Seismic surveys in the eastern Albemarle Sound, adjacent tributaries and the inner continental shelf define the regional geologic framework and provide insight into the sedimentary evolution of the northern North Carolina coastal system. Litho- and chronostratigraphic data are derived from eight drill sites on the Outer Banks barrier islands, and the Mobil #1 well in eastern Albemarle Sound. Within the study area, parallel-bedded, gently dipping Miocene beds occur at 95 to > 160 m below sea level (m bsl), and are overlain by a southward-thickening Pliocene unit characterized by steeply inclined, southward-prograding beds. The lower Pliocene unit consists of three seismic sequences. The 55–60 m thick Quaternary section unconformably overlies the Pliocene unit, and consists of 18 seismic sequences exhibiting numerous incised channel-fill facies. Shallow stratigraphy (< 40 m bsl) is dominated by complex fill patterns within the incised paleo-Roanoke River valley. Radiocarbon and amino-acid racemization (AAR) ages indicate that the valley-fill is latest Pleistocene to Holocene in age. At least six distinct valley-fill units are identified in the seismic data. Cores in the valley-fill contain a 3–6 m thick basal fluvial channel deposit that is overlain by a 15 m thick unit of interlaminated muds and sands of brackish water origin that exhibit increasing marine influence upwards. Organic materials within the interlaminated deposits have ages of 13–11 cal. ka. The interlaminated deposits within the valley are overlain by several units that comprise shallow marine sediments (bay-mouth and shoreface environments) that consist of silty, fine- to medium-grained sands containing open neritic foraminifera, suggesting that this area lacked a fronting barrier island system and was an open embayment from ∼10 ka to ∼4.5 ka. Seismic data show that initial infilling of the paleo-Roanoke River valley occurred from the north and west during the late Pleistocene and early Holocene. Later infilling occurred from the south and east and is characterized by a large shoal body (Colington Island and Shoals) and adjacent inlet fill. Establishment of a continuous barrier island system across the bay-mouth resulted in deposition of the latest phase of valley-fill, characterized by estuarine organic-rich muds.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2005.02.030","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Mallinson, D., Riggs, S., Thieler, E., Culver, S., Farrell, K., Foster, D., Corbett, D., Horton, B., and Wehmiller, J., 2005, Late Neogene and Quaternary evolution of the northern Albemarle Embayment (mid-Atlantic continental margin, USA): Marine Geology, v. 217, no. 1-2, p. 97-117, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2005.02.030.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"97","endPage":"117","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240340,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Albemarle Embayment","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.47558593749999,\n 34.45221847282654\n ],\n [\n -75.025634765625,\n 34.45221847282654\n ],\n [\n -75.025634765625,\n 36.55377524336089\n ],\n [\n -77.47558593749999,\n 36.55377524336089\n ],\n [\n -77.47558593749999,\n 34.45221847282654\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"217","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a44f7e4b0c8380cd66f16","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mallinson, D.","contributorId":93686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mallinson","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Riggs, S.","contributorId":104710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riggs","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thieler, E.R. 0000-0003-4311-9717","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4311-9717","contributorId":93082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thieler","given":"E.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Culver, S.","contributorId":30450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Culver","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Farrell, K.","contributorId":95688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrell","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Foster, D.S.","contributorId":30641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Corbett, D.R.","contributorId":73791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corbett","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Horton, B.","contributorId":25341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wehmiller, J.F.","contributorId":37891,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wehmiller","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70029544,"text":"70029544 - 2005 - Genetic evaluation of a Great Lakes lake trout hatchery program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:46","indexId":"70029544","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic evaluation of a Great Lakes lake trout hatchery program","docAbstract":"Efforts over several decades to restore lake trout Salvelinus namaycush in U.S. waters of the upper Great Lakes have emphasized the stocking of juveniles from each of six hatchery broodstocks. Retention of genetic diversity across all offspring life history stages throughout the hatchery system has been an important component of the restoration hatchery and stocking program. Different stages of the lake trout hatchery program were examined to determine how effective hatchery practices have been in minimizing the loss of genetic diversity in broodstock adults and in progeny stocked. Microsatellite loci were used to estimate allele frequencies, measures of genetic diversity, and relatedness for wild source populations, hatchery broodstocks, and juveniles. We also estimated the effective number of breeders for each broodstock. Hatchery records were used to track destinations of fertilized eggs from all spawning dates to determine whether adult contributions to stocking programs were proportional to reproductive effort. Overall, management goals of maintaining genetic diversity were met across all stages of the hatchery program; however, we identified key areas where changes in mating regimes and in the distribution of fertilized gametes and juveniles could be improved. Estimates of effective breeding population size (Nb) were 9-41% of the total number of adults spawned. Low estimates of Nb were primarily attributed to spawning practices, including the pooling of gametes from multiple males and females and the reuse of males. Nonrandom selection and distribution of fertilized eggs before stocking accentuated declines in effective breeding population size and increased levels of relatedness of juveniles distributed to different rearing facilities and stocking locales. Adoption of guidelines that decrease adult reproductive variance and promote more equitable reproductive contributions of broodstock adults to juveniles would further enhance management goals of maintaining genetic diversity and minimize probabilities of consanguineous matings among stocked individuals when sexually mature. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2005.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/T04-074.1","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"Page, K., Scribner, K., Bast, D., Holey, M., and Burnham-Curtis, M.K., 2005, Genetic evaluation of a Great Lakes lake trout hatchery program: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 134, no. 4, p. 872-891, https://doi.org/10.1577/T04-074.1.","startPage":"872","endPage":"891","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210848,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T04-074.1"},{"id":237892,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"134","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1576e4b0c8380cd54e1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Page, K.S.","contributorId":47332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Page","given":"K.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scribner, K.T.","contributorId":97033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scribner","given":"K.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bast, D.","contributorId":101860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bast","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Holey, M.E.","contributorId":68957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holey","given":"M.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Burnham-Curtis, M. K.","contributorId":39328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burnham-Curtis","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029542,"text":"70029542 - 2005 - Specificity of a Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron marker for human feces","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:46","indexId":"70029542","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Specificity of a Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron marker for human feces","docAbstract":"A bacterial primer set, known to produce a 542-bp amplicon specific for Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, generated this product in PCR with 1 ng of extracted DNA from 92% of 25 human fecal samples, 100% of 20 sewage samples, and 16% of 31 dog fecal samples. The marker was not detected in 1 ng of fecal DNA from 61 cows, 35 horses, 44 pigs, 24 chickens, 29 turkeys, and 17 geese. Copyright ?? 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1128/AEM.71.8.4945-4949.2005","issn":"00992240","usgsCitation":"Carson, C., Christiansen, J., Yampara-Iquise, H., Benson, V., Baffaut, C., Davis, J.V., Broz, R., Kurtz, W., Rogers, W., and Fales, W., 2005, Specificity of a Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron marker for human feces: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 71, no. 8, p. 4945-4949, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.71.8.4945-4949.2005.","startPage":"4945","endPage":"4949","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477945,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1183297","text":"External Repository"},{"id":210821,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.71.8.4945-4949.2005"},{"id":237855,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"71","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b952be4b08c986b31ad9c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carson, C.A.","contributorId":76126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carson","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Christiansen, J.M.","contributorId":90530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christiansen","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yampara-Iquise, H.","contributorId":76127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yampara-Iquise","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Benson, V.W.","contributorId":82118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"V.