{"pageNumber":"2590","pageRowStart":"64725","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70031523,"text":"70031523 - 2005 - Estimating hydrodynamic roughness in a wave-dominated environment with a high-resolution acoustic Doppler profiler","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:14","indexId":"70031523","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2315,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating hydrodynamic roughness in a wave-dominated environment with a high-resolution acoustic Doppler profiler","docAbstract":"Hydrodynamic roughness is a critical parameter for characterizing bottom drag in boundary layers, and it varies both spatially and temporally due to variation in grain size, bedforms, and saltating sediment. In this paper we investigate temporal variability in hydrodynamic roughness using velocity profiles in the bottom boundary layer measured with a high-resolution acoustic Doppler profiler (PCADP). The data were collected on the ebb-tidal delta off Grays Harbor, Washington, in a mean water depth of 9 m. Significant wave height ranged from 0.5 to 3 m. Bottom roughness has rarely been determined from hydrodynamic measurements under conditions such as these, where energetic waves and medium-to-fine sand produce small bedforms. Friction velocity due to current u*c and apparent bottom roughness z0a were determined from the PCADP burst mean velocity profiles using the law of the wall. Bottom roughness kB was estimated by applying the Grant-Madsen model for wave-current interaction iteratively until the model u*c converged with values determined from the data. The resulting kB values ranged over 3 orders of magnitude (10-1 to 10-4 m) and varied inversely with wave orbital diameter. This range of kB influences predicted bottom shear stress considerably, suggesting that the use of time-varying bottom roughness could significantly improve the accuracy of sediment transport models. Bedform height was estimated from kB and is consistent with both ripple heights predicted by empirical models and bedforms in sonar images collected during the experiment. Copyright 2005 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2003JC001814","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Lacy, J., Sherwood, C.R., Wilson, D., Chisholm, T., and Gelfenbaum, G., 2005, Estimating hydrodynamic roughness in a wave-dominated environment with a high-resolution acoustic Doppler profiler: Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans, v. 110, no. 6, p. 1-15, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JC001814.","startPage":"1","endPage":"15","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477833,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/3616","text":"External Repository"},{"id":212475,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JC001814"},{"id":239965,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"110","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-06-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b22e4b0c8380cd525b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lacy, J.R.","contributorId":68508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lacy","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sherwood, C. R.","contributorId":48235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherwood","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilson, D.J.","contributorId":56038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chisholm, T.A.","contributorId":12268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chisholm","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gelfenbaum, G.R.","contributorId":88766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gelfenbaum","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70027926,"text":"70027926 - 2005 - Quantifying Northern Goshawk diets using remote cameras and observations from blinds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:19","indexId":"70027926","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2442,"text":"Journal of Raptor Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying Northern Goshawk diets using remote cameras and observations from blinds","docAbstract":"Raptor diet is most commonly measured indirectly, by analyzing castings and prey remains, or directly, by observing prey deliveries from blinds. Indirect methods are not only time consuming, but there is evidence to suggest these methods may overestimate certain prey taxa within raptor diet. Remote video surveillance systems have been developed to aid in monitoring and data collection, but their use in field situations can be challenging and is often untested. To investigate diet and prey delivery rates of Northern Goshawks (Accipiter gentilis), we operated 10 remote camera systems at occupied nests during the breeding seasons of 1999 and 2000 in east-central Arizona. We collected 2458 hr of useable video and successfully identified 627 (93%) prey items at least to Class (Aves, Mammalia, or Reptilia). Of prey items identified to genus, we identified 344 (81%) mammals, 62 (15%) birds, and 16 (4%) reptiles. During camera operation, we also conducted observations from blinds at a subset of five nests to compare the relative efficiency and precision of both methods. Limited observations from blinds yielded fewer prey deliveries, and therefore, lower delivery rates (0.16 items/hr) than simultaneous video footage (0.28 items/hr). Observations from blinds resulted in fewer prey identified to the genus and species levels, when compared to data collected by remote cameras. Cameras provided a detailed and close view of nests, allowed for simultaneous recording at multiple nests, decreased observer bias and fatigue, and provided a permanent archive of data. ?? 2005 The Raptor Research Foundation, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Raptor Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"08921016","usgsCitation":"Rogers, A.S., DeStefano, S., and Ingraldi, M., 2005, Quantifying Northern Goshawk diets using remote cameras and observations from blinds: Journal of Raptor Research, v. 39, no. 3, p. 303-309.","startPage":"303","endPage":"309","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238517,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91bee4b0c8380cd8042d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rogers, A. S.","contributorId":101448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogers","given":"A.","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeStefano, S.","contributorId":84309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeStefano","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ingraldi, M.F.","contributorId":41214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingraldi","given":"M.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70027616,"text":"70027616 - 2005 - Environment of ore deposition in the Creede mining district, San Juan Mountains, Colorado: Part VI. Maximum duration for mineralization of the OH vein","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:48","indexId":"70027616","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environment of ore deposition in the Creede mining district, San Juan Mountains, Colorado: Part VI. Maximum duration for mineralization of the OH vein","docAbstract":"The rate at which ore deposits form is one of the least well established parameters in all of economic geology. However, increased detail in sampling, improved technology of dating, and sophistication in modeling are reducing the uncertainties and establishing that ore formation, at least for the porphyry copper-skarn-epithermal base and precious metals deposit package, may take place in surprisingly brief intervals. This contribution applies another approach to examine the duration of mineralization. The degree to which compositional gradients within single crystals has flattened through solid-state diffusion offers a measure of the thermal dose (that is temperature combined with time) that the crystals have been subjected to since deposition. Here we examine the steepness of gradients in iron content within individual single sphalerite crystals from the epithermal silver-lead-zinc deposit in the OH vein at Creede, Colorado. Two initial textures are considered: growth-banded crystals and compositionally contrasting overgrowths that succeed crosscutting dissolution or fractured surfaces. The model used estimates the maximum possible time by assuming a perfectly sharp original compositional step, and it asks how long it would take at a known temperature for the gradient measured today to have formed. Applying the experimentally determined diffusion rates of Mizuta (1988a) to compositional gradients (ranging from 0.4-2.2 mol % FeS/??m) measured by the electron microprobe in 2-??m steps on banded sphalerite formed early in the paragenetic history yields a maximum duration of less than ???10,000 yr. Sphalerite from a solution unconformity in a position midway through the paragenetic sequence is indistinguishable from instantaneous deposition, supporting the conclusion of rapid ore formation. While this formation interval seems very brief, it is consistent with less well constrained estimates using entirely different criteria. ?? 