Radio telemetry and diurnal time activity budgets were used to show that wintering Lesser Scaup (Aythya affinis) used different habitats for comfort and feeding activities at Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge (Merritt Island), Florida and adjacent estuarine areas. Management should take this spatial consideration into account. The same data were used to determine if habitat use differed between sexes. Data on movements and home range were used to evaluate habitat quality and potential effects of human disturbance. Scaup foraged more in impounded wetlands and rested more in open estuarine regions. Mean distance between diurnal and nocturnal sites was 2.7 km (SE ± 0.3), and was similar between sexes and from mid to late winter. Male and female fixed kernel home ranges and core use areas did not differ. Mean fixed kernel 95% home range and 50% core use areas were 15.1 km2 (SE ± 2.0) and 2.7 km2 (SE ± 0.5) respectively, representing 3% and 0.5% of surveyed habitats. Males and females used habitats similarly and short distances traveled between diurnal and nocturnal sites suggested that habitat conditions were similar across the impounded wetlands and shallow portions of both the Indian River and Banana River. Sedentary or short movements suggested that disturbance was probably negligible at the principal areas used by Lesser Scaup. Habitat management strategies for scaup should not be restricted to Merritt Island. Adjustments should be made to take into account that maintenance activities occur in adjacent estuarine areas as well.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Waterbird Society","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695(2005)028[0071:HUMAHR]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Herring, G., and Collazo, J., 2005, Habitat use, movements and home range of wintering Lesser Scaup in Florida: Waterbirds, v. 28, no. 1, p. 71-78, https://doi.org/10.1675/1524-4695(2005)028[0071:HUMAHR]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"71","endPage":"78","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237611,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.760498046875,\n 28.288661197831768\n ],\n [\n -80.47210693359375,\n 28.31284405928202\n ],\n [\n -80.53390502929688,\n 28.560400880492832\n ],\n [\n -80.76736450195312,\n 28.862715733983915\n ],\n [\n -80.84976196289062,\n 28.841064894531943\n ],\n [\n -80.87997436523438,\n 28.76765910569123\n ],\n [\n -80.760498046875,\n 28.288661197831768\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2f49e4b0c8380cd5cc54","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herring, Garth 0000-0003-1106-4731 gherring@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1106-4731","contributorId":4403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herring","given":"Garth","email":"gherring@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":421160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collazo, Jaime A. 0000-0002-1816-7744 jaime_collazo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1816-7744","contributorId":173448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collazo","given":"Jaime A.","email":"jaime_collazo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":421159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029054,"text":"70029054 - 2005 - Mid-Pliocene deep-sea bottom-water temperatures based on ostracode Mg/Ca ratios","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-10T16:16:48","indexId":"70029054","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2673,"text":"Marine Micropaleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mid-Pliocene deep-sea bottom-water temperatures based on ostracode Mg/Ca ratios","docAbstract":"We studied magnesium:calcium (Mg/Ca) ratios in shells of the deep-sea ostracode genus Krithe from a short interval in the middle Pliocene between 3.29 and 2.97 Ma using deep-sea drilling sites in the North and South Atlantic in order to estimate bottom water temperatures (BWT) during a period of climatic warmth. Results from DSDP and ODP Sites 552A, 610A, 607, 658A, 659A, 661A and 704 for the period Ma reveal both depth and latitudinal gradients of mean Mg/Ca values. Shallower sites (552A, 610A and 607) have higher mean Mg/Ca ratios (10.3, 9.7, 10.1 mmol/mol) than deeper sites (661A, 6.3 mmol/mol), and high latitude North Atlantic sites (552A, 610A, 607) have higher Mg/Ca ratios than low latitude (658A: 9.8 mmol/mol, 659A: 7.7 mmol/mol, 661A: 6.3 mmol/mol) and Southern Ocean (704: 8.0 mmol/mol) sites. Converting Mg/Ca ratios into estimated temperatures using the calibration of Dwyer et al. (1995) [Dwyer, G.S., Cronin, T.M., Baker, P.A., Raymo, M.E., Buzas, J.S., Corre??ge, T., 1995. North Atlantic deepwater temperature change during late Pliocene and late Quaternary climatic cycles. Science 270, 1347-1351] suggests that mean middle Pliocene bottom water temperatures at the study sites in the deep Atlantic were about the same as modern temperatures. However, brief pulses of elevated BWT occurred several times between 3.29 and 2.97 Ma in both the North and South Atlantic Ocean suggesting short-term changes in deep ocean circulation.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marmicro.2004.12.003","issn":"03778398","usgsCitation":"Cronin, T.M., Dowsett, H., Dwyer, G., Baker, P., and Chandler, M., 2005, Mid-Pliocene deep-sea bottom-water temperatures based on ostracode Mg/Ca ratios: Marine Micropaleontology, v. 54, no. 3-4, p. 249-261, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2004.12.003.","productDescription":"13","startPage":"249","endPage":"261","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487540,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7000","text":"External Repository"},{"id":237577,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a56bfe4b0c8380cd6d7ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cronin, T. M. 0000-0002-2643-0979","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":42613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":421153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dowsett, H.J. 0000-0003-1983-7524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1983-7524","contributorId":87924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowsett","given":"H.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dwyer, Gary S.","contributorId":67642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dwyer","given":"Gary S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baker, P.A.","contributorId":55148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chandler, M.A.","contributorId":26874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chandler","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029052,"text":"70029052 - 2005 - The effect of thiamine injection on upstream migration, survival, and thiamine status of putative thiamine-deficient coho salmon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:53","indexId":"70029052","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2177,"text":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of thiamine injection on upstream migration, survival, and thiamine status of putative thiamine-deficient coho salmon","docAbstract":"A diet containing a high proportion of alewives Alosa pseudoharengus results in a thiamine deficiency that has been associated with high larval salmonid mortality, known as early mortality syndrome (EMS), but relatively little is known about the effects of the deficiency on adults. Using thiamine injection (50 mg thiamine/kg body weight) of ascending adult female coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch on the Platte River, Michigan, we investigated the effects of thiamine supplementation on migration, adult survival, and thiamine status. The thiamine concentrations of eggs, muscle (red and white), spleen, kidney (head and trunk), and liver and the transketolase activity of the liver, head kidney, and trunk kidney of fish injected with thiamine dissolved in physiological saline (PST) or physiological saline only (PS) were compared with those of uninjected fish. The injection did not affect the number of fish making the 15-km upstream migration to a collection weir but did affect survival once fish reached the upstream weir, where survival of PST-injected fish was almost twice that of controls. The egg and liver thiamine concentrations in PS fish sampled after their upstream migration were significantly lower than those of uninjected fish collected at the downstream weir, but the white muscle thiamine concentration did not differ between the two groups. At the upper weir, thiamine levels in the liver, spleen, head kidney, and trunk kidney of PS fish were indistinguishable from those of uninjected fish (called \"wigglers\") suffering from a severe deficiency and exhibiting reduced equilibrium, a stage that precedes total loss of equilibrium and death. For PST fish collected at the upstream weir, total thiamine levels in all tissues were significantly elevated over those of PS fish. Based on the limited number of tissues examined, thiamine status was indicated better by tissue thiamine concentration than by transketolase activity. The adult injection method we used appears to be a more effective means of increasing egg thiamine levels than immersion of eggs in a thiamine solution. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2005.