Lepidoptera have long been known to feed on the tears of vertebrates as a presumed source of minerals or nutrients. While this unusual behavior has been observed in a variety of species, only a single previous record has been documented outside of the tropics. Here, we present the first documentation of moths visiting the eyes of a bull moose (Alces americanus americanus), captured via trail camera in Green Mountain National Forest, Vermont, United States. We discuss the biogeography of this behavior, how it may differ between tropical and temperate climates, and its potential impact on moose health.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70422","usgsCitation":"Clarfeld, L.A., Gieder, K.D., Donovan, T.M., 2025, Observations of tear-drinking by lepidopterans on moose (Alces alces americana) in northeastern North America: Ecosphere, v. 16, no. 11, e70422, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70422.","productDescription":"e70422, 5 p.","ipdsId":"IP-178676","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500583,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70422","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":500379,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Green Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.01538730171357,\n 44.68744433112053\n ],\n [\n -73.01538730171357,\n 43.41791271615742\n ],\n [\n -72.60965552163997,\n 43.41791271615742\n ],\n [\n -72.60965552163997,\n 44.68744433112053\n ],\n [\n -73.01538730171357,\n 44.68744433112053\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clarfeld, Laurence A.","contributorId":366633,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clarfeld","given":"Laurence","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13253,"text":"University of Vermont","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gieder, Katherina D.","contributorId":366634,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gieder","given":"Katherina","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":39587,"text":"Vermont Department of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Donovan, Therese M. 0000-0001-8124-9251 tdonovan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8124-9251","contributorId":204296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donovan","given":"Therese","email":"tdonovan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70272457,"text":"70272457 - 2025 - Modeling the influence of upper and lower shoreface dynamics on barrier island evolution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-21T18:40:17.973359","indexId":"70272457","displayToPublicDate":"2025-11-20T12:37:45","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7357,"text":"JGR Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling the influence of upper and lower shoreface dynamics on barrier island evolution","docAbstract":"Barrier island resilience to climate impacts depends on sediment redistribution between the subaqueous shoreface and subaerial barrier during sea-level rise and storms. However, autogenic interactions between the upper and lower shoreface and their influence on the subaerial barrier are poorly characterized. Here, we explore the influences of various shoreface components on barrier morphology using a model of barrier and shoreface evolution under sea-level rise, the Articulated Barrier Shoreface (ABSF) Model. This reduced-complexity model divides the shoreface into upper and lower shoreface panels that respond independently to sea-level rise and deviations from the equilibrium slope. We couple the ABSF with the Lorenzo-Trueba & Ashton, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013jf002941 model (LTA), a barrier island evolution model driven by overwash and sea-level rise. Through this coupled framework, we examine the influences of upper and lower shoreface slopes, their respective depths, and sensitivity to wave climate on long-term barrier evolution. Results show that the relative depths of the upper and lower shoreface toes influence barrier response to rising seas, alongside overwash flux and closure depth. Notably, the lower shoreface response to sea-level change lags that of the upper shoreface over decades, diminishing the resilience of the barrier over centennial timescales by slowing the overall barrier response. In fact, the ABSF model predicts barriers will drown faster and more than predicted with a linear shoreface. Results highlight the shoreface as an important sediment reservoir for barrier islands and that differences in upper and lower shoreface responses can reduce barrier resilience to sea-level rise due to limited lower shoreface sediment accessibility.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025JF008391","usgsCitation":"Palermo, R.E., Miselis, J.L., Ciarletta, D.J., and Wei, E., 2025, Modeling the influence of upper and lower shoreface dynamics on barrier island evolution: JGR Earth Surface, v. 130, no. 11, e2025JF008391, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JF008391.","productDescription":"e2025JF008391, 22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-176281","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496926,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025jf008391","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496791,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"130","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Palermo, Rose Elizabeth 0000-0002-7438-361X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7438-361X","contributorId":300046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palermo","given":"Rose","email":"","middleInitial":"Elizabeth","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miselis, Jennifer L. 0000-0002-4925-3979 jmiselis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4925-3979","contributorId":3914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miselis","given":"Jennifer","email":"jmiselis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ciarletta, Daniel J. 0000-0002-8555-2239","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8555-2239","contributorId":256700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ciarletta","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wei, Emily A","contributorId":290630,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wei","given":"Emily A","affiliations":[{"id":62462,"text":"University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70272190,"text":"pp1890I - 2025 - Spatio-temporal evolution of distributed volcanic fields, case studies—Sierra Chichinautzin and Michoacán-Guanajuato, México","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70272190,"text":"pp1890I - 2025 - Spatio-temporal evolution of distributed volcanic fields, case studies—Sierra Chichinautzin and Michoacán-Guanajuato, México","indexId":"pp1890I","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"chapter":"I","displayTitle":"Spatio-Temporal Evolution of Distributed Volcanic Fields, Case Studies—Sierra Chichinautzin and Michoacán-Guanajuato, México","title":"Spatio-temporal evolution of distributed volcanic fields, case studies—Sierra Chichinautzin and Michoacán-Guanajuato, México"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70259456,"text":"pp1890 - 2024 - Distributed volcanism—Characteristics, processes, and hazards","indexId":"pp1890","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"title":"Distributed volcanism—Characteristics, processes, and hazards"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70259456,"text":"pp1890 - 2024 - Distributed volcanism—Characteristics, processes, and hazards","indexId":"pp1890","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"title":"Distributed volcanism—Characteristics, processes, and hazards"},"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-03T16:35:11.775005","indexId":"pp1890I","displayToPublicDate":"2025-11-20T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1890","chapter":"I","displayTitle":"Spatio-Temporal Evolution of Distributed Volcanic Fields, Case Studies—Sierra Chichinautzin and Michoacán-Guanajuato, México","title":"Spatio-temporal evolution of distributed volcanic fields, case studies—Sierra Chichinautzin and Michoacán-Guanajuato, México","docAbstract":"An analysis of 1,375 volcanoes in the Michoacán-Guanajuato (1,148 volcanoes in a 26,200 square-kilometer area) and Sierra Chichinautzin (227 volcanoes in a 3,500 square-kilometer area) volcanic fields in central Mexico identified patterns in the spatial and temporal distribution of past eruptions. A cluster agglomerative hierarchical method and kernel analysis confirmed that the Michoacán-Guanajuato volcanic field comprises four volcanic fields (Valle de Santiago, Uruapan, Apatzingán, and Pátzcuaro volcanic fields) controlled by different fault systems, indicating that it is not a single volcanic field but rather a group of volcanic fields (a “superfield”), each of which has distinct characteristics.
In the Sierra Chichinautzin volcanic field, well-constrained isotopic ages were used to build a model of how the spatial distribution of the eruptions has changed over time. Two new 40Ar/39Ar ages from a locally recognized volcanic feature near the town of El Cantil, herein called El Cantil volcano (1,537±17 kilo-annum [ka]) and the volcanic feature at Cerro el Elefante (herein called El Elefante dome) (1,485±92 ka) belong to the oldest volcanic group identified in the Sierra Chichinautzin volcanic field, confirming the timing of the beginning of monogenetic volcanism in the region. Based on the volcanic groups identified in the Sierra Chichinautzin volcanic field, the youngest volcanism (less than 35 ka) is found only in the central-western sector of the field. Principal component analysis determined the directional trends of feeder dikes only for vents <10 ka in the Sierra Chichinautzin volcanic field. Possible magma migration paths through the crust were identified using seismic data from both volcanic fields using an earthquake catalog from 1973 to 2023, which includes 9,016 earthquakes in the Michoacán-Guanajuato volcanic field and 841 in the Sierra Chichinautzin volcanic field. The spatial distribution of the hypocenters does not highlight any trend that could be associated with superficial movement of magma in the Sierra Chichinautzin volcanic field. In the Michoacán-Guanajuato volcanic field, however, eight seismic swarms since 1997 have been detected. These swarms are interpreted to result from ascending magma. Strengthening monitoring systems and reinforcing mitigation measures to address volcanic hazards and risk are important means of preparing for future eruptions in both regions. Analysis such as those herein provide insights as to where an eruption might occur and may help mitigate volcanic hazards.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1890I","usgsCitation":"Jaimes-Viera, C., Nieto-Torres, A., Martin Del Pozzo, A.L., Germa, A., Connor, C., Ort, M., Layer, P., and Benowitz, J., 2025, Spatio-Temporal Evolution of Distributed Volcanic Fields, Case Studies—Sierra Chichinautzin and Michoacán-Guanajuato, México, chap. I of Poland, M.P., Ort, M.H., Stovall, W.K., Vaughan, G.R., Conner, C.B., and Rumpf, M.E., eds., Distributed volcanism—Characteristics, processes, and hazards: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1890, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1890I.","productDescription":"Report: v, 28 p.; 3 Tables","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-157952","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496700,"rank":7,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1890/i/pp1890I.XML"},{"id":496699,"rank":6,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1890/i/images"},{"id":496625,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1890/i/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":496626,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1890/i/pp1890I.pdf","text":"Report","size":"7.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Professional Paper 1890-I"},{"id":496629,"rank":3,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1890/i/PP1890I_supptable1A.csv","text":"Table 1A","size":"12.0 KB","linkFileType":{"id":7,"text":"csv"},"description":"Professional Paper 1890-I, Table 1A","linkHelpText":"Radiometric (14C and 40Ar/39Ar) ages from volcanoes from Sierra Chichinautzin volcanic field"},{"id":496632,"rank":4,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1890/i/PP1890I_supptable1B.csv","text":"Table 1B","size":"12.0 KB","linkFileType":{"id":7,"text":"csv"},"description":"Professional Paper 1890-I, Table 1B","linkHelpText":"Estimated and calibrated ages from the volcanoes from Sierra Chichinautzin volcanic field"},{"id":496633,"rank":5,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1890/i/PP1890I_supptable2.csv","text":"Table 2","size":"80.0 KB","linkFileType":{"id":7,"text":"csv"},"description":"Professional Paper 1890-I, Table 2","linkHelpText":"Location, h/wb ratio and age of main cones in Michoacán-Guanajuato and Sierra Chichinautzin volcanic fields"},{"id":497260,"rank":8,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/pp1890I/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"Professional Paper 1890-I"}],"country":"Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Michoacán-Guanajuato, Sierra Chichinautzin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.667,\n 19.333\n ],\n [\n -99.667,\n 18.833\n ],\n [\n -98.5,\n 18.833\n ],\n [\n -98.5,\n 19.333\n ],\n [\n -99.667,\n 19.333\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104,\n 20.6\n ],\n [\n -104,\n 19\n ],\n [\n -100,\n 19\n ],\n [\n -100,\n 20.6\n ],\n [\n -104,\n 20.6\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Volcano Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1300 SE Cardinal Court Bldg. 10
Vancouver, WA 98683
Rare earth elements (REEs) are a scarce but vital resource for our modern economies and lifestyles. Since the late 1990s, China has supplied the vast majority of the world’s refined REEs. Increasing global demand has broadened the search for REE deposits to unconventional places, including the Moon. Although most lunar rocks have very low REE concentrations, Apollo samples showed that one type of lunar rock containing potassium (K), REEs, and phosphorus (P)—known by the acronym KREEP—has high concentrations of REEs. Data from orbiting satellites have identified locations where substantial deposits of KREEP are likely. The viability of mining these deposits depends on the evolution of REE economics, the development of the Earth-Moon infrastructure, and the findings from future lunar mineral exploration missions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20253049","usgsCitation":"Keszthelyi, L.P., Coyan, J.A., Pigue, L.M., Bennett, K.A., and Gabriel, T.S.J., 2025, Rare earth elements on the Moon: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2025-3049, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20253049.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-177188","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496650,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2025/3049/fs20253049.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2025-3049 PDF"},{"id":496649,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2025/3049/coverthb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"the Moon","contact":"Astrogeology Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2255 N. Gemini Dr.
