at two locations on the Colorado River during the 2004 controlled flood from Glen Canyon Dam, Arizona. Measurement hardware and software have constantly improved from the 1980s such that discharge measurements by acoustic profiling instruments are now routinely made over a wide range of hydrologic conditions. However, measurements made with instruments deployed from moving boats require reliable boat velocity data for accurate measurements of discharge. This is normally accomplished by using special acoustic bottom track pings that sense instrument motion over bottom. While this method is suitable for most conditions, high current flows that produce downstream bed sediment movement create a condition known as moving bed that will bias velocities and discharge to lower than actual values. When this situation exists, one solution is to determine boat velocity with satellite positioning information. Another solution is to use a lower frequency instrument. Discharge measurements made during the 2004 Glen Canyon controlled flood were subject to moving-bed conditions and frequent loss of bottom track. Due to site conditions and equipment availability, the measurements were conducted without benefit of external positioning information or lower frequency instruments. This paper documents and evaluates several techniques used to correct the resulting underestimated discharge measurements. One technique produces discharge values in good agreement with estimates from numerical model and measured hydrographs during the flood. ?? 2007, by the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Limnology and Oceanography: Methods","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"15415856","usgsCitation":"Gartner, J.W., and Ganju, N., 2007, Correcting acoustic Doppler current profiler discharge measurement bias from moving-bed conditions without global positioning during the 2004 Glen Canyon Dam controlled flood on the Colorado River: Limnology and Oceanography: Methods, v. 5, no. JUN, p. 156-162.","startPage":"156","endPage":"162","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240641,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"JUN","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fc1ee4b0c8380cd4e11d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gartner, J. W.","contributorId":81903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gartner","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ganju, N. K. 0000-0002-1096-0465","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1096-0465","contributorId":64782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganju","given":"N. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70032992,"text":"70032992 - 2007 - Forensic fingerprinting of oil-spill hydrocarbons in a methanogenic environment-Mandan, ND and Bemidji, MN","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-16T10:51:10","indexId":"70032992","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1537,"text":"Environmental Forensics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forensic fingerprinting of oil-spill hydrocarbons in a methanogenic environment-Mandan, ND and Bemidji, MN","docAbstract":"In recent decades forensic fingerprinting of oil-spill hydrocarbons has emerged as an important tool for correlating oils and for evaluating their source and character. Two long-term hydrocarbon spills, an off-road diesel spill (Mandan, ND) and a crude oil spill (Bemidji, MN) experiencing methanogenic biodegradation were previously shown to be undergoing an unexpected progression of homologous n-alkane and n-alkylated cyclohexane loss. Both exhibited degradative losses proceeding from the high-molecular-weight end of the distributions, along with transitory concentration increases of lower-molecular-weight homologs. Particularly in the case of the diesel fuel spill, these methanogenic degradative patterns can result in series distributions that mimic lower cut refinery fuels or admixture with lower cut fuels. Forensic fingerprinting in this long-term spill must therefore rely on more recalcitrant series, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon or drimane sesquiterpane profiles, to prove if the spilled oil is single-sourced or whether there is verifiable admixture with other extraneous refinery fuels. Degradation processes impacting n-alkanes and n-alkylated ring compounds, which make these compounds unsuitable for fingerprinting, nevertheless are of interest in understanding methanogenic biodegradation.
","largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Forensics","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis ","doi":"10.1080/15275920601180685","issn":"15275922","usgsCitation":"Hostettler, F.D., Wang, Y., Huang, Y., Cao, W., Bekins, B.A., Rostad, C.E., Kulpa, C.F., and Laursen, A.E., 2007, Forensic fingerprinting of oil-spill hydrocarbons in a methanogenic environment-Mandan, ND and Bemidji, MN: Environmental Forensics, v. 8, no. 1-2, p. 139-153, https://doi.org/10.1080/15275920601180685.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"139","endPage":"153","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":213269,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15275920601180685"},{"id":240878,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"8","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1322e4b0c8380cd5452f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hostettler, Frances D. fdhostet@usgs.gov","contributorId":3383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostettler","given":"Frances","email":"fdhostet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":438866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wang, Y.","contributorId":64213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huang, Y.","contributorId":62000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huang","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cao, W.","contributorId":10511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cao","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bekins, Barbara A. 0000-0002-1411-6018 babekins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1411-6018","contributorId":1348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bekins","given":"Barbara","email":"babekins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":438865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rostad, Colleen E. cerostad@usgs.gov","contributorId":833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostad","given":"Colleen","email":"cerostad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":438861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kulpa, C. F.","contributorId":77745,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kulpa","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Laursen, Andrew E.","contributorId":99783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laursen","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70031013,"text":"70031013 - 2007 - Deglacial climate variability in central Florida, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-09T10:23:24","indexId":"70031013","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deglacial climate variability in central Florida, USA","docAbstract":"Pollen and ostracode evidence from lacustrine sediments underlying modern Tampa Bay, Florida, document frequent and abrupt climatic and hydrological events superimposed on deglacial warming in the subtropics. Radiocarbon chronology on well-preserved mollusk shells and pollen residue from core MD02-2579 documents continuous sedimentation in a variety of non-marine habitats in a karst-controlled basin from 20 ka to 11.5 ka.
