Herring (Clupea harengus pallasi) spawning sites in Puget Sound, Washington overlap spatially and temporally with blooms of Alexandrium catenella, a toxic dinoflagellate species responsible for paralytic shellfish poisoning. Consequently, newly hatched herring larvae may be regularly exposed to the suite of dissolved paralytic shellfish toxins that are released into the water column from toxic cells during blooms. To date, virtually nothing is known about the impacts of these neurotoxins on early developmental stages of marine fish. In the present study, herring larvae at three ages, 0 days post hatch (dph), 4 dph, and 11 dph, were exposed to dissolved saxitoxin (STX) in 24-h and multi-day exposures. All larvae were examined for sensorimotor function (i.e. spontaneous swimming behavior and touch response). Significant reductions in spontaneous and touch-activated swimming behavior occurred within 1 h of exposure. EC50s at 1 h of exposure were 1,500, 840, and 700 μg STX equiv. l−1 for larvae introduced to STX at 0, 4, and 11 dph, respectively. This progressive age-specific increase in STX-induced paralysis suggests that older larvae were more sensitive to the toxin than younger larvae. Interestingly, herring larvae at all ages exhibited a significant degree of neurobehavioral recovery within 4–24 h of continuous exposure relative to the 1-h time point. This recovery of normal motor behaviors was not observed in previous studies with freshwater zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae under the same continuous exposure conditions, suggesting that an adaptive detoxification or toxin sequestration mechanism may have evolved in some species of marine fish larvae. Our data reveal that (1) dissolved STX is bioavailable to marine finfish larvae, (2) the toxin is a paralytic agent with potencies that differ between developmental stages, and (3) STX-induced sensorimotor inhibition occurs rapidly but is transient in marine larvae. Collectively, these results suggest that dissolved algal toxins may have important sublethal effects on marine fish populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/s00227-005-0048-8","usgsCitation":"Lefebvre, K.A., Elder, N.E., Hershberger, P., Trainer, V.L., Stehr, C.M., and Scholz, N.L., 2005, Dissolved saxitoxin causes transient inhibition of sensorimotor function in larval Pacific herring (Clupea harengus pallasi) Kathi A. Lefebvre , N: Marine Biology, v. 147, no. 6, p. 1393-1402, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-005-0048-8.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1393","endPage":"1402","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321008,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"147","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-07-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"572c6eabe4b09acee7535b6c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lefebvre, Kathi A.","contributorId":12349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lefebvre","given":"Kathi","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elder, Nancy E. 0000-0001-8448-0125 nelder@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8448-0125","contributorId":2886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elder","given":"Nancy","email":"nelder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":628867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hershberger, Paul K. phershberger@usgs.gov","contributorId":1945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hershberger","given":"Paul K.","email":"phershberger@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":628868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Trainer, Vera L.","contributorId":169197,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trainer","given":"Vera","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stehr, Carla M.","contributorId":169196,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stehr","given":"Carla","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Scholz, Nathaniel L.","contributorId":51618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholz","given":"Nathaniel","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70186649,"text":"70186649 - 2005 - Capture-recapture methods in practice","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70186649,"text":"70186649 - 2005 - Capture-recapture methods in practice","indexId":"70186649","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"chapter":"10","title":"Capture-recapture methods in practice"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":96199,"text":"96199 - 2005 - Handbook of capture-recapture analysis","indexId":"96199","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"title":"Handbook of capture-recapture analysis"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":96199,"text":"96199 - 2005 - Handbook of capture-recapture analysis","indexId":"96199","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"title":"Handbook of capture-recapture analysis"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-29T18:17:00","indexId":"70186649","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"10","title":"Capture-recapture methods in practice","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Handbook of capture-recapture analysis","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":13,"text":"Handbook"},"language":"English","publisher":"Princeton University Press","publisherLocation":"Princeton, NJ","isbn":"9781400837717","usgsCitation":"Manly, B.F., Amstrup, S.C., and McDonald, T.L., 2005, Capture-recapture methods in practice, chap. 10 of Handbook of capture-recapture analysis, p. 266-275.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"266","endPage":"275","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339349,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":339347,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://press.princeton.edu/titles/8109.html"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e75402e4b09da6799c0c6a","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":690153,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDonald, Trent L.","contributorId":92193,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDonald","given":"Trent","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6660,"text":"Western EcoSystems Technology, Inc","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":690154,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Manly, Bryan F.J.","contributorId":41770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manly","given":"Bryan","email":"","middleInitial":"F.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690155,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Manly, Bryan F.J.","contributorId":41770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manly","given":"Bryan","email":"","middleInitial":"F.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":690151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McDonald, Trent L.","contributorId":92193,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDonald","given":"Trent","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6660,"text":"Western EcoSystems Technology, Inc","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":690152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029690,"text":"70029690 - 2005 - Estimating discharge in rivers using remotely sensed hydraulic information","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:07","indexId":"70029690","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating discharge in rivers using remotely sensed hydraulic information","docAbstract":"A methodology to estimate in-bank river discharge exclusively from remotely sensed hydraulic data is developed. Water-surface width and maximum channel width measured from 26 aerial and digital orthophotos of 17 single channel rivers and 41 SAR images of three braided rivers were coupled with channel slope data obtained from topographic maps to estimate the discharge. The standard error of the discharge estimates were within a factor of 1.5-2 (50-100%) of the observed, with the mean estimate accuracy within 10%. This level of accuracy was achieved using calibration functions developed from observed discharge. The calibration functions use reach specific geomorphic variables, the maximum channel width and the channel slope, to predict a correction factor. The calibration functions are related to channel type. Surface velocity and width information, obtained from a single C-band image obtained by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory's (JPL's) AirSAR was also used to estimate discharge for a reach of the Missouri River. Without using a calibration function, the estimate accuracy was +72% of the observed discharge, which is within the expected range of uncertainty for the method. However, using the observed velocity to calibrate the initial estimate improved the estimate accuracy to within +10% of the observed. Remotely sensed discharge estimates with accuracies reported in this paper could be useful for regional or continental scale hydrologic studies, or in regions where ground-based data is lacking. ?? 