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Baffaut, C.","contributorId":97698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baffaut","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Davis, Jerri V. jdavis@usgs.gov","contributorId":99149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Jerri","email":"jdavis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Broz, R.R.","contributorId":10606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Broz","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kurtz, W.B.","contributorId":17821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurtz","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Rogers, W.M.","contributorId":18567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogers","given":"W.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Fales, W.H.","contributorId":15816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fales","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70029290,"text":"70029290 - 2005 - Geochemical and C, O, Sr, and U-series isotopic evidence for the meteoric origin of calcrete at Solitario Wash, Crater Flat, Nevada, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:49","indexId":"70029290","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1539,"text":"Environmental Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemical and C, O, Sr, and U-series isotopic evidence for the meteoric origin of calcrete at Solitario Wash, Crater Flat, Nevada, USA","docAbstract":"Calcite-rich soils (calcrete) in alluvium and colluvium at Solitario Wash, Crater Flat, Nevada, USA, contain pedogenic calcite and opaline silica similar to soils present elsewhere in the semi-arid southwestern United States. Nevertheless, a ground-water discharge origin for the Solitario Wash soil deposits was proposed in a series of publications proposing elevation-dependent variations of carbon and oxygen isotopes in calcrete samples. Discharge of ground water in the past would raise the possibility of future flooding in the unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, site of a proposed high-level nuclear waste repository. New geochemical and carbon, oxygen, strontium, and uranium-series isotopic data disprove the presence of systematic elevation-isotopic composition relations, which are the main justification given for a proposed ground-water discharge origin of the calcrete deposits at Solitario Wash. Values of ??13C (-4.1 to -7.8 per mil [???]), ??18O (23.8-17.2???), 87Sr/ 86Sr (0.71270-0.71146), and initial 234U/238U activity ratios of about 1.6 in the new calcrete samples are within ranges previously observed in pedogenic carbonate deposits at Yucca Mountain and are incompatible with a ground-water origin for the calcrete. Variations in carbon and oxygen isotopes in Solitario Wash calcrete likely are caused by pedogenic deposition from meteoric water under varying Quaternary climatic conditions over hundreds of thousands of years. ?? Springer-Verlag 2005.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00254-005-1260-z","issn":"09430105","usgsCitation":"Neymark, L., Paces, J., Marshall, B., Peterman, Z.E., and Whelan, J.F., 2005, Geochemical and C, O, Sr, and U-series isotopic evidence for the meteoric origin of calcrete at Solitario Wash, Crater Flat, Nevada, USA: Environmental Geology, v. 48, no. 4-5, p. 450-465, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-005-1260-z.","startPage":"450","endPage":"465","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210837,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00254-005-1260-z"},{"id":237876,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"4-5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-06-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a15b8e4b0c8380cd54f11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neymark, L.A. 0000-0003-4190-0278","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4190-0278","contributorId":56673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neymark","given":"L.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paces, J.B. 0000-0002-9809-8493","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9809-8493","contributorId":27482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paces","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marshall, B.D.","contributorId":19581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marshall","given":"B.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peterman, Z. E.","contributorId":63781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterman","given":"Z.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Whelan, J. F.","contributorId":45328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whelan","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029456,"text":"70029456 - 2005 - Neotectonics of the offshore Oak Ridge fault near Ventura, southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:51","indexId":"70029456","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Neotectonics of the offshore Oak Ridge fault near Ventura, southern California","docAbstract":"The Oak Ridge fault is a large-offset, south-dipping reverse fault that forms the south boundary of the Ventura Basin in southern California. Previous research indicates that the Oak Ridge fault south of the town of Ventura has been inactive since 200-400 ka ago and that the fault tip is buried by ??? 1 km of Quaternary sediment. However, very high-resolution and medium-resolution seismic reflection data presented here show a south-dipping fault, on strike with the Oak Ridge fault, that is truncated at 80 m depth by an unconformity that is probably at the base of late Pleistocene and Holocene sediment. Furthermore, if vertically aligned features in seismic reflection data are eroded remnants of fault scarps, then a subsidiary fault within the Oak Ridge system deforms the shallowest imaged sediment layers. We propose that this subsidiary fault has mainly left-slip offset. These observations of Holocene slip on the Oak Ridge fault system suggest that revision of the earthquake hazard for the densely populated Santa Clara River valley and the Oxnard coastal plain may be needed.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120040126","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Fisher, M.A., Greene, H., Normark, W.R., and Sliter, R.W., 2005, Neotectonics of the offshore Oak Ridge fault near Ventura, southern California: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 95, no. 2, p. 739-744, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120040126.","startPage":"739","endPage":"744","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210676,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120040126"},{"id":237671,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"95","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a645fe4b0c8380cd729aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fisher, M. A.","contributorId":69972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Greene, H. Gary","contributorId":38958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greene","given":"H. Gary","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":422816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Normark, W. R.","contributorId":87137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Normark","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sliter, R. W.","contributorId":37758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sliter","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029294,"text":"70029294 - 2005 - Sediments in marsh ponds of the Gulf Coast Chenier Plain: Effects of structural marsh management and salinity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:51","indexId":"70029294","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3751,"text":"Wetlands Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sediments in marsh ponds of the Gulf Coast Chenier Plain: Effects of structural marsh management and salinity","docAbstract":"Physical characteristics of sediments in coastal marsh ponds (flooded zones of marsh associated with little vegetation) have important ecological consequences because they determine compositions of benthic invertebrate communities, which in turn influence compositions of waterbird communities. Sediments in marsh ponds of the Gulf Coast Chenier Plain potentially are affected by (1) structural marsh management (levees, water control structures and impoundments; SMM), and (2) variation in salinity. Based on available literature concerning effects of SMM on sediments in emergent plant zones (zones of marsh occasionally flooded and associated with dense vegetation) of coastal marshes, we predicted that SMM would increase sediment carbon content and sediment hardness, and decrease oxygen penetration (O2 depth) and the silt-clay fraction in marsh pond sediments. Assuming that freshwater marshes are more productive than are saline marshes, we also predicted that sediments of impounded freshwater marsh ponds would contain more carbon than those of impounded oligohaline and mesohaline marsh ponds, whereas C:N ratio, sediment hardness, silt-clay fraction, and O2 depth would be similar among pond types. Accordingly, we measured sediment variables within ponds of impounded and unimpounded marshes on Rockefeller State Wildlife Refuge, near Grand Chenier, Louisiana. To test the above predictions, we compared sediment variables (1) between ponds of impounded (IM) and unimpounded mesohaline marshes (UM), and (2) among ponds of impounded freshwater (IF), oligohaline (IO), and mesohaline (IM) marshes. An a priori multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) contrast indicated that sediments differed between IM and UM marsh ponds. As predicted, the silt-clay fraction and O2 depth were lower and carbon content, C:N ratio, and sediment hardness were higher in IM than in UM marsh ponds. An a priori MANOVA contrast also indicated that sediments differed among IF, IO, and IM marsh ponds. As predicted, carbon content was higher in IF marsh ponds than in ponds of other impounded marsh types. In contrast to our predictions, C:N ratio and sediment hardness were lowest and silt-clay fraction and O2 depth were highest in IO and IM marsh ponds. Our results indicated that SMM has affected physical properties of sediments in coastal marsh ponds. Moreover, sediments in IF marsh ponds were affected more so than were those in IO and IM marsh ponds. Our results, in conjunction with those of previous studies, indicated that sediments of marsh ponds and emergent plant zones differed greatly. We predict that changes in pond sediments due to SMM will promote greater epifaunal macroinvertebrate biomass, which in turn should attract larger populations of wintering waterbirds. However, waterbirds that filter or probe soft sediments may be negatively affected by SMM because of the expected decrease in infaunal invertebrate biomass. ?? Springer 2005.