Detritus from terrestrial ecosystems is the major source of organic matter in many streams, rivers, and estuaries, yet the role of detritus in supporting pelagic food webs is debated. We examined the importance of detritus to secondary productivity in the Sacramento and San Joaquin River Delta (California, United States), a large complex of tidal freshwater habitats. The Delta ecosystem has low primary productivity but large detrital inputs, so we hypothesized that de tritus is the primary energy source fueling production in pelagic food webs. We assessed the sources, quantity, composition, and bioavailability of organic matter among a diversity of habitats (e.g., marsh sloughs, floodplains, tidal lakes, and deep river channels) over two years to test this hypothesis. Our results support the emerging principle that detritus dominates riverine and estuarine organic matter supply and supports the majority of ecosystem metabolism. Yet in contrast to prevailing ideas, we found that detritus was weakly coupled to the Delta's pelagic food web. Results from independent approaches showed that phytoplankton production was the dominant source of organic matter for the Delta's pelagic food web, even though primary production accounts for a small fraction of the Delta's organic matter supply. If these results are general, they suggest that the value of organic matter to higher trophic levels, including species targeted by programs of ecosystem restoration, is a function of phytoplankton production.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02732759","issn":"01608347","usgsCitation":"Sobczak, W.V., Cloern, J., Jassby, A., Cole, B., Schraga, T., and Arnsberg, A., 2005, Detritus fuels ecosystem metabolism but not metazoan food webs in San Francisco estuary's freshwater delta: Estuaries, v. 28, no. 1, p. 124-137, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02732759.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"124","endPage":"137","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237884,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0001e4b0c8380cd4f528","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sobczak, W. V.","contributorId":41983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sobczak","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cloern, J. E.","contributorId":59453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cloern","given":"J. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jassby, A.D.","contributorId":43798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jassby","given":"A.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cole, B.E.","contributorId":66268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"B.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schraga, T.S.","contributorId":107480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schraga","given":"T.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Arnsberg, A.","contributorId":46756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arnsberg","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70029409,"text":"70029409 - 2005 - Development of ground-motion prediction equations relevant to shallow-mining-induced seismicity in the Trial Mountain area, Emery County, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:51","indexId":"70029409","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of ground-motion prediction equations relevant to shallow-mining-induced seismicity in the Trial Mountain area, Emery County, Utah","docAbstract":"To provide a basis for assessing the seismic hazard to the Joes Valley Dam due to future coal mining in the nearby Cottonwood Tract, central Utah, we developed ground-motion prediction relations using data recorded by a seismic network, established and operated by the University of Utah Seismograph Stations. The network was centered on the Trail Mountain coal mine, located adjacent to the Cottonwood Tract. From late 2000 until early 2001, this network recorded numerous mining-induced events with magnitudes as large as 2.17. The ground motion from these events, recorded at hypocentral distances ranging from about 500 m to approximately 10 km, were well suited to developing new ground-motion prediction relations, especially when augmented by data from a M 4.2 earthquake in the Willow Creek mine, about 50 km north of Trail Mountain. Using a two-stage regression analysis, we determined prediction relations for peak acceleration, peak velocity, and pseudovelocity response spectra, at 5% damping, for periods of 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 s. To illustrate the potential seismic hazard at the Joes Valley dam, we used these ground-motion relations to predict a peak velocity of 6.8 cm/s due to an earthquake with the probable maximum magnitude of 3.9, at a hypocentral distance of 1 km, recorded at a rock site typical for this region. This result does not take into account the site response at the dam.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120040046","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"McGarr, A., and Fletcher, J.B., 2005, Development of ground-motion prediction equations relevant to shallow-mining-induced seismicity in the Trial Mountain area, Emery County, Utah: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 95, no. 1, p. 31-47, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120040046.","startPage":"31","endPage":"47","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210537,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120040046"},{"id":237485,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"95","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0056e4b0c8380cd4f6e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGarr, Art 0000-0001-9769-4093","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9769-4093","contributorId":43491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGarr","given":"Art","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fletcher, Joe B.","contributorId":8850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fletcher","given":"Joe","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029387,"text":"70029387 - 2005 - The calcite → aragonite transformation in low-Mg marble: Equilibrium relations, transformations mechanisms, and rates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-11T09:01:06","indexId":"70029387","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The calcite → aragonite transformation in low-Mg marble: Equilibrium relations, transformations mechanisms, and rates","docAbstract":"Experimental transformation of a rather pure natural calcite marble to aragonite marble did not proceed via the expected straightforward polymorphic replacement. Instead, the small amount of Mg in the starting material (0.36 wt %) was excluded from the growing aragonite and diffused preferentially into the remaining calcite grains, producing Mg-rich calcite rods that persisted as relicts. Nucleation of aragonite occurred exclusively on grain boundaries, with aragonite [001] oriented subparallel to calcite [0001]. The aragonite crystals preferentially consumed the calcite crystal on which they nucleated, and the reaction fronts developed preferentially along the {010} and {110} planes of aragonite. Each aragonite neoblast that grew was nearly free of Mg (typically <0.1 wt %). The excess Mg was taken up by the calcite grains in between, stabilizing them and causing a few volume percent rodlike relicts of Mg-enriched calcite (up to 10 wt % MgO) to be left behind by the advancing reaction front. The aragonite growth rates are approximately linear and range from ∼3 × 10−11 m s−1 at 600°C to ∼9 × 10−9 m s−1 at 850°C, with an apparent activation enthalpy of 166 ± 91 kJ mol−1. This reaction mechanism and the resultant texture are akin to cellular precipitation reactions in metals. Similar transformation textures have been reported from high-Mg marbles in Japan and China that disproportionated to low-Mg calcite and dolomite.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1029/2004JB003302","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Hacker, B.R., Rubie, D.C., Kirby, S.H., and Bohlen, S.R., 2005, The calcite → aragonite transformation in low-Mg marble: Equilibrium relations, transformations mechanisms, and rates: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 110, no. 3, p. 1-16, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JB003302.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477709,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2004jb003302","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237701,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210698,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004JB003302"}],"volume":"110","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-03-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba9fde4b08c986b32265d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hacker, Bradley R.","contributorId":101576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hacker","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rubie, David C.","contributorId":70940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubie","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirby, Stephen H. 0000-0003-1636-4688 skirby@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1636-4688","contributorId":2752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"Stephen","email":"skirby@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":422520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bohlen, Steven R.","contributorId":17982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlen","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029367,"text":"70029367 - 2005 - Hierarchical faunal filters: An approach to assessing effects of habitat and nonnative species on native fishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:49","indexId":"70029367","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1471,"text":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hierarchical faunal filters: An approach to assessing effects of habitat and nonnative species on native fishes","docAbstract":"Understanding factors related to the occurrence of species across multiple spatial and temporal scales is critical to the conservation and management of native fishes, especially for those species at the edge of their natural distribution. We used the concept of hierarchical faunal filters to provide a framework for investigating the influence of habitat characteristics and normative piscivores on the occurrence of 10 native fishes in streams of the North Platte River watershed in Wyoming. Three faunal filters were developed for each species: (i) large-scale biogeographic, (ii) local abiotic, and (iii) biotic. The large-scale biogeographic filter, composed of elevation and stream-size thresholds, was used to determine the boundaries within which each species might be expected to occur. Then, a local abiotic filter (i.e., habitat associations), developed using binary logistic-regression analysis, estimated the probability of occurrence of each species from features such as maximum depth, substrate composition, submergent aquatic vegetation, woody debris, and channel morphology (e.g., amount of pool habitat). Lastly, a biotic faunal filter was developed using binary logistic regression to estimate the probability of occurrence of each species relative to the abundance of nonnative piscivores in a reach. Conceptualising fish assemblages within a framework of hierarchical faunal filters is simple and logical, helps direct conservation and management activities, and provides important information on the ecology of fishes in the western Great Plains of North America. ?? Blackwell Munksgaard, 2004.