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,{"id":70027678,"text":"70027678 - 2005 - Phylogeographic patterns of Hawaiian Megalagrion damselflies (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) correlate with Pleistocene island boundaries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:49","indexId":"70027678","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2774,"text":"Molecular Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phylogeographic patterns of Hawaiian Megalagrion damselflies (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) correlate with Pleistocene island boundaries","docAbstract":"The Pleistocene geological history of the Hawaiian Islands is becoming well understood. Numerous predictions about the influence of this history on the genetic diversity of Hawaiian organisms have been made, including the idea that changing sea levels would lead to the genetic differentiation of populations isolated on individual volcanoes during high sea stands. Here, we analyse DNA sequence data from two closely related, endemic Hawaiian damselfly species in order to test these predictions, and generate novel insights into the effects of Pleistocene glaciation and climate change on island organisms. Megalagrion xanthomelas and Megalagrion pacificum are currently restricted to five islands, including three islands of the Maui Nui super-island complex (Molokai, Lanai, and Maui) that were connected during periods of Pleistocene glaciation, and Hawaii island, which has never been subdivided. Maui Nui and Hawaii are effectively a controlled, natural experiment on the genetic effects of Pleistocene sea level change. We confirm well-defined morphological species boundaries using data from the nuclear EF-1?? gene and show that the species are reciprocally monophyletic. We perform phylogeographic analyses of 663 base pairs (bp) of cytochrome oxidase subunit II (COII) gene sequence data from 157 individuals representing 25 populations. Our results point to the importance of Pleistocene land bridges and historical island habitat availability in maintaining inter-island gene flow. We also propose that repeated bottlenecks on Maui Nui caused by sea level change and restricted habitat availability are likely responsible for low genetic diversity there. An island analogue to northern genetic purity and southern diversity is proposed, whereby islands with little suitable habitat exhibit genetic purity while islands with more exhibit genetic diversity. ?? 2005 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Molecular Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02669.x","issn":"09621083","usgsCitation":"Jordan, S., Simon, C., Foote, D., and Englund, R., 2005, Phylogeographic patterns of Hawaiian Megalagrion damselflies (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) correlate with Pleistocene island boundaries: Molecular Ecology, v. 14, no. 11, p. 3457-3470, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02669.x.","startPage":"3457","endPage":"3470","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210886,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02669.x"},{"id":237954,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7a58e4b0c8380cd78e81","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jordan, Stephen A.","contributorId":95672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jordan","given":"Stephen A.","affiliations":[{"id":6922,"text":"University of Rhode Island","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":414692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simon, C.","contributorId":24559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simon","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Foote, D.","contributorId":94823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foote","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Englund, R.A.","contributorId":37950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Englund","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70027574,"text":"70027574 - 2005 - Geochemical constraints on the distribution of gas hydrates in the Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-14T15:34:39.171215","indexId":"70027574","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1742,"text":"Geo-Marine Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemical constraints on the distribution of gas hydrates in the Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"<p>Gas hydrates are common within near-seafloor sediments immediately surrounding fluid and gas venting sites on the continental slope of the northern Gulf of Mexico. However, the distribution of gas hydrates within sediments away from the vents is poorly documented, yet critical for gas hydrate assessments. Porewater chloride and sulfate concentrations, hydrocarbon gas compositions, and geothermal gradients obtained during a porewater geochemical survey of the northern Gulf of Mexico suggest that the lack of bottom simulating reflectors in gas-rich areas of the gulf may be the consequence of elevated porewater salinity, geothermal gradients, and microbial gas compositions in sediments away from fault conduits.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00367-005-0001-3","usgsCitation":"Paull, C.K., Ussler, W., Lorenson, T., Winters, W., and Dougherty, J., 2005, Geochemical constraints on the distribution of gas hydrates in the Gulf of Mexico: Geo-Marine Letters, v. 25, no. 5, p. 273-280, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00367-005-0001-3.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"273","endPage":"280","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science 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,{"id":70027681,"text":"70027681 - 2005 - The evolution of Titan's mid-latitude clouds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:49","indexId":"70027681","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The evolution of Titan's mid-latitude clouds","docAbstract":"Spectra from Cassini's Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer reveal that the horizontal structure, height, and optical depth of Titan's clouds are highly, dynamic. Vigorous cloud centers are seen to rise from the middle to the upper troposphere within 30 minutes and dissipate within the next hour. Their development indicates that Titan's clouds evolve convectively; dissipate through rain; and, over the next several hours, waft downwind to achieve their great longitude extents. These and other characteristics suggest that temperate clouds originate from circulation-induced convergence, in addition to a forcing at the surface associated with Saturn's tides, geology, and/or surface composition.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1126/science.1117702","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Griffith, C., Penteado, P., Baines, K., Drossart, P., Barnes, J., Bellucci, G., Bibring, J., Brown, R., Buratti, B., Capaccioni, F., Cerroni, P., Clark, R., Combes, M., Coradini, A., Cruikshank, D., Formisano, V., Jaumann, R., Langevin, Y., Matson, D., McCord, T., Mennella, V., Nelson, R., Nicholson, P., Sicardy, B., Sotin, C., Soderblom, L., and Kursinski, R., 2005, The evolution of Titan's mid-latitude clouds: Science, v. 310, no. 5747, p. 474-477, 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P.","contributorId":24550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nicholson","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Sicardy, B.","contributorId":57622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sicardy","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Sotin, Christophe","contributorId":53924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sotin","given":"Christophe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Soderblom, L.A. 0000-0002-0917-853X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0917-853X","contributorId":6139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soderblom","given":"L.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Kursinski, R.","contributorId":102266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kursinski","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27}]}}
,{"id":70029295,"text":"70029295 - 2005 - Relationships between gap makers and gap fillers in an Arkansas floodplain forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-25T16:51:44.242584","indexId":"70029295","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2490,"text":"Journal of Vegetation Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relationships between gap makers and gap fillers in an Arkansas floodplain forest","docAbstract":"<h3 id=\"abs1-2-title\" class=\"article-section__sub-title section1\">Question:</h3><p>In floodplain forests, does frequent flooding allow for self-replacement of shade-intolerant tree species or do small canopy gap openings lead to replacement by shade-tolerant tree species?</p><h3 id=\"abs1-3-title\" class=\"article-section__sub-title section1\">Location:</h3><p>Cache River, Arkansas, US; 55 m a.s.l.</p><h3 id=\"abs1-4-title\" class=\"article-section__sub-title section1\">Methods:</h3><p>The species, diameter-at-breast height, and elevation of primary gap-maker trees were determined for new gaps from 1995–1998. The size and species of gap-filler trees were identified and placed into three classes: definitive, edge, or interior. Transition probabilities were determined.</p><h3 id=\"abs1-5-title\" class=\"article-section__sub-title section1\">Results:</h3><p>The dominant shade-intolerant species<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Quercus texana</i><span>&nbsp;</span>is being replaced primarily by the more shade-tolerant<span>&nbsp;</span><i>A. rubrum</i><span>&nbsp;</span>var.<span>&nbsp;</span><i>drummondii, Fraxinus</i><span>&nbsp;</span>spp. and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Ulmus americana.</i><span>&nbsp;</span>Only 20 of 2767 gap fillers were<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Q. texana.</i><span>&nbsp;</span>Replacement probabilities are not constant across elevations, however, as the least shade-tolerant of the three most common species of definitive gap fillers,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Fraxinus</i><span>&nbsp;</span>spp., occurred at lower elevations than<span>&nbsp;</span><i>A. rubrum</i><span>&nbsp;</span>var.<span>&nbsp;</span><i>drummondii</i>, and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>U. americana.</i></p><h3 id=\"abs1-6-title\" class=\"article-section__sub-title section1\">Conclusions:</h3><p>The contention that frequent flooding would allow for self-replacement of shade-intolerant species was only partially supported. The small canopy gaps undoubtedly influenced canopy replacement processes.