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands Ecology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11273-004-0182-y","issn":"09234861","usgsCitation":"Bolduc, F., and Afton, A., 2005, Sediments in marsh ponds of the Gulf Coast Chenier Plain: Effects of structural marsh management and salinity: Wetlands Ecology and Management, v. 13, no. 4, p. 395-404, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-004-0182-y.","startPage":"395","endPage":"404","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237371,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210450,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11273-004-0182-y"}],"volume":"13","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8ab4e4b08c986b317319","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bolduc, F.","contributorId":76444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bolduc","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Afton, A. D.","contributorId":83467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Afton","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029298,"text":"70029298 - 2005 - Assessments of urban growth in the Tampa Bay watershed using remote sensing data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-10T12:56:51","indexId":"70029298","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessments of urban growth in the Tampa Bay watershed using remote sensing data","docAbstract":"Urban development has expanded rapidly in the Tampa Bay area of west-central Florida over the past century. A major effect associated with this population trend is transformation of the landscape from natural cover types to increasingly impervious urban land. This research utilizes an innovative approach for mapping urban extent and its changes through determining impervious surfaces from Landsat satellite remote sensing data. By 2002, areas with subpixel impervious surface greater than 10% accounted for approximately 1800 km2, or 27 percent of the total watershed area. The impervious surface area increases approximately three-fold from 1991 to 2002. The resulting imperviousness data are used with a defined suite of geospatial data sets to simulate historical urban development and predict future urban and suburban extent, density, and growth patterns using SLEUTH model. Also examined is the increasingly important influence that urbanization and its associated imperviousness extent have on the individual drainage basins of the Tampa Bay watershed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2005.04.017","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Xian, G., and Crane, M., 2005, Assessments of urban growth in the Tampa Bay watershed using remote sensing data: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 97, no. 2, p. 203-215, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2005.04.017.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"203","endPage":"215","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237441,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210503,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2005.04.017"}],"volume":"97","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee89e4b0c8380cd49de3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xian, G. 0000-0001-5674-2204","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5674-2204","contributorId":65656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xian","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crane, M.","contributorId":86957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crane","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029539,"text":"70029539 - 2005 - The role of topography on catchment‐scale water residence time","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T15:55:05","indexId":"70029539","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of topography on catchment‐scale water residence time","docAbstract":"The age, or residence time, of water is a fundamental descriptor of catchment hydrology, revealing information about the storage, flow pathways, and source of water in a single integrated measure. While there has been tremendous recent interest in residence time estimation to characterize watersheds, there are relatively few studies that have quantified residence time at the watershed scale, and fewer still that have extended those results beyond single catchments to larger landscape scales. We examined topographic controls on residence time for seven catchments (0.085–62.4 km2) that represent diverse geologic and geomorphic conditions in the western Cascade Mountains of Oregon. Our primary objective was to determine the dominant physical controls on catchment‐scale water residence time and specifically test the hypothesis that residence time is related to the size of the basin. Residence times were estimated by simple convolution models that described the transfer of precipitation isotopic composition to the stream network. We found that base flow mean residence times for exponential distributions ranged from 0.8 to 3.3 years. Mean residence time showed no correlation to basin area (r2 < 0.01) but instead was correlated (r2 = 0.91) to catchment terrain indices representing the flow path distance and flow path gradient to the stream network. These results illustrate that landscape organization (i.e., topography) rather than basin area controls catchment‐scale transport. Results from this study may provide a framework for describing scale‐invariant transport across climatic and geologic conditions, whereby the internal form and structure of the basin defines the first‐order control on base flow residence time.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2004WR003657","usgsCitation":"McGuire, K., McDonnell, J.J., Weiler, M., Kendall, C., McGlynn, B., Welker, J., and Seibert, J., 2005, The role of topography on catchment‐scale water residence time: Water Resources Research, v. 41, no. 5, Article W05002; 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2004WR003657.","productDescription":"Article W05002; 14 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237782,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-05-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baf9fe4b08c986b324929","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGuire, K.J.","contributorId":88943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDonnell, Jeffery J. 0000-0002-3880-3162","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3880-3162","contributorId":62723,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDonnell","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weiler, M.","contributorId":15003,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weiler","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kendall, C. 0000-0002-0247-3405","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-3405","contributorId":35050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McGlynn, B.L.","contributorId":106664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGlynn","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Welker, J.M.","contributorId":82868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welker","given":"J.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Seibert, J.","contributorId":37513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seibert","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70029368,"text":"70029368 - 2005 - Origin of secondary sulfate minerals on active andesitic stratovolcanoes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:52","indexId":"70029368","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Origin of secondary sulfate minerals on active andesitic stratovolcanoes","docAbstract":"Sulfate minerals in altered rocks on the upper flanks and summits of active andesitic stratovolcanoes result from multiple processes. The origin of these sulfates at five active volcanoes, Citlalte??petl (Mexico), and Mount Adams, Hood, Rainier, and Shasta (Cascade Range, USA), was investigated using field observations, petrography, mineralogy, chemical modeling, and stable-isotope data. The four general groups of sulfate minerals identified are: (1) alunite group, (2) jarosite group, (3) readily soluble Fe- and Al-hydroxysulfates, and (4) simple alkaline-earth sulfates such as anhydrite, gypsum, and barite. Generalized assemblages of spatially associated secondary minerals were recognized: (1) alunite+silica??pyrite??kaolinite?? gypsum??sulfur, (2) jarosite+alunite+silica; (3) jarosite+smectite+silica??pyrite, (4) Fe- and Al-hydroxysulfates+silica, and (5) simple sulfates+silica??Al-hydroxysulfates??alunite. Isotopic data verify that all sulfate and sulfide minerals and their associated alteration assemblages result largely from the introduction of sulfur-bearing magmatic gases into meteoric water in the upper levels of the volcanoes. The sulfur and oxygen isotopic data for all minerals indicate the general mixing of aqueous sulfate derived from deep (largely disproportionation of SO2 in magmatic vapor) and shallow (oxidation of pyrite or H2S) sources. The hydrogen and oxygen isotopic data of alunite indicate the mixing of magmatic and meteoric fluids. Some alunite-group minerals, along with kaolinite, formed from sulfuric acid created by the disproportionation of SO2 in a condensing magmatic vapor. Such alunite, observed only in those volcanoes whose interiors are exposed by erosion or edifice collapse, may have ??34S values that reflect equilibrium (350??50 ??C) between aqueous sulfate and H2S. Alunite with ??34S values indicating disequilibrium between parent aqueous sulfate and H2S may form from aqueous sulfate created in higher level low-temperature environments in which SO2 is scrubbed out by groundwater or where H2S is oxidized. Jarosite-group minerals associated with smectite in only slightly altered volcanic rock are formed largely from aqueous sulfate derived from supergene oxidation of hydrothermal pyrite above the water table. Soluble Al- and Fehydroxysulfates form in low-pH surface environments, especially around fumaroles, and from the oxidation of hydrothermal pyrite. Anhydrite/gypsum, often associated with native sulfur and occasionally with small amounts of barite, also commonly form around fumaroles. Some occurrences of anhydrite/gypsum may be secondary, derived from the dissolution and reprecipitation of soluble sulfate. Edifice collapse may also reveal deep veins of anhydrite/gypsum??barite that formed from the mixing of saline fluids with magmatic sulfate and dilute meteoric water. Alteration along structures associated with both hydrothermal and supergene sulfates, as well as the position of paleo-water tables, may be important factors in edifice collapse and resulting debris flows at some volcanoes. ?? 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.06.056","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Zimbelman, D.R., Rye, R.O., and Breit, G.N., 2005, Origin of secondary sulfate minerals on active andesitic stratovolcanoes: Chemical Geology, v. 215, no. 1-4 SPEC. ISS., p. 37-60, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.06.056.","startPage":"37","endPage":"60","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210453,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.06.056"},{"id":237374,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"215","issue":"1-4 SPEC. ISS.