{"pageNumber":"2601","pageRowStart":"65000","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70029415,"text":"70029415 - 2005 - Historical deposition and fluxes of mercury in Narraguinnep Reservoir, southwestern Colorado, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:51","indexId":"70029415","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Historical deposition and fluxes of mercury in Narraguinnep Reservoir, southwestern Colorado, USA","docAbstract":"Narraguinnep Reservoir has been identified as containing fish with elevated Hg concentrations and has been posted with an advisory recommending against consumption of fish. There are presently no point sources of significant Hg contamination to this reservoir or its supply waters. To evaluate potential historical Hg sources and deposition of Hg to Narraguinnep Reservoir, the authors measured Hg concentrations in sediment cores collected from this reservoir. The cores were dated by the 137Cs method and these dates were further refined by relating water supply basin hydrological records with core sedimentology. Rates of historical Hg flux were calculated (ng/cm 2/a) based on the Hg concentrations in the cores, sediment bulk densities, and sedimentation rates. The flux of Hg found in Narraguinnep Reservoir increased by approximately a factor of 2 after about 1970. The 3 most likely sources of Hg to Narraguinnep Reservoir are surrounding bedrocks, upstream inactive Au-Ag mines, and several coal-fired electric power plants in the Four Corners region. Patterns of Hg flux do not support dominant Hg derivation from surrounding bedrocks or upstream mining sources. There are 14 coal-fired power plants within 320 km of Narraguinnep Reservoir that produce over 80 ?? 106 MWH of power and about 1640 kg-Hg/a are released through stack emissions, contributing significant Hg to the surrounding environment. Two of the largest power plants, located within 80 km of the reservoir, emit about 950 kg-Hg/a. Spatial and temporal patterns of Hg fluxes for sediment cores collected from Narraguinnep Reservoir suggest that the most likely source of Hg to this reservoir is from atmospheric emissions from the coal-fired electric power plants, the largest of which began operation in this region in the late-1960s and early 1970s.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2004.05.011","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Gray, J.E., Fey, D., Holmes, C.W., and Lasorsa, B., 2005, Historical deposition and fluxes of mercury in Narraguinnep Reservoir, southwestern Colorado, USA: Applied Geochemistry, v. 20, no. 1, p. 207-220, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2004.05.011.","startPage":"207","endPage":"220","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210622,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2004.05.011"},{"id":237598,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3188e4b0c8380cd5dfd9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, J. E.","contributorId":49363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fey, D.L.","contributorId":44537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fey","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holmes, C. W.","contributorId":36076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmes","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lasorsa, B.K.","contributorId":42756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lasorsa","given":"B.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70029427,"text":"70029427 - 2005 - Effects of biotic and abiotic factors on the distribution of trout and salmon along a longitudinal stream gradient","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:51","indexId":"70029427","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1528,"text":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of biotic and abiotic factors on the distribution of trout and salmon along a longitudinal stream gradient","docAbstract":"We examined the influence of biotic and abiotic factors on the distribution, abundance, and condition of salmonid fishes along a stream gradient. We observed a longitudinal change in fish distribution with native cutthroat trout, Oncorhynchus clarki utah, and introduced brown trout, Salmo trutta, demonstrating a distinct pattern of allopatry. Cutthroat trout dominated high elevation reaches, while reaches at lower elevations were dominated by brown trout. A transition zone between these populations was associated with lower total trout abundance, consistent changes in temperature and discharge, and differences in dietary preference. Variation in cutthroat trout abundance was best explained by a model including the abundance of brown trout and diel temperature, whereas variation in brown trout abundance was best explained by a model including the abundance of cutthroat trout and discharge. These results suggest the potential for condition-mediated competition between the two species. The results from our study can aid biologists in prioritizing conservation activities and in developing robust management strategies for cutthroat trout. ?? Springer 2005.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10641-004-2591-4","issn":"03781909","usgsCitation":"De La, H.F., and Budy, P., 2005, Effects of biotic and abiotic factors on the distribution of trout and salmon along a longitudinal stream gradient: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 72, no. 4, p. 379-391, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-004-2591-4.","startPage":"379","endPage":"391","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210730,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10641-004-2591-4"},{"id":237744,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0699e4b0c8380cd51314","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"De La, Hoz Franco Franco, E. A.","contributorId":89337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De La","given":"Hoz","suffix":"Franco, E. A.","email":"","middleInitial":"Franco","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Budy, P.","contributorId":68091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budy","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70029430,"text":"70029430 - 2005 - Sheet flow and suspended sediment due to wave groups in a large wave flume","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:46","indexId":"70029430","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1333,"text":"Continental Shelf Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sheet flow and suspended sediment due to wave groups in a large wave flume","docAbstract":"A series of sand bed experiments was carried out in the Large Wave Flume in Hannover, Germany as a component of the SISTEX99 experiment. The experiments focussed on the dynamic sediment response due to wave group forcing over a flat sand bed in order to improve understanding of cross-shore sediment transport mechanisms and determine sediment concentrations, fluxes and net transport rates under these conditions. Sediment concentrations were measured within the sheet flow layer (thickness in the order of 10 grain diameters) and in the suspension region (thickness in the order of centimetres). Within the sheet flow layer, the concentrations are highly coherent with the instantaneous near-bed velocities due to each wave within the wave group. However, in the suspension layer concentrations respond much more slowly to changes in near-bed velocity. At several centimetres above the bed, the suspended sediment concentrations vary on the time scale of the wave group, with a time delay relative to the peak wave within the wave group. The thickness of the sheet flow changes with time. It is strongly coherent with the wave forcing, and is not influenced by the history or sequence of the waves within the group. The velocity of the sediment was also measured within the sheet flow layer some of the time (during the larger wave crests of the group), and the velocity of the fluid was measured at several cm above the sheet flow layer. The grain velocity and concentration estimates can be combined to estimate the sediment flux. The estimates were found to be consistent with previous measurements under monochromatic waves. Under these conditions, without any significant mean current, the sediment flux within the sheet flow layer was found to greatly exceed the sediment flux in the suspension layer. As a result, net transport rates under wave groups are similar to those under monochromatic waves. ?? 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Continental Shelf Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.csr.2004.10.009","issn":"02784343","usgsCitation":"Dohmen-Janssen, C.M., and Hanes, D., 2005, Sheet flow and suspended sediment due to wave groups in a large wave flume: Continental Shelf Research, v. 25, no. 3, p. 333-347, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2004.10.009.","startPage":"333","endPage":"347","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210787,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2004.10.009"},{"id":237813,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8e63e4b08c986b3188e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dohmen-Janssen, C. M.","contributorId":35533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dohmen-Janssen","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanes, D.M.","contributorId":22479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanes","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70029433,"text":"70029433 - 2005 - A geostatistical approach for describing spatial pattern in stream networks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T19:39:08","indexId":"70029433","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3910,"text":"Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution","onlineIssn":"2296-701X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A geostatistical approach for describing spatial pattern in stream networks","docAbstract":"<p>The shape and configuration of branched networks influence ecological patterns and processes. Recent investigations of network influences in riverine ecology stress the need to quantify spatial structure not only in a two-dimensional plane, but also in networks. An initial step in understanding data from stream networks is discerning non-random patterns along the network. On the other hand, data collected in the network may be spatially autocorrelated and thus not suitable for traditional statistical analyses. Here we provide a method that uses commercially available software to construct an empirical variogram to describe spatial pattern in the relative abundance of coastal cutthroat trout in headwater stream networks. We describe the mathematical and practical considerations involved in calculating a variogram using a non-Euclidean distance metric to incorporate the network pathway structure in the analysis of spatial variability, and use a non-parametric technique to ascertain if the pattern in the empirical variogram is non-random.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"ESA","doi":"10.1890/1540-9295(2005)003[0138:AGAFDS]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Ganio, L., Torgersen, C., and Gresswell, R., 2005, A geostatistical approach for describing spatial pattern in stream networks: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, v. 3, no. 3, p. 138-144, https://doi.org/10.1890/1540-9295(2005)003[0138:AGAFDS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"138","endPage":"144","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237850,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e407e4b0c8380cd46368","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ganio, L.M.","contributorId":101223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganio","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Torgersen, C.E.","contributorId":34459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torgersen","given":"C.