2005 Society of Economic Geologists, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Economic Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2113/100.7.1313","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Campbell, W.R., and Barton, P., 2005, Environment of ore deposition in the Creede mining district, San Juan Mountains, Colorado: Part VI. Maximum duration for mineralization of the OH vein: Economic Geology, v. 100, no. 7, p. 1313-1324, https://doi.org/10.2113/100.7.1313.","startPage":"1313","endPage":"1324","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238095,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210976,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2113/100.7.1313"}],"volume":"100","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a098be4b0c8380cd51f72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, W. R.","contributorId":20775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barton, P.B.","contributorId":78751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barton","given":"P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70027915,"text":"70027915 - 2005 - Interpreting DNAPL saturations in a laboratory-scale injection using one- and two-dimensional modeling of GPR Data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-23T20:04:09.276093","indexId":"70027915","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1864,"text":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interpreting DNAPL saturations in a laboratory-scale injection using one- and two-dimensional modeling of GPR Data","docAbstract":"Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is used to track a dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) injection in a laboratory sand tank. Before modeling, the GPR data provide a qualitative image of DNAPL saturation and movement. One-dimensional (1D) GPR modeling provides a quantitative interpretation of DNAPL volume within a given thickness during and after the injection. DNAPL saturation in sublayers of a specified thickness could not be quantified because calibration of the 1D GPR model is nonunique when both permittivity and depth of multiple layers are unknown. One-dimensional GPR modeling of the sand tank indicates geometric interferences in a small portion of the tank. These influences are removed from the interpretation using an alternate matching target. Two-dimensional (2D) GPR modeling provides a qualitative interpretation of the DNAPL distribution through pattern matching and tests for possible 2D influences that are not accounted for in the 1D GPR modeling. Accurate quantitative interpretation of DNAPL volumes using GPR modeling requires (1) identification of a suitable target that produces a strong reflection and is not subject to any geometric interference; (2) knowledge of the exact depth of that target; and (3) use of two-way radar-wave travel times through the medium to the target to determine the permittivity of the intervening material, which eliminates reliance on signal amplitude. With geologic conditions that are suitable for GPR surveys (i.e., shallow depths, low electrical conductivities, and a known reflective target), the procedures in this laboratory study can be adapted to a field site to delineate shallow DNAPL source zones.","language":"English","publisher":"National Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6592.2005.0011.x","usgsCitation":"Johnson, R.H., and Poeter, E.P., 2005, Interpreting DNAPL saturations in a laboratory-scale injection using one- and two-dimensional modeling of GPR Data: Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation, v. 25, no. 1, p. 159-169, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2005.0011.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"159","endPage":"169","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238325,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-03-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3d8de4b0c8380cd63658","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Raymond H. rhjohnso@usgs.gov","contributorId":707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Raymond","email":"rhjohnso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":415779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poeter, Eileen P.","contributorId":78805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poeter","given":"Eileen","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70027913,"text":"70027913 - 2005 - Morphological and electrophysiological examination of olfactory sensory neurons during the early developmental prolarval stage of the sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus L","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:50","indexId":"70027913","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2399,"text":"Journal of Neurocytology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Morphological and electrophysiological examination of olfactory sensory neurons during the early developmental prolarval stage of the sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus L","docAbstract":"This study examined olfactory sensory neuron morphology and physiological responsiveness in newly hatched sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus L. These prolarvae hatch shortly after neural tube formation, and stay within nests for approximately 18 days, before moving downstream to silty areas where they burrow, feed and pass to the larval stage. To explore the possibility that the olfactory system is functioning during this prolarval stage, morphological and physiological development of olfactory sensory neurons was examined. The nasal cavity contained an olfactory epithelium with ciliated olfactory sensory neurons. Axons formed aggregates in the basal portion of the olfactory epithelium and spanned the narrow distance between the olfactory epithelium and the brain. The presence of asymmetric synapses with agranular vesicles within fibers in the brain, adjacent to the olfactory epithelium suggests that there was synaptic connectivity between olfactory sensory axons and the brain. Neural recordings from the surface of the olfactory epithelium showed responses following the application of L-arginine, taurocholic acid, petromyzonol sulfate (a lamprey migratory pheromone), and water conditioned by conspecifics. These results suggest that lampreys may respond to olfactory sensory input during the prolarval stage. ?? 2006 Springer Science + Business Media, LLC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Neurocytology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11068-005-8354-0","issn":"03004864","usgsCitation":"Zielinski, B., Fredricks, K., McDonald, R., and Zaidi, A., 2005, Morphological and electrophysiological examination of olfactory sensory neurons during the early developmental prolarval stage of the sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus L: Journal of Neurocytology, v. 34, no. 3-5, p. 209-216, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11068-005-8354-0.","startPage":"209","endPage":"216","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238323,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211126,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11068-005-8354-0"}],"volume":"34","issue":"3-5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5e3ce4b0c8380cd708b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zielinski, B.S.","contributorId":15819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zielinski","given":"B.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fredricks, Keith","contributorId":8671,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fredricks","given":"Keith","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McDonald, R.","contributorId":27668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zaidi, A.U.","contributorId":9453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zaidi","given":"A.U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70027832,"text":"70027832 - 2005 - Geospatial decision support systems for societal decision making","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:45","indexId":"70027832","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1065,"text":"Boletin Geologico y Minero","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geospatial decision support systems for societal decision making","docAbstract":"While science provides reliable information to describe and understand the earth and its natural processes, it can contribute more. There are many important societal issues in which scientific information can play a critical role. Science can add greatly to policy and management decisions to minimize loss of life and property from natural and man-made disasters, to manage water, biological, energy, and mineral resources, and in general, to enhance and protect our quality of life. However, the link between science and decision-making is often complicated and imperfect. Technical language and methods surround scientific research and the dissemination of its results. Scientific investigations often are conducted under different conditions, with different spatial boundaries, and in different timeframes than those needed to support specific policy and societal decisions. Uncertainty is not uniformly reported in scientific investigations. If society does not know that data exist, what the data mean, where to use the data, or how to include uncertainty when a decision has to be made, then science gets left out -or misused- in a decision making process. This paper is about using Geospatial Decision Support Systems (GDSS) for quantitative policy analysis. Integrated natural -social science methods and tools in a Geographic Information System that respond to decision-making needs can be used to close the gap between science and society. The GDSS has been developed so that nonscientists can pose \"what if\" scenarios to evaluate hypothetical outcomes of policy and management choices. In this approach decision makers can evaluate the financial and geographic distribution of potential policy options and their societal implications. Actions, based on scientific information, can be taken to mitigate hazards, protect our air and water quality, preserve the planet's biodiversity, promote balanced land use planning, and judiciously exploit natural resources. Applications using the GDSS have demonstrated the benefits of utilizing science for policy decisions. Investment in science reduces decision-making uncertainty and reducing that uncertainty has economic value.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Boletin Geologico y Minero","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"03660176","usgsCitation":"Bernknopf, R., 2005, Geospatial decision support systems for societal decision making: Boletin Geologico y Minero, v. 116, no. 4, p. 325-330.","startPage":"325","endPage":"330","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238076,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"116","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a28ace4b0c8380cd5a2e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bernknopf, R. L.","contributorId":46082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernknopf","given":"R. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70027889,"text":"70027889 - 2005 - Chloroethene biodegradation in sediments at 4°C","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-05T07:50:11","indexId":"70027889","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chloroethene biodegradation in sediments at 4°C","docAbstract":"
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Microbial reductive dechlorination of [1,2-14C]trichloroethene to [14C]cis-dichloroethene and [14C]vinyl chloride was observed at 4°C in anoxic microcosms prepared with cold temperature-adapted aquifer and river sediments from Alaska. Microbial anaerobic oxidation of [1,2-14C]cis-dichloroethene and [1,2-14C]vinyl chloride to 14CO2 also was observed under these conditions.

