{"pageNumber":"2648","pageRowStart":"66175","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184553,"records":[{"id":5224338,"text":"5224338 - 2004 - Woodland type and spatial distribution of nymphal Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-18T17:14:17.220981","indexId":"5224338","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:54","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1536,"text":"Environmental Entomology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Woodland type and spatial distribution of nymphal <i>Ixodes scapularis</i> (Acari: Ixodidae)","title":"Woodland type and spatial distribution of nymphal Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae)","docAbstract":"<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">Spatial distribution patterns of black-legged ticks, <i>Ixodes scapularis</i>, in deciduous and coniferous woodlands were studied by sampling ticks in different woodland types and at sites from which deer had been excluded and by quantifying movement patterns of tick host animals (mammals and birds) at the Lighthouse Tract, Fire Island, NY, from 1994 to 2000. Densities of nymphal ticks were greater in deciduous than coniferous woods in 3 of 7 yr. Only engorged ticks survived the winter, and overwintering survival of engorged larvae in experimental enclosures did not differ between deciduous and coniferous woods. Nymphs were not always most abundant in the same forest type as they had been as larvae, and the habitat shift between life stages differed in direction in different years. Therefore, forest type by itself did not account for tick distribution patterns. Nymphal densities were lower where deer had been excluded compared with areas with deer present for 3 yr after exclusion, suggesting that movement patterns of vertebrate hosts influenced tick distribution, but nymphal densities increased dramatically in one of the enclosures in the fourth year. Therefore, movements of ticks on animal hosts apparently contribute substantially to tick spatial distribution among woodland types, but the factor(s) that determine spatial distribution of nymphal <i>I. scapularis</i> shift from year to year.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1603/0046-225X-33.5.1266","usgsCitation":"Ginsberg, H.S., Zhioua, E., Mitra, S., Fischer, J.L., Buckley, P.A., Verret, F., Underwood, H.B., and Buckley, F.G., 2004, Woodland type and spatial distribution of nymphal Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae): Environmental Entomology, v. 33, no. 5, p. 1266-1273, https://doi.org/10.1603/0046-225X-33.5.1266.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1266","endPage":"1273","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477984,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1603/0046-225x-33.5.1266","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":202382,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Fire Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -73.32412719726562,\n              40.62750334315296\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.31588745117188,\n              40.60769725157615\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.02337646484375,\n              40.66397287638688\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.9107666015625,\n              40.70979201243495\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.8009033203125,\n              40.74309523218185\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.75558471679688,\n              40.753499070431374\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.7459716796875,\n              40.77534183237267\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.982177734375,\n              40.701463603604594\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.23898315429688,\n              40.63688312646408\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.32412719726562,\n              40.62750334315296\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"33","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4784e4b07f02db484615","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ginsberg, Howard S. hginsberg@usgs.gov","contributorId":140901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ginsberg","given":"Howard","email":"hginsberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhioua, Elyes","contributorId":177231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhioua","given":"Elyes","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mitra, Shaibal","contributorId":177242,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mitra","given":"Shaibal","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12576,"text":"College of Staten Island, Staten Island, New York","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":341339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fischer, Jason L. 0000-0001-7226-6500 jfischer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7226-6500","contributorId":149532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischer","given":"Jason","email":"jfischer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Buckley, P. A.","contributorId":69264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckley","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Verret, Frank","contributorId":37041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verret","given":"Frank","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Underwood, H. Brian 0000-0002-2064-9128","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2064-9128","contributorId":112421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Underwood","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"Brian","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Buckley, Francine G.","contributorId":111375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckley","given":"Francine","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":5224346,"text":"5224346 - 2004 - Effects of rearing treatment on the behavior of captive whooping cranes (Grus americana)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:30","indexId":"5224346","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:54","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":827,"text":"Applied Animal Behaviour Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of rearing treatment on the behavior of captive whooping cranes (Grus americana)","docAbstract":"Small founder populations of whooping cranes are managed to maximize egg production for the purpose of reintroducing young to the wild.  This results in an excessive number of hatched chicks that cannot be naturally reared by parents. Hand-rearing techniques have been developed to raise the additional hatches.  However, hand rearing may affect the behavior of the birds and their chances of survival later in life.  The objectives of this study were to determine the impact of rearing practices on the behavior of whooping crane chicks.  The birds were reared under three commonly used rearing techniques: parent reared (PR), hand reared (HR), and hand reared with exercise (HRE).  Fifty-six whooping crane chicks were observed by focal animal sampling from hatch to 20 weeks of age.  During these observations, occurrences of comfort behavior, aggression, foraging, nonvigilance, sleep, vigilance, and other types of behavior were collected.  Data were analyzed using mixed models repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA).  Behavior was affected by rearing treatment, age, and time of day.  PR birds spent more time being vigilant than HR and HRE birds.  An inverse correlation was found between percentage of time foraging and vigilant (r = -0.686, P < 0.0001). However, there were no differences in the behavior of birds reared in HR or HRE programs.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Animal Behaviour Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.applanim.2004.07.005","collaboration":"6214_Kreger.pdf","usgsCitation":"Kreger, M., Estevez, I., Hatfield, J., and Gee, G., 2004, Effects of rearing treatment on the behavior of captive whooping cranes (Grus americana): Applied Animal Behaviour Science, v. 89, no. 3-4, p. 243-261, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2004.07.005.","productDescription":"243-261","startPage":"243","endPage":"261","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201659,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":17536,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2004.07.005","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"89","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611984","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kreger, M.D.","contributorId":25664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kreger","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Estevez, I.","contributorId":98417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estevez","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hatfield, Jeff S.","contributorId":41372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatfield","given":"Jeff S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gee, G.F.","contributorId":70335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gee","given":"G.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5224340,"text":"5224340 - 2004 - Cyanide hazards to plants and animals from gold mining and related water issues","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-28T16:59:10.233995","indexId":"5224340","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:54","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cyanide hazards to plants and animals from gold mining and related water issues","docAbstract":"Highly toxic sodium cyanide (NaCN) is used by the international mining community to extract gold and other precious metals through milling of high-grade ores and heap leaching of low-grade ores (Korte et al. 2000).  The process to concentrate gold using cyanide was developed in Scotland in 1887 and was used almost immediately in the Witwatersrand gold fields of the Republic of South Africa.  Heap leaching with cyanide was proposed by the U.S. Bureau of Mines in 1969 as a means of extracting gold from low-grade ores.  The gold industry adopted the technique in the 1970s, soon making heap leaching the dominant technology in gold extraction (Da Rosa and Lyon 1997).  The heap leach and milling processes, which involve dewatering of gold-bearing ores, spraying of dilute cyanide solutions on extremely large heaps of ores containing low concentrations of gold, or the milling of ores with the use of cyanide and subsequent recovery of the gold-cyanide complex, have created a number of serious environmental problems affecting wildlife and water management.  