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1654-1103.2005.tb02387.x","usgsCitation":"King, S.L., and Antrobus, T.J., 2005, Relationships between gap makers and gap fillers in an Arkansas floodplain forest: Journal of Vegetation Science, v. 16, no. 4, p. 471-478, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-1103.2005.tb02387.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"471","endPage":"478","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237406,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","otherGeospatial":"Cache River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.36093139648436,\n              35.02662273458687\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.22360229492188,\n              35.02662273458687\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.22360229492188,\n              35.191766965947394\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.36093139648436,\n              35.191766965947394\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.36093139648436,\n              35.02662273458687\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-02-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a79ee4b0e8fec6cdc512","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"King, Sammy L. 0000-0002-5364-6361 sking@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5364-6361","contributorId":557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Sammy","email":"sking@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":422128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Antrobus, T. J.","contributorId":63117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Antrobus","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70027386,"text":"70027386 - 2005 - Implications of invasion by Juniperus virginiana on small mammals in the southern Great Plains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:47","indexId":"70027386","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Implications of invasion by Juniperus virginiana on small mammals in the southern Great Plains","docAbstract":"Changes in landscape cover in the Great Plains are resulting from the range expansion and invasion of eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana). By altering the landscape and local vegetation, red cedar is changing the structure and function of habitat for small mammals. We examined effects of invasion by eastern red cedar on small mammals in 3 plant communities (tallgrass prairie, old field, and cross-timbers forest) in the cross-timbers ecoregion in Oklahoma. We sampled small mammals seasonally from May 2001 to August 2002 by using Sherman live traps and mark-recapture techniques on 3.24-ha, 450-trap grids in each plant community. We sampled vegetation in two hundred twenty-five 12 x 12-m cells within each grid. The structure of the small-mammal community differed among the 3 habitat types, with higher species diversity and richness in the tallgrass-prairie and old-field sites. Overall, the small-mammal community shifted along a gradient of increasing eastern red cedar. In the old-field and tallgrass-prairie plots, occurrence of grassland mammals decreased with increasing red cedar, whereas only 1 woodland mammal species increased. In the cross-timbers forest site, percent woody cover (<1 m in height), rather than cover of red cedar, was the most important factor affecting woodland mammal species. Examination of our data suggests that an increase in overstory cover from 0% to 30% red cedar can change a species-rich prairie community to a depauperate community dominated by 1 species, Peromyscus leucopus. Losses in species diversity and changes in mammal distribution paralleled those seen in avian communities invaded by eastern red cedar. Our results highlight ecological effects of invasion by eastern red cedar on diversity and function at multiple trophic levels. ?? 2005 American Society of Mammalogists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Mammalogy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1644/05-MAMM-A-015R1.1","issn":"00222372","usgsCitation":"Horncastle, V., Hellgren, E.C., Mayer, P., Ganguli, A., Engle, D.M., and Leslie, D., 2005, Implications of invasion by Juniperus virginiana on small mammals in the southern Great Plains: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 86, no. 6, p. 1144-1155, https://doi.org/10.1644/05-MAMM-A-015R1.1.","startPage":"1144","endPage":"1155","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210926,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1644/05-MAMM-A-015R1.1"},{"id":238008,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"86","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3926e4b0c8380cd61805","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Horncastle, V.J.","contributorId":24536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horncastle","given":"V.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hellgren, E. C.","contributorId":40327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hellgren","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mayer, P.M.","contributorId":42001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayer","given":"P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ganguli, A.C.","contributorId":20145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganguli","given":"A.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Engle, David M.","contributorId":97225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engle","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Leslie, David M. Jr.","contributorId":52514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leslie","given":"David M.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70171402,"text":"70171402 - 2005 - Changes in the water surface profile of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, Arizona, between 1923 and 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-02T15:07:44.577305","indexId":"70171402","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changes in the water surface profile of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, Arizona, between 1923 and 2000","docAbstract":"<p><span>In 1923, a U.S. Geological Survey expedition surveyed the water surface profile of the Colorado River through Grand Canyon with theodolite and stadia rod. In 2000, lidar overflights collected topographic data centered on the river corridor, allowing construction of a new water surface profile and detection of change in the profile since 1923. By registering the surveys with respect to each other on the basis of 11 locations that were independently determined to have been unchanged between 1923 and 2000, 80 rapids were directly compared for change between 1923 and 2000. The average change for all measured rapids was +0.26 m, indicating net aggradation of the coarse‐grained alluvium forming the rapids throughout Grand Canyon. In addition, comparison of the two water surface profiles showed enhanced pool‐and‐rapid morphology. While 50% of the total drop of the river occurred in just 9% of the river distance in 1923, that value increased to 66% by 2000.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2003WR002519","usgsCitation":"Magirl, C.S., Webb, R.H., and Griffiths, P.G., 2005, Changes in the water surface profile of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, Arizona, between 1923 and 2000: Water Resources Research, v. 41, no. 5, W05021, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2003WR002519.","productDescription":"W05021, 10 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":49157,"text":"Rocky Mountain Regional Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477778,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2003wr002519","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":321889,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River, Grand Canyon","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -113.93920898437499,\n              35.782170703266075\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.083251953125,\n              35.782170703266075\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.083251953125,\n              36.932330061503144\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.93920898437499,\n              36.932330061503144\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.93920898437499,\n              35.782170703266075\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-05-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574eb5b8e4b0ee97d51a839d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Magirl, Christopher S. 0000-0002-9922-6549 magirl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9922-6549","contributorId":1822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magirl","given":"Christopher","email":"magirl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Webb, Robert H. rhwebb@usgs.gov","contributorId":141216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Robert","email":"rhwebb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Griffiths, Peter G. 0000-0002-8663-8907 pggriffi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8663-8907","contributorId":187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffiths","given":"Peter","email":"pggriffi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":630898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70184381,"text":"70184381 - 2005 - Biodegradation of N-nitrosodimethylamine in soil from a water reclamation facility","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-08T11:46:10","indexId":"70184381","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1042,"text":"Bioremediation Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biodegradation of N-nitrosodimethylamine in soil from a water reclamation facility","docAbstract":"<p><span>The potential introduction of </span><i>N</i><span>-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) into groundwater during water reclamation activities poses a significant risk to groundwater drinking supplies. Greater than 54% biodegradation of </span><i>N</i><span>-[methyl-</span><sup>14</sup><span>C]NDMA to </span><sup>14</sup><span>CO</span><sub>2</sub><span> or to </span><sup>14</sup><span>CO</span><sub>2</sub><span> and </span><sup>14</sup><span>CH</span><sub>4</sub><span> was observed in soil from a water reclamation facility under oxic or anoxic conditions, respectively. Likewise, biodegradation was significant in microcosms containing soil with no history of NDMA contamination. These results indicate that aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation of NDMA may be an effective component of NDMA attenuation in water reclamation facility soils.