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
Plasticity of diel activity rhythms may be a key element for adaptations of wildlife populations to changing environmental conditions. In the last decades, grizzly bears Ursus arctos in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE) have experienced notable environmental fluctuations, including changes in availability of food sources and severe droughts. Although substantial research has been conducted on grizzly bear diets, space use, and demographic parameters, studies on factors that may influence their diel activity patterns are lacking. We investigated diel activity of grizzly bears in the GYE as a function of anthropogenic landscape modification, maximum daily ambient temperature, drought severity, and bear density. Specifically, we used accelerometry readings of 169 bears (39 females, 130 males) from 2009 to 2022 to compute three complementary activity measures, hourly intensity of activity, daily active minutes, and active bout length, each used as a response variable within a Bayesian modeling framework. Grizzly bears generally exhibited bimodal diel activity, with crepuscular peaks and slight variations across seasons. Females with young (i.e. cubs or yearlings) were an exception, with more pronounced diurnal activity patterns, possibly as a strategy to avoid infanticide by dominant males. Landscape modification and maximum ambient temperature were the factors most strongly associated with activity patterns of grizzly bears, with greater nocturnality observed in lone females and males as these factors increased. Females with young were comparatively less affected. The GYE is changing because of increasing land development, human recreation pressures, and effects of climate change. Given their greater diurnal activity compared with other cohorts, female grizzly bears with dependent offspring may be more constrained in their ability to modify activity patterns. Our findings add to a growing body of research emphasizing the importance of the temporal dimension of wildlife behavior as a critical factor in assessing species adaptability and vulnerability in a changing world.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nordic Society Oikos","doi":"10.1002/oik.11851","usgsCitation":"Donatelli, A., Haroldson, M., Clapp, J.G., Ciucci, P., and van Manen, F.T., 2025, Bioclimatic, demographic, and anthropogenic correlates of grizzly bear activity patterns in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem: Oikos, https://doi.org/10.1002/oik.11851.","ipdsId":"IP-179581","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497083,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/oik.11851","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496987,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.3187629306571,\n 45.33972157168918\n ],\n [\n -112.3187629306571,\n 42.05504689696562\n ],\n [\n -108.71329990703327,\n 42.05504689696562\n ],\n [\n -108.71329990703327,\n 45.33972157168918\n ],\n [\n -112.3187629306571,\n 45.33972157168918\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Online First","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Donatelli, A.","contributorId":358394,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Donatelli","given":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":81866,"text":"University of Rome La Sapienza","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haroldson, Mark 0000-0002-7457-7676","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7457-7676","contributorId":316737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haroldson","given":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clapp, Justin G.","contributorId":363181,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clapp","given":"Justin","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":36596,"text":"Wyoming Game and Fish Department","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ciucci, P.","contributorId":358405,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ciucci","given":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":81866,"text":"University of Rome La Sapienza","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"van Manen, Frank T. 0000-0001-5340-8489 fvanmanen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5340-8489","contributorId":2267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Manen","given":"Frank","email":"fvanmanen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70274532,"text":"70274532 - 2025 - Quantifying floodplain forest community change following large-scale flood events in the Upper Mississippi River System","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-01T16:26:53.395861","indexId":"70274532","displayToPublicDate":"2025-11-20T09:20:20","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying floodplain forest community change following large-scale flood events in the Upper Mississippi River System","docAbstract":"Effects of large-scale flooding on forest composition and structure are a function of flood duration, depth, timing, and frequency. Throughout the Upper Mississippi River System (UMRS), floods in 1993 and 2019 were record-setting events followed by high rates of tree mortality. These events generated interest in species adaptations to flood event characteristics and how forest communities have changed in response to large-scale floods. We investigated associated tree mortality, how the floods differed spatially, and how floodplain forest communities have changed since 1993. Eight UMRS reaches were surveyed in a 1995 study, documenting vegetation species composition, size, and abundance. In 2021, a selection of plots (63%) were revisited and surveyed to quantify 2019 flood effects. For each site, we extracted daily inundation data for flood years and preceding decades from a surface water inundation model. We found post-flood mortality varied spatially and generally reflected inundation duration patterns. Lower latitude reaches experienced longer inundation durations and greater tree mortality in 1993 than in 2019, while higher latitude reaches experienced similar inundation duration and depth and similar mortality between events. Decadal inundation attributes also differed. During 2009–2018, inundation duration was greater and events occurred later than during 1983–1992 in all reaches. Most forest trajectories were Acer saccharinum-dominated and changed relatively little in species composition and structure. The greatest change in composition occurred at plots with high mortality from the 1993 flood, particularly in more flood-prone locations or where there were many small-diameter individuals. In plots dominated by either Quercus spp. or Populus deltoides, species importance shifted toward more shade and flood-tolerant species after 1995 surveys. Self-replacement of these species may be limited by a change in regeneration conditions resulting from an ongoing inundation regime shift in the case of Quercus spp., or succession to more shade-tolerant species in the case of Populus communities. Overall, effects on floodplain forests from the two flood events were heterogeneous. In some cases, forest change was likely just as influenced by shifts in flood regime as it was from singular flood events.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70440","usgsCitation":"Weiss, S.A., Guyon, L.J., De Jager, N.R., Cosgriff, R.J., and Van Appledorn, M., 2025, Quantifying floodplain forest community change following large-scale flood events in the Upper Mississippi River System: Ecosphere, v. 16, no. 11, e70440, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70440.","productDescription":"e70440, 25 p.","ipdsId":"IP-168280","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502048,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70440","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":501951,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Upper Mississippi River System","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.95959025406495,\n 44.864528650415735\n ],\n [\n -91.03900071075344,\n 42.05364635279252\n ],\n [\n -91.77356103532435,\n 40.00507367513167\n ],\n [\n -90.02194205702455,\n 36.004010100510584\n ],\n [\n -88.88384187139445,\n 36.26259089451513\n ],\n [\n -90.52583463005158,\n 39.94132189789401\n ],\n [\n -89.73636511669805,\n 42.189192561781\n ],\n [\n -91.24649150402311,\n 45.075229707941105\n ],\n [\n -92.95959025406495,\n 44.864528650415735\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weiss, Shelby A.","contributorId":368922,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weiss","given":"Shelby","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":55549,"text":"National Great Rivers Research and Education Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guyon, Lyle J.","contributorId":215690,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guyon","given":"Lyle","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36894,"text":"Illinois Natural History Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"De Jager, Nathan R. 0000-0002-6649-4125 ndejager@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6649-4125","contributorId":3717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Jager","given":"Nathan","email":"ndejager@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cosgriff, Robert J.","contributorId":215692,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cosgriff","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Van Appledorn, Molly 0000-0002-8029-0014","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8029-0014","contributorId":205785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Appledorn","given":"Molly","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70272760,"text":"70272760 - 2025 - Structural controls on splay fault rupture dynamics during Cascadia megathrust earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-08T16:27:04.053909","indexId":"70272760","displayToPublicDate":"2025-11-20T09:20:07","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7751,"text":"AGU Advances","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structural controls on splay fault rupture dynamics during Cascadia megathrust earthquakes","docAbstract":"Great subduction earthquakes (Mw ≥ 8.0) can generate devastating tsunamis by rapidly displacing the seafloor and overlying water column. These potentially tsunamigenic seafloor offsets result from coseismic fault slip and deformation beneath or within the accretionary wedge. The mechanics of these shallow rupture phenomena and their dependence on subduction zone properties remain unresolved, partly due to the sparsity of offshore observations of shallow megathrust earthquake deformation. Here, we analyze how offshore structure influences shallow rupture mechanics and slip partitioning using 3D dynamic earthquake simulations of the Cascadia subduction zone (CSZ) megathrust with and without variably dipping seaward- or landward-vergent splay faults in the wedge that sole into the megathrust. Resulting tradeoffs between splay and megathrust slip reveal structural controls on rupture partitioning, with greater splay slip leading to less shallow megathrust slip updip. Gently dipping and seaward-vergent splays host more slip than those with steeper, landward-vergent splays. To isolate the underlying mechanisms, we compare models with Andersonian and plunging principal stresses. Results suggest distinct static and dynamic processes control the dip- and vergence-dependence of splay rupture: static (mis)alignment relative to far-field tectonic loading favors slip on more optimally oriented, shallowly dipping splay faults. In contrast, dynamic stress interactions of an updip-propagating megathrust rupture front with the free surface and potential branch faults favor forward branching onto seaward-vergent splays and inhibit backward branching onto landward-vergent splays. Resulting seafloor displacements suggest splay fault structure may influence coseismic tsunami source processes, highlighting the importance of dynamically viable rupture scenarios in subduction hazard assessments.