In this account, we review the history of cyanide use in gold mining with emphasis on heap leach gold mining, cyanide hazards to plants and animals, water management issues associated with gold mining, and proposed mitigation and research needs.","language":"English","publisher":"SpringerLink","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4419-9100-3_2","usgsCitation":"Eisler, R., and Wiemeyer, S.N., 2004, Cyanide hazards to plants and animals from gold mining and related water issues: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 183, p. 21-54, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9100-3_2.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"54","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202383,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"183","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67eb98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eisler, R.","contributorId":51869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eisler","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wiemeyer, Stanley N.","contributorId":78279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiemeyer","given":"Stanley","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5224341,"text":"5224341 - 2004 - Contaminant exposure and effects in Red-Winged Blackbirds inhabiting stormwater retention ponds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-18T17:35:59.334298","indexId":"5224341","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:54","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contaminant exposure and effects in Red-Winged Blackbirds inhabiting stormwater retention ponds","docAbstract":"<p>Stormwater wetlands are created to retain water from storms and snow melt to reduce sediment, nutrient, and contaminant pollution of natural waterways in metropolitan areas. However, they are often a source of attractive habitat to wetland-associated wildlife. In this study of 12 stormwater wetlands and a larger, older reference site, elevated concentrations of zinc and copper were found in sediments and carcasses of 8-day-old red-winged blackbird (<i>Agelaius phoeniceus</i>) nestlings inhabiting stormwater sites. Although nesting success in the stormwater wetlands was comparable to national averages, sediment zinc concentrations correlated with clutch size, hatching success, fledgling success, and Mayfield nest success, suggesting that the nestlings may have been stressed and impaired by elevated zinc. This stress may have been direct on the nestlings or indirect through effects on the availability of food organisms.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"SpringerLink","doi":"10.1007/s00267-003-0058-6","usgsCitation":"Sparling, D.W., Eisemann, J., and Kuenzel, W.J., 2004, Contaminant exposure and effects in Red-Winged Blackbirds inhabiting stormwater retention ponds: Environmental Management, v. 33, no. 5, p. 719-729, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-003-0058-6.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"719","endPage":"729","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201842,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-04-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db696ef1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sparling, D. W.","contributorId":78675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sparling","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eisemann, J.D.","contributorId":108220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eisemann","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kuenzel, Wayne J.","contributorId":15723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuenzel","given":"Wayne","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5224344,"text":"5224344 - 2004 - Avian dispersal and demography: Scaling up to the landscape and beyond","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-03T12:12:07.688262","indexId":"5224344","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:54","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Avian dispersal and demography: Scaling up to the landscape and beyond","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/condor/106.4.717","usgsCitation":"Clark, R., Hobson, K., Nichols, J., and Bearhop, S., 2004, Avian dispersal and demography: Scaling up to the landscape and beyond: Condor, v. 106, no. 4, p. 717-719, https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/106.4.717.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"717","endPage":"719","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477983,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/106.4.717","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":196410,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"106","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64af5f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, R. G.","contributorId":81446,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clark","given":"R. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hobson, K.A.","contributorId":23248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hobson","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bearhop, S.","contributorId":37028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bearhop","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5224354,"text":"5224354 - 2004 - The effect of nitrogen loading on a brackish estuarine faunal community: A stable isotope approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:11","indexId":"5224354","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:54","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1583,"text":"Estuaries","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of nitrogen loading on a brackish estuarine faunal community: A stable isotope approach","docAbstract":"Coastal ecosystems worldwide face increased nutrient enrichment from shoreline and watershed development and atmospheric pollution. We investigated the response of the faunal community of a small microtidal estuary dominated by Ruppia maritima (widgeon grass) in Maine, United States, to increased nitrogen loading using an in situ mesocosm enrichment experiment.  Community response was characterized by assessing quantitative shifts in macroin-vertebrate community composition and identifying changes in food web structure using stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios of producers and consumers.  The community was dominated by brackish water invertebrates including midge larvae, oligochaetes, damselfly larvae, amphipods, and ostracods.  Experimental nutrient additions resulted in significantly lower densities of herbivorous chironomids and predatory damselflies and greater densities of deposit feeding oligochaetes.  Grazing midge larvae (Chironomidae: Dicrotendipes, Cricotopus) consumed epiphytic algae under both natural and enriched conditions.  Deposit feeding Chironomus was dependent on allochthonous sources of detritus under natural conditions and exhibited a shift to autochthonous sources of detritus under enriched conditions.  Predatory Enallagma primarily consumed grazing chironomids under all but the highest loading conditions.  Experimental nutrient loading resulted in an increase in generalist deposit feeders dependent on autochthonous sources of detritus. ","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Estuaries","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/BF02803538","collaboration":"6222_Keats.pdf","usgsCitation":"Keats, R., Osher, L., and Neckles, H., 2004, The effect of nitrogen loading on a brackish estuarine faunal community: A stable isotope approach: Estuaries, v. 27, no. 3, p. 460-471, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02803538.","productDescription":"460-471","startPage":"460","endPage":"471","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196476,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":17543,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02803538","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"27","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667567","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keats, R.A.","contributorId":65951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keats","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Osher, L.J.","contributorId":94000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osher","given":"L.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Neckles, H.A.","contributorId":104179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neckles","given":"H.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5224359,"text":"5224359 - 2004 - Phylogenetic relationships of the endangered Shenandoah salamander (Plethodon shenandoah) and other salamanders of the Plethodon cinereus group (Caudata: Plethodontidae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-10T17:07:06.152905","indexId":"5224359","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:54","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2334,"text":"Journal of Herpetology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Phylogenetic relationships of the endangered Shenandoah salamander (<i>Plethodon shenandoah</i>) and other salamanders of the <i>Plethodon cinereus</i> group (<i>Caudata: Plethodontidae</i>)","title":"Phylogenetic relationships of the endangered Shenandoah salamander (Plethodon shenandoah) and other salamanders of the Plethodon cinereus group (Caudata: Plethodontidae)","docAbstract":"<p>The Shenandoah salamander (<i>Plethodon shenandoah</i>), known from isolated talus slopes on three of the highest mountains in Shenandoah National Park, is listed as state-endangered in Virginia and federally endangered under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. A 1999 paper by G. R. Thurow described <i>P. shenandoah</i>-like salamanders from three localities further south in the Blue Ridge Physiographic Province, which, if confirmed, would represent a range extension for <i>P. shenandoah</i> of approximately 90 km from its nearest known locality. Samples collected from two of these three localities were included in a molecular phylogenetic study of the known populations of <i>P. shenandoah</i>, and all other recognized species in the <i>Plethodon cinereus</i> group, using a 792 bp region of the mitochondrial cytochrome-b gene. Phylogenetic estimates were based on Bayesian, maximum likelihood, and maximum parsimony methods and topologies examined for placement of the new <i>P. shenandoah</i>-like samples relative to all others. All topologies recovered all haplotypes of the <i>P. shenandoah</i>-like animals nested within <i>P. cinereus</i>, and a statistical comparison of the best likelihood tree topology with one with an enforced (Thurow + Shenandoah <i>P. shenandoah</i>) clade revealed that the unconstrained tree had a significantly lower -In L score (P &lt; 0.05, using the Shimodaira-Hasegawa test) than the constraint tree. This result and other anecdotal information give us no solid reason to consider the Thurow report valid. The current recovery program for <i>P. shenandoah</i> should remain focused on populations in Shenandoah National Park.