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2004.11.022","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Bjerklie, D., Moller, D., Smith, L., and Dingman, S., 2005, Estimating discharge in rivers using remotely sensed hydraulic information: Journal of Hydrology, v. 309, no. 1-4, p. 191-209, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2004.11.022.","startPage":"191","endPage":"209","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212677,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2004.11.022"},{"id":240201,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"309","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b16e4b0c8380cd5256e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bjerklie, D.M.","contributorId":68923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bjerklie","given":"D.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moller, D.","contributorId":47585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moller","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, L.C.","contributorId":88561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"L.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dingman, S.L.","contributorId":46720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dingman","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029613,"text":"70029613 - 2005 - Simulating the evolution of coastal morphology and stratigraphy with a new morphological-behaviour model (GEOMBEST)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-09T12:31:37","indexId":"70029613","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulating the evolution of coastal morphology and stratigraphy with a new morphological-behaviour model (GEOMBEST)","docAbstract":"A new morphological-behaviour model is used to simulate evolution of coastal morphology associated with cross-shore translations of the shoreface, barrier, and estuary. The model encapsulates qualitative principles drawn from established geological concepts that are parameterized to provide quantitative predictions of morphological change on geological time scales (order 10 3 years), as well as shorter time scales applicable for long-term coastal management (order 101 to 102 years). Changes in sea level, and sediment volume within the shoreface, barrier, and estuary, drive the model behaviour. Further parameters, defining substrate erodibility, sediment composition, and time-dependent shoreface response, constrain the evolution of the shoreface towards an equilibrium profile. Results from numerical experiments are presented for the low-gradient autochthonous setting of North Carolina and the steep allochthonous setting of the Washington shelf. Simulations in the Currituck region of North Carolina examined the influence of sediment supply, substrate composition, and substrate erodibility on barrier transgression. Results demonstrate that the presence of a lithified substrate reduces the rate of barrier transgression compared to scenarios where an erodible, sand-rich substrate exists. Simulations of the Washington coast, 20 km north of the Columbia River, confirmed that the model can reproduce complex stratigraphy involving regressive and transgressive phases of coastal evolution. Results suggest that the first major addition of sediment to the shelf occurred around 12 900 years ago and resulted from the rapid addition of sediment volume from the Columbia River attributed to the Missoula floods. This was followed by a period where little or no sediment was added (12 400-9100 BP) and a third period when most sediment was added to the shelf (9100 BP to present) from the Columbia River. Comparing results from each setting demonstrates an indirect control that substrate slope has on shoreface transgression rates. Shoreface transgression is shown to be sensitive to the rate of estuarine sedimentation, with the sensitivity increasing as substrate slope decreases.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2005.02.019","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Stolper, D., List, J.H., and Thieler, E., 2005, Simulating the evolution of coastal morphology and stratigraphy with a new morphological-behaviour model (GEOMBEST): Marine Geology, v. 218, no. 1-4, p. 17-36, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2005.02.019.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"17","endPage":"36","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237826,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.3275146484375,\n 35.72421761691415\n ],\n [\n -75.377197265625,\n 35.72421761691415\n ],\n [\n -75.377197265625,\n 37.020098201368114\n ],\n [\n -76.3275146484375,\n 37.020098201368114\n ],\n [\n -76.3275146484375,\n 35.72421761691415\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"218","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8fd7e4b08c986b31918a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stolper, D.","contributorId":56846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stolper","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"List, J. H.","contributorId":70406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"List","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thieler, E.R. 0000-0003-4311-9717","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4311-9717","contributorId":93082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thieler","given":"E.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029361,"text":"70029361 - 2005 - Population genetic structure of annual and perennial populations of Zostera marina L. along the Pacific coast of Baja California and the Gulf of California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-20T18:20:15","indexId":"70029361","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2774,"text":"Molecular Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population genetic structure of annual and perennial populations of Zostera marina L. along the Pacific coast of Baja California and the Gulf of California","docAbstract":"The Baja California peninsula represents a biogeographical boundary contributing to regional differentiation among populations of marine animals. We investigated the genetic characteristics of perennial and annual populations of the marine angiosperm, Zostera marina, along the Pacific coast of Baja California and in the Gulf of California, respectively. Populations of Z. marina from five coastal lagoons along the Pacific coast and four sites in the Gulf of California were studied using nine microsatellite loci. Analyses of variance revealed significant interregional differentiation, but no subregional differentiation. Significant spatial differentiation, assessed using θ values, was observed among all populations within the two regions. Z. marina populations along the Pacific coast are separated by more than 220 km and had the greatest θ (0.13-0.28) values, suggesting restricted gene flow. In contrast, lower but still significant genetic differentiation was observed among populations within the Gulf of California (θ = 0.04-0.18), even though populations are separated by more than 250 km. This suggests higher levels of gene flow among Gulf of California populations relative to Pacific coast populations. Direction of gene flow was predominantly southward among Pacific coast populations, whereas no dominant polarity in the Gulf of California populations was observed. The test for isolation by distance (IBD) showed a significant correlation between genetic and geographical distances in Gulf of California populations, but not in Pacific coast populations, perhaps because of shifts in currents during El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events along the Pacific coast.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Molecular Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02454.x","issn":"09621083","usgsCitation":"Muñiz-Salazar, R., Talbot, S.L., Sage, G.K., Ward, D.H., and Cabello-Pasini, A., 2005, Population genetic structure of annual and perennial populations of Zostera marina L. along the Pacific coast of Baja California and the Gulf of California: Molecular Ecology, v. 14, no. 3, p. 711-722, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02454.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"711","endPage":"722","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237844,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210813,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02454.x"}],"volume":"14","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-02-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7d75e4b0c8380cd79f69","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muñiz-Salazar, Raquel","contributorId":171744,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Muñiz-Salazar","given":"Raquel","affiliations":[{"id":26937,"text":"Escuela de Ciencias de la Salid, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":422409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":422407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sage, George K. 0000-0003-1431-2286 ksage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1431-2286","contributorId":87833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sage","given":"George","email":"ksage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":422406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ward, David H. 0000-0002-5242-2526 dward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2526","contributorId":3247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":422408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cabello-Pasini, Alejandro","contributorId":80636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cabello-Pasini","given":"Alejandro","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029454,"text":"70029454 - 2005 - Radium isotopes in Cayuga Lake, New York: Indicators of inflow and mixing processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-05T10:26:30","indexId":"70029454","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Radium