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a70f2e4b0c8380cd76362","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zimbelman, D. R.","contributorId":43768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimbelman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rye, R. O.","contributorId":66208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rye","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Breit, G. N.","contributorId":94664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breit","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029485,"text":"70029485 - 2005 - Atmospheric dry deposition in the vicinity of the Salton Sea, California - II: Measurement and effects of an enhanced evaporation system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:52","indexId":"70029485","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":924,"text":"Atmospheric Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Atmospheric dry deposition in the vicinity of the Salton Sea, California - II: Measurement and effects of an enhanced evaporation system","docAbstract":"A study was conducted to determine the effects of salt spray drift from pilot technologies employed by the US Bureau of Reclamation on deposition rates of various air-born ions. An enhanced evaporation system (EES) was tested in the field at the Salton Sea, California. Dry deposition of NO3-, NH4+, SO42-, Cl-, Ca2+, Na+, K+ and Se was assessed by using nylon filters and branches of natural vegetation exposed for one-week long periods. The simultaneous exposure of both lyophilized branches and branches of live plants offered important information highlighting the dynamics of deposited ions on vegetation. The EES significantly increased the deposition rates of Cl-, SO42- and Na+ in an area of about 639-1062 m surrounding the sprayers. Similarly, higher deposition of Ca 2+ and K+ caused by the EES was detected only when deposition was assessed using nylon filters or lyophilized branches. Deposition fluxes of NO3-, NH4+ and Se were not affected by the spraying system. Techniques for measuring dry deposition and calculating landscape-level depositional loads in non-forested systems need further development. ?? 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Atmospheric Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.04.017","issn":"13522310","usgsCitation":"Alonso, R., Bytnerowicz, A., Yee, J., and Boarman, W., 2005, Atmospheric dry deposition in the vicinity of the Salton Sea, California - II: Measurement and effects of an enhanced evaporation system: Atmospheric Environment, v. 39, no. 26, p. 4681-4689, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.04.017.","startPage":"4681","endPage":"4689","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210538,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.04.017"},{"id":237490,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"26","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eec1e4b0c8380cd49f24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alonso, R.","contributorId":74190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alonso","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bytnerowicz, A.","contributorId":30027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bytnerowicz","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yee, J.L.","contributorId":25496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yee","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boarman, W.I.","contributorId":73523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boarman","given":"W.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029482,"text":"70029482 - 2005 - River nutrient loads and catchment size","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:52","indexId":"70029482","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"River nutrient loads and catchment size","docAbstract":"We have used a total of 496 sample sites to calibrate a simple regression model for calculating dissolved inorganic nutrient fluxes via runoff to the ocean. The regression uses the logarithms of runoff and human population as the independent variables and estimates the logarithms of dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus loading with R 2 values near 0.8. This predictive capability is about the same as has been derived for total nutrient loading with process-based models requiring more detailed information on independent variables. We conclude that population and runoff are robust proxies for the more detailed application, landscape modification, and in-stream processing estimated by more process-based models. The regression model has then been applied to a demonstration data set of 1353 river catchments draining to the sea from the North American continent south of the Canadian border. The geographic extents of these basins were extracted from a 1-km digital elevation model for North America, and both runoff and population were estimated for each basin. Most of the basins (72% of the total) are smaller than 103 km2, and both runoff and population density are higher and more variable among small basins than among larger ones.While total load to the ocean can probably be adequately estimated from large systems only, analysis of the geographic distribution of nutrient loading requires consideration of the small basins, which can exhibit significant hydrologic and demographic heterogeneity between systems over their range even within the same geographic region. High-resolution regional and local analysis is necessary for environmental assessment and management. ?? Springer 2005.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biogeochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10533-004-6320-z","issn":"01682563","usgsCitation":"Smith, S.V., Swaney, D., Buddemeier, R., Scarsbrook, M., Weatherhead, M., Humborg, C., Eriksson, H., and Hannerz, F., 2005, River nutrient loads and catchment size: Biogeochemistry, v. 75, no. 1, p. 83-107, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-004-6320-z.","startPage":"83","endPage":"107","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210511,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10533-004-6320-z"},{"id":237451,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"75","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aadb4e4b0c8380cd86f60","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, S. V.","contributorId":89284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swaney, D.P.","contributorId":68956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swaney","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buddemeier, R. W.","contributorId":86492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buddemeier","given":"R. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Scarsbrook, M.R.","contributorId":16212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scarsbrook","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Weatherhead, M.A.","contributorId":55198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weatherhead","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Humborg, Christoph","contributorId":43964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Humborg","given":"Christoph","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Eriksson, H.","contributorId":67280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eriksson","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hannerz, F.","contributorId":53154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hannerz","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70029481,"text":"70029481 - 2005 - Mapping NEHRP VS30 site classes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:52","indexId":"70029481","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping NEHRP VS30 site classes","docAbstract":"Site-amplification potential in a 140-km2 area on the eastern shore of San Francisco Bay, California, was mapped with data from 210 seismic cone penetration test (SCPT) soundings. NEHRP VS30 values were computed on a 50-m grid by both taking into account the thickness and using mean values of locally measured shear-wave velocities of shallow geologic units. The resulting map of NEHRP VS30 site classes differs from other published maps that (1) do not include unit thickness and (2) are based on regional compilations of velocity. Although much of the area in the new map is now classified as NEHRP Site Class D, the velocities of the geologic deposits within this area are either near the upper or lower VS30 boundary of Class D. If maps of NEHRP site classes are to be based on geologic maps, velocity distributions of geologic units may need to be considered in the definition of VS30 boundaries of NEHRP site classes. ?? 2005, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earthquake Spectra","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1193/1.1895726","issn":"87552930","usgsCitation":"Holzer, T., Padovani, A., Bennett, M., Noce, T., and Tinsley, J.C., 2005, Mapping NEHRP VS30 site classes: Earthquake Spectra, v. 21, no. 2, p. 353-370, https://doi.org/10.1193/1.1895726.","startPage":"353","endPage":"370","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237450,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210510,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1895726"}],"volume":"21","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5047e4b0c8380cd6b591","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holzer, T.L.","contributorId":35739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holzer","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Padovani, A.C.","contributorId":53150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Padovani","given":"A.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bennett, M.J.","contributorId":67504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Noce, T.E.","contributorId":54285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noce","given":"T.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tinsley, J. C. III","contributorId":39777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tinsley","given":"J.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029480,"text":"70029480 - 2005 - Solute transport and storage mechanisms in wetlands of the Everglades, south Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T15:52:48","indexId":"70029480","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Solute transport and storage mechanisms in wetlands of the Everglades, south Florida","docAbstract":"Solute transport and storage processes in wetlands play an important role in biogeochemical cycling and in wetland water quality functions. In the wetlands of the Everglades, there are few data or guidelines to characterize transport through the heterogeneous flow environment. Our goal was to conduct a tracer study to help quantify solute exchange between the relatively fast flowing water in the open part of the water column and much more slowly moving water in thick floating vegetation and in the pore water of the underlying peat. We performed a tracer experiment that consisted of a constant‐rate injection of a sodium bromide (NaBr) solution for 22 hours into a 3 m wide, open‐ended flume channel in Everglades National Park. Arrival of the bromide tracer was monitored at an array of surface water and subsurface samplers for 48 hours at a distance of 6.8 m downstream of the injection. A one‐dimensional transport model was used in combination with an optimization code to identify the values of transport parameters that best explained the tracer observations. Parameters included dimensions and mass transfer coefficients describing exchange with both short (hours) and longer (tens of hours) storage zones as well as the average rates of advection and longitudinal dispersion in the open part of the water column (referred to as the “main flow zone”). Comparison with a more detailed set of tracer measurements tested how well the model's storage zones approximated the average characteristics of tracer movement into and out of the layer of thick floating vegetation and the pore water in the underlying peat. The rate at which the relatively fast moving water in the open water column was exchanged with slowly moving water in the layer of floating vegetation and in sediment pore water amounted to 50 and 3% h−1, respectively. Storage processes decreased the depth‐averaged velocity of surface water by 50% relative to the water velocity in the open part of the water column. As a result, flow measurements made with other methods that only work in the open part of the water column (e.g., acoustic Doppler) would have overestimated the true depth‐averaged velocity by a factor of 2. We hypothesize that solute exchange and storage in zones of floating vegetation and peat pore water increase contact time of solutes with biogeochemically active surfaces in this heterogeneous wetland environment.