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\n
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/AEM.71.10.6414-6417.2005","issn":"00992240","usgsCitation":"Bradley, P., Richmond, S., and Chapelle, F.H., 2005, Chloroethene biodegradation in sediments at 4°C: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 71, no. 10, p. 6414-6417, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.71.10.6414-6417.2005.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"6414","endPage":"6417","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477762,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1265935","text":"External Repository"},{"id":238513,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211256,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.71.10.6414-6417.2005"}],"volume":"71","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f5d1e4b0c8380cd4c43d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, P. M. 0000-0001-7522-8606","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":29465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"P. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richmond, S.","contributorId":20967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chapelle, F. H.","contributorId":101697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":87288,"text":"87288 - 2005 - Decision making with environmental indices","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-30T18:18:40","indexId":"87288","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"7","title":"Decision making with environmental indices","docAbstract":"

Since Ott's seminal book on environmental indices (1978), the use of indices has expanded into several natural resource disciplines, including ecological studies, environmental policymaking, and agricultural economics. However, despite their increasing use in natural resource disciplines, researchers and public decision makers continue to express concern about validity of these instruments to capture and communicate multidimensional, and sometimes disparate, characteristics of research data and stakeholder interests. Our purpose is to demonstrate how useful indices can be for communicating environmental information to decision makers. We discuss how environmental indices have evolved over four stages: 1) simple; 2) compound multicriteria; 3) the impact matrix and 4) disparate stakeholder management. We provide examples of simple and compound indices that were used by policy decision makers. We then build a framework, called an Impact Matrix (IM), that comprehensively accounts for multiple indices but lets the user decide how to integrate them. The IM was shaped from the concept of a financial risk payoff matrix and applied to ecosystem risk. While the IM offers flexibility, it does not address stakeholder preferences about which index to use. Therefore, the last phase in our evolutionary ladder includes stakeholder indices to specifically address disparate stakeholder preferences. Finally, we assert that an environmental index has the potential to increase resource efficiency, since the number of decision making resources may be reduced, and hence improve upon resource productivity

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"New trends in ecology research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Nova Science Publishers, Inc.","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","isbn":"1-59454-379-8","usgsCitation":"Hoag, D.L., Ascough, J.C., Keske-Handley, C., and Koontz, L., 2005, Decision making with environmental indices, chap. 7 of New trends in ecology research, p. 159-182.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"159","endPage":"182","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128271,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":350252,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.novapublishers.com/catalog/product_info.php?products_id=2227"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db6726f3","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Burk, A.R.","contributorId":113141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burk","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504919,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Hoag, Dana L.","contributorId":40294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoag","given":"Dana","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":297593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ascough, James C. II","contributorId":68678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ascough","given":"James","suffix":"II","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":297596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keske-Handley, C.","contributorId":93424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keske-Handley","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":297595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Koontz, Lynne koontzl@usgs.gov","contributorId":131112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koontz","given":"Lynne","email":"koontzl@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":297594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70027613,"text":"70027613 - 2005 - Geology and insolation-driven climatic history of Amazonian north polar materials on Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:48","indexId":"70027613","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology and insolation-driven climatic history of Amazonian north polar materials on Mars","docAbstract":"Mariner 9 and Viking spacecraft images revealed that the polar regions of Mars, like those of Earth, record the planet's climate history. However, fundamental uncertainties regarding the materials, features, ages and processes constituting the geologic record remained. Recently acquired Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter data and Mars Orbiter Camera high-resolution images from the Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft and moderately high-resolution Thermal Emission Imaging System visible images from the Mars Odyssey spacecraft permit more comprehensive geologic and climatic analyses. Here I map and show the history of geologic materials and features in the north polar region that span the Amazonian period (???3.0 Gyr ago to present). Erosion and redeposition of putative circumpolar mud volcano deposits (formed by eruption of liquefied, fine-grained material) led to the formation of an Early Amazonian polar plateau consisting of dark layered materials. Crater ejecta superposed on pedestals indicate that a thin mantle was present during most of the Amazonian, suggesting generally higher obliquity and insolation conditions at the poles than at present. Brighter polar layered deposits rest unconformably on the dark layers and formed mainly during lower obliquity over the past 4-5 Myr (ref. 20). Finally, the uppermost layers post-date the latest downtrend in obliquity <20,000 years ago. ?? 2005 Nature Publishing Group.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/nature04065","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Tanaka, K.L., 2005, Geology and insolation-driven climatic history of Amazonian north polar materials on Mars: Nature, v. 437, no. 7061, p. 991-994, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04065.","startPage":"991","endPage":"994","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210955,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature04065"},{"id":238060,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"437","issue":"7061","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2376e4b0c8380cd578a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tanaka, K. L.","contributorId":31394,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tanaka","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70027987,"text":"70027987 - 2005 - Hydratools, a MATLAB® based data processing package for Sontek Hydra data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-04T11:14:38","indexId":"70027987","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Hydratools, a MATLAB® based data processing package for Sontek Hydra data","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has developed a set of MATLAB tools to process and convert data collected by Sontek Hydra instruments to netCDF, which is a format used by the USGS to process and archive oceanographic time-series data. The USGS makes high-resolution current measurements within 1.5 meters of the bottom. These data are used in combination with other instrument data from sediment transport studies to develop sediment transport models. Instrument manufacturers provide software which outputs unique binary data formats. Multiple data formats are cumbersome. The USGS solution is to translate data streams into a common data format: netCDF. The Hydratools toolbox is written to create netCDF format files following EPIC conventions, complete with embedded metadata. Data are accepted from both the ADV and the PCADP. The toolbox will detect and remove bad data, substitute other sources of heading and tilt measurements if necessary, apply ambiguity corrections, calculate statistics, return information about data quality, and organize metadata. Standardized processing and archiving makes these data more easily and routinely accessible locally and over the Internet. In addition, documentation of the techniques used in the toolbox provides a baseline reference for others utilizing the data.