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10889860500276607","usgsCitation":"Bradley, P.M., Carr, S.A., Baird, R.B., and Chapelle, F.H., 2005, Biodegradation of N-nitrosodimethylamine in soil from a water reclamation facility: Bioremediation Journal, v. 9, no. 2, p. 115-120, https://doi.org/10.1080/10889860500276607.","productDescription":"6 p. ","startPage":"115","endPage":"120","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337054,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c12641e4b014cc3a3d34e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, Paul M. 0000-0001-7522-8606 pbradley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Paul","email":"pbradley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carr, Steve A.","contributorId":187667,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carr","given":"Steve","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baird, Rodger B.","contributorId":187668,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baird","given":"Rodger","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chapelle, Francis H. chapelle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"Francis","email":"chapelle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70180880,"text":"70180880 - 2005 - Vegetation changes over 12 years in ungrazed and grazed Conservation Reserve Program Grasslands in the central and southern plains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-06T14:15:23","indexId":"70180880","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Vegetation changes over 12 years in ungrazed and grazed Conservation Reserve Program Grasslands in the central and southern plains","docAbstract":"<p>The Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) established under the 1985 Food Security Act has the fundamental objectives of jointly providing economic support to segments of the agricultural community and conservation of natural resources (Osborn, 1997; Heard and others, 2000). Although soil loss on highly erodable lands was the principal natural resource conservation issue addressed in the 1985 CRP, improving water quality and wildlife habitat both became important considerations as the program evolved (Farmer and others, 1988). For example, Best and others (1997) found that production of young birds on CRP fields in the Midwest was ≥15 times the production on row-crop fields because of improved habitat. The increasing importance of wildlife habitat is reflected in continuing refinement of the Environmental Benefits Index (EBI) used by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) to quantify the potential benefits of enrolling lands in CRP (Osborn, 1997; Ribaudo and others, 2001). The refinements reflect input furnished by federal, state, and non-government organizations seeking greater wildlife habitat quality on CRP lands (Roseberry and David, 1994; Hughes and others, 1995; Millenbah and others, 1996; Patterson and Best, 1996; Rodgers, 1999; Allen and others, 2001).</p><p>Refinement in the EBI has changed the types of grasses planted on newly enrolled land. In early CRP signups (1 through 11), 71% of new grassland acres were planted to introduced grasses and legumes [Conservation Practice (CP) 1] while 29% of the acres were planted to native grasses (CP2) (Osborn and others, 1992). By the 27th signup in July 2004, over 34.8 million acres (14 million ha) were enrolled in the CRP. More than 73% of these lands were planted to various mixtures of introduced (CP1) or native (CP2) grasses for a minimal contract period of 10 years (USDA, 2004). Continuation of grass plantings under the 2002 Farm Bill may result in CRP lands furnishing grass dominated cover for 20 or more consecutive years. </p><p>The species of grass established in seeded grasslands can have a major influence on the potential quality of wildlife habitat where vegetation is maintained over a multi-year period. Different species of grass may have comparable abilities to alleviate soil erosion but furnish dissimilar qualities of wildlife habitat (fig. 1). For example, smooth brome, an introduced cool-season grass (grass species and scientific names are presented in table 1), is highly valued for its erosion control and forage attributes (Casler and Carlson, 1995). Switchgrass, a native warm-season grass, also is valued for its soil and water conservation qualities (Moser and Vogel, 1995) but provides greater benefits for some species of wildlife (Clubine, 1995). The quality of nesting and winter cover for ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) furnished by smooth brome on northeastern Colorado CRP lands is inferior to that provided by the taller, more robust switchgrass (Allen, 1994). Characteristics of the agricultural landscape surrounding individual CRP fields also play a role in the wildlife habitat potential of CRP plantings (Weber and others, 2002; Nusser and others, 2004).</p><p> of native and seeded grasslands change in response to the presence (and absence) of physical disturbances such as fire, grazing, tillage, and haying (Hobbs and Huenneke, 1992; Millenbah and others, 1996; Allen and others, 2001; Renfrew and Ribic, 2001; Swengel and Swengel, 2001). The perpetuation of diversity in species composition and vegetation structure following disturbance sustains desirable habitat for a variety of grassland-dependent wildlife (Hall and Willig, 1994; Barnes and others, 1995; King and Savidge, 1995; Granfors and others, 1996; Herkert and others, 1996; Kurzejeski, 1996; Patterson and Best, 1996; Klute and others, 1997). Undisturbed grasslands have lower grass and forb species diversity, greater amounts of dead plant material, decreased as well as seasonally delayed productivity, and diminished structural diversity of vegetation (Peet and others, 1975; Rice and Parenti, 1978; Butler and Briske, 1988; Campa and Winterstein, 1992). Recommendations for the timing of disturbance to increase grass and forb species diversity range from 3 to 8 years following establishment of seeded grasslands in the northern Great Plains and Midwest (Duebbert and others, 1981; Higgens, 1987; Millenbah and others, 1996). The management interval, however, is affected by climatic conditions, soils, grass species, and management history of the individual stand. </p><p>We quantified changes in vegetation structure and species composition across the typical 10-year contract period in undisturbed southern and central Great Plains CRP fields (fig. 2) planted to introduced and native grasses. In addition, we compared changes in vegetation in fields grazed during the emergency release of 1996 by comparing conditions prior&nbsp;to grazing and two and four years post grazing relative to changes in similar fields that were not grazed. Documentation of long-term changes in vegetation structure and composition for fields planted to common grass seed mixtures across a wide range of environmental conditions provides information to improve long-term wildlife habitat potential, guide program administration, and define management practices that yield economic benefits to operators while still meeting wildlife and conservation objectives. Emergency grazing provisions of the CRP are controversial. Although grazing can alter vegetative characteristics and reduce habitat quality in the short-term (Temple and others, 1999), periodic disturbance may be necessary to maintain habitat quality, and more information is needed assessing long-term effects of emergency grazing on vegetative structure and species composition.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Conservation Reserve Program: Planting for the future. Proceedings of a National Conference, Fort Collins, Colorado, June 6-9, 2004 (Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5145)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Cade, B.S., Vandever, M.W., Allen, A.W., and Terrell, J.W., 2005, Vegetation changes over 12 years in ungrazed and grazed Conservation Reserve Program Grasslands in the central and southern plains, <i>in</i> The Conservation Reserve Program: Planting for the future. Proceedings of a National Conference, Fort Collins, Colorado, June 6-9, 2004 (Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5145), p. 106-119.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"106","endPage":"119","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334833,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":334832,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5145/report.pdf#page=121"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58999945e4b0efcedb71a0b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cade, Brian S. 0000-0001-9623-9849 cadeb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9623-9849","contributorId":1278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cade","given":"Brian","email":"cadeb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vandever, Mark W. vandeverm@usgs.gov","contributorId":3004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vandever","given":"Mark","email":"vandeverm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":662679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allen, Arthur W.","contributorId":40648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Terrell, James W. 0000-0001-5394-5663","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5394-5663","contributorId":92726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terrell","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":73403,"text":"ofr20051399 - 2005 - Visitor survey results for the Souris River Loop National Wildlife Refuges: Completion report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-04T15:52:54","indexId":"ofr20051399","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1399","title":"Visitor survey results for the Souris River Loop National Wildlife Refuges: Completion report","docAbstract":"<p>In support of the CCP planning effort for the Souris River Loop Refuges, the Policy Analysis and Science Assistance Branch/Fort Collins Science Center (PASA) of the U.S. Geological Survey conducted visitor surveys at three refuges in North Dakota: Des Lacs, J. Clark Salyer, and Upper Souris National Wildlife Refuges. This research was conducted in order to assess visitor experience, perceptions, and preferences and visitor spending related to recreation on these public lands. This baseline information and input is needed by the refuges to inform their CCP process. Specifically, this survey research assesses the characteristics of visitors and their trips, the activities in which visitors engage while on the refuge, details regarding their trip experience, as well as their preferences and attitudes about various management features, including existing and future conditions.