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.1670/4-03A","usgsCitation":"Sites, J., Morando, M., Highton, R., Huber, F., and Jung, R., 2004, Phylogenetic relationships of the endangered Shenandoah salamander (Plethodon shenandoah) and other salamanders of the Plethodon cinereus group (Caudata: Plethodontidae): Journal of Herpetology, v. 38, no. 1, p. 96-105, https://doi.org/10.1670/4-03A.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"96","endPage":"105","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201725,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Shenandoah National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -78.56735229492186,\n              38.42024233971636\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.37509155273438,\n              38.42024233971636\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.37509155273438,\n              38.5299046000139\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.56735229492186,\n              38.5299046000139\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.56735229492186,\n              38.42024233971636\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685d09","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sites, J.W.","contributorId":98432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sites","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morando, M.","contributorId":35045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morando","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Highton, R.","contributorId":70518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Highton","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Huber, F.","contributorId":54324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huber","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jung, R.E.","contributorId":66213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jung","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5224348,"text":"5224348 - 2004 - The relationship between species detection probability and local extinction probability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-15T14:36:21","indexId":"5224348","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:54","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The relationship between species detection probability and local extinction probability","docAbstract":"In community-level ecological studies, generally not all species present in sampled areas are detected.  Many authors have proposed the use of estimation methods that allow detection probabilities that are &lt; 1 and that are heterogeneous among species.  These methods can also be used to estimate community-dynamic parameters such as species local extinction probability and turnover rates (Nichols et al. Ecol Appl 8:1213-1225; Conserv Biol 12:1390-1398).  Here, we present an ad hoc approach to estimating community-level vital rates in the presence of joint heterogeneity of detection probabilities and vital rates.  The method consists of partitioning the number of species into two groups using the detection frequencies and then estimating vital rates (e.g., local extinction probabilities) for each group.  Estimators from each group are combined in a weighted estimator of vital rates that accounts for the effect of heterogeneity.  Using data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey, we computed such estimates and tested the hypothesis that detection probabilities and local extinction probabilities were negatively related.  Our analyses support the hypothesis that species detection probability covaries negatively with local probability of extinction and turnover rates.  A simulation study was conducted to assess the performance of vital parameter estimators as well as other estimators relevant to questions about heterogeneity, such as coefficient of variation of detection probabilities and proportion of species in each group.  Both the weighted estimator suggested in this paper and the original unweighted estimator for local extinction probability performed fairly well and provided no basis for preferring one to the other.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00442-004-1641-0","usgsCitation":"Alpizar-Jara, R., Nichols, J., Hines, J., Sauer, J., Pollock, K.H., and Rosenberry, C., 2004, The relationship between species detection probability and local extinction probability: Oecologia, v. 141, no. 4, p. 652-660, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-004-1641-0.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"652","endPage":"660","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477982,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10174/6518","text":"External Repository"},{"id":202044,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"141","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-09-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640f0d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alpizar-Jara, R.","contributorId":35434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpizar-Jara","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sauer, J.R. 0000-0002-4557-3019","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3019","contributorId":66197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pollock, K. H.","contributorId":65184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pollock","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rosenberry, C.S.","contributorId":22884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":5224351,"text":"5224351 - 2004 - Nonlethal development, validation, and application of cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) as a biomarker for contaminant exposure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-27T17:56:15.889828","indexId":"5224351","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:54","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3608,"text":"Toxicological Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nonlethal development, validation, and application of cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) as a biomarker for contaminant exposure","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/toxsci/kfh181","usgsCitation":"Melancon, M.J., 2004, Nonlethal development, validation, and application of cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) as a biomarker for contaminant exposure: Toxicological Sciences, v. 80, no. 2, p. 216-217, https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfh181.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"216","endPage":"217","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196135,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-03-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db697069","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Melancon, M. J.","contributorId":96206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melancon","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5224352,"text":"5224352 - 2004 - Influence of weather extremes on the water levels of glaciated prairie wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:32","indexId":"5224352","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:54","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of weather extremes on the water levels of glaciated prairie wetlands","docAbstract":"Orchid Meadows is a long-term wetland research and monitoring site on the Coteau des Prairie in extreme east-central South Dakota, USA.  It is a 65-ha Waterfowl Production Area with numerous temporary, seasonal, and semi-permanent wetlands.  Ground water and surface water have been monitored at the site from 1987 to 1989 and from 1993 to the present.  Vegetation has been monitored since 1993.  The monitoring record includes two nearly back-to-back weather extremes: a drought in the late 1980s and a deluge in the early- to mid-1990s.  Wetlands differed sharply in water levels between 3-yr dry and wet periods.  For example, the time of inundation ranged among semi-permanent wetlands from 13 to 71 percent during the dry years to 100 percent during the wet years, while for seasonal wetlands, it was 0-29 percent and 46-100 percent, respectively, during dry and wet periods.  Temporary wetlands had no surface water during the dry period but had standing water 0-67 percent of the time during the deluge years.  The highest ground-water levels during the dry period were lower than most levels during the wet period.  The difference in the water-table elevations of temporary wetlands between the periods was as much as 4 m.  Ground-water levels near semi-permanent wetlands were considerably more stable (annual range of 0.3-1.6 m) than those near temporary wetlands (1.3-2.5 m).  The results support the concept that weather extremes drive the wetland cover cycle and other key ecological processes in prairie wetlands.  The new data from Orchid Meadows, together with other long-term data sets from North Dakota and Saskatchewan, Canada, are useful for many research purposes, including the parameterization and testing of models that simulate the effects of climate variability and climate change on prairie wetland ecosystems. ","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6220_Johnson.pdf","usgsCitation":"Johnson, W., Boettcher, S., Poiani, K., and Guntenspergen, G., 2004, Influence of weather extremes on the water levels of glaciated prairie wetlands: Wetlands, v. 24, no. 2, p. 385-398.","productDescription":"385-398","startPage":"385","endPage":"398","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201922,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":17541,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1672%2F0277-5212%282004%29024%5B0385%3AIOWEOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"24","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db698589","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, W.C.","contributorId":68003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boettcher, S.E.","contributorId":53919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boettcher","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poiani, K.A.","contributorId":52690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poiani","given":"K.