{"pageNumber":"2591","pageRowStart":"64750","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70027419,"text":"70027419 - 2005 - Prey selection by trout in a spring-fed stream: Terrestrial versus aquatic invertebrates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-24T13:41:36.822159","indexId":"70027419","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2299,"text":"Journal of Freshwater Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prey selection by trout in a spring-fed stream: Terrestrial versus aquatic invertebrates","docAbstract":"<p><span>We evaluated the prey sources that contributed to the diets of brown trout (</span><i>Salmo trutta</i><span>) and rainbow trout (</span><i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i><span>) in Valley Creek, Minnesota during the summer of 2003. We collected drift before dawn and in the afternoon on five dates in June, July, and August 2003 in three sequential riffles. Immediately following drift sampling, we collected brown and rainbow trout, 13–20 cm in length, in pools immediately below the riffles where drift was collected. Terrestrial invertebrates numerically comprised about 3% of the drift across times and dates but made up approximately 10% by number of the overall diet of brown and rainbow trout. Trout were size-selective, preferring larger invertebrates by both length (7.0–12.9 mm) and biomass.&nbsp;</span><i>Gammarus pseudolimnaeus</i><span>&nbsp;made up about 75% of the diet of brown trout and about 60% of the diet of rainbow trout based on biomass. Diet overlap was &gt;60% for both trout in relation to total individuals, length, and biomass of invertebrate prey.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02705060.2005.9664796","usgsCitation":"Laudon, M.C., Vondracek, B., and Zimmerman, J.K., 2005, Prey selection by trout in a spring-fed stream: Terrestrial versus aquatic invertebrates: Journal of Freshwater Ecology, v. 20, no. 4, p. 723-733, https://doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2005.9664796.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"723","endPage":"733","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238483,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8b83e4b0c8380cd7e284","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Laudon, M. C.","contributorId":47973,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Laudon","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vondracek, Bruce","contributorId":30587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vondracek","given":"Bruce","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zimmerman, J. K. H.","contributorId":105898,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"K. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70027598,"text":"70027598 - 2005 - Assessing the potential for re-emission of mercury deposited in precipitation from arid soils using a stable isotope","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-31T09:34:36","indexId":"70027598","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the potential for re-emission of mercury deposited in precipitation from arid soils using a stable isotope","docAbstract":"<div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><div id=\"abstractBox\"><p class=\"articleBody_abstractText\">A solution containing<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>198</sup>Hg in the form of HgCl<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>was added to a 4 m<sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>area of desert soils in Nevada, and soil Hg fluxes were measured using three dynamic flux chambers. There was an immediate release of<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>198</sup>Hg after it was applied, and then emissions decreased exponentially. Within the first 6 h after the isotope was added to the soil, ∼12 ng m<sup>-</sup><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>of<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>198</sup>Hg was emitted to the atmosphere, followed by a relatively steady flux of the isotope at 0.2 ± 0.2 ng m<sup>-</sup><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>h<sup>-</sup><sup>1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>for the remainder of the experiment (62 days). Over this time, ∼200 ng m<sup>-</sup><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>or 2% of the<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>198</sup>Hg isotope was emitted from the soil, and we estimate that ∼6% of the isotope would be re-emitted in a year's time. During the experiment, dry deposition of elemental Hg from the atmosphere was measured with an average deposition rate of 0.2 ± 0.1 ng m<sup>-</sup><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>h<sup>-</sup><sup>1</sup>. Emission of ambient Hg from the soil was observed after soil wetting with the isotope solution and after a storm event. However, the added moisture from the storm event did not affect<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>198</sup>Hg flux. Results suggest that in this desert environment, where there is limited precipitation, Hg deposited by wet processes is not readily re-emitted and that dry deposition of elemental Hg may be an important process.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es0505651","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Ericksen, J., Gustin, M., Lindberg, S., Olund, S., and Krabbenhoft, D., 2005, Assessing the potential for re-emission of mercury deposited in precipitation from arid soils using a stable isotope: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 39, no. 20, p. 8001-8007, https://doi.org/10.1021/es0505651.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"8001","endPage":"8007","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238381,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211167,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0505651"}],"volume":"39","issue":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-09-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059edeee4b0c8380cd49afd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ericksen, J.A.","contributorId":28064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ericksen","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gustin, M.S.","contributorId":101837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gustin","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lindberg, S.E.","contributorId":87354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindberg","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Olund, S.D.","contributorId":67719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olund","given":"S.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, D. P. 0000-0003-1964-5020","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":90765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"D. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70027616,"text":"70027616 - 2005 - Environment of ore deposition in the Creede mining district, San Juan Mountains, Colorado: Part VI. Maximum duration for mineralization of the OH vein","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:48","indexId":"70027616","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environment of ore deposition in the Creede mining district, San Juan Mountains, Colorado: Part VI. Maximum duration for mineralization of the OH vein","docAbstract":"The rate at which ore deposits form is one of the least well established parameters in all of economic geology. However, increased detail in sampling, improved technology of dating, and sophistication in modeling are reducing the uncertainties and establishing that ore formation, at least for the porphyry copper-skarn-epithermal base and precious metals deposit package, may take place in surprisingly brief intervals. This contribution applies another approach to examine the duration of mineralization. The degree to which compositional gradients within single crystals has flattened through solid-state diffusion offers a measure of the thermal dose (that is temperature combined with time) that the crystals have been subjected to since deposition. Here we examine the steepness of gradients in iron content within individual single sphalerite crystals from the epithermal silver-lead-zinc deposit in the OH vein at Creede, Colorado. Two initial textures are considered: growth-banded crystals and compositionally contrasting overgrowths that succeed crosscutting dissolution or fractured surfaces. The model used estimates the maximum possible time by assuming a perfectly sharp original compositional step, and it asks how long it would take at a known temperature for the gradient measured today to have formed. Applying the experimentally determined diffusion rates of Mizuta (1988a) to compositional gradients (ranging from 0.4-2.2 mol % FeS/??m) measured by the electron microprobe in 2-??m steps on banded sphalerite formed early in the paragenetic history yields a maximum duration of less than ???10,000 yr. Sphalerite from a solution unconformity in a position midway through the paragenetic sequence is indistinguishable from instantaneous deposition, supporting the conclusion of rapid ore formation. While this formation interval seems very brief, it is consistent with less well constrained estimates using entirely different criteria. ?? 2005 Society of Economic Geologists, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Economic Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2113/100.7.1313","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Campbell, W.R., and Barton, P., 2005, Environment of ore deposition in the Creede mining district, San Juan Mountains, Colorado: Part VI. Maximum duration for mineralization of the OH vein: Economic Geology, v. 100, no. 7, p. 1313-1324, https://doi.org/10.2113/100.7.1313.","startPage":"1313","endPage":"1324","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238095,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210976,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2113/100.7.1313"}],"volume":"100","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a098be4b0c8380cd51f72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, W. R.","contributorId":20775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barton, P.B.","contributorId":78751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barton","given":"P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70027445,"text":"70027445 - 2005 - Application and evaluation of a stomach flushing technique for alligators","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:46","indexId":"70027445","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1898,"text":"Herpetological Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Application and evaluation of a stomach flushing technique for alligators","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetological Review","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"0018084X","usgsCitation":"Rice, A., Ross, J., Finger, A., and Owen, R., 2005, Application and evaluation of a stomach flushing technique for alligators: Herpetological Review, v. 36, no. 4, p. 400-401.","startPage":"400","endPage":"401","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238295,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ec83e4b0c8380cd492f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rice, A.N.","contributorId":41638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"A.