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gresswell, R. E.","contributorId":38084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gresswell","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70029453,"text":"70029453 - 2005 - Distinguishing base-level change and climate signals in a Cretaceous alluvial sequence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:51","indexId":"70029453","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distinguishing base-level change and climate signals in a Cretaceous alluvial sequence","docAbstract":"We present the results of oxygen isotope and electron-microprobe analyses of sphaerosiderites obtained from Cretaceous paleosols in Iowa. The sphaerosiderite ??18O values record Cretaceous meteoric groundwater chemistry and an overall waning of brackish groundwater inundation during alluvial-plain aggradation and soil genesis. We focus on horizons that precipitated from freshwater, in which ??18O values ranging from -3.30??? to -6.8??? relative to the Peedee belemnite standard are interpreted to record variations in the Cretaceous atmospheric hydrologic cycle. During relative sea-level highstands, moisture was derived from the Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway, whereas during lowstands, when the seaway narrowed and occasionally withdrew from the Midcontinent, the dominance of hemispheric-scale atmospheric moisture transport initiated in the tropical Tethys Ocean led to decreased precipitation rates. These processes did not operate like a switch, but rather as a continuum of competing moisture sources and mechanisms of transport between the nearby epicontinental sea and the distant tropics. The sphaerosiderite data demonstrate (1) temporal variation in the intensity of hemispheric-scale atmospheric moisture transport and (2) long-term amplification of the global hydrologic cycle marked by extreme 18O depletion at the Albian-Cenomanian boundary. ?? 2005 Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/G20995.1","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"White, T., Witzke, B., Ludvigson, G., and Brenner, R., 2005, Distinguishing base-level change and climate signals in a Cretaceous alluvial sequence: Geology, v. 33, no. 1, p. 13-16, https://doi.org/10.1130/G20995.1.","startPage":"13","endPage":"16","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210647,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G20995.1"},{"id":237634,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a024ee4b0c8380cd4ffbe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, T.","contributorId":76538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Witzke, B.","contributorId":108310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witzke","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ludvigson, G.A.","contributorId":90528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ludvigson","given":"G.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brenner, R.","contributorId":38769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brenner","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70029448,"text":"70029448 - 2005 - Serosurvey of selected zoonotic agents in polar bears (<i>Ursus maritimus</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-09T11:54:58","indexId":"70029448","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3688,"text":"Veterinary Record","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Serosurvey of selected zoonotic agents in polar bears (<i>Ursus maritimus</i>)","docAbstract":"<p>Between 1982 and 1999 blood samples were collected from 500 polar bears (Ursus maritimus) captured in the Beaufort and Chukchi seas, to determine the seroprevalence of Brucella species, Toxoplasma gondii, and Trichinella species infections. The bears were classified into four age groups, cubs, yearlings, subadults and adults. Brucella and Toxoplasma antibodies were detected by agglutination (a buffered acidified card antigen and rapid automated presumptive test for brucellosis and a commercial latex agglutination test for toxoplasmosis); an ELISA was used to detect Thichinella antibodies. The overall seroprevalence of Brucella species was 5 per cent, and subadults and yearlings were 2.62 times (95 per cent confidence interval 1-02 to 6-82) more likely to be seropositive for Brucella species than adults and their cubs. The antibody prevalence for Toxoplasma gondii was 6 per cent, and for Trichinella species 55.6 per cent. The prevalence of antibodies to Trichinella species increased with age (P&lt;0.001).</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Veterinary Record","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1136/vr.156.1.7","issn":"00424900","usgsCitation":"Rah, H., Chomel, B., Follmann, E.H., Kasten, R., Hew, C., Farver, T., Garner, G., and Amstrup, S.C., 2005, Serosurvey of selected zoonotic agents in polar bears (<i>Ursus maritimus</i>): Veterinary Record, v. 156, no. 1, p. 7-13, https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.156.1.7.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"7","endPage":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237526,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"156","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8d61e4b08c986b318382","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rah, H.","contributorId":81305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rah","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chomel, B.B.","contributorId":19918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chomel","given":"B.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Follmann, Erich H.","contributorId":24828,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Follmann","given":"Erich","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kasten, R.W.","contributorId":51976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kasten","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hew, C.H.","contributorId":63215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hew","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Farver, T.B.","contributorId":50344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farver","given":"T.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Garner, G.W.","contributorId":80218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garner","given":"G.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":422789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70029445,"text":"70029445 - 2005 - Placing the pieces: Reconstructing the original property mosaic in a warrant and patent watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-26T16:18:22.20851","indexId":"70029445","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Placing the pieces: Reconstructing the original property mosaic in a warrant and patent watershed","docAbstract":"<p><span>Recent research shows that land use history is an important determinant of current ecosystem function. In the United States, characterization of land use change following European settlement requires reconstruction of the original property mosaic. However, this task is difficult in unsystematically surveyed areas east of the Appalachian Mountains. The Gwynns Falls watershed (Baltimore, MD) was originally surveyed in the 1600-1700s under a system of warrants and patents (commonly known as ‘metes and bounds’). A method for the reconstruction and mapping of warrant and patent properties is presented and used to map the original property mosaic in the Gwynns Falls watershed. Using the mapped mosaic, the persistence of properties and property lines in the current Gwynns Falls landscape is considered. The results of this research indicate that as in agricultural areas, the original property lines in the Gwynns Falls watershed are persistent. At the same time, the results suggest that the property mosaic in heavily urbanized/suburbanized areas is generally ‘reset.’ Further, trends in surveying technique, parcel size, and settlement patterns cause property line density and property shape complexity to increase in the less urbanized upper watershed. The persistence of original patterns may be damping expression of heterogeneity gradients in this urban landscape. This spatial pattern of complexity in the original mosaic is directly opposite of hypothesized patterns of landscape heterogeneity arising from urbanization. The technique reported here and the resulting observations are important for landscape pattern studies in areas settled under unsystematic survey systems, especially the heavily urbanized areas of the eastern United States.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s10980-004-0167-5","usgsCitation":"Bain, D.J., and Brush, G.S., 2005, Placing the pieces: Reconstructing the original property mosaic in a warrant and patent watershed: Landscape Ecology, v. 19, no. 8, p. 843-856, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-004-0167-5.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"843","endPage":"856","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237487,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7b96e4b0c8380cd79507","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bain, Daniel J 0000-0003-1979-7016","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1979-7016","contributorId":197634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bain","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brush, G. S.","contributorId":97249,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brush","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70029441,"text":"70029441 - 2005 - Catastrophic precipitation-triggered lahar at Casita volcano, Nicaragua: Occurrence, bulking and transformation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-13T11:20:22","indexId":"70029441","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1425,"text":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Catastrophic precipitation-triggered lahar at Casita volcano, Nicaragua: Occurrence, bulking and transformation","docAbstract":"<p>A catastrophic lahar began on 30 October 1998, as hurricane precipitation triggered a small flank collapse of Casita volcano, a complex and probably dormant stratovolcano. The initial rockslide‐debris avalanche evolved on the flank to yield a watery debris flood with a sediment concentration less than 60 per cent by volume at the base of the volcano. Within 2·5 km, however, the watery flow entrained (bulked) enough sediment to transform entirely to a debris flow. The debris flow, 6 km downstream and 1·2 km wide and 3 to 6 m deep, killed 2500 people, nearly the entire populations of the communities of El Porvenir and Rolando Rodriguez. These ‘new towns’ were developed in a prehistoric lahar pathway: at least three flows of similar size since 8330<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>14</sup>C years bp are documented by stratigraphy in the same 30‐degree sector. Travel time between perception of the flow and destruction of the towns was only 2·5–3·0 minutes. The evolution of the flow wave occurred with hydraulic continuity and without pause or any extraordinary addition of water.