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2004WR003507","usgsCitation":"Harvey, J.W., Saiers, J.E., and Newlin, J.T., 2005, Solute transport and storage mechanisms in wetlands of the Everglades, south Florida: Water Resources Research, v. 41, no. 5, Article W05009; 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2004WR003507.","productDescription":"Article W05009; 14 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477753,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2004wr003507","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237419,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-05-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9254e4b08c986b319e4b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harvey, Judson W. 0000-0002-2654-9873 jwharvey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2654-9873","contributorId":1796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Judson","email":"jwharvey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":422911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Saiers, James E.","contributorId":191842,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saiers","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Newlin, Jessica T.","contributorId":87214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newlin","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029309,"text":"70029309 - 2005 - Mudstone sedimentation at high latitudes: Ice as a transport medium for mud and supplier of nutrients","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:55","indexId":"70029309","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2451,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Research","onlineIssn":"1938-3681","printIssn":"1527-1404","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mudstone sedimentation at high latitudes: Ice as a transport medium for mud and supplier of nutrients","docAbstract":"Controls on mudstone deposition at high latitudes are poorly known relative to low latitudes. In recent sediments deposited in these environments, ice significantly influences sediment transport and primary productivity. The products of ice transport are relatively well known in glacimarine settings, but are less well known from below melting sea ice. This latter setting is significant as today it is associated with high primary organic productivity. The aim of this study is to assess how sea ice might have controlled lithofacies variability and organic-matter distribution and preservation in an ancient marine, siliciclastic mudstone-dominated succession deposited at high latitudes. Combined sedimentary logging, optical and electron optical (back-scatte red electron imagery), geochemical, and isotopic methods were used to determine sample variability in forty-five samples collected from the Lower Cretaceous succession in the Mikkelsen Bay State #1 borehole (North Slope, Alaska). The succession overall fines upward and contains muddy sandstones and sand- and silt-bearing, clay-rich mudstones towards its base in contrast to clay-rich and clay-dominated mudstones towards its top. Some of the mudstone units exhibit thin (< 5 mm), relic-beds that fine upward weakly. In some units small (0.5 mm), bed-parallel silt-filled microburrows disrupt depositional laminae whereas in others pervasive burrowing completely obliterates original depositional textures. Many of the units are pelleted. These mudstones are unusual in that they contain minor but very striking outsize grains, composed of subrounded to rounded sand and granule-size material. In addition, they are good petroleum source rocks, with between 2.8 and 5.9 wt % total organic carbon, of predominantly Type II kerogen. The organic matter has an isotopic signature ranging from -25.4??? ??13C to -28.1??? ??13C. Thin tuffs (< 20 mm) and carbonate-cemented units are also present. Given the absence of significant polar ice in the Early Cretaceous the outsized grains are interpreted to have been deposited from a combination of melting, dirty anchor, and fast ice. The mud fraction, which forms the bulk of the sediment, is interpreted to have been deposited from melting, sediment-laden frazil ice, and fast ice. After deposition sediments were partially reworked by bottom currents generated by brine rejection during sea ice formation. Sympagic organisms, grazing on algae and bacteria both within and below the ice, pelleted the sediment. Bioturbation, which varies through the succession, indicates that sedimentation probably occurred beneath a predominantly oxic or dysoxic water column. In this setting productivity was fueled by nutrients released from melting sea ice in the marginal ice zone. The good petroleum source potential of these mudstones is attributed to high organic productivity coupled to episodic and rapid sedimentation rather than existence of bottom-water anoxia linked to upwelling. Because sea-ice rafting was probably the dominant sediment transport mechanism it is not appropriate to use sequence stratigraphic methodology to predict lithofacies variability in this environment. Copyright ?? 2005, SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Sedimentary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2110/jsr.2005.056","issn":"15271404","usgsCitation":"Macquaker, J., and Keller, M., 2005, Mudstone sedimentation at high latitudes: Ice as a transport medium for mud and supplier of nutrients: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 75, no. 4, p. 696-709, https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2005.056.","startPage":"696","endPage":"709","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210641,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2005.056"},{"id":237626,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"75","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-09-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5f8ae4b0c8380cd70ff5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Macquaker, J.H.S.","contributorId":74191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macquaker","given":"J.H.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keller, M.A.","contributorId":41008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keller","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029311,"text":"70029311 - 2005 - Circumpolar variation in morphological characteristics of Greater White-fronted Geese Anser albifrons","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-12T13:51:40","indexId":"70029311","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1052,"text":"Bird Study","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Circumpolar variation in morphological characteristics of Greater White-fronted Geese Anser albifrons","title":"Circumpolar variation in morphological characteristics of Greater White-fronted Geese Anser albifrons","docAbstract":"Capsule: Greater White-fronted Geese show significant variation in body size from sampling locations throughout their circumpolar breeding range. Aims: To determine the degree of geographical variation in body size of Greater White-fronted Geese and identify factors contributing to any apparent patterns in variation. Methods: Structural measures of >3000 geese from 16 breeding areas throughout the Holarctic breeding range of the species were compared statistically. Results: Palearctic forms varied clinally, and increased in size from the smallest forms on the Kanin and Taimyr peninsulas in western Eurasia to the largest forms breeding in the Anadyr Lowlands of eastern Chukotka. Clinal variation was less apparent in the Nearctic, as both the smallest form in the Nearctic and the largest form overall (the Tule Goose) were from different breeding areas in Alaska. The Tule Goose was 25% larger than the smallest form. Birds from Greenland (A. a. flavirostris) were the second largest, although only slightly larger than geese from several North American populations. Body size was not correlated with breeding latitude but was positively correlated with temperature on the breeding grounds, breeding habitat, and migration distance. Body mass of Greater White-fronted Geese from all populations remained relatively constant during the period of wing moult. Morphological distinctness of eastern and western Palearctic forms concurs with earlier findings of complete range disjunction. Conclusions: Patterns of morphological variation in Greater White-fronted Geese across the Holarctic can be generally attributed to adaptation to variable breeding environments, migration requirements, and phylo-geographical histories.