\nDuring the last glacial maximum (LGM), much drier and cooler-than-modern conditions are indicated by pollen assemblages enriched in Chenopodiaceae and Carya, with rare Pinus (< 10%). Pinus pollen increased to 20–40% during the warming of the initial deglaciation (∼ 17.2 ka), reaching near modern abundance (60–80%) during warmer, moister climates of the Bølling/Allerød interval (14.7–12.9 ka). Within the Bølling/Allerød, centennial-scale dry events corresponding to the Older Dryas and Intra-Allerød Cold Period indicate rapid vegetation response (< 50 years) to climate variability. The Younger Dryas (12.9–11.6 ka) was characterized by two distinct phases: slightly drier than the peak Bølling/Allerød between 12.9 and 12.3 ka and much drier from 12.3 to 11.5 ka. The Tampa Bay record of deglacial atmospheric temperature and moisture can be correlated with other paleoclimate records in the North Atlantic region and has implications for climate-forcing by ice-sheet fluctuation, thermohaline circulation, and atmospheric circulation.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.04.016","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Willard, D., Bernhardt, C., Brooks, G.R., Cronin, T.M., Edgar, T., and Larson, R., 2007, Deglacial climate variability in central Florida, USA: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 251, no. 3-4, p. 366-382, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.04.016.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"366","endPage":"382","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":211592,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.04.016"},{"id":238905,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Tampa Bay","volume":"251","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe51e4b0c8380cd4ec7c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Willard, Debra A. 0000-0003-4878-0942","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-0942","contributorId":85982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willard","given":"Debra A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bernhardt, C.E.","contributorId":65554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernhardt","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brooks, G. R.","contributorId":96312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cronin, T. M. 0000-0002-2643-0979","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":42613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":429636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Edgar, T.","contributorId":70595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edgar","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Larson, R.","contributorId":30438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70031016,"text":"70031016 - 2007 - Identifying sources of nitrogen to Hanalei Bay, Kauai, utilizing the nitrogen isotope signature of macroalgae","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-31T12:20:02.840178","indexId":"70031016","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying sources of nitrogen to Hanalei Bay, Kauai, utilizing the nitrogen isotope signature of macroalgae","docAbstract":"Sewage effluent, storm runoff, discharge from polluted rivers, and inputs of groundwater have all been suggested as potential sources of land derived nutrients into Hanalei Bay, Kauai. We determined the nitrogen isotopic signatures (δ15N) of different nitrate sources to Hanalei Bay along with the isotopic signature recorded by 11 species of macroalgal collected in the Bay. The macroalgae integrate the isotopic signatures of the nitrate sources over time, thus these data along with the nitrate to dissolved inorganic phosphate molar ratios (N:P) of the macroalgae were used to determine the major nitrate source to the bay ecosystem and which of the macro-nutrients is limiting algae growth, respectively. Relatively low δ15N values (average −0.5‰) were observed in all algae collected throughout the Bay; implicating fertilizer, rather than domestic sewage, as an important external source of nitrogen to the coastal water around Hanalei. The N:P ratio in the algae compared to the ratio in the Bay waters imply that the Hanalei Bay coastal ecosystem is nitrogen limited and thus, increased nitrogen input may potentially impact this coastal ecosystem and specifically the coral reefs in the Bay. Identifying the major source of nutrient loading to the Bay is important for risk assessment and potential remediation plans.
