Habitat information for small mammals typically consists of anecdotal descriptions or infrequent analyses of habitat use, which often are reported erroneously as signifying habitat preference, requirements, or quality. Habitat preferences can be determined only by analysis of habitat selection, a behavioral process that results in the disproportionate use of one resource over other available resources and occurs in a hierarchical manner across different environmental scales. North American chipmunks (Neotamias and Tamias) are a prime example of the lack of studies on habitat selection for small mammal species. We used the Organ Mountains Colorado chipmunk (N. quadrivittatus australis) as a case study to determine whether previous descriptions of habitat in the literature were upheld in a multiscale habitat selection context. We tracked VHF radiocollared chipmunks and collected habitat information at used and available locations to analyze habitat selection at three scales: second order (i.e., home range), third order (i.e., within home range), and microhabitat scales. Mean home range was 2.55 ha ± 1.55 SD and did not differ between sexes. At the second and third order, N. q. australis avoided a coniferous forest land cover type and favored particular areas of arroyos (gullies) that were relatively steep-sided and greener and contained montane scrub land cover type. At the microhabitat scale, chipmunks selected areas that had greater woody plant diversity, rock ground cover, and ground cover of coarse woody debris. We concluded that habitat selection by N. q. australis fundamentally was different from descriptions of habitat in the literature that described N. quadrivittatus as primarily associated with coniferous forests. We suggest that arroyos, which are unique and rare on the landscape, function as climate refugia for these chipmunks because they create a cool, wet microclimate. Our findings demonstrate the importance of conducting multiscale habitat selection studies for small mammals to ensure that defensible and enduring habitat information is available to support appropriate conservation and management actions.
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K.","contributorId":272954,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frey","given":"Jennifer K.","affiliations":[{"id":27575,"text":"NMSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cain, James W. III 0000-0003-4743-516X jwcain@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4743-516X","contributorId":4063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cain","given":"James","suffix":"III","email":"jwcain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":837232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70223715,"text":"70223715 - 2021 - Brine-driven destruction of clay minerals in Gale crater, Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-02T12:25:17.553185","indexId":"70223715","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-09T07:22:29","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Brine-driven destruction of clay minerals in Gale crater, Mars","docAbstract":"Poaching is a pervasive threat to wildlife, yet quantifying the direct effect of poaching on wildlife is rarely possible because both wildlife and threat data are infrequently collected concurrently. In this study, we used poaching data collected through the Management Information System (MIST) and wildlife camera trap data collected by the Tropical Ecology Assessment and Monitoring (TEAM) network from 2014 to 2017 in Volcanoes National Park, Rwanda. We implemented co-occurrence multi-season occupancy models that accounted for imperfect detection to investigate the effect of poaching on initial occupancy, colonization, and extinction of 5 mammal species. Specifically, we focused on 2 species of conservation concern (mountain gorilla (Gorilla beringei beringei) and golden money (Cercopithecus mitis kandti)), and 3 species targeted by poachers (black-fronted duiker (Cephalophus nigrifrons), bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus), and African buffalo (Syncerus caffer)). We found that the probability of local extinction was highest in sites with poaching activity for golden monkey and bushbuck. In addition, the probability of initial occupancy for golden monkey was highest in sites without poaching activity. We only found weak evidence of effects of poaching on parameters governing the occupancy dynamics of the other species. All species showed evidence of poaching presence affecting the probability of detection of the wildlife species. This is the first study to our knowledge to combine direct threat observations from ranger-based monitoring data with camera trap wildlife observations to quantify the effect of poaching on wildlife. Given the widespread collection of ranger-based monitoring and camera trap data, our approach is broadly applicable to numerous protected areas and has the potential to significantly improve conservation management. Specifically, the relationship between poaching activity and wildlife population dynamics (this paper) can be combined with information on the relationship between ranger patrols and poaching activity (Moore et al. 2017) to develop models useful for making wise decisions about ranger patrol deployment.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/eap.2397","usgsCitation":"Moore, J.F., Uzabaho, E., Musana, A., Uwingell, P., Hines, J.E., and Nichols, J.D., 2021, What is the effect of poaching activity on wildlife species?: Ecological Applications, v. 31, no. 7, e02397, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2397.","productDescription":"e02397, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-118381","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":387128,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Rwanda","otherGeospatial":"Volcanoes National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 29.702911376953125,\n -1.3587440869100178\n ],\n [\n 29.663772583007812,\n -1.3882613601346867\n ],\n [\n 29.63081359863281,\n -1.3951257897508238\n ],\n [\n 29.59304809570312,\n -1.3882613601346867\n ],\n [\n 29.561462402343746,\n -1.384829137846475\n ],\n [\n 29.50721740722656,\n -1.4218968729661605\n ],\n [\n 29.49073791503906,\n -1.4383712317629698\n ],\n [\n 29.4927978515625,\n -1.4630825465188169\n ],\n [\n 29.480438232421875,\n -1.4692603328543323\n ],\n [\n 29.485244750976562,\n -1.4788701887242113\n ],\n [\n 29.461898803710938,\n -1.491912069367617\n ],\n [\n 29.439926147460934,\n -1.5269188384985064\n ],\n [\n 29.39804077148437,\n -1.5324100450044358\n ],\n [\n 29.442672729492188,\n -1.568788930117857\n ],\n [\n 29.481124877929688,\n -1.5660433757691457\n ],\n [\n 29.514770507812496,\n -1.5358420419244077\n ],\n [\n 29.519577026367188,\n -1.4891664166873633\n ],\n [\n 29.50996398925781,\n -1.4493540716333067\n ],\n [\n 29.540176391601562,\n -1.422583306939631\n ],\n [\n 29.54635620117188,\n -1.4184647000387454\n ],\n [\n 29.560775756835934,\n -1.408854588797322\n ],\n [\n 29.58549499511719,\n -1.4177782648419572\n ],\n [\n 29.641799926757812,\n -1.4232697407088846\n ],\n [\n 29.671325683593754,\n -1.412973212770802\n ],\n [\n 29.69467163085938,\n -1.4157189580307432\n ],\n [\n 29.70497131347656,\n -1.3875749160752702\n ],\n [\n 29.702911376953125,\n -1.3587440869100178\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, Jennifer F.","contributorId":189122,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moore","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":819048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Uzabaho, Eustrate","contributorId":260880,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Uzabaho","given":"Eustrate","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52699,"text":"Intl. Gorilla Conservation Programme, Rwanda","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Musana, Abel","contributorId":260881,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Musana","given":"Abel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52700,"text":"Rwanda Development Board, Rwanda","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Uwingell, Prosper","contributorId":260882,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Uwingell","given":"Prosper","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52700,"text":"Rwanda Development Board, Rwanda","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hines, James E. 0000-0001-5478-7230 jhines@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":146530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"James","email":"jhines@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nichols, James D. 0000-0002-7631-2890 jnichols@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":200533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70223240,"text":"70223240 - 2021 - National Park Service Vegetation Mapping Inventory Program: Great Smoky Mountains National Park vegetation mapping project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-19T15:13:17.0885","indexId":"70223240","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-01T10:01:38","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":53,"text":"Natural Resource Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"2021/2285","title":"National Park Service Vegetation Mapping Inventory Program: Great Smoky Mountains National Park vegetation mapping project","docAbstract":"The National Park Service (NPS) Vegetation Mapping Inventory (VMI) Program is an effort to classify, describe, and map existing vegetation communities in national park units throughout the United States. The NPS VMI Program is managed by the NPS Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Inventory and Monitoring Program and provides baseline vegetation information to natural resource managers, researchers, and ecologists. The U.S. Geological Survey Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, NatureServe, and NPS Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GRSM, also referred to as the “Park”) have completed vegetation classification and mapping of GRSM, including the Foothills Parkway, for the NPS VMI Program.