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guntenspergen, G.","contributorId":88305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guntenspergen","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5224360,"text":"5224360 - 2004 - How we can learn more about the Cerulean Warbler (<i>Dendroica cerulea</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-08T13:53:32","indexId":"5224360","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:54","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"How we can learn more about the Cerulean Warbler (<i>Dendroica cerulea</i>)","docAbstract":"<p>A sense of urgency attends the study of species of concern, like the Cerulean Warbler (<i>Dendroica</i> <i>cerulea</i>). Sharpened by Robbins et al. (1992) and Hamel (1992), such concern prompted the U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) to commission a status assessment of the Cerulean Warbler (Hamel 2000a). Shortly after the status review was published, a petition (Ruley 2000) was delivered to the USFWS urging that the species be listed as “threatened” under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. The account of the Cerulean Warbler in the Birds of North America series also appeared that year (Hamel 2000b). Substantial attention is currently focused on the species, and the Cerulean Warbler Technical Group (CWTG) was formed in 2002 (see Appendix).</p><p>This overview consists of two parts. The first, prepared primarily by P.B.H., attempts to summarize current knowledge and suggest productive avenues to pursue in our efforts to understand the biology and conserve populations of Cerulean Warblers. The second, written by D.K.D. and P.D.K., is a summary of the structure and priorities of the CWTG, an organization that can spur and facilitate research and conservation action directed at this species and serve as a model for conservation of other forest birds (Appendix). Further information on Cerulean Warblers and activities of the Cerulean Warbler Technical Group can be found on the CWTG website (see Acknowledgments).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1642/0004-8038(2004)121[0007:HWCLMA]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Hamel, P., Dawson, D., and Keyser, P., 2004, How we can learn more about the Cerulean Warbler (<i>Dendroica cerulea</i>): The Auk, v. 121, no. 1, p. 7-14, https://doi.org/10.1642/0004-8038(2004)121[0007:HWCLMA]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"7","endPage":"14","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477985,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1642/0004-8038%282004%29121%5B0007%3AHWCLMA%5D2.0.CO%3B2","text":"External Repository"},{"id":196478,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"121","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62be24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamel, P.B.","contributorId":88444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamel","given":"P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dawson, D.K. 0000-0001-7531-212X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7531-212X","contributorId":94752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"D.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keyser, P.D.","contributorId":20857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keyser","given":"P.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5224331,"text":"5224331 - 2004 - Estimating survival and breeding probability for pond-breeding amphibians: a modified robust design","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-13T15:53:51.502637","indexId":"5224331","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:53","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating survival and breeding probability for pond-breeding amphibians: a modified robust design","docAbstract":"<p>Many studies of pond-breeding amphibians involve sampling individuals during migration to and from breeding habitats. Interpreting population processes and dynamics from these studies is difficult because (1) only a proportion of the population is observable each season, while an unknown proportion remains unobservable (e.g., non-breeding adults) and (2) not all observable animals are captured. Imperfect capture probability can be easily accommodated in capture-recapture models, but temporary transitions between observable and unobservable states, often referred to as temporary emigration, is known to cause problems in both open- and closed-population models. We develop a multistate mark-recapture (MSMR) model, using an open-robust design that permits one entry and one exit from the study area per season. Our method extends previous temporary emigration models (MSMR with an unobservable state) in two ways. First, we relax the assumption of demographic closure (no mortality) between consecutive (secondary) samples, allowing estimation of within-pond survival. Also, we add the flexibility to express survival probability of unobservable individuals (e.g., <span>‘</span><span>‘non-breeders’</span><span>’</span>) as a function of the survival probability of observable animals while in the same, terrestrial habitat. This allows for potentially different annual survival probabilities for observable and unobservable animals. We apply our model to a relictual population of eastern tiger salamanders (<i>Ambystoma tigrinum tigrinum</i>). Despite small sample sizes, demographic parameters were estimated with reasonable precision. We tested several a priori biological hypotheses and found evidence for seasonal differences in pond survival. Our methods could be applied to a variety of pond-breeding species and other taxa where individuals are captured entering or exiting a common area (e.g., spawning or roosting area, hibernacula).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1890/03-0539","usgsCitation":"Bailey, L., Kendall, W., Church, D., and Wilbur, H., 2004, Estimating survival and breeding probability for pond-breeding amphibians: a modified robust design: Ecology, v. 85, no. 9, p. 2456-2466, https://doi.org/10.1890/03-0539.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2456","endPage":"2466","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498889,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/03-0539","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":202291,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"85","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc81c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bailey, L.L. 0000-0002-5959-2018","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5959-2018","contributorId":61006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"L.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kendall, W. L. 0000-0003-0084-9891","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0084-9891","contributorId":32880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"W. L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Church, D.R.","contributorId":51884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Church","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wilbur, H.M.","contributorId":54326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilbur","given":"H.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5224330,"text":"5224330 - 2004 - Contribution of natural history collection data to biodiversity assessment in national parks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-06T16:05:04.706768","indexId":"5224330","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:53","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contribution of natural history collection data to biodiversity assessment in national parks","docAbstract":"<p>There has been mounting interest in the use of museum and herbaria collections to assess biodiversity; information is often difficult to locate and access, however, and few recommendations are available for effectively using natural history collections. As part of an effort to inventory vertebrates and vascular plants in U.S. national parks, we searched manually and by computer for specimens originating within or adjacent to 14 parks throughout the northeastern United States. We compared the number of specimens located to collection size to determine whether there was any effect on detection rate of specimens. We evaluated the importance of park characteristics (e.g., age since establishment, size, theme [natural vs. cultural]) for influencing the number of specimens found in a collection. We located &gt;31,000 specimens and compiled associated records (hereafter referred to as specimens) from 78 collections; &gt;9000 specimens were park-significant, originating either within park boundaries or in the local township where the park was located. We found &gt;2000 specimens by means of manual searches, which cost <span>$0.001–0.15</span> per specimen searched and <span>$0.81–151.95</span> per specimen found. Collection effort appeared relatively uniform between 1890 and 1980, with low periods corresponding to significant sociopolitical events. Detection rates for specimens were inversely related to collection size. Although specimens were most often located in collections within the region of interest, specimens can be found anywhere, particularly in large collections international in scope, suggesting that global searches will be necessary to evaluate historical biodiversity. Park characteristics indicated that more collecting effort occurred within or adjacent to larger parks established for natural resources than in smaller historical sites. Because many institutions have not yet established electronic databases for collections, manual searches can be useful for retrieving specimens. Our results show that thorough, systematic searching of natural history collections for park-significant specimens can provide a historical perspective on biodiversity for park managers.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley Online Library","doi":"10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.00034.x-i1","usgsCitation":"O'Connell, A., Gilbert, A., and Hatfield, J., 2004, Contribution of natural history collection data to biodiversity assessment in national parks: Conservation Biology, v. 18, no. 5, p. 1254-1261, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.00034.x-i1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1254","endPage":"1261","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201658,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-09-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af3e4b07f02db69198a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O'Connell, A.F. Jr. 0000-0001-7032-7023","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7032-7023","contributorId":24055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Connell","given":"A.F.