Speciated measurements of atmospheric mercury plumes were obtained at an industrially impacted residential area of East St. Louis, IL. These plumes were found to result in extremely high mercury concentrations at ground level that were composed of a wide distribution of mercury species. Ground level concentrations as high as 235 ng m-3 for elemental mercury (Hg 0) and 38 300 pg m-3 for reactive mercury species (reactive gaseous (RGM) plus particulate (PHg) mercury) were measured. The highest mercury concentrations observed during the study were associated with plumes that contained high concentrations of all mercury species (Hg 0, RGM, and PHg) and originated from a source located southwest of the sampling site. Variations in proportions of Hg0/RGM/PHg among plumes, with Hg0 dominating some plumes and RGM and/or PHg dominating others, were attributed to differences in emissions from different sources. Correlations between mercury plumes and elevated NOx were not observed; however, a correlation between elevated SO2 and mercury plumes was observed during some but not all plume events. Despite the presence of six coal-fired power plants within 60 km of the study site, wind direction data along with Hg/SO2 and Hg/NOx ratios suggest that high-concentration mercury plumes impacting the St. Louis-Midwest Particle Matter Supersite are attributable to local point sources within 5 km of the site.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1021/es0700348","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Manolopoulos, H., Snyder, D., Schauer, J.J., Hill, J., Turner, J., Olson, M.L., and Krabbenhoft, D.P., 2007, Sources of speciated atmospheric mercury at a residential neighborhood impacted by industrial sources: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 41, no. 16, p. 5626-5633, https://doi.org/10.1021/es0700348.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"5626","endPage":"5633","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":211427,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0700348"},{"id":238713,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","city":"St. Louis","otherGeospatial":"St. Louis-Midwest Particle Matter Supersite","volume":"41","issue":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-07-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9391e4b08c986b31a576","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manolopoulos, H.","contributorId":74573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manolopoulos","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Snyder, D.C.","contributorId":56853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schauer, James J","contributorId":200131,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schauer","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hill, J.S.","contributorId":88553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Turner, J.R.","contributorId":92487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Olson, Mark L.","contributorId":149743,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olson","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":17808,"text":"University of Illinois, Champaign","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":430023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":1658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":430027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70031156,"text":"70031156 - 2007 - Methodological considerations regarding the use of inorganic 197Hg(II) radiotracer to assess mercury methylation potential rates in lake sediment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-27T11:17:56.580552","indexId":"70031156","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":845,"text":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Methodological considerations regarding the use of inorganic 197Hg(II) radiotracer to assess mercury methylation potential rates in lake sediment","docAbstract":"Methodological considerations on the determination of benthic methyl-mercury (CH3Hg) production potentials were investigated on lake sediment, using 197Hg radiotracer. Three methods to arrest bacterial activity were compared: flash freezing, thermal sterilization, and γ-irradiation. Flash freezing showed similar CH3Hg recoveries as thermal sterilization, which was both 50% higher than the recoveries obtained with γ-ray irradiation. No additional radiolabel was recovered in kill-control samples after an additional 24 or 65 h of incubation, suggesting that all treatments were effective at arresting Hg(II)-methylating bacterial activity, and that the initial recoveries are likely due to non-methylated 197Hg(II) carry-over in the organic extraction and/or [197Hg]CH3Hg produced via abiotic reactions. Two CH3Hg extraction methods from sediment were compared: (a) direct extraction into toluene after sediment leaching with CuSO4 and HCl and (b) the same extraction with an additional back-extraction step to thiosulphate. Similar information was obtained with both methods, but the low efficiency observed and the extra work associated with the back-extraction procedure represent significant disadvantages, even tough the direct extraction involves higher Hg(II) carry over.
