This report evaluates the performance of a numerical model of the ground-water system in northern Utah Valley, Utah, that originally simulated ground-water conditions during 1947-1980 and was updated to include conditions estimated for 1981-2002. Estimates of annual recharge to the ground-water system and discharge from wells in the area were added to the original ground-water flow model of the area.
The files used in the original transient-state model of the ground-water flow system in northern Utah Valley were imported into MODFLOW-96, an updated version of MODFLOW. The main model input files modified as part of this effort were the well and recharge files. Discharge from pumping wells in northern Utah Valley was estimated on an annual basis for 1981-2002. Although the amount of average annual withdrawals from wells has not changed much since the previous study, there have been changes in the distribution of well discharge in the area. Discharge estimates for flowing wells during 1981-2002 were assumed to be the same as those used in the last stress period of the original model because of a lack of new data. Variations in annual recharge were assumed to be proportional to changes in total surface-water inflow to northern Utah Valley. Recharge specified in the model during the additional stress periods varied from 255,000 acre-feet in 1986 to 137,000 acre-feet in 1992.
The ability of the updated transient-state model to match hydrologic conditions determined for 1981-2002 was evaluated by comparing water-level changes measured in wells to those computed by the model. Water-level measurements made in February, March, or April were available for 39 wells in the modeled area during all or part of 1981-2003. In most cases, the magnitude and direction of annual water-level change from 1981 to 2002 simulated by the updated model reasonably matched the measured change. The greater-than-normal precipitation that occurred during 1982-84 resulted in period-of-record high water levels measured in many of the observation wells in March 1984. The model-computed water levels at the end of 1982-84 also are among the highest for the period. Both measured and computed water levels decreased during the period representing ground-water conditions from 1999 to 2002. Precipitation was less than normal during 1999-2002.
The ability of the model to adequately simulate climatic extremes such as the wetter-than-normal conditions of 1982-84 and the drier-than-normal conditions of 1999-2002 indicates that the annual variation of recharge to the ground-water system based on streamflow entering the valley, which in turn is primarily dependent upon precipitation, is appropriate but can be improved. The updated transient-state model of the ground-water system in northern Utah Valley can be improved by making revisions on the basis of currently available data and information.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","doi":"10.3133/sir20065064","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Central Utah Water Conservancy District; Jordan Valley Water Conservancy District representing Draper City; Highland Water Company; Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights; and the municipalities of Alpine, American Fork, Cedar Hills, Eagle Mountain, Highland, Lehi, Lindon, Orem, Pleasant Grove, Provo, Saratoga Springs, and Vineyard","usgsCitation":"Thiros, S.A., 2006, Evaluation of the ground-water flow model for northern Utah Valley, Utah, updated to conditions through 2002 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5064, iv, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065064.","productDescription":"iv, 28 p.","numberOfPages":"28","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190870,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7256,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5064/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Northern Utah Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.06054687499999,\n 40.04023218690451\n ],\n [\n -112.06054687499999,\n 40.65563874006118\n ],\n [\n -111.4617919921875,\n 40.65563874006118\n ],\n [\n -111.4617919921875,\n 40.04023218690451\n ],\n [\n -112.06054687499999,\n 40.04023218690451\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa402","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thiros, Susan A. 0000-0002-8544-553X sthiros@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8544-553X","contributorId":965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thiros","given":"Susan","email":"sthiros@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":76518,"text":"wdrUT051 - 2006 - Water resources data, Utah, water year 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-03T14:50:23","indexId":"wdrUT051","displayToPublicDate":"2006-04-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"UT-05-1","title":"Water resources data, Utah, water year 2005","docAbstract":"Water-resources data for the 2005 water year for Utah consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage and contents of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality of ground water. This report contains discharge records for 165 gaging stations; stage and contents for 8 lakes and reservoirs; water quality for 22 hydrologic stations, and 57 wells; water levels for 65 observation wells; and precipitation for 3 stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites not involved in the systematic data-collection program and are published as miscellaneous measurements. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Utah.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","doi":"10.3133/wdrUT051","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Utah and other cooperators and agencies","usgsCitation":"Wilberg, D., Tibbetts, J., Enright, M., Burden, C., Smith, C., and Angeroth, C., 2006, Water resources data, Utah, water year 2005 (Online only): U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report UT-05-1, xxxvi, 719 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrUT051.","productDescription":"xxxvi, 719 p.","numberOfPages":"735","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":7192,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/2005/wdr-ut-05/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":190626,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","edition":"Online only","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f5e4b07f02db5f0ae8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilberg, Dale E.","contributorId":60215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilberg","given":"Dale E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tibbetts, J.R.","contributorId":63470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tibbetts","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Enright, Michael","contributorId":99979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enright","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burden, C.B.","contributorId":63843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burden","given":"C.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, Cynthia","contributorId":93139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Cynthia","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Angeroth, C.E.","contributorId":55084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angeroth","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":76520,"text":"ds168 - 2006 - Water-Quality Data for the Lower Russian River Basin, Sonoma County, California, 2003-2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:43","indexId":"ds168","displayToPublicDate":"2006-04-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"168","title":"Water-Quality Data for the Lower Russian River Basin, Sonoma County, California, 2003-2004","docAbstract":"In 2003, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Sonoma County Water Agency, began a study to determine the chemical, microbiological, and isotopic composition of the surface water and ground water in selected areas of the Lower Russian River Basin, Sonoma County, California. This report is a compilation of the hydrologic and water-quality data collected from 10 Russian River sites, 1 gravel-terrace pit site, 12 ground-water sites, 11 tributary sites including Mark West Creek, and 2 estuary sites between the city of Healdsburg and the Pacific Ocean, for the period August 2003 to September 2004. \r\n\r\nField measurements made included streamflow, barometric pressure, dissolved oxygen, pH, specific conductance, and turbidity. Water samples were analyzed for nutrients, major ions, total and dissolved organic carbon, trace elements, mercury, wastewater compounds, total coliform, Escherichia coli, Enterococci, Clostridium perfringens, and the stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen. Discharge measurements and sampling techniques were modified to accommodate the very low summer flows at most of the tributaries, and discharge measurements were made with an acoustic Doppler velocity meter at the estuary river site to overcome the complexities associated with tidal influences.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ds168","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Sonoma County Water Agency","usgsCitation":"Anders, R., Davidek, K., and Koczot, K.M., 2006, Water-Quality Data for the Lower Russian River Basin, Sonoma County, California, 2003-2004: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 168, viii, 70 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds168.","productDescription":"viii, 70 p.","numberOfPages":"79","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2003-08-01","temporalEnd":"2004-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194627,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7242,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/ds168/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124,37.5 ], [ -124,39.5 ], [ -122,39.5 ], [ -122,37.5 ], [ -124,37.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd0f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anders, Robert 0000-0002-2363-9072 randers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2363-9072","contributorId":1210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anders","given":"Robert","email":"randers@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davidek, Karl","contributorId":103372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davidek","given":"Karl","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koczot, Kathryn M. 0000-0001-5728-9798 kmkoczot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5728-9798","contributorId":2039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koczot","given":"Kathryn","email":"kmkoczot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":76523,"text":"ds165 - 2006 - Concentration of selected herbicides, herbicide degradation products, and nutrients in the lower Mississippi River, Louisiana, April 1991 through December 