Current toxicological methods often miss contaminant effects, particularly when immune suppression is involved. The failure to recognize and evaluate indirect and sublethal effects severely limits the applicability of those methods at the population level. In this study, the Vitality model is used to evaluate the population level effects of a contaminant exerting only indirect, sublethal effects at the individual level. Juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were injected with 2.5 or 10.0 mg/kg doses of the model CYP1A inducer, β-naphthoflavone (BNF) as a pre-stressor, then exposed to a challenge dose of 102 or 104 pfu/fish of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), an important viral pathogen of salmonids in North America. At the end of the 28-d challenge, the mortality data were processed according to the Vitality model which indicated that the correlation between the average rate of vitality loss and the pre-stressor dose was strong:R2 = 0.9944. Average time to death and cumulative mortality were dependent on the BNF dose, while no significant difference between the two viral dosages was shown, implying that the history of the organism at the time of stressor exposure is an important factor in determining the virulence or toxicity of the stressor. The conceptual framework of this model permits a smoother transfer of results to a more complex stratum, namely the population level, which allows the immunosuppressive results generated by doses of a CYP1A inducer that more accurately represent the effects elicited by environmentally-relevant contaminant concentrations to be extrapolated to target populations. The indirect effects of other environmental contaminants with similar biotransformation pathways, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), could be assessed and quantified with this model and the results applied to a more complex biological hierarchy.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2004.10.006","usgsCitation":"Springman, K.R., Kurath, G., Anderson, J.J., and Emlen, J.M., 2005, Contaminants as viral cofactors: assessing indirect population effects: Aquatic Toxicology, v. 71, no. 1, p. 13-23, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2004.10.006.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"13","endPage":"23","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477759,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0r55g65z","text":"External Repository"},{"id":321186,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"71","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5735a931e4b0dae0d5df50e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Springman, Katherine R.","contributorId":169296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Springman","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":629228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kurath, Gael 0000-0003-3294-560X gkurath@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-560X","contributorId":2629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"Gael","email":"gkurath@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, James J.","contributorId":169297,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":629230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Emlen, John M.","contributorId":168812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emlen","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":629231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029593,"text":"70029593 - 2005 - Water level dynamics in wetlands and nesting success of Black Terns in Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-06T14:43:38.310776","indexId":"70029593","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water level dynamics in wetlands and nesting success of Black Terns in Maine","docAbstract":"The Black Tern (Chlidonias niger) nests in freshwater wetlands that are prone to water level fluctuations, and nest losses to flooding are common. We examined temporal patterns in water levels at six sites with Black Tern colonies in Maine and determined probabilities of flood events and associated nest loss at Douglas Pond, the location of the largest breeding colony. Daily precipitation data from weather stations and water flow data from a flow gauge below Douglas Pond were obtained for 1960-1999. Information on nest losses from three floods at Douglas Pond in 1997-1999 were used to characterize small (6% nest loss), medium (56% nest loss) and large (94% nest loss) flood events, and we calculated probabilities of these three levels of flooding occurring at Douglas Pond using historic water levels data. Water levels generally decreased gradually during the nesting season at colony sites, except at Douglas Pond where water levels fluctuated substantially in response to rain events. Annual probabilities of small, medium, and large flood events were 68%, 35%, and 13% for nests initiated during 23 May-12 July, with similar probabilities for early (23 May-12 June) and late (13 June-12 July) periods. An index of potential nest loss indicated that medium floods at Douglas Pond had the greatest potential effect on nest success because they occurred relatively frequently and inundated large proportions of nests. Nest losses at other colonies were estimated to be approximately 30% of those at Douglas Pond. Nest losses to flooding appear to be common for the Black Tern in Maine and related to spring precipitation patterns, but ultimate effects on breeding productivity are uncertain.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Waterbird Society","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695(2005)028[0181:WLDIWA]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Gilbert, A.T., and Servello, F.A., 2005, Water level dynamics in wetlands and nesting success of Black Terns in Maine: Waterbirds, v. 28, no. 2, p. 181-187, https://doi.org/10.1675/1524-4695(2005)028[0181:WLDIWA]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"181","endPage":"187","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237497,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Messalonskee Lake, Sebastiscook River watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -69.80506896972656,\n 44.43672160879806\n ],\n [\n -69.76181030273438,\n 44.47495104782301\n ],\n [\n -69.77005004882812,\n 44.48621905301396\n ],\n [\n -69.70207214355469,\n 44.549377532663684\n ],\n [\n -69.71855163574217,\n 44.551824157594105\n ],\n [\n -69.79476928710938,\n 44.50091318061943\n ],\n [\n -69.82978820800781,\n 44.459270203098846\n ],\n [\n -69.83596801757812,\n 44.43819243462858\n ],\n [\n -69.80506896972656,\n 44.43672160879806\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -69.46105957031249,\n 44.94681940731857\n ],\n [\n -69.33952331542969,\n 45.02695045318546\n ],\n [\n -69.16030883789062,\n 45.08709642547449\n ],\n [\n -69.20906066894531,\n 45.125866704733575\n ],\n [\n -69.46929931640624,\n 45.06042658364084\n ],\n [\n -69.59014892578125,\n 44.91668060637917\n ],\n [\n -69.39651489257812,\n 44.772574139128416\n ],\n [\n -69.33952331542969,\n 44.75307264365521\n ],\n [\n -69.31686401367188,\n 44.79304362450304\n ],\n [\n -69.46105957031249,\n 44.94681940731857\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc7f6e4b08c986b32c6f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gilbert, Andrew T.","contributorId":100974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilbert","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Servello, F. A.","contributorId":7804,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Servello","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029446,"text":"70029446 - 2005 - Male Texas Horned Lizards increase daily movements and area covered in spring: A mate searching strategy?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-24T14:36:03.728311","indexId":"70029446","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2334,"text":"Journal of Herpetology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Male Texas Horned Lizards increase daily movements and area covered in spring: A mate searching strategy?","docAbstract":"Texas Horned Lizards, Phrynosoma cornutum, were tracked using fluorescent powder to determine exact daily movements. Daily linear movements and daily space use were compared between adult males and females. Lizards that traveled the greatest linear distances also covered the largest areas. In Oklahoma, adults emerge from hibernation in late April and early May and mate soon afterward. Males traveled significantly greater distances (and covered significantly larger areas in a day) than females in May but not after May. We propose that males move more and cover more area than females early in the mating season to intercept receptive females.