isotopes in Cayuga Lake, New York: Indicators of inflow and mixing processes","docAbstract":"Naturally occurring radium isotopes (223Ra, 224Ra, 226Ra, and 228Ra) were measured in lake and tributary water of Cayuga Lake, New York, during the course of a vernal inflow event in the spring of 2001. A large influx of groundwater, probably from a carbonate aquifer, entered the lake at its extreme southern end early in the vernal inflow event and spread northward, covering an extensive part of the southern end of the lake. The low 228Ra/226Ra activity ratio of this water mass, compared with bulk lake water, allowed its identification through time. Estimates of mixing with bulk lake water were calculated from changes in the 226Ra content. Groundwater inflow to the lake around the delta of a major tributary was detected on the basis of 223Ra and 224Ra activity of lake and tributary water. Inflow of a water mass to the surface of the lake was also detected using 223Ra and 224Ra activity. The integrity of this water mass was monitored using short‐lived radium isotopes. Suspended sediment in the lake water is a source of the short‐lived radium isotopes 223Ra (~2 x 10−4dpm L−1) and 224Ra (~3 x x 10−3 dpm L−1), but bottom sediments are a more significant source of 228Ra. Radium isotopes can be valuable new tools in limnological investigations, allowing detection and monitoring of events and processes such as water inflow and mixing, determining sources of inflowing water, and monitoring introduced water masses as they move within the lake.
This study examines the development of a conceptual model of sediment processes in the upper Yuba River watershed; and we hypothesize how components of the conceptual model may be spatially distributed using a geographical information system (GIS). The conceptual model illustrates key processes controlling sediment dynamics in the upper Yuba River watershed and was tested and revised using field measurements, aerial photography, and low elevation videography. Field reconnaissance included mass wasting and channel storage inventories, assessment of annual channel change in upland tributaries, and evaluation of the relative importance of sediment sources and transport processes. Hillslope erosion rates throughout the study area are relatively low when compared to more rapidly eroding landscapes such as the Pacific Northwest and notable hillslope sediment sources include highly erodible andesitic mudflows, serpentinized ultramafics, and unvegetated hydraulic mine pits. Mass wasting dominates surface erosion on the hillslopes; however, erosion of stored channel sediment is the primary contributor to annual sediment yield. We used GIS to spatially distribute the components of the conceptual model and created hillslope erosion potential and channel storage models. The GIS models exemplify the conceptual model in that landscapes with low potential evapotranspiration, sparse vegetation, steep slopes, erodible geology and soils, and high road densities display the greatest hillslope erosion potential and channel storage increases with increasing stream order. In-channel storage in upland tributaries impacted by hydraulic mining is an exception. Reworking of stored hydraulic mining sediment in low-order tributaries continues to elevate upper Yuba River sediment yields. Finally, we propose that spatially distributing the components of a conceptual model in a GIS framework provides a guide for developing more detailed sediment budgets or numerical models making it an inexpensive way to develop a roadmap for understanding sediment dynamics at a watershed scale.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2004.11.019","issn":"0169555X","usgsCitation":"Curtis, J.A., Flint, L.E., Alpers, C.N., and Yarnell, S., 2005, Conceptual model of sediment processes in the upper Yuba River watershed, Sierra Nevada, CA: Geomorphology, v. 68, no. 3-4, p. 149-166, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2004.11.019.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"166","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237860,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210826,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2004.11.019"}],"volume":"68","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f9aae4b0c8380cd4d6fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Curtis, Jennifer A. 0000-0001-7766-994X jacurtis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7766-994X","contributorId":927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curtis","given":"Jennifer","email":"jacurtis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":423461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, Lorraine E. 0000-0002-7868-441X lflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-441X","contributorId":1184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Lorraine","email":"lflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":423460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alpers, Charles N. 0000-0001-6945-7365 cnalpers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6945-7365","contributorId":411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpers","given":"Charles","email":"cnalpers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":423462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yarnell, S.M.","contributorId":25753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yarnell","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029614,"text":"70029614 - 2005 - Seasonal variations of alkenones and UK37 in the Chesapeake Bay water column","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:47","indexId":"70029614","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1587,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal variations of alkenones and UK37 in the Chesapeake Bay water column","docAbstract":"Alkenone unsaturation indices (UK37 and U K???37) have long been used as proxies for surface water temperature in the open ocean. Recent studies have suggested that in other marine environments, variables other than temperature may affect both the production of alkenones and the values of the indices. Here, we present the results of a reconnaissance field study in which alkenones were extracted from particulate matter filtered from the water column in Chesapeake Bay during 2000 and 2001. A multivariate analysis shows a strong positive correlation between UK37 (and UK???37) values and temperature, and a significant negative correlation between UK37 (and UK???37) values and nitrate concentrations. However, temperature and nitrate concentrations also co-vary significantly. The temperature vs. UK37 relationships (UK37=0.018 (T)-0.162, R2=0.84, UK???37=0.013 (T)-0.04, R2=0.80) have lower slopes than the open-ocean equations of Prahl et al. [1988. Further evaluation of long-chain alkenones as indicators of paleoceanographic conditions. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 52, 2303-2310] and Mu??ller et al. [1998. Calibration of the alkenone paleotemperature index UK???37 based on core-tops from the eastern South Atlantic and the global ocean (60??N-60??S). Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 62, 1757-1772], but are similar to the relationships found in controlled studies with elevated nutrient levels and higher nitrate:phosphate (N:P) ratios. This implies that high nutrient levels in Chesapeake Bay have either lowered the UK37 vs. temperature slope, or nutrient levels are the main controller of the U K37 index. In addition, particularly high abundances (>5% of total C37 alkenones) of the tetra-unsaturated ketone, C37:4, were found when water temperatures reached 25??C or higher, thus posing further questions about the controls on alkenone production as well as the biochemical roles of alkenones. ?? 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2005.01.011","issn":"02727714","usgsCitation":"Mercer, J., Zhao, M., and Colman, S.M., 2005, Seasonal variations of alkenones and UK37 in the Chesapeake Bay water column: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 63, no. 4, p. 675-682, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2005.01.011.","startPage":"675","endPage":"682","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210825,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2005.01.011"},{"id":237859,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"63","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b88f4e4b08c986b316c5e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mercer, J.L.","contributorId":40006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mercer","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhao, M.","contributorId":88143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhao","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Colman, Steven M. 0000-0002-0564-9576","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0564-9576","contributorId":77482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colman","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":423457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029611,"text":"70029611 - 2005 - The role of fire in structuring sagebrush habitats and bird communities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-01T15:49:37","indexId":"70029611","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5103,"text":"Studies in Avian Biology","printIssn":"0197-9922","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":24}},"title":"The role of fire