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0633.2004.00073.x","issn":"09066691","usgsCitation":"Quist, M., Rahel, F., and Hubert, W., 2005, Hierarchical faunal filters: An approach to assessing effects of habitat and nonnative species on native fishes: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 14, no. 1, p. 24-39, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0633.2004.00073.x.","startPage":"24","endPage":"39","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210867,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0633.2004.00073.x"},{"id":237918,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-02-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a309be4b0c8380cd5d7b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Quist, M.C. 0000-0001-8268-1839","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8268-1839","contributorId":62805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quist","given":"M.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rahel, F.J.","contributorId":82037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rahel","given":"F.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hubert, W.A.","contributorId":12822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubert","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029354,"text":"70029354 - 2005 - Efficacy of an infectious hematopoietic necrosis (IHN) virus DNA vaccine in Chinook Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and sockeye O. nerka salmon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-17T12:41:07","indexId":"70029354","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1396,"text":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Efficacy of an infectious hematopoietic necrosis (IHN) virus DNA vaccine in Chinook Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and sockeye O. nerka salmon","docAbstract":"The level of protective immunity was determined for Chinook Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and sockeye/kokanee salmon (anadromous and landlocked) O. nerka following intramuscular vaccination with a DNA vaccine against the aquatic rhabdovirus, infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV). A DNA vaccine containing the glycoprotein gene of IHNV protected Chinook and sockeye/kokanee salmon against waterborne or injection challenge with IHNV, and relative percent survival (RPS) values of 23 to 86% were obtained under a variety of lethal challenge conditions. Although this is significant protection, it is less than RPS values obtained in previous studies with rainbow trout (O. mykiss). In addition to the variability in the severity of the challenge and inherent host susceptibility differences, it appears that use of a cross-genogroup challenge virus strain may lead to reduced efficacy of the DNA vaccine. Neutralizing antibody titers were detected in both Chinook and sockeye that had been vaccinated with 1.0 and 0.1 ??g doses of the DNA vaccine, and vaccinated fish responded to viral challenges with higher antibody titers than mock-vaccinated control fish. ?? Inter-Research 2005.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/dao064013","issn":"01775103","usgsCitation":"Garver, K., LaPatra, S., and Kurath, G., 2005, Efficacy of an infectious hematopoietic necrosis (IHN) virus DNA vaccine in Chinook Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and sockeye O. nerka salmon: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, v. 64, no. 1, p. 13-22, https://doi.org/10.3354/dao064013.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"13","endPage":"22","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477896,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao064013","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237770,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":265906,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.int-res.com/abstracts/dao/v64/n1/p13-22/"}],"volume":"64","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0857e4b0c8380cd51aa7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garver, K.A.","contributorId":42766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garver","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"LaPatra, S. E.","contributorId":55371,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LaPatra","given":"S. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kurath, Gael 0000-0003-3294-560X gkurath@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-560X","contributorId":100522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"Gael","email":"gkurath@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":422382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029452,"text":"70029452 - 2005 - Brucite microbialites in living coral skeletons: Indicators of extreme microenvironments in shallow-marine settings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:51","indexId":"70029452","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Brucite microbialites in living coral skeletons: Indicators of extreme microenvironments in shallow-marine settings","docAbstract":"Brucite [Mg(OH)2] microbialites occur in vacated interseptal spaces of living scleractinian coral colonies (Acropora, Pocillopora, Porites) from subtidal and intertidal settings in the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, and subtidal Montastraea from the Florida Keys, United States. Brucite encrusts microbial filaments of endobionts (i.e., fungi, green algae, cyanobacteria) growing under organic biofilms; the brucite distribution is patchy both within interseptal spaces and within coralla. Although brucite is undersaturated in seawater, its precipitation was apparently induced in the corals by lowered pCO 2 and increased pH within microenvironments protected by microbial biofilms. The occurrence of brucite in shallow-marine settings highlights the importance of microenvironments in the formation and early diagenesis of marine carbonates. Significantly, the brucite precipitates discovered in microenvironments in these corals show that early diagenetic products do not necessarily reflect ambient seawater chemistry. Errors in environmental interpretation may arise where unidentified precipitates occur in microenvironments in skeletal carbonates that are subsequently utilized as geochemical seawater proxies. ?? 2005 Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/G20932.1","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Nothdurft, L., Webb, G., Buster, N., Holmes, C.W., Sorauf, J., and Kloprogge, J., 2005, Brucite microbialites in living coral skeletons: Indicators of extreme microenvironments in shallow-marine settings: Geology, v. 33, no. 3, p. 169-172, https://doi.org/10.1130/G20932.1.","startPage":"169","endPage":"172","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210625,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G20932.1"},{"id":237601,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f29ee4b0c8380cd4b261","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nothdurft, L.D.","contributorId":43160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nothdurft","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Webb, G.E.","contributorId":33516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"G.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buster, N.A.","contributorId":105518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buster","given":"N.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Holmes, C. W.","contributorId":36076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmes","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sorauf, J.E.","contributorId":84559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorauf","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kloprogge, J.T.","contributorId":71754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kloprogge","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70035419,"text":"70035419 - 2005 - Reconnaissance study of late quaternary faulting along Cerro Goden fault zone, western Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-01T21:09:35.440122","indexId":"70035419","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reconnaissance study of late quaternary faulting along Cerro Goden fault zone, western Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"The Cerro Goden fault zone is associated with a curvilinear, continuous, and prominent topographic lineament in western Puerto Rico. The fault varies in strike from northwest to west. In its westernmost section, the fault is ∼500 m south of an abrupt, curvilinear mountain front separating the 270- to 361-m-high La Cadena de San Francisco range from the Rio Añasco alluvial valley. The Quaternary fault of the Añasco Valley is in alignment with the bedrock fault mapped by D. McIntyre (1971) in the Central La Plata quadrangle sheet east of Añasco Valley. Previous workers have postulated that the Cerro Goden fault zone continues southeast from the Añasco Valley and merges with the Great Southern Puerto Rico fault zone of south-central Puerto Rico. West of the Añasco Valley, the fault continues offshore into the Mona Passage (Caribbean Sea) where it is characterized by offsets of seafloor sediments estimated to be of late Quaternary age. Using both 1:18,500 scale air photographs taken in 1936 and 1:40,000 scale photographs taken by the U.S. Department of Agriculture in 1986, we identified geomorphic features suggestive of Quaternary fault movement in the Añasco Valley, including aligned and deflected drainages, apparently offset terrace risers, and mountain-facing scarps. Many of these features suggest right-lateral displacement.
