{"pageNumber":"2623","pageRowStart":"65550","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184553,"records":[{"id":70027396,"text":"70027396 - 2005 - Effects of urbanization on benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages in contrasting environmental settings: Boston, Massachusetts; Birmingham, Alabama; and Salt Lake City, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:46","indexId":"70027396","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":718,"text":"American Fisheries Society Symposium","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of urbanization on benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages in contrasting environmental settings: Boston, Massachusetts; Birmingham, Alabama; and Salt Lake City, Utah","docAbstract":"Responses of invertebrate assemblages along gradients of urban intensity were examined in three metropolitan areas with contrasting climates and topography (Boston, Massachusetts; Birmingham, Alabama; Salt Lake City, Utah). Urban gradients were defined using an urban intensity index (UII) derived from basin-scale population, infrastructure, land-use, land-cover, and socioeconomic characteristics. Responses based on assemblage metrics, indices of biotic integrity (B-IBI), and ordinations were readily detected in all three urban areas and many responses could be accurately predicted simply using regional UIIs. Responses to UII were linear and did not indicate any initial resistance to urbanization. Richness metrics were better indicators of urbanization than were density metrics. Metrics that were good indicators were specific to each study except for a richness-based tolerance metric (TOLr) and one B-IBI. Tolerances to urbanization were derived for 205 taxa. These tolerances differed among studies and with published tolerance values, but provided similar characterizations of site conditions. Basin-scale land-use changes were the most important variables for explaining invertebrate responses to urbanization. Some chemical and instream physical habitat variables were important in individual studies, but not among studies. Optimizing the study design to detect basin-scale effects may have reduced the ability to detect local-scale effects. ?? 2005 by the American Fisheries Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Fisheries Society Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"08922284","usgsCitation":"Cuffney, T., Zappia, H., Giddings, E., and Coles, J., 2005, Effects of urbanization on benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages in contrasting environmental settings: Boston, Massachusetts; Birmingham, Alabama; and Salt Lake City, Utah: American Fisheries Society Symposium, v. 2005, no. 47, p. 361-407.","startPage":"361","endPage":"407","numberOfPages":"47","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238186,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2005","issue":"47","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0825e4b0c8380cd519cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cuffney, T. F.","contributorId":108134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cuffney","given":"T. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zappia, H.","contributorId":94474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zappia","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Giddings, E.M.P.","contributorId":36348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giddings","given":"E.M.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Coles, J.F.","contributorId":80257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coles","given":"J.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70027346,"text":"70027346 - 2005 - ASTER DEM performance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-10T13:00:20","indexId":"70027346","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1944,"text":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"ASTER DEM performance","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) instrument onboard the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Terra spacecraft has an along-track stereoscopic capability using its a near-infrared spectral band to acquire the stereo data. ASTER has two telescopes, one for nadir-viewing and another for backward-viewing, with a base-to-height ratio of 0.6. The spatial resolution is 15 m in the horizontal plane. Parameters such as the line-of-sight vectors and the pointing axis were adjusted during the initial operation period to generate Level-1 data products with a high-quality stereo system performance. The evaluation of the digital elevation model (DEM) data was carried out both by Japanese and U.S. science teams separately using different DEM generation software and reference databases. The vertical accuracy of the DEM data generated from the Level-1A data is 20 m with 95% confidence without ground control point (GCP) correction for individual scenes. Geolocation accuracy that is important for the DEM datasets is better than 50 m. This appears to be limited by the spacecraft position accuracy. In addition, a slight increase in accuracy is observed by using GCPs to generate the stereo data.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/TGRS.2005.847924","issn":"01962892","usgsCitation":"Fujisada, H., Bailey, G., Kelly, G.G., Hara, S., and Abrams, M.J., 2005, ASTER DEM performance: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, v. 43, no. 12, p. 2707-2713, https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2005.847924.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"2707","endPage":"2713","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235108,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208970,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2005.847924"}],"volume":"43","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e638e4b0c8380cd4726b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fujisada, H.","contributorId":37906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fujisada","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bailey, G. B.","contributorId":105041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"G. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kelly, Glen G.","contributorId":90916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"Glen","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hara, S.","contributorId":50699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hara","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Abrams, M. J.","contributorId":29859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abrams","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70027352,"text":"70027352 - 2005 - Fault-dominated deformation in an ice dam during annual filling and drainage of a marginal lake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-12T20:22:09","indexId":"70027352","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":794,"text":"Annals of Glaciology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fault-dominated deformation in an ice dam during annual filling and drainage of a marginal lake","docAbstract":"Ice-dammed Hidden Creek Lake, Alaska, USA, outbursts annually in about 2-3 days. As the lake fills, a wedge of water penetrates beneath the glacier, and the surface of this 'ice dam' rises; the surface then falls as the lake drains. Detailed optical surveying of the glacier near the lake allows characterization of ice-dam deformation. Surface uplift rate is close to the rate of lake-level rise within about 400 m of the lake, then decreases by 90% over about 100 m. Such a steep gradient in uplift rate cannot be explained in terms of ice-dam flexure. Moreover, survey targets spanning the zone of steep uplift gradient move relative to one another in a nearly reversible fashion as the lake fills and drains. Evidently, the zone of steep uplift gradient is a fault zone, with the faults penetrating the entire thickness of the ice dam. Fault motion is in a reverse sense as the lake fills, but in a normal sense as the lake drains. As the overall fault pattern is the same from year to year, even though ice is lost by calving, the faults must be regularly regenerated, probably by linkage of surface and bottom crevasses as ice is advected toward the lake basin.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Annals of Glaciology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3189/172756405781813456","issn":"02603055","usgsCitation":"Walder, J.S., Trabant, D., Cunico, M., Anderson, S., Anderson, R., Fountain, A.G., and Malm, A., 2005, Fault-dominated deformation in an ice dam during annual filling and drainage of a marginal lake: Annals of Glaciology, v. 40, p. 174-178, https://doi.org/10.3189/172756405781813456.","startPage":"174","endPage":"178","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235206,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269196,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756405781813456"}],"volume":"40","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-09-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f1fe4b0c8380cd537a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walder, J. S.","contributorId":32561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walder","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trabant, D.C.","contributorId":42209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trabant","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cunico, M.","contributorId":82905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunico","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson, S.P.","contributorId":59600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anderson, R. Scott","contributorId":6983,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"R. Scott","affiliations":[{"id":7034,"text":"School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sustainability at Northern Arizona University, in