</p><p>The precipitation trigger of the Casita lahar emphasizes the need, in volcano hazard assessments, for including the potential for non‐eruption‐related collapse lahars with the more predictable potential of their syneruption analogues. The flow behaviour emphasizes that volcano collapses can yield not only volcanic debris avalanches with restricted runouts, but also mobile lahars that enlarge by bulking as they flow. Volumes and hence inundation areas of collapse‐runout lahars can increase greatly beyond their sources: the volume of the Casita lahar bulked to at least 2·6 times the contributing volume of the flank collapse and 4·2 times that of the debris flood. At least 78 per cent of the debris flow matrix (sediment &lt; −1·0Φ; 2 mm) was entrained during flow. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.</p>","largerWorkTitle":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","language":"English","doi":"10.1002/esp.1127","issn":"01979337","usgsCitation":"Scott, K.M., Vallance, J., Kerle, N., Macias, J., Strauch, W., and Devoli, G., 2005, Catastrophic precipitation-triggered lahar at Casita volcano, Nicaragua: Occurrence, bulking and transformation: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 30, no. 1, p. 59-79, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.1127.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"59","endPage":"79","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237417,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210484,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/esp.1127"}],"country":"Nicaragua","otherGeospatial":"Casita volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -87.06253051757812,\n              12.62559781052759\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.8798828125,\n              12.62559781052759\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.8798828125,\n              12.756892195236285\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.06253051757812,\n              12.756892195236285\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.06253051757812,\n              12.62559781052759\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-12-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f3cae4b0c8380cd4b96a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, K. M.","contributorId":8119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vallance, J.W.","contributorId":45336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vallance","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kerle, N.","contributorId":54013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kerle","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Macias, J.L.","contributorId":41159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macias","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Strauch, W.","contributorId":47152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strauch","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Devoli, G.","contributorId":42632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Devoli","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70029419,"text":"70029419 - 2005 - New constraints on mechanisms of remotely triggered seismicity at Long Valley Caldera","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-01T09:16:30","indexId":"70029419","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New constraints on mechanisms of remotely triggered seismicity at Long Valley Caldera","docAbstract":"<p>Regional-scale triggering of local earthquakes in the crust by seismic waves from distant main shocks has now been robustly documented for over a decade. Some of the most thoroughly recorded examples of repeated triggering of a single site from multiple, large earthquakes are measured in geothermal fields of the western United States like Long Valley Caldera. As one of the few natural cases where the causality of an earthquake sequence is apparent, triggering provides fundamental constraints on the failure processes in earthquakes. We show here that the observed triggering by seismic waves is inconsistent with any mechanism that depends on cumulative shaking as measured by integrated energy density. We also present evidence for a frequency-dependent triggering threshold. On the basis of the seismic records of 12 regional and teleseismic events recorded at Long Valley Caldera, long-period waves (&gt;30 s) are more effective at generating local seismicity than short-period waves of comparable amplitude. If the properties of the system are stationary over time, the failure threshold for long-period waves is ~0.05 cm/s vertical shaking. Assuming a phase velocity of 3.5 km/s and an elastic modulus of 3.5 x&nbsp;10<sup>10</sup>Pa, the threshold in terms of stress is 5 kPa. The frequency dependence is due in part to the attenuation of the surface waves with depth. Fluid flow through a porous medium can produce the rest of the observed frequency dependence of the threshold. If the threshold is not stationary with time, pore pressures that are &gt;99.5% of lithostatic and vary over time by a factor of 4 could explain the observations with no frequency dependence of the triggering threshold.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2004JB003211","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Brodsky, E.E., and Prejean, S., 2005, New constraints on mechanisms of remotely triggered seismicity at Long Valley Caldera: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 110, no. 4, p. 1-14, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JB003211.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"14","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477904,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2004jb003211","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237669,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210674,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004JB003211"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Long Valley Caldera","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.90674591064452,\n              37.69482353536507\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.83893966674803,\n              37.69482353536507\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.83893966674803,\n              37.72551521301948\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.90674591064452,\n              37.72551521301948\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.90674591064452,\n              37.69482353536507\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"110","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-04-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6564e4b0c8380cd72ba2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brodsky, E. E.","contributorId":108285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brodsky","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prejean, S. G. 0000-0003-0510-1989","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0510-1989","contributorId":18935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prejean","given":"S. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70029434,"text":"70029434 - 2005 - Detritus fuels ecosystem metabolism but not metazoan food webs in San Francisco estuary's freshwater delta","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-27T11:17:05","indexId":"70029434","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1583,"text":"Estuaries","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detritus fuels ecosystem metabolism but not metazoan food webs in San Francisco estuary's freshwater delta","docAbstract":"<p><span>Detritus from terrestrial ecosystems is the major source of organic matter in many streams, rivers, and estuaries, yet the role of detritus in supporting pelagic food webs is debated. We examined the importance of detritus to secondary productivity in the Sacramento and San Joaquin River Delta (California, United States), a large complex of tidal freshwater habitats. The Delta ecosystem has low primary productivity but large detrital inputs, so we hypothesized that de tritus is the primary energy source fueling production in pelagic food webs. We assessed the sources, quantity, composition, and bioavailability of organic matter among a diversity of habitats (e.g., marsh sloughs, floodplains, tidal lakes, and deep river channels) over two years to test this hypothesis. Our results support the emerging principle that detritus dominates riverine and estuarine organic matter supply and supports the majority of ecosystem metabolism. Yet in contrast to prevailing ideas, we found that detritus was weakly coupled to the Delta's pelagic food web. Results from independent approaches showed that phytoplankton production was the dominant source of organic matter for the Delta's pelagic food web, even though primary production accounts for a small fraction of the Delta's organic matter supply. If these results are general, they suggest that the value of organic matter to higher trophic levels, including species targeted by programs of ecosystem restoration, is a function of phytoplankton production.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02732759","issn":"01608347","usgsCitation":"Sobczak, W.V., Cloern, J., Jassby, A., Cole, B., Schraga, T., and Arnsberg, A., 2005, Detritus fuels ecosystem metabolism but not metazoan food webs in San Francisco estuary's freshwater delta: Estuaries, v. 28, no. 1, p. 124-137, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02732759.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"124","endPage":"137","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237884,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0001e4b0c8380cd4f528","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sobczak, W. V.","contributorId":41983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sobczak","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cloern, J. E.","contributorId":59453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cloern","given":"J. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jassby, A.D.","contributorId":43798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jassby","given":"A.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cole, B.E.","contributorId":66268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"B.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schraga, T.S.","contributorId":107480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schraga","given":"T.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Arnsberg, A.","contributorId":46756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arnsberg","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70029273,"text":"70029273 - 2005 - The May 2003 eruption of Anatahan volcano, Mariana Islands: Geochemical evolution of a silicic island-arc volcano","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-14T11:15:20","indexId":"70029273","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The May 2003 eruption of Anatahan volcano, Mariana Islands: Geochemical evolution of a silicic island-arc volcano","docAbstract":"<p><span>The first historical eruption of Anatahan volcano began on May 10, 2003. Samples of tephra from early in the eruption were analyzed for major and trace elements, and Sr, Nd, Pb, Hf, and O isotopic compositions. The compositions of these tephras are compared with those of prehistoric samples of basalt and andesite, also newly reported here. The May 2003 eruptives are medium-K andesites with 59–63 wt.% SiO</span><sub>2</sub><span>, and are otherwise homogeneous (varying less than 3% 2</span><i>σ</i><span>&nbsp;about the mean for 45 elements). Small, but systematic, chemical differences exist between dark (scoria) and light (pumice) fragments, which indicate fewer mafic and oxide phenocrysts in, and less degassing for, the pumice than scoria. The May 2003 magmas are nearly identical to other prehistoric eruptives from Anatahan. Nonetheless, Anatahan has erupted a wide range of compositions in the past, from basalt to dacite (49–66 wt.