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/H04-003.1","issn":"08997659","usgsCitation":"Fitzsimons, J., Williston, B., Amcoff, P., Balk, L., Pecor, C., Ketola, H.G., Hinterkopf, J.P., and Honeyfield, D., 2005, The effect of thiamine injection on upstream migration, survival, and thiamine status of putative thiamine-deficient coho salmon: Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, v. 17, no. 1, p. 48-58, https://doi.org/10.1577/H04-003.1.","startPage":"48","endPage":"58","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210601,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/H04-003.1"},{"id":237575,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bab5be4b08c986b322db5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fitzsimons, J.D.","contributorId":50845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzsimons","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williston, B.","contributorId":49176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williston","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Amcoff, P.","contributorId":51087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amcoff","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Balk, L.","contributorId":42415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balk","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pecor, C.","contributorId":73152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pecor","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ketola, H. G.","contributorId":60976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ketola","given":"H.","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hinterkopf, J. P.","contributorId":11145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinterkopf","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Honeyfield, D. C. 0000-0003-3034-2047","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3034-2047","contributorId":73136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Honeyfield","given":"D. C.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":421144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70029051,"text":"70029051 - 2005 - Combined use of the ASK and SHK-1 cell lines to enhance the detection of infectious salmon anemia virus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-12T15:17:28","indexId":"70029051","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2492,"text":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Combined use of the ASK and SHK-1 cell lines to enhance the detection of infectious salmon anemia virus","docAbstract":"Infectious salmon anemia (ISA) is a severe disease primarily affecting commercially farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in seawater. The disease has been reported in portions of Canada, the United Kingdom, the Faroe Islands, and the United States. Infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV), the causative agent of ISA, has also been isolated from several asymptomatic marine and salmonid fish species. Diagnostic assays for the detection of ISAV include virus isolation in cell culture, a reverse transcriptase-PCR, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and an indirect fluorescent antibody test. Virus isolation is considered the gold standard, and 5 salmonid cell lines are known to support growth of ISAV. In this study, the relative performance of the salmon head kidney 1 (SHK-1), Atlantic salmon kidney (ASK), and CHSE-214 cell lines in detecting ISAV was evaluated using samples from both experimentally and naturally infected Atlantic salmon. Interlaboratory comparisons were conducted using a quality control-quality assurance ring test. Both the ASK and SHK-1 cell lines performed well in detecting ISAV, although the SHK-1 line was more variable in its sensitivity to infection and somewhat slower in the appearance of cytopathic effect. Relative to the SHK-1 and ASK lines, the CHSE-214 cell line performed poorly. Although the ASK line appeared to represent a good alternative to the more commonly used SHK-1 line, use of a single cell line for diagnostic assays may increase the potential for false-negative results. Thus, the SHK-1 and ASK cell lines can be used in combination to provide enhanced ability to detect ISAV.
","language":"English","publisher":"Sage Journals","doi":"10.1177/104063870501700209","issn":"10406387","usgsCitation":"Rolland, J., Bouchard, D., Coll, J., and Winton, J., 2005, Combined use of the ASK and SHK-1 cell lines to enhance the detection of infectious salmon anemia virus: Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, v. 17, no. 2, p. 151-157, https://doi.org/10.1177/104063870501700209.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"151","endPage":"157","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236386,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f7dce4b0c8380cd4cd38","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rolland, J.B.","contributorId":33504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rolland","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bouchard, D.","contributorId":43956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bouchard","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coll, J.","contributorId":11392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coll","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Winton, J. R. 0000-0002-3505-5509","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-5509","contributorId":82441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029048,"text":"70029048 - 2005 - From the field: Brown bear habituation to people — Safety, risks, and benefits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-06T16:56:13.332853","indexId":"70029048","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"From the field: Brown bear habituation to people — Safety, risks, and benefits","docAbstract":"Recently, brown bear (Ursus arctos) viewing has increased in coastal Alaska and British Columbia, as well as in interior areas such as Yellowstone National Park. Viewing is most often being done under conditions that offer acceptable safety to both people and bears. We analyze and comment on the underlying processes that lead brown bears to tolerate people at close range. Although habituation is an important process influencing the distance at which bears tolerate people, other variables also modify levels of bear-to-human tolerance. Because bears may react internally with energetic costs before showing an overt reaction to humans, we propose a new term, the Overt Reaction Distance, to emphasize that what we observe is the external reaction of a bear. In this paper we conceptually analyze bear viewing in terms of benefits and risks to people and bears. We conclude that managers and policy-makers must develop site-specific plans that identify the extent to which bear-to-human habituation and tolerance will be permitted. The proposed management needs scientific underpinning. It is our belief that bear viewing, where appropriate, may promote conservation of bear populations, habitats, and ecosystems as it instills respect and concern in those who participate.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[362:FTFBBH]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Herrero, S., Smith, T., DeBruyn, T.D., Gunther, K., and Matt, C.A., 2005, From the field: Brown bear habituation to people — Safety, risks, and benefits: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 33, no. 1, p. 362-373, https://doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[362:FTFBBH]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"362","endPage":"373","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236383,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, British Columbia, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.9375,\n 49.03786794532644\n ],\n [\n -131.484375,\n 57.89149735271034\n ],\n [\n -135.17578125,\n 59.80063426102869\n ],\n [\n -141.328125,\n 60.84491057364912\n ],\n [\n -150.64453125,\n 62.512317938386914\n ],\n [\n -161.3671875,\n 60.326947742998414\n ],\n [\n -161.19140625,\n 58.53959476664049\n ],\n [\n -158.73046875,\n 58.07787626787517\n ],\n [\n -169.45312499999997,\n 53.12040528310657\n ],\n [\n -149.4140625,\n 57.98480801923985\n ],\n [\n -146.77734375,\n 59.80063426102869\n ],\n [\n -137.4609375,\n 57.61010702068388\n ],\n [\n -134.12109375,\n 53.64463782485651\n ],\n [\n -123.74999999999999,\n 47.754097979680026\n ],\n [\n -120.9375,\n 49.03786794532644\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.09374999999999,\n 43.99281450048989\n ],\n [\n -110.0390625,\n 43.99281450048989\n ],\n [\n -110.0390625,\n 44.933696389694674\n ],\n [\n -111.09374999999999,\n 44.933696389694674\n ],\n [\n -111.09374999999999,\n 43.99281450048989\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"33","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a13ffe4b0c8380cd54870","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herrero, Stephen","contributorId":39269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herrero","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Tom","contributorId":207440,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Tom","affiliations":[{"id":6681,"text":"Brigham Young University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":421123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DeBruyn, Terry D.","contributorId":173960,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeBruyn","given":"Terry","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gunther, Kerry","contributorId":17929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gunther","given":"Kerry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Matt, Colleen A.","contributorId":189634,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matt","given":"Colleen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029044,"text":"70029044 - 2005 - Prenatal development in fishers (Martes pennanti)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:59","indexId":"70029044","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3594,"text":"Theriogenology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prenatal development in fishers (Martes pennanti)","docAbstract":"We evaluated and quantified prenatal growth of fishers (Martes pennanti) using ultrasonography. Seven females gave birth to 21 kits. The first identifiable embryonic structures were seen 42 d prepartum; these appeared to be unimplanted blastocysts or gestational sacs, which subsequently implanted in the uterine horns. Maternal and fetal heart rates were monitored from first detection to birth. Maternal heart rates did not differ among sampling periods, while fetal hearts rates increased from first detection to birth. Head and body differentiation, visible limbs and skeletal ossification were visible by 30, 23 and 21 d prepartum, respectively. Mean diameter of gestational sacs and crown-rump lengths were linearly related to gestational age (P < 0.001). Biparietal and body diameters were also linearly related to gestational age (P < 0.001) and correctly predicted parturition dates within 1-2 d. ?? 