","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the IEEE Working Conference on Current Measurement Technology","conferenceTitle":"IEEE/OES Eight working Conference on Current Measurement Technology: Experimental, Practical and Operational Current and Wave Monitoring Systems and Applications","conferenceDate":"28 June 2005 through 29 June 2005","conferenceLocation":"Southhampton","language":"English","doi":"10.1109/CCM.2005.1506360","usgsCitation":"Martini, M., Lightsom, F.L., Sherwood, C.R., Xu, J., Lacy, J., Ramsey, A., and Horwitz, R., 2005, Hydratools, a MATLAB® based data processing package for Sontek Hydra data, in Proceedings of the IEEE Working Conference on Current Measurement Technology, Southhampton, 28 June 2005 through 29 June 2005, p. 147-151, https://doi.org/10.1109/CCM.2005.1506360.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"147","endPage":"151","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237115,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a32cbe4b0c8380cd5eaa7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martini, M.","contributorId":24909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martini","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lightsom, F. L.","contributorId":36610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lightsom","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sherwood, C. R.","contributorId":48235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherwood","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Xu, J.","contributorId":25324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lacy, J.R.","contributorId":68508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lacy","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ramsey, A.","contributorId":58077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsey","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Horwitz, R.","contributorId":60008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horwitz","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70028231,"text":"70028231 - 2005 - A simple and effective radiometric correction method to improve landscape change detection across sensors and across time","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-06T10:24:44","indexId":"70028231","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A simple and effective radiometric correction method to improve landscape change detection across sensors and across time","docAbstract":"

Satellite data offer unrivaled utility in monitoring and quantifying large scale land cover change over time. Radiometric consistency among collocated multi-temporal imagery is difficult to maintain, however, due to variations in sensor characteristics, atmospheric conditions, solar angle, and sensor view angle that can obscure surface change detection. To detect accurate landscape change using multi-temporal images, we developed a variation of the pseudoinvariant feature (PIF) normalization scheme: the temporally invariant cluster (TIC) method. Image data were acquired on June 9, 1990 (Landsat 4), June 20, 2000 (Landsat 7), and August 26, 2001 (Landsat 7) to analyze boreal forests near the Siberian city of Krasnoyarsk using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), enhanced vegetation index (EVI), and reduced simple ratio (RSR). The temporally invariant cluster (TIC) centers were identified via a point density map of collocated pixel VIs from the base image and the target image, and a normalization regression line was created to intersect all TIC centers. Target image VI values were then recalculated using the regression function so that these two images could be compared using the resulting common radiometric scale. We found that EVI was very indicative of vegetation structure because of its sensitivity to shadowing effects and could thus be used to separate conifer forests from deciduous forests and grass/crop lands. Conversely, because NDVI reduced the radiometric influence of shadow, it did not allow for distinctions among these vegetation types. After normalization, correlations of NDVI and EVI with forest leaf area index (LAI) field measurements combined for 2000 and 2001 were significantly improved; the r 2 values in these regressions rose from 0.49 to 0.69 and from 0.46 to 0.61, respectively. An EVI \"cancellation effect\" where EVI was positively related to understory greenness but negatively related to forest canopy coverage was evident across a post fire chronosequence with normalized data. These findings indicate that the TIC method provides a simple, effective and repeatable method to create radiometrically comparable data sets for remote detection of landscape change. Compared to some previous relative radiometric normalization methods, this new method does not require high level programming and statistical skills, yet remains sensitive to landscape changes occurring over seasonal and inter-annual time scales. In addition, the TIC method maintains sensitivity to subtle changes in vegetation phenology and enables normalization even when invariant features are rare. While this normalization method allowed detection of a range of land use, land cover, and phenological/biophysical changes in the Siberian boreal forest region studied here, it is necessary to further examine images representing a wide variety of ecoregions to thoroughly evaluate the TIC method against other normalization schemes. ?? 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Remote Sensing of Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2005.05.021","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Chen, X., Vierling, L., and Deering, D., 2005, A simple and effective radiometric correction method to improve landscape change detection across sensors and across time: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 98, no. 1, p. 63-79, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2005.05.021.","startPage":"63","endPage":"79","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237199,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210314,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2005.05.021"}],"volume":"98","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e58be4b0c8380cd46df4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chen, X.","contributorId":76527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"X.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vierling, Lee","contributorId":17022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vierling","given":"Lee","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Deering, D.","contributorId":69352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deering","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70027559,"text":"70027559 - 2005 - The watershed and river systems management program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:16","indexId":"70027559","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The watershed and river systems management program","docAbstract":"The Watershed and River System Management Program (WaRSMP), a joint effort between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation), is focused on research and development of decision support systems and their application to achieve an equitable balance among diverse water resource management demands. Considerations include: (1) legal and political constraints; (2) stake holder and consensus-building; (3) sound technical knowledge; (4) flood control, consumptive use, and hydropower; (5) water transfers; (6) irrigation return flows and water quality; (7) recreation; (8) habitat for endangered species; (9) water supply and proration; (10) near-surface groundwater; and (11) water ownership, accounting, and rights. To address the interdisciplinary and multi-stake holder needs of real-time watershed management, WaRSMP has developed a decision support system toolbox. The USGS Object User Interface facilitates the coupling of Reclamation's RiverWare reservoir operations model with the USGS Modular Modeling and Precipitation Runoff Modeling Systems through a central database. This integration is accomplished through the use of Model and Data Management Interfaces. WaRSMP applications include Colorado River Main stem and Gunnison Basin, the Yakima Basin, the Middle Rio Grande Basin, the Truckee-Carson Basin, and the Umatilla Basin.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 2005 Watershed Management Conference - Managing Watersheds for Human and Natural Impacts: Engineering, Ecological, and Economic Challenges","conferenceTitle":"2005 Watershed Management Conference - Managing Watersheds for Human and Natural Impacts: Engineering, Ecological, and Economic Challenges","conferenceDate":"19 July 2005 through 22 July 2005","conferenceLocation":"Williamsburg, VA","language":"English","isbn":"0784407630","usgsCitation":"Markstrom, S., Frevert, D., and Leavesley, G., 2005, The watershed and river systems management program, in Proceedings of the 2005 Watershed Management Conference - Managing Watersheds for Human and Natural Impacts: Engineering, Ecological, and Economic Challenges, Williamsburg, VA, 19 July 2005 through 22 July 2005.","startPage":"437","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238379,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb1d6e4b08c986b325442","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Moglen G.E.","contributorId":128404,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Moglen G.E.","id":536618,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Markstrom, S.L.","contributorId":76807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markstrom","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frevert, D.","contributorId":24162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frevert","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leavesley, G.H.","contributorId":93895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leavesley","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70027567,"text":"70027567 - 2005 - The detection and mapping of oil on a marshy area by a remote luminescent sensor","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:16","indexId":"70027567","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The detection and mapping of oil on a marshy area by a remote luminescent sensor","docAbstract":"Airborne remote sensing can be a cost-effective method for monitoring pollutants in large areas such as occur in oil spills. An opportunity to test a particular method arose when a well ruptured and