Mappers, ecologists, and botanists collaborated to affirm vegetation types of GRSM and to determine how best to map the vegetation types by using aerial imagery. A vegetation classification developed in 2003 by NatureServe and the NPS served as a foundation to further classify and map the vegetation types of the Park. Data from an additional 10 vegetation plots supported vegetation types either rare or not documented in the 2003 classification. Data from 203 verification sites were collected to test the field key to vegetation types and the application of vegetation types to a sample set of map polygons. Furthermore, data from 972 accuracy assessment (AA) sites were collected (of which 966 were used to test accuracy of the vegetation map layer). This GRSM vegetation mapping project identified 112 vegetation types consisting of 105 association types in the U.S. National Vegetation Classification (USNVC), 2 “park-special” types, 1 “map-special” type, and 4 cultural types in the USNVC.
To map the vegetation and land cover of GRSM, 52 map classes were developed. Of these 52 map classes, 46 represent natural (including ruderal) vegetation types, most of which types are recognized in the USNVC. For the remaining 6 of the 52 map classes, 4 represent USNVC cultural types for agricultural and developed areas, and 2 represent non-USNVC types for nonvegetated open water and nonvegetated rock. Features were interpreted from viewing four-band digital aerial imagery using digital onscreen three-dimensional stereoscopic workflow systems in geographic information systems; digital aerial imagery was collected during September 23–October 30, 2015. The interpreted data were digitally and spatially referenced, thus making the spatial-database layers usable in a geographic information system. Polygon units were mapped to either a 0.5- or 0.25- hectare (ha) minimum mapping unit, depending on vegetation type.
A geodatabase containing several feature-class layers and tables provides the locations and data of USNVC vegetation types (vegetation map layer), vegetation plots, verification sites, AA sites, project boundary extent, and aerial image centers and flight lines.
Covering 210,875 ha, the feature-class layer and related tables for the vegetation map layer provide 34,084 polygons of detailed attribute data when special modifiers are not considered (average polygon size of 6.2 ha) and 36,589 polygons of detailed attribute data when special modifiers are considered (average polygon size of 5.8 ha). Each map polygon is assigned a map-class code and name and, when applicable, are linked to USNVC classification tables within the geodatabase. The vegetation map extent includes the administrative boundary for GRSM and the Foothills Parkway.
A summary report, generated from the vegetation map layer, concludes that the 46 map classes representing natural (including ruderal) vegetation types apply to 99.2% of polygons (33,797 polygons; average size of 6.2 ha) and cover 98.6% of the Park (207,971.4 ha). Further broken down, map classes representing natural vegetation types indicate that the Park is 97.7% forest and woodland (205,882.5 ha), 0.6% shrubland (1,174.6 ha), and 0.4% herbaceous (914.3 ha). Map classes representing cultural vegetation types apply to 0.8% of polygons (259 polygons; average size of 4.9 ha) and cover 0.6% of the Park (1,277.4 ha). Map classes representing nonvegetation open and flowing water and unvegetated rock apply to 0.08% of polygons (28 polygons; average size of 58.1 ha) and cover 0.8% of the Park (1,625.9 ha).
A thematic AA study was completed of map classes representing the natural (including ruderal) vegetation types of the Park. Initial AA results were discussed with NPS staff from the Park. Following input from NPS staff on how to handle map classes that fell below accuracy standards, adjustments were made to the vegetation map layer. Final results indicate an overall accuracy of 80.64% (kappa index of 79.96% for chance agreements) based on data from 966 of the 972 AA sites. Most individual map-class themes exceed the NPS VMI Program standard of 80% with a 90% confidence interval.
The GRSM vegetation mapping project delivers many geospatial and vegetation data products, including an in-depth project report discussing methods and results, which includes map classification and map-class descriptions. This suite of products also includes descriptions and a field key to vegetation types; a database of vegetation plots, verification sites, and AA sites; digital images of field sites; field data sheets; digital aerial imagery; hardcopy and digital maps; a geodatabase of vegetation and land cover (map layer), field sites (vegetation plots, verification sites, and AA sites), aerial imagery index, project boundary, and metadata; and a contingency table listing AA results. Geospatial products are projected in the Universal Transverse Mercator, Zone 17 North, by using the North American Datum of 1983. Information on the NPS VMI Program and completed mapping projects are on the internet at https://www.nps.gov/im/vegetation-inventory.htm.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","doi":"10.36967/nrr-2286888","usgsCitation":"Hop, K.D., Strassman, A.C., Sattler, S., White, R., Pyne, M., Govus, T., and Dieck, J., 2021, National Park Service Vegetation Mapping Inventory Program: Great Smoky Mountains National Park vegetation mapping project: Natural Resource Report 2021/2285, 220 p., https://doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2286888.","productDescription":"220 p.","ipdsId":"IP-120204","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":388150,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, Tennessee","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.023681640625,\n 35.594785665487244\n ],\n [\n -83.09783935546875,\n 35.806676609227054\n ],\n [\n -83.40545654296875,\n 35.762114795721\n ],\n [\n -83.88336181640625,\n 35.68853320738875\n ],\n [\n -84.034423828125,\n 35.545635932499415\n ],\n [\n -83.90808105468749,\n 35.43605776486772\n ],\n [\n -83.5565185546875,\n 35.39800594715108\n ],\n [\n -83.30657958984375,\n 35.47409160773029\n ],\n [\n -83.023681640625,\n 35.594785665487244\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hop, Kevin D. 0000-0002-9928-4773 khop@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9928-4773","contributorId":1438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hop","given":"Kevin","email":"khop@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Strassman, Andrew C. 0000-0002-9792-7181 astrassman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9792-7181","contributorId":4575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strassman","given":"Andrew","email":"astrassman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sattler, Stephanie 0000-0003-4417-2480 ssattler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4417-2480","contributorId":191016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sattler","given":"Stephanie","email":"ssattler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"White, Rickie","contributorId":201063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"Rickie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":821498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pyne, Milo","contributorId":201061,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pyne","given":"Milo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":821499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Govus, Tom","contributorId":264417,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Govus","given":"Tom","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17658,"text":"NatureServe","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dieck, Jennifer 0000-0002-4388-4534 jdieck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4388-4534","contributorId":149647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dieck","given":"Jennifer","email":"jdieck@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70221875,"text":"70221875 - 2021 - A tale of two valleys: Endangered species policy and the fate of the giant gartersnake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-13T09:58:24.914439","indexId":"70221875","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-01T09:28:43","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":8958,"text":"California Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A tale of two valleys: Endangered species policy and the fate of the giant gartersnake","docAbstract":"By the mid-20th Century, giant gartersnakes (Thamnophis gigas) had lost more than 90% of their Central Valley marsh habitat and were extirpated from more than two-thirds of their range. This massive habitat loss led to their inclusion in the inaugural list of rare species under the California Endangered Species Act (CESA). Listing under the CESA provided giant gartersnakes legal protection and mechanisms for recovery, and subsequent listing under the U.S. Endangered Species Act (U.S. ESA) further fortified these protections. But how effective has listing under these endangered species acts (ESAs) been at achieving their goal of giant gartersnake recovery? Herein, we review relevant aspects of giant gartersnake ecology, illustrate how listing has benefitted giant gartersnakes and what challenges have been faced in slowing declines and recovering populations, and chart a course towardprovide options for improved conservation, management, and recovery of giant gartersnakes. Although listing as threatened under both state and federal ESAs has not yet achieved recovery of giant gartersnakes, the increased knowledge gained and mechanisms for protecting giant gartersnake habitat on private and public lands developed over the past 50 years has improved conservation of this endemic California snake.","language":"English","publisher":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife","doi":"10.51492/cfwj.cesasi.16","usgsCitation":"Halstead, B., Valcarcel, P., Kim, R., Jordan, A., Rose, J.P., Skalos, S., Reyes, G., Ersan, J., Casazza, M.L., Essert, A., and Fulton, A.M., 2021, A tale of two valleys: Endangered species policy and the fate of the giant gartersnake: California Fish and Wildlife, p. 264-283, https://doi.org/10.51492/cfwj.cesasi.16.