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ross, J.P.","contributorId":37519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Finger, A.G.","contributorId":90929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finger","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Owen, R.","contributorId":90669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Owen","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":81603,"text":"81603 - 2005 - Trematode parasites as estuarine indicators: opportunities, applications and comparisons with conventional community approaches,","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:01","indexId":"81603","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Trematode parasites as estuarine indicators: opportunities, applications and comparisons with conventional community approaches,","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Estuarine Indicators","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press","publisherLocation":"Boca Raton, FL","usgsCitation":"Huspeni, T., Hechinger, R.F., and Lafferty, K.D., 2005, Trematode parasites as estuarine indicators: opportunities, applications and comparisons with conventional community approaches,, chap. <i>of</i> Estuarine Indicators, p. 297-314.","productDescription":"p. 297-314","startPage":"297","endPage":"314","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127997,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ce4b07f02db6268bd","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Bortone, S.A.","contributorId":73028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bortone","given":"S.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504371,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Huspeni, T.C.","contributorId":58968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huspeni","given":"T.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hechinger, R. F.","contributorId":83864,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hechinger","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lafferty, K. D.","contributorId":58213,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lafferty","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":81596,"text":"81596 - 2005 - Pacific treefrog, Pseudacris regilla Baird and Girard","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:01","indexId":"81596","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Pacific treefrog, Pseudacris regilla Baird and Girard","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Amphibians of the Pacific Northwest","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Fellers, G.M., 2005, Pacific treefrog, Pseudacris regilla Baird and Girard, chap. <i>of</i> Amphibians of the Pacific Northwest, p. 174-177.","productDescription":"p. 174-177","startPage":"174","endPage":"177","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127899,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db689dd7","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Jones, Laurence L. C.","contributorId":111491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Laurence","email":"","middleInitial":"L. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504355,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leonard, William P.","contributorId":112010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leonard","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504356,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Olson, Deanna H.","contributorId":114032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"Deanna","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504357,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Fellers, Gary M. 0000-0003-4092-0285 gary_fellers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4092-0285","contributorId":3150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fellers","given":"Gary","email":"gary_fellers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":295717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70027339,"text":"70027339 - 2005 - Regional landslide-hazard assessment for Seattle, Washington, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:27","indexId":"70027339","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2604,"text":"Landslides","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional landslide-hazard assessment for Seattle, Washington, USA","docAbstract":"Landslides are a widespread, frequent, and costly hazard in Seattle and the Puget Sound area of Washington State, USA. Shallow earth slides triggered by heavy rainfall are the most common type of landslide in the area; many transform into debris flows and cause significant property damage or disrupt transportation. Large rotational and translational slides, though less common, also cause serious property damage. The hundreds of landslides that occurred during the winters of 1995-96 and 1996-97 stimulated renewed interest by Puget Sound communities in identifying landslide-prone areas and taking actions to reduce future landslide losses. Informal partnerships between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the City of Seattle, and private consultants are focusing on the problem of identifying and mapping areas of landslide hazard as well as characterizing temporal aspects of the hazard. We have developed GIS-based methods to map the probability of landslide occurrence as well as empirical rainfall thresholds and physically based methods to forecast times of landslide occurrence. Our methods for mapping landslide hazard zones began with field studies and physically based models to assess relative slope stability, including the effects of material properties, seasonal groundwater levels, and rainfall infiltration. We have analyzed the correlation between historic landslide occurrence and relative slope stability to map the degree of landslide hazard. The City of Seattle is using results of the USGS studies in storm preparedness planning for emergency access and response, planning for development or redevelopment of hillsides, and municipal facility planning and prioritization. Methods we have developed could be applied elsewhere to suit local needs and available data.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Landslides","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10346-005-0023-y","issn":"1612510X","usgsCitation":"Baum, R., Coe, J.A., Godt, J., Harp, E.L., Reid, M., Savage, W.Z., Schulz, W., Brien, D., Chleborad, A., McKenna, J., and Michael, J.A., 2005, Regional landslide-hazard assessment for Seattle, Washington, USA: Landslides, v. 2, no. 4, p. 266-279, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-005-0023-y.","startPage":"266","endPage":"279","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235569,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209279,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10346-005-0023-y"}],"volume":"2","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-11-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a536e4b0e8fec6cdbd87","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baum, R.L.","contributorId":68752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baum","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coe, J. A.","contributorId":8867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coe","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Godt, J. W.","contributorId":76732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godt","given":"J. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harp, E. L.","contributorId":59026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harp","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reid, M.E.","contributorId":108130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Savage, W. Z.","contributorId":106481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schulz, W.H.","contributorId":61225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Brien, D.L.","contributorId":43027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brien","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Chleborad, A.F.","contributorId":17990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chleborad","given":"A.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"McKenna, J.P.","contributorId":24543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenna","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Michael, J. A.","contributorId":48567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70028008,"text":"70028008 - 2005 - How well do the rosgen classification and associated \"natural channel design\" methods integrate and quantify fluvial processes and channel response?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:42","indexId":"70028008","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"How well do the rosgen classification and associated \"natural channel design\" methods integrate and quantify fluvial processes and channel response?","docAbstract":"Over the past 10 years the Rosgen classification system and its associated methods of \"natural channel design\" have become synonymous (to many without prior knowledge of the field) with the term \"stream restoration\" and the science of fluvial geomorphology. Since the mid 1990s, this classification approach has become widely, and perhaps dominantly adopted by governmental agencies, particularly those funding restoration projects. For example, in a request for proposals for the restoration of Trout Creek in Montana, the Natural Resources Conservation Service required \"experience in the use and application of a stream classification system and its implementation.