for 23 days spewed a 90-meter fountain of oil into the air, dispersing the oil over a wide area. The method tested was an airborne luminescence detector with a Fraunhofer Line Discriminator (FLD) which was flown over the affected area 41 days after the well was capped to obtain a map or the deposition pattern. To calibrate the system, samples of Spartina (wire grass) and Phragmites (common reed) were collected from the contaminated area and the oil residues were eluted in cyclohexane and quantitatively analyzed in a fluorescence photometer. Good correlation was observed between the remote sensor (FLD) and the laboratory analysis. Isopleths defining the deposition pattern of oil were drawn from the remote sensing information. A discussion will be presented on the feasibility of using this instrument for similar contamination incidents for cleanup and damage assessment.","largerWorkTitle":"2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005","conferenceTitle":"2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005","conferenceDate":"15 May 2005 through 19 May 2005","conferenceLocation":"Miami Beach, FL","language":"English","usgsCitation":"McFarlane, C., and Watson, R.D., 2005, The detection and mapping of oil on a marshy area by a remote luminescent sensor, in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005, Miami Beach, FL, 15 May 2005 through 19 May 2005.","startPage":"1635","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238494,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baa93e4b08c986b3228b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McFarlane, C.","contributorId":36816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McFarlane","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Watson, R. D.","contributorId":96413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70027834,"text":"70027834 - 2005 - Yellowstone bison fetal development and phenology of parturition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-14T09:58:59","indexId":"70027834","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Yellowstone bison fetal development and phenology of parturition","docAbstract":"

Knowledge of Yellowstone bison (Bison bison) parturition patterns allows managers to refine risk assessments and manage to reduce the potential for transmission of brucellosis between bison and cattle. We used historical (1941) and contemporary (1989–2002) weights and morphometric measurements of Yellowstone bison fetuses to describe fetal growth and to predict timing and synchrony of parturition. Our method was supported by agreement between our predicted parturition pattern and observed birth dates for bison that were taken in to captivity while pregnant. The distribution of parturition dates in Yellowstone bison is generally right-skewed with a majority of births in April and May and few births in the following months. Predicted timing of parturition was consistently earlier for bison of Yellowstone's northern herd than central herd. The predicted median parturition date for northern herd bison in the historical period was 3 to 12 days earlier than for 2 years in the contemporary period, respectively. Median predicted birth dates and birthing synchrony differed within herds and years in the contemporary period. For a single year of paired data, the predicted median birth date for northern herd bison was 14 days earlier than for central herd bison. This difference is coincident with an earlier onset of spring plant growth on the northern range. Our findings permit refinement of the timing of separation between Yellowstone bison and cattle intended to reduce the probability of transmission of brucellosis from bison to cattle.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Washington","doi":"10.2193/0022-541X(2005)69[1716:YBFDAP]2.0.CO;2","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Gogan, P., Podruzny, K., Olexa, E., Pac, H., and Frey, K., 2005, Yellowstone bison fetal development and phenology of parturition: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 69, no. 4, p. 1716-1730, https://doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2005)69[1716:YBFDAP]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1716","endPage":"1730","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238110,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210987,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2005)69[1716:YBFDAP]2.0.CO;2"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.346435546875,\n 44.11716972942086\n ],\n [\n -111.346435546875,\n 45.222677199620094\n ],\n [\n -109.79736328125,\n 45.222677199620094\n ],\n [\n -109.79736328125,\n 44.11716972942086\n ],\n [\n -111.346435546875,\n 44.11716972942086\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"69","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd218e4b08c986b32f649","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gogan, P.J.P.","contributorId":53337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gogan","given":"P.J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Podruzny, K.M.","contributorId":54154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Podruzny","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Olexa, E.M.","contributorId":108063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olexa","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pac, H.I.","contributorId":98102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pac","given":"H.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Frey, K.L.","contributorId":95014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frey","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70027698,"text":"70027698 - 2005 - Workgroup report: Drinking-water nitrate and health - Recent findings and research needs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:49","indexId":"70027698","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1542,"text":"Environmental Health Perspectives","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Workgroup report: Drinking-water nitrate and health - Recent findings and research needs","docAbstract":"Human alteration of the nitrogen cycle has resulted in steadily accumulating nitrate in our water resources. The U.S. maximum contaminant level and World Health Organization guidelines for nitrate in drinking water were promulgated to protect infants from developing methemoglobinemia, an acute condition. Some scientists have recently suggested that the regulatory limit for nitrate is overly conservative; however, they have not thoroughly considered chronic health outcomes. In August 2004, a symposium on drinking-water nitrate and health was held at the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology meeting to evaluate nitrate exposures and associated health effects in relation to the current regulatory limit. The contribution of drinking-water nitrate toward endogenous formation of N-nitroso compounds was evaluated with a focus toward identifying subpopulations with increased rates of nitrosation. Adverse health effects may be the result of a complex interaction of the amount of nitrate ingested, the concomitant ingestion of nitrosation cofactors and precursors, and specific medical conditions that increase nitrosation. Workshop participants concluded that more experimental studies are needed and that a particularly fruitful approach may be to conduct epidemiologic studies among susceptible subgroups with increased endogenous nitrosation. The few epidemiologic studies that have evaluated intake of nitrosation precursors and/or nitrosation inhibitors have observed elevated risks for colon cancer and neural tube defects associated with drinking-water nitrate concentrations below the regulatory limit. The role of drinking-water nitrate exposure as a risk factor for specific cancers, reproductive outcomes, and other chronic health effects must be studied more thoroughly before changes to the regulatory level for nitrate in drinking water can be considered.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Health Perspectives","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1289/ehp.8043","issn":"00916765","usgsCitation":"Ward, M., deKok, T., Levallois, P., Brender, J., Gulis, G., Nolan, B.T., and VanDerslice, J., 2005, Workgroup report: Drinking-water nitrate and health - Recent findings and research needs: Environmental Health Perspectives, v. 113, no. 11, p. 1607-1614, https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.8043.","startPage":"1607","endPage":"1614","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477960,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.8043","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":211093,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.8043"},{"id":238276,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd1bae4b08c986b32f56f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ward, M.H.","contributorId":35939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"M.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"deKok, T.M.","contributorId":31567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"deKok","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Levallois, P.","contributorId":15818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Levallois","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brender, J.","contributorId":38773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brender","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gulis, G.","contributorId":96080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gulis","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nolan, B. T.","contributorId":21565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nolan","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":414787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"VanDerslice, J.","contributorId":80483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanDerslice","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":81474,"text":"81474 - 2005 - Lake Michigan wetlands: classification, concerns, and management opportunities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:01","indexId":"81474","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Lake Michigan wetlands: classification, concerns, and management opportunities","docAbstract":"The wetlands that border Lake Michigan are an extremely important component of the lake ecosystem. In this paper, I will review the status of wetland classifications used for Lake Michigan and the other Great Lakes, as well as the major management concerns and opportunities presented by Lake Michigan wetlands.