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"264","endPage":"283","ipdsId":"IP-123451","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451670,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.51492/cfwj.cesasi.16","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":387110,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Giant Gartersnake Range","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.431640625,\n 40.88029480552824\n ],\n [\n -122.84912109375,\n 40.463666324587685\n ],\n [\n -122.62939453125001,\n 38.89103282648846\n ],\n [\n -121.75048828124999,\n 37.50972584293751\n ],\n [\n -120.60791015625,\n 36.03133177633187\n ],\n [\n -118.93798828125,\n 34.831841149828655\n ],\n [\n -118.01513671875,\n 35.11990857099681\n ],\n [\n -118.5205078125,\n 36.10237644873644\n ],\n 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Skalos, Shannon 0000-0003-1229-8580 sskalos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1229-8580","contributorId":167191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skalos","given":"Shannon","email":"sskalos@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Reyes, Gabriel 0000-0001-9281-5300 greyes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9281-5300","contributorId":199338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reyes","given":"Gabriel","email":"greyes@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":819161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ersan, Julia 0000-0002-1549-7561","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1549-7561","contributorId":218034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ersan","given":"Julia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Essert, Allison 0000-0003-4408-5934 aessert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4408-5934","contributorId":199341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Essert","given":"Allison","email":"aessert@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":819164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Fulton, Alexandria M","contributorId":260937,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fulton","given":"Alexandria","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":39913,"text":"former WERC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70223163,"text":"70223163 - 2021 - Conspecific and congeneric interactions shape increasing rates of breeding dispersal of northern spotted owls","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-06T15:55:10.235775","indexId":"70223163","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-01T06:45:57","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Conspecific and congeneric interactions shape increasing rates of breeding dispersal of northern spotted owls","docAbstract":"Breeding dispersal, the movement from one breeding territory to another, is rare for philopatric species that evolved within relatively stable environments, such as the old-growth coniferous forests of the Pacific Northwest. Although dispersal is not inherently maladaptive, the consequences of increased dispersal on population dynamics in populations whose historical dispersal rates are low could be significant, particularly for a declining species. We examined rates and possible causes of breeding dispersal based on a sample of 4,118 northern spotted owls (Strix occidentalis caurina) monitored in seven study areas over 28 yr, 1990–2017, in Oregon and Washington, USA. Using a multistate mark–resight analysis, we investigated the potential impacts of an emergent congeneric competitor (barred owl Strix varia) and forest alteration (extrinsic factors), and social and individual conditions (intrinsic factors) on 408 successive and 1,372 nonsuccessive dispersal events between years. The annual probability of breeding dispersal increased for individual owls that had also dispersed in the previous year and decreased for owls on territories with historically high levels of reproduction. Intrinsic factors including pair status, prior reproductive success, and experience at a site, were also associated with breeding dispersal movements. The percent of monitored owls dispersing each year increased from ˜7% early in the study to ˜25% at the end of the study, which coincided with a rapid increase in numbers of invasive and competitively dominant barred owls. We suggest that the results presented here can inform spotted owl conservation efforts as we identify factors contributing to changing rates of demographic parameters including site fidelity and breeding dispersal. Our study further shows that increasing rates of breeding dispersal associated with population declines contribute to population instability and vulnerability of northern spotted owls to extinction, and the prognosis is unlikely to change unless active management interventions are undertaken.
In this paper, we present an analysis using unsupervised machine learning (ML) to identify the key geologic factors that contribute to the geothermal production in Brady geothermal field. Brady is a hydrothermal system in northwestern Nevada that supports both electricity production and direct use of hydrothermal fluids. Transmissive fluid-flow pathways are relatively rare in the subsurface, but are critical components of hydrothermal systems like Brady and many other types of fluid-flow systems in fractured rock. Here, we analyze geologic data with ML methods to unravel the local geologic controls on these pathways. The ML method, non-negative matrix factorization with k-means clustering (NMFk), is applied to a library of 14 3D geologic characteristics hypothesized to control hydrothermal circulation in the Brady geothermal field. Our results indicate that macro-scale faults and a local step-over in the fault system preferentially occur along production wells when compared to injection wells and non-productive wells. We infer that these are the key geologic characteristics that control the through-going hydrothermal transmission pathways at Brady. Our results demonstrate: (1) the specific geologic controls on the Brady hydrothermal system and (2) the efficacy of pairing ML techniques with 3D geologic characterization to enhance the understanding of subsurface processes.
Conservation actions to safeguard climate change vulnerable species may not be utilized due to a variety of perceived barriers. Assisted colonization, the intentional movement and release of an organism outside its historical range, is one tool available for species predicted to lose habitat under future climate change scenarios, particularly for single island or single mountain range endemic species. Despite the existence of policies that allow for this action, to date, assisted colonization has rarely been utilized for species of conservation concern in the Hawaiian Islands. Given the potential for climate driven biodiversity loss, the Hawaiian Islands are a prime location for the consideration of adaptation strategies. We used first-person interviews with conservation decision makers, managers, and scientists who work with endangered species in the Hawaiian Islands to identify perceived barriers to the use of assisted colonization. We found that assisted colonization was often not considered or utilized due to a lack of expertize with translocations; ecological risk and uncertainty, economic constraints, concerns regarding policies and permitting, concerns with public perception, and institutional resistance. Therefore, conservation planners may benefit from decision tools that integrate risk and uncertainty into decision models, and compare potential outcomes among conservation actions under consideration, including assisted colonization. Within a decision framework that addresses concerns, all conservation actions for climate sensitive species, including assisted colonization, may be considered in a timely manner.