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles","doi":"10.1670/0022-1511(2005)039[0168:MTHLID]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Stark, R.C., Fox, S.F., and Leslie, D., 2005, Male Texas Horned Lizards increase daily movements and area covered in spring: A mate searching strategy?: Journal of Herpetology, v. 39, no. 1, p. 169-173, https://doi.org/10.1670/0022-1511(2005)039[0168:MTHLID]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"169","endPage":"173","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237488,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","county":"Payne County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-96.9277,36.246],[-96.8216,36.245],[-96.8212,36.1593],[-96.6245,36.1605],[-96.6228,35.9427],[-97.1428,35.9442],[-97.1423,35.9641],[-97.1557,35.9485],[-97.1729,35.9428],[-97.1872,35.9426],[-97.2013,35.9469],[-97.2163,35.9576],[-97.2252,35.9677],[-97.236,35.9683],[-97.2461,35.9721],[-97.2523,35.9744],[-97.2734,35.9734],[-97.2841,35.9767],[-97.2863,35.9795],[-97.2862,35.9835],[-97.2883,35.9931],[-97.2927,36.0004],[-97.2982,36.0091],[-97.3055,36.011],[-97.3203,36.0108],[-97.3329,36.0078],[-97.3359,36.0024],[-97.34,35.9947],[-97.3475,35.9885],[-97.3556,35.9841],[-97.3569,36.1583],[-97.1426,36.1588],[-97.1417,36.245],[-96.9277,36.246]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Payne\",\"state\":\"OK\"}}]}","volume":"39","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4c3ee4b0c8380cd69af9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stark, Richard C.","contributorId":28425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stark","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fox, S. F.","contributorId":100984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fox","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leslie, David 0000-0002-3884-1484 cleslie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3884-1484","contributorId":169989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leslie","given":"David","email":"cleslie@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":422778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029428,"text":"70029428 - 2005 - Biomass, production and woody detritus in an old coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:46","indexId":"70029428","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3086,"text":"Plant Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biomass, production and woody detritus in an old coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) forest","docAbstract":"We examined aboveground biomass dynamics, aboveground net primary production (ANPP), and woody detritus input in an old Sequoia sempervirens stand over a three-decade period. Our estimates of aboveground biomass ranged from 3300 to 5800 Mg ha-1. Stem biomass estimates ranged from 3000 to 5200 Mg ha-1. Stem biomass declined 7% over the study interval. Biomass dynamics were patchy, with marked declines in recent tree-fall patches <0.05 ha in size. Larger tree-fall patches approaching 0.2 ha in size were observed outside the study plot. Our estimates of ANPP ranged from 6 to 14 Mg ha -1yr-1. Estimates of 7 to 10 Mg ha-1yr -1 were considered to be relatively accurate. Thus, our estimates based on long-term data corroborated the findings of earlier short-term studies. ANPP of old, pure stands of Sequoia was not above average for temperate forests. Even though production was potentially high on a per stem basis, it was moderate at the stand level. We obtained values of 797 m3 ha -1 and 262 Mg ha-1 for coarse woody detritus volume and mass, respectively. Fine woody detritus volume and mass were estimated at 16 m3 ha-1 and 5 Mg ha-1, respectively. Standing dead trees (or snags) comprised 7% of the total coarse detritus volume and 8% of the total mass. Coarse detritus input averaged 5.7 to 6.9 Mg ha -1yr-1. Assuming steady-state input and pool of coarse detritus, we obtained a decay rate constant of 0.022 to 0.026. The old-growth stand of Sequoia studied had extremely high biomass, but ANPP was moderate and the amount of woody detritus was not exceptionally large. Biomass accretion and loss were not rapid in this stand partly because of the slow population dynamics and low canopy turnover rate of Sequoia at the old-growth stage. Nomenclature: Hickman (1993). ?? Springer 2005.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Plant Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11258-005-2322-8","issn":"13850237","usgsCitation":"Busing, R.T., and Fujimori, T., 2005, Biomass, production and woody detritus in an old coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) forest: Plant Ecology, v. 177, no. 2, p. 177-188, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-005-2322-8.","startPage":"177","endPage":"188","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210755,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11258-005-2322-8"},{"id":237774,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"177","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f18ce4b0c8380cd4acca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Busing, R. T.","contributorId":72162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busing","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fujimori, T.","contributorId":86926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fujimori","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029596,"text":"70029596 - 2005 - Ecology and shell chemistry of Loxoconcha matagordensis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:53","indexId":"70029596","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecology and shell chemistry of Loxoconcha matagordensis","docAbstract":"Studies of the seasonal ecology and shell chemistry of the ostracode Loxoconcha matagordensis and related species of Loxoconcha from regions off eastern North America reveal that shell size and trace elemental (Mg/Ca ratio) composition are useful in paleothermometry using fossil populations. Seasonal sampling of populations from Chesapeake Bay, augmented by samples from Florida Bay, indicate that shell size is inversely proportional to water temperature and that Mg/Ca ratios are positively correlated with the water temperature in which the adult carapace was secreted. Microprobe analyses of sectioned valves reveal intra-shell variability in Mg/Ca ratios but this does not strongly influence the utility of whole shell Mg/Ca analyses for paleoclimate application.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.05.022","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Cronin, T.M., Kamiya, T., Dwyer, G.S., Belkin, H., Vann, C., Schwede, S., and Wagner, R., 2005, Ecology and shell chemistry of Loxoconcha matagordensis: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 225, no. 1-4, p. 14-67, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.05.022.","startPage":"14","endPage":"67","numberOfPages":"54","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":488069,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6579","text":"External Repository"},{"id":237536,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210572,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.05.022"}],"volume":"225","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a056be4b0c8380cd50dc1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cronin, T. M. 0000-0002-2643-0979","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":42613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":423393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kamiya, T.","contributorId":19302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kamiya","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dwyer, G. S.","contributorId":39951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dwyer","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Belkin, H. 0000-0001-7879-6529","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7879-6529","contributorId":105870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belkin","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vann, C.D.","contributorId":51951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vann","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schwede, S.","contributorId":9825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwede","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wagner, R.","contributorId":88859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70029595,"text":"70029595 - 2005 - Annual survival and site fidelity of northern pintails banded on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-29T16:20:05","indexId":"70029595","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Annual survival and site fidelity of northern pintails banded on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska","docAbstract":"We banded northern pintails (Anas acuta; n = 13,645) at a single site on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (YKD), Alaska, USA, from 1990 to 2001. We used recaptures from our site in combination with hunter recoveries to model annual survival, recovery rates, and fidelity to our capture location. Most recoveries (>90%) occurred in the Pacific Flyway with 64% reported from California's Central Valley. Our top candidate models allowed survival to vary by sex but not by age or year. Estimated annual survival was 77.6% (95% CI: 73.9-81.0%) for males and 60.2% (95% CI: 53.2-67.0%) for females. Reporting rates varied by age, sex, and year; estimates for adult males exceeded those for adult females by 3.5 times. Within sexes, reporting rates of hatch-year pintails exceeded those of adults. Estimated recovery rates were considerably lower than those estimated during the 1950s-1970s for winter banded pintails (Hestbeck 1993b), but there were no differences in survival rates. This suggests that changes in harvest regulations may not have influenced annual survival in this population. The propensity of banded pintails to return to our capture site (fidelity rate) varied between sexes and was positively correlated with water conditions in prairie Canada. Our estimates of fidelity rates varied from 77.4% to 87.2% for males and 89.8% to 94.3% for females. Our fidelity estimates suggest that some level of subpopulation structuring may exist for northern pintails. Additionally, our estimates of fidelity support previous observations of northern pintails overflying poor wetland habitat conditions on the Canadian prairies.