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Theriogenology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2004.07.013","issn":"0093691X","usgsCitation":"Frost, H., Krohn, W., Bezembluk, E., Lott, R., and Wallace, C., 2005, Prenatal development in fishers (Martes pennanti): Theriogenology, v. 63, no. 5, p. 1440-1453, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2004.07.013.","startPage":"1440","endPage":"1453","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236354,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209681,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2004.07.013"}],"volume":"63","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8b15e4b0c8380cd7e16c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frost, H.C.","contributorId":9416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frost","given":"H.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krohn, W.B.","contributorId":64355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krohn","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bezembluk, E.A.","contributorId":106296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bezembluk","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lott, R.","contributorId":75318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lott","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wallace, C.R.","contributorId":55629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029043,"text":"70029043 - 2005 - Cassini Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer observations of Iapetus: Detection of CO2","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:59","indexId":"70029043","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":917,"text":"Astrophysical Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cassini Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer observations of Iapetus: Detection of CO2","docAbstract":"The Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS) instrument aboard the Cassini spacecraft obtained its first spectral map of the satellite lapetus in which new absorption bands are seen in the spectra of both the low-albedo hemisphere and the H2O ice-rich hemisphere. Carbon dioxide is identified in the low-albedo material, probably as a photochemically produced molecule that is trapped in H2O ice or in some mineral or complex organic solid. Other absorption bands are unidentified. The spectrum of the low-albedo hemisphere is satisfactorily modeled with a combination of organic tholin, poly-HCN, and small amounts of H2O ice and Fe 2O3. The high-albedo hemisphere is modeled with H 2O ice slightly darkened with tholin. The detection of CO2 in the low-albedo material on the leading hemisphere supports the contention that it is carbon-bearing material from an external source that has been swept up by the satellite's orbital motion. ?? 2005. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Astrophysical Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1086/429800","issn":"0004637X","usgsCitation":"Buratti, B.J., Cruikshank, D.P., Brown, R.H., Clark, R.N., Bauer, J., Jaumann, R., McCord, T.B., Simonelli, D., Hibbitts, C.A., Hansen, G.B., Owen, T., Baines, K.H., Bellucci, G., Bibring, J., Capaccioni, F., Cerroni, P., Coradini, A., Drossart, P., Formisano, V., Langevin, Y., Matson, D.L., Mennella, V., Nelson, R., Nicholson, P.D., Sicardy, B., Sotin, C., Roush, T.L., Soderlund, K., and Muradyan, A., 2005, Cassini Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer observations of Iapetus: Detection of CO2: Astrophysical Journal, v. 622, no. 2 II, https://doi.org/10.1086/429800.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477952,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/429800","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":236353,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209680,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1086/429800"}],"volume":"622","issue":"2 II","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-03-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f38ee4b0c8380cd4b899","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buratti, B. J.","contributorId":69280,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buratti","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cruikshank, D. P.","contributorId":51434,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cruikshank","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, R. H.","contributorId":19931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Clark, R. N.","contributorId":6568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bauer, J.M.","contributorId":88543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauer","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jaumann, R.","contributorId":81232,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jaumann","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McCord, T. 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L.","contributorId":59940,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Mennella, V.","contributorId":88522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mennella","given":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Nelson, R.M.","contributorId":38316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Nicholson, P. D.","contributorId":54330,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicholson","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Sicardy, B.","contributorId":57622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sicardy","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Sotin, Christophe","contributorId":53924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sotin","given":"Christophe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Roush, T. L.","contributorId":77661,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roush","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Soderlund, K.","contributorId":80883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soderlund","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28},{"text":"Muradyan, A.","contributorId":52380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muradyan","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":29}]}} ,{"id":70029039,"text":"70029039 - 2005 - Calculation of broadband time histories of ground motion, Part II: Kinematic and dynamic modeling using theoretical Green's functions and comparison with the 1994 northridge earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-27T13:48:35","indexId":"70029039","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Calculation of broadband time histories of ground motion, Part II: Kinematic and dynamic modeling using theoretical Green's functions and comparison with the 1994 northridge earthquake","docAbstract":"In the evolution of methods for calculating synthetic time histories of ground motion for postulated earthquakes, kinematic source models have dominated to date because of their ease of application. Dynamic models, however, which incorporate a physical relationship between important faulting parameters of stress drop, slip, rupture velocity, and rise time, are becoming more accessible. This article compares a class of kinematic models based on the summation of a fractal distribution of subevent sizes with a dynamic model based on the slip-weakening friction law. Kinematic modeling is done for the frequency band 0.2 to 10.0. Hz, dynamic models are calculated from 0.2 to 2.0. Hz. The strong motion data set for the 1994 Northridge earthquake is used to evaluate and compare the synthetic time histories. Source models are propagated to the far field by convolution with 1D and 3D theoretical Green’s functions. In addition, the kinematic model is used to evaluate the importance of propagation path effects: velocity structure, scattering, and nonlinearity. At present, the kinematic model gives a better broadband fit to the Northridge ground motion than the simple slip-weakening dynamic model. In general, the dynamic model overpredicts rise times and produces insufficient shorter-period energy. Within the context of the slip-weakening model, the Northridge ground motion requires a short slip-weakening distance, on the order of 0.15 m or less. A more complex dynamic model including rate weakening or one that allows shorter rise times near the hypocenter may fit the data better.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Stanford","doi":"10.1785/0120040136","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Hartzell, S., Guatteri, M., Mai, P., Liu, P., and Fisk, M.R., 2005, Calculation of broadband time histories of ground motion, Part II: Kinematic and dynamic modeling using theoretical Green's functions and comparison with the 1994 northridge earthquake: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 95, no. 2, p. 614-645, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120040136.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"614","endPage":"645","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236419,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209724,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120040136"}],"volume":"95","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f301e4b0c8380cd4b53f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hartzell, S.","contributorId":12603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartzell","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guatteri, Mariagiovanna","contributorId":29979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guatteri","given":"Mariagiovanna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mai, P.M.","contributorId":32712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mai","given":"P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Liu, P.-C.","contributorId":25339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"P.