Tungsten (W) is rarely found in natural waters, yet it can be introduced into the food chain and cause potentially toxic effects. Uptake of W by plants and vegetables, or trace presence of W in drinking water are possible vectors for ingestion of W by humans. The latter is recognized as a possible cause of lymphatic leukemia. Increased uses of W might result in a degradation of water resources, with attendant adverse effects on biota and human health. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating regional occurrence and speciation of W in aquatic systems in Sardinia, Italy, factors affecting W mobility and possible relations with other oxyanion-forming trace elements such as Sb, As and Mo. Although our results are specifically from Sardinia, the implications are broader and should prompt future studies in other areas with known high W concentrations.
A total of 350 sample sites are reported here, including surface waters, groundwaters, mine drainages, thermal waters and local seawater. The waters were analyzed for major and trace components, including W, Sb, As and Mo. The waters showed a variety of major chemical compositions and W concentrations. High concentrations of W were found in some mine waters and drainages from slag heaps, with W, Sb and As up to 140, 5000 and 800 μg L−1, respectively. The highest concentrations of W occurred under slightly alkaline pH and oxygenated conditions, and were likely due to the dissolution of scheelite [CaWO4] hosted in materials with which the water came into contact. High W concentrations also were observed in thermal waters, under alkaline pH and reducing conditions, and sometimes coincided with relatively high concentrations either of As or Mo.
Previous studies of W geochemistry have focused on WO42− as the major dissolved form of W. For this study, we have augmented the thermodynamic database in PHREEQC to include possible formation of many other W-bearing complexes gleaned from the literature. The results of the speciation calculations with the newly added complexation reactions shows that the neutral species CaWO4° and MgWO4° are particularly dominant in most W-bearing waters and lead to undersaturation with respect to scheelite and other W-bearing minerals.
Assessing W contamination in water systems and establishing W limits in drinking water may prevent potential adverse effects of W on human and ecosystem health.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2021.106846","usgsCitation":"Cidu, R., Biddau, R., Frau, F., Wanty, R., and Naitza, S., 2021, Regional occurrence of aqueous tungsten and relations with antimony, arsenic and molybdenum concentrations (Sardinia, Italy): Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 229, 106846, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2021.106846.","productDescription":"106846, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-127822","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":399886,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Italy","otherGeospatial":"Sardinia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 7.943115234375001,\n 38.865374851611634\n ],\n [\n 9.920654296875,\n 38.865374851611634\n ],\n [\n 9.920654296875,\n 41.31082388091818\n ],\n [\n 7.943115234375001,\n 41.31082388091818\n ],\n [\n 7.943115234375001,\n 38.865374851611634\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"229","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cidu, Rosa","contributorId":290729,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cidu","given":"Rosa","affiliations":[{"id":16820,"text":"University of Cagliari","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":841689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Biddau, Riccardo","contributorId":290730,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Biddau","given":"Riccardo","affiliations":[{"id":16820,"text":"University of Cagliari","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":841690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Frau, Franco","contributorId":290731,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frau","given":"Franco","affiliations":[{"id":16820,"text":"University of Cagliari","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":841691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wanty, Richard B. 0000-0002-2063-6423","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2063-6423","contributorId":209899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wanty","given":"Richard","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":841692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Naitza, Stefano","contributorId":290732,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Naitza","given":"Stefano","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16820,"text":"University of Cagliari","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":841693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70223388,"text":"70223388 - 2021 - Sea otter population collapse in southwest Alaska: Assessing ecological covariates, consequences, and causal factors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-16T15:36:04.430448","indexId":"70223388","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-15T07:37:38","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1459,"text":"Ecological Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sea otter population collapse in southwest Alaska: Assessing ecological covariates, consequences, and causal factors","docAbstract":"Sea otter (Enhydra lutris) populations in southwest Alaska declined substantially between about 1990 and the most recent set of surveys in 2015. Here we report changes in the distribution and abundance of sea otters, and covarying patterns in reproduction, mortality, body size and condition, diet and foraging behavior, food availability, health profiles, and exposure to environmental contaminants over this 25-yr period. The population decline, which resulted in densities on the order of 5% of environmental carrying capacity, ranged from Attu Island in the west to about Castle Cape (on the south side of the Alaska Peninsula) in the east. Remaining sea otters moved closer to shore and into shallow, protected habitats. Reproductive rates appeared unchanged with the decline. Although the demographic cause of the decline was clearly elevated mortality, stranded carcasses were rare or absent. The net rate of energy gain by foraging sea otters, body length and condition, and prey biomass density, all increased after the decline and varied inversely with sea otter population density beyond the area of decline. Sea otters within the area of decline showed no increases in health anomalies, disease, contaminant exposure, or abnormal gene transcription patterns as compared to animals outside the area of decline. These collective findings are inconsistent with nutritional limitation, disease, or environmental contaminants, and consistent with predation (or possibly some other density-independent factor) as the reason for the sea otter population decline. Our approach and analyses provide a broad conceptual template for thinking about and assessing the causes of wildlife population declines.
Pesticides occur in urban streams globally, but the relation of occurrence to urbanization can be obscured by regional differences. In studies of five regions of the United States, we investigated the effect of region and urbanization on the occurrence and potential toxicity of dissolved pesticide mixtures. We analyzed 225 pesticide compounds in weekly discrete water samples collected during 6–12 weeks from 271 wadable streams; development in these basins ranged from undeveloped to highly urbanized. Sixteen pesticides were consistently detected in 16 urban centers across the five regions—we propose that these pesticides comprise a suite of urban signature pesticides (USP) that are all common in small U.S. urban streams. These USPs accounted for the majority of summed maximum pesticide concentrations at urban sites within each urban center. USP concentrations, mixture complexity, and potential toxicity increased with the degree of urbanization in the basin. Basin urbanization explained the most variability in multivariate distance-based models of pesticide profiles, with region always secondary in importance. The USPs accounted for 83% of pesticides in the 20 most frequently occurring 2-compound unique mixtures at urban sites, with carbendazim+prometon the most common. Although USPs were consistently detected in all regions, detection frequencies and concentrations varied by region, conferring differences in potential aquatic toxicity. Potential toxicity was highest for invertebrates (benchmarks exceeded in 51% of urban streams), due most often to the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid and secondarily to organophosphate insecticides and fipronil. Benchmarks were rarely exceeded in urban streams for plants (at 3% of sites) or fish (<1%). We propose that the USPs identified here would make logical core (nonexclusive) constituents for monitoring dissolved pesticides in U.S. urban streams, and that unique mixtures containing imidacloprid, fipronil, and carbendazim are priority candidates for mixtures toxicity testing.