Flagstaff","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":413294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fountain, A. G.","contributorId":29815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fountain","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Malm, A.","contributorId":17021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malm","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70027382,"text":"70027382 - 2005 - Edge and area effects on the occurrence of migrant forest songbirds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:19","indexId":"70027382","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Edge and area effects on the occurrence of migrant forest songbirds","docAbstract":"Concerns about forest fragmentation and its conservation implications have motivated numerous studies that investigate the influence of forest patch area and forest edge on songbird distribution patterns. The generalized effects of forest patch size and forest edge on animal distributions is still debatable because forest patch size and forest edge are often confounded and because of an incomplete synthesis of available data. To fill a portion of this gap, we incorporated all available published data (33 papers) in meta-analyses of forest edge and area effects on site occupancy patterns for 26 Neotropical migrant forest-nesting songbirds in eastern North America. All reported area effects are confounded or potentially confounded by edge effects, and we refer to these as \"confounded\" studies. The converse, however, is not true and most reported edge effects are independent of patch area. When considering only nonconfounded studies of edge effects, only 1 of 17 species showed significant edge avoidance and 3 had significant affinity for edges. In confounded studies, 12 of 22 species showed significant avoidance of small patches and edges, and 1 had an affinity for small patches and edges. Furthermore, average effect sizes averaged across studies or species tended to be higher for confounded studies than for edge studies. We discuss three possible reasons for differences in results between these two groups of studies. First, studies of edge effects tended to be carried out in landscapes with greater forest cover than studies of confounded effects; among confounded effects studies, as forest cover increased, we observed a nonsignificant trend towards decreasing strength of small patch or edge avoidance effects. Thus, the weaker effects in edge studies may be due to the fact that these studies were conducted in forest-dominated landscapes. Second, we may have detected strong effects only in confounded studies because area effects are much stronger than edge effects on bird occurrence, and area effects drive the results in confounded studies. Third, edge and area effects may interact in such a way that edge effects become more important as forest patch size decreases; thus, both edge and area effects are responsible for results in confounded studies. These three explanations cannot be adequately separated with existing data. Regardless, it is clear that fragmentation of forests into small patches is detrimental to many migrant songbird species. ??2005 Society for Conservation Biology.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00107.x","issn":"08888892","usgsCitation":"Parker, T., Stansberry, B., Becker, C., and Gipson, P.S., 2005, Edge and area effects on the occurrence of migrant forest songbirds: Conservation Biology, v. 19, no. 4, p. 1157-1167, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00107.x.","startPage":"1157","endPage":"1167","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238520,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211259,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00107.x"}],"volume":"19","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-07-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a05a8e4b0c8380cd50ec1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parker, T.H.","contributorId":55636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"T.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stansberry, B.M.","contributorId":62406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stansberry","given":"B.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Becker, C.D.","contributorId":19773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Becker","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gipson, P. S.","contributorId":70136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gipson","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70027693,"text":"70027693 - 2005 - Tracing water and suspended matter in Raritan and Lower New York Bays using dissolved and particulate elemental concentrations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-30T13:15:21","indexId":"70027693","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2662,"text":"Marine Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tracing water and suspended matter in Raritan and Lower New York Bays using dissolved and particulate elemental concentrations","docAbstract":"<p id=\"\">Geochemical tracers were used to examine the mixing of water and particles in Lower New York and Raritan Bays in August 1999 during low-flow conditions. Four brackish water masses (20&nbsp;&le;&nbsp;<i>S</i>&nbsp;&le;&nbsp;28) originating in the Raritan and Shrewsbury Rivers, Arthur Kill, and Upper New York Bay were characterized by their dissolved metals concentrations. The mixing lines of dissolved Cu, Ni, and Pb in Lower New York Bay were similar to those in Upper New York Bay, the source of most of the freshwater to the system. Dissolved Cd and Mn seemed to have been removed by particles in several regions of the study. Dissolved Cu, Ni and Pb in the Raritan River fell below the mixing lines of the Lower New York Bay. In contrast, the concentrations of dissolved Co and Mn in the Raritan River were distinctly higher than those in the Lower New York Bay, while dissolved Cu and Ni were elevated in the Arthur Kill. A plot of dissolved Co versus dissolved Ni clearly differentiated among three water masses: (1) Upper and Lower New York Bays and Sandy Hood Bay, (2) the Raritan River, and (3) Arthur Kill&ndash;Raritan Bay&ndash;Shrewsbury River.</p>\n<p id=\"\">The concentrations of 22 elements also were measured in the suspended matter of Raritan and Lower New York Bays and brackish water sources. The elemental composition of the suspended matter in surface and bottom waters was correlated with Fe concentrations, which ranged between 50 and 900 &mu;mol g<sup>&minus;&nbsp;1</sup>. Statistical differences among the geographical regions were detected in the relationships of Ti, Ni, Co, As, and U with Fe, with particulate As being an especially strong geochemical indicator of Raritan River particles. The geochemical signatures of Lower New York Bay particles were similar to those of Upper New York Bay. The geochemical signatures of Raritan River particles were distinctly different than those of the Upper New York Bay, but the influence of Raritan River particles appeared to be limited to only inner Raritan Bay. This study illustrates the utility of trace elements for characterization of physical processes in complex estuaries.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marchem.2005.01.007","issn":"03044203","usgsCitation":"Paulson, A., 2005, Tracing water and suspended matter in Raritan and Lower New York Bays using dissolved and particulate elemental concentrations: Marine Chemistry, v. 97, no. 1-2, p. 60-77, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2005.01.007.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"60","endPage":"77","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238137,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211003,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2005.01.007"}],"volume":"97","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb69be4b08c986b326d8d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paulson, A.J. apaulson@usgs.gov","contributorId":89617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paulson","given":"A.J.","email":"apaulson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70027570,"text":"70027570 - 2005 - Maximum known floodflows in Mississippi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:48","indexId":"70027570","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Maximum known floodflows in Mississippi","docAbstract":"Maximum floodflows (stream discharges) that are known to have occurred on Mississippi streams were compiled. Most data were collected and archived by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with Federal, State, and local agencies; however, some data were collected and provided by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Maximum known discharges are plotted with drainage area and compared to an envelope curve derived from maximum known discharges at sites throughout the conterminous United States. This paper presents the maximum flood known to have occurred at a given gaged site, where stage and discharge measurements were obtained to determine the peak discharge, or at an ungaged site, where a flood was thought to be significant enough that an indirect measurement was computed to estimate the peak discharge.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 2005 Watershed Management Conference - Managing Watersheds for Human and Natural Impacts: Engineering, Ecological, and Economic Challenges","conferenceTitle":"2005 Watershed Management Conference - Managing Watersheds for Human and Natural Impacts: Engineering, Ecological, and Economic Challenges","conferenceDate":"19 July 2005 through 22 July 2005","conferenceLocation":"Williamsburg, VA","language":"English","isbn":"0784407630","usgsCitation":"Van Wilson, K., 2005, Maximum known floodflows in Mississippi, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the 2005 Watershed Management Conference - Managing Watersheds for Human and Natural Impacts: Engineering, Ecological, and Economic Challenges, Williamsburg, VA, 19 July 2005 through 22 July 2005.","startPage":"1279","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237948,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a529ce4b0c8380cd6c54c","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Moglen G.E.","contributorId":128404,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Moglen G.E.","id":536620,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Van Wilson, K. Jr.","contributorId":62403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Wilson","given":"K.