We report the results of an investigation on the processes controlling heat transport in peat under a large bog in the Glacial Lake Agassiz Peatlands. For 2 years, starting in July 1998, we recorded temperature at 12 depth intervals from 0 to 400 cm within a vertical peat profile at the crest of the bog at sub‐daily intervals. We also recorded air temperature 1 m above the peat surface. We calculate a peat thermal conductivity of 0·5 W m−1 °C−1 and model vertical heat transport through the peat using the SUTRA model. The model was calibrated to the first year of data, and then evaluated against the second year of collected heat data. The model results suggest that advective pore‐water flow is not necessary to transport heat within the peat profile and most of the heat is transferred by thermal conduction alone in these waterlogged soils. In the spring season, a zero‐curtain effect controls the transport of heat through shallow depths of the peat. Changes in local climate and the resulting changes in thermal transport still may cause non‐linear feedbacks in methane emissions related to the generation of methane deeper within the peat profile as regional temperatures increase.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrological Processes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ","doi":"10.1002/hyp.6239","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"McKenzie, J., Siegel, D.I., Rosenberry, D.O., Glaser, P., and Voss, C.I., 2007, Heat transport in the Red Lake Bog, Glacial Lake Agassiz Peatlands: Hydrological Processes, v. 21, no. 3, p. 369-378, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6239.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"369","endPage":"378","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":213865,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6239"},{"id":241530,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Glacial Lake Agassiz Peatlands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.6667,\n 48.065232067568\n ],\n [\n -95.6667,\n 48.73083222613515\n ],\n [\n -93.8232421875,\n 48.73083222613515\n ],\n [\n -93.8232421875,\n 48.065232067568\n ],\n [\n -95.6667,\n 48.065232067568\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-12-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3006e4b0c8380cd5d2e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKenzie, J.M.","contributorId":75759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenzie","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Siegel, D. I.","contributorId":77562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siegel","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rosenberry, Donald O. 0000-0003-0681-5641 rosenber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":1312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Donald","email":"rosenber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":437657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Glaser, P.H.","contributorId":13791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glaser","given":"P.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Voss, Clifford I. 0000-0001-5923-2752 cvoss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5923-2752","contributorId":1559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voss","given":"Clifford","email":"cvoss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":437660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70182801,"text":"70182801 - 2007 - Arsenic in the environment: Biology and chemistry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-17T15:19:37.804531","indexId":"70182801","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Arsenic in the environment: Biology and chemistry","docAbstract":"Arsenic (As) distribution and toxicology in the environment is a serious issue, with millions of individuals worldwide being affected by As toxicosis. Sources of As contamination are both natural and anthropogenic and the scale of contamination ranges from local to regional. There are many areas of research that are being actively pursued to address the As contamination problem. These include new methods of screening for As in the field, determining the epidemiology of As in humans, and identifying the risk of As uptake in agriculture. Remediation of As-affected water supplies is important and research includes assessing natural remediation potential as well as phytoremediation. Another area of active research is on the microbially mediated biogeochemical interactions of As in the environment.
In 2005, a conference was convened to bring together scientists involved in many of the different areas of As research. In this paper, we present a synthesis of the As issues in the light of long-standing research and with regards to the new findings presented at this conference. This contribution provides a backdrop to the issues raised at the conference together with an overview of contemporary and historical issues of As contamination and health impacts.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.02.037","usgsCitation":"Bhattacharya, P., Welch, A., Stollenwerk, K.G., McLaughlin, M.J., Bundschuh, J., and Panaullah, G., 2007, Arsenic in the environment: Biology and chemistry: Science of the Total Environment, v. 379, no. 2-3, p. 109-120, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.02.037.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"109","endPage":"120","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336354,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"379","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b69a43e4b01ccd54ff3fbc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bhattacharya, Prosun","contributorId":184213,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bhattacharya","given":"Prosun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Welch, Alan H.","contributorId":45286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welch","given":"Alan H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stollenwerk, Kenneth G. kgstolle@usgs.gov","contributorId":578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stollenwerk","given":"Kenneth","email":"kgstolle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":673799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McLaughlin, Mike J.","contributorId":184214,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McLaughlin","given":"Mike","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bundschuh, Jochen","contributorId":184215,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bundschuh","given":"Jochen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Panaullah, G.","contributorId":184216,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Panaullah","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70032727,"text":"70032727 - 2007 - Hydrologic response of the Crow Wing Watershed, Minnesota, to mid-Holocene climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:24","indexId":"70032727","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic response of the Crow Wing Watershed, Minnesota, to mid-Holocene climate change","docAbstract":"In this study, we have integrated a suite of Holocene paleoclimatic proxies with mathematical modeling in an attempt to obtain a comprehensive picture of