in structuring sagebrush habitats and bird communities","docAbstract":"Fire is a dominant and highly visible disturbance in sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) ecosystems. In lower elevation, xeric sagebrush communities, the role of fire has changed in recent decades from an infrequent disturbance maintaining a landscape mosaic and facilitating community processes to frequent events that alter sagebrush communities to exotic vegetation, from which restoration is unlikely. Because of cheatgrass invasion, fire-return intervals in these sagebrush ecosystems have decreased from an historical pattern (pre-European settlement) of 30 to >100 yr to 5-15 yr. In other sagebrush communities, primarily higher elevation ecosystems, the lack of fire has allowed transitions to greater dominance by sagebrush, loss of herbaceous understory, and expansion of juniper-pinyon woodlands. Response by birds living in sagebrush habitats to fire was related to the frequency, size, complexity (or patchiness), and severity of the burns. Small-scale fires that left patchy distributions of sagebrush did not influence bird populations. However, large-scale fires that resulted in large grassland expanses and isolated existing sagebrush patches reduced the probability of occupancy by sagebrush-obligate species. Populations of birds also declined in sagebrush ecosystems with increasing dominance by juniper (Juniperus spp.) and pinyon (Pinus spp.) woodlands. Our understanding of the effects of fire on sagebrush habitats and birds in these systems is limited. Almost all studies of fire effects on birds have been opportunistic, correlative, and lacking controls. We recommend using the large number of prescribed burns to develop strong inferences about cause-and-effect relationships. Prescribed burning is complicated and highly contentious, particularly in low-elevation, xeric sagebrush communities. Therefore, we need to use the unique opportunities provided by planned burns to understand the spatial and temporal influence of fire on sagebrush landscapes and birds. In particular, we need to develop larger-scale and longer-term research to identify the underlying mechanisms that produce the patterns of bird responses to fire in sagebrush ecosystems.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fire and avian ecology in North America (Studies in Avian Biology No. 30)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Cooper Ornithological Society","publisherLocation":"Camarillo, CA","issn":"0197-9922","usgsCitation":"Knick, S., Holmes, A., and Miller, R., 2005, The role of fire in structuring sagebrush habitats and bird communities, chap. of Fire and avian ecology in North America (Studies in Avian Biology No. 30): Studies in Avian Biology, v. 30, p. 63-75.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"75","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237787,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baf6ee4b08c986b3247b8","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Saab, Victoria A.","contributorId":82963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saab","given":"Victoria","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725373,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powell, Hugo D. W.","contributorId":43298,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Powell","given":"Hugo","email":"","middleInitial":"D. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725374,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Knick, S.T.","contributorId":71290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knick","given":"S.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holmes, A.L.","contributorId":104695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmes","given":"A.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, R.F.","contributorId":83882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029610,"text":"70029610 - 2005 - Changing land management practices and vegetation on the Central Plateau of Burkina Faso (1968-2002)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-27T13:50:06","indexId":"70029610","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2183,"text":"Journal of Arid Environments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changing land management practices and vegetation on the Central Plateau of Burkina Faso (1968-2002)","docAbstract":"In the early 1980s, the situation on the northern part of the Central Plateau of Burkina Faso was characterized by expanding cultivation on lands marginal to agriculture, declining rainfall, low and declining cereal yields, disappearing and impoverishing vegetation, falling ground-water levels and strong outmigration. This crisis situation provoked two reactions. Farmers, as well as technicians working for non-governmental organizations, started to experiment in improving soil and water conservation (SWC) techniques. When these experiments proved successful, donor agencies rapidly designed SWC projects based on simple, effective techniques acceptable to farmers. A study looked at the impact of SWC investments in nine villages and identified a number of major impacts, including: significant increases in millet and sorghum yields since the mid-1980s, cultivated fields treated with SWC techniques have more trees than 10-15 years ago, but the vegetation on most of the non-cultivated areas continues to degrade, greater availability of forage for livestock, increased investment in livestock by men and women and a beginning change in livestock management from extensive to semi-intensive methods, improved soil fertility management by farmers, locally rising ground-water tables, a decrease in outmigration and a significant reduction in rural poverty. Finally, data are presented on the evolution of land use in three villages between 1968 and 2002. ?? 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
","largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Arid Environments","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2005.03.010","issn":"01401963","usgsCitation":"Reij, C., Tappan, G., and Belemvire, A., 2005, Changing land management practices and vegetation on the Central Plateau of Burkina Faso (1968-2002): Journal of Arid Environments, v. 63, no. 3, p. 642-659, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2005.03.010.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"642","endPage":"659","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237786,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210766,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2005.03.010"}],"volume":"63","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f440e4b0c8380cd4bc2a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reij, C.","contributorId":10987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reij","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tappan, G. 0000-0002-2240-6963","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2240-6963","contributorId":26859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tappan","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belemvire, A.","contributorId":12682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belemvire","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029609,"text":"70029609 - 2005 - Diel behavior of rare earth elements in a mountain stream with acidic to neutral pH","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-31T08:18:46","indexId":"70029609","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diel behavior of rare earth elements in a mountain stream with acidic to neutral pH","docAbstract":"Diel (24-h) changes in concentrations of rare earth elements (REE) were investigated in Fisher Creek, a mountain stream in Montana that receives acid mine drainage in its headwaters. Three simultaneous 24-h samplings were conducted at an upstream station (pH = 3.3), an intermediate station (pH = 5.5), and a downstream station (pH = 6.8). The REE were found to behave conservatively at the two upstream stations. At the downstream station, REE partitioned into suspended particles to a degree that varied with the time of day, and concentrations of dissolved REE were 2.9- to 9.4-fold (190% to 830%) higher in the early morning vs. the late afternoon. The decrease in dissolved REE concentrations during the day coincided with a corresponding increase in the concentration of REE in suspended particles, such that diel changes in the total REE concentrations were relatively minor (27% to 55% increase at night). Across the lanthanide series, the heavy REE partitioned into the suspended solid phase to a greater extent than the light REE. Filtered samples from the downstream station showed a decrease in shale-normalized REE concentration across the lanthanide series, with positive anomalies at La and Gd, and a negative Eu anomaly. As the temperature of the creek increased in the afternoon, the slope of the REE profile steepened and the magnitude of the anomalies increased.