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025AV001812","usgsCitation":"Biemiller, J.B., Gabriel, A., Staisch, L.M., Ulrich, T., Dunham, A., Wirth, E.A., Watt, J., Lucas, M.C., and Ledeczi, A., 2025, Structural controls on splay fault rupture dynamics during Cascadia megathrust earthquakes: AGU Advances, v. 6, no. 6, e2025AV001812, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025AV001812.","productDescription":"e2025AV001812, 22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-178619","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497403,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025av001812","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":497199,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Cascadia subduction zone","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -129.06174594550313,\n 50.792270218333016\n ],\n [\n -123.78891671425012,\n 35.05484640084913\n ],\n [\n -120.83491668887615,\n 36.08348722338981\n ],\n [\n -121.77409533925982,\n 45.94148964580287\n ],\n [\n -124.46022466182565,\n 51.84936657852123\n ],\n [\n -129.06174594550313,\n 50.792270218333016\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Biemiller, James Burkhardt 0000-0001-6663-7811","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6663-7811","contributorId":343684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biemiller","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"Burkhardt","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gabriel, Alice-Agnes","contributorId":204611,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gabriel","given":"Alice-Agnes","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36958,"text":"LMU Munich, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Staisch, Lydia M. 0000-0002-1414-5994 lstaisch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1414-5994","contributorId":167068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staisch","given":"Lydia","email":"lstaisch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ulrich, Thomas","contributorId":204613,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ulrich","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36958,"text":"LMU Munich, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dunham, Audrey 0000-0001-9719-9287","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9719-9287","contributorId":361490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"Audrey","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wirth, Erin A. 0000-0002-8592-4442","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8592-4442","contributorId":207853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wirth","given":"Erin","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Watt, Janet 0000-0002-4759-3814","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4759-3814","contributorId":221271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watt","given":"Janet","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lucas, Madeleine C.","contributorId":336741,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lucas","given":"Madeleine","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ledeczi, Anna","contributorId":336740,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ledeczi","given":"Anna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70272630,"text":"70272630 - 2025 - Systematic approach to prioritize wells for effective groundwater monitoring and management in the Arkansas Headwaters Basin, Colorado, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-26T15:19:53.684111","indexId":"70272630","displayToPublicDate":"2025-11-20T09:11:16","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3823,"text":"Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Systematic approach to prioritize wells for effective groundwater monitoring and management in the Arkansas Headwaters Basin, Colorado, USA","docAbstract":"Urban stream rehabilitation plans can benefit from knowledge of the landscape setting and vegetative communities that were adjacent to streams prior to urbanization. Downstream to upstream connections of these characteristics can be relevant for native migratory fish species that have a range of preferred spawning habitats. Based on a need for more quantitative data on these potential connections, the U.S. Geological Survey assembled geomorphic characteristics, surficial geology, and pre-Euro-American settlement vegetation for 333 kilometers of stream segments in the Kinnickinnic River and Menomonee River subbasins of the Milwaukee River, Wisconsin. Channel slopes ranged from less than 0.3 percent to greater than 2 percent, covering at least two channel morphology and bedform types spanning low-energy irregular and pool-riffle complexes. Postglacial surficial geology ranged from coarse-grained outwash sand and gravel to lacustrine silt and clay, allowing for a range of stream substrate sizes. Presettlement riparian vegetation was mainly forest, including forested uplands, forested lowlands, and to a lesser extent, conifer-dominated wetlands in headwaters. This resulting framework of geomorphic habitat response units can be used for habitat rehabilitation projects for migratory native fish in other urban Great Lakes tributaries.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20251049","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District and the University of Wisconsin","usgsCitation":"Fitzpatrick, F.A., Sterner, S.P., Blount, J.D., and Stewart, J.S., 2025, Geomorphic habitat response units for urban stream rehabilitation, Milwaukee, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2025–1049, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20251049.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 17 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-154626","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496620,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P90S2FMB","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Geomorphic habitat response units attributes for the Wisconsin DNR 24k hydrography flowline network in the Milwaukee River Basin, Wisconsin"},{"id":496619,"rank":5,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1049/ofr20251049.XML","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"},"description":"OFR 2025-1049 XML"},{"id":496615,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1049/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":496616,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1049/ofr20251049.pdf","text":"Report","size":"7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2025–1049"},{"id":496617,"rank":3,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1049/images"},{"id":496618,"rank":4,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20251049/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 2025–1049 HTML"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","city":"Milwaukee","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.21,\n 43.3\n ],\n [\n -88.21,\n 42.8\n ],\n [\n -87.8,\n 42.8\n ],\n [\n -87.8,\n 43.3\n ],\n [\n -88.21,\n 43.3\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Upper Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1 Gifford Pinchot Dr.
Madison, WI 53726
The U.S. Geological Survey intersected stream network geomorphic characteristics with maps of original pre-Euro-American settlement vegetation, surficial geology, and land-use attributes for the Kinnickinnic River and Menomonee River subbasins of the Milwaukee River Basin in eastern Wisconsin. The resulting framework of geomorphic habitat response units can be used for planning, designing, and evaluating ongoing and future native fish passage and spawning habitat rehabilitation projects in other urban areas where concrete-lined channels are being replaced with more natural counterparts.
","publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fitzpatrick, Faith A. 0000-0002-9748-7075 fafitzpa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9748-7075","contributorId":209516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"Faith","email":"fafitzpa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sterner, Shelby P. 0000-0002-3103-7960","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3103-7960","contributorId":292246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sterner","given":"Shelby","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blount, James D. 0000-0002-0006-3947 jblount@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0006-3947","contributorId":200231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blount","given":"James","email":"jblount@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stewart, Jana S. 0000-0002-8121-1373","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8121-1373","contributorId":211037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"Jana","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70272629,"text":"70272629 - 2025 - MIMAR-Net: Multiscale Inception-based Manhattan Attention Residual Network and its application to underwater image super-resolution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-26T14:12:30.52052","indexId":"70272629","displayToPublicDate":"2025-11-20T08:10:00","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":22985,"text":"Electronics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"MIMAR-Net: Multiscale Inception-based Manhattan Attention Residual Network and its application to underwater image super-resolution","docAbstract":"In recent years, Single-Image Super-Resolution (SISR) has gained significant attention in the geoscience and remote sensing community for its potential to improve the resolution of low-quality underwater imagery. This paper introduces MIMAR-Net (Multiscale Inception-based Manhattan Attention Residual Network), a new deep learning architecture designed to increase the spatial resolution of input color images. MIMAR-Net integrates a multiscale inception module, cascaded residue learning, and advanced attention mechanisms, such as the MaSA layer, to capture both local and global contextual information effectively. By utilizing multiscale processing and advanced attention strategies, MIMAR-Net allows us to handle the complexities of underwater environments with precision and robustness. We evaluate the model on three popular underwater image datasets, namely UFO-120, USR-248, and EUVP, and perform extensive comparisons against state-of-the-art methods. Experimental results demonstrate that MIMAR-Net consistently outperforms existing approaches, achieving superior qualitative and quantitative improvements in image quality, making it a reliable solution for underwater image enhancement in various challenging scenarios.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/electronics14224544","usgsCitation":"Zahan, N., Paheding, S., Saleem, A., Havens, T.C., and Esselman, P., 2025, MIMAR-Net: Multiscale Inception-based Manhattan Attention Residual Network and its application to underwater image super-resolution: Electronics, v. 14, no. 22, 4544, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics14224544.","productDescription":"4544, 24 p.","ipdsId":"IP-175539","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496934,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics14224544","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496897,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zahan, Nusrat","contributorId":363057,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zahan","given":"Nusrat","affiliations":[{"id":86604,"text":"Fairfield University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paheding, Sidike","contributorId":347829,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paheding","given":"Sidike","affiliations":[{"id":16203,"text":"Michigan Technological university","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Saleem, Ashraf","contributorId":347827,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saleem","given":"Ashraf","affiliations":[{"id":16203,"text":"Michigan Technological university","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Havens, Timothy C.","contributorId":363058,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Havens","given":"Timothy","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":16203,"text":"Michigan Technological university","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Esselman, Peter C. 0000-0002-0085-903X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0085-903X","contributorId":204291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esselman","given":"Peter C.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70274000,"text":"70274000 - 2025 - Local adaptation to climate has facilitated the global invasion of cheatgrass","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-20T17:55:59.039328","indexId":"70274000","displayToPublicDate":"2025-11-20T07:30:46","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2842,"text":"Nature Communications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Local adaptation to climate has facilitated the global invasion of cheatgrass","docAbstract":"Local adaptation may facilitate range expansion during invasions, but the mechanisms promoting destructive invasions remain unclear. Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum), native to Eurasia and Africa, has invaded globally, with particularly severe impacts in western North America. We aimed to identify mechanisms and consequences of local adaptation in the North American cheatgrass invasion. We sequenced 307 range-wide genotypes and conducted controlled experiments. We found that diverse lineages invaded North America, where long-distance gene flow is common. Nearly half of North American cheatgrass is comprised of a mosaic of ~19 locally adapted near clonal genotypes, each seemingly very successful in a different part of its range. Additionally, ancestry- and phenotype- environment clines in the native range predicted those in the invaded range, indicating pre-adapted genotypes colonized different regions. Common gardens showed directional selection on flowering time that reversed between warm and cold sites, potentially maintaining clines. In the Great Basin, genomic predictions of strong local adaptation identified sites where cheatgrass is most dominant. Our results indicate that multiple introductions and ongoing migration within the invaded range likely fueled pre-adaptation and subsequent dominance of cheatgrass in western North America. Understanding how environment and gene flow shape invasive adaptation is critical for managing ongoing invasions.
