Problem and Proposed Method of Solution
\nFrequently the Theis nonequilibrium formula is use din the quantitative analyses that are part of many-ground-water investigations. The computations associated therewith may become quite involved and tedious, especially when dealing with predictions of the decline of water levels throughout large areas in which there are many discharging wells. The process of predicting future water-level declines can be greatly simplified and shortened by preparing a special draw-down scale for given conditions. Through use of such a scale much of the computation can be reduced to scaling the values sought from a map, on which the pumped wells have been spotted. The net drawdown effect, which is the sum of the water-level declines caused by the many individual pumped wells, can be determined readily for any desired point in the area. If the net drawdown effect is desired, a summation of the effects of all the pumped wells can be repeated for each point. By determining the water-level change at a number of points, for a given period of time, a contour map of predicted water-level changes for the multiple-well system can be drawn.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr5724","usgsCitation":"Conover, C., and Reeder, H., 1957, Construction and use of special drawdown scales for use in prediction of water-level changes throughout heavily pumped areas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 57-24, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5724.","productDescription":"9 p.","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":287369,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287368,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1957/0024/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b12e4b07f02db6a2f07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conover, C.S.","contributorId":79862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conover","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reeder, H.O.","contributorId":108169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeder","given":"H.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":55754,"text":"ofr5717 - 1957 - Occurrence of ground water near Ana Springs, Summer Lake Basin, Lake County, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-21T07:55:07","indexId":"ofr5717","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"57-17","title":"Occurrence of ground water near Ana Springs, Summer Lake Basin, Lake County, Oregon","docAbstract":"Ana Springs are near the north end of Summer Lake Basin, a closed fault-block basin in Lake County Oregon. The water of the springs rises by artesian pressure from lava-rock aquifers through about 150 feet of overlying thinly bedded lake deposits to discharge at the bottom of an impounding reservoir, the spring orifices being beneath 30 to 36 feet of water. On the valley floor less than a mile south and southwest of the reservoir artesian wells appear to tap the same lava rock from which the waters of the springs arise.
\nObservations of the piesometric surface of the artesian water during flow tests show that three artesian wells, 30/16-1R1, 30/17-7D1, and -7F1, are hydraulically connected with a fourth, 30/16-1R2, and that well 30/16-1R2 is hydraulically connected with Ana Springs. A fifth artesian well, 30/16-12A1, did not show hydraulic connection with the other four wells during the short-term tests made.
\nMathematical constant derived from the tests permit calculations which indicate that the four wells, 30/16-1R1, -1R2, 30/17-7D1, and -7F1, when flowing at a combined rate of 4,600 gpm for 100 days, may lower the pressure head on Ana Springs by an amount equal to 2.7 feet of water, This lowering in pressure may cause a decrease in the rate of discharge of Ana Springs by about 4.4 cubic feet per second, or about 5 percent of the present wintertime rate of discharge. This diversion (5 percent) would be within the limit of error of single measurement of the the spring discharge. Chemical and temperature characteristics of thew Ana Spring water indicate it is similar to the water of the five lava-rock wells.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr5717","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Oregon State Engineer","usgsCitation":"Brown, S., 1957, Occurrence of ground water near Ana Springs, Summer Lake Basin, Lake County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 57-17, ii, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5717.","productDescription":"ii, 26 p.","numberOfPages":"40","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":287364,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287363,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1957/0017/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","county":"Lake County","otherGeospatial":"Ana Springs;Summer Lake Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.0,42.25 ], [ -121.0,43.25 ], [ -120.0,43.25 ], [ -120.0,42.25 ], [ -121.0,42.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af5e4b07f02db692459","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, S. G.","contributorId":46914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"S. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":56078,"text":"ofr5777 - 1957 - Development of ground water from the Carrizo sand and Wilcox group in Dimmit, Zavala, Maverick, Frio, Atacosa, Median, Bexar, Live Oak, McMullen, La Salle, and Webb Counties, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-21T09:24:34","indexId":"ofr5777","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"57-77","title":"Development of ground water from the Carrizo sand and Wilcox group in Dimmit, Zavala, Maverick, Frio, Atacosa, Median, Bexar, Live Oak, McMullen, La Salle, and Webb Counties, Texas","docAbstract":"The development of ground water for irrigation from the Carrizo sand south and southwest of San Antonio, Tex., has increased rapidly during the past few years. Declining pumping water levels in irrigation wells, caused by increased withdrawals, have caused considerable concern among the residents of the area. In response, the Nueces River Conservation and Reclamation District entered into a cooperative agreement with the Texas Board of Water Engineers and the United States Geological Survey to determine the extent of development and the rate of withdrawal that has cause the decline.