% SiO</span><sub>2</sub><span>). The large proportion of lavas with silicic compositions at Anatahan (&gt;</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>59 wt.% SiO</span><sub>2</sub><span>) is unique within the active Mariana Islands, which otherwise erupt a narrow range of basalts and basaltic andesites. The silicic compositions raise the question of whether they formed via crystal fractionation or crustal assimilation. The lack of&nbsp;</span><sup>87</sup><span>Sr/</span><sup>86</sup><span>Sr variation with silica content, the MORB-like&nbsp;</span><i>δ</i><sup>18</sup><span>O, and the incompatible behavior of Zr rule out assimilation of old crust, altered crust, or zircon-saturated crustal melts, respectively. Instead, the constancy of isotopic and trace element ratios, and the systematic variations in REE patterns are consistent with evolution by crystal fractionation of similar parental magmas. Thus, Anatahan is a type example of an island-arc volcano that erupts comagmatic basalts to dacites, with no evidence for crustal assimilation. The parental magmas to Anatahan lie at the low&nbsp;</span><sup>143</sup><span>Nd/</span><sup>144</sup><span>Nd, Ba/La, and Sm/La end of the spectrum of magmas erupted in the Marianas arc, consistent with 1–3 wt.% addition of subducted sediment to the mantle source, or roughly one third of the sedimentary column. The high Th/La in Anatahan magmas is consistent with shallow loss of the top ∼</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>50 m of the sedimentary column during subduction.</span></p>","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2004.11.035","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Wade, J., Plank, T., Stern, R.J., Tollstrup, D., Gill, J., O’Leary, J.C., Eiler, J., Moore, R.B., Woodhead, J., Trusdell, F., Fischer, T., and Hilton, D.R., 2005, The May 2003 eruption of Anatahan volcano, Mariana Islands: Geochemical evolution of a silicic island-arc volcano: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 146, no. 1-3 SPEC. ISS., p. 139-170, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2004.11.035.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"139","endPage":"170","numberOfPages":"32","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":210640,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2004.11.035"},{"id":237624,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Anatahan volcano, Mariana Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              145.63064575195312,\n              16.329364930553236\n            ],\n            [\n              145.73776245117188,\n              16.329364930553236\n            ],\n            [\n              145.73776245117188,\n              16.375485785675078\n            ],\n            [\n              145.63064575195312,\n              16.375485785675078\n            ],\n            [\n              145.63064575195312,\n              16.329364930553236\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"146","issue":"1-3 SPEC. ISS.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba7d9e4b08c986b32183c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wade, J.A.","contributorId":36024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wade","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plank, T.","contributorId":55299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plank","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stern, R. J.","contributorId":8616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stern","given":"R.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tollstrup, D.L.","contributorId":89416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tollstrup","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gill, J.B.","contributorId":61171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gill","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"O’Leary, J. C.","contributorId":11897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Leary","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Eiler, J.M.","contributorId":39660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eiler","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Moore, R. B.","contributorId":98720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Woodhead, J.D.","contributorId":70608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodhead","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Trusdell, F.","contributorId":61233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trusdell","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Fischer, T.P.","contributorId":54863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischer","given":"T.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Hilton, David R.","contributorId":37116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hilton","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":1016615,"text":"1016615 - 2005 - Causes of wolf depredation increase in Minnesota from 1979-1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-07T13:39:05.904274","indexId":"1016615","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Causes of wolf depredation increase in Minnesota from 1979-1998","docAbstract":"<p><span>Wolf (</span><i>Canis lupus</i><span>) depredations on livestock in Minnesota have been increasing over the last 20 years. A major explanation cited for this increase is wolf range expansion, but no studies have tested this explanation. Additional reasons could include 1) wolf colonization of new areas within long-existing wolf range, 2) learning by wolves in established range, and 3) increased wolf density. We did not assess increasing wolf density as a factor because estimated wolf density in Minnesota has not increased. To assess how each of the other factors might have affected depredations, we created and analyzed a database of Minnesota's 923 verified depredations at 435 farms. We graphed the numbers of verified depredations and the number of farms with verified depredations to assess temporal trends and used ArcView GIS software to assess spatial relationships of the depredations. All 3 factors tested (colonization, range expansion, and learning) seemed to have contributed to wolf depredation increase. However, the proportion of depredations occurring due to wolf range expansion increased from 20% in 1989 to 48% in 1998.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[888:COWDIM]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Harper, E.K., Paul, W., and Mech, L., 2005, Causes of wolf depredation increase in Minnesota from 1979-1998: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 33, p. 888-896, https://doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[888:COWDIM]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"888","endPage":"896","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133035,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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K.","contributorId":19113,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harper","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paul, W.J.","contributorId":60579,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paul","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mech, L. David","contributorId":66609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L. David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1008111,"text":"1008111 - 2005 - Flight speeds of northern pintails during migration determined by satellite telemetry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-03T16:47:27.243169","indexId":"1008111","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3783,"text":"The Wilson Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-5643","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flight speeds of northern pintails during migration determined by satellite telemetry","docAbstract":"<p><span>Speed (km/hr) during flight is one of several factors determining the rate of migration (km/ day) and flight range of birds. We attached 26-g, back-mounted satellite-received radio tags (platform transmitting terminals; PTTs) to adult female Northern Pintails (</span><span class=\"genus-species\">Anas acuta</span><span>) during (1) midwinter 2000–2003 in the northern Central Valley of California, (2) fall and winter 2002–2003 in the Playa Lakes Region and Gulf Coast of Texas, and (3) early fall 2002–2003 in south-central New Mexico. We tracked tagged birds after release and, in several instances, obtained multiple locations during single migratory flights (flight paths). We used data from 17 PTT-tagged hens along 21 migratory flight paths to estimate groundspeeds during spring (</span><i>n</i><span>&nbsp;= 19 flights) and fall (</span><i>n</i><span>&nbsp;= 2 flights). Pintails migrated at an average groundspeed of 77 ± 4 (SE) km/hr (range for individual flight paths = 40–122 km/hr), which was within the range of estimates reported in the literature for migratory and local flights of waterfowl (42–116 km/hr); further, groundspeed averaged 53 ± 6 km/hr in headwinds and 82 ± 4 km/hr in tailwinds. At a typical, but hypothetical, flight altitude of 1,460 m (850 millibars standard pressure), 17 of the 21 flight paths occurred in tailwinds with an average airspeed of 55 ± 4 km/hr, and 4 occurred in headwinds with an average airspeed of 71 ± 4 km/hr. These adjustments in airspeed and groundspeed in response to wind suggest that pintails migrated at airspeeds that on average maximized range and conserved energy, and fell within the range of expectations based on aerodynamic and energetic theory.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wilson Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1676/04-114.1","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.R., Takekawa, J.Y., Fleskes, J.P., Orthmeyer, D.L., Casazza, M.L., Haukos, D.A., and Perry, W.M., 2005, Flight speeds of northern pintails during migration determined by satellite telemetry: The Wilson Bulletin, v. 117, no. 4, p. 364-374, https://doi.org/10.1676/04-114.