-C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fisk, M. R.","contributorId":17031,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fisk","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":421060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029038,"text":"70029038 - 2005 - Seasonal marine growth of Bristol Bay sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in relation to competition with Asian pink salmon (O. gorbuscho) and the 1977 ocean regime shift","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-27T14:35:54","indexId":"70029038","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1663,"text":"Fishery Bulletin","printIssn":"0090-0656","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal marine growth of Bristol Bay sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in relation to competition with Asian pink salmon (O. gorbuscho) and the 1977 ocean regime shift","docAbstract":"Recent research demonstrated significantly lower growth and survival of Bristol Bay sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) during odd-numbered years of their second or third years at sea (1975, 1977, etc.), a trend that was opposite that of Asian pink salmon (O. gorbuscha) abundance. Here we evaluated seasonal growth trends of Kvichak and Egegik river sockeye salmon (Bristol Bay stocks) during even- and odd-numbered years at sea by measuring scale circuli increments within each growth zone of each major salmon age group between 1955 and 2000. First year scale growth was not significantly different between odd- and even-numbered years, but peak growth of age-2. smolts was significantly higher than age-1 smolts. Total second and third year scale growth of salmon was significantly lower during odd- than during even-numbered years. However, reduced scale growth in odd-numbered years began after peak growth in spring and continued through summer and fall even though most pink salmon had left the high seas by late July (10-18% growth reduction in odd vs. even years). The alternating odd and even year growth pattern was consistent before and after the 1977 ocean regime shift. During 1977-2000, when salmon abundance was relatively great, sockeye salmon growth was high during specific seasons compared with that during 1955-1976, that is to say, immediately after entry to Bristol Bay, after peak growth in the first year, during the middle of the second growing season, and during spring of the third season. Growth after the spring peak in the third year at sea was relatively low during 1977-2000. We hypothesize that high consumption rates of prey by pink salmon during spring through mid-July of odd-numbered years, coupled with declining zooplankton biomass during summer and potentially cyclic abundances of squid and other prey, contributed to reduced prey availability and therefore reduced growth of Bristol Bay sockeye salmon during late spring through fall of odd-numbered years.
","language":"English","publisher":"NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","issn":"00900656","usgsCitation":"Ruggerone, G.T., Farley, E., Nielsen, J.L., and Hagen, P., 2005, Seasonal marine growth of Bristol Bay sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in relation to competition with Asian pink salmon (O. gorbuscho) and the 1977 ocean regime shift: Fishery Bulletin, v. 103, no. 2, p. 355-370.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"355","endPage":"370","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236418,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":336095,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fishbull.noaa.gov/1032/1032toc.htm","text":"Fishery Bulletin: Volume 103, Issue 2"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Bristol Bay, Egegik River, Kvichak River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -157.69775390625,\n 57.68066002977235\n ],\n [\n -155.269775390625,\n 57.68066002977235\n ],\n [\n -155.269775390625,\n 59.772991625706695\n ],\n [\n -157.69775390625,\n 59.772991625706695\n ],\n [\n -157.69775390625,\n 57.68066002977235\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"103","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b88b4e4b08c986b316b00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruggerone, Gregory T.","contributorId":48068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruggerone","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farley, Ed","contributorId":91672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farley","given":"Ed","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12520,"text":"NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":421057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nielsen, Jennifer L.","contributorId":43722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nielsen","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":421055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hagen, Peter","contributorId":100173,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hagen","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029037,"text":"70029037 - 2005 - Naturally occurring secondary nutritional hyperparathyroidism in cattle egrets (Bubulcus ibis) from Central Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-26T14:00:28.502177","indexId":"70029037","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Naturally occurring secondary nutritional hyperparathyroidism in cattle egrets (Bubulcus ibis) from Central Texas","docAbstract":"Naturally occurring secondary nutritional hyperparathyroidism is described in the nestlings of two colonies of cattle egrets (Bubulcus ibis) from Central Texas (Bryan and San Antonio, Texas, USA). Nestlings from a third colony (Waco, Texas, USA) were collected in a subsequent year for comparison. Birds from the first two colonies consistently had severe osteopenia and associated curving deformities and folding fractures of their long bones. These birds also had reduced bone ash, increased osteoclasia, a marked decrease in osteoblast activity, variable lengthening and shortening of the hypertrophic zone of the epiphyseal cartilage, decreased and disorganized formation of new bone, and a marked hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the parathyroid glands as compared to birds collected from the third colony. Fibrous osteodystrophy was found in all of the birds from San Antonio and Bryan. Evidence of moderate to severe calcium deficiency was also identified in 33% of the cattle egrets collected from Waco. Gut contents of affected chicks contained predominately grasshoppers and crickets; vertebrate prey items were absent from the Bryan birds. Grasshoppers and crickets collected from fields frequented by the adult egrets in 1994 had 0.12–0.28% calcium and 0.76–0.81% phosphorus. Pooled grasshoppers and crickets collected during a subsequent wet early spring averaged 0.24% calcium and 0.65% phosphorus. Although the phosphorus content of the insect prey was adequate for growth, calcium was approximately one-third the minimum calcium requirement needed for growth for other species of birds. It was postulated that cattle egrets breeding in Central Texas have expanded their range into habitat that contains less vertebrate prey, and as a result, many nestling egrets are being fed diets that contain suboptimal calcium. Therefore, in years where vertebrate prey is scarce and forage for insect prey is reduced in calcium, nestling egrets are at risk for developing secondary nutritional hyperparathyroidism.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-41.2.401","usgsCitation":"Phalen, D.N., Drew, M.L., Contreras, C., Roset, K., and Mora, M.A., 2005, Naturally occurring secondary nutritional hyperparathyroidism in cattle egrets (Bubulcus ibis) from Central Texas: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 41, no. 2, p. 401-415, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-41.2.401.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"401","endPage":"415","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477837,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-41.2.401","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":236417,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Bryan, San Antonio, Waco","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.00878906249999,\n 28.844673680771795\n ],\n [\n -97.58056640625,\n 28.844673680771795\n ],\n [\n -97.58056640625,\n 30.002516938570686\n ],\n [\n -99.00878906249999,\n 30.002516938570686\n ],\n [\n -99.00878906249999,\n 28.844673680771795\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.53662109375,\n 31.236288641793006\n ],\n [\n -96.90490722656249,\n 31.236288641793006\n ],\n [\n -96.90490722656249,\n 31.751525328078905\n ],\n [\n -97.53662109375,\n 31.751525328078905\n ],\n [\n -97.53662109375,\n 31.236288641793006\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.55059814453125,\n 30.45932812026586\n ],\n [\n -96.1578369140625,\n 30.45932812026586\n ],\n [\n -96.1578369140625,\n 30.791396195188927\n ],\n [\n -96.55059814453125,\n 30.791396195188927\n ],\n [\n -96.55059814453125,\n 30.45932812026586\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a638be4b0c8380cd72556","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Phalen, David N.","contributorId":30740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phalen","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Drew, Mark L.","contributorId":169527,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drew","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":25555,"text":"Idaho Dept. of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":421053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Contreras, C.","contributorId":49968,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Contreras","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roset, K.","contributorId":89327,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roset","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mora, Miguel A. 0000-0002-8393-0216","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8393-0216","contributorId":46643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mora","given":"Miguel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029021,"text":"70029021 - 2005 - Peatlands and green frogs: A relationship regulated by acidity?