\nAll wells that discharged more than 150 gallons per minute for extended periods of time in 1955 from either the Carrizo sand or sands of the Wilcox group were studied and are shown on [late 1. Estimates were made of the total withdrawals by county and are given in table 2. Similar estimates of withdrawals in some of the counties for the irrigation years 1929-30, 1938-39, 1944-45, and 1947-48 are presented for comparison in table 3. Although the Carrizo sand is the principal source of ground water pumped in the area, estimate of withdrawals of water from the Wilcox were included in this inventory because (1) the formation appears to be hydraulically connected to the Carrizo sand, (2) the quality of water generally is good in the outcrop area of the Wilcox, and (3) appreciable withdrawals are being made from the Wilcox for irrigation in a few areas.
\nThe investigation covered an area of about 7,500 square miles and included all or parts of the following counties: Dimmit, Zavala, Maverick, Frio, Atascosa, Medina, Bexar, Live Oak, McMullen, La Salle, and Webb (fig. 1).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr5777","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the United States Geological Survey and the Nueces River Conservation and Reclamation District","usgsCitation":"Moulder, E.A., 1957, Development of ground water from the Carrizo sand and Wilcox group in Dimmit, Zavala, Maverick, Frio, Atacosa, Median, Bexar, Live Oak, McMullen, La Salle, and Webb Counties, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 57-77, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5777.","productDescription":"21 p.","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":287401,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287400,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1957/0077/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Atascosa County;Bexar County;Dimmit County;Frio County;La Salle County;Live Oak County;Maverick County;Mcmullen County;Medina County;Webb County;Zavala County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -100.333333,28.0 ], [ -100.333333,29.333333 ], [ -98.0,29.333333 ], [ -98.0,28.0 ], [ -100.333333,28.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9be4b07f02db65def7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moulder, E. A.","contributorId":78719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moulder","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":53637,"text":"ofr57121 - 1957 - Possibility of developing a ground-water supply at the Chaco Canyon National Monument, San Juan county, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:42","indexId":"ofr57121","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"57-121","title":"Possibility of developing a ground-water supply at the Chaco Canyon National Monument, San Juan county, New Mexico","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr57121","usgsCitation":"West, S.W., 1957, Possibility of developing a ground-water supply at the Chaco Canyon National Monument, San Juan county, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 57-121, 31 p.; 2 pls, 3 figs., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr57121.","productDescription":"31 p.; 2 pls, 3 figs.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177070,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1957/0121/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":87514,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1957/0121/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":87515,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1957/0121/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":87516,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1957/0121/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":87517,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1957/0121/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":87518,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1957/0121/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db683be6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"West, S. W.","contributorId":104029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"West","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":55768,"text":"ofr5746 - 1957 - Ground water in the Pullman area, Whitman county, Washington","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":55768,"text":"ofr5746 - 1957 - Ground water in the Pullman area, Whitman county, Washington","indexId":"ofr5746","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"title":"Ground water in the Pullman area, Whitman county, Washington"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":1371,"text":"wsp1655 - 1963 - Ground water in the Pullman area, Whitman County, Washington","indexId":"wsp1655","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"title":"Ground water in the Pullman area, Whitman County, Washington"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":1371,"text":"wsp1655 - 1963 - Ground water in the Pullman area, Whitman County, Washington","indexId":"wsp1655","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"title":"Ground water in the Pullman area, Whitman County, Washington"},"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-19T10:46:49","indexId":"ofr5746","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"57-46","title":"Ground water in the Pullman area, Whitman county, Washington","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr5746","usgsCitation":"Foxworthy, B., and Washburn, R., 1957, Ground water in the Pullman area, Whitman county, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 57-46, 122 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5746.","productDescription":"122 p.","numberOfPages":"122","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":174351,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"Whitman County","otherGeospatial":"Pullman Area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.2494,46.417 ], [ -118.2494,47.2604 ], [ -117.0394,47.2604 ], [ -117.0394,46.417 ], [ -118.2494,46.417 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d8f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foxworthy, B. L.","contributorId":45686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foxworthy","given":"B. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Washburn, R.L.","contributorId":89114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Washburn","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":55766,"text":"ofr5742 - 1957 - Report of North American reporter, topic no. 3, Prospecting for ground water; well sinking and borehole drilling, for 1958 Congress of the International Water Supply Association, Brussels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:49","indexId":"ofr5742","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"57-42","title":"Report of North American reporter, topic no. 3, Prospecting for ground water; well sinking and borehole drilling, for 1958 Congress of the International Water Supply Association, Brussels","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr5742","usgsCitation":"Fiedler, A., 1957, Report of North American reporter, topic no. 3, Prospecting for ground water; well sinking and borehole drilling, for 1958 Congress of the International Water Supply Association, Brussels: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 57-42, 91 p.; 24 figs., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5742.","productDescription":"91 p.; 24 figs.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":174350,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5ee4b07f02db633f69","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fiedler, A.G.","contributorId":11272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fiedler","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":55764,"text":"ofr5738 - 1957 - Memorandum on availability of ground water for irrigation in certain areas of eastern Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-21T08:09:20","indexId":"ofr5738","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"57-38","title":"Memorandum on availability of ground water for irrigation in certain areas of eastern Arkansas","docAbstract":"This memorandum was prepared in response to a request from the Soil Conservation Service, Little Rock, Ark., for information on the future prospects of irrigation of rice with water from wells in certain areas in the basins of the Bache, St. Francis, and L'Anguille Rivers, Big and Dials Creeks, and Bayou Meto and the Bouef-Tensas-Macon basin. It was prepared as a aprt of the Statewide ground-water investigation in cooperation with the Arkansas Geological and Conservation Commission ad the University of Arkansas. The specific areas and water requirement specified by the Soil Conservation Service are listed in the appendix.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr5738","usgsCitation":"Dennis, P., and and others, 1957, Memorandum on availability of ground water for irrigation in certain areas of eastern Arkansas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 57-38, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5738.","productDescription":"10 p.","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":287373,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287372,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1957/0038/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.6179,33.0041 ], [ -94.6179,36.4997 ], [ -89.6468,36.4997 ], [ -89.6468,33.0041 ], [ -94.6179,33.0041 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ce4b07f02db613d5c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dennis, P.E.","contributorId":73627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dennis","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"and others","contributorId":127886,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"and others","id":532394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":55759,"text":"ofr5727 - 1957 - Results of spot-discharge measurements and chemical analyses of water along the Pecos River, tributaries, and diversions between Acme and Artesia, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:49","indexId":"ofr5727","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"57-27","title":"Results of spot-discharge measurements and chemical analyses of water along the Pecos River, tributaries, and diversions between Acme and Artesia, New Mexico","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr5727","usgsCitation":"Conover, C., and and others, 1957, Results of spot-discharge measurements and chemical analyses of water along the Pecos River, tributaries, and diversions between Acme and Artesia, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 57-27, 26 p.; 15 figs., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5727.","productDescription":"26 p.; 15 figs.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":174252,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db605661","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conover, C.S.","contributorId":79862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conover","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"and others","contributorId":127886,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"and others","id":532392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":72313,"text":"tei690 - 1957 - Geologic investigations of radioactive deposits, semiannual progress report, December 1, 1956 to May 31, 1957","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-26T19:13:19.520686","indexId":"tei690","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"690","title":"Geologic investigations of radioactive deposits, semiannual progress report, December 1, 1956 to May 31, 1957","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tei690","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1957, Geologic investigations of radioactive deposits, semiannual progress report, December 1, 1956 to May 31, 1957: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 690, 571 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tei690.","productDescription":"571 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":399698,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_100171.htm"},{"id":91090,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/690/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":191572,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/690/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4f99","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":534738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":16430,"text":"ofr57118 - 1957 - Riverbank erosion and ground-water conditions at Beaver, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:09","indexId":"ofr57118","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"57-118","title":"Riverbank erosion and ground-water conditions at Beaver, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey],","doi":"10.3133/ofr57118","usgsCitation":"Waller, R.M., 1957, Riverbank erosion and ground-water conditions at Beaver, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 57-118, 7 p. :map ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr57118.","productDescription":"7 p. :map ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":148309,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1957/0118/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":45391,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1957/0118/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a11e4b07f02db5fffbf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waller, Roger Milton","contributorId":22320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waller","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"Milton","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":3691,"text":"cir398 - 1957 - Estimated use of water in the United States, 1955","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-21T16:12:16","indexId":"cir398","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"398","title":"Estimated use of water in the United States, 1955","docAbstract":"The estimated withdrawal use of water in the United States during 1955 was about 740,000 mgd (million gallons per day). Withdrawal use of water requires that it be removed from the ground or diverted from a stream or lake. In this report it is divided into five types: public supplies, rural, irrigation, self-supplied industrial, and waterpower. Consumptive use of water is the quantity discharged to the atmosphere or incorporated in the products of the process in which it was used. Only a small part of the water withdrawn for industry was consumed, but as much as 60 percent of the water withdrawn for irrigation may have been consumed.
Of the water withdrawn in 1955 about 1,500,000 mgd was for generation of waterpower, and all other withdrawal uses amounted to only about 240,000 mgd. Surface-water sources supplied 194,000 mgd and groundwater sources supplied 46,000 mgd. The amount of water withdrawn in each State and in each of 19 geographic regions is given.
The quantity of water used without being withdrawn for such purposes as navigation, recreation, and conservation of fish and wildlife was not determined. The water surface area of the reservoirs and lakes used to store water for these purposes is sufficiently large that the evaporation from this source is greater than the quantity of water withdrawn for rural and public supplies.
The amount of water used for generation of waterpower has increased 36 percent since 1950. The largest increase, 43 percent, was in self-supplied industrial water. Rural use, excluding irrigation, decreased 31 percent.
The upper limit of our water supply is the average annual runoff, nearly 1,200, 000 mgd. The supply is depleted by the quantity of water consumed rather than by the quantity withdrawn. In 1955 about one-fourth of the water withdrawn was consumed. The amount thus consumed is about one-twentieth of the supply.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/cir398","usgsCitation":"MacKichan, K.A., 1957, Estimated use of water in the United States, 1955: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 398, ii, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir398.","productDescription":"ii, 18 p.","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124607,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1957/0398/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":30743,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1957/0398/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cee4b07f02db545782","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"MacKichan, Kenneth Allen","contributorId":70372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacKichan","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"Allen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":2998,"text":"wsp1360F - 1957 - Salt water and its relation to fresh ground water in Harris County, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-29T14:43:49.165177","indexId":"wsp1360F","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1360","chapter":"F","title":"Salt water and its relation to fresh ground water in Harris County, Texas","docAbstract":"Harris County, in the West Gulf Coastal Plain in southeastern Texas, has one of the heaviest concentrations of ground-water withdrawal in the United States. Large quantities of water are pumped to meet the requirements of the rapidly growing population, for industry, and for rice irrigation. The water is pumped from artesian wells which tap a thick series of sands ranging in age from Miocene (?) to Pleistocene.
\nThe water-bearing sands, many of which contained slightly saline water, are interbedded with clays. Subsequent artesian circulation has flushed the sands, probably to the limit determined by the Ghyben-Herzberg principle. The base of the fresh-water sands ranges in depth from about 100 feet over the salt dome near Hockley to more than 3,000 feet in the northeastern part of the county.
\nBefore large-scale ground-water withdrawals were begun, the hydraulic gradient sloped gently toward the coast. Then, as large quantities of water were withdrawn a large cone of depression was established, the hydraulic gradient was reversed, and salt water began to move slowly toward the centers of pumping. The rate of movement of the salt water is very slow and the closest salt water is probably 5 miles from centers of pumping in the deeper sands. However, the threat of salt-water intrusion is present and the rate of advance of the salt water should be watched by means of strategically placed observation wells.