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R.","contributorId":338090,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lasky","given":"Jesse","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":24698,"text":"PSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":59}]}} ,{"id":70271405,"text":"sir20255017 - 2025 - Groundwater response to managed aquifer recharge at the Southeast Houghton Artificial Recharge Project in Tucson, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-03T16:32:26.605397","indexId":"sir20255017","displayToPublicDate":"2025-11-19T11:56:06","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2025-5017","displayTitle":"Groundwater Response to Managed Aquifer Recharge at the Southeast Houghton Artificial Recharge Project in Tucson, Arizona","title":"Groundwater response to managed aquifer recharge at the Southeast Houghton Artificial Recharge Project in Tucson, Arizona","docAbstract":"Managed aquifer recharge is a widespread practice for storing water in the subsurface as groundwater. At a managed aquifer recharge facility in southern Arizona, groundwater-level and repeat microgravity data were collected to monitor aquifer response. These data were used to inform parameter identification for an unsaturated-zone flow model used to simulate the recharge process. The facility, the Southeast Houghton Artificial Recharge Project (SHARP), consists of 3 surface basins (about 27,600 square meters [6.8 acres] total surface area) where recycled water is distributed in recharge cycles lasting several months, with dry periods in between. During the study period, December 2020–December 2022, Tucson Water (the City of Tucson’s water utility) reported 6.56×106 cubic meters of water (5,320 acre-feet) recharged.
Monitoring included groundwater-level observations at 3 monitoring wells and repeat microgravity measurements at as many as 22 locations (some stations were destroyed between surveys). Six gravity surveys were carried out using absolute- and relative-gravity meters. Large gravity increases, more than 250 microgals, were observed during the first repeat survey, 3.5 months after the start of recharge, but only in the immediate vicinity of the recharge basins. Data show that water moved downward to the water table, and storage changes in the unsaturated zone away from the facility were likely minimal. Gravity decreased at stations more than 1 kilometer from the facility, consistent with regional groundwater-level changes. Groundwater-level increases in wells adjacent to the recharge basins began 2 months after the second repeat gravity survey, and 5.5 months after recharge began.
Unsaturated-zone flow modeling was carried out using software that simulates water movement and parameter estimation. Model calibration was carried out by minimizing an objective function calculated from the differences between simulated and observed groundwater levels, and between simulated and observed repeat microgravity data. Including repeat microgravity data in the objective function reduced the uncertainty in estimated parameter values for saturated hydraulic conductivity and saturated water content. Modeling indicated that the unsaturated zone between the recharge basins and the water table does not become saturated even after 685 days of simulated infiltration. This gradual wetting may account for increasing infiltration rates over time, as hydraulic conductivity increases with increasing water content. Unsaturated-zone water content decreased rapidly between recharge cycles. Model-simulated groundwater mounding extended about 1 kilometer from the center of SHARP after the 685-day period following the onset of recharge.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20255017","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Tucson Water","programNote":"Water Availability and Use Program","usgsCitation":"Wildermuth, L.M., Kennedy, J.R., and Conrad, J.L., 2025, Groundwater response to managed aquifer recharge at the Southeast Houghton Artificial Recharge Project in Tucson, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations\nReport 2025–5017, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255017.","productDescription":"Report: v, 38 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"38","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-152298","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497795,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_118986.htm"},{"id":495375,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9E19SSK","text":"USGS data release","description":"Landrum, M.T., 2021, Repeat microgravity data from South Houghton Area Recharge Project, Tucson, Arizona, 2020-2022 (ver. 2.0, August 2024): U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9E19SSK.","linkHelpText":"Repeat microgravity data from South Houghton Area Recharge Project, Tucson, Arizona, 2020-2022 (ver. 2.0, August 2024)"},{"id":495371,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5017/sir20255017.pdf","text":"Report","size":"35 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2025-5017 PDF"},{"id":495370,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5017/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":495372,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20255017/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2025-5017 HTML"},{"id":495374,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5017/images"},{"id":495373,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5017/sir20255017.XML","description":"SIR 2025-5017 XML"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","city":"Tucson","otherGeospatial":"Southeast Houghton Artificial Recharge Project","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.758333,\n 32.159722\n ],\n [\n -110.758333,\n 32.141667\n ],\n [\n -110.791667,\n 32.141667\n ],\n [\n -110.791667,\n 32.159722\n ],\n [\n -110.758333,\n 32.159722\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director,
Arizona Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
520 N. Park Avenue
Tucson, AZ 85719
Despite their ubiquity and importance as freshwater habitat, small headwater streams are under-monitored by existing stream gage networks. To address this gap, we describe a low-cost, non-contact, and low-effort method that enables organizations to monitor relative streamflow dynamics in small headwater streams. The method uses a camera to capture repeat images of the stream from a fixed position. A person then annotates pairs of images, in each case indicating which image has more apparent streamflow or indicating equal flow if no difference is discernible. A deep learning modeling framework called streamflow rank estimation (SRE) is then trained on the annotated image pairs and applied to rank all images from highest to lowest apparent streamflow. From this result a relative hydrograph can be derived. We found that our modeled relative hydrograph dynamics matched the observed hydrograph dynamics well for 11 cameras at 8 streamflow sites in western Massachusetts. Higher performance was observed during the annotation period (median Kendall's Tau rank correlation of 0.75, with a range of 0.6–0.83) than after it (median Kendall's Tau of 0.59, with range 0.34–0.74). We found that annotation performance was generally consistent across the 11 camera sites and 2 individual annotators and was positively correlated with streamflow variability at a site. A scaling simulation determined that model performance improvements were limited after 1000 annotation pairs. Our model's estimates of relative flow, while not equivalent to absolute flow, may still be useful for many applications, such as ecological modeling and calculating event-based hydrological statistics (e.g., the number of out-of-bank floods). We anticipate that this method will be a valuable tool to extend existing stream monitoring networks and provide new insights on dynamic headwater systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/hess-29-6445-2025","usgsCitation":"Goodling, P.J., Fair, J.H., Gupta, A., Walker, J.D., Dubreuil, T., Hayden, M.J., and Letcher, B., 2025, Technical note: A low-cost approach to monitoring relative streamflow dynamics in small headwater streams using time lapse imagery and a deep learning model: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, v. 29, no. 22, p. 6445-6460, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-6445-2025.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"6445","endPage":"6460","ipdsId":"IP-179122","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496753,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-6445-2025","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496681,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"western Massachusetts","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.82742857720734,\n 42.73921316092924\n ],\n [\n -72.82742857720734,\n 42.42241182456118\n ],\n [\n -72.32535093532236,\n 42.42241182456118\n ],\n [\n -72.32535093532236,\n 42.73921316092924\n ],\n [\n -72.82742857720734,\n 42.73921316092924\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goodling, Phillip J. 0000-0001-5715-8579","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5715-8579","contributorId":239738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goodling","given":"Phillip","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fair, Jennifer H. 0000-0002-9902-1893","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9902-1893","contributorId":245941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fair","given":"Jennifer","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gupta, Amrita 0000-0003-2643-5865","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2643-5865","contributorId":264600,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gupta","given":"Amrita","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54512,"text":"Georgia Institute of Techniology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Walker, Jeffrey D. 0000-0003-1923-6550","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1923-6550","contributorId":244114,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walker","given":"Jeffrey","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":48839,"text":"Walker Environmental Research LLC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dubreuil, Todd 0000-0003-0189-4336","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0189-4336","contributorId":217872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dubreuil","given":"Todd","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hayden, Michael J. 0000-0002-9010-6831","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9010-6831","contributorId":291388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayden","given":"Michael","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Letcher, Benjamin H. 0000-0003-0191-5678","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0191-5678","contributorId":315442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Letcher","given":"Benjamin H.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70272456,"text":"70272456 - 2025 - Aridity reduces lag times between aquatic and terrestrial dry-down among watersheds and across years in the northwest US","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-21T18:28:47.238214","indexId":"70272456","displayToPublicDate":"2025-11-18T12:22:05","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aridity reduces lag times between aquatic and terrestrial dry-down among watersheds and across years in the northwest US","docAbstract":"Landscapes encompass both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems that experience the same climate but may respond to climate in divergent ways. For example, the time lag between seasonal dry-down of terrestrial soil moisture and decline in streamflow has important implications for species and ecosystem processes across the aquatic–terrestrial interface. How these lags between aquatic and terrestrial hydrology vary with climate and spatial location within watersheds remains largely unexplored. Here, we examine seasonal patterns of aquatic–terrestrial dry-down across seven watersheds in the northwestern USA, spanning a wide range of aridity. We compared daily streamflow data from USGS gages at watershed outlets with simulated daily soil moisture (1979–2020) from multiple locations within each watershed. In all watersheds, annual dry cycles progressed sequentially through the following features: evapotranspiration, precipitation, shallow soil moisture, deep soil moisture, and finally streamflow. Seasonal streamflow minima lagged behind soil moisture minima for shorter durations in more arid watersheds and drier years. Within watersheds, lag times varied spatially due to interactions between elevation and aridity, with short lags in low-elevation soils near streams in arid watersheds and longer lags in less arid watersheds. Collectively, these results indicate shorter lags between seasonal aquatic and terrestrial dry periods in drier watersheds and years, and show that these tighter linkages are spatially aggregated in drier watersheds. The co-occurrence of seasonally dry conditions in both aquatic and terrestrial systems under increasing aridification is likely to intensify stressors on ecosystems and services. Recognizing these patterns may be critical for predicting ecosystem vulnerabilities and informing adaptation strategies to mitigate the impacts of seasonally dry conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70413","usgsCitation":"Butterfield, B.J., Schlaepfer, D.R., Al-Chokhachy, R., Dunham, J., Groom, J.D., Muhlfeld, C.C., Torgersen, C.E., and Bradford, J., 2025, Aridity reduces lag times between aquatic and terrestrial dry-down among watersheds and across years in the northwest US: Ecosphere, v. 16, no. 11, e70413, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70413.","productDescription":"e70413, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-176106","costCenters":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":49226,"text":"Northwest Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496924,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70413","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496783,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana, Oregon, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.53311834886665,\n 48.954786193006896\n ],\n [\n -119.53311834886665,\n 42.09524314878942\n ],\n [\n -108.45919024142043,\n 42.09524314878942\n ],\n [\n -108.45919024142043,\n 48.954786193006896\n ],\n [\n -119.53311834886665,\n 48.954786193006896\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butterfield, Bradley J.","contributorId":362927,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Butterfield","given":"Bradley","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":86572,"text":"Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schlaepfer, Daniel Rodolphe 0000-0001-9973-2065","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9973-2065","contributorId":225569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schlaepfer","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"Rodolphe","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Al-Chokhachy, Robert 0000-0002-2136-5098","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2136-5098","contributorId":211560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Al-Chokhachy","given":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dunham, Jason 0000-0002-6268-0633","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6268-0633","contributorId":220078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"Jason","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Groom, Jeremiah D.","contributorId":362928,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Groom","given":"Jeremiah","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":86575,"text":"Groom Analytics LLC, 1975 SE Crystal Lake Dr., Unit 173, Corvallis, OR 97333","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Muhlfeld, Clint C. 0000-0002-4599-4059 cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4599-4059","contributorId":924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhlfeld","given":"Clint","email":"cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Torgersen, Christian E. 0000-0001-8325-2737 ctorgersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8325-2737","contributorId":146935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torgersen","given":"Christian","email":"ctorgersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":219257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70271480,"text":"sir20255055 - 2025 - An inset groundwater-flow model to evaluate the effects of layering configuration on model calibration and assess managed aquifer recharge near Shellmound, Mississippi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-03T16:31:45.919091","indexId":"sir20255055","displayToPublicDate":"2025-11-18T12:06:15","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2025-5055","displayTitle":"An Inset Groundwater-Flow Model to Evaluate the Effects of Layering Configuration on Model Calibration and Assess Managed Aquifer Recharge near Shellmound, Mississippi","title":"An inset groundwater-flow model to evaluate the effects of layering configuration on model calibration and assess managed aquifer recharge near Shellmound, Mississippi","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey has developed a high-resolution inset groundwater-flow model in the Mississippi Delta as part of an interdisciplinary collaboration coordinated by the Mississippi Alluvial Plain project to provide a tool that stakeholders can use to support water-resource management decisions. Groundwater withdrawals from the Mississippi River Valley alluvial (MRVA) aquifer have been vital to support agricultural production in the region, but substantial groundwater-level declines near Shellmound, Mississippi, have caused concerns for long-term sustainability of the aquifer. To better understand the subsurface and try to mitigate the long-term groundwater-level declines, stakeholders have undertaken actions including a Groundwater Transfer and Injection Pilot (GTIP) project using a riverbank filtration-based managed aquifer recharge approach. The pilot project consisted of extracting groundwater near the Tallahatchie River and reinjecting it into the aquifer 3 kilometers west where water levels have substantially declined. A high-resolution airborne electromagnetic (AEM) survey was also completed to collect electrical resistivity data to support the GTIP project and the development of the groundwater model.
The inset groundwater-flow model was developed to (1) integrate the AEM data into the optimal layering configuration of the MRVA aquifer that the available observation data can support through calibration, and (2) assess the potential effect of the GTIP project on the groundwater levels. The AEM data were processed into three different layering configurations leading to the development of model A (18 layers), model B (16 layers), and model C (8 layers), all at a 100- x 100-meter cell spatial resolution using the U.S. Geological Survey modular finite-difference flow model 6 code with Newton-Raphson formulation. The model development process integrated recent advances in modeling, such as the incorporation of AEM data, the use of outputs from the soil-water-balance (SWB) model, and the Aquaculture and Irrigation Water-Use Model, and was facilitated by robust automation using the open-source python packages Modflow-setup and SFRmaker. Using Parameter Estimation ++ Iterative Ensemble Smoother, the three numerical groundwater-flow models (models A, B, and C) were calibrated against a set of observations, which included aquifer groundwater levels, streamflows, stream stage, and aquifer transmissivity. Results indicate that the detailed representation of MRVA aquifer layers in model A produced the best calibrated model by history matching, and the integration of data representing surficial connectivity played a key role in improving groundwater recharge and enhancing the ability of the model to match groundwater levels in the cone of depression. A forecast model simulated the managed aquifer recharge approach, and the results indicated that, given average irrigation and recharge conditions (2010–15), the GTIP project has the potential to induce groundwater-level increases of as much as 3 meters around the injection site, but a sustained increase would require repetition in subsequent years of water transfer at 2022 rates or above.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20255055","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service and the Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality","programNote":"Water Availability and Use Science Program","usgsCitation":"Guira, M., Traylor, J.P., Leaf, A.T., and Weisser, A.R., 2025, An inset groundwater-flow model to evaluate the effects of layering configuration on model calibration and assess managed aquifer recharge near Shellmound, Mississippi: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2025–5055, 134 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255055.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 134 p.; 3 Figures: 11.00 x 8.50 inches; Data Release; Dataset","numberOfPages":"148","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-154357","costCenters":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":84311,"text":"Central Plains Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497793,"rank":9,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_118974.htm"},{"id":495719,"rank":8,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5055/downloads/","text":"Layered figures","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"Downloadable layered PDF files for figures 11, 12, and 13"},{"id":495626,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13DWA86","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Inset models used to evaluate the effects of layering configuration on model calibration from 1900 to 2018, and assess managed aquifer recharge near Shellmound, Mississippi, from 2019 to 2050"},{"id":495670,"rank":7,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20255055/full"},{"id":495623,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5055/sir20255055.XML"},{"id":495622,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5055/sir20255055.pdf","text":"Report","size":"40 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2025-5055"},{"id":495625,"rank":5,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"USGS National Water Information System database","linkHelpText":"- USGS water data for the Nation"},{"id":495624,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5055/images/"},{"id":495621,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5055/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","city":"Shellmound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.55,\n 33.8\n ],\n [\n -90.55,\n 33.5\n ],\n [\n -90.1667,\n 33.5\n ],\n [\n -90.1667,\n 33.8\n ],\n [\n -90.55,\n 33.8\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Nebraska Water Science Center
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Western California is home to a variety of volcanic rocks. The locations, ages, and chemical compositions of these volcanic rocks help tell part of the fascinating story of California’s plate tectonic evolution over the past 40 million years. These volcanic rocks are a product of multiple tectonic processes, including subduction of divergent and transform plate boundaries beneath continental North America, opening of a slab window, creation and migration of a tectonic triple junction, and the birth and growth of the San Andreas Fault. This fact sheet explains these tectonic processes and discusses their role in shaping the volcanic history of western California over the past 40 million years. By studying the volcanic rock record in western California, geologists are able to piece together how regional volcanism and plate tectonics are linked in space and time. Recognizing this linkage helps scientists to understand possible future volcanism in the region, potential hazards associated with this volcanism, and the impacts these hazards may have on population and infrastructure. The U.S. Geological Survey California Volcano Observatory (CalVO) closely monitors the parts of western California with the greatest potential for volcanism.
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In 2021–22, clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses were introduced by wild birds into North America, leading to geographically widespread disease. In response to HPAI outbreaks throughout late 2021 and early 2022, we recorded observations of sick and dead birds, estimated abundance of carcasses, collected swab and sera samples to detect viruses, and monitored bird nesting on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta region of Alaska to document potential effects of disease. Thirty-six reports of sick and dead birds were registered across the region. Nineteen carcasses were opportunistically collected for diagnostic testing, of which 12 were confirmed to be infected with clade 2.3.4.4b HPAI viruses. Carcass abundance estimates from line-distance sampling provided evidence that the most common species of dead birds from the western Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta region were Cackling Goose (Branta hutchinsii minima), Glaucous Gull (Larus hyperboreus), and Black Brant (Branta bernicla nigricans). Only one paired cloacal and oropharyngeal swab sample from a Northern Pintail (Anas acuta) tested positive for clade 2.3.4.4b HPAI virus, out of 464 live-captured duck and goose samples. Of 195 sera samples from waterfowl screened for antibodies reactive to influenza A viruses, antibodies were found in 41–98% of samples collected from Emperor Goose (Anser canagicus), Cackling Goose, Black Brant, and Spectacled Eider (Somateria fischeri). In addition, 15–98% of the same sera samples were reactive to a clade 2.3.4.4b H5 antigen. Fewer Black Brant and Emperor Goose nests were found on long-term study plots during 2022 than in previous years. Collectively, we found that HPAI viruses affected at least seven species of wild birds inhabiting the region during 2022. The full scope of impacts of HPAI at this location during 2022 is unknown, but our data indicate that acute effects to avian population health on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta region were likely modest.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/JWD-D-24-00199","usgsCitation":"Daniels, B., Osnas, E.E., Boldenow, M., Gerlach, R., Ahlstrom, C., Coburn, S., Brook, M.J., Brubaker, M., Fischer, J., Koons, D.N., Matz, A., Murphy, M., Rizzolo, D., Scott, L.C., Sinnett, D.R., Thompson, J.M., Lenoch, J., Kim Torchetti, M., Stallknecht, D., Poulson, R., and Ramey, A.M., 2025, Observational, virological, and serological data provide insights into an outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza among wild birds on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska in 2022: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 61, no. 4, p. 1010-1027, https://doi.org/10.7589/JWD-D-24-00199.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1010","endPage":"1027","ipdsId":"IP-171898","costCenters":[{"id":65299,"text":"Alaska Science Center Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496752,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index 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Glacial Maximum limits our ability to assess (1) the drivers of ice-sheet change, and (2) the performance of ice-sheet models that are benchmarked against the paleo-record of GrIS change. Here, we provide new in situ 10Be surface exposure chronologies of ice-sheet margin retreat from the outer Scoresby Sund and Storstrømmen Glacier regions in eastern and northeastern Greenland, respectively. Ice retreated from Rathbone Island, east of Scoresby Sund, by ∼ 14.1 ka, recording some of the earliest documentations of terrestrial deglaciation in Greenland. The mouth of Scoresby Sund deglaciated by ∼ 13.2 ka, and retreated at an average rate of ∼ 43 m yr−1 between 13.2 and 9.7 ka. Storstrømmen Glacier retreated from the outer coast to within ∼ 3 km of the modern ice margin between ∼ 12.7 and 8.6 ka at an average rate of ∼ 28 m yr−1. Retreat then slowed or reached a stillstand as ice retreated ∼ 3 km between ∼ 8.6 ka to the modern ice margin at ∼ 8.0 ka. These retreat rates are consistent with late glacial and Holocene estimates for marine-terminating outlet glaciers across East Greenland, and comparable to modern retreat rates observed at the largest ice streams in northeastern, and northwestern Greenland.