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70027608,"text":"70027608 - 2005 - A comparison of hydrographically and optically derived mixed layer depths","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:49","indexId":"70027608","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2315,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comparison of hydrographically and optically derived mixed layer depths","docAbstract":"Efforts to understand and model the dynamics of the upper ocean would be significantly advanced given the ability to rapidly determine mixed layer depths (MLDs) over large regions. Remote sensing technologies are an ideal choice for achieving this goal. This study addresses the feasibility of estimating MLDs from optical properties. These properties are strongly influenced by suspended particle concentrations, which generally reach a maximum at pycnoclines. The premise therefore is to use a gradient in beam attenuation at 660 nm (c660) as a proxy for the depth of a particle-scattering layer. Using a global data set collected during World Ocean Circulation Experiment cruises from 1988-1997, six algorithms were employed to compute MLDs from either density or temperature profiles. Given the absence of published optically based MLD algorithms, two new methods were developed that use c660 profiles to estimate the MLD. Intercomparison of the six hydrographically based algorithms revealed some significant disparities among the resulting MLD values. Comparisons between the hydrographical and optical approaches indicated a first-order agreement between the MLDs based on the depths of gradient maxima for density and c660. When comparing various hydrographically based algorithms, other investigators reported that inherent fluctuations of the mixed layer depth limit the accuracy of its determination to 20 m. Using this benchmark, we found a ???70% agreement between the best hydrographical-optical algorithm pairings. Copyright 2005 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2004JC002417","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Zawada, D., Zaneveld, J., Boss, E., Gardner, W., Richardson, M., and Mishonov, A., 2005, A comparison of hydrographically and optically derived mixed layer depths: Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans, v. 110, no. 11, p. 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JC002417.","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477957,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2004jc002417","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":210906,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004JC002417"},{"id":237986,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"110","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e35be4b0c8380cd45fca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zawada, D.G.","contributorId":8938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zawada","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zaneveld, J.R.V.","contributorId":22137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zaneveld","given":"J.R.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boss, E.","contributorId":59544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boss","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gardner, W.D.","contributorId":35880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"W.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Richardson, M.J.","contributorId":30763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richardson","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mishonov, A.V.","contributorId":101868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mishonov","given":"A.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70027609,"text":"70027609 - 2005 - The historical development of the magnetic method in exploration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-16T04:55:27","indexId":"70027609","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1808,"text":"Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The historical development of the magnetic method in exploration","docAbstract":"<p>The magnetic method, perhaps the oldest of geophysical exploration techniques, blossomed after the advent of airborne surveys in World War II. With improvements in instrumentation, navigation, and platform compensation, it is now possible to map the entire crustal section at a variety of scales, from strongly magnetic basement at regional scale to weakly magnetic sedimentary contacts at local scale. Methods of data filtering, display, and interpretation have also advanced, especially with the availability of low-cost, high-performance personal computers and color raster graphics. The magnetic method is the primary exploration tool in the search for minerals. In other arenas, the magnetic method has evolved from its sole use for mapping basement structure to include a wide range of new applications, such as locating intrasedimentary faults, defining subtle lithologic contacts, mapping salt domes in weakly magnetic sediments, and better defining targets through 3D inversion. These new applications have increased the method's utility in all realms of exploration - in the search for minerals, oil and gas, geothermal resources, and groundwater, and for a variety of other purposes such as natural hazards assessment, mapping impact structures, and engineering and environmental studies.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/1.2133784","issn":"00168033","usgsCitation":"Nabighian, M., Grauch, V.J., Hansen, R.O., LaFehr, T., Li, Y., Peirce, J., Phillips, J., and Ruder, M., 2005, The historical development of the magnetic method in exploration: Geophysics, v. 70, no. 6, p. 33ND-61ND, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.2133784.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"33ND","endPage":"61ND","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237987,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bacbae4b08c986b3236ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nabighian, M.N.","contributorId":62724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nabighian","given":"M.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grauch, V. J. S. 0000-0002-0761-3489","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0761-3489","contributorId":34125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"J. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hansen, R. O.","contributorId":29201,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hansen","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"LaFehr, T.R.","contributorId":16641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaFehr","given":"T.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Li, Y.","contributorId":41394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Peirce, J.W.","contributorId":21756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peirce","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Phillips, J. D. 0000-0002-6459-2821","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6459-2821","contributorId":22366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"J. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ruder, M.E.","contributorId":55634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruder","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70027353,"text":"70027353 - 2005 - Rapid differentiation of refined fuels using negative electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:34","indexId":"70027353","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Rapid differentiation of refined fuels using negative electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry","docAbstract":"Negative electrospray ionization/MS enabled rapid, specific, and selective screening for unique polar components at parts per million concentrations in commercial hydrocarbon products without extensive sample preparation, separation, chromatography, or quantitation. Commercial fuel types were analyzed with this method, including kerosene, jet fuel, white gas, charcoal lighter fluid, on-road and off-road diesel fuels, and various grades and brands of gasolines. The different types of fuels produced unique and relatively simple spectra. These analyses were then applied to hydrocarbon samples from a large, long-term fuel spill. Although the alkane, isoprenoid, and alkylcyclohexane portions began to biodegrade or weather, the polar components in these samples remained relatively unchanged. The type of fuel involved was readily identified by negative electrospray ionization/MS. This is an abstract of a paper presented at the 230th ACS National Meeting (Washington, DC 8/28/2005-9/1/2005).","largerWorkTitle":"ACS National Meeting Book of Abstracts","conferenceTitle":"230th ACS National Meeting","conferenceDate":"28 August 2005 through 1 September 2005","conferenceLocation":"Washington, DC","language":"English","issn":"00657727","usgsCitation":"Rostad, C., and Hostettler, F., 2005, Rapid differentiation of refined fuels using negative electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry, <i>in</i> ACS National Meeting Book of Abstracts, v. 230, Washington, DC, 28 August 2005 through 1 September 2005.","numberOfPages":"1","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235207,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"230","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a94d5e4b0c8380cd81647","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rostad, C.E.","contributorId":50939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostad","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hostettler, F. D.","contributorId":99563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostettler","given":"F. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70027393,"text":"70027393 - 2005 - Insider censoring: Distortion of data with nondetects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:47","indexId":"70027393","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1913,"text":"Human and Ecological Risk Assessment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Insider censoring: Distortion of data with nondetects","docAbstract":"Environmental data often include low-level concentrations below reporting limits. These data may be reported as \"<RL,\" where RL is one of several types of reporting limits. Some values also may be reported as a single number, but flagged with a qualifier (J-values) to indicate a difference in precision as compared to values above the RL. A currently used method for reporting censored environmental data called \"insider censoring\" produces a strong upward bias, while also distorting the shape of the data distribution. This results in inaccurate estimates of summary statistics and regression coefficients, distorts evaluations of whether data follow a normal distribution, and introduces inaccuracies into risk assessments and models. Insider censoring occurs when data measured as below the detection limit (<DL) are reported as less than the higher quantitation limit (<QL), whereas values between the DL and QL are reported as individual numbers. Three unbiased alternatives to insider censoring are presented so that laboratories and their data users can recognize, and remedy, this problem.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Human and Ecological Risk Assessment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1080/10807030500278586","issn":"10807039","usgsCitation":"Helsel, D., 2005, Insider censoring: Distortion of data with nondetects: Human and Ecological Risk Assessment, v. 11, no. 6, p. 1127-1137, https://doi.org/10.1080/10807030500278586.","startPage":"1127","endPage":"1137","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210992,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10807030500278586"},{"id":238120,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3c1ee4b0c8380cd62a9d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Helsel, D.R.","contributorId":57448,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Helsel","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7242,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison, WI, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":413470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70027657,"text":"70027657 - 2005 - Coastal foredune displacement and recovery, Barrett Beach-Talisman, Fire Island, New York, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:49","indexId":"70027657","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3804,"text":"Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie, Supplementband","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coastal foredune displacement and recovery, Barrett Beach-Talisman, Fire Island, New York, USA","docAbstract":"Coastal foredune mobility has been tracked at Fire Island National Seashore since 1976 with annual field surveys and analysis of frequent aerial photography. Sequential mapping of the foredune crestline depicts nearly islandwide displacement during major storm events, such as in 1992, and localized displacement during alongshore passage of inshore circulation cells during other years. An instance of localized landward erosion and curvilinear displacement along approximately 400 m of foredune occurred in 1994, followed by recovery over the next nine years. Data from annual surveys and partially supported by four LIDAR flights establish that volume recovery rates in the foredune ranged from about 1.0 m3/m/yr to nearly 12.0 m 3/m/yr. Analysis of the foredune morphology and location shows nearly complete recovery of foredune shape and dimension during this interval and it also demonstrates that there has been inland displacement of the foredune crestline of up to 40 m. Total volume recovery within the localized foredune erosion site was greatest, between 34 m3/m to 47 m3/m, in areas of greatest displacement and eventually contributed to creation of a foredune of similar dimension along the entire eroded zone. This process of erosion and recovery describes a mechanism for foredune dimension retention during episodic erosion and displacement and may be a model for foredune persistence accompanying barrier island migration. ?? 2005 Gebru??der Borntraeger.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie, Supplementband","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00442798","usgsCitation":"Psuty, N., Pace, J., and Allen, J., 2005, Coastal foredune displacement and recovery, Barrett Beach-Talisman, Fire Island, New York, USA: Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie, Supplementband, v. 141, p. 153-168.","startPage":"153","endPage":"168","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238204,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"141","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f782e4b0c8380cd4cb5d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Psuty, N.P.","contributorId":58742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Psuty","given":"N.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pace, J.P.","contributorId":18883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pace","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allen, J.R.","contributorId":16955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70027392,"text":"70027392 - 2005 - Comparison of sediment grain size characteristics on nourished and un-nourished estuarine beaches and impacts on horseshoe crab habitat, Delaware Bay, New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:47","indexId":"70027392","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3804,"text":"Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie, Supplementband","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of sediment grain size characteristics on nourished and un-nourished estuarine beaches and impacts on horseshoe crab habitat, Delaware Bay, New Jersey","docAbstract":"This study was undertaken to determine whether nourished and un-nourished estuarine beaches have conspicuous differences in sediment size and sorting that could affect their value as habitat for horseshoe crabs. Comparisons are made of beach profiles and sediment samples gathered at 0.15 m and 0.30 m depths on the backshore, at spring tide elevation, neap tide elevation, and the lower foreshore on 5 un-nourished and 3 nourished beaches in Delaware Bay, where tidal range is <2.0 m. The backshore is at least 0.5 m higher on the recently nourished beaches than on a nearby un-nourished beach reworked by storm waves. Nourishing these beaches to elevations higher than natural overwash heights will restrict natural evolution of the upper beach. Sediments at spring tide elevation on un-nourished sites average 0.72 mm in diameter at 0.15 m depth and 0.67 mm at 0.30 m depth.The similarity in size implies a relatively deep active layer in the zone of maximum cut and fill associated with cyclic profile change during low frequency, high magnitude storms. Sedimentary changes at neap tide elevation may be influenced more by depth of activation by waves than by cycles of deposition and erosion. Sediment at 0.15 m depth at spring and neap locations on the foreshore of nourished beaches is finer (0.51 mm) and better sorted (0.82 phi) than at 0.30 m depth (0.91 mm, 1.38 phi), implying that waves have not reworked the deeper sediments. Differences in sediment characteristics at depth may persist on eroding nourished beaches, where unreworked fill is close to the surface. Sediment texture influences horseshoe crab egg viability and development. Lower rates of water movement through the foreshore and greater thickness of the capillary fringe on nourished sites suggests that greater moisture retention will occur where horseshoe crabs bury eggs and may provide more favorable conditions for egg development, but the depth of these conditions will not be great on a recently nourished beach. ?? 2005 Gebru??der Borntraeger.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie, Supplementband","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00442798","usgsCitation":"Jackson, N., Smith, D., and Nordstrom, K., 2005, Comparison of sediment grain size characteristics on nourished and un-nourished estuarine beaches and impacts on horseshoe crab habitat, Delaware Bay, New Jersey: Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie, Supplementband, v. 141, p. 31-45.","startPage":"31","endPage":"45","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238119,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"141","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f88ae4b0c8380cd4d18b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jackson, N.L.","contributorId":104189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"N.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, D. R. 0000-0001-6074-9257","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6074-9257","contributorId":44108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"D. R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":413468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nordstrom, K.F.","contributorId":17733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"K.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70027568,"text":"70027568 - 2005 - NO news is no new news","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:16","indexId":"70027568","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3370,"text":"Seed Science Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"NO news is no new news","docAbstract":"In the paper 'NO News', Preston et al. (2004) make a number of erroneous assumptions regarding nitrogen oxide chemistry. These authors also present some very significant misinterpretations of previous research into the effects of various nitrogen oxides on germination of post-fire followers. Methodological differences between the study by Preston et al. (2004) and previous work are also problematic, such as using NO-donors in solution versus the use of direct application of various nitrogen oxides in the gaseous phase. A closer review of these studies, with the proper understanding of nitrogen oxide chemistry, and interpretations of the available literature, would lead to the conclusion that, contrary to the authors' assertions, the Preston et al. (2004) study supports, rather than refutes, earlier findings by Keeley and Fotheringham (1997, 1998a, b, 2000). ?? CAB International 2005.