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051399","usgsCitation":"Sexton, N.R., Koontz, L., and Stewart, S., 2005, Visitor survey results for the Souris River Loop National Wildlife Refuges: Completion report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1399, 170 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051399.","productDescription":"170 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192554,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20051399.PNG"},{"id":320275,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1399/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Souris River Loop National Wildlife Refuges","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fdb8e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sexton, Natalie R.","contributorId":82750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sexton","given":"Natalie","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koontz, Lynne koontzl@usgs.gov","contributorId":2174,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koontz","given":"Lynne","email":"koontzl@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":7016,"text":"Environmental Quality Division, National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":286399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stewart, Susan C.","contributorId":48257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"Susan C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":72271,"text":"ofr20051316 - 2005 - Annual report for 2004 wild horse research and field activities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-09T11:20:20","indexId":"ofr20051316","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1316","title":"Annual report for 2004 wild horse research and field activities","docAbstract":"<p>The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and U.S. Geological Survey-Biological Resources Discipline (USGS/BRD) continued wild horse research in 2004, investigating the strategic research elements of fertility control and population estimation. Fertility control research was focused on the individual-based porcine zonae pellucid (PZP) field trials at the Pryor Mountain Wild Horse Range (WHR), Little Rock Cliffs WHR, and McCullough Peaks Wild Horse Management Area (WHMA). Aerial population estimation research was conducted on a number of western wild horse herds to test different survey techniques as applied to various habitat types and population sizes.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051316","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Ransom, J., Singer, F., Zeigenfuss, L., and Coates-Markle, L., 2005, Annual report for 2004 wild horse research and field activities (Revised and reprinted 2005): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1316, v, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051316.","productDescription":"v, 19 p.","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2004-01-01","temporalEnd":"2004-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193146,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20051316.PNG"},{"id":320236,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1316/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"edition":"Revised and reprinted 2005","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67b8f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ransom, Jason","contributorId":15703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ransom","given":"Jason","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Singer, Francis J.","contributorId":65528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singer","given":"Francis J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zeigenfuss, Linda","contributorId":27155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zeigenfuss","given":"Linda","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Coates-Markle, Linda","contributorId":169203,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coates-Markle","given":"Linda","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7217,"text":"Bureau of Land Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":628929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":72260,"text":"ofr20051221 - 2005 - Grass buffers for playas in agricultural landscapes: An annotated bibliography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-09T11:35:20","indexId":"ofr20051221","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1221","title":"Grass buffers for playas in agricultural landscapes: An annotated bibliography","docAbstract":"<p>This bibliography and associated literature synthesis (Melcher and Skagen, 2005) was developed for the Playa Lakes Joint Venture (PLJV). The PLJV sought compilation and annotation of the literature on grass buffers for protecting playas from runoff containing sediments, nutrients, pesticides, and other contaminants. In addition, PLJV sought information regarding the extent to which buffers may attenuate the precipitation runoff needed to fill playas, and avian use of buffers. We emphasize grass buffers, but we also provide information on other buffer types.</p>\n<p>There are a number of relatively synonymous terms that describe grass buffers for wetlands. They include: buffer strip, vegetated filter strip (VFS), grass buffer, grass filter, grass hedge, and grassed waterway (GW), among others (see McKague and others, 1996). Although some of these terms represent slightly different designs, placements, and/or purposes, they all perform similar functions. In this document, we use &lsquo;buffer&rsquo; and VFS more or less interchangeably; other types are specified by name (e.g., grass hedges).</p>\n<p>Our bibliography is by no means exhaustive, as the body of literature potentially relevant to playas and wetland buffers is vast. Thus, we attempted to include and annotate at least 1&ndash;3 papers by numerous researchers heavily involved in buffer research and modeling. We also included single papers by other researchers to increase the spectrum of regional focus, watershed/wetland conditions, research approaches, researcher expertise, and the time over which buffer theories/practices have evolved. We found virtually no literature specific to buffers for playas (confirmed by D.A. Haukos, oral. commun., 2005); thus, we conducted interviews with playa scientists to glean information on possible buffer design and management specifically for playas. We did, however, find a significant body of literature on the results of controlled experiments designed to test buffer effectiveness, an important first step towards validating buffer effectiveness in real-world situations.</p>\n<p>Of the literature on playa ecology, flora, and wildlife, we found that most focuses on playa basins and wetlands rather than the surrounding uplands and grasslands; furthermore, most of the empirical work on playa ecology has taken place in the Southern High Plains (SHP; i.e., Texas and Oklahoma panhandles, southeastern Colorado, and southwestern Kansas) because many wetlands in other portions of the PLJV region (Fig. 1) were only recently recognized as playas. Finally, we found few papers on avian use of buffers; therefore, we focused on those that report on avian use of Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) fields or lands enrolled in similar programs.</p>\n<p>References on best management practices (BMPs) for agricultural lands were included because certain BMPs are crucial for informing decisions about buffer design/ effectiveness and overall playa ecology. We also included various papers that increase the spectrum of time over which buffer theories and practices have evolved. An unannotated section lists references that we did not prioritize for annotation and references that may be helpful but were beyond the scope of this document. Finally, we provide notes on conversations we had with scientists, land managers, and other buffer experts whom we consulted, and their contact information. We conclude the bibliography with appendices of common and scientific names of birds and plants and acronyms used in both the bibliography. In the annotations, italicized text signifies our own editorial remarks. Readers should also note that much of the work on buffers has been designed using English units of measure rather than metrics; in most cases, their results have been converted to metrics for publication, explaining the seemingly odd or irregular buffer widths and other parameters reported.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051221","usgsCitation":"Melcher, C.P., and Skagen, S.K., 2005, Grass buffers for playas in agricultural landscapes: An annotated bibliography (Revised and reprinted 2005): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1221, iv, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051221.","productDescription":"iv, 46 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192532,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20051221.PNG"},{"id":321048,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20051220","text":"Grass buffers for playas in agricultural landscapes: A literature synthesis"},{"id":320248,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1221/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"edition":"Revised and reprinted 2005","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b12e4b07f02db6a2afb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Melcher, Cynthia P. 0000-0002-8044-9689 melcherc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8044-9689","contributorId":5094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melcher","given":"Cynthia","email":"melcherc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":285286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Skagen, Susan K. 0000-0002-6744-1244 skagens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6744-1244","contributorId":2009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skagen","given":"Susan","email":"skagens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":285285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70027338,"text":"70027338 - 2005 - Development of evaluation tools for GIS: How does GIS affect student learning?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-23T20:58:53.416145","indexId":"70027338","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2087,"text":"International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of evaluation tools for GIS: How does GIS affect student learning?","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10382040508668354","usgsCitation":"Linn, S., Kerski, J., and Wither, S., 2005, Development of evaluation tools for GIS: How does GIS affect student learning?: International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education, v. 14, no. 3, p. 217-222, https://doi.org/10.1080/10382040508668354.