2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-26T11:32:35","indexId":"ds165","displayToPublicDate":"2006-04-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"165","title":"Concentration of selected herbicides, herbicide degradation products, and nutrients in the lower Mississippi River, Louisiana, April 1991 through December 2003","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds165","usgsCitation":"Scribner, E.A., Goolsby, D.A., Battaglin, W.A., Meyer, M.T., and Thurman, E., 2006, Concentration of selected herbicides, herbicide degradation products, and nutrients in the lower Mississippi River, Louisiana, April 1991 through December 2003: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 165, 83 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds165.","productDescription":"83 p.","numberOfPages":"83","temporalStart":"1991-04-01","temporalEnd":"2003-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194668,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7245,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/ds165/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.2744140625,\n 33.00866349457558\n ],\n [\n -91.4501953125,\n 32.39851580247402\n ],\n [\n -91.845703125,\n 31.690781806136822\n ],\n [\n -91.82373046875,\n 29.458731185355344\n ],\n [\n -89.62646484375,\n 29.017748018496047\n ],\n [\n -88.9453125,\n 29.554345125748267\n ],\n [\n -90.37353515625,\n 30.56226095049944\n ],\n [\n -90.791015625,\n 30.789036751261136\n ],\n [\n -91.2744140625,\n 31.109388560814963\n ],\n [\n -91.2744140625,\n 31.522361470421437\n ],\n [\n -90.791015625,\n 32.45415593941475\n ],\n [\n -90.85693359375,\n 33.08233672856376\n ],\n [\n -91.2744140625,\n 33.00866349457558\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a636c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scribner, Elisabeth A.","contributorId":80265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scribner","given":"Elisabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goolsby, Donald A.","contributorId":46083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goolsby","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Battaglin, William A. 0000-0001-7287-7096 wbattagl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7287-7096","contributorId":1527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battaglin","given":"William","email":"wbattagl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meyer, Michael T. 0000-0001-6006-7985 mmeyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-7985","contributorId":866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Michael","email":"mmeyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thurman, E.M.","contributorId":102864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":76393,"text":"tm6A12 - 2006 - MODFLOW-2005, the U.S. Geological Survey modular ground-water model - documentation of shared node local grid refinement (LGR) and the boundary flow and head (BFH) package","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-04T09:43:30","indexId":"tm6A12","displayToPublicDate":"2006-04-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"6-A12","title":"MODFLOW-2005, the U.S. Geological Survey modular ground-water model - documentation of shared node local grid refinement (LGR) and the boundary flow and head (BFH) package","docAbstract":"This report documents the addition of shared node Local Grid Refinement (LGR) to MODFLOW-2005, the U.S. Geological Survey modular, transient, three-dimensional, finite-difference ground-water flow model. LGR provides the capability to simulate ground-water flow using one block-shaped higher-resolution local grid (a child model) within a coarser-grid parent model. LGR accomplishes this by iteratively coupling two separate MODFLOW-2005 models such that heads and fluxes are balanced across the shared interfacing boundary. LGR can be used in two-and three-dimensional, steady-state and transient simulations and for simulations of confined and unconfined ground-water systems.\r\n\r\n Traditional one-way coupled telescopic mesh refinement (TMR) methods can have large, often undetected, inconsistencies in heads and fluxes across the interface between two model grids. The iteratively coupled shared-node method of LGR provides a more rigorous coupling in which the solution accuracy is controlled by convergence criteria defined by the user. In realistic problems, this can result in substantially more accurate solutions and require an increase in computer processing time. The rigorous coupling enables sensitivity analysis, parameter estimation, and uncertainty analysis that reflects conditions in both model grids. \r\n\r\n This report describes the method used by LGR, evaluates LGR accuracy and performance for two- and three-dimensional test cases, provides input instructions, and lists selected input and output files for an example problem. It also presents the Boundary Flow and Head (BFH) Package, which allows the child and parent models to be simulated independently using the boundary conditions obtained through the iterative process of LGR.