Mapping of Paleogene bedrock units in the uplifted La Cadena range adjacent to the Cerro Goden fault zone reveals the main tectonic events that have culminated in late Quaternary normal-oblique displacement across the Cerro Goden fault. Cretaceous to Eocene rocks of the La Cadena range exhibit large folds with wavelengths of several kms. The orientation of folds and analysis of fault striations within the folds indicate that the folds formed by northeast-southwest shortening in present-day geographic coordinates. The age of deformation is well constrained as late Eocene–early Oligocene by an angular unconformity separating folded, deep-marine middle Eocene rocks from transgressive, shallow-marine rocks of middle-upper Oligocene age. Rocks of middle Oligocene–early Pliocene age above unconformity are gently folded about the roughly east-west–trending Puerto Rico–Virgin Islands arch, which is well expressed in the geomorphology of western Puerto Rico. Arching appears ongoing because onshore and offshore late Quaternary oblique-slip faults closely parallel the complexly deformed crest of the arch and appear to be related to extensional strains focused in the crest of the arch. We estimate ∼4 km of vertical throw on the Cerro Goden fault based on the position of the carbonate cap north of the fault in the La Cadena de San Francisco and its position south of the fault inferred from seismic reflection data in Mayaguez Bay. Based on these observations, our interpretation of the kinematics and history of the Cerro Goden fault zone includes two major phases of motion: (1) Eocene northeast-southwest shortening possibly accompanied by left-lateral shearing as determined by previous workers on the Great Southern Puerto Rico fault zone; and (2) post–early Pliocene regional arching of Puerto Rico accompanied by normal offset and right-lateral shear along faults flanking the crest of the arch. The second phase of deformation accompanied east-west opening of the Mona rift and is inferred to continue to the present day.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0-8137-2385-X.115","usgsCitation":"Mann, P., Prentice, C., Hippolyte, J., Grindlay, N., Abrams, L., and Lao-Davila, D., 2005, Reconnaissance study of late quaternary faulting along Cerro Goden fault zone, western Puerto Rico: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, v. 385, p. 115-137, https://doi.org/10.1130/0-8137-2385-X.115.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"115","endPage":"137","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243175,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","otherGeospatial":"Cerro Goden fault zone","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -67.3187255859375,\n 17.926475979176438\n ],\n [\n -66.33270263671875,\n 17.926475979176438\n ],\n [\n -66.33270263671875,\n 18.521283325496277\n ],\n [\n -67.3187255859375,\n 18.521283325496277\n ],\n [\n -67.3187255859375,\n 17.926475979176438\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"385","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9913e4b0c8380cd82d6f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mann, P.","contributorId":55167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mann","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prentice, C.S.","contributorId":56667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prentice","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hippolyte, J.-C.","contributorId":36377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hippolyte","given":"J.-C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grindlay, N.R.","contributorId":28445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grindlay","given":"N.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Abrams, L.J.","contributorId":98968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abrams","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lao-Davila, D.","contributorId":44753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lao-Davila","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70029401,"text":"70029401 - 2005 - Assessing contaminant sensitivity of endangered and threatened aquatic species: Part I. Acute toxicity of five chemicals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-29T14:27:49","indexId":"70029401","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing contaminant sensitivity of endangered and threatened aquatic species: Part I. Acute toxicity of five chemicals","docAbstract":"Assessment of contaminant impacts to federally identified endangered, threatened and candidate, and state-identified endangered species (collectively referred to as \"listed\" species) requires understanding of a species' sensitivities to particular chemicals. The most direct approach would be to determine the sensitivity of a listed species to a particular contaminant or perturbation. An indirect approach for aquatic species would be application of toxicity data obtained from standard test procedures and species commonly used in laboratory toxicity tests. Common test species (fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas; sheepshead minnow, Cyprinodon variegatus; and rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss) and 17 listed or closely related species were tested in acute 96-hour water exposures with five chemicals (carbaryl, copper, 4-nonylphenol, pentachlorophenol, and permethrin) representing a broad range of toxic modes of action. No single species was the most sensitive to all chemicals. For the three standard test species evaluated, the rainbow trout was more sensitive than either the fathead minnow or sheepshead minnow and was equal to or more sensitive than listed and related species 81% of the time. To estimate an LC50 for a listed species, a factor of 0.63 can be applied to the geometric mean LC50 of rainbow trout toxicity data, and more conservative factors can be determined using variance estimates (0.46 based on 1 SD of the mean and 0.33 based on 2 SD of the mean). Additionally, a low- or no-acute effect concentration can be estimated by multiplying the respective LC50 by a factor of approximately 0.56, which supports the United States Environmental Protection Agency approach of multiplying the final acute value by 0.5 (division by 2). When captive or locally abundant populations of listed fish are available, consideration should be given to direct testing. When direct toxicity testing cannot be performed, approaches for developing protective measures using common test species toxicity data are available. ?? 2005 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00244-003-3038-1","issn":"00904341","usgsCitation":"Dwyer, F., Mayer, F., Sappington, L., Buckler, D., Bridges, C., Greer, I., Hardesty, D., Henke, C., Ingersoll, C., Kunz, J., Whites, D., Augspurger, T., Mount, D., Hattala, K., and Neuderfer, G., 2005, Assessing contaminant sensitivity of endangered and threatened aquatic species: Part I. Acute toxicity of five chemicals: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 48, no. 2, p. 143-154, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-003-3038-1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"143","endPage":"154","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237919,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210868,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00244-003-3038-1"}],"volume":"48","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059edcfe4b0c8380cd49a05","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dwyer, F.J.","contributorId":107818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dwyer","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mayer, F.L.","contributorId":79418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayer","given":"F.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sappington, L.C.","contributorId":76907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sappington","given":"L.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Buckler, D.R.","contributorId":54699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckler","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bridges, C.M.","contributorId":104652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bridges","given":"C.M.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":422598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Greer, I.E.","contributorId":70182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greer","given":"I.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hardesty, D.K.","contributorId":43935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardesty","given":"D.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Henke, C.E.","contributorId":102264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henke","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ingersoll, C.G. 0000-0003-4531-5949","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-5949","contributorId":56338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"C.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kunz, J.L.","contributorId":7872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kunz","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Whites, D.W.","contributorId":52367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whites","given":"D.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Augspurger, T.","contributorId":81844,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Augspurger","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Mount, D.R.","contributorId":13774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mount","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Hattala, K.","contributorId":20619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hattala","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Neuderfer, G.N.","contributorId":49250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neuderfer","given":"G.