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"State of Lake Michigan: Ecology, Health, and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Aquatic Ecosystem Health and Management Society","publisherLocation":"New Delhi","isbn":"817898458X","usgsCitation":"Wilcox, D.A., 2005, Lake Michigan wetlands: classification, concerns, and management opportunities, chap. of State of Lake Michigan: Ecology, Health, and Management, p. 421-437.","productDescription":"p. 421-437","startPage":"421","endPage":"437","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128024,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4822e4b07f02db4e1ff0","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Edsall, T.","contributorId":8792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edsall","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504157,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Munawar, M.","contributorId":79835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munawar","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504158,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Wilcox, Douglas A.","contributorId":36880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilcox","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70027816,"text":"70027816 - 2005 - Digital elevation model of King Edward VII Peninsula, West Antarctica, from SAR interferometry and ICESat laser altimetry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T13:58:26","indexId":"70027816","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1940,"text":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Digital elevation model of King Edward VII Peninsula, West Antarctica, from SAR interferometry and ICESat laser altimetry","docAbstract":"

We present a digital elevation model (DEM) of King Edward VII Peninsula, Sulzberger Bay, West Antarctica, developed using 12 European Remote Sensing (ERS) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) scenes and 24 Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) laser altimetry profiles. We employ differential interferograms from the ERS tandem mission SAR scenes acquired in the austral fall of 1996, and four selected ICESat laser altimetry profiles acquired in the austral fall of 2004, as ground control points (GCPs) to construct an improved geocentric 60-m resolution DEM over the grounded ice region. We then extend the DEM to include two ice shelves using ICESat profiles via Kriging. Twenty additional ICESat profiles acquired in 2003-2004 are used to assess the accuracy of the DEM. After accounting for radar penetration depth and predicted surface changes, including effects due to ice mass balance, solid Earth tides, and glacial isostatic adjustment, in part to account for the eight-year data acquisition discrepancy, the resulting difference between the DEM and ICESat profiles is -0.57 ?? 5.88 m. After removing the discrepancy between the DEM and ICESat profiles for a final combined DEM using a bicubic spline, the overall difference is 0.05 ?? 1.35 m. ?? 2005 IEEE.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1109/LGRS.2005.853623","issn":"1545598X","usgsCitation":"Baek, S., Kwoun, O., Braun, A., Lu, Z., and Shum, C., 2005, Digital elevation model of King Edward VII Peninsula, West Antarctica, from SAR interferometry and ICESat laser altimetry: IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, v. 2, no. 4, p. 413-417, https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2005.853623.","startPage":"413","endPage":"417","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238358,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211149,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2005.853623"}],"otherGeospatial":"King Edward VII Peninsula, Antarctica","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -209.53125,\n -79.23718500609334\n ],\n [\n -209.53125,\n -66.65297740055277\n ],\n [\n -98.61328125,\n -66.65297740055277\n ],\n [\n -98.61328125,\n -79.23718500609334\n ],\n [\n -209.53125,\n -79.23718500609334\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a014ee4b0c8380cd4fb76","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baek, S.","contributorId":39557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baek","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kwoun, Oh-Ig","contributorId":41945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kwoun","given":"Oh-Ig","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Braun, Andreas","contributorId":80877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Braun","given":"Andreas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lu, Z.","contributorId":106241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shum, C. K.","contributorId":85373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shum","given":"C. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70027817,"text":"70027817 - 2005 - Foraging ecology of Caspian Terns in the Columbia River Estuary, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-06T15:10:02.665936","indexId":"70027817","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Foraging ecology of Caspian Terns in the Columbia River Estuary, USA","docAbstract":"

Comparisons were made of the foraging ecology of Caspian Terns (Sterna caspia) nesting on two islands in the Columbia River estuary using radio telemetry and observations of prey fed to chicks and mates at each colony. Early in the chick-rearing period, radio-tagged terns nesting at Rice Island (river km 34) foraged mostly in the freshwater zone of the estuary close to the colony, while terns nesting on East Sand Island (river km 8) foraged in the marine or estuarine mixing zones close to that colony. Late in the chick-rearing period, Rice Island terns moved more of their foraging to the two zones lower in the estuary, while East Sand Island terns continued to forage in these areas. Tern diets at each colony corresponded to the primary foraging zone (freshwater vs. marine/mixing) of radio-tagged individuals: Early in chick-rearing, Rice Island terns relied heavily on juvenile salmonids (Oncorhynchus spp., 71% of identified prey), but this declined late in chick-rearing (46%). East Sand Island terns relied less on salmonids (42% and 16%, early and late in chick-rearing), and instead utilized marine fishes such as Anchovy (Engraulis mordax) and Herring (Clupea pallasi). Throughout chick-rearing, Rice Island terns foraged farther from their colony (median distance: 12.3 km during early chick-rearing and 16.9 km during late chick-rearing) than did East Sand Island terns (9.6 and 7.7 km, respectively). The study leads to the conclusion that Caspian Terns are generalist foragers and make use of the most proximate available forage fish resources when raising young.

","language":"English","publisher":"The Waterbird Society","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695(2005)028[0280:FEOCTI]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Lyons, D., Roby, D.D., and Collis, K., 2005, Foraging ecology of Caspian Terns in the Columbia River Estuary, USA: Waterbirds, v. 28, no. 3, p. 280-291, https://doi.org/10.1675/1524-4695(2005)028[0280:FEOCTI]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"280","endPage":"291","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238397,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.15649414062499,\n 45.9587876403564\n ],\n [\n -123.134765625,\n 45.9587876403564\n ],\n [\n -123.134765625,\n 46.581518465658014\n ],\n [\n -124.15649414062499,\n 46.581518465658014\n ],\n [\n -124.15649414062499,\n 45.9587876403564\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a12fbe4b0c8380cd5448e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lyons, Donald E.","contributorId":20119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"Donald E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roby, Daniel D. 0000-0001-9844-0992 droby@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9844-0992","contributorId":3702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roby","given":"Daniel","email":"droby@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":415350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collis, Ken","contributorId":149991,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collis","given":"Ken","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17879,"text":"Real Time Research, Inc., 231 SW Scalehouse Loop, Suite 101, Bend, OR 97702","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":415351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70027656,"text":"70027656 - 2005 - Reproduction and mating behavior of the atlantic flyingfish, Cheilopogon melanurus (Exocoetidae), off North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-26T15:37:36","indexId":"70027656","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1106,"text":"Bulletin of Marine Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reproduction and mating behavior of the atlantic flyingfish, Cheilopogon melanurus (Exocoetidae), off North Carolina","docAbstract":"

The reproductive biology of Cheilopogon melanurus (Valenciennes, 1847) was examined off North Carolina during the summers of 1991–1992 and 1999–2003. Specimens were collected using a small mesh neuston net and dip nets. A spawning event, the first observation of mating behavior for this species, was recorded off Cape Fear, North Carolina, on 19 August 2003. It was considered to be a spawning event due to: 1) unusual coloration of both sexes, 2) unusual swimming behavior of both sexes, and 3) ready release of gametes by both sexes upon capture. The spawning event occurred in the presence of small clumps of floating Sargassum, but the fish did not appear to use the algae. Over all collections, female gonadosomatic indices were highest in June and July, but mature females were collected each month (June, July, and August). The overall female to male sex ratio did not vary significantly from 1:1. Number of ova increased with increasing fish size, but the relationship was not strong. Our data indicate a spawning season of at least June through August off North Carolina due to high female gonadosomatic indices, large egg diameters, presence of egg filaments, presence of spent females in July and August, and presence of small juveniles (≤ 25 mm) in July and August. This is the first report of single pair spawning for this family; other species reportedly spawn in large aggregations.