","language":"English","publisher":"British Trust for Ornithology","doi":"10.1080/00063650509461380","issn":"00063657","usgsCitation":"Ely, C.R., Fox, A., Alisauskas, R., Andreev, A., Bromley, R., Degtyarev, A.G., Ebbinge, B., Gurtovaya, E., Kerbes, R., Kondratyev, A.V., Kostin, I., Krechmar, A., Litvin, K., Miyabayashi, Y., Moou, J., Oates, R., Orthmeyer, D., Sabano, Y., Simpson, S.G., Solovieva, D., Spindler, M.A., Syroechkovsky, Y., Takekawa, J.Y., and Walsh, A., 2005, Circumpolar variation in morphological characteristics of Greater White-fronted Geese Anser albifrons: Bird Study, v. 52, no. 2, p. 104-119, https://doi.org/10.1080/00063650509461380.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"104","endPage":"119","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477879,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00063650509461380","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237663,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-03-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f608e4b0c8380cd4c56b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ely, Craig R. 0000-0003-4262-0892 cely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4262-0892","contributorId":3214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ely","given":"Craig","email":"cely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":422226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fox, A.D.","contributorId":22567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fox","given":"A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alisauskas, R.T.","contributorId":89645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alisauskas","given":"R.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Andreev, A.","contributorId":43707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andreev","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bromley, R.G.","contributorId":78682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bromley","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Degtyarev, Andrei G.","contributorId":13775,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Degtyarev","given":"Andrei","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":28156,"text":"Yakutsk Institute of Biology, Yakutsk, Russia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":422205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ebbinge, B.","contributorId":60840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebbinge","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gurtovaya, E.N.","contributorId":89335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gurtovaya","given":"E.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kerbes, R.","contributorId":35112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kerbes","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kondratyev, Alexander V.","contributorId":60160,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kondratyev","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Kostin, I.","contributorId":97694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kostin","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Krechmar, A.V.","contributorId":85389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krechmar","given":"A.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Litvin, K.E.","contributorId":27823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Litvin","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Miyabayashi, Y.","contributorId":10605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miyabayashi","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Moou, J.H.","contributorId":8280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moou","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Oates, R.M.","contributorId":76931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oates","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Orthmeyer, D.L.","contributorId":84684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orthmeyer","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Sabano, Yutaka","contributorId":71926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sabano","given":"Yutaka","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Simpson, S. Gay","contributorId":17184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simpson","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"Gay","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Solovieva, D.V.","contributorId":102263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solovieva","given":"D.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Spindler, Michael A.","contributorId":56811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spindler","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Syroechkovsky, Y.V.","contributorId":92866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Syroechkovsky","given":"Y.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":422215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Walsh, A.","contributorId":42776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24}]}} ,{"id":70029475,"text":"70029475 - 2005 - Movement patterns of rural and suburban white-tailed deer in Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:50","indexId":"70029475","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3669,"text":"Urban Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Movement patterns of rural and suburban white-tailed deer in Massachusetts","docAbstract":"We used satellite land cover data and the program FRAGSTATS toquantify land cover types and calculate the amount of forest edge available in suburban and rural regions of northeastern and northwestern Massachusetts. Cover categories included forest cover, open canopy vegetation, and non-deer habitat. We calculated all edge segments where forest cover abutted open canopy cover. Our open canopy vegetation category was calculated both with and without low intensity suburban development. We then compared these findings to movement data from 53 (13 males, 40 females) adult radio-marked white-tailed deerOdocoileus virginianusmonitored biweekly and diurnally from January 2001 to January 2003. The range of movements of suburban deer in eastern Massachusetts showed no difference to that of suburban deer in western Massachusetts (P = 0.7). However, the ranges for suburban deer in both eastern and western Massachusetts were 10 times less than those of deer in rural western Massachusetts (P = 0.001).Our findings suggest that landscape configuration, as described by the amount and distribution of edge due to suburban development, which is related to the amount and distribution of resources such as food and cover, affects migratory behavior of white-tailed deer, allowsdeer to have smaller ranges, and contributes to high deer densities.Inclusion of suburban edge in habitat models will increase our understanding of deer-habitat relationships for management of deer in urbanizing environments. ?? 2005 Springer Science + Business Media, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Urban Ecosystems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11252-005-3265-5","issn":"10838155","usgsCitation":"Gaughan, C., and DeStefano, S., 2005, Movement patterns of rural and suburban white-tailed deer in Massachusetts: Urban Ecosystems, v. 8, no. 2 SPEC. ISS., p. 191-202, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-005-3265-5.","startPage":"191","endPage":"202","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210871,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11252-005-3265-5"},{"id":237925,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"2 SPEC. ISS.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5f2fe4b0c8380cd70e0b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gaughan, C.R.","contributorId":60842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaughan","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeStefano, S.","contributorId":84309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeStefano","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029314,"text":"70029314 - 2005 - Microhabitat characteristics of Lapland Longspur, Calcarius lapponicus, nests at Cape Churchill, Manitoba","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-10T16:26:42.701142","indexId":"70029314","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1163,"text":"Canadian Field-Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Microhabitat characteristics of Lapland Longspur, Calcarius lapponicus, nests at Cape Churchill, Manitoba","title":"Microhabitat characteristics of Lapland Longspur, Calcarius lapponicus, nests at Cape Churchill, Manitoba","docAbstract":"We examined microsite characteristics at 21 Lapland Longspur (Calcarius lapponicus) nests and land cover types in which they occurred in Wapusk National Park, Cape Churchill, Manitoba. Nests were located in four of six physiographic-vegetation land-cover types. Regardless of land-cover type, all but one nest was built on a pressure ridge or mound. Nests were built midway between the bottom and top of ridges or mounds with steeper slopes than was randomly available. Longspur nests had a distinctive southwest orientation (P < 0.001). Longspurs selected nest sites that consisted of comparatively greater amounts of shrub species and lesser amounts of moss than were randomly available. Nests were generally well concealed by vegetation (mean = 67.0%) and concealment was negatively associated with amount of graminoid species at the nest (P = 0.0005). Our nesting habitat data may facilitate a better understanding of breeding Lapland Longspur habitat requirements, and potential impacts of habitat degradation by increasing Snow Goose (Chen caerulescens) populations in the study area.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ottawa Field-Naturalists' Club","doi":"10.22621/cfn.v119i2.108","usgsCitation":"Boal, C.W., and Andersen, D., 2005, Microhabitat characteristics of Lapland Longspur, Calcarius lapponicus, nests at Cape Churchill, Manitoba: Canadian Field-Naturalist, v. 119, no. 2, p. 208-213, https://doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v119i2.108.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"208","endPage":"213","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":486948,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v119i2.108","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237698,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","state":"Manitoba","otherGeospatial":"Cape Churchill","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.900146484375,\n 58.49369382056807\n ],\n [\n -92.735595703125,\n 58.49369382056807\n ],\n [\n -92.735595703125,\n 58.938673187948304\n ],\n [\n -93.900146484375,\n 58.938673187948304\n ],\n [\n -93.900146484375,\n 58.49369382056807\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"119","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-04-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5682e4b0c8380cd6d638","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boal, C. W.","contributorId":102614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boal","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andersen, D. E.","contributorId":27816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"D. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029458,"text":"70029458 - 2005 - Inland-directed base surge generated by the explosive interaction of pyroclastic flows and seawater at Soufrière Hills volcano, Montserrat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-04T13:01:11","indexId":"70029458","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inland-directed base surge generated by the explosive interaction of pyroclastic flows and seawater at Soufrière Hills volcano, Montserrat","docAbstract":"The largest and most intense lava-dome collapse during the eruption of Soufrière Hills volcano, Montserrat, 1995–2004, occurred 12–13 July 2003. The dome collapse involved around 200 × 106 m3 of material and was associated with a phenomenon previously unknown at this volcano. Large pyroclastic flows at the peak of the dome collapse interacted explosively with seawater at the mouth of the Tar River Valley and generated a hot, dry base surge that flowed 4 km inland and 300 m uphill. The surge was destructive to at least 25 m above the ground and it carbonized vegetation. The resulting two-layer deposits were as much as 0.9 m thick. Although the entire collapse lasted 18 h, the base surge greatly increased the land area affected by the dome collapse in a few minutes at the peak of the event, illustrating the complex nature of the interaction between pyroclastic flows and seawater.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/G21166.1","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Edmonds, M., and Herd, R.A., 2005, Inland-directed base surge generated by the explosive interaction of pyroclastic flows and seawater at Soufrière Hills volcano, Montserrat: Geology, v. 33, no. 4, p. 245-248, https://doi.org/10.1130/G21166.