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70029361,"text":"70029361 - 2005 - Population genetic structure of annual and perennial populations of Zostera marina L. along the Pacific coast of Baja California and the Gulf of California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-20T18:20:15","indexId":"70029361","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2774,"text":"Molecular Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population genetic structure of annual and perennial populations of Zostera marina L. along the Pacific coast of Baja California and the Gulf of California","docAbstract":"The Baja California peninsula represents a biogeographical boundary contributing to regional differentiation among populations of marine animals. We investigated the genetic characteristics of perennial and annual populations of the marine angiosperm, Zostera marina, along the Pacific coast of Baja California and in the Gulf of California, respectively. Populations of Z. marina from five coastal lagoons along the Pacific coast and four sites in the Gulf of California were studied using nine microsatellite loci. Analyses of variance revealed significant interregional differentiation, but no subregional differentiation. Significant spatial differentiation, assessed using θ values, was observed among all populations within the two regions. Z. marina populations along the Pacific coast are separated by more than 220 km and had the greatest θ (0.13-0.28) values, suggesting restricted gene flow. In contrast, lower but still significant genetic differentiation was observed among populations within the Gulf of California (θ = 0.04-0.18), even though populations are separated by more than 250 km. This suggests higher levels of gene flow among Gulf of California populations relative to Pacific coast populations. Direction of gene flow was predominantly southward among Pacific coast populations, whereas no dominant polarity in the Gulf of California populations was observed. The test for isolation by distance (IBD) showed a significant correlation between genetic and geographical distances in Gulf of California populations, but not in Pacific coast populations, perhaps because of shifts in currents during El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events along the Pacific coast.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Molecular Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02454.x","issn":"09621083","usgsCitation":"Muñiz-Salazar, R., Talbot, S.L., Sage, G.K., Ward, D.H., and Cabello-Pasini, A., 2005, Population genetic structure of annual and perennial populations of Zostera marina L. along the Pacific coast of Baja California and the Gulf of California: Molecular Ecology, v. 14, no. 3, p. 711-722, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02454.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"711","endPage":"722","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237844,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210813,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02454.x"}],"volume":"14","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-02-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7d75e4b0c8380cd79f69","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muñiz-Salazar, Raquel","contributorId":171744,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Muñiz-Salazar","given":"Raquel","affiliations":[{"id":26937,"text":"Escuela de Ciencias de la Salid, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":422409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":422407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sage, George K. 0000-0003-1431-2286 ksage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1431-2286","contributorId":87833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sage","given":"George","email":"ksage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":422406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ward, David H. 0000-0002-5242-2526 dward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2526","contributorId":3247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":422408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cabello-Pasini, Alejandro","contributorId":80636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cabello-Pasini","given":"Alejandro","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029364,"text":"70029364 - 2005 - Surface deformation associated with the March 1996 earthquake swarm at Akutan Island, Alaska, revealed by C-band ERS and L-band JERS radar interferometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-07T09:56:14","indexId":"70029364","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1175,"text":"Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Surface deformation associated with the March 1996 earthquake swarm at Akutan Island, Alaska, revealed by C-band ERS and L-band JERS radar interferometry","docAbstract":"In March 1996, an intense earthquake swarm beneath Akutan Island, Alaska, was accompanied by extensive ground cracking but no eruption of Akutan volcano. Radar interferograms produced from L-band JERS-1 and C-band ERS-1/2 images show uplift associated with the swarm by as much as 60 cm on the western part of the island. The JERS-1 interferogram has greater coherence, especially in areas with loose surface material or thick vegetation. It also shows subsidence of similar magnitude on the eastern part of the island and displacements along faults reactivated during the swarm. The axis of uplift and subsidence strikes about N70°W, which is roughly parallel to a zone of fresh cracks on the northwest flank of the volcano, to normal faults that cut the island and to the inferred maximum compressive stress direction. A common feature of models that fit the deformation is the emplacement of a shallow dike along this trend beneath the northwest flank of the volcano. Both before and after the swarm, the northwest flank was uplifted 5–20 mm/year relative to the southwest flank, probably by magma intrusion. The zone of fresh cracks subsided about 20 mm during 1996–1997 and at lesser rates thereafter, possibly because of cooling and degassing of the intrusion.
A catastrophic lahar began on 30 October 1998, as hurricane precipitation triggered a small flank collapse of Casita volcano, a complex and probably dormant stratovolcano. The initial rockslide‐debris avalanche evolved on the flank to yield a watery debris flood with a sediment concentration less than 60 per cent by volume at the base of the volcano. Within 2·5 km, however, the watery flow entrained (bulked) enough sediment to transform entirely to a debris flow. The debris flow, 6 km downstream and 1·2 km wide and 3 to 6 m deep, killed 2500 people, nearly the entire populations of the communities of El Porvenir and Rolando Rodriguez. These ‘new towns’ were developed in a prehistoric lahar pathway: at least three flows of similar size since 8330 14C years bp are documented by stratigraphy in the same 30‐degree sector. Travel time between perception of the flow and destruction of the towns was only 2·5–3·0 minutes. The evolution of the flow wave occurred with hydraulic continuity and without pause or any extraordinary addition of water.
The precipitation trigger of the Casita lahar emphasizes the need, in volcano hazard assessments, for including the potential for non‐eruption‐related collapse lahars with the more predictable potential of their syneruption analogues. The flow behaviour emphasizes that volcano collapses can yield not only volcanic debris avalanches with restricted runouts, but also mobile lahars that enlarge by bulking as they flow. Volumes and hence inundation areas of collapse‐runout lahars can increase greatly beyond their sources: the volume of the Casita lahar bulked to at least 2·6 times the contributing volume of the flank collapse and 4·2 times that of the debris flood. At least 78 per cent of the debris flow matrix (sediment < −1·0Φ; 2 mm) was entrained during flow. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
","largerWorkTitle":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","language":"English","doi":"10.1002/esp.1127","issn":"01979337","usgsCitation":"Scott, K.M., Vallance, J., Kerle, N., Macias, J., Strauch, W., and Devoli, G., 2005, Catastrophic precipitation-triggered lahar at Casita volcano, Nicaragua: Occurrence, bulking and transformation: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 30, no. 1, p. 59-79, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.1127.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"59","endPage":"79","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237417,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210484,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/esp.1127"}],"country":"Nicaragua","otherGeospatial":"Casita volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.06253051757812,\n 12.62559781052759\n ],\n [\n -86.8798828125,\n 12.62559781052759\n ],\n [\n -86.8798828125,\n 12.756892195236285\n ],\n [\n -87.06253051757812,\n 12.756892195236285\n ],\n [\n -87.06253051757812,\n 12.62559781052759\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-12-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f3cae4b0c8380cd4b96a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, K. M.","contributorId":8119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vallance, J.W.","contributorId":45336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vallance","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kerle, N.","contributorId":54013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kerle","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Macias, J.L.","contributorId":41159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macias","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Strauch, W.","contributorId":47152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strauch","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Devoli, G.","contributorId":42632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Devoli","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70029383,"text":"70029383 - 2005 - Crack azimuths on Europa: The G1 lineament sequence