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-21T12:36:19","indexId":"70029021","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1474,"text":"Écoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Peatlands and green frogs: A relationship regulated by acidity?","docAbstract":"The effects of site acidification on amphibian populations have been thoroughly addressed in the last decades. However, amphibians in naturally acidic environments, such as peatlands facing pressure from the peat mining industry, have received little attention. Through two field studies and an experiment, I assessed the use of bog habitats by the green frog (Rana clamitans melanota), a species sensitive to various forestry and peat mining disturbances. First, I compared the occurrence and breeding patterns of frogs in bog and upland ponds. I then evaluated frog movements between forest and bog habitats to determine whether they corresponded to breeding or postbreeding movements. Finally, I investigated, through a field experiment, the value of bogs as rehydrating areas for amphibians by offering living Sphagnum moss and two media associated with uplands (i.e., water with pH ca 6.5 and water-saturated soil) to acutely dehydrated frogs. Green frog reproduction at bog ponds was a rare event, and no net movements occurred between forest and bog habitats. However, acutely dehydrated frogs did not avoid Sphagnum. Results show that although green frogs rarely breed in bogs and do not move en masse between forest and bog habitats, they do not avoid bog substrates for rehydrating, despite their acidity. Thus, bogs offer viable summering habitat to amphibians, which highlights the value of these threatened environments in terrestrial amphibian ecology.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecoscience","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2980/i1195-6860-12-1-60.1","issn":"11956860","usgsCitation":"Mazerolle, M., 2005, Peatlands and green frogs: A relationship regulated by acidity?: Écoscience, v. 12, no. 1, p. 60-67, https://doi.org/10.2980/i1195-6860-12-1-60.1.","startPage":"60","endPage":"67","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236315,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-03-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7622e4b0c8380cd77f3f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mazerolle, M. J. 0000-0002-0486-0310","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0486-0310","contributorId":12957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazerolle","given":"M. J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":420991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70029020,"text":"70029020 - 2005 - Multiple sources for late-Holocene tsunamis at Discovery Bay, Washington State, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:00","indexId":"70029020","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1905,"text":"Holocene","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multiple sources for late-Holocene tsunamis at Discovery Bay, Washington State, USA","docAbstract":"Nine muddy sand beds interrupt a 2500-yr-old sequence of peat deposits beneath a tidal marsh at the head of Discovery Bay on the south shore of the Strait of Juan de Fuca, Washington. An inferred tsunami origin for the sand beds is assessed by means of six criteria. Although all the sand beds contain marine diatoms and almost all the beds display internal stratification, the areal extent of the oldest beds is too limited to confirm their origin as tsunami deposits. The ages of four beds overlap with known late-Holocene tsunamis generated by plate-boundary earthquakes at the Cascadia subduction zone. Diatom assemblages in peat deposits bracketing these four beds do not indicate concurrent change in elevation at Discovery Bay. Diatoms in the peat bracketing a tsunami bed deposited about 1000 cal. yr BP indicate a few decimeters of submergence, suggesting deformation on a nearby upper-plate fault. Other beds may mark tsunamis caused by more distant upper-plate earthquakes or local submarine landslides triggered by earthquake shaking. Tsunamis from both subduction zone and upper-plate sources pose a significant hazard to shoreline areas in this region.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Holocene","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1191/0956683605hl784rp","issn":"09596836","usgsCitation":"Williams, H., Hutchinson, I., and Nelson, A., 2005, Multiple sources for late-Holocene tsunamis at Discovery Bay, Washington State, USA: Holocene, v. 15, no. 1, p. 60-73, https://doi.org/10.1191/0956683605hl784rp.","startPage":"60","endPage":"73","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209623,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0956683605hl784rp"},{"id":236282,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a607be4b0c8380cd714b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, H.F.L.","contributorId":50706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"H.F.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hutchinson, I.","contributorId":8658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchinson","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nelson, A.R. 0000-0001-7117-7098","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7117-7098","contributorId":55078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"A.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031584,"text":"70031584 - 2005 - Loosely bound oxytetracycline in riverine sediments from two tributaries of the Chesapeake Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-31T11:00:22","indexId":"70031584","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Loosely bound oxytetracycline in riverine sediments from two tributaries of the Chesapeake Bay","docAbstract":"The fate of antibiotics that bind to riverine sediment is not well understood. A solution used in geochemical extraction schemes to determine loosely bound species in sediments, 1 M MgCl2 (pH 8), was chosen to determine loosely bound, and potentially bioavailable, tetracycline antibiotics (TCs), including oxytetracycline (5-OH tetracycline) (OTC) in sediment samples from two rivers on the eastern shore of the Chesapeake Bay. Bottom sediments were collected at sites upstream from, at, and downstream from municipal sewage-treatment plants (STPs) situated on two natural waterways, Yellow Bank Stream, MD, and the Pocomoke River, MD. Concentrations of easily desorbed OTC ranged from 0.6 to approximately 1.2 μg g-1 dry wt sediment in Yellow Bank Stream and from 0.7 to approximately 3.3 μg g-1 dry wt sediment in the Pocomoke River. Concentrations of easily desorbable OTC were generally smaller in sediment upstream than in sediment downstream from the STP in the Pocomoke River. STPs and poultry manure are both potential sources of OTC to these streams. OTC that is loosely bound to sediment is subject to desorption. Other researchers have found desorbed TCs to be biologically active compounds.
Droughts are normal climate episodes, yet they are among the most expensive natural disasters in the world. Knowledge about the timing, severity, and pattern of droughts on the landscape can be incorporated into effective planning and decision-making. In this study, we present a data mining approach to modeling vegetation stress due to drought and mapping its spatial extent during the growing season. Rule-based regression tree models were generated that identify relationships between satellite-derived vegetation conditions, climatic drought indices, and biophysical data, including land-cover type, available soil water capacity, percent of irrigated farm land, and ecological type. The data mining method builds numerical rule-based models that find relationships among the input variables. Because the models can be applied iteratively with input data from previous time periods, the method enables to provide predictions of vegetation conditions farther into the growing season based on earlier conditions. Visualizing the model outputs as mapped information (called VegPredict) provides a means to evaluate the model. We present prototype maps for the 2002 drought year for Nebraska and South Dakota and discuss potential uses for these maps.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2005.02.003","issn":"09242716","usgsCitation":"Tadesse, T., Brown, J.F., and Hayes, M., 2005, A new approach for predicting drought-related vegetation stress: Integrating satellite, climate, and biophysical data over the U.S. central plains: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, v. 59, no. 4, p. 244-253, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2005.02.003.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"244","endPage":"253","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":212388,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2005.02.003"},{"id":239865,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e49be4b0c8380cd4676f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tadesse, Tsegaye 0000-0002-4102-1137","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4102-1137","contributorId":147617,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tadesse","given":"Tsegaye","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Jesslyn F. 0000-0002-9976-1998 jfbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9976-1998","contributorId":3241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Jesslyn","email":"jfbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":432212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hayes, M.J.","contributorId":56855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031581,"text":"70031581 - 2005 - Effects of nonindigenous tadpoles on native tadpoles in Florida: Evidence of competition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:10","indexId":"70031581","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of nonindigenous tadpoles on native tadpoles in Florida: Evidence of competition","docAbstract":"The impacts of nonindigenous species on native ecosystems can be severe, sometimes leading to the extinction of native taxa. Interspecific competition is a potential mechanism of negative impact of invasive species, but few studies have conclusively demonstrated competition between native and nonindigenous taxa. In this study I used experimental manipulations to examine the competitive effects of the larvae of two widely introduced anurans, the cane toad, Bufo marinus, and the Cuban treefrog, Osteopilus septentrionalis, on the growth and development of the larvae of two native anurans (the southern toad, Bufo terrestris, and the green treefrog, Hyla cinerea). The presence of O. septentrionalis larvae consistently impacted growth and development of native larvae, resulting in reduced growth rates and delayed metamorphosis of both native species and smaller mass at metamorphosis of B. terrestris. Hyla cinerea larvae transformed at greater body masses when reared with the rapidly transforming nonindigenous species as a result of competitive release. The negative effects of O. septentrionalis on native larvae were generally significant whether native tadpoles were exposed to O. septentrionalis alone or in combination with B. marinus. In contrast, B. marinus tadpoles did not significantly impact the growth or development of either native species. Neither nonindigenous species significantly decreased the survivorship of native larvae, although a trend toward decreased survivorship was evident for H. cinerea. These results suggest that nonindigenous larval anurans may adversely impact native tadpole communities as a result of interspecific competition.