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Seed Science Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1079/SSR2005227","issn":"09602585","usgsCitation":"Fotheringham, C.J., and Keeley, J., 2005, NO news is no new news: Seed Science Research, v. 15, no. 4, p. 367-371, https://doi.org/10.1079/SSR2005227.","startPage":"367","endPage":"371","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477763,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1079/ssr2005227","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":211243,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1079/SSR2005227"},{"id":238495,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-02-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a614ae4b0c8380cd718cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fotheringham, C. J.","contributorId":63334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fotheringham","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":69082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70027364,"text":"70027364 - 2005 - The presence and near-shore transport of human fecal pollution in Lake Michigan beaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:46","indexId":"70027364","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The presence and near-shore transport of human fecal pollution in Lake Michigan beaches","docAbstract":"The Great Lakes are a source of water for municipal, agricultural and industrial use, and support significant recreation, commercial and sport fishing industries. Every year millions of people visit the 500 plus recreational beaches in the Great Lakes. An increasing public health risk has been suggested with increased evidence of fecal contamination at the shoreline. To investigate the transport and fate of fecal pollution at Great Lakes beaches and the health risk associated with swimming at these beaches, the near-shore waters of Mt Baldy Beach, Lake Michigan and Trail Creek, a tributary discharging into the lake were examined for fecal pollution indicators. A model of surf zone hydrodynamics coupled with a transport model with first-order inactivation of pollutant was used to understand the relative importance of different processes operating in the surf zone (e.g. physical versus biological processes). The Enterococcus human fecal pollution marker, which targets a putative virulence factor, the enterococcal surface protein (esp) in Enterococcus faecium, was detected in 2/28 samples (7%) from the tributaries draining into Lake Michigan and in 6/30 samples (20%) from Lake Michigan beaches. Preliminary analysis suggests that the majority of fecal indicator bactateria variation and water quality changes at the beaches can be explained by inputs from the influential stream and hydrometeorological conditions. Using modeling methods to predict impaired water quality may help reduce potential health threats to recreational visitors.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of MTS/IEEE OCEANS, 2005","conferenceTitle":"MTS/IEEE OCEANS, 2005","conferenceDate":"18 September 2005 through 23 September 2005","conferenceLocation":"Washington, DC","language":"English","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2005.1639995","isbn":"0933957343; 9780933957343","usgsCitation":"Molloy, S., Liu, L., Phanikumar, M., Jenkins, T., Wong, M., Rose, J., Whitman, R., Shively, D., and Nevers, M., 2005, The presence and near-shore transport of human fecal pollution in Lake Michigan beaches, <i>in</i> Proceedings of MTS/IEEE OCEANS, 2005, v. 2005, Washington, DC, 18 September 2005 through 23 September 2005, https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2005.1639995.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211081,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2005.1639995"},{"id":238254,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2005","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baec9e4b08c986b324337","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Molloy, S.L.","contributorId":51527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Molloy","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, L.B.","contributorId":62404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"L.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Phanikumar, M.S.","contributorId":83328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phanikumar","given":"M.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jenkins, T.M.","contributorId":77357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wong, M.V.","contributorId":16645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wong","given":"M.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rose, J.B.","contributorId":60825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Whitman, R.L.","contributorId":69750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitman","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Shively, D.A.","contributorId":78123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shively","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Nevers, M.B.","contributorId":13787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nevers","given":"M.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70027632,"text":"70027632 - 2005 - The implications of low-affinity AhR for TCDD insensitivity in frogs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:17","indexId":"70027632","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3608,"text":"Toxicological Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The implications of low-affinity AhR for TCDD insensitivity in frogs","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Toxicological Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1093/toxsci/kfi321","issn":"10966080","usgsCitation":"Elskus, A., 2005, The implications of low-affinity AhR for TCDD insensitivity in frogs: Toxicological Sciences, v. 88, no. 1, p. 1-3, https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfi321.","startPage":"1","endPage":"3","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487548,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfi321","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":211170,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfi321"},{"id":238384,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bacf1e4b08c986b32386b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elskus, A.A.","contributorId":76932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elskus","given":"A.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70027417,"text":"70027417 - 2005 - Thermal infrared and visual observations of a water ice lag in the Mars southern summer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-19T10:03:03","indexId":"70027417","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thermal infrared and visual observations of a water ice lag in the Mars southern summer","docAbstract":"<p><span>We present thermal infrared and visual evidence for the existence of water ice lags in the early southern summer. The observed H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O‐ice lags lay in and near a chasma and appears to survive between 6–8 sols past the sublimation of the CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>. Possible sources of the H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O that compose the lag are (1) atmospheric H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O that is incorporated into the seasonal cap during condensation, (2) cold trapping of atmospheric water vapor onto the surface of the cap in the spring, or (3) a combination of the 2 processes where water is released from the sublimating cap only to be transported back over the cap edge and cold trapped. We refer to this later process as the “Houben” effect which may enrich the amount of water contained in the seasonal cap at 85°S by as much as a factor of 15. This phenomenon, which has already been identified for the northern retreating cap, may present an important water transport mechanism in the Southern Hemisphere.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2005GL024211","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Titus, T.N., 2005, Thermal infrared and visual observations of a water ice lag in the Mars southern summer: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 32, no. 24, p. 1-4, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GL024211.