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilbert, A.T.","contributorId":14547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilbert","given":"A.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hatfield, Jeff S.","contributorId":41372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatfield","given":"Jeff S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5224332,"text":"5224332 - 2004 - Levels of fecal corticosterone in sandhill cranes during a human-led migration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-28T17:25:08.306741","indexId":"5224332","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:53","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Levels of fecal corticosterone in sandhill cranes during a human-led migration","docAbstract":"<p><span>Fourteen captive-reared greater sandhill cranes (</span><i>Grus canadensis tabida</i><span>) were conditioned to follow ultralight aircraft to promote migration between Wisconsin and Florida (USA) after release. Fecal samples were collected throughout the training period in Wisconsin and during a 1,977-km human-led migration to Florida to determine fecal corticosterone (FC) concentrations by radioimmunoassay. The mean (±SE) FC concentration during the training period was 109.5±7.5 ng/g and was representative of baseline levels recorded previously from sandhill cranes. Fecal corticosterone concentrations increased in early migration compared to concentrations 1 mo prior to departure (</span><i>P</i><span>&lt;0.01) but were not different from baseline concentrations at the end of the 6-wk migration period. The variability of FC concentrations in individual samples was greater throughout the migration than the training period. Increases in FC during migration were modest and generally consistent with normal corticosterone elevations observed in migrating birds.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-40.2.267","usgsCitation":"Hartup, B., Olsen, G.H., Czekala, N.M., Paul-Murphy, J., and Langenberg, J., 2004, Levels of fecal corticosterone in sandhill cranes during a human-led migration: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 40, no. 2, p. 267-272, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-40.2.267.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"267","endPage":"272","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477987,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.7589/0090-3558-40.2.267","text":"External Repository"},{"id":197742,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida, Wisconsin","volume":"40","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a5570","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hartup, B.K.","contributorId":16367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartup","given":"B.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olsen, Glenn H. 0000-0002-7188-6203 golsen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7188-6203","contributorId":40918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"Glenn","email":"golsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Czekala, Nancy M.","contributorId":81214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Czekala","given":"Nancy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Paul-Murphy, J.","contributorId":55110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paul-Murphy","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Langenberg, J.A.","contributorId":91055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenberg","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5224334,"text":"5224334 - 2004 - Waterbirds foods in winter-managed ricefields in Mississippi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-04T17:52:52.479414","indexId":"5224334","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:53","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Waterbirds foods in winter-managed ricefields in Mississippi","docAbstract":"Ricefields are important foraging habitats for waterfowl and other waterbirds in primary North American wintering regions.  We conducted a large-scale experiment to test effects of post-harvest ricefield treatment, winter water management, and temporal factors on availabilities of rice, moist-soil plant seeds, aquatic invertebrates, and green forage in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley (MAV), Mississippi, USA, fall-winter 1995-1997.  Our results revealed that a large decrease in rice grain occurred between harvest and early winter (79-99%), which, if generally true throughout the MAV, would have critical implications on foraging carrying capacity of ricefields for migrating and wintering waterbirds.  During the remainder of winter, food resources generally were similar among treatment combinations.  An exception was biomass of aquatic invertebrates, which demonstrated potential to increase by late winter in ricefields that remained flooded.  We offer revised calculations of foraging carrying capacity for waterfowl in MAV ricefields and recommend continuing research and management designed to increase availability of residual rice and aquatic invertebrates in winter.","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne Complete","doi":"10.2193/0022-541X(2004)068[0074:WFIWRI]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Manley, S., Kaminski, R., Reinecke, K.J., and Gerard, P., 2004, Waterbirds foods in winter-managed ricefields in Mississippi: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 68, no. 1, p. 74-83, https://doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2004)068[0074:WFIWRI]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"74","endPage":"83","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202042,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.0986328125,\n              32.2313896627376\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.669921875,\n              31.44741029142872\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.60400390625,\n              30.95876857077987\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.736328125,\n              30.939924331023445\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.89013671875,\n              30.675715404167743\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.6484375,\n              30.221101852485987\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.3740234375,\n              30.29701788337205\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.39599609375,\n              32.69486597787505\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.154296875,\n              35.06597313798418\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.49462890625,\n              35.04798673426734\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.439453125,\n              34.994003757575776\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.0986328125,\n              32.2313896627376\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"68","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4c73","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manley, S.W.","contributorId":13716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manley","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaminski, R.M.","contributorId":53330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaminski","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reinecke, K. J.","contributorId":54537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reinecke","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gerard, P.D.","contributorId":16368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerard","given":"P.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5224337,"text":"5224337 - 2004 - Dynamic use of wetlands by black ducks and mallards: Evidence against competitive exclusion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-03T16:31:19.184085","indexId":"5224337","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:53","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dynamic use of wetlands by black ducks and mallards: Evidence against competitive exclusion","docAbstract":"<p>The decline of the American black duck (<i>Anas rubripes</i>) has been attributed to competition from mallards (<i>A. platyrhynchos</i>) that led to exclusive use of fertile wetlands by mallards. Data from annual breeding waterfowl surveys provide instantaneous, single observations of breeding pairs, which are used to estimate breeding population size and evaluate the condition of habitat. Data from these surveys have been used to document habitat use by black ducks and mallards. We used quiet-observation surveys from elevated platforms to study sympatric black ducks and mallards in northern Maine during the breeding season. Our objectives were to document occupancy of wetlands by breeding black ducks and mallards throughout the day during prenesting and early nesting periods to determine whether 1) wetlands were occupied by only a single species, 2) pairs of the same species occupied wetlands throughout the period, and 3) single observations of short duration adequately determine numbers and species using a wetland. We observed ducks at 5-minute intervals from elevated platforms on wetland margins to determine numbers and species of indicated pairs using each wetland over time. We visited 80% of the wetlands <span>≥2</span> times, with mean total time per wetland averaging 267 minutes. For each wetland we determined the most frequently observed grouping of black ducks and mallards from all combinations recorded during all intervals (e.g., 1 black duck [BO] pair during 9 intervals; 2 mallard [MA] pairs and 1 BO pair during 22 intervals; 0 pairs during 3 intervals). A single pair, a lone male, or no ducks were recorded during 34% of the 5-minute intervals. For wetlands with <i>&gt;2</i> hours of observations (<i>n</i><span>=65</span>), all but 2 were used by <span>≥2</span> different combinations of ducks. On most wetlands, the most frequent grouping was observed during &lt;40% of the intervals. To simulate aerial surveys, we randomly selected 1 5-minute interval for each wetland. On average, the number of indicated pairs recorded during random 5-minute intervals was less than half of the total black duck pairs (2.0 vs. 4.4, <i>P</i><span>= 0.009</span>), total mallard pairs (1.1 vs. 2.6, <i>P=</i>0.0001), and pairs of both species combined (3.2 vs. 7.0, <i>P=</i>0.0001) determined for each wetland based on total observations. On wetlands used by both species, random counts detected one or both species 49% of the time. Although 53 of the 65 wetlands observed <span>≥2</span> hours were used by both species, random visits detected both species on only 27 wetlands. Our data do not support assertions that the mallard has caused the decline of black ducks through interspecific competition for habitat, or that wetlands are occupied continuously by single pairs that aggressively exclude conspecifics. Our data indicated that single, short-duration visits with disturbance to wetlands are unreliable and inappropriate to document seasonal use of wetlands by breeding black ducks and mallards.