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biological Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2005.01.005","issn":"00063207","usgsCitation":"Smith, K.G., 2005, Effects of nonindigenous tadpoles on native tadpoles in Florida: Evidence of competition: Biological Conservation, v. 123, no. 4, p. 433-441, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2005.01.005.","startPage":"433","endPage":"441","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212387,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2005.01.005"},{"id":239864,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"123","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a076be4b0c8380cd516b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Kimberly G.","contributorId":47720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Kimberly","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70031580,"text":"70031580 - 2005 - Landscape characteristics influence pond occupancy by frogs after accounting for detectability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-02T16:24:08.604264","indexId":"70031580","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landscape characteristics influence pond occupancy by frogs after accounting for detectability","docAbstract":"Many investigators have hypothesized that landscape attributes such as the amount and proximity of habitat are important for amphibian spatial patterns. This has produced a number of studies focusing on the effects of landscape characteristics on amphibian patterns of occurrence in patches or ponds, most of which conclude that the landscape is important. We identified two concerns associated with these studies: one deals with their applicability to other landscape types, as most have been conducted in agricultural landscapes; the other highlights the need to account for the probability of detection. We tested the hypothesis that landscape characteristics influence spatial patterns of amphibian occurrence at ponds after accounting for the probability of detection in little-studied peatland landscapes undergoing peat mining. We also illustrated the costs of not accounting for the probability of detection by comparing our results to conventional logistic regression analyses. Results indicate that frog occurrence increased with the percent cover of ponds within 100, 250, and 1000 m, as well as the amount of forest cover within 1000 m. However, forest cover at 250 m had a negative influence on frog presence at ponds. Not accounting for the probability of detection resulted in underestimating the influence of most variables on frog occurrence, whereas a few were overestimated. Regardless, we show that conventional logistic regression can lead to different conclusions than analyses accounting for detectability. Our study is consistent with the hypothesis that landscape characteristics are important in determining the spatial patterns of frog occurrence at ponds. We strongly recommend estimating the probability of detection in field surveys, as this will increase the quality and conservation potential of models derived from such data.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/04-0502","usgsCitation":"Mazerolle, M., Desrochers, A., and Rochefort, L., 2005, Landscape characteristics influence pond occupancy by frogs after accounting for detectability: Ecological Applications, v. 15, no. 3, p. 824-834, https://doi.org/10.1890/04-0502.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"824","endPage":"834","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239829,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4401e4b0c8380cd66787","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mazerolle, M. J. 0000-0002-0486-0310","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0486-0310","contributorId":12957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazerolle","given":"M. J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":432208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Desrochers, A.","contributorId":66820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Desrochers","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rochefort, L.","contributorId":15739,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rochefort","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031579,"text":"70031579 - 2005 - Assessing ecological integrity of Ozark rivers to determine suitability for protective status","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:11","indexId":"70031579","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing ecological integrity of Ozark rivers to determine suitability for protective status","docAbstract":"Preservation of extraordinary natural resources, protection of water quality, and restoration of impaired waters require a strategy to identify and protect least-disturbed streams and rivers. We applied two objective, quantitative methods to determine stream ecological integrity of headwater reaches of 10 Ozark rivers, 5 with Wild and Scenic River federal protective status. Thirty-four variables representing macroinvertebrate and fish assemblage characteristics, in-stream habitat, riparian vegetation, water quality, and watershed attributes were quantified for each river and analyzed using two multivariate approaches. The first approach, cluster and discriminant analyses, identified two groups of river with only one variable (% forested watershed) reliably distinguishing groups. Our second approach employed ordinal scaling to compare variables for each river to conceptually ideal conditions that were developed as a composite of optimal attributes among the 10 rivers. The composite distance of each river from ideal was then calculated using a unidimensional ranking technique. Two rivers without Wild and Scenic River designation ranked highest relative to ideal (highest ecological integrity), and two others, also without designation, ranked most distant from ideal (lowest ecological integrity). Fish density, number of intolerant fish species, and invertebrate density were influential biotic variables for scaling. Contributing physical variables included riparian forest cover, water nitrate concentration, water turbidity, percentage of forested watershed, percentage of private land ownership, and road density. These methods provide a framework for refinement and application in other regions to facilitate the process of establishing least-disturbed reference conditions and identifying rivers for protection and restoration. ?? 2005 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00267-004-0136-4","issn":"0364152X","usgsCitation":"Radwell, A., and Kwak, T., 2005, Assessing ecological integrity of Ozark rivers to determine suitability for protective status: Environmental Management, v. 35, no. 6, p. 799-810, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-004-0136-4.","startPage":"799","endPage":"810","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212357,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-004-0136-4"},{"id":239828,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-05-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059edd1e4b0c8380cd49a1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Radwell, A.J.","contributorId":7502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Radwell","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kwak, T.J.","contributorId":104236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kwak","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70029019,"text":"70029019 - 2005 - Field occurrences of liquefaction-induced features: A primer for engineering geologic analysis of paleoseismic shaking","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:00","indexId":"70029019","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1517,"text":"Engineering Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Field occurrences of liquefaction-induced features: A primer for engineering geologic analysis of paleoseismic shaking","docAbstract":"Discussed in this paper are the factors that control the typical manifestations of liquefaction that are found in continental field settings. The factors are given mainly in terms of the local geologic field situation and the geotechnical properties there. A meaningful interpretation of liquefaction-based data for quantitative analysis of paleoseismic shaking requires understanding of both geologic and geotechnical roles in the mode of ground failure at a specific site. Recommendations are made for the size of the field area that must be searched for liquefaction effects, in order to develop adequate data for engineering geologic/geotechnical analyses of paleoseismicity. The areal extent must be based on an appreciation that the tectonic situation can cause seismically induced liquefaction effects to form in some locales, but not in others nearby, even for a strong earthquake in the region. Our guidelines for the conduct of the field search and preliminary analysis of the data relate to three issues for which liquefaction features are especially useful in answering: Has there been strong Holocene/latest Pleistocene shaking in the region? Where was the tectonic source? And what was the strength of shaking? Understanding of the various factors that control the manifestations of liquefaction effects, which we present in this paper, is essential for developing credible answers to these questions. ?? 