","language":"English","publisher":"APT Online Publ.","issn":"00074977","usgsCitation":"Casazza, T.L., Ross, S., Necaise, A.M., and Sulak, K.J., 2005, Reproduction and mating behavior of the atlantic flyingfish, Cheilopogon melanurus (Exocoetidae), off North Carolina: Bulletin of Marine Science, v. 77, no. 3, p. 363-375.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"363","endPage":"375","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238203,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":340479,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/umrsmas/bullmar/2005/00000077/00000003/art00003"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.882568359375,\n 35.55904339525896\n ],\n [\n -76.17370605468749,\n 35.357696204467516\n ],\n [\n -76.5802001953125,\n 35.12889434101051\n ],\n [\n -76.83837890625,\n 34.76417891445512\n ],\n [\n -76.761474609375,\n 34.52013562807766\n ],\n [\n -76.5252685546875,\n 34.4069096565206\n ],\n [\n -76.2945556640625,\n 34.511083202999714\n ],\n [\n -75.6683349609375,\n 34.7506398050501\n ],\n [\n -75.1959228515625,\n 35.232159412017154\n ],\n [\n -75.21240234375,\n 35.38457160381764\n ],\n [\n -75.3717041015625,\n 35.50092819950358\n ],\n [\n -75.5804443359375,\n 35.6126508187567\n ],\n [\n -75.69580078125,\n 35.61711648382185\n ],\n [\n -75.882568359375,\n 35.55904339525896\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"77","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa892e4b0c8380cd859a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Casazza, Tara L.","contributorId":68453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Tara","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ross, Steve W.","contributorId":41134,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ross","given":"Steve W.","affiliations":[{"id":32398,"text":"University of North Carolina Wilmington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":414597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Necaise, Ann Marie","contributorId":28062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Necaise","given":"Ann","email":"","middleInitial":"Marie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sulak, Kenneth J. 0000-0002-4795-9310 ksulak@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4795-9310","contributorId":2217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sulak","given":"Kenneth","email":"ksulak@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":414596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70028237,"text":"70028237 - 2005 - Estimating changes in heat energy stored within a column of wetland surface water and factors controlling their importance in the surface energy budget","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-30T11:12:46","indexId":"70028237","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating changes in heat energy stored within a column of wetland surface water and factors controlling their importance in the surface energy budget","docAbstract":"

Changes in heat energy stored within a column of wetland surface water can be a considerable component of the surface energy budget, an attribute that is demonstrated by comparing changes in stored heat energy to net radiation at seven sites in the wetland areas of southern Florida, including the Everglades. The magnitude of changes in stored heat energy approached the magnitude of net radiation more often during the winter dry season than during the summer wet season. Furthermore, the magnitude of changes in stored heat energy in wetland surface water generally decreased as surface energy budgets were upscaled temporally. A new method was developed to estimate changes in stored heat energy that overcomes an important data limitation, namely, the limited spatial and temporal availability of water temperature measurements. The new method is instead based on readily available air temperature measurements and relies on the convolution of air temperature changes with a regression‐defined transfer function to estimate changes in water temperature. The convolution‐computed water temperature changes are used with water depths and heat capacity to estimate changes in stored heat energy within the Everglades wetland areas. These results likely can be adapted to other humid subtropical wetlands characterized by open water, saw grass, and rush vegetation type communities.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2005WR004037","usgsCitation":"Shoemaker, W., Sumner, D.M., and Castillo, A., 2005, Estimating changes in heat energy stored within a column of wetland surface water and factors controlling their importance in the surface energy budget: Water Resources Research, v. 41, no. 10, Article W10411; 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2005WR004037.","productDescription":"Article W10411; 18 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237270,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-10-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b11e4b0c8380cd52553","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shoemaker, W. Barclay bshoemak@usgs.gov","contributorId":1495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shoemaker","given":"W. Barclay","email":"bshoemak@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":156,"text":"Caribbean Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":417179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sumner, David M. 0000-0002-2144-9304 dmsumner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2144-9304","contributorId":1362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sumner","given":"David","email":"dmsumner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":156,"text":"Caribbean Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":270,"text":"FLWSC-Tampa","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":417180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Castillo, Adrian","contributorId":81931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Castillo","given":"Adrian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70027866,"text":"70027866 - 2005 - Soil organic carbon dynamics as related to land use history in the northwestern Great Plains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-11T09:52:13","indexId":"70027866","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1836,"text":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Soil organic carbon dynamics as related to land use history in the northwestern Great Plains","docAbstract":"

Strategies for mitigating the global greenhouse effect must account for soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics at both spatial and temporal scales, which is usually challenging owing to limitations in data and approach. This study was conducted to characterize the SOC dynamics associated with land use change history in the northwestern Great Plains ecoregion. A sampling framework (40 sample blocks of 10 × 10 km2 randomly located in the ecoregion) and the General Ensemble Biogeochemical Modeling System (GEMS) were used to quantify the spatial and temporal variability in the SOC stock from 1972 to 2001. Results indicate that C source and sink areas coexisted within the ecoregion, and the SOC stock in the upper 20-cm depth increased by 3.93 Mg ha−1 over the 29 years. About 17.5% of the area was evaluated as a C source at 122 kg C ha−1 yr−1. The spatial variability of SOC stock was attributed to the dynamics of both slow and passive fractions, while the temporal variation depended on the slow fraction only. The SOC change at the block scale was positively related to either grassland proportion or negatively related to cropland proportion. We concluded that the slow C pool determined whether soils behaved as sources or sinks of atmospheric CO2, but the strength depended on antecedent SOC contents, land cover type, and land use change history in the ecoregion.