","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/cp-21-2263-2025","usgsCitation":"Anderson, J.T., Young, N.E., Balter-Kennedy, A., Prince, K., Walcott-George, C.K., Graham, B.L., Charton, J., Briner, J.P., and Shaefer, J.M., 2025, East Greenland Ice Sheet retreat history from Scoresby Sund and Storstrømmen Glacier during the last deglaciation: Climate of the Past, v. 21, no. 11, p. 2263-2281, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-2263-2025.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"2263","endPage":"2281","ipdsId":"IP-178844","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496745,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-2263-2025","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496637,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Greenland","otherGeospatial":"Scoresby Sund, Storstrømmen Glacier","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -47.161725727082626,\n 84.57071318603391\n ],\n [\n -47.161725727082626,\n 66.73876185091967\n ],\n [\n -27.30980297025164,\n 64.59666796479314\n ],\n [\n 2.0505995222399918,\n 81.78653428489469\n ],\n [\n -47.161725727082626,\n 84.57071318603391\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Jacob T. 0000-0002-4329-4200","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4329-4200","contributorId":362365,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Jacob","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":17701,"text":"Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Young, Nicolas E.","contributorId":362367,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Young","given":"Nicolas","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":17701,"text":"Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Balter-Kennedy, Allie 0000-0002-7828-7174","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7828-7174","contributorId":362369,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Balter-Kennedy","given":"Allie","affiliations":[{"id":17701,"text":"Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Prince, Karlee 0000-0003-4843-9322","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4843-9322","contributorId":362371,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Prince","given":"Karlee","affiliations":[{"id":37334,"text":"University at Buffalo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Walcott-George, Caleb K. 0000-0003-4754-9466","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4754-9466","contributorId":362373,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walcott-George","given":"Caleb","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":37334,"text":"University at Buffalo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Graham, Brandon L. 0000-0002-7197-0413","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7197-0413","contributorId":340458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Brandon","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Charton, Joanna","contributorId":362375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Charton","given":"Joanna","affiliations":[{"id":17701,"text":"Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Briner, Jason P.","contributorId":362377,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Briner","given":"Jason","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":37334,"text":"University at Buffalo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Shaefer, Joerg M.","contributorId":362379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shaefer","given":"Joerg","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17701,"text":"Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70272215,"text":"70272215 - 2025 - Cryptic life history diversity supports endangered species recovery in an ultra-urbanized landscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-19T15:31:57.22913","indexId":"70272215","displayToPublicDate":"2025-11-18T08:28:18","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3358,"text":"Scientific Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cryptic life history diversity supports endangered species recovery in an ultra-urbanized landscape","docAbstract":"Urban landscapes are often overlooked in conservation planning, allowing human activities to take precedence in ecosystem management. However, even heavily modified environments can support diverse species profiles, but continued expansion of the human footprint could transform these biodiversity hotspots into ecological traps that serve as hidden catalysts for demographic declines. In the backdrop of one of the world’s most urbanized landscapes-New York City, USA—is a federally endangered population of shortnose sturgeon (Acipenser brevirostrum) that has been quietly recovering for several decades despite many demographic threats. Here, we identify a unique behavioral phenotype of shortnose sturgeon that occupies habitats in New York Harbor in late spring and fall, likely using the area to optimize bioenergetic processes. As this study highlights, urbanized environments can be a nexus for cryptic phenotypic diversity which, if overlooked, can disrupt eco-evolutionary processes and contribute to population and species loss.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-24360-6","usgsCitation":"White, S.L., Higgs, A., and Fox, D., 2025, Cryptic life history diversity supports endangered species recovery in an ultra-urbanized landscape: Scientific Reports, v. 15, 40634, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-24360-6.","productDescription":"40634, 8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-178198","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496744,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-24360-6","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496636,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","city":"New York City","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.09993061657431,\n 40.736082719013496\n ],\n [\n -74.09993061657431,\n 40.588831128093005\n ],\n [\n -73.96403648299037,\n 40.588831128093005\n ],\n [\n -73.96403648299037,\n 40.736082719013496\n ],\n [\n -74.09993061657431,\n 40.736082719013496\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Shannon L. 0000-0003-4687-6596","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-6596","contributorId":263424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Shannon","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Higgs, Amanda","contributorId":225402,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Higgs","given":"Amanda","affiliations":[{"id":13678,"text":"New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fox, Dewayne","contributorId":340954,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fox","given":"Dewayne","affiliations":[{"id":37219,"text":"Delaware State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70274548,"text":"70274548 - 2025 - Population genetics of the endangered narrowly endemic Island Marble butterfly (Euchloe ausonides insulanus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-02T13:57:15.166442","indexId":"70274548","displayToPublicDate":"2025-11-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Population genetics of the endangered narrowly endemic Island Marble butterfly (Euchloe ausonides insulanus)","title":"Population genetics of the endangered narrowly endemic Island Marble butterfly (Euchloe ausonides insulanus)","docAbstract":"The Island Marble butterfly (Euchloe ausonides insulanus) is an endangered species endemic to the San Juan Islands off the coast of Washington State, United States, and British Columbia, Canada. The species was thought to be extinct for ~ 90 years before it was rediscovered at American Camp, San Juan Island National Historical Park in 1998. Here, we report the results of the first population genetic analyses for insulanus, using DNA collected non-invasively from individuals in the last known stronghold for the species. We used DNA extracted from meconium, larval exuviae, and natural mortalities to generate and test thirteen new microsatellite markers to estimate genetic diversity, population structure, and kinship. We assembled and annotated mitochondrial genomes, which were used alongside museum specimens of insulanus collected ~ 100 years ago from Vancouver Island, and other members of the E. ausonides species complex, to infer the evolutionary history of the species. The results indicated that insulanus experiences low heterozygosity, a small effective population size (Ne), and low allelic diversity. High levels of inbreeding were found in some individuals, but inbreeding was uneven across the population. No population structure or partitioning of genetic variation by host plant was detected. The mitogenomes of extant insulanus were all identical and modern samples showed a loss of allelic diversity compared to insulanus from museums. Extant insulanus formed a clade with museum specimens and we identified multiple putatively diagnostic alleles to differentiate insulanus from other subspecies. Based on these results, we outline considerations for species management and genetic monitoring.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s10592-025-01737-8","usgsCitation":"Jones, K., Aunins, A.W., Young, C., Johnson, R.L., and Morrison, C.L., 2025, Population genetics of the endangered narrowly endemic Island Marble butterfly (Euchloe ausonides insulanus): Conservation Genetics, v. 27, 5, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-025-01737-8.","productDescription":"5","ipdsId":"IP-177244","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501970,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"British Columbia, Washington","otherGeospatial":"San Juan Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.1794965908473,\n 48.762742021779246\n ],\n [\n -123.1794965908473,\n 48.384126042901784\n ],\n [\n -122.67085884048696,\n 48.384126042901784\n ],\n [\n -122.67085884048696,\n 48.762742021779246\n ],\n [\n -123.1794965908473,\n 48.762742021779246\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Kara Suzanne 0000-0002-8168-0815","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8168-0815","contributorId":331477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Kara Suzanne","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aunins, Aaron W. 0000-0001-5240-1453 aaunins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-1453","contributorId":5863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aunins","given":"Aaron","email":"aaunins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Young, Colleen Callahan 0000-0002-9858-4897","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9858-4897","contributorId":344669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"Colleen Callahan","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Robin L. 0000-0003-4314-3792 rjohnson1@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4314-3792","contributorId":224717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Robin","email":"rjohnson1@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Morrison, Cheryl L. 0000-0001-9425-691X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9425-691X","contributorId":239844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"Cheryl","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70272147,"text":"fs20253042 - 2025 - Preserving and increasing water resources—Natural infrastructure in dryland streams in Baja California Sur, Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-03T16:30:25.529535","indexId":"fs20253042","displayToPublicDate":"2025-11-17T12:20:32","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2025-3042","displayTitle":"Preserving and Increasing Water Resources—Natural Infrastructure in Dryland Streams in Baja California Sur, Mexico","title":"Preserving and increasing water resources—Natural infrastructure in dryland streams in Baja California Sur, Mexico","docAbstract":"The Los Planes watershed of Baja California Sur, Mexico, and its underlying aquifer are experiencing groundwater decline owing to low average annual rainfall (28.1 centimeters per year) and rising water demand from population growth and agricultural activities. This decline in water availability can lead to desertification—a process that changes arable land to desert by degrading soil and vegetation—and can pose serious challenges to livelihoods that depend on the land.