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"4","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489881,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2005gl024211","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":238445,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"32","issue":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-12-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb22ae4b08c986b325637","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Titus, Timothy N. 0000-0003-0700-4875 ttitus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0700-4875","contributorId":146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Titus","given":"Timothy","email":"ttitus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":413553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70027580,"text":"70027580 - 2005 - Data collection and documentation of flooding downstream of a dam failure in Mississippi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:48","indexId":"70027580","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Data collection and documentation of flooding downstream of a dam failure in Mississippi","docAbstract":"On March 12, 2004, the Big Bay Lake dam failed, releasing water and affecting lives and property downstream in southern Mississippi. The dam is located near Purvis, Mississippi, on Bay Creek, which flows into Lower Little Creek about 1.9 miles downstream from the dam. Lower Little Creek flows into Pearl River about 16.9 miles downstream from the dam. Knowledge of the hydrology and hydraulics of floods caused by dam breaks is essential to the design of dams. A better understanding of the risks associated with possible dam failures may help limit the loss of life and property that often occurs downstream of a dam failure. The USGS recovered flood marks at the one crossing of Bay Creek and eight crossings of Lower Little Creek. Additional flood marks were also flagged at three other bridges crossing tributaries where backwater occurred. Flood marks were recovered throughout the stream reach of about 3/4 to 15 miles downstream of the dam. Flood marks that were flagged will be surveyed so that a flood profile can be documented downstream of the Big Bay Lake dam failure. Peak discharges are also to be estimated where possible. News reports stated that the peak discharge at the dam was about 67,000 cubic feet per second. Preliminary data suggest the peak discharge from the dam failure attenuated to about 13,000 cubic feet per second at Lower Little Creek at State Highway 43, about 15 miles downstream of the dam.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 2005 Watershed Management Conference - Managing Watersheds for Human and Natural Impacts: Engineering, Ecological, and Economic Challenges","conferenceTitle":"2005 Watershed Management Conference - Managing Watersheds for Human and Natural Impacts: Engineering, Ecological, and Economic Challenges","conferenceDate":"19 July 2005 through 22 July 2005","conferenceLocation":"Williamsburg, VA","language":"English","isbn":"0784407630","usgsCitation":"Van Wilson, K., 2005, Data collection and documentation of flooding downstream of a dam failure in Mississippi, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the 2005 Watershed Management Conference - Managing Watersheds for Human and Natural Impacts: Engineering, Ecological, and Economic Challenges, Williamsburg, VA, 19 July 2005 through 22 July 2005.","startPage":"1277","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238092,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd6ee4b0c8380cd4e81f","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Moglen G.E.","contributorId":128404,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Moglen G.E.","id":536622,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Van Wilson, K. Jr.","contributorId":62403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Wilson","given":"K.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70027662,"text":"70027662 - 2005 - How much is enough? The recurrent problem of setting measurable objectives in conservation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-07T16:40:15.42056","indexId":"70027662","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":997,"text":"BioScience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"How much is enough? The recurrent problem of setting measurable objectives in conservation","docAbstract":"<p><span>International agreements, environmental laws, resource management agencies, and environmental nongovernmental organizations all establish objectives that define what they hope to accomplish. Unfortunately, quantitative objectives in conservation are typically set without consistency and scientific rigor. As a result, conservationists are failing to provide credible answers to the question “How much is enough?” This is a serious problem because objectives profoundly shape where and how limited conservation resources are spent, and help to create a shared vision for the future. In this article we develop guidelines to help steer conservation biologists and practitioners through the process of objective setting. We provide three case studies to highlight the practical challenges of objective setting in different social, political, and legal contexts. We also identify crucial gaps in our science, including limited knowledge of species distributions and of large-scale, long-term ecosystem dynamics, that must be filled if we hope to do better than setting conservation objectives through intuition and best guesses.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1641/0006-3568(2005)055[0835:HMIETR]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Tear, T., Kareiva, P., Angermeier, P.L., Comer, P., Czech, B., Kautz, R., Landon, L., Mehlman, D., Murphy, K., Ruckelshaus, M., Scott, J.M., and Wilhere, G., 2005, How much is enough? The recurrent problem of setting measurable objectives in conservation: BioScience, v. 55, no. 10, p. 835-849, https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2005)055[0835:HMIETR]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"835","endPage":"849","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477772,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2005)055[0835:hmietr]2.0.co;2","text":"External Repository"},{"id":238308,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3250e4b0c8380cd5e6e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tear, Timothy","contributorId":139999,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tear","given":"Timothy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13347,"text":"Grumeti Fund","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":414628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kareiva, Peter","contributorId":58160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kareiva","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Angermeier, Paul L. 0000-0003-2864-170X biota@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2864-170X","contributorId":166679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angermeier","given":"Paul","email":"biota@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":414617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Comer, P.","contributorId":67281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Comer","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Czech, Brian","contributorId":171448,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Czech","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kautz, R.","contributorId":32726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kautz","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Landon, L.","contributorId":26508,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Landon","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Mehlman, D.","contributorId":93270,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mehlman","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Murphy, K.","contributorId":89865,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murphy","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Ruckelshaus, M.","contributorId":6808,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruckelshaus","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Scott, J. Michael","contributorId":98877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Wilhere, G.","contributorId":47572,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilhere","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70027631,"text":"70027631 - 2005 - Volcán Popocatépetl, Mexico. Petrology, magma mixing, and immediate sources of volatiles for the 1994- Present eruption","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-13T15:07:26","indexId":"70027631","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2420,"text":"Journal of Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Volcán Popocatépetl, Mexico. Petrology, magma mixing, and immediate sources of volatiles for the 1994- Present eruption","docAbstract":"<p><span>Volcán Popocatépetl has been the site of voluminous degassing accompanied by minor eruptive activity from late 1994 until the time of writing (August 2002). This contribution presents petrological investigations of magma erupted in 1997 and 1998, including major-element and volatile (S, Cl, F, and H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O) data from glass inclusions and matrix glasses. Magma erupted from Popocatépetl is a mixture of dacite (65 wt % SiO</span><sub>2</sub><span>, two-pyroxenes + plagioclase + Fe–Ti oxides + apatite, ∼3 wt % H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O,&nbsp;</span><i>P</i><span>&nbsp;= 1·5 kbar,&nbsp;</span><i>f</i><sub><i>O</i>2</sub><span>&nbsp;= ΔNNO + 0·5 log units) and basaltic andesite (53 wt % SiO</span><sub>2</sub><span>, olivine + two-pyroxenes, ∼3 wt % H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O,&nbsp;</span><i>P</i><span>&nbsp;= 1–4 kbar). Magma mixed at 4–6 km depth in proportions between 45:55 and 85:15 wt % silicic:mafic magma. The pre-eruptive volatile content of the basaltic andesite is 1980 ppm S, 1060 ppm Cl, 950 ppm F, and 3·3 wt % H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O. The pre-eruptive volatile content of the dacite is 130 ± 50 ppm S, 880 ± 70 ppm Cl, 570 ± 100 ppm F, and 2·9 ± 0·2 wt % H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O. Degassing from 0·031 km</span><sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;of erupted magma accounts for only 0·7 wt % of the observed SO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;emission. Circulation of magma in the volcanic conduit in the presence of a modest bubble phase is a possible mechanism to explain the high rates of degassing and limited magma production at Popocatépetl.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Journals","doi":"10.1093/petrology/egi058","issn":"00223530","usgsCitation":"Witter, J., Kress, V., and Newhall, C.G., 2005, Volcán Popocatépetl, Mexico. Petrology, magma mixing, and immediate sources of volatiles for the 1994- Present eruption: Journal of Petrology, v. 46, no. 11, p. 2337-2366, https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egi058.