\" Similarly, classification systems have been used in evaluation guides for riparian areas and U.S. Forest Service management plans. Most notably, many highly trained geomorphologists and hydraulic engineers are often held suspect, or even thought incorrect, if their approach does not include reference to or application of a classification system. This, combined with the para-professional training provided by some involved in \"natural channel design\" empower individuals and groups with limited backgrounds in stream and watershed sciences to engineer wholesale re-patterning of stream reaches using 50-year old technology that was never intended for engineering design. At Level I, the Rosgen classification system consists of eight or nine major stream types, based on hydraulic-geometry relations and four other measures of channel shape to distinguish the dimensions of alluvial stream channels as a function of the bankfull stage. Six classes of the particle size of the boundary sediments are used to further sub-divide each of the major stream types, resulting in 48 or 54 stream types. Aside from the difficulty in identifying bankfull stage, particularly in incising channels, and the issue of sampling from two distinct populations (beds and banks) to classify the boundary sediments, the classification provides a consistent and reproducible means for practitioners to describe channel morphology although difficulties have been encountered in lower-gradient stream systems. Use of the scheme to communicate between users or as a conceptual model, however, has not justified its use for engineering design or for predicting river behavior; its use for designing mitigation projects, therefore, seems beyond its technical scope. Copyright ASCE 2005.","largerWorkTitle":"World Water Congress 2005: Impacts of Global Climate Change - Proceedings of the 2005 World Water and Environmental Resources Congress","conferenceTitle":"2005 World Water and Environmental Resources Congress","conferenceDate":"15 May 2005 through 19 May 2005","conferenceLocation":"Anchorage, AK","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/40792(173)584","isbn":"0784407924; 9780784407929","usgsCitation":"Simon, A., Doyle, M., Kondolf, M., Shields, F., Rhoads, B., Grant, G., Fitzpatrick, F., Juracek, K., McPhillips, M., and MacBroom, J., 2005, How well do the rosgen classification and associated \"natural channel design\" methods integrate and quantify fluvial processes and channel response?, <i>in</i> World Water Congress 2005: Impacts of Global Climate Change - Proceedings of the 2005 World Water and Environmental Resources Congress, Anchorage, AK, 15 May 2005 through 19 May 2005, https://doi.org/10.1061/40792(173)584.","startPage":"584","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477739,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.488.6824","text":"External Repository"},{"id":210035,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40792(173)584"},{"id":236833,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a326de4b0c8380cd5e7c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simon, A.","contributorId":43501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simon","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doyle, M.","contributorId":51171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doyle","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kondolf, M.","contributorId":95846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kondolf","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shields, F.D. Jr.","contributorId":68184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shields","given":"F.D.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rhoads, B.","contributorId":99015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rhoads","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Grant, G.","contributorId":35966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grant","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fitzpatrick, F.","contributorId":86533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Juracek, K.","contributorId":19795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juracek","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"McPhillips, M.","contributorId":55824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McPhillips","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"MacBroom, J.","contributorId":93785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacBroom","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":81592,"text":"81592 - 2005 - Rana boylii Baird 1854, Foothill Yellow-legged Frog","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:01","indexId":"81592","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Rana boylii Baird 1854, Foothill Yellow-legged Frog","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Amphibian Declines: The Conservation Status of United States Species. Volume 2: Species Accounts.","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of California Press","publisherLocation":"Berkeley, CA","usgsCitation":"Fellers, G.M., 2005, Rana boylii Baird 1854, Foothill Yellow-legged Frog, chap. <i>of</i> Amphibian Declines: The Conservation Status of United States Species. Volume 2: Species Accounts., v. 2, p. 534-536.","productDescription":"p. 534-536","startPage":"534","endPage":"536","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127807,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649580","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Lannoo, Michael","contributorId":32823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lannoo","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504349,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Fellers, Gary M. 0000-0003-4092-0285 gary_fellers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4092-0285","contributorId":3150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fellers","given":"Gary","email":"gary_fellers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":295705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70027655,"text":"70027655 - 2005 - Coseismic slip distribution of the 1923 Kanto earthquake, Japan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:48","indexId":"70027655","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coseismic slip distribution of the 1923 Kanto earthquake, Japan","docAbstract":"The slip distribution associated with the 1923 M = 7.9 Kanto, Japan, earthquake is reexamined in light of new data and modeling. We utilize a combination of first-order triangulation, second-order triangulation, and leveling data in order to constrain the coseismic deformation. The second-order triangulation data, which have not been utilized in previous studies of 1923 coseismic deformation, are associated with only slightly smaller errors than the first-order triangulation data and expand the available triangulation data set by about a factor of 10. Interpretation of these data in terms of uniform-slip models in a companion study by Nyst et al. shows that a model involving uniform coseismic slip on two distinct rupture planes explains the data very well and matches or exceeds the fit obtained by previous studies, even one which involved distributed slip. Using the geometry of the Nyst et al. two-plane slip model, we perform inversions of the same geodetic data set for distributed slip. Our preferred model of distributed slip on the Philippine Sea plate interface has a moment magnitude of 7.86. We find slip maxima of ???8-9 m beneath Odawara and ???7-8 m beneath the Miura peninsula, with a roughly 2:1 ratio of strike-slip to dip-slip motion, in agreement with a previous study. However, the Miura slip maximum is imaged as a more broadly extended feature in our study, with the high-slip region continuing from the Miura peninsula to the southern Boso peninsula region. The second-order triangulation data provide good evidence for ???3 m right-lateral strike slip on a 35-km-long splay structure occupying the volume between the upper surface of the descending Philippine Sea plate and the southern Boso peninsula. Copyright 2005 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2005JB003638","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Pollitz, F., Nyst, M., Nishimura, T., and Thatcher, W., 2005, Coseismic slip distribution of the 1923 Kanto earthquake, Japan: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 110, no. 11, p. 1-16, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JB003638.","startPage":"1","endPage":"16","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211047,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005JB003638"},{"id":238202,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"110","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-11-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fc5ce4b0c8380cd4e246","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pollitz, F. F.","contributorId":108280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollitz","given":"F. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nyst, M.","contributorId":66453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nyst","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nishimura, T.","contributorId":94834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nishimura","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thatcher, W.","contributorId":32669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thatcher","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70027958,"text":"70027958 - 2005 - Sharpening advanced land imager multispectral data using a sensor model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:54","indexId":"70027958","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Sharpening advanced land imager multispectral data using a sensor model","docAbstract":"The Advanced Land Imager (ALI) instrument on NASA's Earth Observing One (EO-1) satellite provides for nine spectral bands at 30m ground sample distance (GSD) and a 10m GSD panchromatic band. This report describes an image sharpening technique where the higher spatial resolution information of the panchromatic band is used to increase the spatial resolution of ALI multispectral (MS) data. To preserve the spectral characteristics, this technique combines reported deconvolution deblurring methods for the MS data with highpass filter-based fusion methods for the Pan data. The deblurring process uses the point spread function (PSF) model of the ALI sensor. Information includes calculation of the PSF from pre-launch calibration data. Performance was evaluated using simulated ALI MS data generated by degrading the spatial resolution of high resolution IKONOS satellite MS data. A quantitative measure of performance was the error between sharpened MS data and high resolution reference. This report also compares performance with that of a reported method that includes PSF information. Preliminary results indicate improved sharpening with the method reported here.