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"364","endPage":"374","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477862,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1676/04-114.1","text":"External Repository"},{"id":132367,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"117","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f2e4b07f02db5ef266","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Michael R.","contributorId":45796,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12709,"text":"Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":316779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":316781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fleskes, Joseph P. 0000-0001-5388-6675 joe_fleskes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5388-6675","contributorId":1889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleskes","given":"Joseph","email":"joe_fleskes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":316783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Orthmeyer, Dennis L.","contributorId":52646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orthmeyer","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":316782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":316780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Haukos, David A. 0000-0001-5372-9960 dhaukos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-9960","contributorId":3664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haukos","given":"David","email":"dhaukos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":316778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Perry, William M. 0000-0002-6180-8180 wmperry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6180-8180","contributorId":5124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"William","email":"wmperry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":316777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70031583,"text":"70031583 - 2005 - Burrowing owl nesting productivity: A comparison between artificial and natural burrows on and off golf courses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-07T13:22:58.610855","indexId":"70031583","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Burrowing owl nesting productivity: A comparison between artificial and natural burrows on and off golf courses","docAbstract":"<p><span>Burrowing owl (</span><i>Athene cunicularia</i><span>) populations are declining in many portions of their range, and lack of suitable nesting burrows is thought to be one reason for observed declines. Burrowing owls are attracted to golf courses because the birds generally nest and forage in short-grass, open areas, yet golf courses seldom have suitable nesting burrows. We examined the efficacy of installing artificial nesting burrows on golf courses as a way to help restore local burrowing owl populations. From 2001–2004 we monitored over 175 natural burrows off golf courses, 14 natural burrows on golf courses, 86 artificial burrows off golf courses, and 130 artificial burrows on golf courses. Owls located and used 8 of the 130 artificial burrows installed on golf courses (4 were used as nests). Owls selected burrows that were closer to existing natural burrows, farther from maintained areas (areas receiving turf maintenance by golf course staff), and farther from sprinkler heads. All 4 of the artificial burrows used as nests successfully fledged young, and annual site fidelity for owls nesting on golf courses was higher than for owls nesting off golf courses. However, annual fecundity of owls nesting on golf courses was lower than that of owls nesting off golf courses. If golf courses have sufficiently large nonmaintained areas and there are nesting owls nearby, course managers potentially can help in restoring local burrowing owl populations by installing artificial nesting burrows on the periphery of the course. However, the low fecundity on golf courses reported here should be more thoroughly examined before artificial burrows are used to attract owls to golf courses.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[454:BONPAC]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Smith, M.D., Conway, C.J., and Ellis, L., 2005, Burrowing owl nesting productivity: A comparison between artificial and natural burrows on and off golf courses: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 33, no. 2, p. 454-462, https://doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[454:BONPAC]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"454","endPage":"462","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239900,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f2bbe4b0c8380cd4b315","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, M. D.","contributorId":25724,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conway, Courtney J. 0000-0003-0492-2953 cconway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0492-2953","contributorId":2951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"Courtney","email":"cconway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":432216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellis, L. A.","contributorId":51540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"L. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70029583,"text":"70029583 - 2005 - Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus accumulation in floodplains of Atlantic Coastal Plain rivers, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-02T16:30:29.130981","indexId":"70029583","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus accumulation in floodplains of Atlantic Coastal Plain rivers, USA","docAbstract":"<p>Net nutrient accumulation rates were measured in riverine floodplains of the Atlantic Coastal Plain in Virginia, Maryland, and Delaware, USA. The floodplains were located in watersheds with different land use and included two sites on the Chickahominy River (urban), one site on the Mattaponi River (forested), and five sites on the Pocomoke River (agricultural). The Pocomoke River floodplains lie along reaches with natural hydrogeomorphology and on reaches with restricted flooding due to channelization and levees. A network of feldspar clay marker horizons was placed on the sediment surface of each floodplain site 3–6 years prior to sampling. Sediment cores were collected from the material deposited over the feldspar clay pads. This overlying sediment was separated from the clay layer and then dried, weighed, and analyzed for its total carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) content.</p><p>Mean C accumulation rates ranged from 61 to 212 g·m<sup>−2</sup>·yr<sup>−1</sup>, N accumulation rates ranged from 3.5 to 13.4 g·m<sup>−2</sup>·yr<sup>−1</sup>, and P accumulation rates ranged from 0.2 to 4.1 g·m<sup>−2</sup>·yr<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>among the eight floodplains. Patterns of intersite variation in mineral sediment and P accumulation rates were similar to each other, as was variation in organic sediment and C and N accumulation rates. The greatest sediment and C, N, and P accumulation rates were observed on Chickahominy River floodplains downstream from the growing metropolitan area of Richmond, Virginia. Nutrient accumulation rates were lowest on Pocomoke River floodplains that have been hydraulically disconnected from the main channel by channelization and levees. Sediment P concentrations and P accumulation rates were much greater on the hydraulically connected floodplain immediately downstream of the limit of channelization and dense chicken agriculture of the upper Pocomoke River watershed. These findings indicate that (1) watershed land use has a large effect on sediment and nutrient retention in floodplains, and (2) limiting the hydraulic connectivity between river channels and floodplains minimizes material retention by floodplains in fluvial hydroscapes.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/04-1677","usgsCitation":"Noe, G.E., and Hupp, C., 2005, Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus accumulation in floodplains of Atlantic Coastal Plain rivers, USA: Ecological Applications, v. 15, no. 4, p. 1178-1190, https://doi.org/10.1890/04-1677.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1178","endPage":"1190","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237895,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, Maryland, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Coastal Plain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.6348876953125,\n              37.08585785263673\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.0970458984375,\n              37.08585785263673\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.0970458984375,\n              38.732661120482334\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.6348876953125,\n              38.732661120482334\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.6348876953125,\n              37.08585785263673\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f36be4b0c8380cd4b7d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Noe, Gregory E. 0000-0002-6661-2646 gnoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6661-2646","contributorId":139100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noe","given":"Gregory","email":"gnoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":423341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hupp, Cliff 0000-0003-1853-9197","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1853-9197","contributorId":19030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Cliff","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70027617,"text":"70027617 - 2005 - Incubation length of dabbling ducks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-07T15:22:08.639345","indexId":"70027617","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Incubation length of dabbling ducks","docAbstract":"<p><span>We collected unincubated eggs from wild Mallard (</span><i>Anas platyrhynchos</i><span>), Gadwall (</span><i>A. strepera</i><span>), Blue-winged Teal (</span><i>A. discors</i><span>), and Northern Shoveler (</span><i>A. clypeata</i><span>) nests and artificially incubated them at 37.5°C. Average incubation lengths of Mallard, Gadwall, and Northern Shoveler eggs did not differ from their wild-nesting counterparts, but artificially incubated Blue-winged Teal eggs required an additional 1.7 days to hatch, suggesting that wild-nesting teal incubated more effectively. A small sample of Mallard, Gadwall, and Northern Shoveler eggs artificially incubated at 38.3°C hatched 1 day sooner, indicating that incubation temperature affected incubation length. Mean incubation length of Blue-winged Teal declined by 1 day for each 11-day delay in nesting, but we found no such seasonal decline among Mallards, Gadwalls, or Northern Shovelers. There is no obvious explanation for the seasonal reduction in incubation length for Blue-winged Teal eggs incubated in a constant environment, and the phenomenon deserves further study.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/condor/107.4.926","usgsCitation":"Wells-Berlin, A.M., Prince, H.H., and Arnold, T.W., 2005, Incubation length of dabbling ducks: Condor, v. 107, no. 4, p. 926-929, https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/107.4.926.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"926","endPage":"929","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":491724,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/107.4.926","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":238132,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"107","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3a0ee4b0c8380cd61b29","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wells-Berlin, Alicia M. 0000-0002-5275-3077","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5275-3077","contributorId":10918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells-Berlin","given":"Alicia","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prince, H. H.","contributorId":82822,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Prince","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Arnold, Todd W.","contributorId":36058,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arnold","given":"Todd","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12644,"text":"University of Minnesota, St. Paul","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":414375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1008351,"text":"1008351 - 2005 - Determinants of postfire recovery and succession in mediterranean-climate shrublands of California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-29T14:22:44.941922","indexId":"1008351","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determinants of postfire recovery and succession in mediterranean-climate shrublands of California","docAbstract":"<p>Evergreen chaparral and semideciduous sage scrub shrublands were studied for five years after fires in order to evaluate hypothesized determinants of postfire recovery and succession. Residual species present in the immediate postfire environment dominated early succession. By the fifth year postfire, roughly half of the species were colonizers not present in the first year, but they comprised only 7–14% cover. Successional changes were evaluated in the context of four hypotheses: (1) event-dependent, (2) fire interval, (3) self-regulatory, and (4) environmental filter hypotheses. Characteristics specific to the fire event, for example, fire severity and annual fluctuations in precipitation, were important determinants of patterns of change in cover and density, supporting the “event-dependent” hypothesis. The “fire interval” hypothesis is also supported, primarily through the impact of short intervals on reproductive failure in obligate seeding shrubs and the impact of long intervals on fuel accumulation and resultant fire severity. Successional changes in woody cover were correlated with decreases in herb cover, indicating support for “self-regulatory” effects. Across this landscape there were strong “environmental filter” effects that resulted in complex patterns of postfire recovery and succession between coastal and interior associations of both vegetation types.