how watersheds respond to past climate change. A three-dimensional surface-water-groundwater model was developed to assess the effects of mid-Holocene climate change on water resources within the Crow Wing Watershed, Upper Mississippi Basin in north central Minnesota. The model was first calibrated to a 50 yr historical record of average annual surface-water discharge, monthly groundwater levels, and lake-level fluctuations. The model was able to reproduce reasonably well long-term historical records (1949-1999) of water-table and lake-level fluctuations across the watershed as well as stream discharge near the watershed outlet. The calibrated model was then used to reproduce paleogroundwater and lake levels using climate reconstructions based on pollen-transfer functions from Williams Lake just outside the watershed. Computed declines in mid-Holocene lake levels for two lakes at opposite ends of the watershed were between 6 and 18 m. Simulated streamflow near the outlet of the watershed decreased to 70% of modern average annual discharge after ???200 yr. The area covered by wetlands for the entire watershed was reduced by ???16%. The mid-Holocene hydrologic changes indicated by these model results and corroborated by several lake-core records across the Crow Wing Watershed may serve as a useful proxy of the hydrologic response to future warm, dry climatic forecasts (ca. 2050) made by some atmospheric general-circulation models for the glaciated Midwestern United States. ?? 2007 Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/B26003.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Person, M., Roy, P., Wright, H., Gutowski, W., Ito, E., Winter, T., Rosenberry, D., and Cohen, D., 2007, Hydrologic response of the Crow Wing Watershed, Minnesota, to mid-Holocene climate change: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 119, no. 3-4, p. 363-376, https://doi.org/10.1130/B26003.1.","startPage":"363","endPage":"376","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477108,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ge_at_pubs/95","text":"External Repository"},{"id":241494,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213833,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B26003.1"}],"volume":"119","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-03-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3686e4b0c8380cd607a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Person, M.","contributorId":20876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Person","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roy, P.","contributorId":107109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roy","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wright, H.","contributorId":7083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gutowski, W. Jr.","contributorId":58850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gutowski","given":"W.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ito, E.","contributorId":24956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ito","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Winter, T.","contributorId":89333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winter","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rosenberry, D.","contributorId":39338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Cohen, D.","contributorId":108299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohen","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70032205,"text":"70032205 - 2007 - Profiling refined hydrocarbon fuels using polar components","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-16T08:57:38","indexId":"70032205","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1537,"text":"Environmental Forensics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Profiling refined hydrocarbon fuels using polar components","docAbstract":"Identification of a fuel released into the environment can be difficult due to biodegradation or weathering. Negative electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry was used to screen for unique polar components in a wide variety of commercial hydrocarbon products and mixtures. These fuels produced unique and relatively simple spectra. When applied to hydrocarbon samples from a large, long-term fuel spill in a relatively cool climate in which the alkane, isoprenoid, and alkylcyclohexane portions had begun to biodegrade or weather, the polar components in these samples had changed little over time. This technique provided rapid fuel identification on hydrocarbons released into the environment, without sample preparation, fractionation, or chromatography.
","largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Forensics","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/15275920601180677","issn":"15275922","usgsCitation":"Rostad, C.E., and Hostettler, F.D., 2007, Profiling refined hydrocarbon fuels using polar components: Environmental Forensics, v. 8, no. 1-2, p. 129-137, https://doi.org/10.1080/15275920601180677.","productDescription":"9 p. ","startPage":"129","endPage":"137","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242773,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215009,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15275920601180677"}],"volume":"8","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8e18e4b0c8380cd7efec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rostad, Colleen E. cerostad@usgs.gov","contributorId":833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostad","given":"Colleen","email":"cerostad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":435029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hostettler, Frances D. fdhostet@usgs.gov","contributorId":3383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostettler","given":"Frances","email":"fdhostet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":435030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70032179,"text":"70032179 - 2007 - Aquifer-scale controls on the distribution of nitrate and ammonium in ground water near La Pine, Oregon, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-03T11:25:27.364711","indexId":"70032179","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aquifer-scale controls on the distribution of nitrate and ammonium in ground water near La Pine, Oregon, USA","docAbstract":"Geochemical and isotopic tools were applied at aquifer, transect, and subtransect scales to provide a framework for understanding sources, transport, and fate of dissolved inorganic N in a sandy aquifer near La Pine, Oregon. NO3 is a common contaminant in shallow ground water in this area, whereas high concentrations of NH4-N (up to 39 mg/L) are present in deep ground water. N concentrations, N/Cl ratios, tracer-based apparent ground-water ages, N isotope data, and hydraulic gradients indicate that septic tank effluent is the primary source of NO3. N isotope data, N/Cl and N/C relations, 3H data, and hydraulic considerations point to a natural, sedimentary organic matter source for the high concentrations of NH4, and are inconsistent with an origin as septic tank N. Low recharge rates and flow velocities have largely restricted anthropogenic NO3 to isolated plumes within several meters of the water table. A variety of geochemical and isotopic data indicate that denitrification also affects NO3 gradients in the aquifer. Ground water in the La Pine aquifer evolves from oxic to increasingly reduced conditions. Suboxic conditions are achieved after about 15-30 y of transport below the water table. NO3 is denitrified near the oxic/suboxic boundary. Denitrification in the La Pine aquifer is characterized well at the aquifer scale with a redox boundary approach that inherently captures spatial variability in the distribution of electron donors.