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering","conferenceTitle":"Visual Information Processing XIV","conferenceDate":"29 March 2005 through 30 March 2005","conferenceLocation":"Orlando, FL","language":"English","doi":"10.1117/12.604517","issn":"0277786X","usgsCitation":"Lemeshewsky, G., 2005, Sharpening advanced land imager multispectral data using a sensor model, <i>in</i> Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, v. 5817, Orlando, FL, 29 March 2005 through 30 March 2005, p. 336-346, https://doi.org/10.1117/12.604517.","startPage":"336","endPage":"346","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237216,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210330,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.604517"}],"volume":"5817","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8e51e4b08c986b31887c","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Rahman Z.Schowengerdt R.A.Reichenbach S.E.","contributorId":128448,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Rahman Z.Schowengerdt R.A.Reichenbach S.E.","id":536634,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Lemeshewsky, G.P.","contributorId":106927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lemeshewsky","given":"G.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":81591,"text":"81591 - 2005 - California giant salamander, Dicamptodon ensatus Eschscholtz","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:01","indexId":"81591","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"California giant salamander, Dicamptodon ensatus Eschscholtz","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Amphibians of the Pacific Northwest","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Fellers, G.M., and Kuchta, S.R., 2005, California giant salamander, Dicamptodon ensatus Eschscholtz, chap. <i>of</i> Amphibians of the Pacific Northwest, p. 50-53.","productDescription":"p. 50-53","startPage":"50","endPage":"53","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127806,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f94e8","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Jones, Laurence L. C.","contributorId":111491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Laurence","email":"","middleInitial":"L. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504346,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leonard, William P.","contributorId":112010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leonard","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504347,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Olson, Deanna H.","contributorId":114032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"Deanna","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504348,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Fellers, Gary M. 0000-0003-4092-0285 gary_fellers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4092-0285","contributorId":3150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fellers","given":"Gary","email":"gary_fellers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":295703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kuchta, Shawn R.","contributorId":102018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuchta","given":"Shawn","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70027656,"text":"70027656 - 2005 - Reproduction and mating behavior of the atlantic flyingfish, <i>Cheilopogon melanurus</i> (Exocoetidae), off North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-26T15:37:36","indexId":"70027656","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1106,"text":"Bulletin of Marine Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reproduction and mating behavior of the atlantic flyingfish, <i>Cheilopogon melanurus</i> (Exocoetidae), off North Carolina","docAbstract":"<p><span>The reproductive biology of </span><i>Cheilopogon melanurus</i><span> (Valenciennes, 1847) was examined off North Carolina during the summers of 1991–1992 and 1999–2003. Specimens were collected using a small mesh neuston net and dip nets. A spawning event, the first observation of mating behavior for this species, was recorded off Cape Fear, North Carolina, on 19 August 2003. It was considered to be a spawning event due to: 1) unusual coloration of both sexes, 2) unusual swimming behavior of both sexes, and 3) ready release of gametes by both sexes upon capture. The spawning event occurred in the presence of small clumps of floating </span><i>Sargassum</i><span>, but the fish did not appear to use the algae. Over all collections, female gonadosomatic indices were highest in June and July, but mature females were collected each month (June, July, and August). The overall female to male sex ratio did not vary significantly from 1:1. Number of ova increased with increasing fish size, but the relationship was not strong. Our data indicate a spawning season of at least June through August off North Carolina due to high female gonadosomatic indices, large egg diameters, presence of egg filaments, presence of spent females in July and August, and presence of small juveniles (≤ 25 mm) in July and August. This is the first report of single pair spawning for this family; other species reportedly spawn in large aggregations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"APT Online Publ.","issn":"00074977","usgsCitation":"Casazza, T.L., Ross, S., Necaise, A.M., and Sulak, K.J., 2005, Reproduction and mating behavior of the atlantic flyingfish, <i>Cheilopogon melanurus</i> (Exocoetidae), off North Carolina: Bulletin of Marine Science, v. 77, no. 3, p. 363-375.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"363","endPage":"375","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238203,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":340479,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/umrsmas/bullmar/2005/00000077/00000003/art00003"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.882568359375,\n              35.55904339525896\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.17370605468749,\n              35.357696204467516\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.5802001953125,\n              35.12889434101051\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.83837890625,\n              34.76417891445512\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.761474609375,\n              34.52013562807766\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.5252685546875,\n              34.4069096565206\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.2945556640625,\n              34.511083202999714\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.6683349609375,\n              34.7506398050501\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.1959228515625,\n              35.232159412017154\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.21240234375,\n              35.38457160381764\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.3717041015625,\n              35.50092819950358\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.5804443359375,\n              35.6126508187567\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.69580078125,\n              35.61711648382185\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.882568359375,\n              35.55904339525896\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"77","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa892e4b0c8380cd859a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Casazza, Tara L.","contributorId":68453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Tara","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ross, Steve W.","contributorId":41134,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ross","given":"Steve W.","affiliations":[{"id":32398,"text":"University of North Carolina Wilmington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":414597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Necaise, Ann Marie","contributorId":28062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Necaise","given":"Ann","email":"","middleInitial":"Marie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sulak, Kenneth J. 0000-0002-4795-9310 ksulak@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4795-9310","contributorId":2217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sulak","given":"Kenneth","email":"ksulak@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":414596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70027411,"text":"70027411 - 2005 - Numerical simulation of saltwater intrusion in response to sea-level rise","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:15","indexId":"70027411","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Numerical simulation of saltwater intrusion in response to sea-level rise","docAbstract":"A two dimensional numerical model of variable-density groundwater flow and dispersive solute transport was used to predict the extent, rate, and lag time of saltwater intrusion in response to various sea-level rise scenarios. Three simulations were performed with varying rates of sea-level rise. For the first simulation, sea-level rise was specified at a rate of 0.9 mm/yr, which is the slowest rate of sea-level rise estimated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). After 100 years, the 250 mg/L chloride isochlor moved inland by about 40 m, and required an additional 8 years for the system to reach equilibrium. For the next simulation, sea-level rise was specified at 4.8 mm/yr, which is the central value of the IPCC estimate. For this moderate rate of sea-level rise, the 250 mg/L isochlor moved inland by about 740 m after 100 years, and required an additional 10 years for the system to reach equilibrium. For the fastest rate of sea level rise estimated by IPCC (8.8 mm/yr), the 250 mg/L isochlor moved inland by about 1800 m after 100 years, and required more than 50 years to reach equilibrium. Copyright ASCE 2005.","largerWorkTitle":"World Water Congress 2005: Impacts of Global Climate Change - Proceedings of the 2005 World Water and Environmental Resources Congress","conferenceTitle":"2005 World Water and Environmental Resources Congress","conferenceDate":"15 May 2005 through 19 May 2005","conferenceLocation":"Anchorage, AK","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/40792(173)376","isbn":"0784407924; 9780784407929","usgsCitation":"Langevin, C., and Dausman, A., 2005, Numerical simulation of saltwater intrusion in response to sea-level rise, <i>in</i> World Water Congress 2005: Impacts of Global Climate Change - Proceedings of the 2005 World Water and Environmental Resources Congress, Anchorage, AK, 15 May 2005 through 19 May 2005, https://doi.org/10.1061/40792(173)376.","startPage":"376","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211159,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40792(173)376"},{"id":238369,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6927e4b0c8380cd73bb8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langevin, C.D.","contributorId":25976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langevin","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dausman, A.M.","contributorId":99373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dausman","given":"A.