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"245","endPage":"248","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237673,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210678,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G21166.1"}],"volume":"33","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3bfae4b0c8380cd62989","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edmonds, Marie","contributorId":45991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edmonds","given":"Marie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herd, Richard A.","contributorId":95663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herd","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029318,"text":"70029318 - 2005 - Quantifying the rapid evolution of a nourishment project with video imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:50","indexId":"70029318","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying the rapid evolution of a nourishment project with video imagery","docAbstract":"Spatially and temporally high-resolution video imagery was combined with traditional surveyed beach profiles to investigate the evolution of a rapidly eroding beach nourishment project. Upham Beach is a 0.6-km beach located downdrift of a structured inlet on the west coast of Florida. The beach was stabilized in seaward advanced position during the 1960s and has been nourished every 4-5 years since 1975. During the 1996 nourishment project, 193,000 m 3 of sediment advanced the shoreline as much as 175 m. Video images were collected concurrent with traditional surveys during the 1996 nourishment project to test video imaging as a nourishment monitoring technique. Video imagery illustrated morphologic changes that were unapparent in survey data. Increased storminess during the second (El Nin??o) winter after the 1996 project resulted in increased erosion rates of 0.4 m/d (135.0 m/y) as compared with 0.2 m/d (69.4 m/y) during the first winter. The measured half-life, the time at which 50% of the nourished material remains, of the nourishment project was 0.94 years. A simple analytical equation indicates reasonable agreement with the measured values, suggesting that project evolution follows a predictable pattern of exponential decay. Long-shore planform equilibration does not occur on Upham Beach, rather sediment diffuses downdrift until 100% of the nourished material erodes. The wide nourished beach erodes rapidly due to the lack of sediment bypassing from the north and the stabilized headland at Upham Beach that is exposed to wave energy.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Coastal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2112/04-0280.1","issn":"07490208","usgsCitation":"Elko, N., Holman, R., and Gelfenbaum, G., 2005, Quantifying the rapid evolution of a nourishment project with video imagery: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 21, no. 4, p. 633-645, https://doi.org/10.2112/04-0280.1.","startPage":"633","endPage":"645","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210751,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2112/04-0280.1"},{"id":237769,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91ece4b0c8380cd8053e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elko, N.A.","contributorId":52391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elko","given":"N.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holman, R.A.","contributorId":73751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holman","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gelfenbaum, G.","contributorId":72429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gelfenbaum","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1015281,"text":"1015281 - 2005 - Movements and home ranges of mountain plovers raising broods in three Colorado landscapes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-27T10:53:06","indexId":"1015281","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3783,"text":"The Wilson Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-5643","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Movements and home ranges of mountain plovers raising broods in three Colorado landscapes","docAbstract":"We report movements and home-range sizes of adult Mountain Plovers (Charadrius montanus) with broods on rangeland, agricultural fields, and prairie dog habitats in eastern Colorado. Estimates of home range size (95% fixed kernel) were similar across the three habitats: rangeland (146.1 ha ± 101.5), agricultural fields (131.6 ha ± 74.4), and prairie dog towns (243.3 ha ± 366.3). Our minimum convex polygon estimates of home-range size were comparable to those on rangeland reported by Knopf and Rupert (1996). In addition, movements—defined as the distance between consecutive locations of adults with broods—were equivalent across habitats. However, our findings on prairie dog habitat suggest that home-range size for brood rearing may be related to whether the prairie dog habitat is in a complex of towns or in an isolated town.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wilson Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1676/03-116","usgsCitation":"Dreitz, V., Wunder, M., and Knopf, F., 2005, Movements and home ranges of mountain plovers raising broods in three Colorado landscapes: The Wilson Bulletin, v. 117, no. 2, p. 128-132, https://doi.org/10.1676/03-116.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"128","endPage":"132","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477847,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1676/03-116","text":"External Repository"},{"id":132700,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"117","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b02e4b07f02db698c3a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dreitz, V.J.","contributorId":65432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dreitz","given":"V.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wunder, Michael B.","contributorId":65406,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wunder","given":"Michael B.","affiliations":[{"id":6674,"text":"Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":322749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knopf, F.L.","contributorId":26998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knopf","given":"F.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029365,"text":"70029365 - 2005 - Watershed-based survey designs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-11T09:54:06","indexId":"70029365","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Watershed-based survey designs","docAbstract":"Watershed-based sampling design and assessment tools help serve the multiple goals for water quality monitoring required under the Clean Water Act, including assessment of regional conditions to meet Section 305(b), identification of impaired water bodies or watersheds to meet Section 303(d), and development of empirical relationships between causes or sources of impairment and biological responses. Creation of GIS databases for hydrography, hydrologically corrected digital elevation models, and hydrologic derivatives such as watershed boundaries and upstream–downstream topology of subcatchments would provide a consistent seamless nationwide framework for these designs. The elements of a watershed-based sample framework can be represented either as a continuous infinite set defined by points along a linear stream network, or as a discrete set of watershed polygons. Watershed-based designs can be developed with existing probabilistic survey methods, including the use of unequal probability weighting, stratification, and two-stage frames for sampling. Case studies for monitoring of Atlantic Coastal Plain streams, West Virginia wadeable streams, and coastal Oregon streams illustrate three different approaches for selecting sites for watershed-based survey designs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10661-005-4774-7","issn":"01676369","usgsCitation":"Detenbeck, N., Cincotta, D., Denver, J.M., Greenlee, S., Olsen, A., and Pitchford, A., 2005, Watershed-based survey designs: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 103, no. 1, p. 59-81, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-005-4774-7.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"59","endPage":"81","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":210839,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-005-4774-7"},{"id":237881,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"103","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcf87e4b08c986b32e95a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Detenbeck, N.E.","contributorId":7073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Detenbeck","given":"N.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cincotta, D.","contributorId":48753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cincotta","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Denver, J. M.","contributorId":100356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denver","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Greenlee, S.K.","contributorId":38353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greenlee","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Olsen, A.R.","contributorId":98089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pitchford, A.M.","contributorId":75593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitchford","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70029459,"text":"70029459 - 2005 - The onset of metamorphism in ordinary and carbonaceous chondrites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-27T15:37:26.495123","indexId":"70029459","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2715,"text":"Meteoritics and Planetary Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The onset of metamorphism in ordinary and carbonaceous chondrites","docAbstract":"Ordinary and carbonaceous chondrites of the lowest petrologic types were surveyed by X-ray mapping techniques. A variety of metamorphic effects were noted and subjected to detailed analysis using electron microprobe, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and cathodoluminescence (CL) methods. The distribution of Cr in FeO-rich olivine systematically changes as metamorphism increases between type 3.0 and type 3.2. Igneous zoning patterns are replaced by complex ones and Cr-rich coatings develop on all grains. Cr distributions in olivine are controlled by the exsolution of a Cr-rich phase, probably chromite. Cr in olivine may have been partly present as tetrahedrally coordinated Cr3+. Separation of chromite is nearly complete by petrologic type 3.2. The abundance of chondrules showing an inhomogeneous distribution of alkalis in mesostasis also increases with petrologic type. TEM shows this to be the result of crystallization of albite. Residual glass compositions systematically change during metamorphism, becoming increasingly rich in K. Glass in type I chondrules also gains alkalis during metamorphism. Both types of chondrules were open to an exchange of alkalis with opaque matrix and other chondrules. The matrix in the least metamorphosed chondrites is rich in S and Na. The S is lost from the matrix at the earliest stages of metamorphism due to coalescence of minute grains. Progressive heating also results in the loss of sulfides from chondrule rims and increases sulfide abundances in coarse matrix assemblages as well as inside chondrules. Alkalis initially leave the matrix and enter chondrules during early metamorphism. Feldspar subsequently nucleates in the matrix and Na re-enters from chondrules. These metamorphic trends can be used to refine classification schemes for chondrites. Cr distributions in olivine are a highly effective tool for assigning petrologic types to the most primitive meteorites and can be used to subdivide types 3.0 and 3.1 into types 3.00 through 3.15. On this basis, the most primitive ordinary chondrite known is Semarkona, although even this meteorite has experienced a small amount of metamorphism. Allan Hills (ALH) A77307 is the least metamorphosed CO chondrite and shares many properties with the ungrouped carbonaceous chondrite Acfer 094. Analytical problems are significant for glasses in type II chondrules, as Na is easily lost during microprobe analysis. As a result, existing schemes for chondrule classification that are based on the alkali content of glasses need to be revised.