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Book 6: Modeling techniques, Section A. Ground-water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tm6A12","usgsCitation":"Mehl, S.W., and Hill, M.C., 2006, MODFLOW-2005, the U.S. Geological Survey modular ground-water model - documentation of shared node local grid refinement (LGR) and the boundary flow and head (BFH) package: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 6-A12, 78 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm6A12.","productDescription":"78 p.","numberOfPages":"78","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194703,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7179,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/2006/tm6a12/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db648d0f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mehl, Steffen W. swmehl@usgs.gov","contributorId":975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mehl","given":"Steffen","email":"swmehl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":287179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, Mary C. mchill@usgs.gov","contributorId":974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Mary","email":"mchill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":76383,"text":"tm5B1 - 2006 - Chapter 1. Determination of elements in natural-water, biota, sediment, and soil samples using collision/reaction cell inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-26T11:59:40","indexId":"tm5B1","displayToPublicDate":"2006-04-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"5-B1","title":"Chapter 1. Determination of elements in natural-water, biota, sediment, and soil samples using collision/reaction cell inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Book 5. Laboratory Analysis, Section B. Methods of the National Water Quality Laboratory","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tm5B1","usgsCitation":"Garbarino, J.R., Kanagy, L.K., and Cree, M.E., 2006, Chapter 1. Determination of elements in natural-water, biota, sediment, and soil samples using collision/reaction cell inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 5-B1, xi, 87 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm5B1.","productDescription":"xi, 87 p.","numberOfPages":"96","costCenters":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194702,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7848,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/2006/tm5b1/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e4e4b07f02db5e5fef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garbarino, John R. jrgarb@usgs.gov","contributorId":2189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garbarino","given":"John","email":"jrgarb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kanagy, Leslie K. 0000-0001-5073-8538 lkkanagy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5073-8538","contributorId":4543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kanagy","given":"Leslie","email":"lkkanagy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cree, Mark E.","contributorId":57172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cree","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":76323,"text":"sir20055265 - 2006 - Geochemistry of mine waste and mill tailings, meadow deposits, and stream bed sediment and the general hydrology and water quality of the Frohner Meadows area, Upper Lump Gulch, Jefferson County, Montana","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":56322,"text":"ofr20041254 - 2004 - Geochemistry of mine waste and mill tailings, meadow deposits, streambed sediments, and the general hydrology and water quality for the Frohner Meadows area, upper Lump Gulch, Jefferson County, Montana","indexId":"ofr20041254","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"title":"Geochemistry of mine waste and mill tailings, meadow deposits, streambed sediments, and the general hydrology and water quality for the Frohner Meadows area, upper Lump Gulch, Jefferson County, Montana"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":76323,"text":"sir20055265 - 2006 - Geochemistry of mine waste and mill tailings, meadow deposits, and stream bed sediment and the general hydrology and water quality of the Frohner Meadows area, Upper Lump Gulch, Jefferson County, Montana","indexId":"sir20055265","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"Geochemistry of mine waste and mill tailings, meadow deposits, and stream bed sediment and the general hydrology and water quality of the Frohner Meadows area, Upper Lump Gulch, Jefferson County, Montana"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-06T21:43:55.365866","indexId":"sir20055265","displayToPublicDate":"2006-04-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-5265","title":"Geochemistry of mine waste and mill tailings, meadow deposits, and stream bed sediment and the general hydrology and water quality of the Frohner Meadows area, Upper Lump Gulch, Jefferson County, Montana","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20055265","usgsCitation":"Klein, T.L., Cannon, M.R., and Fey, D.L., 2006, Geochemistry of mine waste and mill tailings, meadow deposits, and stream bed sediment and the general hydrology and water quality of the Frohner Meadows area, Upper Lump Gulch, Jefferson County, Montana (Online only, Version 1.0, Supersedes OFR 2004-1254): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5265, vi, 50 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20055265.","productDescription":"vi, 50 p.","numberOfPages":"56","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":194633,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7178,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5265/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","county":"Jefferson County","otherGeospatial":"Frohner Meadows area, upper Lump Gulch","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.2192,\n 46.4539\n ],\n [\n -112.2192,\n 46.433\n ],\n [\n -112.1872,\n 46.433\n ],\n [\n -112.1872,\n 46.4539\n ],\n [\n -112.2192,\n 46.4539\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Online only, Version 1.0, Supersedes OFR 2004-1254","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1fe4b07f02db6aab3e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klein, Terry L. tklein@usgs.gov","contributorId":1244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klein","given":"Terry","email":"tklein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cannon, Michael R.","contributorId":37411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fey, David L. dfey@usgs.gov","contributorId":713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fey","given":"David","email":"dfey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70179210,"text":"70179210 - 2006 - Special issue: Terrestrial fluids, earthquakes and volcanoes: The Hiroshi Wakita volume I","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-21T20:02:29","indexId":"70179210","displayToPublicDate":"2006-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3208,"text":"Pure and Applied Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Special issue: Terrestrial fluids, earthquakes and volcanoes: The Hiroshi Wakita volume I","docAbstract":"Terrestrial Fluids, Earthquakes and Volcanoes: The Hiroshi Wakita Volume I is a special publication to honor Professor Hiroshi Wakita for his scientific contributions. This volume consists of 17 original papers dealing with various aspects of the role of terrestrial fluids in earthquake and volcanic processes, which reflect Prof. Wakita’s wide scope of research interests.
Professor Wakita co-founded the Laboratory for Earthquake Chemistry in 1978 and served as its director from 1988 until his retirement from the university in 1997. He has made the laboratory a leading world center for studying earthquakes and volcanic activities by means of geochemical and hydrological methods. Together with his research team and a number of foreign guest researchers that he attracted, he has made many significant contributions in the above-mentioned scientific fields of interest. This achievement is a testimony to not only his scientific talent, but also his enthusiasm, his open mindedness, and his drive in obtaining both human and financial support.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es068003k","usgsCitation":"Barber, L.B., Keefe, S.H., Antweiler, R.C., Taylor, H.E., and Wass, R.D., 2006, Response to comment on \"Accumulation of contaminants in fish from wastewater treatment wetlands\": Environmental Science & Technology, v. 40, no. 10, p. 3438-3439, https://doi.org/10.1021/es068003k.","productDescription":"2 p. 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Abandoned and inactive mines cause many significant environmental concerns in hundreds of watersheds. Those who have responsibility to address these environmental concerns must have a basic level of scientific information about mining and mine wastes in a watershed prior to initiating remediation activities. To demonstrate what information is needed and how to obtain that information, the U.S. Geological Survey implemented the Abandoned Mine Lands (AML) Initiative from 1997 to 2002 with demonstration studies in the Boulder River watershed in Montana and the Animas River watershed in Colorado. The AML Initiative included collection and analysis of geologic, hydrologic, geochemical, geophysical, and biological data. The synergy of this interdisciplinary analysis produced a perspective of the environmental concerns that could not have come from a single discipline. Two examples of these perspectives include (1) the combination of hydrological tracer techniques, structural geology, and geophysics help to understand the spatial distribution of loading to the streams in a way that cannot be evaluated by monitoring at a catchment outlet, and (2) the combination of toxicology and hydrology combine to illustrate that seasonal variability of toxicity conditions occurs. Lessons have been learned by listening to and collaborating with land-management agencies to understand their needs and by applying interdisciplinary methods to answer their questions.
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These flood sediment deposits have been the focus of extensive study by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality (LDEQ) due to concerns that the sediments may contain elevated levels of heavy metals, organic contaminants, and microbes.\r\n\r\nThe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is characterizing a limited number of flood sediment samples that were collected on September 15-16 and October 6-7, 2005, from the greater New Orleans area by personnel from the USGS Louisiana Water Science Center in Baton Rouge. Small samples (< 3 pints each) of wet to dry flood sediment were collected from 11 localities around downtown New Orleans on September 15, 2005, and two large samples (40 pints each) of wet flood sediment were collected from the Chalmette area on September 16. Twelve additional samples (8-10 pints each) were collected from New Orleans, Slidell, Rigolets, and Violet on October 6 and 7. \r\n\r\nThe USGS characterization studies of these flood sediments are designed to produce data and interpretations regarding how the sediments and any contained contaminants may respond to environmental processes. This information will be of use to cleanup managers and DoI/USGS scientists assessing environmental impacts of the hurricanes and subsequent cleanup activities.