revisited","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:50","indexId":"70029383","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Crack azimuths on Europa: The G1 lineament sequence revisited","docAbstract":"The tectonic sequence in the anti-jovian area covered by regional mapping images from Galileo's orbit E15 is determined from a study of cross-cutting relationships among lineament features. The sequence is used to test earlier results from orbit G1, based on lower resolution images, which appeared to display a progressive change in azimuthal orientation over about 90?? in a clockwise sense. Such a progression is consistent with expected stress variations that would accompany plausible non-synchronous rotation. The more recent data provide a more complete record than the G1 data did. We find that to fit the sequence into a continual clockwise change of orientation would require at least 1000?? (> 5 cycles) of azimuthal rotation. If due to non-synchronous rotation of Europa, this result implies that we are seeing back further into the tectonic record than the G1 results had suggested. The three sets of orientations found by Geissler et al. now appear to have been spaced out over several cycles, not during a fraction of one cycle. While our more complete sequence of lineament formation is consistent with non-synchronous rotation, a statistical test shows that it cannot be construed as independent evidence. Other lines of evidence do support non-synchronous rotation, but azimuths of crack sequences do not show it, probably because only a couple of cracks form in a given region in any given non-synchronous rotation period. ?? 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2004.08.011","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"Sarid, A., Greenberg, R., Hoppa, G., Brown, D., and Geissler, P., 2005, Crack azimuths on Europa: The G1 lineament sequence revisited: Icarus, v. 173, no. 2, p. 469-479, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2004.08.011.","startPage":"469","endPage":"479","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210644,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2004.08.011"},{"id":237630,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"173","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fc94e4b0c8380cd4e320","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sarid, A.R.","contributorId":72582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sarid","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Greenberg, R.","contributorId":26778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greenberg","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hoppa, G.V.","contributorId":68098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoppa","given":"G.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, D.M. Jr.","contributorId":18963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"D.M.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Geissler, P.","contributorId":45662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geissler","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029408,"text":"70029408 - 2005 - \"Sour gas\" hydrothermal jarosite: Ancient to modern acid-sulfate mineralization in the southern Rio Grande Rift","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:51","indexId":"70029408","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"\"Sour gas\" hydrothermal jarosite: Ancient to modern acid-sulfate mineralization in the southern Rio Grande Rift","docAbstract":"As many as 29 mining districts along the Rio Grande Rift in southern New Mexico contain Rio Grande Rift-type (RGR) deposits consisting of fluorite-barite??sulfide-jarosite, and additional RGR deposits occur to the south in the Basin and Range province near Chihuahua, Mexico. Jarosite occurs in many of these deposits as a late-stage hydrothermal mineral coprecipitated with fluorite, or in veinlets that crosscut barite. In these deposits, many of which are limestone-hosted, jarosite is followed by natrojarosite and is nested within silicified or argillized wallrock and a sequence of fluorite-barite??sulfide and late hematite-gypsum. These deposits range in age from ???10 to 0.4 Ma on the basis of 40Ar/39Ar dating of jarosite. There is a crude north-south distribution of ages, with older deposits concentrated toward the south. Recent deposits also occur in the south, but are confined to the central axis of the rift and are associated with modern geothermal systems. The duration of hydrothermal jarosite mineralization in one of the deposits was approximately 1.0 my. Most ??18OSO4-OH values indicate that jarosite precipitated between 80 and 240 ??C, which is consistent with the range of filling temperatures of fluid inclusions in late fluorite throughout the rift, and in jarosite (180 ??C) from Pen??a Blanca, Chihuahua, Mexico. These temperatures, along with mineral occurrence, require that the jarosite have had a hydrothermal origin in a shallow steam-heated environment wherein the low pH necessary for the precipitation of jarosite was achieved by the oxidation of H2S derived from deeper hydrothermal fluids. The jarosite also has high trace-element contents (notably As and F), and the jarosite parental fluids have calculated isotopic signatures similar to those of modern geothermal waters along the southern rift; isotopic values range from those typical of meteoric water to those of deep brine that has been shown to form from the dissolution of Permian evaporite by deeply circulating meteoric water. Jarosite ??34S values range from -24??? to 5???, overlapping the values for barite and gypsum at the high end of the range and for sulfides at the low end. Most ??34S values for barite are 10.6??? to 13.1???, and many ??34S values for gypsum range from 13.1??? to 13.9??? indicating that a component of aqueous sulfate was derived from Permian evaporites (??34 S=12??2???). The requisite H2SO4 for jarosite formation was derived from oxidation of H2S which was likely largely sour gas derived from the thermochemical reduction of Permian sulfate. The low ??34S values for the precursor H2S probably resulted from exchange deeper in the basin with the more abundant Permian SO42- at ???150 to 200 ??C. Jarosite formed at shallow levels after the pH buffering capacity of the host rock (typically limestone) was neutralized by precipitation of earlier minerals. Some limestone-hosted deposits contain caves that may have been caused by the low pH of the deep basin fluids due to the addition of deep-seated HF and other magmatic gases during periods of renewed rifting. Caves in other deposits may be due to sulfuric acid speleogenesis as a result of H2S incursion into oxygenated groundwaters. The isotopic data in these \"sour gas\" jarosite occurrences encode a record of episodic tectonic or hydrologic processes that have operated in the rift over the last 10 my. ?? 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.06.042","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Lueth, V., Rye, R.O., and Peters, L., 2005, \"Sour gas\" hydrothermal jarosite: Ancient to modern acid-sulfate mineralization in the southern Rio Grande Rift: Chemical Geology, v. 215, no. 1-4 SPEC. ISS., p. 339-360, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.06.042.","startPage":"339","endPage":"360","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210536,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.06.042"},{"id":237484,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"215","issue":"1-4 SPEC. ISS.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e214e4b0c8380cd4594a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lueth, V.W.","contributorId":58831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lueth","given":"V.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rye, R. O.","contributorId":66208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rye","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peters, L.","contributorId":49971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70035420,"text":"70035420 - 2005 - Eastern rim of the Chesapeake Bay impact crater: Morphology, stratigraphy, and structure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-24T14:46:32","indexId":"70035420","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Eastern rim of the Chesapeake Bay impact crater: Morphology, stratigraphy, and structure","docAbstract":"This study reexamines seven reprocessed (increased vertical exaggeration) seismic reflection profiles that cross the eastern rim of the Chesapeake Bay impact crater. The eastern rim is expressed as an arcuate ridge that borders the crater in a fashion typical of the \"raised\" rim documented in many well preserved complex impact craters. The inner boundary of the eastern rim (rim wall) is formed by a series of raterfacing, steep scarps, 15-60 m high. In combination, these rim-wall scarps represent the footwalls of a system of crater-encircling normal faults, which are downthrown toward the crater. Outboard of the rim wall are several additional normal-fault blocks, whose bounding faults trend approximately parallel to the rim wall. The tops of the outboard fault blocks form two distinct, parallel, flat or gently sloping, terraces. The innermost terrace (Terrace 1) can be identified on each profile, but Terrace 2 is only sporadically present. The terraced fault blocks are composed mainly of nonmarine, poorly to moderately consolidated, siliciclastic sediments, belonging to the Lower Cretaceous Potomac Formation. Though the ridge-forming geometry of the eastern rim gives the appearance of a raised compressional feature, no compelling evidence of compressive forces is evident in the profiles studied. The structural mode, instead, is that of extension, with the clear dominance of normal faulting as the extensional mechanism.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/0-8137-2384-1.117","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Poag, C.W., 2005, Eastern rim of the Chesapeake Bay impact crater: Morphology, stratigraphy, and structure: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 384, p. 117-130, https://doi.org/10.1130/0-8137-2384-1.117.