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"217","endPage":"222","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235568,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0054e4b0c8380cd4f6db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Linn, S.","contributorId":15806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linn","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kerski, J.","contributorId":76526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kerski","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wither, S.","contributorId":76919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wither","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":79294,"text":"fs20053005 - 2005 - Biological research on fire in the West","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-30T15:39:50","indexId":"fs20053005","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-3005","title":"Biological research on fire in the West","docAbstract":"Wildland fires are a natural feature of many ecosystems, including grasslands, forests, and shrublands. How-ever, years of fire exclusion have led to accumulations of dead fuels and increases in the density of fire-intolerant species. In most western states, recent fires burning in these altered ecosystems have caused significant damage and huge economic losses to homes, busi-nesses, and communities. They also have dis-turbed forests and rangelands as well as their associated watersheds, plants, and animals. Every western state is concerned about dam-age from such catastrophic fires, and there is strong interest from all sectors in prevent-ing and reducing the resulting damage in the future. There is also interest in the use of fire as a management tool for reducing hazards and restoring damaged ecosystems and for returning fire to its natural role in wilderness ecosystems.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20053005","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Biological research on fire in the West: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2005-3005, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20053005.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"2","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121053,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2005/3005/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":8789,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2005/3005/fs20053005.pdf","text":"Report","size":"460 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2005-3005"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a30e4b07f02db616b0d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":534823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":73783,"text":"fs20053102 - 2005 - Roads and traffic: Effects on ecology and wildlife habitat use; applications for cooperative adaptive management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-26T14:45:16","indexId":"fs20053102","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-3102","title":"Roads and traffic: Effects on ecology and wildlife habitat use; applications for cooperative adaptive management","docAbstract":"<p>The land of the United States in dissected by more than 4 million miles of roads that fragment wildlife habitat on both public and private lands. Traffic on these roads causes additional effects. On secondary roads, which provide access to the most natural habitat, the levels, timing, and types of traffic are seldom known. In order to understand the effects of traffic on wildlife, USGS is conducting research cooperatively with the Bureau of Land Management, the U.S. Forest Service, the National Park Service, and the Colorado Division of Wildlife.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20053102","usgsCitation":"Ouren, D.S., and Watts, R.D., 2005, Roads and traffic: Effects on ecology and wildlife habitat use; applications for cooperative adaptive management: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2005-3102, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20053102.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126702,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2005_3102.jpg"},{"id":320260,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2005/3102/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Gunnison Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -108.0010986328125,\n              38.35458032659834\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.0010986328125,\n              38.94232097947902\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.86126708984375,\n              38.94232097947902\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.86126708984375,\n              38.35458032659834\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.0010986328125,\n              38.35458032659834\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0fe4b07f02db5feaca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ouren, Douglas S. ourend@usgs.gov","contributorId":1931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ouren","given":"Douglas","email":"ourend@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":286474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Watts, Raymond D.","contributorId":105713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watts","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":72259,"text":"ofr20051224 - 2005 - Analyzing stakeholder preferences for managing elk and bison at the National Elk Refuge and Grand Teton National Park: An example of the disparate stakeholder management approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-25T15:39:55","indexId":"ofr20051224","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1224","title":"Analyzing stakeholder preferences for managing elk and bison at the National Elk Refuge and Grand Teton National Park: An example of the disparate stakeholder management approach","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and the National Park Service (NPS) are preparing a management plan for bison and elk inhabiting the National Elk Refuge (NER) and Grand Teton National Park (GTNP) near Jackson Hole, Wyoming. A management plan is needed to evaluate current and possible changes to habitat management, disease management, winter feeding and hunting programs related to the NER and GTNP. In order to make good decisions, managers need to incorporate the opinions and values of the involved stakeholders as well as understand the complex institutional constraints and opportunities that influence the decision making process. Federal, state, local, private and public stakeholders have diverse values and preferences about how to use and manage resources, and underlying institutional factors give certain stakeholders more influence over the outcome. How stakeholders use their influence can greatly affect the time, effort and costs of the decision making process. The overall result will depend both on the stakeholder&rsquo;s relative power and level of conviction for their preferences.</p>\n<p>Many programs and tools have been developed by different disciplines to facilitate group negotiation and decision making. Three examples are relevant here. First, decision analysis models such as the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) are commonly used to prioritize the goals and objectives of stakeholders&rsquo; preferences for resource planning by formally structuring conflicts and assisting decision makers in developing a compromised solution (Forman, 1998). Second, institutional models such as the Legal Institutional Analysis Model (LIAM) have been used to describe the organizational rules of behavior and the institutional boundaries constraining management decisions (Lamb and others, 1998). Finally, public choice models have been used to predict the potential success of rent-seeking activity (spending additional time and money to exert political pressure) to change the political rules (Becker, 1983). While these tools have been successful at addressing various pieces of the natural resource decision making process, their use in isolation is not enough to fully depict the complexities of the physical and biological systems with the rules and constraints of the underlying economic and political systems. An approach is needed that combines natural sciences, economics, and politics.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051224","usgsCitation":"Koontz, L., and Hoag, D.L., 2005, Analyzing stakeholder preferences for managing elk and bison at the National Elk Refuge and Grand Teton National Park: An example of the disparate stakeholder management approach: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1224, v, 50 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051224.","productDescription":"v, 50 p.","numberOfPages":"55","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192531,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20051224.PNG"},{"id":320237,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1224/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Grand Teton National Park, National Elk Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.0223388671875,\n              43.48780125691884\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.0223388671875,\n              44.081666311450526\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.47714233398436,\n              44.081666311450526\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.47714233398436,\n              43.48780125691884\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.0223388671875,\n              43.48780125691884\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c38b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koontz, Lynne koontzl@usgs.gov","contributorId":2174,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koontz","given":"Lynne","email":"koontzl@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":7016,"text":"Environmental Quality Division, National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":285283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoag, Dana L.","contributorId":40294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoag","given":"Dana","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70029345,"text":"70029345 - 2005 - Cambro-ordovician sea-level fluctuations and sequence boundaries: The missing record and the evolution of new taxa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:50","indexId":"70029345","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3460,"text":"Special