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70027613,"text":"70027613 - 2005 - Geology and insolation-driven climatic history of Amazonian north polar materials on Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:48","indexId":"70027613","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology and insolation-driven climatic history of Amazonian north polar materials on Mars","docAbstract":"Mariner 9 and Viking spacecraft images revealed that the polar regions of Mars, like those of Earth, record the planet's climate history. However, fundamental uncertainties regarding the materials, features, ages and processes constituting the geologic record remained. Recently acquired Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter data and Mars Orbiter Camera high-resolution images from the Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft and moderately high-resolution Thermal Emission Imaging System visible images from the Mars Odyssey spacecraft permit more comprehensive geologic and climatic analyses. Here I map and show the history of geologic materials and features in the north polar region that span the Amazonian period (???3.0 Gyr ago to present). Erosion and redeposition of putative circumpolar mud volcano deposits (formed by eruption of liquefied, fine-grained material) led to the formation of an Early Amazonian polar plateau consisting of dark layered materials. Crater ejecta superposed on pedestals indicate that a thin mantle was present during most of the Amazonian, suggesting generally higher obliquity and insolation conditions at the poles than at present. Brighter polar layered deposits rest unconformably on the dark layers and formed mainly during lower obliquity over the past 4-5 Myr (ref. 20). Finally, the uppermost layers post-date the latest downtrend in obliquity <20,000 years ago. ?? 2005 Nature Publishing Group.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/nature04065","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Tanaka, K.L., 2005, Geology and insolation-driven climatic history of Amazonian north polar materials on Mars: Nature, v. 437, no. 7061, p. 991-994, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04065.","startPage":"991","endPage":"994","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210955,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature04065"},{"id":238060,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"437","issue":"7061","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2376e4b0c8380cd578a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tanaka, K. L.","contributorId":31394,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tanaka","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70027718,"text":"70027718 - 2005 - Rain, winds and haze during the Huygens probe's descent to Titan's surface","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-11T08:39:53","indexId":"70027718","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rain, winds and haze during the Huygens probe's descent to Titan's surface","docAbstract":"<p>The irreversible conversion of methane into higher hydrocarbons in Titan's stratosphere implies a surface or subsurface methane reservoir. Recent measurements from the cameras aboard the Cassini orbiter fail to see a global reservoir, but the methane and smog in Titan's atmosphere impedes the search for hydrocarbons on the surface. Here we report spectra and high-resolution images obtained by the Huygens Probe Descent Imager/Spectral Radiometer instrument in Titan's atmosphere. Although these images do not show liquid hydrocarbon pools on the surface, they do reveal the traces of once flowing liquid. Surprisingly like Earth, the brighter highland regions show complex systems draining into flat, dark lowlands. Images taken after landing are of a dry riverbed. The infrared reflectance spectrum measured for the surface is unlike any other in the Solar System; there is a red slope in the optical range that is consistent with an organic material such as tholins, and absorption from water ice is seen. However, a blue slope in the near-infrared suggests another, unknown constituent. The number density of haze particles increases by a factor of just a few from an altitude of 150 km to the surface, with no clear space below the tropopause. The methane relative humidity near the surface is 50 per cent.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Nature Research","doi":"10.1038/nature04126","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Tomasko, M., Archinal, B., Becker, T., Bezard, B., Bushroe, M., Combes, M., Cook, D., Coustenis, A., De Bergh, C., Dafoe, L., Doose, L., Doute, S., Eibl, A., Engel, S., Gliem, F., Grieger, B., Holso, K., Howington-Kraus, E., Karkoschka, E., Keller, H., Kirk, R.L., Kramm, R., Kuppers, M., Lanagan, P., Lellouch, E., Lemmon, M., Lunine, J., McFarlane, E., Moores, J., Prout, G., Rizk, B., Rosiek, M., Rueffer, P., Schroder, S., Schmitt, B., See, C., Smith, P., Soderblom, L.A., Thomas, N., and West, R., 2005, Rain, winds and haze during the Huygens probe's descent to Titan's surface: Nature, v. 438, no. 7069, p. 765-778, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04126.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"765","endPage":"778","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238031,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Titan","volume":"438","issue":"7069","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-11-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9449e4b0c8380cd812fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tomasko, M.G.","contributorId":94861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tomasko","given":"M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Archinal, B.","contributorId":75399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Archinal","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Becker, T.","contributorId":78125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Becker","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bezard, B.","contributorId":75364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bezard","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bushroe, M.","contributorId":86235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bushroe","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Combes, M.","contributorId":66892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Combes","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cook, D.","contributorId":61774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Coustenis, A.","contributorId":11398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coustenis","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"De Bergh, C.","contributorId":58130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Bergh","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Dafoe, L.E.","contributorId":86236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dafoe","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Doose, L.","contributorId":13067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doose","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Doute, S.","contributorId":62803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doute","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Eibl, A.","contributorId":84640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eibl","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Engel, S.","contributorId":105562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engel","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Gliem, F.","contributorId":86133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gliem","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Grieger, B.","contributorId":73081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grieger","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Holso, K.","contributorId":29706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holso","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Howington-Kraus, E.","contributorId":35452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howington-Kraus","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Karkoschka, E.","contributorId":35123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karkoschka","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Keller, H.U.","contributorId":84526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keller","given":"H.U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Kirk, Randolph L. 0000-0003-0842-9226 rkirk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-9226","contributorId":2765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Randolph","email":"rkirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":414911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Kramm, R.","contributorId":78105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kramm","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Kuppers, M.","contributorId":44775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuppers","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Lanagan, P.","contributorId":77436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanagan","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Lellouch, E.","contributorId":14119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lellouch","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Lemmon, 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S.E.","contributorId":26590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroder","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":34},{"text":"Schmitt, B.","contributorId":21018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitt","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":35},{"text":"See, C.","contributorId":74203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"See","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":36},{"text":"Smith, P.","contributorId":88519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":37},{"text":"Soderblom, Laurence A. 0000-0002-0917-853X 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,{"id":70027714,"text":"70027714 - 2005 - Steam injection pilot study in a contaminated fractured limestone (Maine, USA): Modeling and analysis of borehole radar reflection data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-10T15:59:19","indexId":"70027714","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Steam injection pilot study in a contaminated fractured limestone (Maine, USA): Modeling and analysis of borehole radar reflection data","docAbstract":"Steam-enhanced remediation (SER) has been successfully used to remove DNAPL and LNAPL contaminants in porous media. Between August and November 2002, SER was tested in fractured limestone at the former Loring Air Force Base, in Maine, USA. During the SER investigation, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted a series of borehole radar surveys to evaluate the effectiveness of radar methods for monitoring the movement of steam and heat through the fractured limestone. The data were collected before steam injection, 10 days after the beginning of injection, and at the end of injection. In this paper, reflection-mode borehole radar data from wells JBW-7816 and JBW-7817A are presented and discussed. Theoretical modeling was performed to predict the variation of fracture reflectivity owed to heating, to show displacement of water and to assess the effect of SER at the site. Analysis of the radar profile data indicates some variations resulting from heating (increase of continuity of reflectors, attenuation of deeper reflections) but no substantial variation of traveltimes. Spectral content analysis of several individual reflections surrounding the boreholes was used to investigate the replacement of water by steam in the fractures. Observed decrease in radar reflectivity was too small to be explained by a replacement of water by steam, except for two high-amplitude reflectors, which disappeared near the end of the injection; moreover, no change of polarity, consistent with steam replacing water, was observed. The decrease of amplitude was greater for reflectors near well JBW-7817A and is explained by a greater heating around this well.