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061023","usgsCitation":"Plumlee, G.S., Meeker, G.P., Lovelace, J.K., Rosenbauer, R.J., Lamothe, P.J., Furlong, E.T., and Demas, C.R., 2006, USGS environmental characterization of flood sediments left in the New Orleans area after Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, 2005 — Progress Report (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1023, 74 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061023.","productDescription":"74 p.","numberOfPages":"74","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":420134,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_80643.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":7131,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1023/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":194754,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","city":"New Orleans","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.3076171875,\n 29.611670115197377\n ],\n [\n -89.439697265625,\n 29.611670115197377\n ],\n [\n -89.439697265625,\n 30.344435586368462\n ],\n [\n -90.3076171875,\n 30.344435586368462\n ],\n [\n -90.3076171875,\n 29.611670115197377\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db611031","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plumlee, Geoffrey S. 0000-0002-9607-5626 gplumlee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9607-5626","contributorId":960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumlee","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gplumlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meeker, Gregory P.","contributorId":62974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meeker","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lovelace, John K. 0000-0002-8532-2599 jlovelac@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8532-2599","contributorId":999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovelace","given":"John","email":"jlovelac@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rosenbauer, Robert J. brosenbauer@usgs.gov","contributorId":204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenbauer","given":"Robert","email":"brosenbauer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lamothe, Paul J. plamothe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamothe","given":"Paul","email":"plamothe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":287119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Furlong, Edward T. 0000-0002-7305-4603 efurlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7305-4603","contributorId":740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furlong","given":"Edward","email":"efurlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Demas, Charles R.","contributorId":36121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demas","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":76283,"text":"sir20065004 - 2006 - Questa baseline and pre-mining ground-water quality investigation. 23. Quantification of mass loading from mined and unmined areas along the Red River, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-18T19:10:34.764585","indexId":"sir20065004","displayToPublicDate":"2006-03-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5004","title":"Questa baseline and pre-mining ground-water quality investigation. 23. Quantification of mass loading from mined and unmined areas along the Red River, New Mexico","docAbstract":"Along the course of the Red River, between the town of Red River, New Mexico, and the U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging station near Questa, New Mexico, there are several catchments that contain hydrothermally altered bedrock. Some of these alteration zones have been mined and others have not, presenting an opportunity to evaluate differences that may exist in the mass loading of metals from mined and unmined sections. Such differences may help to define pre-mining conditions. Spatially detailed chemical sampling at stream and inflow sites occurred during low-flow conditions in 2001 and 2002, and during the synoptic sampling, stream discharge was calculated by tracer dilution. Discharge from most catchments, particularly those with alteration scars, occurred as ground water in large debris fans, which generally traveled downstream in an alluvial aquifer until geomorphic constraints caused it to discharge at several locations along the study reach. Locations of discharge zones were indicated by the occurrence of numerous inflows as seeps and springs. Inflows were classified into four groups, based on differences in chemical character, which ranged from near-neutral water showing no influence of mining or alteration weathering to acidic water with high concentrations of metals and sulfate. Acidic, metal-rich inflows occurred from mined and unmined areas, but the most-acidic inflow water that had the highest concentrations of metals and sulfate only occurred downstream from the mine. Locations of ground-water inflow also corresponded to substantial changes in stream chemistry and mass loading of metals and sulfate. The greatest loading occurred in the Cabin Springs, Thunder Bridge, and Capulin Canyon sections, which all occur downstream from the mine. A distinct chemical character and substantially greater loading in water downstream from the mine suggest that there could be impacts from mining that can be distinguished from the water draining from unmined areas.