Papers in Palaeontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cambro-ordovician sea-level fluctuations and sequence boundaries: The missing record and the evolution of new taxa","docAbstract":"The evolution of early Palaeozoic conodont faunas shows a clear connection to sea-level changes. One way that this connection manifests itself is that thick successions of carbonates are missing beneath major sequence boundaries due to karstification and erosion. From this observation arises the question of how many taxa have been lost from different conodont lineages in these incomplete successions. Although many taxa suffered extinction due to the environmental stresses associated with falling sea-levels, some must have survived in these extreme conditions. The number of taxa missing in the early Palaeozoic tropics always will be unclear, but it will be even more difficult to evaluate the missing record in detrital successions of higher latitudes. A common pattern in the evolution of Cambrian-Ordovician conodont lineages is appearances of new species at sea-level rises and disappearances at sea-level drops. This simple picture can be complicated by intervals that consistently have no representatives of a particular lineage, even after extensive sampling of the most complete sections. Presumably the lineages survived in undocumented refugia. In this paper, we give examples of evolution in Cambrian-Ordovician shallowmarine conodont faunas and highlight problems of undiscovered or truly missing segments of lineages. ?? The Palaeontological Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Papers in Palaeontology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00386804","usgsCitation":"Lehnert, O., Miller, J., Leslie, S.A., Repetski, J., and Ethington, R.L., 2005, Cambro-ordovician sea-level fluctuations and sequence boundaries: The missing record and the evolution of new taxa: Special Papers in Palaeontology, no. 73, p. 117-134.","startPage":"117","endPage":"134","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237595,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"73","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f32de4b0c8380cd4b642","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lehnert, O.","contributorId":39143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lehnert","given":"O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, J.F.","contributorId":29830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leslie, Stephen A.","contributorId":25750,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leslie","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Repetski, J.E.","contributorId":38579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Repetski","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ethington, Raymond L.","contributorId":93507,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ethington","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":422353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":1015094,"text":"1015094 - 2005 - A test of geographic assignment using isotope tracers in feathers of known origin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-30T18:21:45","indexId":"1015094","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A test of geographic assignment using isotope tracers in feathers of known origin","docAbstract":"<p>We used feathers of known origin collected from across the breeding range of a migratory shorebird to test the use of isotope tracers for assigning breeding origins. We analyzed δD, δ<sup>13</sup>C, and δ<sup>15</sup>N in feathers from 75 mountain plover (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Charadrius montanus</i>) chicks sampled in 2001 and from 119 chicks sampled in 2002. We estimated parameters for continuous-response inverse regression models and for discrete-response Bayesian probability models from data for each year independently. We evaluated model predictions with both the training data and by using the alternate year as an independent test dataset. Our results provide weak support for modeling latitude and isotope values as monotonic functions of one another, especially when data are pooled over known sources of variation such as sample year or location. We were unable to make even qualitative statements, such as north versus south, about the likely origin of birds using both δD and δ<sup>13</sup>C in inverse regression models; results were no better than random assignment. Probability models provided better results and a more natural framework for the problem. Correct assignment rates were highest when considering all three isotopes in the probability framework, but the use of even a single isotope was better than random assignment. The method appears relatively robust to temporal effects and is most sensitive to the isotope discrimination gradients over which samples are taken. We offer that the problem of using isotope tracers to infer geographic origin is best framed as one of assignment, rather than prediction.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00442-005-0071-y","usgsCitation":"Wunder, M., Kester, C., Knopf, F., and Rye, R.O., 2005, A test of geographic assignment using isotope tracers in feathers of known origin: Oecologia, v. 144, no. 4, p. 607-617, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-005-0071-y.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"607","endPage":"617","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131435,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"144","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-04-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a5afa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wunder, Michael B.","contributorId":65406,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wunder","given":"Michael B.","affiliations":[{"id":6674,"text":"Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":322131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kester, C.L.","contributorId":44874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kester","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knopf, F.L.","contributorId":26998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knopf","given":"F.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rye, R. O.","contributorId":66208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rye","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1015091,"text":"1015091 - 2005 - Patterns of plant species richness, rarity, endemism, and uniqueness in an arid landscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-01T15:54:24","indexId":"1015091","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Patterns of plant species richness, rarity, endemism, and uniqueness in an arid landscape","docAbstract":"<p>Most current conservation literature focuses on the preservation of hotspots of species diversity and endemism, as if the two were geographically synonymous. At landscape scales this may not be the case. We collected data from 367 1000-m<sup>2</sup> plots in the Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monument, Utah, USA, to show that: (1) the vast majority of plant species are locally rare; (2) species-rich areas are generally in rare, mesic, or high-elevation habitats such as aspen stands or riparian zones high in soil N and P; (3) endemic species (to the Colorado Plateau and the Monument) were generally found in relatively species-rich, but low-elevation, xeric vegetation type areas low in soil P; (4) unique species assemblages were found in areas moderately high in endemism and species richness; and (5) nonnative plant species were widely distributed, but more prevalent in species-rich, mesic sites high in soil fertility or disturbed sites, and significantly less prevalent in plots with endemic species. We show that primary hotspots of species richness, high endemism, and unique species assemblages are not co-located on the landscape. Hence, conservation strategies may have to consider a much broader concept of “hotspots” to adequately preserve native plant species and the processes that foster persistence.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1890/03-5352","usgsCitation":"Stohlgren, T., Guenther, D., Evangelista, P., and Alley, N., 2005, Patterns of plant species richness, rarity, endemism, and uniqueness in an arid landscape: Ecological Applications, v. 15, no. 2, p. 715-725, https://doi.org/10.1890/03-5352.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"715","endPage":"725","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130190,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688b07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stohlgren, T.J.","contributorId":7217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stohlgren","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guenther, D.A.","contributorId":41379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guenther","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Evangelista, P.H.","contributorId":31708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evangelista","given":"P.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Alley, N.","contributorId":86723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alley","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1015089,"text":"1015089 - 2005 - Life-history habitat matching in invading non-native plant species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-30T18:27:26","indexId":"1015089","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3089,"text":"Plant and Soil","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Life-history habitat matching in invading non-native plant species","docAbstract":"<p>We briefly reviewed the literature on habitat matching in invading non-native plant species. Then we hypothesized that the richness and cover of native annual and perennial plant species integrate complex local information of vegetation and soils that would help to predict invasion success by similarly adapted non-native plant species. We tested these ‘life-history habitat matching’ relationships in 603 0.1-ha plots, including 294 plots in Colorado, which were relatively high for the cover of native perennial plant species, and for 309 0.1-ha plots in southern Utah, which were relatively high in the cover of native annual plant species. We found strong positive relationships between the richness and foliar cover for both native and non-native species, whether they were annual or perennial species (0.34&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i><sup>2</sup>&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.53; <i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">P</i>&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.0001). We