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar, IWAGPR 2005","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"3rd International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar, IWAGPR 2005","conferenceDate":"May 3-5, 2005","conferenceLocation":"Delft, Netherlands","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/AGPR.2005.1487846","isbn":"9080970115; 9789080970113","usgsCitation":"Gregoire, C., Lane, J., and Joesten, P., 2005, Steam injection pilot study in a contaminated fractured limestone (Maine, USA): Modeling and analysis of borehole radar reflection data, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar, IWAGPR 2005, v. 2005, Delft, Netherlands, May 3-5, 2005, p. 55-59, https://doi.org/10.1109/AGPR.2005.1487846.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"55","endPage":"59","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237992,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Jr.","contributorId":66723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"J.W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Joesten, P. K.","contributorId":62818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joesten","given":"P. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70027354,"text":"70027354 - 2005 - Mark-resight superpopulation estimation of a wintering elk Cervus elaphus canadensis herd","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-06T16:15:54.589891","indexId":"70027354","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3766,"text":"Wildlife Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Mark-resight superpopulation estimation of a wintering elk <i>Cervus elaphus</i> canadensis herd","title":"Mark-resight superpopulation estimation of a wintering elk Cervus elaphus canadensis herd","docAbstract":"<p><span>We executed four mark-resight helicopter surveys during the winter months January–February for each of the three years 1999–2001 at 7–10 day intervals to estimate population size of a wintering elk&nbsp;</span><span class=\"genus-species\"><i>Cervus elaphus</i> canadensis</span><span>&nbsp;herd in northern New Mexico. We counted numbers of radio-collared and uncollared elk on a simple random sample of quadrats from the study area. Because we were unable to survey the entire study area, we adopted a superpopulation approach to estimating population size, in which the total number of collared animals within and proximate to the entire study area was determined from an independent fixed-wing aircraft. The total number of collared animals available on the quadrats surveyed was also determined and facilitated detectability estimation. We executed superpopulation estimation via the joint hypergeometric estimator using the ratio of marked elk counted to the known number extant as an estimate of effective detectability. Superpopulation size estimates were approximately four times larger than previously suspected in the vicinity of the study area. Despite consistent survey methodology, actual detection rates varied within winter periods, indicating that multiple resight flights are important for improved estimator performance. Variable detectability also suggests that reliance on mere counts of observed individuals in our area may not accurately reflect abundance.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Nordic Board for Wildlife Research","doi":"10.2981/0909-6396(2005)11[341:MSEOAW]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Gould, W., Smallidge, S.T., and Thompson, B.C., 2005, Mark-resight superpopulation estimation of a wintering elk Cervus elaphus canadensis herd: Wildlife Biology, v. 11, no. 4, p. 341-349, https://doi.org/10.2981/0909-6396(2005)11[341:MSEOAW]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"341","endPage":"349","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":488537,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2981/0909-6396(2005)11[341:mseoaw]2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":235208,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -107.38037109375,\n              35.65729624809628\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.74365234375,\n              35.65729624809628\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.74365234375,\n              37.87485339352928\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.38037109375,\n              37.87485339352928\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.38037109375,\n              35.65729624809628\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a51fce4b0c8380cd6c09b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gould, William R.","contributorId":63780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gould","given":"William R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smallidge, S. T.","contributorId":11809,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smallidge","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thompson, Bruce C.","contributorId":111601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70027721,"text":"70027721 - 2005 - FTIR absorption indices for thermal maturity in comparison with vitrinite reflectance R0 in type-II kerogens from Devonian black shales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:50","indexId":"70027721","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2958,"text":"Organic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"FTIR absorption indices for thermal maturity in comparison with vitrinite reflectance R0 in type-II kerogens from Devonian black shales","docAbstract":"FTIR absorbance signals in kerogens and macerals were evaluated as indices for thermal maturity. Two sets of naturally matured type-II kerogens from the New Albany Shale (Illinois Basin) and the Exshaw Formation (Western Canada Sedimentary Basin) and kerogens from hydrous pyrolysis artificial maturation of the New Albany Shale were characterized by FTIR. Good correlation was observed between the aromatic/aliphatic absorption ratio and vitrinite reflectance R 0. FTIR parameters are especially valuable for determining the degree of maturity of marine source rocks lacking vitrinite. With increasing maturity, FTIR spectra express four trends: (i) an increase in the absorption of aromatic bands, (ii) a decrease in the absorption of aliphatic bands, (iii) a loss of oxygenated groups (carbonyl and carboxyl), and (iv) an initial decrease in the CH2/CH3 ratio that is not apparent at higher maturity in naturally matured samples, but is observed throughout increasing R0 in artificially matured samples. The difference in the CH2/CH 3 ratio in samples from natural and artificial maturation at higher maturity indicates that short-term artificial maturation at high temperatures is not fully equivalent to slow geologic maturation at lower temperatures. With increasing R0, the (carboxyl + carbonyl)/aromatic carbon ratio generally decreases, except that kerogens from the Exshaw Formation and from hydrous pyrolysis experiments express an intermittent slight increase at medium maturity. FTIR-derived aromaticities correlate well with R0, although some uncertainty is due to the dependence of FTIR parameters on the maceral composition of kerogen whereas R0 is solely dependent on vitrinite. ?? 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Organic Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2005.07.001","issn":"01466380","usgsCitation":"Lis, G., Mastalerz, M., Schimmelmann, A., Lewan, M.D., and Stankiewicz, B., 2005, FTIR absorption indices for thermal maturity in comparison with vitrinite reflectance R0 in type-II kerogens from Devonian black shales: Organic Geochemistry, v. 36, no. 11, p. 1533-1552, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2005.07.001.","startPage":"1533","endPage":"1552","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238069,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210959,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2005.07.001"}],"volume":"36","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0e83e4b0c8380cd534c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lis, G.P.","contributorId":94851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lis","given":"G.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mastalerz, Maria","contributorId":78065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mastalerz","given":"Maria","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schimmelmann, A.","contributorId":28348,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schimmelmann","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lewan, M. D.","contributorId":46540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewan","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stankiewicz, B.A.","contributorId":83676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stankiewicz","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70027343,"text":"70027343 - 2005 - Macropolygon morphology, development, and classification on North Panamint and Eureka playas, Death Valley National Park CA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:27","indexId":"70027343","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1431,"text":"Earth-Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Macropolygon morphology, development, and classification on North Panamint and Eureka playas, Death Valley National Park CA","docAbstract":"Panamint and Eureka playas, both located within Death Valley National Park, exhibit a host of surficial features including fissures, pits, mounds, and plant-covered ridges, representing topographic highs and lows that vary up to 2 m of relief from the playa surface. Aerial photographs reveal that these linear strands often converge to form polygons, ranging in length from several meters to nearly a kilometer. These features stand out in generally dark contrast to the brighter intervening expanse of flat, plant-free, desiccated mud of the typical playa surface. Ground-truth mapping of playa features with differential GPS (Global Positioning System) was conducted in 1999 (North Panamint Valley) and 2002 (Eureka Valley). High-resolution digital maps reveal that both playas possess macropolygons of similar scale and geometry, and that fissures may be categorized into one of two genetic groups: (1) shore-parallel or playa-interior desiccation and shrinkage; and (2) tectonic-induced cracks. Early investigations of these features in Eureka Valley concluded that their origin may have been related to agricultural activity by paleo-Indian communities. Although human artifacts are abundant at each locale, there is no evidence to support the inference that surface features reported on Eureka Playa are anthropogenic in origin. Our assumptions into the genesis of polygons on playas is based on our fortuitous experience of witnessing a fissure in the process of formation on Panamint Playa after a flash flood (May 1999); our observations revealed a paradox that saturation of the upper playa crusts contributes to the establishment of some desiccation features. Follow-up visits to the same feature over 2 yrs' time are a foundation for insight into the evolution and possible longevity of these features. ?? 