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"2337","endPage":"2366","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477961,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egi058","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":238383,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211169,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egi058"}],"volume":"46","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-07-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc2d1e4b08c986b32ada9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Witter, J.B.","contributorId":29610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witter","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kress, V.C.","contributorId":53157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kress","given":"V.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Newhall, C. G.","contributorId":93056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newhall","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70027365,"text":"70027365 - 2005 - Adsorption in single-walled carbon nanotubes by experiments and molecular simulation II: Effect of morphology and temperature on organic adsorption","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:46","indexId":"70027365","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Adsorption in single-walled carbon nanotubes by experiments and molecular simulation II: Effect of morphology and temperature on organic adsorption","docAbstract":"Hexane adsorption on single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) bundles was studied. Hexane adsorption capacities of two purified SWNT samples was gravimetrically determined at isothermal conditions of 25??, 37??, and 50??C for 10-4 < p/po < 0.9, where p/po is hexane vapor pressure relative to its saturation pressure. Simulation of hexane adsorption under similar temperature and pressure conditions were performed on the external and internal sites of nanotube bundles of diameters same as those in experimental samples. The simulations could predict isotherms for a hypothetical scenario where all nanotubes in a sample would be open. This is an abstract of a paper presented at the AIChE Annual Meeting and Fall Showcase (Cincinnati, OH 10/30/2005-11/4/2005).","largerWorkTitle":"AIChE Annual Meeting Conference Proceedings","conferenceTitle":"05AIChE: 2005 AIChE Annual Meeting and Fall Showcase","conferenceDate":"30 October 2005 through 4 November 2005","conferenceLocation":"Cincinnati, OH","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Agnihotri, S., Rostam-Abadi, M., Mota, J., and Rood, M., 2005, Adsorption in single-walled carbon nanotubes by experiments and molecular simulation II: Effect of morphology and temperature on organic adsorption, <i>in</i> AIChE Annual Meeting Conference Proceedings, v. 2005, Cincinnati, OH, 30 October 2005 through 4 November 2005.","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238255,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2005","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e6fce4b0c8380cd47783","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Agnihotri, S.","contributorId":19344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Agnihotri","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rostam-Abadi, M.","contributorId":37061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostam-Abadi","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mota, J.P.B.","contributorId":18937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mota","given":"J.P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rood, M.J.","contributorId":15354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rood","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70027416,"text":"70027416 - 2005 - Potential for calibration of geostationary meteorological satellite imagers using the Moon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:15","indexId":"70027416","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Potential for calibration of geostationary meteorological satellite imagers using the Moon","docAbstract":"Solar-band imagery from geostationary meteorological satellites has been utilized in a number of important applications in Earth Science that require radiometric calibration. Because these satellite systems typically lack on-board calibrators, various techniques have been employed to establish \"ground truth\", including observations of stable ground sites and oceans, and cross-calibrating with coincident observations made by instruments with on-board calibration systems. The Moon appears regularly in the margins and corners of full-disk operational images of the Earth acquired by meteorological instruments with a rectangular field of regard, typically several times each month, which provides an excellent opportunity for radiometric calibration. The USGS RObotic Lunar Observatory (ROLO) project has developed the capability for on-orbit calibration using the Moon via a model for lunar spectral irradiance that accommodates the geometries of illumination and viewing by a spacecraft. The ROLO model has been used to determine on-orbit response characteristics for several NASA EOS instruments in low Earth orbit. Relative response trending with precision approaching 0.1% per year has been achieved for SeaWiFS as a result of the long time-series of lunar observations collected by that instrument. The method has a demonstrated capability for cross-calibration of different instruments that have viewed the Moon. The Moon appears skewed in high-resolution meteorological images, primarily due to satellite orbital motion during acquisition; however, the geometric correction for this is straightforward. By integrating the lunar disk image to an equivalent irradiance, and using knowledge of the sensor's spectral response, a calibration can be developed through comparison against the ROLO lunar model. The inherent stability of the lunar surface means that lunar calibration can be applied to observations made at any time, including retroactively. Archived geostationary imager data that contains the Moon can be used to develop response histories for these instruments, regardless of their current operational status.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering","conferenceTitle":"Earth Observing Systems X","conferenceDate":"31 July 2005 through 2 August 2005","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, CA","language":"English","doi":"10.1117/12.620097","issn":"0277786X","usgsCitation":"Stone, T., Kieffer, H.H., and Grant, I., 2005, Potential for calibration of geostationary meteorological satellite imagers using the Moon, <i>in</i> Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, v. 5882, San Diego, CA, 31 July 2005 through 2 August 2005, p. 1-9, https://doi.org/10.1117/12.620097.","startPage":"1","endPage":"9","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238444,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211214,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.620097"}],"volume":"5882","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7f07e4b0c8380cd7a8a2","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Butler J.J.","contributorId":128408,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Butler J.J.","id":536616,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Stone, T.C.","contributorId":74874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"T.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kieffer, H. H.","contributorId":40725,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kieffer","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grant, I.F.","contributorId":22140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grant","given":"I.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70027415,"text":"70027415 - 2005 - Drill hole logging with infrared spectroscopy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:20","indexId":"70027415","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Drill hole logging with infrared spectroscopy","docAbstract":"Infrared spectroscopy has been used to identify rocks and minerals for over 40 years. The technique is sensitive to primary silicates as well as alteration products. Minerals can be uniquely identified based on multiple absorption features at wavelengths from the visible to the thermal infrared. We are currently establishing methods and protocols in order to use the technique for rapid assessment of downhole lithology on samples obtained during drilling operations. Initial work performed includes spectral analysis of chip cuttings and core sections from drill sites around Desert Peak, NV. In this paper, we report on a survey of 10,000 feet of drill cuttings, at 100 foot intervals, from the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD). Data from Blue Mountain geothermal wells will also be acquired. We will describe the utility of the technique for rapid assessment of lithologic and mineralogic discrimination.","largerWorkTitle":"Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council","conferenceTitle":"Geothermal Resources Council 2005 Annual Meeting","conferenceDate":"25 September 2005 through 28 September 2005","conferenceLocation":"Reno, NV","language":"English","issn":"01935933","usgsCitation":"Calvin, W.M., and Solum, J., 2005, Drill hole logging with infrared spectroscopy, <i>in</i> Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council, v. 29, Reno, NV, 25 September 2005 through 28 September 2005, p. 565-568.","startPage":"565","endPage":"568","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238443,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a03dde4b0c8380cd506ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Calvin, W. M.","contributorId":17379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Calvin","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Solum, J.G.","contributorId":79280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solum","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70029295,"text":"70029295 - 2005 - Relationships between gap makers and gap fillers in an Arkansas floodplain forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-25T16:51:44.242584","indexId":"70029295","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2490,"text":"Journal of Vegetation Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relationships between gap makers and gap fillers in an Arkansas floodplain forest","docAbstract":"<h3 id=\"abs1-2-title\" class=\"article-section__sub-title section1\">Question:</h3><p>In floodplain forests, does frequent flooding allow for self-replacement of shade-intolerant tree species or do small canopy gap openings lead to replacement by shade-tolerant tree species?