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"117","endPage":"130","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243176,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215377,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/542/chapter/3801888/Eastern-rim-of-the-Chesapeake-Bay-impact-crater?redirectedFrom=PDF"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.69830322265625,\n 38.06322991452768\n ],\n [\n -75.98693847656249,\n 38.06322991452768\n ],\n [\n -75.98693847656249,\n 39.54641191968671\n ],\n [\n -76.69830322265625,\n 39.54641191968671\n ],\n [\n -76.69830322265625,\n 38.06322991452768\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","issue":"384","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0536e4b0c8380cd50ce3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poag, C. W.","contributorId":16402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poag","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70029402,"text":"70029402 - 2005 - Catastrophic meltwater discharge down the Hudson Valley: A potential trigger for the Intra-Allerød cold period","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-30T12:34:28","indexId":"70029402","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Catastrophic meltwater discharge down the Hudson Valley: A potential trigger for the Intra-Allerød cold period","docAbstract":"Glacial freshwater discharge to the Atlantic Ocean during deglaciation may have inhibited oceanic thermohaline circulation, and is often postulated to have driven climatic fluctuations. Yet attributing meltwater-discharge events to particular climate oscillations is problematic, because the location, timing, and amount of meltwater discharge are often poorly constrained. We present evidence from the Hudson Valley and the northeastern U.S. continental margin that establishes the timing of the catastrophic draining of Glacial Lake Iroquois, which breached the moraine dam at the Narrows in New York City, eroded glacial lake sediments in the Hudson Valley, and deposited large sediment lobes on the New York and New Jersey continental shelf ca. 13,350 yr B.P. Excess 14C in Cariaco Basin sediments indicates a slowing in thermohaline circulation and heat transport to the North Atlantic at that time, and both marine and terrestrial paleoclimate proxy records around the North Atlantic show a short-lived (<400 yr) cold event (Intra-Allerød cold period) that began ca. 13,350 yr B.P. The meltwater discharge out the Hudson Valley may have played an important role in triggering the Intra-Allerød cold period by diminishing thermohaline circulation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/G21043.1","usgsCitation":"Donnelly, J., Driscoll, N.W., Uchupi, E., Keigwin, L.D., Schwab, W.C., Thieler, E.R., and Swift, S.A., 2005, Catastrophic meltwater discharge down the Hudson Valley: A potential trigger for the Intra-Allerød cold period: Geology, v. 33, no. 2, p. 89-92, https://doi.org/10.1130/G21043.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"89","endPage":"92","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237920,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f3cae4b0c8380cd4b967","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Donnelly, Jeffrey P.","contributorId":91613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donnelly","given":"Jeffrey P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Driscoll, Neal W.","contributorId":63266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Driscoll","given":"Neal","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Uchupi, Elazar","contributorId":79853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uchupi","given":"Elazar","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keigwin, Loyd D.","contributorId":46790,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keigwin","given":"Loyd","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6706,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":422601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schwab, William C. 0000-0001-9274-5154 bschwab@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9274-5154","contributorId":417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwab","given":"William","email":"bschwab@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":422605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Thieler, E. Robert 0000-0003-4311-9717 rthieler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4311-9717","contributorId":2488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thieler","given":"E.","email":"rthieler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":422606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Swift, Stephen A.","contributorId":37524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swift","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70029405,"text":"70029405 - 2005 - A method for the use of landscape metrics in freshwater research and management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-31T09:14:37","indexId":"70029405","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A method for the use of landscape metrics in freshwater research and management","docAbstract":"Freshwater research and management efforts could be greatly enhanced by a better understanding of the relationship between landscape-scale factors and water quality indicators. This is particularly true in urban areas, where land transformation impacts stream systems at a variety of scales. Despite advances in landscape quantification methods, several studies attempting to elucidate the relationship between land use/land cover (LULC) and water quality have resulted in mixed conclusions. However, these studies have largely relied on compositional landscape metrics. For urban and urbanizing watersheds in particular, the use of metrics that capture spatial pattern may further aid in distinguishing the effects of various urban growth patterns, as well as exploring the interplay between environmental and socioeconomic variables. However, to be truly useful for freshwater applications, pattern metrics must be optimized based on characteristic watershed properties and common water quality point sampling methods. Using a freely available LULC data set for the Santa Clara Basin, California, USA, we quantified landscape composition and configuration for subwatershed areas upstream of individual sampling sites, reducing the number of metrics based on: (1) sensitivity to changes in extent and (2) redundancy, as determined by a multivariate factor analysis. The first two factors, interpreted as (1) patch density and distribution and (2) patch shape and landscape subdivision, explained approximately 85% of the variation in the data set, and are highly reflective of the heterogeneous urban development pattern found in the study area. Although offering slightly less explanatory power, compositional metrics can provide important contextual information.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/condor/107.2.193","usgsCitation":"Heglund, P., and Skagen, S.K., 2005, Ecology and physiology of en route Nearctic-Neotropical migratory birds: A call for collaboration: Condor, v. 107, no. 2, p. 193-196, https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/107.2.193.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"193","endPage":"196","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":491725,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/107.2.193","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":129776,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"107","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db627ae9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heglund, Patricia J.","contributorId":51248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heglund","given":"Patricia J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Skagen, Susan K. 0000-0002-6744-1244 skagens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6744-1244","contributorId":2009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skagen","given":"Susan","email":"skagens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":313238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1008111,"text":"1008111 - 2005 - Flight speeds of northern pintails during migration determined by satellite telemetry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-03T16:47:27.243169","indexId":"1008111","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3783,"text":"The Wilson Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-5643","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flight speeds of northern pintails during migration determined by satellite telemetry","docAbstract":"Speed (km/hr) during flight is one of several factors determining the rate of migration (km/ day) and flight range of birds. We attached 26-g, back-mounted satellite-received radio tags (platform transmitting terminals; PTTs) to adult female Northern Pintails (Anas acuta) during (1) midwinter 2000–2003 in the northern Central Valley of California, (2) fall and winter 2002–2003 in the Playa Lakes Region and Gulf Coast of Texas, and (3) early fall 2002–2003 in south-central New Mexico. We tracked tagged birds after release and, in several instances, obtained multiple locations during single migratory flights (flight paths). We used data from 17 PTT-tagged hens along 21 migratory flight paths to estimate groundspeeds during spring (n = 19 flights) and fall (n = 2 flights). Pintails migrated at an average groundspeed of 77 ± 4 (SE) km/hr (range for individual flight paths = 40–122 km/hr), which was within the range of estimates reported in the literature for migratory and local flights of waterfowl (42–116 km/hr); further, groundspeed averaged 53 ± 6 km/hr in headwinds and 82 ± 4 km/hr in tailwinds. At a typical, but hypothetical, flight altitude of 1,460 m (850 millibars standard pressure), 17 of the 21 flight paths occurred in tailwinds with an average airspeed of 55 ± 4 km/hr, and 4 occurred in headwinds with an average airspeed of 71 ± 4 km/hr. These adjustments in airspeed and groundspeed in response to wind suggest that pintails migrated at airspeeds that on average maximized range and conserved energy, and fell within the range of expectations based on aerodynamic and energetic theory.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wilson Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1676/04-114.1","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.R., Takekawa, J.Y., Fleskes, J.P., Orthmeyer, D.L., Casazza, M.L., Haukos, D.A., and Perry, W.M., 2005, Flight speeds of northern pintails during migration determined by satellite telemetry: The Wilson Bulletin, v. 117, no. 4, p. 364-374, https://doi.org/10.1676/04-114.