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Quantification of mass loading from mined and unmined areas along the Red River, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5004, v, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065004.","productDescription":"v, 44 p.","numberOfPages":"53","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":415933,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_76348.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":194782,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7134,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5004/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Red River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.5833,\n 36.6667\n ],\n [\n -105.5833,\n 36.75\n ],\n [\n -105.3981,\n 36.75\n ],\n [\n -105.3981,\n 36.6667\n ],\n [\n -105.5833,\n 36.6667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a0dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kimball, Briant A. bkimball@usgs.gov","contributorId":533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimball","given":"Briant","email":"bkimball@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":287133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Runkel, Robert L. 0000-0003-3220-481X runkel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-481X","contributorId":685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"Robert","email":"runkel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vincent, Kirk R.","contributorId":64735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vincent","given":"Kirk","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Verplanck, Phillip L. 0000-0002-3653-6419","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3653-6419","contributorId":62698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verplanck","given":"Phillip","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":76293,"text":"sir20065028 - 2006 - Questa baseline and pre-mining ground-water quality investigation. 20. Water chemistry of the Red River and selected seeps, tributaries, and precipitation, Taos County, New Mexico, 2000-2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-21T12:09:18","indexId":"sir20065028","displayToPublicDate":"2006-03-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5028","title":"Questa baseline and pre-mining ground-water quality investigation. 20. Water chemistry of the Red River and selected seeps, tributaries, and precipitation, Taos County, New Mexico, 2000-2004","docAbstract":"As part of a multi-year project to infer the pre-mining ground-water quality at Molycorp's Questa mine site, surface-water samples of the Red River, some of its tributaries, seeps, and snow samples were collected for analysis of inorganic solutes and of water and sulfate stable isotopes in selected samples. The primary aim of this study was to document diel, storm event, and seasonal variations in water chemistry for the Red River and similar variations in water chemistry for Straight Creek, a natural analog site similar in topography, hydrology, and geology to the mine site for inferring pre-mining water-quality conditions.\r\n\r\nRed River water samples collected between 2000 and 2004 show that the largest variations in water chemistry occur during late summer rainstorms, often monsoonal in nature. Within hours, discharge of the Red River increased from 8 to 102 cubic feet per second and pH decreased from 7.80 to 4.83. The highest concentrations of metals (iron, aluminum, zinc, manganese) and sulfate also occur during such events. Low-pH and high-solute concentrations during rainstorm runoff are derived primarily from alteration 'scar' areas of naturally high mineralization combined with steep topography that exposes continually altered rock because erosion is too rapid for vegetative growth.\r\n\r\nThe year 2002 was one of the driest on record, and Red River discharge reflected the low seasonal snow pack. No snowmelt peak appeared in the hydrograph record, and a late summer storm produced the highest flow for the year. Snowmelt was closer to normal during 2003 and demonstrated the dilution effect of snowmelt on water chemistry. Two diel sampling events were conducted for the Red River, one during low flow and the other during high flow, at two locations, at the Red River gaging station and just upstream from Molycorp's mill site. No discernible diel trends were observed except for dissolved zinc and manganese at the upstream site during low flow.\r\n\r\nStraight Creek drainage water was sampled periodically from 2001 to 2004 at the down stream end of surface drainage near the point at which it disappeared into the debris fan. This water has a minimal range in pH (2.7 to 3.2) but a substantial concentration range in many solutes; for example, sulfate concentrations varied from 525 to 2,660 mg/L. Many elements covary with sulfate suggesting that dilution is the primary control of the range in solute concentrations. A transect of water samples higher in the scar area were collected in October of 2003. They had a lower range in pH (2.44 to 3.05) and higher solute concentrations than those collected periodically from lower in the catchment. Water isotopes for the upper transect samples indicated slight evaporation, and in part, may account for the higher solute concentrations. Drainage waters also were collected from Hottentot, Junebug, Hansen, Little Hansen, and Goat Hill Gulch drainages. Most constituents from other scar drainage waters showed ranges of concentration similar to those of the Straight Creek waters. An exception was water collected from Goat Hill Gulch, which has some of the highest concentrations of any surface-water sample collected but also contained waste-rock leachates.