Connecting earthquake nucleation in basement rock to fluid injection in basal, sedimentary reservoirs, depends heavily on choices related to the poroelastic properties of the fluid-rock system, thermo-chemical effects notwithstanding. Direct constraints on these parameters outside of laboratory settings are rare, and it is commonly assumed that the rock layers are isotropic. With the Arbuckle wastewater disposal reservoir in Osage County, Oklahoma, high-frequency formation pressure changes and collocated broadband ground velocities measured during the passing of large teleseismic waves show a poroelastic response of the reservoir that is both azimuthally variable and anisotropic; this includes evidence of static shifts in pressure that presumably relate to changes in local permeability. The azimuthal dependence in both the static response and shear coupling appears related to tectonic stress and strain indicators such as the orientations of the maximum horizontal stress and faults and fractures. Using dynamic strains from a nearby borehole strainmeter, we show that the ratio of shear to volumetric strain coupling is
Rapids habitats are critical spawning and nursery grounds for multiple Laurentian Great Lakes fishes of ecological importance such as lake sturgeon, walleye, and salmonids. However, river modifications have destroyed important rapids habitat in connecting channels by modifying flow profiles and removing large quantities of cobble and gravel that are preferred spawning substrates of several fish species. The conversion of rapids habitat to slow moving waters has altered fish assemblages and decreased the spawning success of lithophilic species. The St. Marys River is a Great Lakes connecting channel in which the majority of rapids habitat has been lost. However, rapids habitat was restored at the Little Rapids in 2016 to recover important spawning habitat in this river. During the restoration, flow and substrate were recovered to rapids habitat. We sampled the fish community (pre- and post-restoration), focusing on age-0 fishes in order to characterize the response of the fish assemblage to the restoration, particularly for species of importance (e.g. lake whitefish, walleye, Atlantic salmon). Following restoration, we observed a 40% increase in age-0 fish catch per unit effort, increased presence of rare species, and a shift in assemblage structure of age-0 fishes (higher relative abundance of Salmonidae, Cottidae, and Gasterosteidae). We also observed a “transition” period in 2017, in which the assemblage was markedly different from the pre- and post-restoration assemblages and was dominated by Catostomidae. Responses from target species were mixed, with increased Atlantic salmon abundance, first documented presence of walleye and no presence of lake sturgeon or Coregoninae.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2021.05.009","usgsCitation":"Molina-Moctezuma, A., Godby, N., Kapuscinski, K., Roseman, E., Skubik, K., and Moerke, A., 2021, Response of fish assemblages to restoration of rapids habitat in a Great Lakes connecting channel: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 47, no. 4, p. 1182-1191, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2021.05.009.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1182","endPage":"1191","ipdsId":"IP-126170","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451907,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2021.05.009","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":388884,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Michigan, Ontario","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.37362670898438,\n 46.150345757336574\n ],\n [\n -83.9190673828125,\n 46.150345757336574\n ],\n [\n -83.9190673828125,\n 46.538082005463075\n ],\n [\n -84.37362670898438,\n 46.538082005463075\n ],\n [\n -84.37362670898438,\n 46.150345757336574\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Molina-Moctezuma, A.","contributorId":247565,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Molina-Moctezuma","given":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":49581,"text":"Lake Superior State Univ.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Godby, N.","contributorId":265347,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Godby","given":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":6983,"text":"Michigan DNR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kapuscinski, K.","contributorId":247567,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kapuscinski","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49581,"text":"Lake Superior State Univ.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roseman, Edward F. 0000-0002-5315-9838","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5315-9838","contributorId":217909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roseman","given":"Edward F.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":822598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Skubik, K.","contributorId":265348,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Skubik","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49581,"text":"Lake Superior State Univ.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Moerke, A.","contributorId":247569,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moerke","given":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":49581,"text":"Lake Superior State Univ.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70223351,"text":"70223351 - 2021 - Population estimates and trends of three Maui Island-endemic Hawaiian Honeycreepers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-24T12:51:04.010857","indexId":"70223351","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-11T07:48:46","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population estimates and trends of three Maui Island-endemic Hawaiian Honeycreepers","docAbstract":"Population monitoring is critical for informing the management and conservation of rare Hawaiian forest birds. In 2017, we used point-transect distance sampling methods to estimate population densities of birds on Haleakalā Volcano on east Maui island. We estimated the populations and ranges of three island-endemic Hawaiian honeycreepers, including the endangered ‘Ākohekohe (Palmeria dolei), the endangered Kiwikiu (Maui Parrotbill; Pseudonestor xanthophrys), and the Maui ʻAlauahio (Paroreomyza montana newtoni). We examined population trends back to 1980, and our 2017 density estimates were the lowest ever recorded for each species. Most concerning was the status of Kiwikiu, with a 71% decline in population since 2001 to a current population of 157 (95% CI 44–312) birds. The population of ‘Ākohekohe similarly decreased by 78% to a current population of 1768 (1193–2411) birds. For both species, population declines were due to declines in density and contraction of ranges from lower elevations. Both species are now restricted to ranges of less than 3000 ha. We surveyed ~ 91% of the range of Maui ‘Alauahio and estimated a population of 99,060 (88,502–106,954) birds, a 41% decrease since the highest estimate in 1992. Contraction of ranges to higher elevations is consistent with evidence that the impacts of avian malaria are being exacerbated by global warming trends. Our results indicate that the landscape control of either avian malaria transmission or its vector (Culex mosquitoes) will be a pre-requisite to preventing the extinction of endemic forest birds in Hawaii.