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth-Science Reviews","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2005.04.011","issn":"00128252","usgsCitation":"Messina, P., Stoffer, P., and Smith, W.C., 2005, Macropolygon morphology, development, and classification on North Panamint and Eureka playas, Death Valley National Park CA: Earth-Science Reviews, v. 73, no. 1-4, p. 309-322, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2005.04.011.","startPage":"309","endPage":"322","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209334,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2005.04.011"},{"id":235641,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4b22e4b0c8380cd69301","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Messina, P.","contributorId":37518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Messina","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stoffer, P.","contributorId":55527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoffer","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, W. C.","contributorId":18424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70027742,"text":"70027742 - 2005 - Interpretation of the Last Chance thrust, Death Valley region, California, as an Early Permian décollement in a previously undeformed shale basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-04T11:05:26","indexId":"70027742","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1431,"text":"Earth-Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interpretation of the Last Chance thrust, Death Valley region, California, as an Early Permian décollement in a previously undeformed shale basin","docAbstract":"<p id=\"\">The Last Chance thrust, discontinuously exposed over an area of at least 2500 km<sup>2</sup>&nbsp;near the south end of the Cordilleran foreland thrust belt in the Death Valley region of east-central California, is controversial because of its poorly constrained age and its uncertain original geometry and extent. We interpret this thrust to be Early Permian in age, to extend throughout a sedimentary basin in which deep-water Mississippian shale overlain by Pennsylvanian and earliest Permian limestone turbidites accumulated, to represent about 30 km of eastward displacement, and to be related to convergence on a northeast-trending segment of the Early Permian continental margin. Last Chance deformation occurred between the times of the Antler and Sonoma orogenies of Late Devonian&ndash;Early Mississippian and Late Permian ages, respectively, and followed Early to Middle Pennsylvanian truncation of the continental margin by transform faulting.</p>\n<p id=\"\">In the western part of the Mississippian shale basin in east-central California, the originally recognized exposures of the Last Chance thrust show Neoproterozoic and early Paleozoic strata above lower-plate Mississippian shale. Farther east, faults subparallel to bedding above, below, and within the Mississippian shale are interpreted to mark the thrust zone and to represent a regional d&eacute;collement. At the eastern margin of the basin, upper-plate thrust slices of deep-water, late Paleozoic strata are interpreted to have piled up against the margin of the Mississippian carbonate shelf to form a large antiformal stack above the Lee Flat thrust, which we regard as the easternmost exposure of the Last Chance thrust. Thrust loading depressed the western part of the shelf, creating a new sedimentary basin in which about 3.5 km of younger Early Permian deep-water strata were deposited against the antiformal stack. Later, probably in the Late Permian, other thrusts, including the Inyo Crest thrust, which was subsequently overlapped by Early to Middle(?) Triassic marine strata, cut across the Last Chance thrust.</p>\n<p id=\"\">We interpret the Last Chance thrust as similar in many ways to Appalachian-type d&eacute;collements in which the zone of thrusting is localized along a shale interval. The Last Chance thrust, however, has been dismembered during later geologic events so that its original geometry has been obscured. Our model may have unrecognized analogs in other structurally complex shale basins in which the initial deformation was along a major shale unit.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2005.04.005","issn":"00128252","usgsCitation":"Stevens, C., and Stone, P., 2005, Interpretation of the Last Chance thrust, Death Valley region, California, as an Early Permian décollement in a previously undeformed shale basin: Earth-Science Reviews, v. 73, no. 1-4, p. 79-101, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2005.04.005.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"79","endPage":"101","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238352,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211145,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2005.04.005"}],"volume":"73","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3d7fe4b0c8380cd63606","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stevens, Calvin H.","contributorId":59848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"Calvin H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stone, Paul 0000-0002-1439-0156 pastone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1439-0156","contributorId":273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Paul","email":"pastone@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":415028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70027698,"text":"70027698 - 2005 - Workgroup report: Drinking-water nitrate and health - Recent findings and research needs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:49","indexId":"70027698","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1542,"text":"Environmental Health Perspectives","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Workgroup report: Drinking-water nitrate and health - Recent findings and research needs","docAbstract":"Human alteration of the nitrogen cycle has resulted in steadily accumulating nitrate in our water resources. The U.S. maximum contaminant level and World Health Organization guidelines for nitrate in drinking water were promulgated to protect infants from developing methemoglobinemia, an acute condition. Some scientists have recently suggested that the regulatory limit for nitrate is overly conservative; however, they have not thoroughly considered chronic health outcomes. In August 2004, a symposium on drinking-water nitrate and health was held at the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology meeting to evaluate nitrate exposures and associated health effects in relation to the current regulatory limit. The contribution of drinking-water nitrate toward endogenous formation of N-nitroso compounds was evaluated with a focus toward identifying subpopulations with increased rates of nitrosation. Adverse health effects may be the result of a complex interaction of the amount of nitrate ingested, the concomitant ingestion of nitrosation cofactors and precursors, and specific medical conditions that increase nitrosation. Workshop participants concluded that more experimental studies are needed and that a particularly fruitful approach may be to conduct epidemiologic studies among susceptible subgroups with increased endogenous nitrosation. The few epidemiologic studies that have evaluated intake of nitrosation precursors and/or nitrosation inhibitors have observed elevated risks for colon cancer and neural tube defects associated with drinking-water nitrate concentrations below the regulatory limit. The role of drinking-water nitrate exposure as a risk factor for specific cancers, reproductive outcomes, and other chronic health effects must be studied more thoroughly before changes to the regulatory level for nitrate in drinking water can be considered.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Health Perspectives","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1289/ehp.8043","issn":"00916765","usgsCitation":"Ward, M., deKok, T., Levallois, P., Brender, J., Gulis, G., Nolan, B.T., and VanDerslice, J., 2005, Workgroup report: Drinking-water nitrate and health - Recent findings and research needs: Environmental Health Perspectives, v. 113, no. 11, p. 1607-1614, https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.8043.","startPage":"1607","endPage":"1614","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477960,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.8043","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":211093,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.8043"},{"id":238276,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd1bae4b08c986b32f56f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ward, M.H.","contributorId":35939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"M.