2004 Elsvier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Engineering Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2004.07.009","issn":"00137952","usgsCitation":"Obermeier, S., Olson, S., and Green, R., 2005, Field occurrences of liquefaction-induced features: A primer for engineering geologic analysis of paleoseismic shaking: Engineering Geology, v. 76, no. 3-4, p. 209-234, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2004.07.009.","startPage":"209","endPage":"234","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209622,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2004.07.009"},{"id":236281,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"76","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0fcde4b0c8380cd53a14","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Obermeier, S. F.","contributorId":17602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Obermeier","given":"S. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olson, S.M.","contributorId":59225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Green, R.A.","contributorId":52378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031551,"text":"70031551 - 2005 - High-resolution surveys for geohazards and shallow gas: NW Adriatic (Italy) and Iskenderun Bay (Turkey)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:10","indexId":"70031551","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2668,"text":"Marine Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High-resolution surveys for geohazards and shallow gas: NW Adriatic (Italy) and Iskenderun Bay (Turkey)","docAbstract":"The need for quantifying and understanding the distribution of shallow gas is both of academic interest and of relevance to offshore facilities. The combination of seafloor mapping, subbottom profiling, and multi-channel seismic data can provide information on regions of possible shallow gas, where the gas impacts the acoustic properties of the host material and the seafloor. In this paper, we present two case studies - one academic and one industry - that evaluate the distribution of shallow gas in two field areas in the Mediterranean. In the first case study, geophysical data from Iskenderun Bay, southeastern Turkey, indicate the presence and distribution of shallow gas. Pockmarks on the seafloor are associated with acoustic wipeout in the shallow subbottom data. Although deeper seismic data do not show bright spots or other indicators of possible gas, instantaneous frequency analysis clearly shows laterally restricted anomalies indicating gas-rich zones. The interpretation of possible shallow gas resulted in moving a proposed drilling location to a nearby area characterized by fewer (but still present) shallow gas signatures. In the second case study, cores acquired in the Po Delta, Adriatic Sea, provide quantitative ground-truthing of shallow gas - as suggested by geophysical data - and provide minimum estimates of the percentage of gas in the subsurface. Cores targeted on anomalous subbottom data yielded up to 41,000 ppm methane; cores with anomalous gas content are associated with thick recent flood deposits which may effectively isolate reactive terrigenous organic matter from biologic and physical re-working. ?? Springer 2005.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Geophysical Researches","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11001-005-3722-9","issn":"00253235","usgsCitation":"Orange, D., Garcia-Garcia, A., McConnell, D., Lorenson, T., Fortier, G., Trincardi, F., and Can, E., 2005, High-resolution surveys for geohazards and shallow gas: NW Adriatic (Italy) and Iskenderun Bay (Turkey): Marine Geophysical Research, v. 26, no. 2-4, p. 247-266, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11001-005-3722-9.","startPage":"247","endPage":"266","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212416,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11001-005-3722-9"},{"id":239899,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3139e4b0c8380cd5dd39","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Orange, D.L.","contributorId":31814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orange","given":"D.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garcia-Garcia, Ana","contributorId":43958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia-Garcia","given":"Ana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McConnell, D.","contributorId":47166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McConnell","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lorenson, T.","contributorId":88915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenson","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fortier, G.","contributorId":69783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fortier","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Trincardi, F.","contributorId":94794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trincardi","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Can, E.","contributorId":13436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Can","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70031550,"text":"70031550 - 2005 - Functional classification of mitochondrion-rich cells in euryhaline Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) embryos, by means of triple immunofluorescence staining for Na+/K+-ATPase, Na +/K+/2Cl- cotransporter and CFTR anion channel","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:10","indexId":"70031550","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2275,"text":"Journal of Experimental Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Functional classification of mitochondrion-rich cells in euryhaline Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) embryos, by means of triple immunofluorescence staining for Na+/K+-ATPase, Na +/K+/2Cl- cotransporter and CFTR anion channel","docAbstract":"Mozambique tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus embryos were transferred from freshwater to seawater and vice versa, and short-term changes in the localization of three major ion transport proteins, Na+/K +-ATPase, Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter (NKCC) and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) were examined within mitochondrion-rich cells (MRCs) in the embryonic yolk-sac membrane. Triple-color immunofluorescence staining allowed us to classify MRCs into four types: type I, showing only basolateral Na+/K +-ATPase staining; type II, basolateral Na+/K +-ATPase and apical NKCC; type III, basolateral Na+/K +-ATPase and basolateral NKCC; type IV, basolateral Na +/K+-ATPase, basolateral NKCC and apical CFTR. In freshwater, type-I, type-II and type-III cells were observed. Following transfer from freshwater to seawater, type-IV cells appeared at 12 h and showed a remarkable increase in number between 24 h and 48 h, whereas type-III cells disappeared. When transferred from seawater back to freshwater, type-IV cells decreased and disappeared at 48 h, type-III cells increased, and type-II cells, which were not found in seawater, appeared at 12 h and increased in number thereafter. Type-I cells existed consistently irrespective of salinity changes. These results suggest that type I is an immature MRC, type II is a freshwater-type ion absorptive cell, type III is a dormant type-IV cell and/or an ion absorptive cell (with a different mechanism from type II), and type IV is a seawater-type ion secretory cell. The intracellular localization of the three ion transport proteins in type-IV cells is completely consistent with a widely accepted model for ion secretion by MRCs. A new model for ion absorption is proposed based on type-II cells possessing apical NKCC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Experimental Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1242/jeb.01611","issn":"00220949","usgsCitation":"Hiroi, J., McCormick, S., Ohtani-Kaneko, R., and Kaneko, T., 2005, Functional classification of mitochondrion-rich cells in euryhaline Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) embryos, by means of triple immunofluorescence staining for Na+/K+-ATPase, Na +/K+/2Cl- cotransporter and CFTR anion channel: Journal of Experimental Biology, v. 208, no. 11, p. 2023-2036, https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.01611.","startPage":"2023","endPage":"2036","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478046,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.01611","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":212415,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.01611"},{"id":239898,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"208","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1410e4b0c8380cd548b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hiroi, J.","contributorId":48289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hiroi","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCormick, S. D. 0000-0003-0621-6200","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":20278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"S. D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":432045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ohtani-Kaneko, R.","contributorId":71000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ohtani-Kaneko","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kaneko, T.","contributorId":31509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaneko","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031546,"text":"70031546 - 2005 - Assessment of regional management strategies for controlling seawater