To address these issues, a ranch in the Los Planes watershed has installed many natural infrastructures in dryland streams (NIDS) in channels for soil and water conservation. In 2022, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began working with regional researchers and land managers to investigate the effects of NIDS on natural biological, geochemical, and physical processes and determine the efficacy of NIDS for water augmentation in the Los Planes watershed. The USGS also worked with local academic institutions and nonprofit organizations to create public educational opportunities focused on the area’s hydrogeology. These and other collaborative efforts with the U.S. Water Partnership and Innovaciones Alumbra aim at enhancing water resources in the Baja California Sur region and promoting water security and safeguarding community well-being.
La cuenca de Los Planes, ubicada en Baja California Sur, México, y su acuífero subyacente, están sufriendo una disminución de las aguas subterráneas debido a la baja precipitación media anual (28.1 centímetros por año) y la alta demanda de agua por parte de una población creciente y la actividad agrícola. Esta disminución de la disponibilidad de agua puede conducir a la desertificación—un proceso que por medio de la degradación del suelo y la vegetación convierte a la tierra cultivable en desierto—representando un serio desafío para los medios de vida de las personas.
Para abordar estos problemas, un rancho en la cuenca de Los Planes ha instalado numerosas obras de Infraestructura Natural en Arroyos de Tierras Áridas (INATS) para conservación del suelo y del agua. En 2022, el Servicio Geológico de los Estados Unidos (USGS, por sus siglas en inglés) comenzó a trabajar con investigadores regionales y gestores de tierras para estudiar los efectos de INATS en los procesos biológicos, geoquímicos y físicos, y determinar su eficacia en el aumento de los recursos hídricos en la cuenca de Los Planes. El USGS se ha asociado con instituciones académicas y organizaciones locales sin fines de lucro para crear oportunidades educativas públicas centradas en la hidrogeología de la zona. Estos y otros esfuerzos colaborativos con la Asociación del Agua de Estados Unidos (U.S. Water Partnership) e Innovaciones Alumbra, tienen como objetivo mejorar el uso de los recursos hídricos en la región de Baja California Sur, promover la seguridad hídrica y proteger el bienestar de la comunidad.
","language":"English, Spanish","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20253042","usgsCitation":"Anides Morales, A., Norman, L.M., and Mack, T.J., 2025, Preserving and increasing water resources—Natural infrastructure in dryland streams in Baja California Sur, Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2025–3042, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20253042.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-167963","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496556,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2025/3042/fs20253042.pdf","text":"Report (English)","size":"1.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2025-3042 PDF (English)"},{"id":496555,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2025/3042/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":496557,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2025/3042/fs20253042_spanish.pdf","text":"Report (Español)","size":"1.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2025-3042 PDF (Spanish)"}],"country":"Mexico","state":"Baja California Sur","otherGeospatial":"Los Planes watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.61060380724068,\n 24.369517436874077\n ],\n [\n -110.61060380724068,\n 22.79088429619047\n ],\n [\n -109.36626743882256,\n 22.79088429619047\n ],\n [\n -109.36626743882256,\n 24.369517436874077\n ],\n [\n -110.61060380724068,\n 24.369517436874077\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Western Geographic Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
350 N. Akron Rd.
Moffett Field, CA 94035
Rangelands are extensive ecosystems, providing important ecosystem services while undergoing continuous change. As a result, improved monitoring technologies can help better characterize vegetation change. Satellite remote sensing has proven effective in this regard, tracking vegetation dynamics at broad and fine scales. We leveraged the spatial, spectral, and temporal resolution of Sentinel-2 satellites to estimate fractional cover and canopy gap across rangelands of the western United States. We produced annual, 10 m spatial resolution estimates of fractional cover and canopy gap size class for years 2018 to 2024. Fractional cover estimates include that of common plant functional types (annual forb and grass, bareground, littler, perennial forb and grass, shrub, tree) and select genera (including invasive annual grass species, pinyon-juniper species, and sagebrush species); canopy gap size classes include gap sizes 25 to 50, 51 to 100, 101 to 200, and greater than 200 cm. We make these data available as Cloud Optimized GeoTIFFs, organized as 75×75 km tiles covering the 17 western states of the United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioRxiv","doi":"10.1101/2025.03.13.643073","usgsCitation":"Allred, B.W., McCord, S.E., Assal, T.J., Bestelmeyer, B.T., Boyd, C.S., Brooks, A.C., Cady, S.M., Duniway, M.C., Fuhlendorf, S.D., Green, S.A., Harrison, G.R., Jensen, E.R., Kachergis, E.J., Knight, A.C., Mattilio, C.M., Mealor, B.A., Naugle, D.E., O’Leary, D., Olsoy, P.J., Peirce, E.S., Reinhardt, J.R., Shriver, R.K., Smith, J.T., Tack, J.D., Tanner, A.M., Tanner, E.P., Twidwell, D., Webb, N.P., and Morford, S.L., 2025, Sentinel-2 based estimates of rangeland fractional cover and canopy gap class for the western United States: BioRxiv, https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.03.13.643073.","productDescription":"29 p.","ipdsId":"IP-183344","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496923,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.03.13.643073","text":"External Repository"},{"id":496781,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allred, Brady W.","contributorId":362901,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allred","given":"Brady","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":86556,"text":"Numerical Terradynamic Simulation Group, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCord, Sarah E.","contributorId":362902,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCord","given":"Sarah","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":86557,"text":"Jornada Experimental Range, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Las Cruces, NM, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Assal, Timothy J.","contributorId":362903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Assal","given":"Timothy","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":86559,"text":"Bureau of Land Management, National Operations Center, Denver, CO, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bestelmeyer, Brandon T.","contributorId":362904,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bestelmeyer","given":"Brandon","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":86557,"text":"Jornada Experimental Range, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Las Cruces, NM, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Boyd, Chad S.","contributorId":362905,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boyd","given":"Chad","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":86561,"text":"Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Burns, OR, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brooks, Alexander C.","contributorId":362906,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brooks","given":"Alexander","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":82671,"text":"Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cady, Samantha M.","contributorId":362907,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cady","given":"Samantha","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":86562,"text":"Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Duniway, Michael C. 0000-0002-9643-2785 mduniway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9643-2785","contributorId":219284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duniway","given":"Michael","email":"mduniway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Fuhlendorf, Samuel D.","contributorId":362908,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fuhlendorf","given":"Samuel","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":86563,"text":"Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Green, Shane A.","contributorId":362909,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Green","given":"Shane","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":86564,"text":"USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Central National Technology Support Center, Ft. Worth, TX, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Harrison, Georgia R.","contributorId":362910,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harrison","given":"Georgia","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":86557,"text":"Jornada Experimental Range, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Las Cruces, NM, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Jensen, Eric R.","contributorId":362911,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jensen","given":"Eric","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":82671,"text":"Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Kachergis, Emily J.","contributorId":362912,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kachergis","given":"Emily","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":86559,"text":"Bureau of Land Management, National Operations Center, Denver, CO, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Knight, Anna C. 0000-0002-9455-2855","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9455-2855","contributorId":255113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Mattilio, Chloe M.","contributorId":362913,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mattilio","given":"Chloe","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":86565,"text":"University of Wyoming Sheridan Research and Extension Center, Institute for Managing Annual Grasses Invading Natural Ecosystems, Sheridan, WY, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Mealor, Brian A.","contributorId":362914,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mealor","given":"Brian","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":86565,"text":"University of Wyoming Sheridan Research and Extension Center, Institute for Managing Annual Grasses Invading Natural Ecosystems, Sheridan, WY, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Naugle, David E.","contributorId":362915,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Naugle","given":"David","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":86566,"text":"W.A. Franke College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"O’Leary, Dylan","contributorId":362916,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Leary","given":"Dylan","affiliations":[{"id":86567,"text":"Institute for Natural Resources, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Olsoy, Peter J.","contributorId":362917,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olsoy","given":"Peter","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":86561,"text":"Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Burns, OR, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Peirce, Erika S.","contributorId":362918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peirce","given":"Erika","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":86568,"text":"Rangeland Resources and Systems Research Unit, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Fort Collins, CO, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Reinhardt, Jason R.","contributorId":362919,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reinhardt","given":"Jason","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":86569,"text":"USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Moscow, ID, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Shriver, Robert K.","contributorId":362920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shriver","given":"Robert","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":52928,"text":"Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Smith, Joseph T.","contributorId":362921,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Joseph","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":86556,"text":"Numerical Terradynamic Simulation Group, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Tack, Jason D.","contributorId":362922,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tack","given":"Jason","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":86570,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service, Habitat and Population Evaluation Team, Missoula, MT, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Tanner, Ashley M.","contributorId":362923,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tanner","given":"Ashley","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":86571,"text":"Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Tanner, Evan P.","contributorId":362924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tanner","given":"Evan","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":86571,"text":"Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Twidwell, Dirac","contributorId":341491,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Twidwell","given":"Dirac","affiliations":[{"id":16610,"text":"University of Nebraska-Lincoln","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Webb, Nicholas P.","contributorId":362925,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Webb","given":"Nicholas","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":86557,"text":"Jornada Experimental Range, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Las Cruces, NM, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28},{"text":"Morford, Scott L.","contributorId":362926,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morford","given":"Scott","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":86556,"text":"Numerical Terradynamic Simulation Group, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":29}]}} ,{"id":70272677,"text":"70272677 - 2025 - Carbon and nitrogen isotopes of different native fish tissues from the Santa Ana River, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-22T16:37:13.840737","indexId":"70272677","displayToPublicDate":"2025-11-17T09:31:28","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Carbon and nitrogen isotopes of different native fish tissues from the Santa Ana River, California","docAbstract":"Stable isotopes are commonly used to understand the role of fishes in aquatic food webs. However, variability in species- and tissue-specific isotopic values can affect the inference that is drawn from a stable isotope study. We evaluated differences in stable isotopes of carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) among three tissue types (white muscle, caudal fin rays, and eye lenses) for Santa Ana Sucker Pantosteus santaanae and Arroyo Chub Gila orcuttii to inform the design of a stable isotope study in the Santa Ana River, an urban river that is located in southern California.