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne Complete","doi":"10.2193/0091-7648(2004)32[465:DUOWBB]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"McAuley, D., Clugston, D., and Longcore, J.R., 2004, Dynamic use of wetlands by black ducks and mallards: Evidence against competitive exclusion: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 32, no. 2, p. 465-473, https://doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2004)32[465:DUOWBB]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"465","endPage":"473","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201617,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","county":"Aroostook County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -69.466552734375,\n              47.23448963529916\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.54345703125,\n              47.05515408550348\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.466796875,\n              47.0177163539792\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.4228515625,\n              46.50595444552049\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.74169921875,\n              46.40756396630065\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.73071289062499,\n              47.04766864046083\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.18115234375,\n              47.4057852900587\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.521728515625,\n              47.301584511330795\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.90625,\n              47.18971246448421\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.01611328125,\n              47.27922900257082\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.04907226562499,\n              47.47266286861342\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.312744140625,\n              47.45037978769006\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.466552734375,\n              47.23448963529916\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"32","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db627c13","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McAuley, D.G. 0000-0003-3674-6392","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3674-6392","contributorId":15296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAuley","given":"D.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clugston, D.A.","contributorId":19657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clugston","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Longcore, J. R. 0000-0003-4898-5438","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4898-5438","contributorId":43835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longcore","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5224335,"text":"5224335 - 2004 - Estimating population trends with a linear model:  Technical comments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-27T11:49:40","indexId":"5224335","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:53","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating population trends with a linear model:  Technical comments","docAbstract":"Controversy has sometimes arisen over whether there is a need to accommodate the limitations of survey design in estimating population change from the count data collected in bird surveys.  Analyses of surveys such as the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) can be quite complex; it is natural to ask if the complexity is necessary, or whether the statisticians have run amok.  Bart et al. (2003) propose a very simple analysis involving nothing more complicated than simple linear regression, and contrast their approach with model-based procedures.  We review the assumptions implicit to their proposed method, and document that these assumptions are unlikely to be valid for surveys such as the BBS.  One fundamental limitation of a purely design-based approach is the absence of controls for factors that influence detection of birds at survey sites.  We show that failure to model observer effects in survey data leads to substantial bias in estimation of population trends from BBS data for the 20 species that Bart et al. (2003) used as the basis of their simulations.  Finally, we note that the simulations presented in Bart et al. (2003) do not provide a useful evaluation of their proposed method, nor do they provide a valid comparison to the estimating- equations alternative they consider.","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1650/7431","usgsCitation":"Sauer, J., Link, W., and Royle, J., 2004, Estimating population trends with a linear model:  Technical comments: Condor, v. 106, no. 2, p. 435-440, https://doi.org/10.1650/7431.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"435","endPage":"440","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477986,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1650/7431","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":202043,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"106","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc8bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sauer, John R. jrsauer@usgs.gov","contributorId":3737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"John R.","email":"jrsauer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Link, William A. wlink@usgs.gov","contributorId":3465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Link","given":"William A.","email":"wlink@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":96221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5224336,"text":"5224336 - 2004 - Reproduction in nondomestic birds: Physiology, semen collection, artificial insemination and cryopreservation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:07","indexId":"5224336","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:53","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":950,"text":"Avian and Poultry Biology Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reproduction in nondomestic birds: Physiology, semen collection, artificial insemination and cryopreservation","docAbstract":"Pioneering work by Quinn and Burrows in the late 1930s led to successful artificial insemination (AI) programs in the domestic poultry industry.  A variety of species specific modifications to the Quinn and Burrows massage technique made AI possible in nondomestic birds.  Massage semen collection and insemination techniques span the entire range of species from sparrows to ostriches.  Also, cooperative semen collection and electroejaculation have found limited use in some nondomestic species.  Artificial insemination produces good fertility, often exceeding fertility levels in naturally copulating populations.  However, aviculturists should explore other ways to improve fertility before resorting to AI.  Artificial insemination is labor intensive and may pose risks to nondomestic birds as well as handlers associated with capture and insemination.  Semen collection and AI makes semen cryopreservation and germ plasma preservation possible.  Yet, semen cryopreservation techniques need improvement before fertility with frozen-thawed semen will equal fertility from AI with fresh semen.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Avian and Poultry Biology Reviews","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6199_Gee.pdf","usgsCitation":"Gee, G., Bertschinger, H., Donoghue, A., Blanco, J., and Soley, J., 2004, Reproduction in nondomestic birds: Physiology, semen collection, artificial insemination and cryopreservation: Avian and Poultry Biology Reviews, v. 15, no. 2, p. 47-101.","productDescription":"47-101","startPage":"47","endPage":"101","numberOfPages":"55","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198116,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db69829f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gee, G.F.","contributorId":70335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gee","given":"G.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bertschinger, H.","contributorId":80381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bertschinger","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Donoghue, A.M.","contributorId":46653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donoghue","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blanco, J.","contributorId":90418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blanco","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Soley, J.","contributorId":45028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soley","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5224325,"text":"5224325 - 2004 - Estimation of tiger densities in the tropical dry forests of Panna, Central India, using photographic capture-recapture sampling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-27T12:12:48","indexId":"5224325","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:52","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":774,"text":"Animal Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimation of tiger densities in the tropical dry forests of Panna, Central India, using photographic capture-recapture sampling","docAbstract":"<p><span>Tropical dry-deciduous forests comprise more than 45% of the tiger (</span><i>Panthera tigris</i><span>) habitat in India. However, in the absence of rigorously derived estimates of ecological densities of tigers in dry forests, critical baseline data for managing tiger populations are lacking. In this study tiger densities were estimated using photographic capture–recapture sampling in the dry forests of Panna Tiger Reserve in Central India. Over a 45-day survey period, 60 camera trap sites were sampled in a well-protected part of the 542-km</span><sup>2</sup><span> reserve during 2002. A total sampling effort of 914 camera-trap-days yielded photo-captures of 11 individual tigers over 15 sampling occasions that effectively covered a 418-km</span><sup>2</sup><span> area. The closed capture–recapture model M</span><sub>h</sub><span>, which incorporates individual heterogeneity in capture probabilities, fitted these photographic capture history data well. The estimated capture probability/sample, </span><i>p̂</i><span>= 0.04, resulted in an estimated tiger population size and standard error (</span><i>&amp;#x004e;̂</i><span>(</span><i>SÊ&amp;#x004e;̂</i><span>)) of 29 (9.65), and a density (</span><i>D̂</i><span>(</span><i>SÊD̂</i><span>)) of 6.94 (3.23) tigers/100 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>. The estimated tiger density matched predictions based on prey abundance. Our results suggest that, if managed appropriately, the available dry forest habitat in India has the potential to support a population size of about 9000 wild tigers.