intrusion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:11","indexId":"70031546","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2501,"text":"Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of regional management strategies for controlling seawater intrusion","docAbstract":"Simulation-optimization methods, applied with adequate sensitivity tests, can provide useful quantitative guidance for controlling seawater intrusion. This is demonstrated in an application to the West Coast Basin of coastal Los Angeles that considers two management options for improving hydraulic control of seawater intrusion: increased injection into barrier wells and in lieu delivery of surface water to replace current pumpage. For the base-case optimization analysis, assuming constant groundwater demand, in lieu delivery was determined to be most cost effective. Reduced-cost information from the optimization provided guidance for prioritizing locations for in lieu delivery. Model sensitivity to a suite of hydrologic, economic, and policy factors was tested. Raising the imposed average water-level constraint at the hydraulic-control locations resulted in nonlinear increases in cost. Systematic varying of the relative costs of injection and in lieu water yielded a trade-off curve between relative costs and injection/in lieu amounts. Changing the assumed future scenario to one of increasing pumpage in the adjacent Central Basin caused a small increase in the computed costs of seawater intrusion control. Changing the assumed boundary condition representing interaction with an adjacent basin did not affect the optimization results. Reducing the assumed hydraulic conductivity of the main productive aquifer resulted in a large increase in the model-computed cost. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management ?? ASCE.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2005)131:4(280)","issn":"07339496","usgsCitation":"Reichard, E., and Johnson, T., 2005, Assessment of regional management strategies for controlling seawater intrusion: Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, v. 131, no. 4, p. 280-291, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2005)131:4(280).","startPage":"280","endPage":"291","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212328,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2005)131:4(280)"},{"id":239795,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"131","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee4fe4b0c8380cd49cbb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reichard, E.G. 0000-0002-7310-3866","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7310-3866","contributorId":40635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reichard","given":"E.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, T.A.","contributorId":72593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70031522,"text":"70031522 - 2005 - Release of volatiles from a possible cryovolcano from near-infrared imaging of Titan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:14","indexId":"70031522","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Release of volatiles from a possible cryovolcano from near-infrared imaging of Titan","docAbstract":"Titan is the only satellite in our Solar System with a dense atmosphere. The surface pressure is 1.5 bar (ref. 1) and, similar to the Earth, N 2 is the main component of the atmosphere. Methane is the second most important component, but it is photodissociated on a timescale of 10 years (ref. 3). This short timescale has led to the suggestion that Titan may possess a surface or subsurface reservoir of hydrocarbons to replenish the atmosphere. Here we report near-infrared images of Titan obtained on 26 October 2004 by the Cassini spacecraft. The images show that a widespread methane ocean does not exist; subtle albedo variations instead suggest topographical variations, as would be expected for a more solid (perhaps icy) surface. We also find a circular structure ???30 km in diameter that does not resemble any features seen on other icy satellites. We propose that the structure is a dome formed by upwelling icy plumes that release methane into Titan's atmosphere.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/nature03596","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Sotin, C., Jaumann, R., Buratti, B.J., Brown, R.H., Clark, R.N., Soderblom, L., Baines, K.H., Bellucci, G., Bibring, J., Capaccioni, F., Cerroni, P., Combes, M., Coradini, A., Cruikshank, D.P., Drossart, P., Formisano, V., Langevin, Y., Matson, D.L., McCord, T.B., Nelson, R., Nicholson, P.D., Sicardy, B., Lemouelic, S., Rodriguez, S., Stephan, K., and Scholz, C., 2005, Release of volatiles from a possible cryovolcano from near-infrared imaging of Titan: Nature, v. 435, no. 7043, p. 786-789, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03596.","startPage":"786","endPage":"789","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477832,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://u-paris.hal.science/hal-03657592","text":"External Repository"},{"id":212474,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature03596"},{"id":239964,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"435","issue":"7043","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa6afe4b0c8380cd84fbd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sotin, Christophe","contributorId":53924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sotin","given":"Christophe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jaumann, R.","contributorId":81232,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jaumann","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buratti, B. 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This new species is named in honour of Mr Raymond Haas. Fossils of I. rayhaasi have been recovered from the Upper Maastrichtian Fox Hills Formation and the Breien Member and an unnamed member of the Hell Creek Formation at sites in south-central North Dakota and north-central South Dakota, USA. Ischyodus rayhaasi inhabited shallow marine waters in the central part of the Western Interior Seaway during the latest Cretaceous. Apparently it was also present in similar habitats at that time in the Volga region of Russia. Ischyodus rayhaasi is the youngest Cretaceous species Ischyodus known to exist before the Cretaceous/Tertiary extinction, and the species apparently did not survive that event. It was replaced by Ischyodus dolloi, which is found in the Paleocene Cannonball Formation of the Williston Basin region of North Dakota and is widely distributed elsewhere. ?? The Palaeontological Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Palaeontology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00475.x","issn":"00310239","usgsCitation":"Hoganson, J., and Erickson, J., 2005, A new species of Ischyodus (Chondrichthyes: Holocephali: Callorhynchidae) from Upper Maastrichtian Shallow marine facies of the Fox Hills and Hell Creek Formations, Williston basin, North Dakota, USA: Palaeontology, v. 48, no. 4, p. 709-721, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00475.x.","startPage":"709","endPage":"721","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477965,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00475.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":212174,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00475.x"},{"id":239624,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-07-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e4b2e4b0c8380cd46858","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoganson, J.W.","contributorId":100127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoganson","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Erickson, J.M.","contributorId":15033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erickson","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70031429,"text":"70031429 - 2005 - Effects of drought on shrub survival and longevity in the northern Sonoran Desert","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-25T16:16:38.590168","indexId":"70031429","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2571,"text":"Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of drought on shrub survival and longevity in the northern Sonoran Desert","docAbstract":"Effects of drought on shrub survival and longevity in the northern Sonoran Desert. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 132: 421–431. 2005.—Permanent vegetation plots in the northern Sonoran Desert, USA, provided an opportunity to assess the effects of recent drought on desert shrubs and to examine survival in relation to rainfall variability during the past 76 years. Survival and maximum longevity of six species were determined for eight intercensus periods between 1928 and 2004. Average annual survival was Ambrosia deltoidea, 0.9167 ± 0.0415; Encelia farinosa, 0.7952 ± 0.0926; Janusia gracilis, 0.9334 ± 0.0247; Krameria grayi, 0.9702 ± 0.0270; Larrea tridentata, 0.9861 ± 0.0174; and Lycium berlandieri, 0.9910 ± 0.0077. The longest-lived species were Larrea, Lycium, and Krameria, with average maximum life spans of 330, 211, and 184 years. Janusia, Ambrosia, and Encelia were much shorter lived, with average maximum longevity of 53, 40, and 16 years. Winter rain equalled or exceeded 90% of the long-term average accumulation except during 1948 to 1959 (65% of average) and from 2001 to 2003 (49% of average). Summer rain did not drop below 90% of the average accumulation in any period. The 1950s drought caused modest declines in survival of Ambrosia, Encelia, Janusia, Krameria, and Lycium. The effects of the recent drought were much more pronounced, resulting in sharp declines in survival and maximum longevity of Ambrosia, Encelia, Krameria, and Larrea, and modest declines for Lycium. Despite heightened mortality during the recent severe drought, 72% of the deaths observed between 1928 and 2004 occurred during periods of average or better-than-average rain, providing support for the idea that demography of shrubs in arid regions is influenced by continuous as well as episodic processes.
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