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Questa baseline and pre-mining ground-water quality investigation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20065028","usgsCitation":"Verplanck, P., McCleskey, R.B., and Nordstrom, D.K., 2006, Questa baseline and pre-mining ground-water quality investigation. 20. Water chemistry of the Red River and selected seeps, tributaries, and precipitation, Taos County, New Mexico, 2000-2004: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5028, 149 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065028.","productDescription":"149 p.","numberOfPages":"149","temporalStart":"2000-01-01","temporalEnd":"2004-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194818,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7683,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5028/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"Taos County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.55,36.733333333333334 ], [ -105.55,36.63333333333333 ], [ -105.35,36.63333333333333 ], [ -105.35,36.733333333333334 ], [ -105.55,36.733333333333334 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a0d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Verplanck, P. L. 0000-0002-3653-6419","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3653-6419","contributorId":106565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verplanck","given":"P. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCleskey, R. Blaine 0000-0002-2521-8052 rbmccles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2521-8052","contributorId":147399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCleskey","given":"R.","email":"rbmccles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Blaine","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":287135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":76233,"text":"ofr20061035 - 2006 - Preliminary Surficial Geologic Map of the Mesquite Lake 30' X 60' Quadrangle, California and Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:20","indexId":"ofr20061035","displayToPublicDate":"2006-03-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1035","title":"Preliminary Surficial Geologic Map of the Mesquite Lake 30' X 60' Quadrangle, California and Nevada","docAbstract":"The Quaternary surficial geologic map of the Mesquite Lake, California-Nevada 30'X60' quadrangle depicts deposit age and geomorphic processes of erosion and deposition, as identified by a composite of remote sensing investigations, laboratory analyses, and field work, in the arid to semi-arid Mojave Desert area, straddling the California-Nevada border. Mapping was motivated by the need to address pressing scientific and social issues such as understanding and predicting the effects of climate and associated hydrologic changes, human impacts on landscapes, ecosystem function, and natural hazards at a regional scale. As the map area lies just to the south of Las Vegas, Nevada, a rapidly expanding urban center, land use pressures and the need for additional construction materials are forecasted for the region. The map contains information on the temporal and spatial patterns of surface processes and hazards that can be used to model specific landscape applications. Key features of the geologic map include: (1) spatially extensive Holocene alluvial deposits that compose the bulk of Quaternary units (~25%), (2) remote sensing and field studies that identified fault scarps or queried faults in the Kingston Wash area, Shadow Mountains, southern Pahrump Valley, Bird Spring Range, Lucy Gray Mountains and Piute Valley, (3) a lineament indicative of potential fault offset is located in Mesquite Valley, (4) active eolian dunes and sand ramps located on the east side of Mesquite, Ivanpah, and Hidden Valleys adjacent to playas, (4) groundwater discharge deposits in southern Pahrump Valley, Spring Mountains, and Lucy Gray Mountains and (5) debris-flow deposits spanning almost the entire Quaternary period in age. ","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061035","usgsCitation":"Schmidt, K.M., and McMackin, M., 2006, Preliminary Surficial Geologic Map of the Mesquite Lake 30' X 60' Quadrangle, California and Nevada (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1035, map, 72 by 36 inches; 89 p. pamphlet; 13 p. read me file; data files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061035.","productDescription":"map, 72 by 36 inches; 89 p. pamphlet; 13 p. read me file; data files","numberOfPages":"102","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110621,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_75469.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"75469"},{"id":194753,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7130,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1035/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e423","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmidt, Kevin M. 0000-0003-2365-8035 kschmidt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2365-8035","contributorId":1985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Kevin","email":"kschmidt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McMackin, Matthew","contributorId":33801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMackin","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}