also found significant positive relationships between the cover of native annual species at a site and the richness (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i><sup>2</sup>&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.13; <i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">P</i>&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.0001) and the foliar cover (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i><sup>2</sup>&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.06; <i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">P</i>&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.0001) of non-native annual species. The proportion of non-native annual species in the flora of a plot also increased significantly with the foliar cover of native annual species. Conversely, the richness and cover of non-native annual species were significantly negatively associated with the foliar cover of native perennial species (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i><sup>2</sup>&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.05 and 0.06, respectively; <i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">P</i>&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.0001). The cover of non-native annual or perennial species was not significantly correlated with soil texture variables, %N, or %C. We conclude that there may be a high degree of life-history habitat matching by non-native annual species in these study sites. Information on native annual and perennial species richness and cover may help characterize the complex soils, climate, and disturbance environment in which similarly adapted non-native plant species establish and gain foliar cover.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11104-005-4893-5","usgsCitation":"Stohlgren, T., Crosier, C., Chong, G., Guenther, D., and Evangelista, P., 2005, Life-history habitat matching in invading non-native plant species: Plant and Soil, v. 277, no. 1-2, p. 7-18, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-005-4893-5.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"7","endPage":"18","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130093,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"277","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a53b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stohlgren, T.J.","contributorId":7217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stohlgren","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crosier, C.","contributorId":52113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crosier","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chong, G.W.","contributorId":54153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chong","given":"G.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guenther, D.","contributorId":21902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guenther","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Evangelista, P.","contributorId":21903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evangelista","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":1015088,"text":"1015088 - 2005 - Software Review: A program for testing capture-recapture data for closure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-20T12:38:52","indexId":"1015088","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Software Review: A program for testing capture-recapture data for closure","docAbstract":"<p><span>Capture-recapture methods are widely used to estimate population parameters of free-ranging animals. Closed-population capture-recapture models, which assume there are no additions to or losses from the population over the period of study (i.e., the closure assumption), are preferred for population estimation over the open-population models, which do not assume closure, because heterogeneity in detection probabilities can be accounted for and this improves estimates. In this paper we introduce CloseTest, a new Microsoft® Windows-based program that computes the Otis et al. (1978) and Stanley and Burnham (1999) closure tests for capture-recapture data sets. Information on CloseTest features and where to obtain the program are provided.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[782:SRAPFT]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Stanley, T.R., and Richards, J.D., 2005, Software Review: A program for testing capture-recapture data for closure: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 33, no. 2, p. 782-785, https://doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[782:SRAPFT]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"782","endPage":"785","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477766,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[782:srapft]2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":129974,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49efe4b07f02db5edcc3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stanley, Thomas R. 0000-0002-8393-0005 stanleyt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8393-0005","contributorId":209928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Thomas","email":"stanleyt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":322111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richards, Jon D.","contributorId":181580,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Richards","given":"Jon","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70027325,"text":"70027325 - 2005 - An exploratory assessment of Cuban Treefrog (Osteopilus septentrionalis) tadpoles as predators of native and nonindigenous tadpoles in Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-14T11:04:10","indexId":"70027325","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":751,"text":"Amphibia-Reptilia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An exploratory assessment of Cuban Treefrog (Osteopilus septentrionalis) tadpoles as predators of native and nonindigenous tadpoles in Florida","docAbstract":"<p>[No abstract available]</p>","language":"English","doi":"10.1163/156853805774806313","issn":"01735373","usgsCitation":"Smith, K.G., 2005, An exploratory assessment of Cuban Treefrog (Osteopilus septentrionalis) tadpoles as predators of native and nonindigenous tadpoles in Florida: Amphibia-Reptilia, v. 26, no. 4, p. 571-575, https://doi.org/10.1163/156853805774806313.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"571","endPage":"575","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477697,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1163/156853805774806313","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":235385,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209156,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853805774806313"}],"volume":"26","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea6ae4b0c8380cd48848","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Kimberly G.","contributorId":47720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Kimberly","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70028767,"text":"70028767 - 2005 - The inverse problem of refraction travel times, part I: Types of Geophysical Nonuniqueness through Minimization","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:57","indexId":"70028767","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3208,"text":"Pure and Applied Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The inverse problem of refraction travel times, part I: Types of Geophysical Nonuniqueness through Minimization","docAbstract":"In a set of two papers we study the inverse problem of refraction travel times. The purpose of this work is to use the study as a basis for development of more sophisticated methods for finding more reliable solutions to the inverse problem of refraction travel times, which is known to be nonunique. The first paper, \"Types of Geophysical Nonuniqueness through Minimization,\" emphasizes the existence of different forms of nonuniqueness in the realm of inverse geophysical problems. Each type of nonuniqueness requires a different type and amount of a priori information to acquire a reliable solution. Based on such coupling, a nonuniqueness classification is designed. Therefore, since most inverse geophysical problems are nonunique, each inverse problem must be studied to define what type of nonuniqueness it belongs to and thus determine what type of a priori information is necessary to find a realistic solution. The second paper, \"Quantifying Refraction Nonuniqueness Using a Three-layer Model,\" serves as an example of such an approach. However, its main purpose is to provide a better understanding of the inverse refraction problem by studying the type of nonuniqueness it possesses. An approach for obtaining a realistic solution to the inverse refraction problem is planned to be offered in a third paper that is in preparation. The main goal of this paper is to redefine the existing generalized notion of nonuniqueness and a priori information by offering a classified, discriminate structure. Nonuniqueness is often encountered when trying to solve inverse problems. However, possible nonuniqueness diversity is typically neglected and nonuniqueness is regarded as a whole, as an unpleasant \"black box\" and is approached in the same manner by applying smoothing constraints, damping constraints with respect to the solution increment and, rarely, damping constraints with respect to some sparse reference information about the true parameters. In practice, when solving geophysical problems different types of nonuniqueness exist, and thus there are different ways to solve the problems. Nonuniqueness is usually regarded as due to data error, assuming the true geology is acceptably approximated by simple mathematical models. Compounding the nonlinear problems, geophysical applications routinely exhibit exact-data nonuniqueness even for models with very few parameters adding to the nonuniqueness due to data error. While nonuniqueness variations have been defined earlier, they have not been linked to specific use of a priori information necessary to resolve each case. Four types of nonuniqueness, typical for minimization problems are defined with the corresponding methods for inclusion of a priori information to find a realistic solution without resorting to a non-discriminative approach. The above-developed stand-alone classification is expected to be helpful when solving any geophysical inverse problems. ?? Birkha??user Verlag, Basel, 2005.