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Washington Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/0022-541X(2005)069[1202:ASASFO]2.0.CO;2","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Nicolai, C.A., Flint, P.L., and Wege, M.L., 2005, Annual survival and site fidelity of northern pintails banded on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 69, no. 3, p. 1202-1210, https://doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2005)069[1202:ASASFO]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1202","endPage":"1210","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237535,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210571,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2005)069[1202:ASASFO]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"69","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ec39e4b0c8380cd49132","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nicolai, Christopher A.","contributorId":107140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nicolai","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":423389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wege, Michael L.","contributorId":78629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wege","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029344,"text":"70029344 - 2005 - Hypocenter locations in finite-source rupture models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:50","indexId":"70029344","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hypocenter locations in finite-source rupture models","docAbstract":"We use a database of more than 80 finite-source rupture models for more than 50 earthquakes (Mw, 4.1-8.1) with different faulting styles occurring in both tectonic and subduction environments to analyze the location of the hypocenter within the fault and to consider the correlation between hypocenter location and regions of large slip. Rupture in strike-slip and crustal dip-slip earthquakes tends to nucleate in the deeper sections of the fault; subduction earthquakes do not show this tendency. Ratios of the hypocentral slip to either the average or the maximum slip show that rupture can nucleate at locations with any level of relative displacement. Rupture nucleates in regions of very large slip (D ??? 2/3 Dmax,) in only 16% of the events, in regions of large slip (1/3 Dmax < D < 2/3 Dmax,) in 35% of the events, and in regions of low slip (D ??? 1/3 Dmax) in 48% of the events. These percentages significantly exceed the percentages of fault area with very large (???7%) and large (???28%) slip. Ruptures that nucleate in regions of low slip, however, tend to nucleate close to regions of large slip and encounter a zone of very large slip within half the total rupture length. Applying several statistical tests we conclude that hypocenters are not randomly located on a fault but are located either within or close to regions of large slip.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120040111","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Mai, P., Spudich, P., and Boatwright, J., 2005, Hypocenter locations in finite-source rupture models: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 95, no. 3, p. 965-980, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120040111.","startPage":"965","endPage":"980","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237594,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210619,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120040111"}],"volume":"95","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a37bbe4b0c8380cd610f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mai, P.M.","contributorId":32712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mai","given":"P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spudich, P.","contributorId":85700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spudich","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boatwright, J.","contributorId":87297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boatwright","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029346,"text":"70029346 - 2005 - Stable-isotope geochemistry of the Pierina high-sulfidation Au-Ag deposit, Peru: Influence of hydrodynamics on SO42--H2S sulfur isotopic exchange in magmatic-steam and steam-heated environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:55","indexId":"70029346","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stable-isotope geochemistry of the Pierina high-sulfidation Au-Ag deposit, Peru: Influence of hydrodynamics on SO42--H2S sulfur isotopic exchange in magmatic-steam and steam-heated environments","docAbstract":"The Pierina high-sulfidation Au-Ag deposit formed 14.5 my ago in rhyolite ash flow tuffs that overlie porphyritic andesite and dacite lavas and are adjacent to a crosscutting and interfingering dacite flow dome complex. The distribution of alteration zones indicates that fluid flow in the lavas was largely confined to structures but was dispersed laterally in the tuffs because of a high primary and alteration-induced permeability. The lithologically controlled hydrodynamics created unusual fluid, temperature, and pH conditions that led to complete SO42--H2S isotopic equilibration during the formation of some magmatic-steam and steam-heated alunite, a phenomenon not previously recognized in similar deposits. Isotopic data for early magmatic hydrothermal and main-stage alunite (??34S=8.5??? to 31.7???; ??18 OSO4=4.9??? to 16.5???; ??18 OOH=2.2??? to 14.4???; ??D=-97??? to -39???), sulfides (??34 S=-3.0??? to 4.3???), sulfur (??34S=-1.0??? to 1.1???), and clay minerals (??18O=4.3??? to 12.5???; ??D=-126??? to -81???) are typical of high-sulfidation epithermal deposits. The data imply the following genetic elements for Pierina alteration-mineralization: (1) fluid and vapor exsolution from an I-type magma, (2) wallrock buffering and cooling of slowing rising vapors to generate a reduced (H2S/SO4???6) highly acidic condensate that mixed with meteoric water but retained a magmatic ??34S???S signature of ???1???, (3) SO2 disproportionation to HSO4- and H2S between 320 and 180 ??C, and (4) progressive neutralization of laterally migrating acid fluids to form a vuggy quartz???alunite-quartz??clay???intermediate argillic???propylitic alteration zoning. Magmatic-steam alunite has higher ??34S (8.5??? to 23.2???) and generally lower ??18OSO4 (1.0 to 11.5???), ??18OOH (-3.4 to 5.9???), and ??D (-93 to -77???) values than predicted on the basis of data from similar occurrences. These data and supporting fluid-inclusion gas chemistry imply that the rate of vapor ascent for this environment was unusually slow, which provided sufficient time for the uptake of groundwater and partial to complete SO42--H2S isotopic exchange. The slow steam velocities were likely related to the dispersal of the steam column as it entered the tuffs and possibly to intermediate exsolution rates from magmatic brine. The low ??D values may also partly reflect continuous degassing of the mineralizing magma. Similarly, data for steam-heated alunite (??34S=12.3??? to 27.2???; ??18OSO4=11.7??? to 13.0???; ??18OOH=6.6??? to 9.4???; ??D=-59??? to -42???) are unusual and indicate a strong magmatic influence, relatively high temperatures (140 to 180 ??C, based on ??18 OSO4-OH fractionations), and partial to complete sulfur isotopic exchange between steam-heated sulfate and H2S. Restricted lithologically controlled fluid flow in the host tuffs allowed magmatic condensate to supplant meteoric groundwater at the water table and create the high-temperature low-pH conditions that permitted unusually rapid SO42--H2S isotopic equilibration (50-300 days) and (or) long sulfate residence times for this environment. Late void-filling barite (??34S=7.4??? to 29.7???; ??18OSO4=-0.4??? to 15.1???) and later void-filling goethite (??18O=-11.8??? to 0.2???) document a transition from magmatic condensate to dominantly meteoric water in steam-heated fluids during cooling and collapse of the hydrothermal system. These steam-heated fluids oxidized the top ???300 m of the deposit by leaching sulfides, redistributing metals, and precipitating barite??acanthite??gold and goethite-hematite ??gold. Steam-heated oxidation, rather than weathering, was critical to forming the orebody in that it not only released encapsulated gold but likely enriched the deposit to ore-grade Au concentrations. ?? 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.06.040","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Fifarek, R., and Rye, R.O., 2005, Stable-isotope geochemistry of the Pierina high-sulfidation Au-Ag deposit, Peru: Influence of hydrodynamics on SO42--H2S sulfur isotopic exchange in magmatic-steam and steam-heated environments: Chemical Geology, v. 215, no. 1-4 SPEC. ISS., p. 253-279, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.06.040.","startPage":"253","endPage":"279","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210642,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.06.040"},{"id":237628,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"215","issue":"1-4 SPEC. ISS.