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"364","endPage":"374","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477862,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1676/04-114.1","text":"External Repository"},{"id":132367,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"117","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f2e4b07f02db5ef266","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Michael R.","contributorId":45796,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12709,"text":"Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":316779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":316781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fleskes, Joseph P. 0000-0001-5388-6675 joe_fleskes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5388-6675","contributorId":1889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleskes","given":"Joseph","email":"joe_fleskes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":316783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Orthmeyer, Dennis L.","contributorId":52646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orthmeyer","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":316782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":316780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Haukos, David A. 0000-0001-5372-9960 dhaukos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-9960","contributorId":3664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haukos","given":"David","email":"dhaukos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":316778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Perry, William M. 0000-0002-6180-8180 wmperry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6180-8180","contributorId":5124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"William","email":"wmperry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":316777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70029583,"text":"70029583 - 2005 - Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus accumulation in floodplains of Atlantic Coastal Plain rivers, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-02T16:30:29.130981","indexId":"70029583","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus accumulation in floodplains of Atlantic Coastal Plain rivers, USA","docAbstract":"Net nutrient accumulation rates were measured in riverine floodplains of the Atlantic Coastal Plain in Virginia, Maryland, and Delaware, USA. The floodplains were located in watersheds with different land use and included two sites on the Chickahominy River (urban), one site on the Mattaponi River (forested), and five sites on the Pocomoke River (agricultural). The Pocomoke River floodplains lie along reaches with natural hydrogeomorphology and on reaches with restricted flooding due to channelization and levees. A network of feldspar clay marker horizons was placed on the sediment surface of each floodplain site 3–6 years prior to sampling. Sediment cores were collected from the material deposited over the feldspar clay pads. This overlying sediment was separated from the clay layer and then dried, weighed, and analyzed for its total carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) content.
Mean C accumulation rates ranged from 61 to 212 g·m−2·yr−1, N accumulation rates ranged from 3.5 to 13.4 g·m−2·yr−1, and P accumulation rates ranged from 0.2 to 4.1 g·m−2·yr−1 among the eight floodplains. Patterns of intersite variation in mineral sediment and P accumulation rates were similar to each other, as was variation in organic sediment and C and N accumulation rates. The greatest sediment and C, N, and P accumulation rates were observed on Chickahominy River floodplains downstream from the growing metropolitan area of Richmond, Virginia. Nutrient accumulation rates were lowest on Pocomoke River floodplains that have been hydraulically disconnected from the main channel by channelization and levees. Sediment P concentrations and P accumulation rates were much greater on the hydraulically connected floodplain immediately downstream of the limit of channelization and dense chicken agriculture of the upper Pocomoke River watershed. These findings indicate that (1) watershed land use has a large effect on sediment and nutrient retention in floodplains, and (2) limiting the hydraulic connectivity between river channels and floodplains minimizes material retention by floodplains in fluvial hydroscapes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/04-1677","usgsCitation":"Noe, G.E., and Hupp, C., 2005, Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus accumulation in floodplains of Atlantic Coastal Plain rivers, USA: Ecological Applications, v. 15, no. 4, p. 1178-1190, https://doi.org/10.1890/04-1677.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1178","endPage":"1190","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237895,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, Maryland, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Coastal Plain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.6348876953125,\n 37.08585785263673\n ],\n [\n -75.0970458984375,\n 37.08585785263673\n ],\n [\n -75.0970458984375,\n 38.732661120482334\n ],\n [\n -77.6348876953125,\n 38.732661120482334\n ],\n [\n -77.6348876953125,\n 37.08585785263673\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f36be4b0c8380cd4b7d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Noe, Gregory E. 0000-0002-6661-2646 gnoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6661-2646","contributorId":139100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noe","given":"Gregory","email":"gnoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":423341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hupp, Cliff 0000-0003-1853-9197","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1853-9197","contributorId":19030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Cliff","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029375,"text":"70029375 - 2005 - A space‐for‐time substitution reveals the long‐term decline in genotypic diversity of a widespread salt marsh plant, Spartina alterniflora, over a span of 1500 years","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-10T16:30:02.366143","indexId":"70029375","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2242,"text":"Journal of Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"A space‐for‐time substitution reveals the long‐term decline in genotypic diversity of a widespread salt marsh plant, Spartina alterniflora, over a span of 1500 years","title":"A space‐for‐time substitution reveals the long‐term decline in genotypic diversity of a widespread salt marsh plant, Spartina alterniflora, over a span of 1500 years","docAbstract":"Effects of flooding on survival and growth of three different types of Nuttall oak (Quercus texana Buckl.) seedlings were observed at the end of third and fifth growing seasons at Yazoo National Wildlife Refuge, Mississippi, U.S.A. Three types of seedlings were planted in January 1995 in a split‐plot design, with four replications at each of two elevations on floodprone, former cropland in Sharkey clay soil. The lower of the two planting elevations was inundated for 21 days during the first growing season, whereas the higher elevation did not flood during the 5‐year period of this study. The three types of 1‐0 seedlings were bareroot seedlings, seedlings grown in containers (3.8 × 21–cm plastic seedling cones), and container‐grown seedlings inoculated with vegetative mycelia of Pisolithus tinctorius (Pers.) Coker. Survival of all the three seedling types was greatest at the lower, intermittently flooded elevation, indicating that drought and related effects on plant competition were more limiting to seedling survival than flooding. At the lower elevation, survival of mycorrhizal‐inoculated container seedlings was greater than that of noninoculated container seedlings. Survival among bareroot seedlings and inoculated container seedlings was not significantly different at either elevation. At the higher, nonflooded elevation, however, bareroot seedling survival was greater than the survival of container seedlings without inoculation. Differences were significant among the inoculated and the noninoculated container seedlings, with higher survival of inoculated seedlings at both elevations, though differences were only significant in year 3. At the end of the fifth year, height of bareroot seedlings was significantly greater than the heights of both types of container‐grown seedlings at both planting elevations. Because seedlings grown in the plastic seedlings cones did not survive better than the bareroot seedlings at either planting elevation, the bareroot stock appear to be the economically superior choice for regeneration in Sharkey soil.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1526-100X.2005.00059.x","usgsCitation":"Burkett, V., Draugelis-Dale, R., Williams, H., and Schoenholtz, S., 2005, Effects of flooding regime and seedling treatment on early survival and growth of nuttall oak: Restoration Ecology, v. 13, no. 3, p. 471-479, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-100X.2005.00059.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"471","endPage":"479","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134341,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Yazoo National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.021728515625,\n 33.01067881643441\n ],\n [\n -90.91014862060547,\n 33.01067881643441\n ],\n [\n -90.91014862060547,\n 33.10304621868762\n ],\n [\n -91.021728515625,\n 33.10304621868762\n ],\n [\n -91.021728515625,\n 33.01067881643441\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ee4b07f02db6154d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burkett, V.R. 0000-0003-4746-2862","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4746-2862","contributorId":71129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burkett","given":"V.R.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":312066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Draugelis-Dale, R.O. 0000-0001-8532-3287","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8532-3287","contributorId":19520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Draugelis-Dale","given":"R.O.