</p><p>Of relevance to fire managers is the finding that postfire recovery patterns are substantially slower in the interior sage scrub formations, and thus require different management strategies than coastal formations. Also, in sage scrub (but not chaparral), prefire stand age is positively correlated with fire severity, and negatively correlated with postfire cover. Differential responses to fire severity suggest that landscapes with combinations of high and low severity may lead to enhanced biodiversity. Predicting postfire management needs is complicated by the fact that vegetation recovery is significantly controlled by patterns of precipitation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/04-1005","usgsCitation":"Keeley, J., Fotheringham, C.J., and Baer-Keeley, M., 2005, Determinants of postfire recovery and succession in mediterranean-climate shrublands of California: Ecological Applications, v. 15, p. 1515-1534, https://doi.org/10.1890/04-1005.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1515","endPage":"1534","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132611,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.20166015625,\n              32.685619853722\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.60937499999999,\n              32.685619853722\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.60937499999999,\n              34.65128519895413\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.20166015625,\n              34.65128519895413\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.20166015625,\n              32.685619853722\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db6679be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":69082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fotheringham, C. J.","contributorId":63334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fotheringham","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baer-Keeley, M.","contributorId":7239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baer-Keeley","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028842,"text":"70028842 - 2005 - Continuing sea otter population declines in the aleutian archipelago","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-27T15:33:49.440879","indexId":"70028842","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2671,"text":"Marine Mammal Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Continuing sea otter population declines in the aleutian archipelago","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1748-7692.2005.tb01218.x","usgsCitation":"Estes, J.A., Tinker, M.T., Doroff, A., and Burn, D.M., 2005, Continuing sea otter population declines in the aleutian archipelago: Marine Mammal Science, v. 21, no. 1, p. 169-172, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.2005.tb01218.x.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"169","endPage":"172","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236267,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Aleutian Archipelago","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -179.9,\n              50.45750402042058\n            ],\n            [\n              -175,\n              50.45750402042058\n            ],\n            [\n              -175,\n              53.592504809039376\n            ],\n            [\n              -179.9,\n              53.592504809039376\n            ],\n            [\n              -179.9,\n              50.45750402042058\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              175,\n              50.3454604086048\n            ],\n            [\n              179.9,\n              50.3454604086048\n            ],\n            [\n              179.9,\n              53.25206880589411\n            ],\n            [\n              175,\n              53.25206880589411\n            ],\n            [\n              175,\n              50.3454604086048\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa54e4b0c8380cd4da58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Estes, J. A.","contributorId":53319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estes","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tinker, M. T. 0000-0002-3314-839X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-839X","contributorId":54152,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tinker","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Doroff, A. M.","contributorId":92995,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doroff","given":"A. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burn, D. M.","contributorId":102838,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burn","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":73383,"text":"ofr20051415 - 2005 - Regional economic effects of current and proposed management alternatives for Arrowwood National Wildlife Refuge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-04T11:17:43","indexId":"ofr20051415","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1415","title":"Regional economic effects of current and proposed management alternatives for Arrowwood National Wildlife Refuge","docAbstract":"<p>The National Wildlife Refuge System Improvement Act of 1997 requires all units of the National Wildlife Refuge System to be managed under a Comprehensive Conservation Plan (CCP). The CCP must describe the desired future conditions of a Refuge and provide long range guidance and management direction to achieve Refuge purposes. Arrowwood National Wildlife Refuge (NWR), located along the James River in east central North Dakota, is in the process of developing a range of management goals, objectives, and strategies for the CCP. The CCP for Arrowwood NWR must contain an analysis of expected effects associated with current and proposed Refuge management strategies.</p>\n<p>Special interest groups and local residents often criticize a change in Refuge management, especially if there is a perceived negative impact to the local economy. Having objective data on income and employment impacts may show that these economic fears are overstated. Quite often, residents do not realize the extent of economic benefits a Refuge provides to a local community, yet at the same time overestimate the impact of negative changes. Spending associated with Refuge recreational activities such as wildlife viewing and hunting can generate considerable tourism activity for the regional economy. Additionally, Refuge personnel typically spend considerable amounts of money purchasing supplies in the local lumber and hardware stores, repairing equipment and purchasing fuel at the local service stations, as well as reside and spend their salaries in the local community.</p>\n<p>The purpose of this study was to provide the economic analysis needed for the Arrowwood NWR CCP by evaluating the regional economic impacts associated with the Arrowwood NWR Draft CCP management strategies. For Refuge CCP planning, an economic impact analysis describes how current (No Action Alternative) and proposed management activities (alternatives) affect the local economy. This type of analysis provides two critical pieces of information: 1) it illustrates a refuge&rsquo;s contribution to the local community; and 2) it can help in determining whether local economic effects are or are not a real concern in choosing among management alternatives. Refuge personnel provided the information needed to analyze the economic impacts of the three alternatives evaluated in the draft CCP.</p>\n<p>This report first provides a description of the local community and economy near the Refuge. An analysis of current and proposed management strategies that could affect the local economy is then presented. The Refuge management activities of economic concern in this analysis are Refuge personnel staffing and Refuge spending within the local community, and spending in the local community by Refuge visitors.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051415","usgsCitation":"Koontz, L., and Lambert, H., 2005, Regional economic effects of current and proposed management alternatives for Arrowwood National Wildlife Refuge: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1415, iii, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051415.","productDescription":"iii, 16 p.","numberOfPages":"19","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193322,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20051415.PNG"},{"id":320265,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1415/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Arrowwood National Wildlife Refuge","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db689ec1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koontz, Lynne koontzl@usgs.gov","contributorId":2174,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koontz","given":"Lynne","email":"koontzl@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":7016,"text":"Environmental Quality Division, National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":286393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lambert, Heather","contributorId":23640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambert","given":"Heather","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70029603,"text":"70029603 - 2005 - Spatial and temporal use of a spawning site in the middle green river by wild and hatchery-reared razorback suckers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:53","indexId":"70029603","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and temporal use of a spawning site in the middle green river by wild and hatchery-reared razorback suckers","docAbstract":"The population of endangered razorback suckers Xyrauchen texanus in the middle Green River (upper Colorado River basin) has declined during the last 40 years. The apparent cause for this decline is a lack of successful recruitment. This study used radiotelemetry to evaluate the ability of hatchery-reared razorback suckers to locate spawning areas where wild fish congregate during the ascending hydrographic limb of the snowmelt runoff. Hatchery-reared razorback suckers appeared to show similar reproductive behavior to wild fish. Both wild and hatchery-reared fish were found near the middle Green River spawning area between 1 and 25 May 2000. Hatchery fish occupied the same areas on the spawning site as wild fish, and remained on the spawning site during both nocturnal and diurnal hours. Males were more abundant on the spawning area than females, but the few females captured tended to stage away from the primary spawning area. The results from this study suggest hatchery-reared fish are capable of responding to natural cues that prompt spawning aggregations and are successful in locating existing spawning aggregations of wild fish. Given attention to stocking criteria, including genetic diversity and the size and time of stocking, the challenges of recovering razorback suckers will center on those factors that led to the population declines, particularly the survival of early life stages in off-channel habitats. ?? American Fisheries Society 2005.