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b968ce4b08c986b31b59b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fifarek, R.H.","contributorId":50717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fifarek","given":"R.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rye, R. O.","contributorId":66208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rye","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029516,"text":"70029516 - 2005 - Estimating contaminant loads in rivers: An application of adjusted maximum likelihood to type 1 censored data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T15:54:19","indexId":"70029516","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating contaminant loads in rivers: An application of adjusted maximum likelihood to type 1 censored data","docAbstract":"This paper presents an adjusted maximum likelihood estimator (AMLE) that can be used to estimate fluvial transport of contaminants, like phosphorus, that are subject to censoring because of analytical detection limits. The AMLE is a generalization of the widely accepted minimum variance unbiased estimator (MVUE), and Monte Carlo experiments confirm that it shares essentially all of the MVUE's desirable properties, including high efficiency and negligible bias. In particular, the AMLE exhibits substantially less bias than alternative censored‐data estimators such as the MLE (Tobit) or the MLE followed by a jackknife. As with the MLE and the MVUE the AMLE comes close to achieving the theoretical Frechet‐Cramér‐Rao bounds on its variance. This paper also presents a statistical framework, applicable to both censored and complete data, for understanding and estimating the components of uncertainty associated with load estimates. This can serve to lower the cost and improve the efficiency of both traditional and real‐time water quality monitoring.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2004WR003833","usgsCitation":"Cohn, T., 2005, Estimating contaminant loads in rivers: An application of adjusted maximum likelihood to type 1 censored data: Water Resources Research, v. 41, no. 7, Article W07003; 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2004WR003833.","productDescription":"Article W07003; 13 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477764,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2004wr003833","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237453,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b12e4b0c8380cd5255a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cohn, Timothy A. tacohn@usgs.gov","contributorId":2927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohn","given":"Timothy A.","email":"tacohn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":423069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70029690,"text":"70029690 - 2005 - Estimating discharge in rivers using remotely sensed hydraulic information","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:07","indexId":"70029690","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating discharge in rivers using remotely sensed hydraulic information","docAbstract":"A methodology to estimate in-bank river discharge exclusively from remotely sensed hydraulic data is developed. Water-surface width and maximum channel width measured from 26 aerial and digital orthophotos of 17 single channel rivers and 41 SAR images of three braided rivers were coupled with channel slope data obtained from topographic maps to estimate the discharge. The standard error of the discharge estimates were within a factor of 1.5-2 (50-100%) of the observed, with the mean estimate accuracy within 10%. This level of accuracy was achieved using calibration functions developed from observed discharge. The calibration functions use reach specific geomorphic variables, the maximum channel width and the channel slope, to predict a correction factor. The calibration functions are related to channel type. Surface velocity and width information, obtained from a single C-band image obtained by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory's (JPL's) AirSAR was also used to estimate discharge for a reach of the Missouri River. Without using a calibration function, the estimate accuracy was +72% of the observed discharge, which is within the expected range of uncertainty for the method. However, using the observed velocity to calibrate the initial estimate improved the estimate accuracy to within +10% of the observed. Remotely sensed discharge estimates with accuracies reported in this paper could be useful for regional or continental scale hydrologic studies, or in regions where ground-based data is lacking. ?? 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2004.11.022","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Bjerklie, D., Moller, D., Smith, L., and Dingman, S., 2005, Estimating discharge in rivers using remotely sensed hydraulic information: Journal of Hydrology, v. 309, no. 1-4, p. 191-209, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2004.11.022.","startPage":"191","endPage":"209","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212677,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2004.11.022"},{"id":240201,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"309","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b16e4b0c8380cd5256e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bjerklie, D.M.","contributorId":68923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bjerklie","given":"D.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moller, D.","contributorId":47585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moller","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, L.C.","contributorId":88561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"L.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dingman, S.L.","contributorId":46720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dingman","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029518,"text":"70029518 - 2005 - Ground water/surface water responses to global climate simulations, Santa Clara-Calleguas Basin, Ventura, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-25T13:56:21.167122","indexId":"70029518","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground water/surface water responses to global climate simulations, Santa Clara-Calleguas Basin, Ventura, California","docAbstract":"Climate variations can play an important, if not always crucial, role in successful conjunctive management of ground water and surface water resources. This will require accurate accounting of the links between variations in climate, recharge, and withdrawal from the resource systems, accurate projection or predictions of the climate variations, and accurate simulation of the responses of the resource systems. To assess linkages and predictability of climate influences on conjunctive management, global climate model (GCM) simulated precipitation rates were used to estimate inflows and outflows from a regional ground water model (RGWM) of the coastal aquifers of the Santa Clara-Calleguas Basin at Ventura, California, for 1950 to 1993. Interannual to interdecadal time scales of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) climate variations are imparted to simulated precipitation variations in the Southern California area and are realistically imparted to the simulated ground water level variations through the climate-driven recharge (and discharge) variations. For example, the simulated average ground water level response at a key observation well in the basin to ENSO variations of tropical Pacific sea surface temperatures is 1.2 m/°C, compared to 0.9 m/°C in observations. This close agreement shows that the GCM-RGWM combination can translate global scale climate variations into realistic local ground water responses. Probability distributions of simulated ground water level excursions above a local water level threshold for potential seawater intrusion compare well to the corresponding distributions from observations and historical RGWM simulations, demonstrating the combination's potential usefulness for water management and planning. Thus the GCM-RGWM combination could be used for planning purposes and — when the GCM forecast skills are adequate — for near term predictions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2005.tb03752.x","usgsCitation":"Hanson, R.T., and Dettinger, M.D., 2005, Ground water/surface water responses to global climate simulations, Santa Clara-Calleguas Basin, Ventura, California: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 41, no. 3, p. 517-536, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2005.tb03752.x.