\nOther less probable potential sources of salt-water contamination which are discussed include upward movement of salt water from below, vertical movement around salt domes or along faults, downward seepage from surface sources, and contamination through leaking wells.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp1360F","usgsCitation":"Winslow, A., Doyel, W.W., and Wood, L., 1957, Salt water and its relation to fresh ground water in Harris County, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1360, Report: iii, 32 p.; 4 Plates: 31.50 x 20.95 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1360F.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 32 p.; 4 Plates: 31.50 x 20.95 inches or smaller","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science 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Allen G.","contributorId":12465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winslow","given":"Allen G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doyel, William Watson","contributorId":74355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doyel","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"Watson","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wood, L.A.","contributorId":10785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":2943,"text":"wsp1389 - 1957 - Surface water supply of the United States, 1955, Part VI-A, Missouri River basin, Missouri River basin above Sioux City, Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:33","indexId":"wsp1389","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1389","title":"Surface water supply of the United States, 1955, Part VI-A, Missouri River basin, Missouri River basin above Sioux City, Iowa","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1389","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1957, Surface water supply of the United States, 1955, Part VI-A, Missouri River basin, Missouri River basin above Sioux City, Iowa: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1389, x, 423 p. :ill., tables ;25 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1389.","productDescription":"x, 423 p. :ill., tables ;25 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139130,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1389/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":29652,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1389/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afbe4b07f02db6961fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":14401,"text":"ofr5760 - 1957 - Records available to September 30, 1956, on use of water in the Delaware Basin Project area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-21T08:30:12","indexId":"ofr5760","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"57-60","title":"Records available to September 30, 1956, on use of water in the Delaware Basin Project area","docAbstract":"The purpose of this report is to summarize data on the use of water in the Delaware Basin Project area (fig. 2) and to list the principal data sources that are available in published form. The tables and bibliography will assist Geological Survey personnel assigned to the Delaware Basin Project in evaluating the scope and deficiencies of previous studies of the basin. Information is also given on the use of water by public supplies in the New York-New Jersey region comprising the New York City Metropolitan Area and in the remaining north-central and south-eastern parts of New Jersey. These regions may depend increasingly on water from the Delaware River basin for part of their public supplies.
\nThe Geological Survey has the responsibility for appraising and describing the water resources of the Nation as a guide to use, development, control, and conservation of these resources. Cooperative Federal-State water-resources investigations in the Delaware Basin States have been carried on the the Geological Survey for more than 50 years. In July 1956 the Survey began the \"Delaware Basin Project,\" a hydrologic study of the Delaware River basin in order to: 1) Determine present status and trends in water availability, quality, and use, 2) assess and improve the adequacy of the Survey's basic water data program in the basin, 3) interpret and evaluate the water-resources data in terms of past and possible future water-use and land-use practices, and 4) disseminate promptly the results of this investigation for the benefit of all interested agencies and the general public. The Geological Survey is working closely with the U.S. Corps of Engineers and other cooperating Federal and State agencies in providing water data which will contribute to the present coordinated investigation aimed at developing a plan for long-range water development in the Delaware River basin.
\nEstimates of quantities of water used are given for water withdrawn from streams and aquifers during calendar year 1955, as compiled or estimated from publications and manuscripts prepared between 1950 and 1956. All quantities are given in millions of gallons per day (mgd). The source of the water used, ground or surface, and the type of use to which is was put -- public supply, industrial supply, irrigation, or rural use -- is given. Use of water for hydroelectric power was not compiled for this report. Most tables in this report do not subdivide withdrawals into fresh and saline water; however, most supplies are fresh, except some of those withdrawn directly from the Delaware River downstream from Philadelphia, Pa. All quantities are expressed as an average rate for a full year and are lower, therefore, than rates resulting from the increased demand for water during the summer for air conditioning and supplemental irrigation.