","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2005GB002536","issn":"08866236","usgsCitation":"Tan, Z., Liu, S., Johnston, C., Loveland, T., Tieszen, L., Liu, J., and Kurtz, R., 2005, Soil organic carbon dynamics as related to land use history in the northwestern Great Plains: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, v. 19, no. 3, p. 1-10, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GB002536.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"10","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477932,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2005gb002536","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":210989,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005GB002536"},{"id":238112,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9211e4b08c986b319c98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tan, Z.","contributorId":60831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tan","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, S.","contributorId":93170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnston, C.A.","contributorId":42175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Loveland, Thomas R. 0000-0003-3114-6646","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":106125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas R.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":415604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tieszen, L.L.","contributorId":24046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tieszen","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Liu, J.","contributorId":23672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kurtz, R.","contributorId":29203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurtz","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70027655,"text":"70027655 - 2005 - Coseismic slip distribution of the 1923 Kanto earthquake, Japan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:48","indexId":"70027655","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coseismic slip distribution of the 1923 Kanto earthquake, Japan","docAbstract":"The slip distribution associated with the 1923 M = 7.9 Kanto, Japan, earthquake is reexamined in light of new data and modeling. We utilize a combination of first-order triangulation, second-order triangulation, and leveling data in order to constrain the coseismic deformation. The second-order triangulation data, which have not been utilized in previous studies of 1923 coseismic deformation, are associated with only slightly smaller errors than the first-order triangulation data and expand the available triangulation data set by about a factor of 10. Interpretation of these data in terms of uniform-slip models in a companion study by Nyst et al. shows that a model involving uniform coseismic slip on two distinct rupture planes explains the data very well and matches or exceeds the fit obtained by previous studies, even one which involved distributed slip. Using the geometry of the Nyst et al. two-plane slip model, we perform inversions of the same geodetic data set for distributed slip. Our preferred model of distributed slip on the Philippine Sea plate interface has a moment magnitude of 7.86. We find slip maxima of ???8-9 m beneath Odawara and ???7-8 m beneath the Miura peninsula, with a roughly 2:1 ratio of strike-slip to dip-slip motion, in agreement with a previous study. However, the Miura slip maximum is imaged as a more broadly extended feature in our study, with the high-slip region continuing from the Miura peninsula to the southern Boso peninsula region. The second-order triangulation data provide good evidence for ???3 m right-lateral strike slip on a 35-km-long splay structure occupying the volume between the upper surface of the descending Philippine Sea plate and the southern Boso peninsula. Copyright 2005 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2005JB003638","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Pollitz, F., Nyst, M., Nishimura, T., and Thatcher, W., 2005, Coseismic slip distribution of the 1923 Kanto earthquake, Japan: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 110, no. 11, p. 1-16, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JB003638.","startPage":"1","endPage":"16","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211047,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005JB003638"},{"id":238202,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"110","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-11-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fc5ce4b0c8380cd4e246","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pollitz, F. F.","contributorId":108280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollitz","given":"F. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nyst, M.","contributorId":66453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nyst","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nishimura, T.","contributorId":94834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nishimura","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thatcher, W.","contributorId":32669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thatcher","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70027867,"text":"70027867 - 2005 - The Pinto shear zone; a Laramide synconvergent extensional shear zone in the Mojave Desert region of the southwestern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:45","indexId":"70027867","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2468,"text":"Journal of Structural Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Pinto shear zone; a Laramide synconvergent extensional shear zone in the Mojave Desert region of the southwestern United States","docAbstract":"The Pinto shear zone is one of several Late Cretaceous shear zones within the eastern fringe of the Mesozoic magmatic arc of the southwest Cordilleran orogen that developed synchronous with continued plate convergence and backarc shortening. We demonstrate an extensional origin for the shear zone by describing the shear-zone geometry and kinematics, hanging wall deformation style, progressive changes in deformation temperature, and differences in hanging wall and footwall thermal histories. Deformation is constrained between ???74 and 68 Ma by 40Ar/39Ar thermochronology of the exhumed footwall, including multi-diffusion domain modeling of K-feldspar. We discount the interpretations, applied in other areas of the Mojave Desert region, that widespread Late Cretaceous cooling results from refrigeration due to subduction of a shallowly dipping Laramide slab or to erosional denudation, and suggest alternatively that post-intrusion cooling and exhumation by extensional structures are recorded. Widespread crustal melting and magmatism followed by extension and cooling in the Late Cretaceous are most consistent with production of a low-viscosity lower crust during anatexis and/or delamination of mantle lithosphere at the onset of Laramide shallow subduction. ?? 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Structural Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jsg.2005.03.005","issn":"01918141","usgsCitation":"Wells, M., Beyene, M., Spell, T., Kula, J., Miller, D., and Zanetti, K., 2005, The Pinto shear zone; a Laramide synconvergent extensional shear zone in the Mojave Desert region of the southwestern United States: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 27, no. 9, p. 1697-1720, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2005.03.005.","startPage":"1697","endPage":"1720","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211012,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2005.03.005"},{"id":238147,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba888e4b08c986b321cbe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wells, M.L.","contributorId":6655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beyene, M.A.","contributorId":33520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beyene","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spell, T.L.","contributorId":43968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spell","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kula, J.L.","contributorId":95674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kula","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Miller, D. M. 0000-0003-3711-0441","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3711-0441","contributorId":104422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"D. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zanetti, K.A.","contributorId":46757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zanetti","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":87283,"text":"87283 - 2005 - Linear models: permutation methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-19T16:43:19","indexId":"87283","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Linear models: permutation methods","docAbstract":"Permutation tests (see Permutation Based Inference) for the linear model have applications in behavioral studies when traditional parametric assumptions about the error term in a linear model are not tenable. Improved validity of Type I error rates can be achieved with properly constructed permutation tests. Perhaps more importantly, increased statistical power, improved robustness to effects of outliers, and detection of alternative distributional differences can be achieved by coupling permutation inference with alternative linear model estimators. For example, it is well-known that estimates of the mean in linear model are extremely sensitive to even a single outlying value of the dependent variable compared to estimates of the median [7, 19]. Traditionally, linear modeling focused on estimating changes in the center of distributions (means or medians). However, quantile regression allows distributional changes to be estimated in all or any selected part of a distribution or responses, providing a more complete statistical picture that has relevance to many biological questions [6]...","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of statistics in behavioral science, volume 2","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","publisherLocation":"Chichester, West Sussex, UK","doi":"10.1002/0470013192.bsa479","collaboration":"Publication Online","usgsCitation":"Cade, B., 2005, Linear models: permutation methods, chap. of Encyclopedia of statistics in behavioral science, volume 2, v. 2, p. 1,049-1,054, https://doi.org/10.1002/0470013192.bsa479.","productDescription":"p. 1049-1054","startPage":"1,049","endPage":"1,054","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267797,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470013192.bsa479"},{"id":127722,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-10-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b14e4b07f02db6a47d6","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Everitt, B.S.","contributorId":112112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Everitt","given":"B.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504911,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Howell, D.C.","contributorId":112743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howell","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504912,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Cade, B.S.","contributorId":47315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cade","given":"B.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":297579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":87279,"text":"87279 - 2005 - High elevation ecosystem responses to atmospheric deposition of nitrogen in the Colorado Rocky Mountains, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T16:17:21","indexId":"87279","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"High elevation ecosystem responses to atmospheric deposition of nitrogen in the Colorado Rocky Mountains, USA","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global change and mountain regions: an overview of current knowledge. 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