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"deKok, T.M.","contributorId":31567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"deKok","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Levallois, P.","contributorId":15818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Levallois","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brender, J.","contributorId":38773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brender","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gulis, G.","contributorId":96080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gulis","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nolan, B. T.","contributorId":21565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nolan","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":414787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"VanDerslice, J.","contributorId":80483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanDerslice","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70027355,"text":"70027355 - 2005 - Status and conservation of the fish fauna of the Alabama River system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:33","indexId":"70027355","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":718,"text":"American Fisheries Society Symposium","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Status and conservation of the fish fauna of the Alabama River system","docAbstract":"The Alabama River system, comprising the Alabama, Coosa, and Tallapoosa subsystems, forms the eastern portion of the Mobile River drainage. Physiographic diversity and geologic history have fostered development in the Alabama River system of globally significant levels of aquatic faunal diversity and endemism. At least 184 fishes are native to the system, including at least 33 endemic species. During the past century, dam construction for hydropower generation and navigation resulted in 16 reservoirs that inundate 44% of the length of the Alabama River system main stems. This extensive physical and hydrologic alteration has affected the fish fauna in three major ways. Diadromous and migratory species have declined precipitously. Fish assemblages persisting downstream from large main-stem dams have been simplified by loss of species unable to cope with altered flow and water quality regimes. Fish populations persisting in the headwaters and in tributaries to the mainstem reservoirs are now isolated and subjected to effects of physical and chemical habitat degradation. Ten fishes in the Alabama River system (including seven endemic species) are federally listed as threatened or endangered. Regional experts consider at least 28 additional species to be vulnerable, threatened, or endangered with extinction. Conserving the Alabama River system fish fauna will require innovative dam management, protection of streams from effects of urbanization and water supply development, and control of alien species dispersal. Failure to manage aggressively for integrity of remaining unimpounded portions of the Alabama River system will result in reduced quality of natural resources for future generations, continued assemblage simplification, and species extinctions. ?? 2005 by the American Fisheries Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Fisheries Society Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"08922284","usgsCitation":"Freeman, M.C., Irwin, E., Burkhead, N., Freeman, B.J., and Bart, H., 2005, Status and conservation of the fish fauna of the Alabama River system: American Fisheries Society Symposium, v. 2005, no. 45, p. 557-585.","startPage":"557","endPage":"585","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235242,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2005","issue":"45","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b977ee4b08c986b31bad4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Freeman, Mary C. 0000-0001-7615-6923","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7615-6923","contributorId":99659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":413310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Irwin, E.R.","contributorId":90269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irwin","given":"E.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burkhead, N.M.","contributorId":34456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burkhead","given":"N.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Freeman, B. J.","contributorId":8031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bart, H.L. Jr.","contributorId":42679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bart","given":"H.L.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70027567,"text":"70027567 - 2005 - The detection and mapping of oil on a marshy area by a remote luminescent sensor","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:16","indexId":"70027567","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The detection and mapping of oil on a marshy area by a remote luminescent sensor","docAbstract":"Airborne remote sensing can be a cost-effective method for monitoring pollutants in large areas such as occur in oil spills. An opportunity to test a particular method arose when a well ruptured and for 23 days spewed a 90-meter fountain of oil into the air, dispersing the oil over a wide area. The method tested was an airborne luminescence detector with a Fraunhofer Line Discriminator (FLD) which was flown over the affected area 41 days after the well was capped to obtain a map or the deposition pattern. To calibrate the system, samples of Spartina (wire grass) and Phragmites (common reed) were collected from the contaminated area and the oil residues were eluted in cyclohexane and quantitatively analyzed in a fluorescence photometer. Good correlation was observed between the remote sensor (FLD) and the laboratory analysis. Isopleths defining the deposition pattern of oil were drawn from the remote sensing information. A discussion will be presented on the feasibility of using this instrument for similar contamination incidents for cleanup and damage assessment.","largerWorkTitle":"2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005","conferenceTitle":"2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005","conferenceDate":"15 May 2005 through 19 May 2005","conferenceLocation":"Miami Beach, FL","language":"English","usgsCitation":"McFarlane, C., and Watson, R.D., 2005, The detection and mapping of oil on a marshy area by a remote luminescent sensor, <i>in</i> 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005, Miami Beach, FL, 15 May 2005 through 19 May 2005.","startPage":"1635","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238494,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baa93e4b08c986b3228b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McFarlane, C.","contributorId":36816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McFarlane","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Watson, R. D.","contributorId":96413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70027999,"text":"70027999 - 2005 - Natural landscape features, human-related attractants, and conflict hotspots: A spatial analysis of human-grizzly bear conflicts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:55","indexId":"70027999","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3671,"text":"Ursus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Natural landscape features, human-related attractants, and conflict hotspots: A spatial analysis of human-grizzly bear conflicts","docAbstract":"There is a long history of conflict in the western United States between humans and grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) involving agricultural attractants. However, little is known about the spatial dimensions of this conflict and the relative importance of different attractants. This study was undertaken to better understand the spatial and functional components of conflict between humans and grizzly bears on privately owned agricultural lands in Montana. Our investigations focused on spatial associations of rivers and creeks, livestock pastures, boneyards (livestock carcass dump sites), beehives, and grizzly bear habitat with reported human-grizzly bear conflicts during 1986-2001. We based our analysis on a survey of 61 of 64 livestock producers in our study in the Rocky Mountain East Front, Montana. With the assistance of livestock and honey producers, we mapped the locations of cattle and sheep pastures, boneyards, and beehives. We used density surface mapping to identify seasonal clusters of conflicts that we term conflict hotspots. Hotspots accounted for 75% of all conflicts and encompassed approximately 8% of the study area. We also differentiated chronic (4 or more years of conflicts) from non-chronic hotspots (fewer than 4 years of conflict). The 10 chronic hotpots accounted for 58% of all conflicts. Based on Monte Carlo simulations, we found that conflict locations were most strongly associated with rivers and creeks followed by sheep lambing areas and fall sheep pastures. Conflicts also were associated with cattle calving areas, spring cow-calf pastures, summer and fall cattle pastures, and boneyards. The Monte Carlo simulations indicated associations between conflict locations and unprotected beehives at specific analysis scales. Protected (fenced) beehives were less likely to experience conflicts than unprotected beehives. Conflicts occurred at a greater rate in riparian and wetland vegetation than would be expected. The majority of conflicts occurred in a small portion of the study area, where concentrations of attractants existed that overlapped with bear habitat. These hotspots should be the target of management and conservation efforts that focus on removing or protecting attractants using non-lethal techniques.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ursus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2192/1537-6176(2005)016[0117:NLFHAA]2.0.CO;2","issn":"15376176","usgsCitation":"Wilson, S., Madel, M., Mattson, D., Graham, J., Burchfield, J., and Belsky, J., 2005, Natural landscape features, human-related attractants, and conflict hotspots: A spatial analysis of human-grizzly bear conflicts: Ursus, v. 16, no. 1, p. 117-129, https://doi.org/10.2192/1537-6176(2005)016[0117:NLFHAA]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"117","endPage":"129","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237290,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210387,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2192/1537-6176(2005)016[0117:NLFHAA]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"16","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6344e4b0c8380cd723c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, S.M.","contributorId":52731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Madel, M.J.","contributorId":33111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madel","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mattson, D.J.","contributorId":57022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattson","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Graham, J.M.","contributorId":57651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Burchfield, J.A.","contributorId":16638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burchfield","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Belsky, J.M.","contributorId":27251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belsky","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
]}