In the North Atlantic Ocean, multidecadal variability in sea surface temperatures (SSTs) over the past several centuries has largely been inferred through terrestrial proxies and decadally resolved marine proxies. Annually resolved proxy records from marine archives provide valuable insight into this variability, but are especially rare from high latitude environments, particularly for centennial timescales. We constructed continuous, absolutely dated records of shell growth (1449–2014 CE; 564 years) and oxygen isotope ratios (δ18Oshell; 1539–2014 CE; 476 years) from shells of the bivalve Arctica islandica from coastal northern Norway, a location sensitive to large-scale North Atlantic Ocean dynamics. An annual (January–December) SST reconstruction derived from δ18Oshell for the past five centuries suggests an increase of at least 2°C from the mid-18th century to 2014. The SST reconstruction correlates significantly with instrumental records and with other proxy reconstructions in the southern Barents Sea region. Spectral analysis of the shell growth and isotope records supports evidence for Atlantic multidecadal variability (65–80 year periodicity) extending into polar and subpolar latitudes for the past five centuries. These results provide additional evidence that multidecadal variability in SSTs are a persistent feature of the North Atlantic marine system.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2020JC017074","usgsCitation":"Mette, M., Wanamaker, A.D., Retelle, M.J., Carroll, M.L., Andersson, C., and Ambrose, W.G., 2021, Persistent multidecadal variability since the 15th century in the southern Barents Sea derived from annually resolved shell-based records: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, v. 126, no. 6, e2020JC017074, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JC017074.","productDescription":"e2020JC017074, 22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-124748","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":386676,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Norway, Iceland, Greenland","otherGeospatial":"Greenland Sea, Iceland Sea, Norwegian Sea, Barents Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 5.2734375,\n 58.26328705248601\n ],\n [\n 6.6796875,\n 61.60639637138628\n ],\n [\n 15.99609375,\n 67.40748724648756\n ],\n [\n 27.24609375,\n 70.78690984117928\n ],\n [\n 61.69921875,\n 77.19617635994676\n ],\n [\n 15.99609375,\n 76.63922560965885\n ],\n [\n 4.04296875,\n 79.74993207509453\n ],\n [\n -18.45703125,\n 79.20430943611333\n ],\n [\n -24.609375,\n 73.3782147793946\n ],\n [\n -36.73828124999999,\n 65.94647177615738\n ],\n [\n -42.01171875,\n 62.67414334669093\n ],\n [\n -29.003906249999996,\n 52.482780222078226\n ],\n [\n -11.42578125,\n 57.040729838360875\n ],\n [\n -0.87890625,\n 61.52269494598361\n ],\n [\n 5.2734375,\n 58.26328705248601\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"126","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-06-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mette, Madelyn Jean 0000-0002-4504-8847","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4504-8847","contributorId":260511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mette","given":"Madelyn Jean","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wanamaker, Alan D. Jr.","contributorId":260512,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wanamaker","given":"Alan","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":52605,"text":"Iowa State University, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Retelle, Michael J. 0000-0002-5341-0711","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5341-0711","contributorId":260513,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Retelle","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":52606,"text":"Bates College, USA; University Centre in Svalbard, Norway","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carroll, Michael L. 0000-0002-1530-6016","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1530-6016","contributorId":260514,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carroll","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":52607,"text":"Akvaplan-niva, FRAM - High North Research Centre for Climate and the Environment, Norway","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Andersson, Carin 0000-0002-7113-6066","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7113-6066","contributorId":260515,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Andersson","given":"Carin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52608,"text":"NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Norway; Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Norway","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ambrose, William G. Jr. 0000-0002-0709-7779","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0709-7779","contributorId":260516,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ambrose","given":"William","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":52609,"text":"Coastal Carolina University, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70241519,"text":"70241519 - 2021 - Predictability of invasive Argentine ant distribution across Mediterranean ecoregions of southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-22T13:34:27.063066","indexId":"70241519","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-07T08:28:47","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3746,"text":"Western North American Naturalist","onlineIssn":"1944-8341","printIssn":"1527-0904","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predictability of invasive Argentine ant distribution across Mediterranean ecoregions of southern California","docAbstract":"The invasiveness of nonnative taxa can vary across a landscape due to environmental gradients, suggesting that location-dependent management strategies may be more effective at reducing spread compared to a “one size fits all” approach across the entire introduced range. Using bait stations placed along linear transects within habitat preserves, we tested for effects of ecoregion, vegetation, soil moisture, habitat edge type (i.e., moisture source), and distance from edges on the presence of the invasive Argentine ant Linepithema humile in San Diego County, California, a region with high indigenous biodiversity and numerous rare and protected species. Our results showed an inverse relationship between the presence of native ant species and the presence of the Argentine ant across ecoregions, with the latter reaching peak abundance in the coastal terrace. Argentine ant presence was negatively associated with distance from all edge types regardless of location, but the magnitude of this effect varied among ecoregions. In the xeric foothill and inland valleys, the probability of occurrence was nearly 0 at distances of 200 m and 750 m from moisture edges, respectively, whereas in the coastal terrace, the probability remained above 0.80 at distances up to 1.25 km. When compared to previous studies at different spatial scales, these findings provide an alternative perspective on the invasiveness of the Argentine ant at the landscape level. Our results further suggest that efforts to control spread in regions with a Mediterranean climate may be more successful in inland areas, where the ant is likely to have lower environmental tolerance and native ant species may be better able to generate biotic resistance. In contrast, different tactics and expectations may be necessary for coastal areas, where the same constraints are diminished or absent.
","language":"English","publisher":"Brigham Young University","doi":"10.3398/064.081.0208","usgsCitation":"Richmond, J.Q., Matsuda, T., Brehme, C.S., Perkins, E., and Fisher, R., 2021, Predictability of invasive Argentine ant distribution across Mediterranean ecoregions of southern California: Western North American Naturalist, v. 81, no. 2, p. 243-256, https://doi.org/10.3398/064.081.0208.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"243","endPage":"256","ipdsId":"IP-122831","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":414545,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Diego County","otherGeospatial":"Palomar and Laguna Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.11548632812577,\n 32.54194836678279\n ],\n [\n -116.40106393709056,\n 32.59596039805017\n ],\n [\n -116.40483397609356,\n 33.42110265634582\n ],\n [\n -117.14622140896292,\n 33.41740053633521\n ],\n [\n -117.48608470942531,\n 33.511908134079505\n ],\n [\n -117.67818135751273,\n 33.47083053561539\n ],\n [\n -117.40727582815857,\n 33.26926893986678\n ],\n [\n -117.264434730863,\n 32.89370420929002\n ],\n [\n -117.28413695117968,\n 32.83164417567744\n ],\n [\n -117.264434730863,\n 32.682523089936595\n ],\n [\n -117.12159363356713,\n 32.52899985746883\n ],\n [\n -117.11548632812577,\n 32.54194836678279\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"81","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Richmond, Jonathan Q. 0000-0001-9398-4894 jrichmond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9398-4894","contributorId":5400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"Jonathan","email":"jrichmond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Q.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":867084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matsuda, Tritia 0000-0001-9271-7671","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9271-7671","contributorId":213956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matsuda","given":"Tritia","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":867085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brehme, Cheryl S. 0000-0001-8904-3354 cbrehme@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8904-3354","contributorId":3419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brehme","given":"Cheryl","email":"cbrehme@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":867086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Perkins, Emily E. 0000-0002-6286-3480","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6286-3480","contributorId":225022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"Emily E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":867087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":51675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":867088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70255078,"text":"70255078 - 2021 - Modeling opportunistic exploitation: Increased extinction risk when targeting more than one species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-12T16:51:25.835725","indexId":"70255078","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-01T11:48:32","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling opportunistic exploitation: Increased extinction risk when targeting more than one species","docAbstract":"Extinction rates are increasing globally, and direct exploitation is an important driver. Many pathways have been proposed to explain how exploitation can lead to extinction. One of these proposed but understudied multispecies pathways is opportunistic exploitation, which occurs when a highly valuable but rare species is encountered and targeted during exploitation of a less valuable, but more common, target species. Using individual-based simulations of exploiters in a two-species