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"517","endPage":"536","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237455,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Ventura","otherGeospatial":"Santa Clara-Calleguas Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.2181396484375,\n 34.229970811273084\n ],\n [\n -118.8775634765625,\n 34.53371242139564\n ],\n [\n -119.23187255859375,\n 34.7506398050501\n ],\n [\n -119.52301025390624,\n 34.40917568058836\n ],\n [\n -119.24560546875001,\n 34.23110622201053\n ],\n [\n -119.2181396484375,\n 34.229970811273084\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2b2ce4b0c8380cd5b772","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanson, Randall T. 0000-0002-9819-7141 rthanson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9819-7141","contributorId":801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"Randall","email":"rthanson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":423076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dettinger, Michael D. 0000-0002-7509-7332 mddettin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":149896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"Michael","email":"mddettin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":423077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029348,"text":"70029348 - 2005 - Spatial and temporal variability of the overall error of National Atmospheric Deposition Program measurements determined by the USGS collocated-sampler program, water years 1989-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:50","indexId":"70029348","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Spatial and temporal variability of the overall error of National Atmospheric Deposition Program measurements determined by the USGS collocated-sampler program, water years 1989-2001","docAbstract":"Data from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collocated-sampler program for the National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network (NADP/NTN) are used to estimate the overall error of NADP/NTN measurements. Absolute errors are estimated by comparison of paired measurements from collocated instruments. Spatial and temporal differences in absolute error were identified and are consistent with longitudinal distributions of NADP/NTN measurements and spatial differences in precipitation characteristics. The magnitude of error for calcium, magnesium, ammonium, nitrate, and sulfate concentrations, specific conductance, and sample volume is of minor environmental significance to data users. Data collected after a 1994 sample-handling protocol change are prone to less absolute error than data collected prior to 1994. Absolute errors are smaller during non-winter months than during winter months for selected constituents at sites where frozen precipitation is common. Minimum resolvable differences are estimated for different regions of the USA to aid spatial and temporal watershed analyses.","largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Pollution","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2004.11.014","issn":"02697491","usgsCitation":"Wetherbee, G., Latysh, N., and Gordon, J., 2005, Spatial and temporal variability of the overall error of National Atmospheric Deposition Program measurements determined by the USGS collocated-sampler program, water years 1989-2001, in Environmental Pollution, v. 135, no. 3 SPEC. ISS., p. 407-418, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2004.11.014.","startPage":"407","endPage":"418","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210670,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2004.11.014"},{"id":237665,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"135","issue":"3 SPEC. ISS.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9453e4b08c986b31a9ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wetherbee, G.A.","contributorId":46136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wetherbee","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Latysh, N.E.","contributorId":97228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Latysh","given":"N.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gordon, J.D.","contributorId":26684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gordon","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029524,"text":"70029524 - 2005 - Stream acidification and mortality of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in response to timber harvest in Catskill Mountain watersheds, New York, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:52","indexId":"70029524","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stream acidification and mortality of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in response to timber harvest in Catskill Mountain watersheds, New York, USA","docAbstract":"Effects of clear-cut and timber-stand improvement (TSI) harvests on water chemistry and mortality of caged brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) were evaluated in a study of three Catskill Mountain streams, 1994-2000. Harvests removed 73% of tree basal area (BA) from a clearcut subbasin, 5% BA from a TSI subbasin, and 14% BA at a site below the confluence of both streams. A fourth nonharvested site served as a control. Water quality and trout mortality were affected only in the clearcut stream. Acidity and concentrations of nitrate and inorganic monomeric aluminum (Alim) increased sharply during high flows after the first growing season (fall 1997). Acid-Alim episodes were severe during this period and decreased steadily in magnitude and duration thereafter. All trout at this site died within 7 days during spring 1998 and 85% died during spring 1999. Only background mortality was observed in other years at this site and at the other three sites during all tests. The absence of mortality in TSI watersheds indicates that limited harvests should not harm brook trout populations in acid-sensitive streams. Effects of tree harvests on fish communities are of concern, however, because many stream-dwelling species are more sensitive to acidified waters than brook trout. ?? 2005 NRC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/f05-022","issn":"0706652X","usgsCitation":"Baldigo, B., Murdoch, P., and Burns, D.A., 2005, Stream acidification and mortality of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in response to timber harvest in Catskill Mountain watersheds, New York, USA: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 62, no. 5, p. 1168-1183, https://doi.org/10.1139/f05-022.","startPage":"1168","endPage":"1183","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237531,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210568,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f05-022"}],"volume":"62","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9a5fe4b08c986b31c8de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baldigo, Barry P. 0000-0002-9862-9119","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9862-9119","contributorId":25174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldigo","given":"Barry P.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":423091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Murdoch, Peter S.","contributorId":73547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murdoch","given":"Peter S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burns, Douglas A. 0000-0001-6516-2869","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6516-2869","contributorId":29450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029438,"text":"70029438 - 2005 - Surface water acidification responses and critical loads of sulfur and nitrogen deposition in Loch Vale watershed, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T15:51:41","indexId":"70029438","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Surface water acidification responses and critical loads of sulfur and nitrogen deposition in Loch Vale watershed, Colorado","docAbstract":"We evaluated the sensitivity of The Loch, a subalpine lake in Rocky Mountain National Park in Colorado, to acidification in response to increased atmospheric loading of sulfur (S) and nitrogen (N) using the Model of Acidification of Groundwater in Catchments (MAGIC). Lake water acid‐base chemistry was moderately sensitive to changes in both S and N deposition. However, the loads of S deposition that would drive chronic lake water acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) to below 0 or 20 μeq L−1 were estimated to be 11 and 8 kg S ha−1 yr−1, respectively, assuming constant future N deposition at current levels. Comparable loads for N deposition, assuming constant future S deposition, were estimated to be 21 and 12 kg N ha−1 yr−1, respectively. Modeling results for Andrews Creek, an alpine tributary to The Loch, suggested critical loads for surface water acidification that averaged about one third lower. Surface water ANC = 50 μeq L−1 was projected to occur in 50 years in The Loch if S or N deposition increased by a moderate amount (<40%) but could not be achieved in Andrews Creek by reducing either S or N deposition to zero. On the basis of the results of synoptic surveys of lake water chemistry, about one fifth of the wilderness lakes in the Colorado Front Range are more acid‐sensitive than The Loch. This modeling exercise suggests the need for a regional analysis of critical loads for the larger population of acid‐sensitive aquatic resources in order to provide part of the scientific foundation for federally mandated land management decisions.