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":312063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williams, H.M.","contributorId":66656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"H.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schoenholtz, S.H.","contributorId":60178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoenholtz","given":"S.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031424,"text":"70031424 - 2005 - Endocrine disruption of parr-smolt transformation and seawater tolerance of Atlantic salmon by 4-nonylphenol and 17β-estradiol","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-04T11:33:30","indexId":"70031424","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1738,"text":"General and Comparative Endocrinology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Endocrine disruption of parr-smolt transformation and seawater tolerance of Atlantic salmon by 4-nonylphenol and 17β-estradiol","docAbstract":"Sex steroids are known to interfere with the parr-smolt transformation of anadromous salmonids, and environmental estrogens such as nonylphenol have recently been implicated in reduced returns of Atlantic salmon in the wild. To determine the endocrine pathways by which estrogenic compounds affect smolt development and seawater tolerance, groups of juvenile Atlantic salmon were injected with one of five doses (0.5, 2, 10, 40 or 150 μg g−1) of branched 4-nonylphenol (NP), 2 μg g−1 of 17β-estradiol (E2), or vehicle, during the parr-smolt transformation in April, and the treatment was repeated 4, 8, and 11 days after the first injection. Plasma was obtained for biochemical analysis 7 and 14 days after initiation of treatment. After 14 days of treatment, additional fish from each treatment group were exposed to seawater for 24 h to assess salinity tolerance. The E2 treatment and the highest NP dose resulted in lower salinity tolerance and decreased plasma insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels, along with elevated levels of plasma vitellogenin and total calcium. Plasma growth hormone levels were elevated at intermediate NP doses only, and not affected by E2. After 7 days, plasma thyroxine (T4) levels decreased in a strong, dose-dependent manner in response to nonylphenol, but after 14 days, this suppressive effect of T4 occurred at the highest NP dose only. Similarly, E2 decreased plasma T4 levels at 7, but not 14 days. Plasma 3,3′,5-triodo-l-thyronine was reduced by E2 and the highest NP dose after 7 and 14 days of treatment. Plasmacortisol levels were not affected by any of the treatments. The results indicate that the parr-smolt transformation and salinity tolerance can be compromised by exposure to estrogenic compounds. Suppression of plasma IGF-I levels is a likely endocrine pathway for the effects of estrogenic compounds on hypo-osmoregulatory capacity, and the detrimental effects of E2 and NP on thyroid hormone levels are also likely to compromise the normal parr-smolt transformation of Atlantic salmon.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ygcen.2005.01.015","issn":"00166480","usgsCitation":"McCormick, S., O’Dea, M.F., Moeckel, A.M., Lerner, D.T., and Bjornsson, B.T., 2005, Endocrine disruption of parr-smolt transformation and seawater tolerance of Atlantic salmon by 4-nonylphenol and 17β-estradiol: General and Comparative Endocrinology, v. 142, no. 3, p. 280-288, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2005.01.015.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"280","endPage":"288","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240099,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212593,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2005.01.015"}],"volume":"142","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0927e4b0c8380cd51e1e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCormick, Stephen D. 0000-0003-0621-6200 smccormick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":2197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"Stephen D.","email":"smccormick@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":431446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Dea, Michael F. modea@usgs.gov","contributorId":5417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Dea","given":"Michael","email":"modea@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":431449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moeckel, Amy M.","contributorId":22946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moeckel","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lerner, Darrren T.","contributorId":51175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lerner","given":"Darrren","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bjornsson, Bjorn Thrandur","contributorId":28928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bjornsson","given":"Bjorn","email":"","middleInitial":"Thrandur","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70031583,"text":"70031583 - 2005 - Burrowing owl nesting productivity: A comparison between artificial and natural burrows on and off golf courses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-07T13:22:58.610855","indexId":"70031583","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Burrowing owl nesting productivity: A comparison between artificial and natural burrows on and off golf courses","docAbstract":"Burrowing owl (Athene cunicularia) populations are declining in many portions of their range, and lack of suitable nesting burrows is thought to be one reason for observed declines. Burrowing owls are attracted to golf courses because the birds generally nest and forage in short-grass, open areas, yet golf courses seldom have suitable nesting burrows. We examined the efficacy of installing artificial nesting burrows on golf courses as a way to help restore local burrowing owl populations. From 2001–2004 we monitored over 175 natural burrows off golf courses, 14 natural burrows on golf courses, 86 artificial burrows off golf courses, and 130 artificial burrows on golf courses. Owls located and used 8 of the 130 artificial burrows installed on golf courses (4 were used as nests). Owls selected burrows that were closer to existing natural burrows, farther from maintained areas (areas receiving turf maintenance by golf course staff), and farther from sprinkler heads. All 4 of the artificial burrows used as nests successfully fledged young, and annual site fidelity for owls nesting on golf courses was higher than for owls nesting off golf courses. However, annual fecundity of owls nesting on golf courses was lower than that of owls nesting off golf courses. If golf courses have sufficiently large nonmaintained areas and there are nesting owls nearby, course managers potentially can help in restoring local burrowing owl populations by installing artificial nesting burrows on the periphery of the course. However, the low fecundity on golf courses reported here should be more thoroughly examined before artificial burrows are used to attract owls to golf courses.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[454:BONPAC]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Smith, M.D., Conway, C.J., and Ellis, L., 2005, Burrowing owl nesting productivity: A comparison between artificial and natural burrows on and off golf courses: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 33, no. 2, p. 454-462, https://doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[454:BONPAC]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"454","endPage":"462","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239900,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f2bbe4b0c8380cd4b315","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, M. D.","contributorId":25724,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conway, Courtney J. 0000-0003-0492-2953 cconway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0492-2953","contributorId":2951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"Courtney","email":"cconway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":432216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellis, L. A.","contributorId":51540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"L. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1016615,"text":"1016615 - 2005 - Causes of wolf depredation increase in Minnesota from 1979-1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-07T13:39:05.904274","indexId":"1016615","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Causes of wolf depredation increase in Minnesota from 1979-1998","docAbstract":"Wolf (Canis lupus) depredations on livestock in Minnesota have been increasing over the last 20 years. A major explanation cited for this increase is wolf range expansion, but no studies have tested this explanation. Additional reasons could include 1) wolf colonization of new areas within long-existing wolf range, 2) learning by wolves in established range, and 3) increased wolf density. We did not assess increasing wolf density as a factor because estimated wolf density in Minnesota has not increased. To assess how each of the other factors might have affected depredations, we created and analyzed a database of Minnesota's 923 verified depredations at 435 farms. We graphed the numbers of verified depredations and the number of farms with verified depredations to assess temporal trends and used ArcView GIS software to assess spatial relationships of the depredations. All 3 factors tested (colonization, range expansion, and learning) seemed to have contributed to wolf depredation increase. However, the proportion of depredations occurring due to wolf range expansion increased from 20% in 1989 to 48% in 1998.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[888:COWDIM]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Harper, E.K., Paul, W., and Mech, L., 2005, Causes of wolf depredation increase in Minnesota from 1979-1998: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 33, p. 888-896, https://doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[888:COWDIM]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"888","endPage":"896","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133035,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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