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1017/S1367943004001477","usgsCitation":"Karanth, K., Chundawat, R.S., Nichols, J., and Kumar, N.S., 2004, Estimation of tiger densities in the tropical dry forests of Panna, Central India, using photographic capture-recapture sampling: Animal Conservation, v. 7, no. 3, p. 285-290, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1367943004001477.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"285","endPage":"290","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203050,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-02-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb20b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karanth, K.Ullas","contributorId":112954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karanth","given":"K.Ullas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chundawat, Raghunandan S.","contributorId":81607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chundawat","given":"Raghunandan","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nichols, James D. jnichols@usgs.gov","contributorId":139082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James D.","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kumar, N. Samba","contributorId":52701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kumar","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"Samba","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5224322,"text":"5224322 - 2004 - Capture-recapture analysis for estimating manatee reproductive rates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-16T08:26:14","indexId":"5224322","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:52","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2671,"text":"Marine Mammal Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Capture-recapture analysis for estimating manatee reproductive rates","docAbstract":"<p>Modeling the life history of the endangered Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) is an important step toward understanding its population dynamics and predicting its response to management actions. We developed a multi-state mark-resighting model for data collected under Pollock's robust design. This model estimates breeding probability conditional on a female's breeding state in the previous year; assumes sighting probability depends on breeding state; and corrects for misclassification of a cow with first-year calf, by estimating conditional sighting probability for the calf. The model is also appropriate for estimating survival and unconditional breeding probabilities when the study area is closed to temporary emigration across years. We applied this model to photo-identification data for the Northwest and Atlantic Coast populations of manatees, for years 1982?2000. With rare exceptions, manatees do not reproduce in two consecutive years. For those without a first-year calf in the previous year, the best-fitting model included constant probabilities of producing a calf for the Northwest (0.43, SE = 0.057) and Atlantic (0.38, SE = 0.045) populations. The approach we present to adjust for misclassification of breeding state could be applicable to a large number of marine mammal populations.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1748-7692.2004.tb01170.x","usgsCitation":"Kendall, W., Langtimm, C., Beck, C., and Runge, M., 2004, Capture-recapture analysis for estimating manatee reproductive rates: Marine Mammal Science, v. 20, no. 3, p. 424-437, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.2004.tb01170.x.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"424","endPage":"437","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198244,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-08-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fde4b07f02db5f5fab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kendall, W. L. 0000-0003-0084-9891","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0084-9891","contributorId":32880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"W. L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langtimm, C.A. 0000-0001-8499-5743","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8499-5743","contributorId":71133,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Langtimm","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beck, C.A. 0000-0002-5388-5418","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5388-5418","contributorId":78674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beck","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Runge, M.C. 0000-0002-8081-536X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-536X","contributorId":49312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runge","given":"M.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5224317,"text":"5224317 - 2004 - Sex ratio estimation and survival analysis for Orthetrum coerulescens (Odonata, Libellulidae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-21T16:59:07.527578","indexId":"5224317","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:52","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Sex ratio estimation and survival analysis for <i>Orthetrum coerulescens</i> (Odonata, Libellulidae)","title":"Sex ratio estimation and survival analysis for Orthetrum coerulescens (Odonata, Libellulidae)","docAbstract":"<p>There is controversy over whether uneven sex ratios observed in mature dragonfly populations are a mere artifact resulting from the higher observability of males. Previous studies have at best made indirect inference about sex ratios by analysis of survival or recapture rates. Here, we obtain direct estimates of sex ratio from capture-recapture data based on the Cormack-Jolly-Seber model. We studied <i>Orthetrum coerulescens</i> (Fabricius, 1798) at three sites in the Swiss Jura Mountains over an entire activity period. Recapture rates per 5-day interval were 3.5 times greater for males (0.67, SE 0.02) than for females (0.19, SE 0.02). At two sites, recapture rate increased over the season for males and was constant for females, and at one site it decreased with precipitation for both sexes. In addition, recapture rate was higher with higher temperature for males only. We found no evidence for higher male survival rates in any population. Survival per 5-day interval for both sexes was estimated to be 0.77 (<span>95% CI 0.75–0.79</span>) without significant site or time-specific variation. There were clear effects of temperature (positive) and precipitation (negative) on survival rate at two sites. Direct estimates of sex ratios were not significantly different from 1 for any time interval. Hence, the observed male-biased sex ratio in adult <i>O. coerulescens</i> was an artifact resulting from the better observability of males. The method presented in this paper is applicable to sex ratio estimation in any kind of animal.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/z04-004","usgsCitation":"Kery, M., and Juillerat, L., 2004, Sex ratio estimation and survival analysis for Orthetrum coerulescens (Odonata, Libellulidae): Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 82, no. 3, p. 399-406, https://doi.org/10.1139/z04-004.","productDescription":"8","startPage":"399","endPage":"406","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201739,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Switzerland","otherGeospatial":"Jura Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              6.921386718750007,\n              47.502358951968574\n            ],\n            [\n              6.547851562500008,\n              47.100044694025215\n            ],\n            [\n              5.932617187500008,\n              46.32417161725691\n            ],\n            [\n              5.888671875000007,\n              46.14939437647686\n            ],\n            [\n              6.108398437500008,\n              46.08085173686784\n            ],\n            [\n              6.679687500000008,\n              46.33175800051563\n            ],\n            [\n              6.844482421875007,\n              46.057985244793024\n            ],\n            [\n              7.261962890625007,\n              45.82114340079471\n            ],\n            [\n              7.965087890625,\n              45.92822950933618\n            ],\n            [\n              8.426513671875,\n              46.17983040759436\n            ],\n            [\n              8.931884765625,\n              45.882360730184025\n            ],\n            [\n              9.437255859375,\n              46.21785176740299\n            ],\n            [\n              10.030517578125,\n              46.18743678432541\n            ],\n            [\n              10.6787109375,\n              46.53619267489863\n            ],\n            [\n              10.48095703125,\n              46.98025235521883\n            ],\n            [\n              9.876708984375,\n              47.12995075666307\n            ],\n            [\n              9.6240234375,\n              47.52461999690651\n            ],\n            [\n              8.81103515625,\n              47.73193447949174\n            ],\n            [\n              7.415771484375003,\n              47.65058757118736\n            ],\n            [\n              6.921386718750007,\n              47.502358951968574\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"82","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fbe4b07f02db5f4b2e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kery, M.","contributorId":46637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kery","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Juillerat, L.","contributorId":45426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juillerat","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5224321,"text":"5224321 - 2004 - A stage-based model of manatee population dynamics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-16T09:02:47","indexId":"5224321","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:52","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2671,"text":"Marine Mammal Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A stage-based model of manatee population dynamics","docAbstract":"<p>A stage-structured population model for the Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) was developed that explicitly incorporates uncertainty in parameter estimates. The growth rates calculated with this model reflect the status of the regional populations over the most recent 10-yr period. The Northwest and Upper St. Johns River regions have growth rates (8) of 1.037 (95% interval, 1.016?1.056) and 1.062 (1.037?1.081), respectively. The Southwest region has a growth rate of 0.989 (0.946?1.024), suggesting this population has been declining at about 1.1% per year. The estimated growth rate in the Atlantic region is 1.010 (0.988?1.029), but there is some uncertainty about whether adult survival rates have been constant over the last 10 yr; using the mean survival rates from the most recent 5-yr period, the estimated growth rate in this region is 0.970 (0.938?0.998). Elasticity analysis indicates that the most effective management actions should seek to increase adult survival rates. Decomposition of the uncertainty in the growth rates indicates that uncertainty about population status can best be reduced through increased monitoring of adult survival rate.