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2004WR003414","usgsCitation":"Sullivan, T., Cosby, B., Tonnessen, K., and Clow, D.W., 2005, Surface water acidification responses and critical loads of sulfur and nitrogen deposition in Loch Vale watershed, Colorado: Water Resources Research, v. 41, no. 1, Article W01021; 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2004WR003414.","productDescription":"Article W01021; 15 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477813,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2004wr003414","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237378,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-01-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9fc4e4b08c986b31e7fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sullivan, T.J.","contributorId":83734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cosby, B.J.","contributorId":96455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cosby","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tonnessen, K.A.","contributorId":30196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tonnessen","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Clow, D. W.","contributorId":23531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clow","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029525,"text":"70029525 - 2005 - Population structure of the African Clawed Frog (Xenopus laevis) in maize-growing areas with atrazine application versus non-maize-growing areas in South Africa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-24T07:23:57","indexId":"70029525","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":671,"text":"African Journal of Herpetology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population structure of the African Clawed Frog (Xenopus laevis) in maize-growing areas with atrazine application versus non-maize-growing areas in South Africa","docAbstract":"The herbicide atrazine has been suggested to cause gonadal deformities in frogs and could possibly impact on reproduction. Since the early 1960s, atrazine has been used in large amounts in maize production areas of South Africa. These areas overlap with populations of the African Clawed Frog (Xenopus laevis) that has a wide distribution in southern Africa and is found in most water-bodies including those where atrazine residues are detected. The aim of this study was to compare various attributes of individual- and population-level responses of X. laevis from maize-growing and non-maize-growing areas. Xenopus laevis were studied in three reference and five maize-growing sites. Sex ratio, snout-vent length, body-mass and age profiles were found to be similar for populations in maize-growing and non-maize-growing areas. Our mark-recapture data indicated that all sites had robust populations. There were no significant relationships between exposure to atrazine and any of the parameters investigated in populations of X. laevis.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"African Journal of Herpetology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1080/21564574.2005.9635518","issn":"04416651","usgsCitation":"Du Preez, L., Solomon, K., Carr, J., Giesy, J., Gross, T., Kendall, R., Smith, E., Van Der Kraak, G.L., and Weldon, C., 2005, Population structure of the African Clawed Frog (Xenopus laevis) in maize-growing areas with atrazine application versus non-maize-growing areas in South Africa: African Journal of Herpetology, v. 54, no. 1, p. 61-68, https://doi.org/10.1080/21564574.2005.9635518.","startPage":"61","endPage":"68","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":268092,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21564574.2005.9635518"},{"id":237567,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7da1e4b0c8380cd7a07c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Du Preez, L.H.","contributorId":88552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Du Preez","given":"L.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Solomon, K.R.","contributorId":45432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solomon","given":"K.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carr, J.A.","contributorId":106692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Giesy, J. P.","contributorId":60574,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Giesy","given":"J. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gross, T. S.","contributorId":95828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gross","given":"T. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kendall, R.J.","contributorId":38768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Smith, E.E.","contributorId":47154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"E.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Van Der Kraak, G. L.","contributorId":62401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Der Kraak","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Weldon, C.","contributorId":93267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weldon","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70029341,"text":"70029341 - 2005 - Using chaotic forcing to detect damage in a structure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-19T20:46:58.652525","indexId":"70029341","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1206,"text":"Chaos","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using chaotic forcing to detect damage in a structure","docAbstract":"In this work we develop a numerical test for Holder continuity and apply it and another test for continuity to the difficult problem of detecting damage in structures. We subject a thin metal plate with incremental damage to the plate changes, its filtering properties, and therefore the phase space trajectories of the response chaotic excitation of various bandwidths. Damage to the plate changes its filtering properties and therefore the phase space of the response. Because the data are multivariate (the plate is instrumented with multiple sensors) we use a singular value decomposition of the set of the output time series to reduce the embedding dimension of the response time series. We use two geometric tests to compare an attractor reconstructed from data from an undamaged structure to that reconstructed from data from a damaged structure. These two tests translate to testing for both generalized and differentiable synchronization between responses. We show loss of synchronization of responses with damage to the structure.","language":"English","publisher":"American Institute of Physics","publisherLocation":"Woodbury, N.Y.","doi":"10.1063/1.1903203","issn":"10541500","usgsCitation":"Moniz, L., Nichols, J., Trickey, S., Seaver, M., Pecora, D., and Pecora, L., 2005, Using chaotic forcing to detect damage in a structure: Chaos, v. 15, 023106, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1903203.","productDescription":"023106, 10 p.","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237556,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-05-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc03be4b08c986b329fdc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moniz, L.","contributorId":92783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moniz","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.","contributorId":105906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trickey, S.","contributorId":6652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trickey","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Seaver, M.","contributorId":73000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seaver","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pecora, D.","contributorId":22136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pecora","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pecora, L.","contributorId":49972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pecora","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70029685,"text":"70029685 - 2005 - Biochemical effects of lead, zinc, and cadmium from mining on fish in the Tri-States district of northeastern Oklahoma, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-26T14:37:32","indexId":"70029685","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biochemical effects of lead, zinc, and cadmium from mining on fish in the Tri-States district of northeastern Oklahoma, USA","docAbstract":"We assessed the exposure of fish from the Spring and Neosho Rivers in northeast Oklahoma, USA, to lead, zinc, and cadmium from historical mining in the Tri-States Mining District (TSMD). Fish (n = 74) representing six species were collected in October 2001 from six sites on the Spring and Neosho Rivers influenced to differing degrees by mining. Additional samples were obtained from the Big River, a heavily contaminated stream in eastern Missouri, USA, and from reference sites. Blood from each fish was analyzed for Pb, Zn, Cd, Fe, and hemoglobin (Hb). Blood also was analyzed for ??