spatial model, we contribute evidence which supports that opportunistic exploitation increases depletion when compared to single-species exploitation, and is as detrimental to the more valuable, rare species as the anthropogenic Allee effect (where price increases with rarity) and the Allee effect (where population growth declines at low abundance). The most important factors affecting the impact of opportunistic exploitation are gross revenue and abundance of the more common, less valuable species, while ease of capture and growth rate of the more common, less valuable species are less important. Thus, valuable but rare species are most at risk when harvested alongside low-value abundant species; this information is relevant for managers focused on protection of rare species in multispecies systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2021.109611","usgsCitation":"Thurner, S., Converse, S.J., and Branch, T., 2021, Modeling opportunistic exploitation: Increased extinction risk when targeting more than one species: Ecological Modelling, v. 454, 109611, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2021.109611.","productDescription":"109611, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-126753","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452034,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2021.109611","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":430024,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"454","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thurner, S.","contributorId":338523,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thurner","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12729,"text":"UW","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Converse, Sarah J. 0000-0002-3719-5441 sconverse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3719-5441","contributorId":173772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Converse","given":"Sarah","email":"sconverse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":903329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Branch, Trevor A.","contributorId":172088,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Branch","given":"Trevor A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":903330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70221725,"text":"70221725 - 2021 - Improving species status assessments under the U.S. Endangered Species Act and implications for multispecies conservation challenges worldwide","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-10T16:36:17.553183","indexId":"70221725","displayToPublicDate":"2021-05-31T07:50:30","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Improving species status assessments under the U.S. Endangered Species Act and implications for multispecies conservation challenges worldwide","docAbstract":"Despite its successes, the U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA) has proven challenging to implement due to funding limitations, workload backlog, and other problems. As threats to species survival intensify and as more species come under threat, the need for the ESA and similar conservation laws and policies in other countries to function efficiently has grown. Attempts by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) to streamline ESA decisions include multispecies recovery plans and habitat conservation plans. We address species status assessment (SSA), a USFWS process to inform ESA decisions from listing to recovery, within the context of multispecies and ecosystem planning. Although existing SSAs have a single-species focus, ecosystem-based research can efficiently inform multiple SSAs within a region and provide a foundation for transition to multispecies SSAs in the future. We considered at-risk grassland species and ecosystems within the southeastern United States, where a disproportionate number of rare and endemic species are associated with grasslands. To initiate our ecosystem-based approach, we used a combined literature-based and structured World Café workshop format to identify science needs for SSAs. Discussions concentrated on 5 categories of threats to grassland species and ecosystems, consistent with recommendations to make shared threats a focus of planning under the ESA: (1) habitat loss, fragmentation, and disruption of functional connectivity; (2) climate change; (3) altered disturbance regimes; (4) invasive species; and (5) localized impacts. For each threat, workshop participants identified science and information needs, including database availability, research priorities, and modeling and mapping needs. Grouping species by habitat and shared threats can make the SSA process and other planning processes for conservation of at-risk species worldwide more efficient and useful. We found a combination of literature review and structured discussion effective for identifying the scientific information and analysis needed to support the development of multiple SSAs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Conservation Biology","doi":"10.1111/cobi.13777","usgsCitation":"Noss, R., Cartwright, J.M., Estes, D., Witsell, T., Elliott, G., Adams, D.S., Albrecht, M.A., Boyles, R., Comer, P., Doffitt, C., Hill, J.G., Hunter, W.C., Knapp, W.M., Marshall, M., Singhurst, J.R., Tracey, C., Walck, J.L., and Weakley, A., 2021, Improving species status assessments under the U.S. Endangered Species Act and implications for multispecies conservation challenges worldwide: Conservation Biology, v. 35, no. 6, p. 1715-1724, https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.13777.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1715","endPage":"1724","ipdsId":"IP-122143","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452069,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.13777","text":"External 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We studied reptile and amphibian species diversity and abundance in a highly fragmented landscape adjacent to the second largest metropolitan area in the United States. Habitat patches in our study area were made up of remnant native vegetation surrounded by roads, housing, and other urban development. Species richness and diversity were positively associated with patch size, but patch age was not significantly associated with community characteristics. Four relatively common species were not detected in the small patches, indicating the possibility they had been extirpated by the time monitoring began, and six rarer species were not detected or detected only once in these patches. Although the patch size effect on species diversity was strong, we found that several of the small habitat patches had similar diversity to large patches, indicating potential value of these small habitat patches in protecting species as “microreserves.” In addition, one lizard species was found to be significantly more abundant in the smaller patches. To determine if abundance changed over time, we compared capture rates for four common lizards at the same sites ten years later. For three of the four species, abundance decreased over that period, specifically in the small patches. Although our long-term monitoring has confirmed that the full suite of herpetofauna is currently preserved in the study area overall, declines even in the common species over time hint at the potential severity of the threat of urbanization to rare species.
Seismic hazard forecasts of induced seismicity often require estimates of the maximum possible magnitude (Mmax). Empirical models suggest that maximum magnitudes, or expected number of earthquakes, are related to the volume of injected fluid. We perform a suite of 3D physics-based earthquake simulations with rate- and state-dependent friction, systematically varying the area of the pressurized region and the amplitude of the initial homogeneous or heterogeneous shear stress. Using the resulting catalog we explore the conditions that result in pressure-controlled versus runaway ruptures that extend outside the pressurized zone. We find that proposed empirical scaling laws correctly predict Mmax when shear stresses are further from failure (≤90% of maximum shear stress) and for high amplitude stress fields. Runaway ruptures are observed for higher initial shear stresses and smoother stress fields. In these cases, runaway ruptures occur early after the onset of injection and rarely preceded by foreshock activity.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2020GL092148","usgsCitation":"Kroll, K.A., and Cochran, E.S., 2021, Stress controls rupture extent and maximum magnitude of induced earthquakes: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 48, no. 11, e2020GL092148, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL092148.","productDescription":"e2020GL092148, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-127145","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452195,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1785427","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":399673,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kroll, K. A.","contributorId":290588,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kroll","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":16721,"text":"LLNL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":841341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cochran, Elizabeth S. 0000-0003-2485-4484 ecochran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2485-4484","contributorId":2025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochran","given":"Elizabeth","email":"ecochran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":841342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70220611,"text":"70220611 - 2021 - Pilot-scale expanded assessment of inorganic and organic tapwater exposures and predicted effects in Puerto Rico, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-01T17:49:41.562885","indexId":"70220611","displayToPublicDate":"2021-05-18T06:57:25","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1523,"text":"Environment International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pilot-scale expanded assessment of inorganic and organic tapwater exposures and predicted effects in Puerto Rico, USA","docAbstract":"A pilot-scale expanded target assessment of mixtures of inorganic and organic contaminants in point-of-consumption drinking water (tapwater, TW) was conducted in Puerto Rico (PR) to continue to inform TW exposures and corresponding estimations of cumulative human-health risks across the US. In August 2018, a spatial synoptic pilot assessment of than 524 organic, 37 inorganic, and select microbiological contaminant indicators was conducted in 14 locations (7 home; 7 commercial) across PR. A follow-up 3-day temporal assessment of TW variability was conducted in December 2018 at two of the synoptic locations (1 home, 1 commercial) and included daily pre- and post-flush samples. Concentrations of regulated and unregulated TW contaminants were used to calculate cumulative in vitro bioactivity ratios and Hazard Indices (HI) based on existing human-health benchmarks. Synoptic results confirmed that human exposures to inorganic and organic contaminant mixtures, which are rarely monitored together in drinking water at the point of consumption, occurred across PR and consisted of elevated concentrations of inorganic contaminants (e.g., lead, copper), disinfection byproducts (DBP), and to a lesser extent per/polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and phthalates. Exceedances of human-health benchmarks in every synoptic TW sample support further investigation of the potential cumulative risk to vulnerable populations in PR and emphasize the importance of continued broad characterization of drinking-water exposures at the tap with analytical capabilities that better represent the complexity of both inorganic and organic contaminant mixtures known to occur in ambient source waters. Such health-based monitoring data are essential to support public engagement in source water sustainability and treatment and to inform consumer point-of-use treatment decision making in PR and throughout the US.