The above observations are explained by cyclic adsorption of REE onto suspended particles of hydrous ferric and aluminum oxides (HFO, HAO). Conditional partition coefficients for each REE between the suspended solids and the aqueous phase reached a maximum at 1700 hours and a minimum at 0700 hours. This pattern is attributed to diel variations in stream temperature, possibly reinforced by kinetic factors (i.e., slower rates of reaction at night than during the day). Estimates of the enthalpy of adsorption of each REE onto suspended particles based on the field results averaged +82 kJ/mol and are similar in magnitude to estimates in the literature for adsorption of divalent metal cations onto clays and hydrous metal oxides. The results of this study have important implications to the use of REE as hydrogeochemical tracers in streams.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2005.03.019","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Gammons, C., Wood, S., and Nimick, D., 2005, Diel behavior of rare earth elements in a mountain stream with acidic to neutral pH: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 69, no. 15, p. 3747-3758, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2005.03.019.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"3747","endPage":"3758","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237754,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210737,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2005.03.019"}],"volume":"69","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a00bee4b0c8380cd4f8c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gammons, C.H.","contributorId":18459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gammons","given":"C.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wood, S.A.","contributorId":82829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nimick, D. A.","contributorId":70399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimick","given":"D. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029466,"text":"70029466 - 2005 - Life-history variation of a neotropical thrush challenges food limitation theory","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:46","indexId":"70029466","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3174,"text":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Life-history variation of a neotropical thrush challenges food limitation theory","docAbstract":"Since David Lack first proposed that birds rear as many young as they can nourish, food limitation has been accepted as the primary explanation for variation in clutch size and other life-history traits in birds. The importance of food limitation in life-history variation, however, was recently questioned on theoretical grounds. Here, we show that clutch size differences between two populations of a neotropical thrush were contrary to expectations under Lack's food limitation hypothesis. Larger clutch sizes were found in a population with higher nestling starvation rate (i.e. greater food limitation). We experimentally equalized clutches between populations to verify this difference in food limitation. Our experiment confirmed greater food limitation in the population with larger mean clutch size. In addition, incubation bout length and nestling growth rate were also contrary to predictions of food limitation theory. Our results demonstrate the inability of food limitation to explain differences in several life-history traits: clutch size, incubation behaviour, parental feeding rate and nestling growth rate. These life-history traits were better explained by inter-population differences in nest predation rates. Food limitation may be less important to life history evolution in birds than suggested by traditional theory. ?? 2005 The Royal Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2004.3039","issn":"09628436","usgsCitation":"Ferretti, V., Llambias, P., and Martin, T.E., 2005, Life-history variation of a neotropical thrush challenges food limitation theory: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, v. 272, no. 1564, p. 769-773, https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2004.3039.","startPage":"769","endPage":"773","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477903,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1602047","text":"External Repository"},{"id":210790,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2004.3039"},{"id":237816,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"272","issue":"1564","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-04-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a476de4b0c8380cd67867","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ferretti, V.","contributorId":64880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferretti","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Llambias, P.E.","contributorId":104279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Llambias","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, T. E.","contributorId":10911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029433,"text":"70029433 - 2005 - A geostatistical approach for describing spatial pattern in stream networks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T19:39:08","indexId":"70029433","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3910,"text":"Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution","onlineIssn":"2296-701X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A geostatistical approach for describing spatial pattern in stream networks","docAbstract":"The shape and configuration of branched networks influence ecological patterns and processes. Recent investigations of network influences in riverine ecology stress the need to quantify spatial structure not only in a two-dimensional plane, but also in networks. An initial step in understanding data from stream networks is discerning non-random patterns along the network. On the other hand, data collected in the network may be spatially autocorrelated and thus not suitable for traditional statistical analyses. Here we provide a method that uses commercially available software to construct an empirical variogram to describe spatial pattern in the relative abundance of coastal cutthroat trout in headwater stream networks. We describe the mathematical and practical considerations involved in calculating a variogram using a non-Euclidean distance metric to incorporate the network pathway structure in the analysis of spatial variability, and use a non-parametric technique to ascertain if the pattern in the empirical variogram is non-random.
","language":"English","publisher":"ESA","doi":"10.1890/1540-9295(2005)003[0138:AGAFDS]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Ganio, L., Torgersen, C., and Gresswell, R., 2005, A geostatistical approach for describing spatial pattern in stream networks: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, v. 3, no. 3, p. 138-144, https://doi.org/10.1890/1540-9295(2005)003[0138:AGAFDS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"138","endPage":"144","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237850,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e407e4b0c8380cd46368","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ganio, L.M.","contributorId":101223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganio","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Torgersen, C.E.","contributorId":34459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torgersen","given":"C.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gresswell, R. E.","contributorId":38084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gresswell","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029430,"text":"70029430 - 2005 - Sheet flow and suspended sediment due to wave groups in a large wave flume","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:46","indexId":"70029430","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1333,"text":"Continental Shelf Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sheet flow and suspended sediment due to wave groups in a large wave flume","docAbstract":"A series of sand bed experiments was carried out in the Large Wave Flume in Hannover, Germany as a component of the SISTEX99 experiment. The experiments focussed on the dynamic sediment response due to wave group forcing over a flat sand bed in order to improve understanding of cross-shore sediment transport mechanisms and determine sediment concentrations, fluxes and net transport rates under these conditions. Sediment concentrations were measured within the sheet flow layer (thickness in the order of 10 grain diameters) and in the suspension region (thickness in the order of centimetres). Within the sheet flow layer, the concentrations are highly coherent with the instantaneous near-bed velocities due to each wave within the wave group. However, in the suspension layer concentrations respond much more slowly to changes in near-bed velocity. At several centimetres above the bed, the suspended sediment concentrations vary on the time scale of the wave group, with a time delay relative to the peak wave within the wave group. The thickness of the sheet flow changes with time. It is strongly coherent with the wave forcing, and is not influenced by the history or sequence of the waves within the group. The velocity of the sediment was also measured within the sheet flow layer some of the time (during the larger wave crests of the group), and the velocity of the fluid was measured at several cm above the sheet flow layer. The grain velocity and concentration estimates can be combined to estimate the sediment flux. The estimates were found to be consistent with previous measurements under monochromatic waves. Under these conditions, without any significant mean current, the sediment flux within the sheet flow layer was found to greatly exceed the sediment flux in the suspension layer. As a result, net transport rates under wave groups are similar to those under monochromatic waves. ?? 