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1945-5100.2005.tb00366.x","usgsCitation":"Grossman, J.N., and Brearley, A.J., 2005, The onset of metamorphism in ordinary and carbonaceous chondrites: Meteoritics and Planetary Science, v. 40, no. 1, p. 87-122, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1945-5100.2005.tb00366.x.","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"122","numberOfPages":"36","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477719,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1945-5100.2005.tb00366.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237708,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-01-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bae54e4b08c986b324003","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grossman, Jeffrey N. 0000-0001-9099-9628","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9099-9628","contributorId":37317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grossman","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brearley, Adrian J.","contributorId":211911,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brearley","given":"Adrian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36307,"text":"University of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":422826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70170841,"text":"70170841 - 2005 - Genotyping of the fish rhabdovirus, viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus, by restriction fragment length polymorphisms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-03T16:36:31","indexId":"70170841","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3685,"text":"Veterinary Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genotyping of the fish rhabdovirus, viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus, by restriction fragment length polymorphisms","docAbstract":"The aim of this study was to develop a standardized molecular assay that used limited resources and equipment for routine genotyping of isolates of the fish rhabdovirus, viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV). Computer generated restriction maps, based on 62 unique full-length (1524 nt) sequences of the VHSV glycoprotein (G) gene, were used to predict restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns that were subsequently grouped and compared with a phylogenetic analysis of the G-gene sequences of the same set of isolates. Digestion of PCR amplicons from the full-lengthG-gene by a set of three restriction enzymes was predicted to accurately enable the assignment of the VHSV isolates into the four major genotypes discovered to date. Further sub-typing of the isolates into the recently described sub-lineages of genotype I was possible by applying three additional enzymes. Experimental evaluation of the method consisted of three steps: (i) RT-PCR amplification of the G-gene of VHSV isolates using purified viral RNA as template, (ii) digestion of the PCR products with a panel of restriction endonucleases and (iii) interpretation of the resulting RFLP profiles. The RFLP analysis was shown to approximate the level of genetic discrimination obtained by other, more labour-intensive, molecular techniques such as the ribonuclease protection assay or sequence analysis. In addition, 37 previously uncharacterised isolates from diverse sources were assigned to specific genotypes. While the assay was able to distinguish between marine and continental isolates of VHSV, the differences did not correlate with the pathogenicity of the isolates.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2004.12.008","usgsCitation":"Einer-Jensen, K., Winton, J., and Lorenzen, N., 2005, Genotyping of the fish rhabdovirus, viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus, by restriction fragment length polymorphisms: Veterinary Microbiology, v. 106, no. 3-4, p. 167-178, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2004.12.008.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"167","endPage":"178","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320936,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"106","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5729cbb3e4b0b13d3919a355","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Einer-Jensen, Katja","contributorId":169001,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Einer-Jensen","given":"Katja","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Winton, James R. jwinton@usgs.gov","contributorId":150220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"James R.","email":"jwinton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":628650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lorenzen, Niels","contributorId":23041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenzen","given":"Niels","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029111,"text":"70029111 - 2005 - Complex channel responses to changes in stream flow and sediment supply on the lower Duchesne River, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:55","indexId":"70029111","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Complex channel responses to changes in stream flow and sediment supply on the lower Duchesne River, Utah","docAbstract":"Channel responses to flow depletions in the lower Duchesne River over the past 100 years have been highly complex and variable in space and time. In general, sand-bed reaches adjusted to all perturbations with bed-level changes, whereas the gravel-bed reaches adjusted primarily through width changes. Gravel-bed reaches aggraded only when gravel was supplied to the channel through local bank erosion and degraded only during extreme flood events. A 50% reduction in stream flow and an increase in fine sediment supply to the study area occurred in the first third of the 20th century. The gravel-bed reach responded primarily with channel narrowing, whereas bed aggradation and four large-scale avulsions occurred in the sand-bed reaches. These avulsions almost completely replaced a section of sinuous channel about 14 km long with a straighter section about 7 km long. The most upstream avulsion, located near a break in valley slope and the transition from a gravel bed upstream and a sand bed downstream, transformed a sinuous sand-bed reach into a braided gravel-bed reach and eventually into a meandering gravel-bed reach over a 30-year period. Later, an increase in flood magnitudes and durations caused widening and secondary bed aggradation in the gravel-bed reaches, whereas the sand-bed reaches incised and narrowed. Water diversions since the 1950s have progressively eliminated moderate flood events, whereas larger floods have been less affected. The loss of frequent flooding has increased the duration and severity of drought periods during which riparian vegetation can establish along the channel margins. As a result, the channel has gradually narrowed throughout the study area since the late 1960s, despite the occasional occurrence of large floods. No tributaries enter the Duchesne River within the study area, so all reaches have experienced identical changes in stream flow and upstream sediment supply. ?? 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geomorphology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2004.06.007","issn":"0169555X","usgsCitation":"Gaeuman, D., Schmidt, J.C., and Wilcock, P., 2005, Complex channel responses to changes in stream flow and sediment supply on the lower Duchesne River, Utah: Geomorphology, v. 64, no. 3-4, p. 185-206, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2004.06.007.","startPage":"185","endPage":"206","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210443,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2004.06.007"},{"id":237360,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f90de4b0c8380cd4d3d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gaeuman, D.","contributorId":73807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaeuman","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmidt, J. C.","contributorId":60245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilcock, P.R.","contributorId":36709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilcock","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029321,"text":"70029321 - 2005 - Thiamine content and thiaminase activity of ten freshwater stocks and one marine stock of alewives","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-02T14:36:14","indexId":"70029321","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2177,"text":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thiamine content and thiaminase activity of ten freshwater stocks and one marine stock of alewives","docAbstract":"Alewives Alosa pseudoharengus contain thiaminase activity that has been implicated in the development of a thiamine deficiency and associated effects in salmonines of the Great Lakes basin. Little is known about the factors that regulate thiaminase activity in alewives. We sampled alewives of uniform size (60-120 mm) during the summer of 1998 from the Gulf of St. Lawrence, seven of New York's Finger Lakes, one inland lake in Ontario, and two Great Lakes to assess possible relationships among thiamine, lipid content, fish abundance, lake morphometry, lake productivity, freshwater residency, and thiaminase activity. Thiaminase activity varied significantly among the 11 locations but was unrelated to thiamine concentration, which did not vary significantly. Alewife thiaminase activity in the Finger Lakes was negatively related to lipid content and positively related to measures of lake size (e.g., area, volume, and maximum depth). Activity in the one marine stock sampled in the Gulf of St. Lawrence was comparable to the highest values observed in the 10 freshwater stocks examined. Variation in alewife thiaminase activity has the potential to affect the extent of a thiamine deficiency associated with salmonines who feed on alewives as well as the viability of their offspring.
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