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1748-7692.2004.tb01167.x","usgsCitation":"Runge, M., Langtimm, C., and Kendall, W., 2004, A stage-based model of manatee population dynamics: Marine Mammal Science, v. 20, no. 3, p. 361-385, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.2004.tb01167.x.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"361","endPage":"385","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477988,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.2004.tb01167.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":202322,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-08-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a6319","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Runge, M.C. 0000-0002-8081-536X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-536X","contributorId":49312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runge","given":"M.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langtimm, C.A. 0000-0001-8499-5743","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8499-5743","contributorId":71133,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Langtimm","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kendall, W. L. 0000-0003-0084-9891","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0084-9891","contributorId":32880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"W. L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5224328,"text":"5224328 - 2004 - The importance of environmental variability and management control error to optimal harvest policies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-04T17:59:50.866036","indexId":"5224328","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:52","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The importance of environmental variability and management control error to optimal harvest policies","docAbstract":"<p>State-dependent strategies (SDSs) are the most general form of harvest policy because they allow the harvest rate to depend, without constraint, on the state of the system. State-dependent strategies that provide an optimal harvest rate for any system state can be calculated, and stochasticity can be appropriately accommodated in this optimization. Stochasticity poses 2 challenges to harvest policies: (1) the population will never be at the equilibrium state; and (2) stochasticity induces uncertainty about future states. We investigated the effects of 2 types of stochasticity, environmental variability and management control error, on SDS harvest policies for a white-tailed deer (<i>Odocoileus virginianus</i>) model, and contrasted these with a harvest policy based on maximum sustainable yield (MSY). Increasing stochasticity resulted in more conservative SDSs; that is, higher population densities were required to support the same harvest rate, but these effects were generally small. As stochastic effects increased, SDSs performed much better than MSY. Both deterministic and stochastic SDSs maintained maximum mean annual harvest yield (AHY) and optimal equilibrium population size (Neq) in a stochastic environment, whereas an MSY policy could not. We suggest 3 rules of thumb for harvest management of long-lived vertebrates in stochastic systems: (1) an SDS is advantageous over an MSY policy, (2) using an SDS rather than an MSY is more important than whether a deterministic or stochastic SDS is used, and (3) for SDSs, rankings of the variability in management outcomes (e.g., harvest yield) resulting from parameter stochasticity can be predicted by rankings of the deterministic elasticities.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne Complete","doi":"10.2193/0022-541X(2004)068[0585:TIOEVA]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Hunter, C., and Runge, M., 2004, The importance of environmental variability and management control error to optimal harvest policies: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 68, no. 3, p. 585-594, https://doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2004)068[0585:TIOEVA]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"585","endPage":"594","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201657,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"68","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a85e4b07f02db64d618","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunter, C.M.","contributorId":19670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Runge, M.C. 0000-0002-8081-536X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-536X","contributorId":49312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runge","given":"M.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5224318,"text":"5224318 - 2004 - Effects of lead-contaminated sediment and nutrition on mallard duckling brain growth and biochemistry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-07T15:39:54","indexId":"5224318","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:52","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of lead-contaminated sediment and nutrition on mallard duckling brain growth and biochemistry","docAbstract":"<p>Day-old mallard (Anas platyryhnchos) ducklings received either a clean sediment (24%) supplemented control diet, Coeur d'Alene River Basin, Idaho (CDARB) sediment (3449 ug/g lead) supplemented diets at 12% or 24%, or a positive control diet (24% clean sediment with equivalent lead acetate to the 24% CDARB diet) for 6 weeks. The 12% CDARB diet resulted in a geometric mean concentration of 396 ppb (WW) brain lead with decreased brain protein and ATP concentrations but increased oxidized glutathione (GSSG) relative to the control diet. The 24% CDARB diet resulted in a concentration of 485 ppb brain lead with lower brain weight and ATP concentration than controls but higher concentrations of reduced glutathione (GSH) and calcium. Lead acetate accumulated twice as well as CDARB derived lead and resulted in histopathological lesions of the brain. With a combination of a suboptimal diet and 24% CDARB, brain lead concentration was higher (594 ppb) than with 24% CDARB in the standard diet, histopathological lesions became apparent and GSH was higher than suboptimal diet controls.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2004.02.002","usgsCitation":"Douglas-Stroebel, E., Hoffman, D.J., Brewer, G.L., and Sileo, L., 2004, Effects of lead-contaminated sediment and nutrition on mallard duckling brain growth and biochemistry: Environmental Pollution, v. 131, no. 2, p. 215-222, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2004.02.002.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"215","endPage":"222","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202321,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Cour d'Alene River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.9439697265625,\n              47.76517619125415\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.00439453125,\n              47.69867153529717\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.96319580078125,\n              47.55057928124212\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.9549560546875,\n              47.431803338643334\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.82037353515625,\n              47.355571314854764\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.60064697265625,\n              47.402067376409036\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.24633789062499,\n              47.46523622438362\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.21337890625,\n              47.57652571374621\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.46606445312499,\n              47.68573021131587\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.6748046875,\n              47.76148371616669\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.9439697265625,\n              47.76517619125415\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"131","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611ce6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Douglas-Stroebel, E.","contributorId":27406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas-Stroebel","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoffman, D. J.","contributorId":12801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brewer, G. L.","contributorId":76271,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brewer","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sileo, L.","contributorId":46895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sileo","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5224326,"text":"5224326 - 2004 - History and current status of the Bat Banding Office, National Museum of Natural History","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:05","indexId":"5224326","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:52","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":973,"text":"Bat Research News","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"History and current status of the Bat Banding Office, National Museum of Natural History","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bat Research News","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6184_Peurach.pdf","usgsCitation":"Peurach, S., 2004, History and current status of the Bat Banding Office, National Museum of Natural History: Bat Research News, v. 45, no. 2, p. 35-41.","productDescription":"35-41","startPage":"35","endPage":"41","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197944,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62c0a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peurach, S.C.","contributorId":20034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peurach","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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