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Continental Shelf Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.csr.2004.10.009","issn":"02784343","usgsCitation":"Dohmen-Janssen, C.M., and Hanes, D., 2005, Sheet flow and suspended sediment due to wave groups in a large wave flume: Continental Shelf Research, v. 25, no. 3, p. 333-347, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2004.10.009.","startPage":"333","endPage":"347","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210787,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2004.10.009"},{"id":237813,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8e63e4b08c986b3188e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dohmen-Janssen, C. M.","contributorId":35533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dohmen-Janssen","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanes, D.M.","contributorId":22479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanes","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029427,"text":"70029427 - 2005 - Effects of biotic and abiotic factors on the distribution of trout and salmon along a longitudinal stream gradient","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:51","indexId":"70029427","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1528,"text":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of biotic and abiotic factors on the distribution of trout and salmon along a longitudinal stream gradient","docAbstract":"We examined the influence of biotic and abiotic factors on the distribution, abundance, and condition of salmonid fishes along a stream gradient. We observed a longitudinal change in fish distribution with native cutthroat trout, Oncorhynchus clarki utah, and introduced brown trout, Salmo trutta, demonstrating a distinct pattern of allopatry. Cutthroat trout dominated high elevation reaches, while reaches at lower elevations were dominated by brown trout. A transition zone between these populations was associated with lower total trout abundance, consistent changes in temperature and discharge, and differences in dietary preference. Variation in cutthroat trout abundance was best explained by a model including the abundance of brown trout and diel temperature, whereas variation in brown trout abundance was best explained by a model including the abundance of cutthroat trout and discharge. These results suggest the potential for condition-mediated competition between the two species. The results from our study can aid biologists in prioritizing conservation activities and in developing robust management strategies for cutthroat trout. ?? Springer 2005.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10641-004-2591-4","issn":"03781909","usgsCitation":"De La, H.F., and Budy, P., 2005, Effects of biotic and abiotic factors on the distribution of trout and salmon along a longitudinal stream gradient: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 72, no. 4, p. 379-391, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-004-2591-4.","startPage":"379","endPage":"391","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210730,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10641-004-2591-4"},{"id":237744,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0699e4b0c8380cd51314","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"De La, Hoz Franco Franco, E. A.","contributorId":89337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De La","given":"Hoz","suffix":"Franco, E. A.","email":"","middleInitial":"Franco","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Budy, P.","contributorId":68091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budy","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70194312,"text":"70194312 - 2005 - Rana pretiosa (Oregon spotted frog). Aggregation and habitat use.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T19:37:29","indexId":"70194312","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1898,"text":"Herpetological Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Rana pretiosa (Oregon spotted frog). Aggregation and habitat use.","title":"Rana pretiosa (Oregon spotted frog). Aggregation and habitat use.","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
The level of protective immunity was determined for Chinook Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and sockeye/kokanee salmon (anadromous and landlocked) O. nerka following intramuscular vaccination with a DNA vaccine against the aquatic rhabdovirus, infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV). A DNA vaccine containing the glycoprotein gene of IHNV protected Chinook and sockeye/kokanee salmon against waterborne or injection challenge with IHNV, and relative percent survival (RPS) values of 23 to 86% were obtained under a variety of lethal challenge conditions. Although this is significant protection, it is less than RPS values obtained in previous studies with rainbow trout (O. mykiss). In addition to the variability in the severity of the challenge and inherent host susceptibility differences, it appears that use of a cross-genogroup challenge virus strain may lead to reduced efficacy of the DNA vaccine. Neutralizing antibody titers were detected in both Chinook and sockeye that had been vaccinated with 1.0 and 0.1 ??g doses of the DNA vaccine, and vaccinated fish responded to viral challenges with higher antibody titers than mock-vaccinated control fish. ?? Inter-Research 2005.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/dao064013","issn":"01775103","usgsCitation":"Garver, K., LaPatra, S., and Kurath, G., 2005, Efficacy of an infectious hematopoietic necrosis (IHN) virus DNA vaccine in Chinook Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and sockeye O. nerka salmon: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, v. 64, no. 1, p. 13-22, https://doi.org/10.3354/dao064013.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"13","endPage":"22","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477896,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao064013","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237770,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":265906,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.int-res.com/abstracts/dao/v64/n1/p13-22/"}],"volume":"64","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0857e4b0c8380cd51aa7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garver, K.A.","contributorId":42766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garver","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"LaPatra, S. E.","contributorId":55371,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LaPatra","given":"S. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kurath, Gael 0000-0003-3294-560X gkurath@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-560X","contributorId":100522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"Gael","email":"gkurath@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":422382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029608,"text":"70029608 - 2005 - SHRIMP U-Pb dating of zircon from the Xugou UHP eclogite, Sulu terrane, eastern China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-23T20:36:40.439748","indexId":"70029608","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2020,"text":"International Geology Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"SHRIMP U-Pb dating of zircon from the Xugou UHP eclogite, Sulu terrane, eastern China","docAbstract":"clogites, together with garnet clinopyroxenites, occur as lenses within the Xugou garnet peridotite body in the southern Sulu ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) terrane. Combined cathodoluminescence (CL) imaging and SHRIMP U-Pb dating of zircon from two Xugou mafic eclogites provide added constraints on the timing of UHP metamorphism in this area. Zircons from both samples show subrounded to rounded shapes and patchy CL patterns without inherited igneous cores, indicating that they are metamorphic zircons. SHRIMP U-Pb analyses of these zircons yielded apparent U-Pb ages of 214-280 Ma, with a weighted mean age of 237 ± 8 Ma, which is consistent with previous reported UHP metamorphic ages from eclogite pods and country-rock gneisses. The Xugou mafic lenses may have formed by partial melting of the enclosing peridotites in the mantle before subduction (Zhang et al., 2003); then these eclogites, together with the host peridotites, were tectonically emplaced into the subduction zone and subjected to UHP metamorphism at 237 ± 8 Ma.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.2747/0020-6814.47.8.805","usgsCitation":"Zhao, R., Liou, J.G., Zhang, R.Y., and Wooden, J., 2005, SHRIMP U-Pb dating of zircon from the Xugou UHP eclogite, Sulu terrane, eastern China: International Geology Review, v. 47, no. 8, p. 805-814, https://doi.org/10.2747/0020-6814.47.8.805.