-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALA-D) activity. The activity of ALA-D, an enzyme involved in heme synthesis, is inhibited by Pb. Concentrations of Fe and Hb were highly correlated (r = 0.89, p < 0.01) across all species and locations and typically were greater in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) than in other taxa. Concentrations of Pb, Zn, and Cd typically were greatest in fish from sites most heavily affected by mining and lowest in reference samples. The activity of ALA-D, but not concentrations of Hb or Fe, also differed significantly (p < 0.01) among sites and species. Enzyme activity was lowest in fish from mining-contaminated sites and greatest in reference fish, and was correlated negatively with Pb in most species. Statistically significant (p < 0.01) linear regression models that included negative terms for blood Pb explained as much as 68% of the total variation in ALA-D activity, but differences among taxa were highly evident. Positive correlations with Zn were documented in the combined data for channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) and flathead catfish (Pylodictis olivaris), as has been reported for other taxa, but not in bass (Micropterus spp.) or carp. In channel catfish, ALA-D activity appeared to be more sensitive to blood Pb than in the other species investigated (i.e., threshold concentrations for inhibition were lower). Such among-species differences are consistent with previous studies. Enzyme activity was inhibited by more than 50% relative to reference sites in channel catfish from several TSMD sites. Collectively, our results indicate that Pb is both bioavailable and active biochemically in the Spring-Neosho River system. ?? 2005 SETAC.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1897/04-332R.1","issn":"07307268","usgsCitation":"Schmitt, C.J., Whyte, J.J., Brumbaugh, W.G., and Tillitt, D.E., 2005, Biochemical effects of lead, zinc, and cadmium from mining on fish in the Tri-States district of northeastern Oklahoma, USA: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 24, no. 6, p. 1483-1495, https://doi.org/10.1897/04-332R.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1483","endPage":"1495","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240704,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213112,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1897/04-332R.1"}],"volume":"24","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f142e4b0c8380cd4ab28","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmitt, Christopher J. 0000-0001-6804-2360 cjschmitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6804-2360","contributorId":491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitt","given":"Christopher","email":"cjschmitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":423814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whyte, Jeffrey J.","contributorId":100738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whyte","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brumbaugh, William G. 0000-0003-0081-375X bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0081-375X","contributorId":493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brumbaugh","given":"William","email":"bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":423816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tillitt, Donald E. 0000-0002-8278-3955 dtillitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8278-3955","contributorId":1875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"Donald","email":"dtillitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":423815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029530,"text":"70029530 - 2005 - Implications of ground water chemistry and flow patterns for earthquake studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-11T16:36:37","indexId":"70029530","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Implications of ground water chemistry and flow patterns for earthquake studies","docAbstract":"Ground water can facilitate earthquake development and respond physically and chemically to tectonism. Thus, an understanding of ground water circulation in seismically active regions is important for earthquake prediction. To investigate the roles of ground water in the development and prediction of earthquakes, geological and hydrogeological monitoring was conducted in a seismogenic area in the Yanhuai Basin, China. This study used isotopic and hydrogeochemical methods to characterize ground water samples from six hot springs and two cold springs. The hydrochemical data and associated geological and geophysical data were used to identify possible relations between ground water circulation and seismically active structural features. The data for ??18O, ??D, tritium, and 14C indicate ground water from hot springs is of meteoric origin with subsurface residence times of 50 to 30,320 years. The reservoir temperature and circulation depths of the hot ground water are 57??C to 160??C and 1600 to 5000 m, respectively, as estimated by quartz and chalcedony geothermometers and the geothermal gradient. Various possible origins of noble gases dissolved in the ground water also were evaluated, indicating mantle and deep crust sources consistent with tectonically active segments. A hard intercalated stratum, where small to moderate earthquakes frequently originate, is present between a deep (10 to 20 km), high-electrical conductivity layer and the zone of active ground water circulation. The ground water anomalies are closely related to the structural peculiarity of each monitoring point. These results could have implications for ground water and seismic studies in other seismogenic areas. Copyright ?? 2005 National Ground Water Association.","largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley & Sons","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2005.0037.x","usgsCitation":"Guangcai, W., Zuochen, Z., Min, W., Cravotta, C., and Chenglong, L., 2005, Implications of ground water chemistry and flow patterns for earthquake studies: Ground Water, v. 43, no. 4, p. 478-484, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2005.0037.x.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"478","endPage":"484","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237638,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"Yanhuai Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 114.1204833984375,\n 39.33854604847979\n ],\n [\n 117.4603271484375,\n 39.33854604847979\n ],\n [\n 117.4603271484375,\n 41.43449030894922\n ],\n [\n 114.1204833984375,\n 41.43449030894922\n ],\n [\n 114.1204833984375,\n 39.33854604847979\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-07-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3925e4b0c8380cd61800","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guangcai, W.","contributorId":98101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guangcai","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zuochen, Z.","contributorId":67713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zuochen","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Min, W.","contributorId":25517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Min","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cravotta, C.A. 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We collected observational data on 14 pairs of chum salmon using a dual-frequency identification sonar. Spawners of both genders were observed chasing intruders during nighttime and daytime as nests were constructed. Regardless of diel period, females were engaged in digging to both construct nests and cover eggs, and courting males exhibited the prespawning behavior of tail-crossing. We observed a total of 13 spawning events, of which 9 occurred at night and 4 occurred during the day. Once chum salmon begin nest construction, visual cues are apparently not required for courtship, nest defense, and spawning. To enhance successful spawning, flows from Bonneville Dam during the spawning season were reduced during the day but were sometimes increased at night to pass water and meet power demand (i.e., reverse loading), the assumption being that chum salmon are inactive at night. Our findings show that this assumption was violated. Therefore, reverse loading may disrupt the complex prespawning behavior that occurs both during the day and at night, as well as attract spawners to areas that were dewatered during the day.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/T04-150.1","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"Tiffan, K., Rondorf, D., and Skalicky, J., 2005, Diel spawning behavior of chum salmon in the Columbia River: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 134, no. 4, p. 892-900, https://doi.org/10.1577/T04-150.1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"892","endPage":"900","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237639,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210651,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T04-150.1"}],"volume":"134","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a00c3e4b0c8380cd4f8e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tiffan, K.F.","contributorId":19327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tiffan","given":"K.F.