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2006.09.013","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Hinkle, S.R., Bohlke, J.K., Duff, J.H., Morgan, D.S., and Weick, R.J., 2007, Aquifer-scale controls on the distribution of nitrate and ammonium in ground water near La Pine, Oregon, USA: Journal of Hydrology, v. 333, no. 2-4, p. 486-503, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2006.09.013.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"486","endPage":"503","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242337,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","city":"La Pine","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.75,43.5 ], [ -121.75,44 ], [ -121.33333333333333,44 ], [ -121.33333333333333,43.5 ], [ -121.75,43.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"333","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ed25e4b0c8380cd4965e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hinkle, Stephen R. srhinkle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinkle","given":"Stephen","email":"srhinkle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":434887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bohlke, John Karl 0000-0001-5693-6455 jkbohlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":127841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"John","email":"jkbohlke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Karl","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":434888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duff, John H. jhduff@usgs.gov","contributorId":961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duff","given":"John","email":"jhduff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":434886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morgan, David S.","contributorId":73181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Weick, Rodney J.","contributorId":79560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weick","given":"Rodney","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70031777,"text":"70031777 - 2007 - Evasion of added isotopic mercury from a northern temperate lake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-16T11:11:46","indexId":"70031777","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evasion of added isotopic mercury from a northern temperate lake","docAbstract":"Isotopically enriched Hg (90% 202Hg) was added to a small lake in Ontario, Canada, at a rate equivalent to approximately threefold the annual direct atmospheric deposition rate that is typical of the northeastern United States. The Hg spike was thoroughly mixed into the epilimnion in nine separate events at two-week intervals throughout the summer growing season for three consecutive years. We measured concentrations of spike and ambient dissolved gaseous Hg (DGM) concentrations in surface water and the rate of volatilization of Hg from the lake on four separate, week-long sampling periods using floating dynamic flux chambers. The relationship between empirically measured rates of spike-Hg evasion were evaluated as functions of DGM concentration, wind velocity, and solar illumination. No individual environmental variable proved to be a strong predictor of the evasion flux. The DGM-normalized flux (expressed as the mass transfer coefficient, k) varied with wind velocity in a manner consistent with existing models of evasion of volatile solutes from natural waters but was higher than model estimates at low wind velocity. The empirical data were used to construct a description of evasion flux as a function of total dissolved Hg, wind, and solar illumination. That model was then applied to data for three summers for the experiment to generate estimates of Hg re-emission from the lake surface to the atmosphere. Based on ratios of spike Hg to ambient Hg in DGM and dissolved total Hg pools, ratios of DGM to total Hg in spike and ambient Hg pools, and flux estimates of spike and ambient Hg, we concluded that the added Hg spike was chemically indistinguishable from the ambient Hg in its behavior. Approximately 45% of Hg added to the lake over the summer was lost via volatilization.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1897/06-148R.1","issn":"07307268","usgsCitation":"Southworth, G., Lindberg, S., Hintelmann, H., Amyot, M., Poulain, A., Bogle, M., Peterson, M., Rudd, J., Harris, R., Sandilands, K., Krabbenhoft, D., and Olsen, M.L., 2007, Evasion of added isotopic mercury from a northern temperate lake: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 26, no. 1, p. 53-60, https://doi.org/10.1897/06-148R.1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"60","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":212311,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1897/06-148R.1"},{"id":239777,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","city":"Ontario","volume":"26","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d21e4b0c8380cd52e25","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Southworth, G.","contributorId":51095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Southworth","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lindberg, S.","contributorId":71341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindberg","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hintelmann, H.","contributorId":64423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hintelmann","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Amyot, M.","contributorId":85404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amyot","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Poulain, A.","contributorId":86171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poulain","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bogle, M.","contributorId":71384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bogle","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Peterson, M.","contributorId":71514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Rudd, J.","contributorId":92054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rudd","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Harris, R. 0000-0002-9247-0768","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9247-0768","contributorId":13382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Sandilands, K.","contributorId":101456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandilands","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":118001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David P.","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":433079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Olsen, Mark L.","contributorId":63852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ]}