</p><h3 id=\"abs1-3-title\" class=\"article-section__sub-title section1\">Location:</h3><p>Cache River, Arkansas, US; 55 m a.s.l.</p><h3 id=\"abs1-4-title\" class=\"article-section__sub-title section1\">Methods:</h3><p>The species, diameter-at-breast height, and elevation of primary gap-maker trees were determined for new gaps from 1995–1998. The size and species of gap-filler trees were identified and placed into three classes: definitive, edge, or interior. Transition probabilities were determined.</p><h3 id=\"abs1-5-title\" class=\"article-section__sub-title section1\">Results:</h3><p>The dominant shade-intolerant species<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Quercus texana</i><span>&nbsp;</span>is being replaced primarily by the more shade-tolerant<span>&nbsp;</span><i>A. rubrum</i><span>&nbsp;</span>var.<span>&nbsp;</span><i>drummondii, Fraxinus</i><span>&nbsp;</span>spp. and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Ulmus americana.</i><span>&nbsp;</span>Only 20 of 2767 gap fillers were<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Q. texana.</i><span>&nbsp;</span>Replacement probabilities are not constant across elevations, however, as the least shade-tolerant of the three most common species of definitive gap fillers,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Fraxinus</i><span>&nbsp;</span>spp., occurred at lower elevations than<span>&nbsp;</span><i>A. rubrum</i><span>&nbsp;</span>var.<span>&nbsp;</span><i>drummondii</i>, and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>U. americana.</i></p><h3 id=\"abs1-6-title\" class=\"article-section__sub-title section1\">Conclusions:</h3><p>The contention that frequent flooding would allow for self-replacement of shade-intolerant species was only partially supported. The small canopy gaps undoubtedly influenced canopy replacement processes.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1654-1103.2005.tb02387.x","usgsCitation":"King, S.L., and Antrobus, T.J., 2005, Relationships between gap makers and gap fillers in an Arkansas floodplain forest: Journal of Vegetation Science, v. 16, no. 4, p. 471-478, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-1103.2005.tb02387.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"471","endPage":"478","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237406,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","otherGeospatial":"Cache River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.36093139648436,\n              35.02662273458687\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.22360229492188,\n              35.02662273458687\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.22360229492188,\n              35.191766965947394\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.36093139648436,\n              35.191766965947394\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.36093139648436,\n              35.02662273458687\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-02-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a79ee4b0e8fec6cdc512","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"King, Sammy L. 0000-0002-5364-6361 sking@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5364-6361","contributorId":557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Sammy","email":"sking@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":422128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Antrobus, T. J.","contributorId":63117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Antrobus","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70027344,"text":"70027344 - 2005 - Mule deer and pronghorn migration in western Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:27","indexId":"70027344","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mule deer and pronghorn migration in western Wyoming","docAbstract":"Migratory mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) and pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) populations rely on seasonal ranges to meet their annual nutritional and energetic requirements. Because seasonal ranges often occur great distances apart and across a mix of vegetation types and land ownership, maintaining migration corridors to and from these ranges can be difficult, especially if managers do not have detailed information on mule deer and pronghorn seasonal movements. We captured, radiomarked, and monitored mule deer (n = 171) and pronghorn (n = 34) in western Wyoming to document seasonal distribution patterns and migration routes. Mule deer and pronghorn migrated 20-158 km and 116-258 km, respectively, between seasonal ranges. These distances represented the longest recorded migrations for either species. We identified a number of bottlenecks along the migration routes of mule deer and pronghorn, but the most critical appeared to be the 1.6-km-wide Trapper's Point bottleneck, which was used by both mule deer and pronghorn during their spring and autumn migrations. Housing developments and roadways apparently have reduced the effective width of this bottleneck to <0.8 km. We estimate 2,500-3,500 mule deer and 1,500-2,000 pronghorn move through the bottleneck twice a year during spring and autumn migrations. Identification and protection of migration corridors and bottlenecks will be necessary to maintain mule deer and pronghorn populations throughout their range.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[1266:MDAPMI]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00917648","usgsCitation":"Sawyer, H., Lindzey, F., and McWhirter, D., 2005, Mule deer and pronghorn migration in western Wyoming: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 33, no. 4, p. 1266-1273, https://doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[1266:MDAPMI]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"1266","endPage":"1273","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209335,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[1266:MDAPMI]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":235642,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5f8de4b0c8380cd7100d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sawyer, H.","contributorId":59910,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sawyer","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lindzey, F.","contributorId":76113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindzey","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McWhirter, D.","contributorId":106294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McWhirter","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70027607,"text":"70027607 - 2005 - Role of organic acids in promoting colloidal transport of mercury from mine tailings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:49","indexId":"70027607","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Role of organic acids in promoting colloidal transport of mercury from mine tailings","docAbstract":"A number of factors affect the transport of dissolved and paniculate mercury (Hg) from inoperative Hg mines, including the presence of organic acids in the rooting zone of vegetated mine waste. We examined the role of the two most common organic acids in soils (oxalic and citric acid) on Hg transport from such waste by pumping a mixed organic acid solution (pH 5.7) at 1 mL/min through Hg mine tailings columns. For the two total organic acid concentrations investigated (20 ??M and 1 mM), particle-associated Hg was mobilized, with the onset of paniculate Hg transport occurring later for the lower organic acid concentration. Chemical analyses of column effluent indicate that 98 wt % of Hg mobilized from the column was paniculate. Hg speciation was determined using extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy, showing that HgS minerals are dominant in the mobilized particles. Hg adsorbed to colloids is another likely mode of transport due to the abundance of Fe-(oxyhydr)oxides, Fe-sulfides, alunite, and jarosite in the tailings to which Hg(II) adsorbs. Organic acids produced by plants are likely to enhance the transport of colloid-associated Hg from vegetated Hg mine tailings by dissolving cements to enable colloid release. ?? 2005 American Chemical Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1021/es0504643","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Slowey, A., Johnson, S., Rytuba, J.J., and Brown, G.E., 2005, Role of organic acids in promoting colloidal transport of mercury from mine tailings: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 39, no. 20, p. 7869-7874, https://doi.org/10.1021/es0504643.","startPage":"7869","endPage":"7874","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210883,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0504643"},{"id":237951,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-09-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aae63e4b0c8380cd870b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Slowey, A.J.","contributorId":9445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slowey","given":"A.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, S.B.","contributorId":80894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rytuba, J. J.","contributorId":83082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rytuba","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, Gordon E. Jr.","contributorId":10166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Gordon","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
]}