\nThe primary emphasis of this study was to get an over-all picture of water use throughout large parts of the basin. Therefore, publications relating to a dingle city or county, other than New York City, seldom were used; revisions and refinement based on such sources of information are best made by the field personnel most familiar with locally filed publications and published data.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Washington D.C.","doi":"10.3133/ofr5760","usgsCitation":"Kammerer, J., 1957, Records available to September 30, 1956, on use of water in the Delaware Basin Project area: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 57-60, ii, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5760.","productDescription":"ii, 33 p.","numberOfPages":"37","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":287385,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287384,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1957/0060/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware","otherGeospatial":"Delaware Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.0,39.0 ], [ -76.0,42.0 ], [ -75.0,42.0 ], [ -75.0,39.0 ], [ -76.0,39.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db63579e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kammerer, John C.","contributorId":53815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kammerer","given":"John C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":820,"text":"wsp1405 - 1957 - Water levels and artesian pressures in observation wells in the United States, 1955, Part 2, Southeastern States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:15","indexId":"wsp1405","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1405","title":"Water levels and artesian pressures in observation wells in the United States, 1955, Part 2, Southeastern States","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1405","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1957, Water levels and artesian pressures in observation wells in the United States, 1955, Part 2, Southeastern States: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1405, vii, 284 p. :ill. ;23 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1405.","productDescription":"vii, 284 p. :ill. ;23 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":136994,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1405/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":25387,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1405/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5f9e44","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":527749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":4558,"text":"wsp1385 - 1957 - Surface water supply of the United States, 1955, Part III-A, Ohio River basin, Ohio River basin except Cumberland and Tennessee River basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:51","indexId":"wsp1385","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1385","title":"Surface water supply of the United States, 1955, Part III-A, Ohio River basin, Ohio River basin except Cumberland and Tennessee River basins","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1385","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1957, Surface water supply of the United States, 1955, Part III-A, Ohio River basin, Ohio River basin except Cumberland and Tennessee River basins: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1385, xii, 581 p. ;23 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1385.","productDescription":"xii, 581 p. ;23 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139818,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1385/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31615,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1385/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afbe4b07f02db696248","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":821,"text":"wsp1406 - 1957 - Water levels and artesian pressures in observation wells in the United States, 1955, Part 3, North-Central States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:15","indexId":"wsp1406","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1406","title":"Water levels and artesian pressures in observation wells in the United States, 1955, Part 3, North-Central States","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1406","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1957, Water levels and artesian pressures in observation wells in the United States, 1955, Part 3, North-Central States: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1406, vi, 274 p. :ill. ;23 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1406.","productDescription":"vi, 274 p. :ill. ;23 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":136995,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1406/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":25388,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1406/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5f9e4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":527750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":46154,"text":"ofr5748 - 1957 - Map showing generalized water-level contours for the lower water-bearing zone for April-May 1955, in the Mendota-Huron area, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-11T07:59:12","indexId":"ofr5748","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"57-48","title":"Map showing generalized water-level contours for the lower water-bearing zone for April-May 1955, in the Mendota-Huron area, California","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr5748","usgsCitation":"Green, J.H., 1957, Map showing generalized water-level contours for the lower water-bearing zone for April-May 1955, in the Mendota-Huron area, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 57-48, 7.00 x 9.76 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5748.","productDescription":"7.00 x 9.76 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":288239,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288238,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1957/0048/plate-1.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.8033,35.9983 ], [ -120.8033,37.1 ], [ -119.7493,37.1 ], [ -119.7493,35.9983 ], [ -120.8033,35.9983 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae3ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Green, J. H.","contributorId":43312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":232713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1222,"text":"wsp1460C - 1957 - Ground-water possibilities south of the Snake River between Twin Falls and Pocatello, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-26T10:52:05","indexId":"wsp1460C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1460","chapter":"C","title":"Ground-water possibilities south of the Snake River between Twin Falls and Pocatello, Idaho","docAbstract":"The Snake River Plain and tributary valleys south of the Snake River between\nTwin Falls and Pocatello, Idaho (here called the South Side area), contain about\n180,000 acres of irrigated land, of which 145,000 acres is irrigated with surface\nwater and 35,000 is irrigated wholly or partly with ground water. The area also\ncontains more than 200,000 acres of arable land that is idle or used only for grazing\nbecause it lacks irrigation water. Most of the surface-water supply is already\nused or reserved, and some land now irrigated needs supplemental water.