We used multivariate analyses to test for differences in the stable isotopes of carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) among the three tissue types that were collected from Santa Ana Sucker and Arroyo Chub. We also summarized the variability in isotopic values that was recorded over time in fish eye lenses and interpreted this variability in reference to the spatial patterns in isotopic values that have been previously reported throughout the Santa Ana River.
We found that fin ray tissue and white muscle tissue were not significantly different for either isotope or fish species. Fish eye lenses were significantly higher in δ13C than muscle tissue, and eye lenses were significantly higher in δ15N than fin ray tissue for both fishes. We also found a greater range in δ13C and δ15N across eye lens layers for Santa Ana Sucker (δ13C = 2.01 ± 0.96‰, δ15N = 4.93 ± 4.18‰) than for Arroyo Chub (δ13C = 0.96 ± 0.65‰, δ15N = 4.63 ± 1.45‰).
Our results indicate that fin rays may be a viable nonlethal alternative to white muscle tissue for use in a stable isotope study of native fish of the Santa Ana River. Additionally, eye lenses could provide a chemical history of fishes within the river, but species-specific correction factors may be needed if stable isotope values for eye lenses are to be compared with more conventional tissue types (e.g., white muscle).
The use of Uncrewed Aerial Systems (UASs) for remote sensing applications has increased significantly in recent years due to their low cost, operational flexibility, and rapid advancements in sensor technologies. In many cases, UAS platforms are considered viable alternatives to conventional satellite and crewed airborne platforms, offering very high spatial, spectral, and temporal resolution data. However, the radiometric quality of UAS-acquired data has not received equivalent attention, particularly with respect to absolute calibration. In this study, we (1) evaluate the absolute radiometric performance of two commonly used UAS sensors: the Headwall Nano-Hyperspec hyperspectral sensor and the MicaSense RedEdge-MX Dual Camera multispectral system; (2) assess the effectiveness of the Empirical Line Method (ELM) in improving the radiometric accuracy of reflectance products generated by these sensors; and (3) investigate the influence of calibration target characteristics—including size, material type, reflectance intensity, and quantity—on the performance of ELM for UAS data. A field campaign was conducted jointly by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center and the USGS National Uncrewed Systems Office (NUSO) from 15 to 18 July 2023, at the USGS EROS Ground Validation Radiometer (GVR) site in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA, over a 160 m × 160 m vegetated area. Absolute calibration accuracy was evaluated by comparing UAS sensor-derived reflectance to in situ measurements of the site. Results indicate that the Headwall Nano-Hyperspec and MicaSense sensors underestimated reflectance by approximately 0.05 and 0.015 reflectance units, respectively. While the MicaSense sensor demonstrated better inherent radiometric accuracy, it exhibited saturation over bright targets due to limitations in its automatic gain and exposure settings. Application of the ELM using just two calibration targets reduced discrepancies to within 0.005 reflectance units. Reflectance products generated using various target materials—such as felt, melamine, or commercially available validation targets—showed comparable agreement with in situ measurements when used with the Nano-Hyperspec sensor. Furthermore, increasing the number of calibration targets beyond two did not yield measurable improvements in calibration accuracy. At a flight altitude of 200 ft above ground level (AGL), a target size of 0.6 m × 0.6 m or larger was sufficient to provide pure pixels for ELM implementation, whereas smaller targets (e.g., 0.3 m × 0.3 m) posed challenges in isolating pure pixels. Overall, the standard manufacturer-recommended calibration procedures were insufficient for achieving high radiometric accuracy with the tested sensors, which may restrict their applicability in scenarios requiring greater accuracy and precision. The use of the ELM significantly improved data quality, enhancing the reliability and applicability of UAS-based remote sensing in contexts requiring high precision and accuracy.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs17223738","usgsCitation":"Shrestha, M., Scholl, V.M., Sampath, A., Irwin, J., Kropuenske, T., Adams, J., Burgess, M.A., and Brady, L.R., 2025, Absolute radiometric calibration evaluation of Uncrewed Aerial System (UAS) Headwall and MicaSense sensors and improving data quality using the Empirical Line Method: Remote Sensing, v. 17, no. 22, 3738, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17223738.","productDescription":"3738, 29 p.","ipdsId":"IP-178436","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497081,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17223738","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496979,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shrestha, Mahesh 0000-0002-8368-6399 mshrestha@contractor.usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-6399","contributorId":259303,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shrestha","given":"Mahesh","email":"mshrestha@contractor.usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":54490,"text":"KBR, Inc., under contract to USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":951160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scholl, Victoria Mary 0000-0002-2085-1449","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2085-1449","contributorId":295713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholl","given":"Victoria","email":"","middleInitial":"Mary","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sampath, Aparajithan 0000-0002-6922-4913","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6922-4913","contributorId":222486,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sampath","given":"Aparajithan","affiliations":[{"id":54490,"text":"KBR, Inc., under contract to USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Irwin, Jeffrey 0000-0001-5828-0787 jrirwin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5828-0787","contributorId":222485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irwin","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jrirwin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kropuenske, Travis 0000-0002-3269-4225","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3269-4225","contributorId":331816,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kropuenske","given":"Travis","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":53079,"text":"KBR, contractor to U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Adams, Josip 0000-0001-8470-4141","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8470-4141","contributorId":217936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Josip","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5078,"text":"Southwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Burgess, Matthew Alexander 0000-0003-3487-4972 mburgess@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3487-4972","contributorId":225090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burgess","given":"Matthew","email":"mburgess@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Alexander","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Brady, Lance R","contributorId":363145,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brady","given":"Lance","middleInitial":"R","affiliations":[{"id":86626,"text":"BLM (former USGS employee)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70272104,"text":"ofr20251046 - 2025 - Modeling floods, sediment entrainment, and downstream debris flows from hypothetical breaches of the blockage at Spirit Lake, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-03T16:29:30.731045","indexId":"ofr20251046","displayToPublicDate":"2025-11-17T07:48:44","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2025-1046","displayTitle":"Modeling Floods, Sediment Entrainment, and Downstream Debris Flows from Hypothetical Breaches of the Blockage at Spirit Lake, Washington","title":"Modeling floods, sediment entrainment, and downstream debris flows from hypothetical breaches of the blockage at Spirit Lake, Washington","docAbstract":"This report describes a modeling investigation by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) of hazards in the Toutle and Cowlitz River valleys posed by hypothetical outburst floods from Spirit Lake, Washington. A massive debris avalanche resulting from the collapse of Mount St. Helens’ north flank during the May 18, 1980, eruption blocked Spirit Lake’s natural outlet into the North Fork Toutle River. Lacking a natural outlet, subsequent runoff in the Spirit Lake watershed contributed to a rising lake level, elevating the potential for debris-dam breaching or catastrophic failure. The influence of highly erodible bed sediment in the upper North Fork Toutle River on downstream flood and debris-flow dynamics and extent is assessed in this study. Simulations of clear-water (non-erosive) outburst floods were used as a baseline and compared to erosive flows that entrain large volumes of material and transition into debris flows along their flow path, revealing the influence of entrainment on hazard extent. Clear-water floods were modeled with the shallow water equations. Erosive flows were modeled with a two-phase granular fluid model that accommodates mobilization and incorporation of sediment from the bed into the overlying flow and resultant changes in flow rheology across a wide range of solid concentrations, from dilute suspensions to dense-granular debris flows. Entrainment of bed material was found to substantially increase the total flow volume (total volume of transported water and sediment is approximately 150 percent of the water volume for non-erosive flows). Erosive flows are shown to exhibit higher flow-front speeds and faster downstream arrival times than non-erosive flows, consistent with volume amplification effects near the actively mobilizing flow front. However, the larger total volume of transported material does not necessarily lead to an enhancement of total volume throughput (cumulative discharge) or inundation extent (total affected area) for all locations along the entire flow path; while entrainment leads to the displacement of a larger volume of material overall, much of this dislocated material (water and sediment) deposits upstream from the distal extent of the flows. These results are consistent with energetic considerations of initial potential energy and granular shear resistance.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20251046","usgsCitation":"George, D.L., and Cannon, C.M., 2025, Modeling floods, sediment entrainment, and downstream debris flows from hypothetical breaches of the blockage at Spirit Lake, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2025–1046, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20251046.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 37 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"37","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-154709","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496509,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P139AC3R","text":"USGS data release","description":"George, D.L., and Cannon, C.M., 2025, Simulated floods, sediment entrainment, and debris-flow inundation in the Toutle and Cowlitz River valleys resulting from hypothetical dam breaches of Spirit Lake, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P139AC3R.","linkHelpText":"Simulated floods, sediment entrainment, and debris-flow inundation in the Toutle and Cowlitz River valleys resulting from hypothetical dam breaches of Spirit Lake, Washington"},{"id":496505,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1046/ofr20251046.pdf","text":"Report","size":"26.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2025-1046 PDF"},{"id":496504,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1046/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":497791,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_118953.htm"},{"id":496508,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1046/images"},{"id":496507,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1046/ofr20251046.XML","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"},"description":"OFR 2025-1046 XML"},{"id":496506,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20251046/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 2025-1046 HTML"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Spirit Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.133333,\n 46.2833\n ],\n [\n -122.2,\n 46.2833\n ],\n [\n -122.2,\n 46.25\n ],\n [\n -122.133333,\n 46.25\n ],\n [\n -122.133333,\n 46.2833\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"David A. Johnston Cascades Volcano Observatory
U.S. Geological Survey
1300 SE Cardinal Court
Building 10, Suite 100
Vancouver, WA 98683
Email: askCVO@usgs.gov
","tableOfContents":"