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"805","endPage":"814","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237753,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 117.938232421875,\n 33.46810795527896\n ],\n [\n 122.82714843749999,\n 33.46810795527896\n ],\n [\n 122.82714843749999,\n 37.483576550426996\n ],\n [\n 117.938232421875,\n 37.483576550426996\n ],\n [\n 117.938232421875,\n 33.46810795527896\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaf45e4b0c8380cd874ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhao, R.","contributorId":19768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhao","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liou, J. G.","contributorId":87687,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liou","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhang, R. Y.","contributorId":56435,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wooden, Joseph L.","contributorId":32209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"Joseph L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029605,"text":"70029605 - 2005 - Sources, bioavailability, and photoreactivity of dissolved organic carbon in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:52","indexId":"70029605","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sources, bioavailability, and photoreactivity of dissolved organic carbon in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta","docAbstract":"We analyzed bioavailability, photoreactivity, fluorescence, and isotopic composition of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) collected at 13 stations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta during various seasons to estimate the persistence of DOC from diverse shallow water habitat sources. Prospective large-scale wetland restorations in the Delta may change the amount of DOC available to the food web as well as change the quality of Delta water exported for municipal use. Our study indicates that DOC contributed by Delta sources is relatively refractory and likely mostly the dissolved remnants of vascular plant material from degrading soils and tidal marshes rather than phytoplankton production. Therefore, the prospective conversion of agricultural land into submerged, phytoplankton-dominated habitats may reduce the undesired export of DOC from the Delta to municipal users. A median of 10% of Delta DOC was rapidly utilizable by bacterioplankton. A moderate dose of simulated solar radiation (286 W m-2 for 4 h) decreased the DOC bioavailability by an average of 40%, with a larger relative decrease in samples with higher initial DOC bioavailability. Potentially, a DOC-based microbial food web could support ???0.6 ?? 109 g C of protist production in the Delta annually, compared to ???17 ?? 109 g C phytoplankton primary production. Thus, DOC utilization via the microbial food web is unlikely to play an important role in the nutrition of Delta zooplankton and fish, and the possible decrease in DOC concentration due to wetland restoration is unlikely to have a direct effect on Delta fish productivity. ?? Springer 2005.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biogeochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10533-004-3361-2","issn":"01682563","usgsCitation":"Stepanauskas, R., Moran, M., Bergamaschi, B., and Hollibaugh, J., 2005, Sources, bioavailability, and photoreactivity of dissolved organic carbon in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta: Biogeochemistry, v. 74, no. 2, p. 131-149, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-004-3361-2.","startPage":"131","endPage":"149","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237716,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210709,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10533-004-3361-2"}],"volume":"74","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b93a6e4b08c986b31a5f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stepanauskas, R.","contributorId":61937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stepanauskas","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moran, M.A.","contributorId":62385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bergamaschi, B.A. 0000-0002-9610-5581","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-5581","contributorId":22401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergamaschi","given":"B.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hollibaugh, J.T.","contributorId":22886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hollibaugh","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029604,"text":"70029604 - 2005 - Waveform inversion of volcano-seismic signals assuming possible source geometries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:53","indexId":"70029604","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Waveform inversion of volcano-seismic signals assuming possible source geometries","docAbstract":"We propose an approach to quantify the source of volcano-seismic signals assuming possible source geometries. Such an assumption reduces the number of free parameters in a waveform inversion, so we can quantify the source of these signals observed by a small number of seismic stations. We test this method by using the synthesized waveforms radiated by a fluid-filled crack and with seismic data observed at Kusatsu-Shirane Volcano. We find that waveform data from 2 to 3 three-component seismic stations surrounding the source enable us to estimate the source mechanism and location in the present approach. Copyright 2005 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2005GL022666","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Nakano, M., and Kumagai, H., 2005, Waveform inversion of volcano-seismic signals assuming possible source geometries: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 32, no. 12, p. 1-5, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GL022666.","startPage":"1","endPage":"5","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477790,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2005gl022666","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":210687,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005GL022666"},{"id":237682,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-06-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcfa0e4b08c986b32e9ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nakano, M.","contributorId":43528,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nakano","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kumagai, Hiroyuki","contributorId":71337,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kumagai","given":"Hiroyuki","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029602,"text":"70029602 - 2005 - Comparing electronic probes for volumetric water content of low-density feathermoss","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:53","indexId":"70029602","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3379,"text":"Sensor Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparing electronic probes for volumetric water content of low-density feathermoss","docAbstract":"Purpose - Feathermoss is ubiquitous in the boreal forest and across various land-cover types of the arctic and subarctic. A variety of affordable commercial sensors for soil moisture content measurement have recently become available and are in use in such regions, often in conjunction with fire-susceptibility or ecological studies. Few come supplied with calibrations suitable or suggested for soils high in organics. Aims to test seven of these sensors for use in feathermoss, seeking calibrations between sensor output and volumetric water content. Design/methodology/approach - Measurements from seven sensors installed in live, dead and burned feathermoss samples, drying in a controlled manner, were compared to moisture content measurements. Empirical calibrations of sensor output to water content were determined. Findings - Almost all of the sensors tested were suitable for measuring the moss sample water content, and a unique calibration for each sensor for this material is presented. Differences in sensor design lead to changes in sensitivity as a function of volumetric water content, affecting the spatial averaging over the soil measurement volume. Research limitations/implications - The wide range of electromagnetic sensors available include frequency and time domain designs with variations in wave guide and sensor geometry, the location of sensor electronics and operating frequency. Practical implications - This study provides information for extending the use of electromagnetic sensors to feathermoss. Originality/value - A comparison of volumetric water content sensor mechanics and design is of general interest to researchers measuring soil water content. In particular, researchers working in wetlands, boreal forests and tundra regions will be able to apply these results. ?? Emerald Group Publishing Limited.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sensor Review","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1108/02602280510606507","issn":"02602288","usgsCitation":"Overduin, P., Yoshikawa, K., Kane, D., and Harden, J., 2005, Comparing electronic probes for volumetric water content of low-density feathermoss: Sensor Review, v. 25, no. 3, p. 215-221, https://doi.org/10.1108/02602280510606507.","startPage":"215","endPage":"221","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210685,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602280510606507"},{"id":237680,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f832e4b0c8380cd4cf2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Overduin, P.P.","contributorId":37927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Overduin","given":"P.