\nThe climate of the area ranges from semiarid on the Snake River Plain to\nsubhumid on higher mountains. The average annual precipitation at lowland\nstations ranges from about 9 to 12 inches.
\n\nThe principal sources of ground water are extrusive volcanic rocks of silicic\nto intermediate composition, basalt, and sand and gravel. Ground water occurs\ncommonly under artesian conditions in the silicic to intermediate volcanic rocks\nand in sand and gravel tongues and lenses in lake beds. Basalt and alluvium\ncommonly contain unconfined water.
\nThe area of this report is divided into 13 roughly defined ground-water districts,\nsome of which are further divided into subdistricts. The known geologic\nand hydrologic factors of each area are summarized and a preliminary appraisal\nis made of the ground-water resources in relation to land resources and to the\nregimen of streams. The current state of development, proposed new developments,\nand ground-water potential of each division are discussed.
\nThe Dry Creek district is the most intensively irrigated area in Idaho in which\nwells furnish the water supply. Ground water occurs under both artesian and\nwater-table conditions. More than 53,000 acre-feet of ground water was pumped\nin 1954. There are large areas of undeveloped arable land in the district, but\npumping in some parts of the district currently is approaching or surpasses the\nperennial yield of the ground-water reservoirs.
\nThe Golden Valley district contains considerable arable land but, owing to\nthe relatively great depth to water and the generally poor yield of wells, the\nprospects for extensive ground-water development are not promising.
\nIn the Oakley district ground water is pumped from alluvium to supplement\nsurface water and to bring new land into production. The ground water will be\nfully exploited within a few years if the present rate of development by individual\nlandowners continues. The total area of nonirrigated land far exceeds the amount\nthat could be irrigated with indigenous ground water.
\nBoth artesian and unconfined water occur in the Burley district. Most existing\nwells tap unconfined water in the southern part where there are still large\ntracts of idle arable land. Pumping lifts are rather high.
\nThe South Walcott district contains a considerable acreage of arable land and\nis underlain by excellent aquifers. The effect that heavy pumping would have\non the flow of the Raft and Snake Rivers and on seepage from Lake Walcott is\nTaot well understood. Presumably substantial pumping would be feasible without\ndirect deleterious effects.
\nThe Raft River basin, including the Elba and Almo-Yost subbasins, is the\nlargest district in the South Side area. Ground water occurs in both unconfined\nand artesian aquifers. Possibly as much as 150,000 acres of dry land is irrigable,\nbut the ground-water supply presumably is sufficient to irrigate only a few thousand\nacres in addition to the approximately 40,000 now irrigated with surface\nand ground water. Pumping of wells at some locations would deplete the base\nflow of the Raft River and would be competitive with surface-water use.
\nThe United States Bureau of Reclamation has started construction of the\nMichaud Flats Irrigation Project in the Western Michaud Flats district. The\nadopted reclamation plan is to irrigate about 10,000 acres, using surface water\npumped from American Falls Reservoir and ground water pumped from wells.\nGround water in part of the district is tributary to the reservoir. Withdrawals\nof ground water will be compensated in part by the return of waste water to the\nreservoir and to the Snake River.
\nThe Eastern Michaud Flats district contains more arable land and has better\naquifers than the Western Michaud Flats district, but pumping might reduce\nnoticeably the discharge of ground water to the American Falls Reservoir. The\nBureau of Indian Affairs plans to develop about 13,600 acres of Indian land with\nwater stored in Palisades and American Falls Reservoirs.
\nVirtually nothing is known about ground-water conditions in the Arbon and\nRockland Valleys and in several small areas such as the Basin district, the\nAlbion basin, and along the northern border of the Sublett Range. Preliminary\nstudies have been made in three areas, the Dry Creek, Raft River, and Western.\nMichaud Flats districts. None has been studied comprehensively. The available\ndata for each district are summarized in tabular form.