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/T04-097.1","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"Modde, T., Bowen, Z., and Kitcheyan, D., 2005, Spatial and temporal use of a spawning site in the middle green river by wild and hatchery-reared razorback suckers: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 134, no. 4, p. 937-944, https://doi.org/10.1577/T04-097.1.","startPage":"937","endPage":"944","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210686,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T04-097.1"},{"id":237681,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"134","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b944ce4b08c986b31a9b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Modde, T.","contributorId":98243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Modde","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bowen, Z.H.","contributorId":81045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowen","given":"Z.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kitcheyan, D.C.","contributorId":85390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kitcheyan","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70029696,"text":"70029696 - 2005 - Late Neogene and Quaternary evolution of the northern Albemarle Embayment (mid-Atlantic continental margin, USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-06T13:19:11","indexId":"70029696","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Neogene and Quaternary evolution of the northern Albemarle Embayment (mid-Atlantic continental margin, USA)","docAbstract":"<p><span>Seismic surveys in the eastern Albemarle Sound, adjacent tributaries and the inner continental shelf define the regional geologic framework and provide insight into the sedimentary evolution of the northern North Carolina coastal system. Litho- and chronostratigraphic data are derived from eight drill sites on the Outer Banks barrier islands, and the Mobil #1 well in eastern Albemarle Sound. Within the study area, parallel-bedded, gently dipping Miocene beds occur at 95 to &gt;</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>160 m below sea level (m bsl), and are overlain by a southward-thickening Pliocene unit characterized by steeply inclined, southward-prograding beds. The lower Pliocene unit consists of three seismic sequences. The 55–60 m thick Quaternary section unconformably overlies the Pliocene unit, and consists of 18 seismic sequences exhibiting numerous incised channel-fill facies. Shallow stratigraphy (&lt;</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>40 m bsl) is dominated by complex fill patterns within the incised paleo-Roanoke River valley. Radiocarbon and amino-acid racemization (AAR) ages indicate that the valley-fill is latest Pleistocene to Holocene in age. At least six distinct valley-fill units are identified in the seismic data. Cores in the valley-fill contain a 3–6 m thick basal fluvial channel deposit that is overlain by a 15 m thick unit of interlaminated muds and sands of brackish water origin that exhibit increasing marine influence upwards. Organic materials within the interlaminated deposits have ages of 13–11 cal. ka. The interlaminated deposits within the valley are overlain by several units that comprise shallow marine sediments (bay-mouth and shoreface environments) that consist of silty, fine- to medium-grained sands containing open neritic foraminifera, suggesting that this area lacked a fronting barrier island system and was an open embayment from ∼10 ka to ∼4.5 ka. Seismic data show that initial infilling of the paleo-Roanoke River valley occurred from the north and west during the late Pleistocene and early Holocene. Later infilling occurred from the south and east and is characterized by a large shoal body (Colington Island and Shoals) and adjacent inlet fill. Establishment of a continuous barrier island system across the bay-mouth resulted in deposition of the latest phase of valley-fill, characterized by estuarine organic-rich muds.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2005.02.030","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Mallinson, D., Riggs, S., Thieler, E., Culver, S., Farrell, K., Foster, D., Corbett, D., Horton, B., and Wehmiller, J., 2005, Late Neogene and Quaternary evolution of the northern Albemarle Embayment (mid-Atlantic continental margin, USA): Marine Geology, v. 217, no. 1-2, p. 97-117, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2005.02.030.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"97","endPage":"117","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240340,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Albemarle Embayment","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.47558593749999,\n              34.45221847282654\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.025634765625,\n              34.45221847282654\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.025634765625,\n              36.55377524336089\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.47558593749999,\n              36.55377524336089\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.47558593749999,\n              34.45221847282654\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"217","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a44f7e4b0c8380cd66f16","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mallinson, D.","contributorId":93686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mallinson","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Riggs, S.","contributorId":104710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riggs","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thieler, E.R. 0000-0003-4311-9717","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4311-9717","contributorId":93082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thieler","given":"E.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Culver, S.","contributorId":30450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Culver","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Farrell, K.","contributorId":95688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrell","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Foster, D.S.","contributorId":30641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Corbett, D.R.","contributorId":73791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corbett","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Horton, B.","contributorId":25341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wehmiller, J.F.","contributorId":37891,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wehmiller","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70029290,"text":"70029290 - 2005 - Geochemical and C, O, Sr, and U-series isotopic evidence for the meteoric origin of calcrete at Solitario Wash, Crater Flat, Nevada, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:49","indexId":"70029290","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1539,"text":"Environmental Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemical and C, O, Sr, and U-series isotopic evidence for the meteoric origin of calcrete at Solitario Wash, Crater Flat, Nevada, USA","docAbstract":"Calcite-rich soils (calcrete) in alluvium and colluvium at Solitario Wash, Crater Flat, Nevada, USA, contain pedogenic calcite and opaline silica similar to soils present elsewhere in the semi-arid southwestern United States. Nevertheless, a ground-water discharge origin for the Solitario Wash soil deposits was proposed in a series of publications proposing elevation-dependent variations of carbon and oxygen isotopes in calcrete samples. Discharge of ground water in the past would raise the possibility of future flooding in the unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, site of a proposed high-level nuclear waste repository. New geochemical and carbon, oxygen, strontium, and uranium-series isotopic data disprove the presence of systematic elevation-isotopic composition relations, which are the main justification given for a proposed ground-water discharge origin of the calcrete deposits at Solitario Wash. Values of ??13C (-4.1 to -7.8 per mil [???]), ??18O (23.8-17.2???), 87Sr/ 86Sr (0.71270-0.71146), and initial 234U/238U activity ratios of about 1.6 in the new calcrete samples are within ranges previously observed in pedogenic carbonate deposits at Yucca Mountain and are incompatible with a ground-water origin for the calcrete. Variations in carbon and oxygen isotopes in Solitario Wash calcrete likely are caused by pedogenic deposition from meteoric water under varying Quaternary climatic conditions over hundreds of thousands of years. ?? Springer-Verlag 2005.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00254-005-1260-z","issn":"09430105","usgsCitation":"Neymark, L., Paces, J., Marshall, B., Peterman, Z.E., and Whelan, J.F., 2005, Geochemical and C, O, Sr, and U-series isotopic evidence for the meteoric origin of calcrete at Solitario Wash, Crater Flat, Nevada, USA: Environmental Geology, v. 48, no. 4-5, p. 450-465, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-005-1260-z.","startPage":"450","endPage":"465","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210837,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00254-005-1260-z"},{"id":237876,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"4-5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-06-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a15b8e4b0c8380cd54f11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neymark, L.A. 0000-0003-4190-0278","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4190-0278","contributorId":56673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neymark","given":"L.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paces, J.B. 0000-0002-9809-8493","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9809-8493","contributorId":27482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paces","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marshall, B.D.","contributorId":19581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marshall","given":"B.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peterman, Z. E.","contributorId":63781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterman","given":"Z.