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yoshikawa, K.","contributorId":72736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yoshikawa","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kane, D.L.","contributorId":6633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kane","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harden, J.W. 0000-0002-6570-8259","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":38585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029601,"text":"70029601 - 2005 - Seismic hazard in the South Carolina coastal plain: 2002 update of the USGS national seismic hazard maps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:53","indexId":"70029601","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Seismic hazard in the South Carolina coastal plain: 2002 update of the USGS national seismic hazard maps","docAbstract":"The damaging 1886 moment magnitude ???7 Charleston, South Carolina earthquake is indicative of the moderately likely earthquake activity along this portion of the Atlantic Coast. A recurrence of such an earthquake today would have serious consequences for the nation. The national seismic hazard maps produced by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) provide a picture of the levels of seismic hazard across the nation based on the best and most current scientific information. The USGS national maps were updated in 2002 and will become part of the International Codes in 2006. In the past decade, improvements have occurred in the scientific understanding of the nature and character of earthquake activity and expected ground motions in the central and eastern U.S. The paper summarizes the new knowledge of expected earthquake locations, magnitudes, recurrence, and ground-motion decay with distance. New estimates of peak ground acceleration and 0.2 s and 1.0 s spectral acceleration are compared with those displayed in the 1996 national maps. The 2002 maps show increased seismic hazard in much of the coastal plain of South Carolina, but a decrease in long period (1 s and greater) hazard by up to 20% at distances of over 50 km from the Charleston earthquake zone. Although the national maps do not account for the effects of local or regional sediments, deep coastal-plain sediments can significally alter expected ground shaking, particularly at long period motions where it can be 100% higher than the national maps.","largerWorkTitle":"Solutions to Coastal Disasters 2005 - Proceedings of the Conference","conferenceTitle":"Solutions to Coastal Disasters 2005","conferenceDate":"8 May 2005 through 11 May 2005","conferenceLocation":"Charleston, SC","language":"English","isbn":"0784407746","usgsCitation":"Cramer, C., and Mays, T., 2005, Seismic hazard in the South Carolina coastal plain: 2002 update of the USGS national seismic hazard maps, in Solutions to Coastal Disasters 2005 - Proceedings of the Conference, Charleston, SC, 8 May 2005 through 11 May 2005, p. 630-638.","startPage":"630","endPage":"638","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237644,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8b1ae4b08c986b3175c2","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Wallendorf L.Ewing L.Rogers S.Jones C.","contributorId":128368,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Wallendorf L.Ewing L.Rogers S.Jones C.","id":536650,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Cramer, C.H.","contributorId":100012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cramer","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mays, T.W.","contributorId":108311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mays","given":"T.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029419,"text":"70029419 - 2005 - New constraints on mechanisms of remotely triggered seismicity at Long Valley Caldera","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-01T09:16:30","indexId":"70029419","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New constraints on mechanisms of remotely triggered seismicity at Long Valley Caldera","docAbstract":"Regional-scale triggering of local earthquakes in the crust by seismic waves from distant main shocks has now been robustly documented for over a decade. Some of the most thoroughly recorded examples of repeated triggering of a single site from multiple, large earthquakes are measured in geothermal fields of the western United States like Long Valley Caldera. As one of the few natural cases where the causality of an earthquake sequence is apparent, triggering provides fundamental constraints on the failure processes in earthquakes. We show here that the observed triggering by seismic waves is inconsistent with any mechanism that depends on cumulative shaking as measured by integrated energy density. We also present evidence for a frequency-dependent triggering threshold. On the basis of the seismic records of 12 regional and teleseismic events recorded at Long Valley Caldera, long-period waves (>30 s) are more effective at generating local seismicity than short-period waves of comparable amplitude. If the properties of the system are stationary over time, the failure threshold for long-period waves is ~0.05 cm/s vertical shaking. Assuming a phase velocity of 3.5 km/s and an elastic modulus of 3.5 x 1010Pa, the threshold in terms of stress is 5 kPa. The frequency dependence is due in part to the attenuation of the surface waves with depth. Fluid flow through a porous medium can produce the rest of the observed frequency dependence of the threshold. If the threshold is not stationary with time, pore pressures that are >99.5% of lithostatic and vary over time by a factor of 4 could explain the observations with no frequency dependence of the triggering threshold.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2004JB003211","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Brodsky, E.E., and Prejean, S., 2005, New constraints on mechanisms of remotely triggered seismicity at Long Valley Caldera: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 110, no. 4, p. 1-14, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JB003211.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"14","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477904,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2004jb003211","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237669,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210674,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004JB003211"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Long Valley Caldera","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.90674591064452,\n 37.69482353536507\n ],\n [\n -118.83893966674803,\n 37.69482353536507\n ],\n [\n -118.83893966674803,\n 37.72551521301948\n ],\n [\n -118.90674591064452,\n 37.72551521301948\n ],\n [\n -118.90674591064452,\n 37.69482353536507\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"110","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-04-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6564e4b0c8380cd72ba2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brodsky, E. E.","contributorId":108285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brodsky","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prejean, S. G. 0000-0003-0510-1989","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0510-1989","contributorId":18935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prejean","given":"S. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029598,"text":"70029598 - 2005 - The persistence of the water budget myth and its relationship to sustainability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:53","indexId":"70029598","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The persistence of the water budget myth and its relationship to sustainability","docAbstract":"Sustainability and sustainable pumping are two different concepts that are often used interchangeably. The latter term refers to a pumping rate that can be maintained indefinitely without mining an aquifer, whereas the former term is broader and concerns such issues as ecology and water quality, among others, in addition to sustainable pumping. Another important difference between the two concepts is that recharge can be very important to consider when assessing sustainability, but is not necessary to estimate sustainable pumping rates. Confusion over this distinction is made worse by the Water Budget Myth, which comprises the mistaken yet persistent ideas that (1) sustainable pumping rates cannot exceed virgin recharge rates in aquifers, and (2) that virgin recharge rates must therefore be known to estimate sustainable pumping rates. Analysis of the water balance equation shows the special circumstances that must apply for the Water Budget Myth to be true. However, due to the effects recharge is likely to have on water quality, ecology, socioeconomic factors, and, under certain circumstances, its requirement for numerical modeling, it remains important in assessments of sustainability. ?? Springer-Verlag 2004.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrogeology Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10040-004-0354-0","issn":"14312174","usgsCitation":"Devlin, J., and Sophocleous, M., 2005, The persistence of the water budget myth and its relationship to sustainability: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 13, no. 4, p. 549-554, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-004-0354-0.","startPage":"549","endPage":"554","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210600,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-004-0354-0"},{"id":237574,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-05-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bae8ae4b08c986b324180","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Devlin, J.F.","contributorId":12679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Devlin","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sophocleous, M.","contributorId":13373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sophocleous","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}