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147721","usgsCitation":"Bradley, P., Padilla, I.Y., Romanok, K., Smalling, K., Focazio, M.J., Breitmeyer, S.E., Cardon, M.C., Conley, J.M., Evans, N., Givens, C.E., Gray, J., Gray, L., Hartig, P.C., Hladik, M.L., Higgins, C.P., Iwanowicz, L., Lane, R.F., Loftin, K.A., McCleskey, R., McDonough, C.A., Medlock-Kakaley, E., Meppelink, S.M., Weis, C.P., and Wilson, V.S., 2021, Pilot-scale expanded assessment of inorganic and organic tapwater exposures and predicted effects in Puerto Rico, USA: Environment International, v. 788, 147721, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147721.","productDescription":"147721, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-110491","costCenters":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452219,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC8504685","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436359,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9EQS5CS","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Target-Chemical Concentration Results of Mixed-Organic/Inorganic Chemical Exposures in Puerto Rico Tapwater, 2017 to 2018"},{"id":385835,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Puerto Rico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -67.3681640625,\n 17.727758609852284\n ],\n [\n -65.5224609375,\n 17.727758609852284\n ],\n [\n -65.5224609375,\n 18.625424540701264\n ],\n [\n -67.3681640625,\n 18.625424540701264\n ],\n [\n -67.3681640625,\n 17.727758609852284\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"788","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, Paul M. 0000-0001-7522-8606","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":221226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Paul M.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Padilla, Ingrid Y. 0000-0001-8460-1679","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8460-1679","contributorId":258259,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Padilla","given":"Ingrid","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":52264,"text":"University of Puerto Rico-Mayaguez","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Romanok, Kristin M. 0000-0002-8472-8765","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8472-8765","contributorId":221227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romanok","given":"Kristin M.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smalling, Kelly L. 0000-0002-1214-4920","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1214-4920","contributorId":221234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smalling","given":"Kelly","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Focazio, Michael J. 0000-0003-0967-5576 mfocazio@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0967-5576","contributorId":1276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Focazio","given":"Michael","email":"mfocazio@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5056,"text":"Office of the AD Energy and Minerals, and Environmental Health","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Breitmeyer, Sara E. 0000-0003-0609-1559 sbreitmeyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0609-1559","contributorId":172622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breitmeyer","given":"Sara","email":"sbreitmeyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - 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Here, we present full water column observations at unprecedented resolution from the southwest Puerto Rico insular shelf and slope during Hurricane María, representing a rare set of high-frequency, subsurface, oceanographic observations collected along an island margin during a hurricane. The shelf geometry and orientation relative to the storm acted to stabilize and strengthen stratification. This maintained elevated sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) throughout the storm and led to an estimated 65% greater potential hurricane intensity contribution at this site before eye passage. Coastal cooling did not occur until 11 hours after the eye passage. Our findings present a new framework for how hurricane interaction with insular island margins may generate baroclinic processes that maintain elevated SSTs, thus potentially providing increased energy for the storm.
","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.abf1552","usgsCitation":"Cheriton, O.M., Storlazzi, C.D., Rosenberger, K.J., Sherman, C.E., and Schmidt, W., 2021, Rapid observations of ocean dynamics and stratification along a steep island coast during Hurricane María: Science Advances, v. 7, no. 20, eabf1552, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abf1552.","productDescription":"eabf1552, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-111341","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452294,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abf1552","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":386110,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"southwestern Puerto Rico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -67.0880126953125,\n 17.90556881196468\n ],\n [\n -66.7474365234375,\n 17.90556881196468\n ],\n [\n -66.7474365234375,\n 18.109308155101445\n ],\n [\n -67.0880126953125,\n 18.109308155101445\n ],\n [\n -67.0880126953125,\n 17.90556881196468\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cheriton, Olivia M. 0000-0003-3011-9136","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3011-9136","contributorId":204459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheriton","given":"Olivia","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Storlazzi, Curt D. 0000-0001-8057-4490","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":213610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"Curt","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rosenberger, Kurt J. 0000-0002-5185-5776 krosenberger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5185-5776","contributorId":140453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberger","given":"Kurt","email":"krosenberger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sherman, Clark E. 0000-0003-0758-7900","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0758-7900","contributorId":259180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sherman","given":"Clark","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":34129,"text":"University of Puerto Rico Mayaguez","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schmidt, Wilford 0000-0003-3564-4159","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3564-4159","contributorId":259182,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Wilford","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":34129,"text":"University of Puerto Rico Mayaguez","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70223093,"text":"70223093 - 2021 - A renewed philosophy about supplemental sea lamprey controls","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-07T15:55:12.877426","indexId":"70223093","displayToPublicDate":"2021-05-11T11:14:42","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A renewed philosophy about supplemental sea lamprey controls","docAbstract":"Invasive sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) populations in the Laurentian Great Lakes have been reduced by up to 90% through the use of selective pesticides (lampricides) and physical sea lamprey barriers that block spawning migrations. Nevertheless, other control methods are needed to achieve integrated pest management objectives, delay biological resistance, and address societal pressure to reduce pesticide use and restore lotic connectivity through dam removals. Despite decades of research and scientific advances, new control tools that focus on controlling adult and juvenile life stages have been rare because tactics have not been cost-effective alternatives to lampricides and sea lamprey barriers. Here, we propose a renewed philosophy highlighting that new control methods need not be true alternatives to lampricides and sea lamprey barriers (i.e., have similar effectiveness), but instead can be useful as supplemental controls integrated with current methods, especially in places where current methods are less effective due to environmental or societal conditions. Current case studies pairing multiple supplemental controls together on two Lake Huron tributaries, the Black Mallard and Cheboygan Rivers, have shown promise in reducing sea lamprey reproductive success, the scope of lampricide treatments, and ultimately the number of juvenile sea lampreys produced. Additional case studies are planned and will be evaluated within a decade-long adaptive assessment plan.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2021.03.013","usgsCitation":"Siefkes, M.J., Johnson, N.S., and Muir, A.M., 2021, A renewed philosophy about supplemental sea lamprey controls: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 47, no. Suppl 1, p. S742-S752, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2021.03.013.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"S742","endPage":"S752","ipdsId":"IP-124405","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452300,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2021.03.013","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":387863,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"Suppl 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Siefkes, Michael J.","contributorId":222109,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Siefkes","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7019,"text":"Great Lakes Fishery Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Nicholas S. 0000-0002-7419-6013 njohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7419-6013","contributorId":597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Nicholas","email":"njohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Muir, Andrew M.","contributorId":176177,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Muir","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":820927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70220470,"text":"70220470 - 2021 - Assessing the population impacts and cost‐effectiveness of a conservation translocation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-17T15:57:13.737538","indexId":"70220470","displayToPublicDate":"2021-05-11T07:37:41","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the population impacts and cost‐effectiveness of a conservation translocation","docAbstract":"