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Whelan, J. F.","contributorId":45328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whelan","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70029294,"text":"70029294 - 2005 - Sediments in marsh ponds of the Gulf Coast Chenier Plain: Effects of structural marsh management and salinity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:51","indexId":"70029294","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3751,"text":"Wetlands Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sediments in marsh ponds of the Gulf Coast Chenier Plain: Effects of structural marsh management and salinity","docAbstract":"Physical characteristics of sediments in coastal marsh ponds (flooded zones of marsh associated with little vegetation) have important ecological consequences because they determine compositions of benthic invertebrate communities, which in turn influence compositions of waterbird communities. Sediments in marsh ponds of the Gulf Coast Chenier Plain potentially are affected by (1) structural marsh management (levees, water control structures and impoundments; SMM), and (2) variation in salinity. Based on available literature concerning effects of SMM on sediments in emergent plant zones (zones of marsh occasionally flooded and associated with dense vegetation) of coastal marshes, we predicted that SMM would increase sediment carbon content and sediment hardness, and decrease oxygen penetration (O2 depth) and the silt-clay fraction in marsh pond sediments. Assuming that freshwater marshes are more productive than are saline marshes, we also predicted that sediments of impounded freshwater marsh ponds would contain more carbon than those of impounded oligohaline and mesohaline marsh ponds, whereas C:N ratio, sediment hardness, silt-clay fraction, and O2 depth would be similar among pond types. Accordingly, we measured sediment variables within ponds of impounded and unimpounded marshes on Rockefeller State Wildlife Refuge, near Grand Chenier, Louisiana. To test the above predictions, we compared sediment variables (1) between ponds of impounded (IM) and unimpounded mesohaline marshes (UM), and (2) among ponds of impounded freshwater (IF), oligohaline (IO), and mesohaline (IM) marshes. An a priori multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) contrast indicated that sediments differed between IM and UM marsh ponds. As predicted, the silt-clay fraction and O2 depth were lower and carbon content, C:N ratio, and sediment hardness were higher in IM than in UM marsh ponds. An a priori MANOVA contrast also indicated that sediments differed among IF, IO, and IM marsh ponds. As predicted, carbon content was higher in IF marsh ponds than in ponds of other impounded marsh types. In contrast to our predictions, C:N ratio and sediment hardness were lowest and silt-clay fraction and O2 depth were highest in IO and IM marsh ponds. Our results indicated that SMM has affected physical properties of sediments in coastal marsh ponds. Moreover, sediments in IF marsh ponds were affected more so than were those in IO and IM marsh ponds. Our results, in conjunction with those of previous studies, indicated that sediments of marsh ponds and emergent plant zones differed greatly. We predict that changes in pond sediments due to SMM will promote greater epifaunal macroinvertebrate biomass, which in turn should attract larger populations of wintering waterbirds. However, waterbirds that filter or probe soft sediments may be negatively affected by SMM because of the expected decrease in infaunal invertebrate biomass. ?? Springer 2005.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands Ecology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11273-004-0182-y","issn":"09234861","usgsCitation":"Bolduc, F., and Afton, A., 2005, Sediments in marsh ponds of the Gulf Coast Chenier Plain: Effects of structural marsh management and salinity: Wetlands Ecology and Management, v. 13, no. 4, p. 395-404, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-004-0182-y.","startPage":"395","endPage":"404","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237371,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210450,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11273-004-0182-y"}],"volume":"13","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8ab4e4b08c986b317319","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bolduc, F.","contributorId":76444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bolduc","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Afton, A. D.","contributorId":83467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Afton","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70029298,"text":"70029298 - 2005 - Assessments of urban growth in the Tampa Bay watershed using remote sensing data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-10T12:56:51","indexId":"70029298","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessments of urban growth in the Tampa Bay watershed using remote sensing data","docAbstract":"<p><span>Urban development has expanded rapidly in the Tampa Bay area of west-central Florida over the past century. A major effect associated with this population trend is transformation of the landscape from natural cover types to increasingly impervious urban land. This research utilizes an innovative approach for mapping urban extent and its changes through determining impervious surfaces from Landsat satellite remote sensing data. By 2002, areas with subpixel impervious surface greater than 10% accounted for approximately 1800 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>, or 27 percent of the total watershed area. The impervious surface area increases approximately three-fold from 1991 to 2002. The resulting imperviousness data are used with a defined suite of geospatial data sets to simulate historical urban development and predict future urban and suburban extent, density, and growth patterns using SLEUTH model. Also examined is the increasingly important influence that urbanization and its associated imperviousness extent have on the individual drainage basins of the Tampa Bay watershed.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2005.04.017","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Xian, G., and Crane, M., 2005, Assessments of urban growth in the Tampa Bay watershed using remote sensing data: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 97, no. 2, p. 203-215, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2005.04.017.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"203","endPage":"215","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237441,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210503,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2005.04.017"}],"volume":"97","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee89e4b0c8380cd49de3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xian, G. 0000-0001-5674-2204","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5674-2204","contributorId":65656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xian","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crane, M.","contributorId":86957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crane","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70029309,"text":"70029309 - 2005 - Mudstone sedimentation at high latitudes: Ice as a transport medium for mud and supplier of nutrients","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:55","indexId":"70029309","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2451,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Research","onlineIssn":"1938-3681","printIssn":"1527-1404","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mudstone sedimentation at high latitudes: Ice as a transport medium for mud and supplier of nutrients","docAbstract":"Controls on mudstone deposition at high latitudes are poorly known relative to low latitudes. In recent sediments deposited in these environments, ice significantly influences sediment transport and primary productivity. The products of ice transport are relatively well known in glacimarine settings, but are less well known from below melting sea ice. This latter setting is significant as today it is associated with high primary organic productivity. The aim of this study is to assess how sea ice might have controlled lithofacies variability and organic-matter distribution and preservation in an ancient marine, siliciclastic mudstone-dominated succession deposited at high latitudes. Combined sedimentary logging, optical and electron optical (back-scatte red electron imagery), geochemical, and isotopic methods were used to determine sample variability in forty-five samples collected from the Lower Cretaceous succession in the Mikkelsen Bay State #1 borehole (North Slope, Alaska). The succession overall fines upward and contains muddy sandstones and sand- and silt-bearing, clay-rich mudstones towards its base in contrast to clay-rich and clay-dominated mudstones towards its top. Some of the mudstone units exhibit thin (< 5 mm), relic-beds that fine upward weakly. In some units small (0.5 mm), bed-parallel silt-filled microburrows disrupt depositional laminae whereas in others pervasive burrowing completely obliterates original depositional textures. Many of the units are pelleted. These mudstones are unusual in that they contain minor but very striking outsize grains, composed of subrounded to rounded sand and granule-size material. In addition, they are good petroleum source rocks, with between 2.8 and 5.9 wt % total organic carbon, of predominantly Type II kerogen. The organic matter has an isotopic signature ranging from -25.4??? ??13C to -28.1??? ??13C. Thin tuffs (< 20 mm) and carbonate-cemented units are also present. Given the absence of significant polar ice in the Early Cretaceous the outsized grains are interpreted to have been deposited from a combination of melting, dirty anchor, and fast ice. The mud fraction, which forms the bulk of the sediment, is interpreted to have been deposited from melting, sediment-laden frazil ice, and fast ice. After deposition sediments were partially reworked by bottom currents generated by brine rejection during sea ice formation. Sympagic organisms, grazing on algae and bacteria both within and below the ice, pelleted the sediment. Bioturbation, which varies through the succession, indicates that sedimentation probably occurred beneath a predominantly oxic or dysoxic water column. In this setting productivity was fueled by nutrients released from melting sea ice in the marginal ice zone. The good petroleum source potential of these mudstones is attributed to high organic productivity coupled to episodic and rapid sedimentation rather than existence of bottom-water anoxia linked to upwelling. Because sea-ice rafting was probably the dominant sediment transport mechanism it is not appropriate to use sequence stratigraphic methodology to predict lithofacies variability in this environment. Copyright ?? 2005, SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Sedimentary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2110/jsr.2005.056","issn":"15271404","usgsCitation":"Macquaker, J., and Keller, M., 2005, Mudstone sedimentation at high latitudes: Ice as a transport medium for mud and supplier of nutrients: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 75, no. 4, p. 696-709, https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2005.056.","startPage":"696","endPage":"709","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210641,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2005.056"},{"id":237626,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"75","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-09-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5f8ae4b0c8380cd70ff5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Macquaker, J.H.S.","contributorId":74191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macquaker","given":"J.H.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keller, M.A.","contributorId":41008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keller","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}