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pure and Applied Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00024-004-2615-1","issn":"00334553","usgsCitation":"Ivanov, J., Miller, R., Xia, J., Steeples, D., and Park, C., 2005, The inverse problem of refraction travel times, part I: Types of Geophysical Nonuniqueness through Minimization: Pure and Applied Geophysics, v. 162, no. 3, p. 447-459, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-004-2615-1.","startPage":"447","endPage":"459","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209639,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-004-2615-1"},{"id":236302,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"162","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bad5fe4b08c986b323b8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ivanov, J.","contributorId":107068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ivanov","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, R. D.","contributorId":92693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Xia, J.","contributorId":63513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xia","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Steeples, D.","contributorId":30422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steeples","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Park, C.B.","contributorId":21714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Park","given":"C.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70029271,"text":"70029271 - 2005 - Dating offset fans along the Mojave section of the San Andreas fault using cosmogenic 26Al and 10Be","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:55","indexId":"70029271","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dating offset fans along the Mojave section of the San Andreas fault using cosmogenic 26Al and 10Be","docAbstract":"Analysis of cosmogenic 10Be and 26Al in samples collected from exposed boulders (n = 20) and from buried sediment (n = 3) from offset fans along the San Andreas fault near Little Rock, California, yielded ages, ranging from 16 to 413 ka, which increase with distance from their source at the mouth of Little Rock Creek. In order to determine the age of the relatively younger fans, the erosion rate of the boulders and the cosmogenic nuclide inheritance from exposure prior to deposition in the fan were established. Cosmogenic nuclide inheritance values that range between 8.5 ?? 103 and 196 ?? 103 atoms 10Be g-1 quartz were determined by measuring the concentrations and ratios of 10Be and 26Al in boulders (n = 10) and fine sediment (n = 7) at the outlet of the present active stream. Boulder erosion rate, ranging between 17 and 160 mm k.y.-1, was estimated by measuring 10Be and 26Al concentrations in nearby bedrock outcrops (n = 8). Since the boulders on the fans represent the most resistant rocks in this environment, we used the lowest rate for the age calculations. Monte Carlo simulations were used to determine ages of 16 ?? 5 and 29 ?? 7 ka for the two younger fan surfaces. Older fans (older than 100 ka) were dated by analyzing 10Be and 26Al concentrations in buried sand samples. The ages of the three oldest fans range between 227 ?? 242 and 413 ?? 185 ka. Although fan age determinations are accompanied by large uncertainties, the results of this study show a clear trend of increasing fan ages with increasing distance from the source near Little Rock Creek and provide a long-term slip rate along this section of the San Andreas fault. Slip rate along the Mojave section of the San Andreas fault for the past 413 k.y. can be determined in several ways. The average slip rate calculated from the individual fan ages is 4.2 ?? 0.9 cm yr-1. A linear regression through the data points implies a slip rate of 3.7 ?? 1.0 cm yr-1. A most probable slip rate of 3.0 ?? 1.0 cm yr-1 is determined by using a X2 test. These rates suggest that the average slip along the Mojave section of the San Andreas fault has been relatively constant over this time period. The slip rate along the Mojave section of the San Andreas fault, determined in this study, agrees well with previous slip rate calculations for the Quaternary. ?? 2005 Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/B25590.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Matmon, A., Schwartz, D.P., Finkel, R., Clemmens, S., and Hanks, T., 2005, Dating offset fans along the Mojave section of the San Andreas fault using cosmogenic 26Al and 10Be: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 117, no. 5-6, p. 795-807, https://doi.org/10.1130/B25590.1.","startPage":"795","endPage":"807","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237590,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210616,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B25590.1"}],"volume":"117","issue":"5-6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fde2e4b0c8380cd4e9bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Matmon, A.","contributorId":14983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matmon","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schwartz, David P. 0000-0001-5193-9200","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5193-9200","contributorId":52968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"David","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Finkel, R.","contributorId":103028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finkel","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Clemmens, S.","contributorId":42413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clemmens","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hanks, T.","contributorId":88941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanks","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70029062,"text":"70029062 - 2005 - Major and trace element composition of copiapite-group minerals and coexisting water from the Richmond mine, Iron Mountain, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-31T09:25:14","indexId":"70029062","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Major and trace element composition of copiapite-group minerals and coexisting water from the Richmond mine, Iron Mountain, California","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id19\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id20\"><p id=\"simple-para.0110\">Copiapite-group minerals of the general formula<span>&nbsp;</span><i>AR</i><sub>4</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>6</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub>·<i>n</i>H<sub>2</sub>O, where<span>&nbsp;</span><i>A</i><span>&nbsp;</span>is predominantly Mg, Fe<sup>2+</sup>, or 0.67Al<sup>3+</sup>,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>R</i><span>&nbsp;</span>is predominantly Fe<sup>3+</sup>, and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>n</i><span>&nbsp;</span>is typically 20, are among several secondary hydrous Fe sulfates occurring in the inactive mine workings of the massive sulfide deposit at Iron Mountain, CA, a USEPA Superfund site that produces extremely acidic drainage. Samples of copiapite-group minerals, some with coexisting water, were collected from the Richmond mine. Approximately 200 mL of brownish pore water with a pH of −0.9 were extracted through centrifugation from a 10-L sample of moist copiapite-group minerals taken from pyritic muck piles. The pore water is extremely rich in ferric iron (Fe<sup>3+</sup>=149 g L<sup>−1</sup>, Fe<sub>T</sub>=162 g L<sup>−1</sup>) and has a density of 1.52 g mL<sup>−1</sup>. The composition of the pore water is interpreted in the context of published phase relations in the Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–SO<sub>3</sub>–H<sub>2</sub>O system and previous work on the chemistry of extremely acid mine waters and associated minerals in the Richmond mine. Two distinct members of the copiapite mineral group were identified in the samples with coexisting water: (1) abundant magnesiocopiapite consisting of platy crystals 10 to 50 μm and (2) minor aluminocopiapite present as smaller platy crystals that form spheroidal aggregates. The average composition (<i>n</i>=5) of the magnesiocopiapite is (Mg<sub>0.90</sub>Fe<sup>2+</sup><sub>0.17</sub>Zn<sub>0.02</sub>Cu<sub>0.01</sub>)<sub>∑1.10</sub>(Fe<sup>3+</sup><sub>3.83</sub>Al<sub>0.09</sub>)<sub>∑3.92</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>6.00</sub>(OH)<sub>1.96</sub>·20H<sub>2</sub>O. Bulk compositions determined by digestion and wet-chemical analysis are consistent with the microanalytical results. These results suggest that magnesiocopiapite is the least soluble member of the copiapite group under the prevailing conditions. Micro-PIXE analysis indicates that the copiapite-group minerals in this sample sequester Zn (average 1420 ppm), with lesser amounts of Cu (average 270 ppm) and As (average 64 ppm).</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.10.001","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Jamieson, H., Robinson, C., Alpers, C.N., McCleskey, R.B., Nordstrom, D.K., and Peterson, R.C., 2005, Major and trace element composition of copiapite-group minerals and coexisting water from the Richmond mine, Iron Mountain, California: Chemical Geology, v. 215, no. 1-4 , p. 387-405, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.10.001.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"387","endPage":"405","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237719,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210712,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.10.001"}],"volume":"215","issue":"1-4 ","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4c07e4b0c8380cd69960","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jamieson, H.E.","contributorId":41646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jamieson","given":"H.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robinson, C.","contributorId":70586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alpers, Charles N. 0000-0001-6945-7365 cnalpers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6945-7365","contributorId":411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpers","given":"Charles","email":"cnalpers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":421186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCleskey, R. Blaine 0000-0002-2521-8052 rbmccles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2521-8052","contributorId":147399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCleskey","given":"R.","email":"rbmccles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Blaine","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":421181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":421184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Peterson, Ronald C.","contributorId":103070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
]}