\nFurther investigations in the area are needed and should include accurate\nhydrologic mapping. Studies are needed of the sources and amounts of groundwater\nrecharge, of the effects of ground-water withdrawals on the total water\nsupply, and of numerous related problems.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp1460C","collaboration":"Prepared for the United States Bureau of Reclamation with the cooperation of the Idaho Department of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Crosthwaite, E., 1957, Ground-water possibilities south of the Snake River between Twin Falls and Pocatello, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1460, iv, 47 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1460C.","productDescription":"iv, 47 p.","startPage":"99","endPage":"145","numberOfPages":"51","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":137892,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1460c/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":26138,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1460c/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","city":"Pocatello;Twin Falls","otherGeospatial":"Snake River Plain","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.2681,41.9677 ], [ -117.2681,44.9959 ], [ -110.9949,44.9959 ], [ -110.9949,41.9677 ], [ -117.2681,41.9677 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db66744f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crosthwaite, E. G.","contributorId":83098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crosthwaite","given":"E. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1123,"text":"wsp1361 - 1957 - Geology and ground-water resources of the York-James Peninsula, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-08T22:09:18.261835","indexId":"wsp1361","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1361","title":"Geology and ground-water resources of the York-James Peninsula, Virginia","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp1361","usgsCitation":"Cederstrom, D.J., 1957, Geology and ground-water resources of the York-James Peninsula, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1361, Report: vii, 237 p.; 6 Plates: 10.00 x 18.04 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1361.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 237 p.; 6 Plates: 10.00 x 18.04 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":413893,"rank":9,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_23519.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":246980,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1361/plate-7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25896,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1361/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25894,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1361/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25892,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1361/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25897,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1361/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25895,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1361/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25893,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1361/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":138015,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1361/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"York-James Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.5,\n 37.833\n ],\n [\n -77.5,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -76.25,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -76.25,\n 37.833\n ],\n [\n -77.5,\n 37.833\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db6855c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cederstrom, Dagfin John","contributorId":90287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cederstrom","given":"Dagfin","email":"","middleInitial":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":53318,"text":"ofr5719 - 1957 - Availability of Ground Water at Grand Quivira National Monument, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:44","indexId":"ofr5719","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"57-19","title":"Availability of Ground Water at Grand Quivira National Monument, New Mexico","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr5719","usgsCitation":"Clebsch, A., 1957, Availability of Ground Water at Grand Quivira National Monument, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 57-19, 38 p.; 1 pl.; 3 figs., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5719.","productDescription":"38 p.; 1 pl.; 3 figs.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177509,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1957/0019/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":87203,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1957/0019/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":87204,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1957/0019/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":87205,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1957/0019/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":87206,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1957/0019/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa9e4b07f02db667fdd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clebsch, Alfred Jr.","contributorId":27886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clebsch","given":"Alfred","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":22741,"text":"ofr5720 - 1957 - Salinity of water in the Delaware Estuary","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":22741,"text":"ofr5720 - 1957 - Salinity of water in the Delaware Estuary","indexId":"ofr5720","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"title":"Salinity of water in the Delaware Estuary"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":1153,"text":"wsp1586B - 1962 - Salinity of the Delaware Estuary","indexId":"wsp1586B","publicationYear":"1962","noYear":false,"chapter":"B","title":"Salinity of the Delaware Estuary"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":1153,"text":"wsp1586B - 1962 - Salinity of the Delaware Estuary","indexId":"wsp1586B","publicationYear":"1962","noYear":false,"title":"Salinity of the Delaware Estuary"},"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:05","indexId":"ofr5720","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"57-20","title":"Salinity of water in the Delaware Estuary","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, Water Resources Division,","doi":"10.3133/ofr5720","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Cohen, B., 1957, Salinity of water in the Delaware Estuary: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 57-20, 93 p, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5720.","productDescription":"93 p","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155653,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fdf77","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cohen, Bernard","contributorId":45289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohen","given":"Bernard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":55763,"text":"ofr5737 - 1957 - List of ground-water and related reports for the State of Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:49","indexId":"ofr5737","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"57-37","title":"List of ground-water and related reports for the State of Arkansas","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr5737","usgsCitation":"Dennis, P., and and others, 1957, List of ground-water and related reports for the State of Arkansas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 57-37, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5737.","productDescription":"10 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":174255,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4f61","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dennis, P.E.","contributorId":73627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dennis","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"and others","contributorId":127886,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"and others","id":532393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}