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":423121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rondorf, D.W.","contributorId":80789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rondorf","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":423123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Skalicky, J.J.","contributorId":59995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skalicky","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029352,"text":"70029352 - 2005 - Voluminous granitic magmas from common basaltic sources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-14T08:35:02","indexId":"70029352","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1336,"text":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Voluminous granitic magmas from common basaltic sources","docAbstract":"Granitic-rhyolitic liquids were produced experimentally from moderately hydrous (1.7-2.3 wt% H2O) medium-to-high K basaltic compositions at 700 MPa and f O2 controlled from Ni-NiO -1.3 to +4. Amount and composition of evolved liquids and coexisting mineral assemblages vary with fO2 and temperature, with melt being more evolved at higher fO2s, where coexisting mineral assemblages are more plagioclase- and Fe-Ti oxide-rich and amphibole-poor. At fO2 of Ni-NiO +1, typical for many silicic magmas, the samples produce 12-25 wt% granitic-rhyolitic liquid, amounts varying with bulk composition. Medium-to-high K basalts are common in subduction-related magmatic arcs, and near-solidus true granite or rhyolite liquids can form widely, and in geologically significant quantities, by advanced crystallization-differentiation or by low-degree partial remelting of mantle-derived basaltic sources. Previously differentiated or weathered materials may be involved in generating specific felsic magmas, but are not required for such magmas to be voluminous or to have the K-rich granitic compositions typical of the upper continental crust. Springer-Verlag 2005.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00410-004-0632-9","issn":"00107999","usgsCitation":"Sisson, T.W., Ratajeski, K., Hankins, W., and Glazner, A.F., 2005, Voluminous granitic magmas from common basaltic sources: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 148, no. 6, p. 635-661, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-004-0632-9.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"635","endPage":"661","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237738,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"148","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-12-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc36ae4b08c986b32b17d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sisson, T. W.","contributorId":108120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sisson","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ratajeski, K.","contributorId":58799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratajeski","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hankins, W.B.","contributorId":8626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hankins","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Glazner, A. F.","contributorId":91639,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Glazner","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70186650,"text":"70186650 - 2005 - Examples","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70186650,"text":"70186650 - 2005 - Examples","indexId":"70186650","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"chapter":"9","title":"Examples"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":96199,"text":"96199 - 2005 - Handbook of capture-recapture analysis","indexId":"96199","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"title":"Handbook of capture-recapture analysis"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":96199,"text":"96199 - 2005 - Handbook of capture-recapture analysis","indexId":"96199","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"title":"Handbook of capture-recapture analysis"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-29T18:16:48","indexId":"70186650","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"9","title":"Examples","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
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Benthos in streams of previously harvested areas resulted in increased richness, densities and biomass relative to old growth types, particularly in young growth stands with a red alder-dominated riparian canopy. Woody debris and gravel habitats supported a combination of higher densities and biomass of invertebrates than cobble habitats. In addition, woody debris also supported a richer and more diverse invertebrate fauna than either cobble or gravel substrates. Maintaining both a woody debris source and a red alder component in regenerating riparian forests following timber harvesting should support greater invertebrate densities and diversity following clearcutting. ?? 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All the pre-Quatal sedimentary rocks and most of the Pliocene Quatal Formation were deposited during a mid-Tertiary period of regional transtension in a crustal block that underwent little clockwise vertical-axis rotation as compared to crustal blocks to the south. Ensuing Pliocene and Quaternary transpression in the Big Bend region began during deposition of the poorly dated Quatal Formation and was marked by four converging thrust systems, which decreased the areal extent of the sedimentary basin and formed the present Lockwood Valley structural basin. None of the thrusts appears presently active. Estimated shortening across the center of the basin was about 30 percent. The fortnerly defined eastern Big Pine fault, now interpreted to be two separate, oppositely directed, contractional reverse or thrust faults, marks the northwestern structural boundary of Lockwood Valley. The complex geometry of the Lockwood Valley basin is similar to other Tertiary structural basins in southern California, such those that underlie Cuyama Valley, the Ridge basin, and the east Ventura basin.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Tectonics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2003TC001610","issn":"02787407","usgsCitation":"Kellogg, K., and Minor, S., 2005, Pliocene transpressional modification of depositional basins by convergent thrusting adjacent to the \"Big Bend\" of the San Andreas fault: An example from Lockwood Valley, southern California: Tectonics, v. 24, no. 1, p. 1-12, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003TC001610.","startPage":"1","endPage":"12","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487541,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2003tc001610","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":210756,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003TC001610"},{"id":237775,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-01-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7c81e4b0c8380cd79a0d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kellogg, K.S.","contributorId":99145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kellogg","given":"K.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Minor, S.A.","contributorId":65047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minor","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70187848,"text":"70187848 - 2005 - Surficial geologic tools in fluvial geomorphology: chapter 2","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-06T14:02:46","indexId":"70187848","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Surficial geologic tools in fluvial geomorphology: chapter 2","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Tools in fluvial geomorphology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/0470868333.ch2","usgsCitation":"Jacobson, R.B., O'Connor, J., and Oguchi, T., 2005, Surficial geologic tools in fluvial geomorphology: chapter 2, chap. of Tools in fluvial geomorphology, p. 25-57, https://doi.org/10.1002/0470868333.ch2.","productDescription":"33 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"57","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341540,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-09-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5923f8e2e4b0b7ff9fb23425","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Kondolf, G. Mathias","contributorId":146516,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kondolf","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"Mathias","affiliations":[{"id":13243,"text":"University of California Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695730,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piégay, Hervé","contributorId":147605,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Piégay","given":"Hervé","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695731,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Jacobson, Robert B. 0000-0002-8368-2064 rjacobson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-2064","contributorId":1289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"Robert","email":"rjacobson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O'Connor, James E. oconnor@usgs.gov","contributorId":138997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Connor","given":"James E.","email":"oconnor@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":695728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oguchi, Takashi","contributorId":173700,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oguchi","given":"Takashi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7267,"text":"University of Tokyo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}