{"pageNumber":"2649","pageRowStart":"66200","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184557,"records":[{"id":5224317,"text":"5224317 - 2004 - Sex ratio estimation and survival analysis for Orthetrum coerulescens (Odonata, Libellulidae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-21T16:59:07.527578","indexId":"5224317","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:52","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Sex ratio estimation and survival analysis for <i>Orthetrum coerulescens</i> (Odonata, Libellulidae)","title":"Sex ratio estimation and survival analysis for Orthetrum coerulescens (Odonata, Libellulidae)","docAbstract":"<p>There is controversy over whether uneven sex ratios observed in mature dragonfly populations are a mere artifact resulting from the higher observability of males. Previous studies have at best made indirect inference about sex ratios by analysis of survival or recapture rates. Here, we obtain direct estimates of sex ratio from capture-recapture data based on the Cormack-Jolly-Seber model. We studied <i>Orthetrum coerulescens</i> (Fabricius, 1798) at three sites in the Swiss Jura Mountains over an entire activity period. Recapture rates per 5-day interval were 3.5 times greater for males (0.67, SE 0.02) than for females (0.19, SE 0.02). At two sites, recapture rate increased over the season for males and was constant for females, and at one site it decreased with precipitation for both sexes. In addition, recapture rate was higher with higher temperature for males only. We found no evidence for higher male survival rates in any population. Survival per 5-day interval for both sexes was estimated to be 0.77 (<span>95% CI 0.75–0.79</span>) without significant site or time-specific variation. There were clear effects of temperature (positive) and precipitation (negative) on survival rate at two sites. Direct estimates of sex ratios were not significantly different from 1 for any time interval. Hence, the observed male-biased sex ratio in adult <i>O. coerulescens</i> was an artifact resulting from the better observability of males. The method presented in this paper is applicable to sex ratio estimation in any kind of animal.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/z04-004","usgsCitation":"Kery, M., and Juillerat, L., 2004, Sex ratio estimation and survival analysis for Orthetrum coerulescens (Odonata, Libellulidae): Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 82, no. 3, p. 399-406, https://doi.org/10.1139/z04-004.","productDescription":"8","startPage":"399","endPage":"406","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201739,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Switzerland","otherGeospatial":"Jura Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              6.921386718750007,\n              47.502358951968574\n            ],\n            [\n              6.547851562500008,\n              47.100044694025215\n            ],\n            [\n              5.932617187500008,\n              46.32417161725691\n            ],\n            [\n              5.888671875000007,\n              46.14939437647686\n            ],\n            [\n              6.108398437500008,\n              46.08085173686784\n            ],\n            [\n              6.679687500000008,\n              46.33175800051563\n            ],\n            [\n              6.844482421875007,\n              46.057985244793024\n            ],\n            [\n              7.261962890625007,\n              45.82114340079471\n            ],\n            [\n              7.965087890625,\n              45.92822950933618\n            ],\n            [\n              8.426513671875,\n              46.17983040759436\n            ],\n            [\n              8.931884765625,\n              45.882360730184025\n            ],\n            [\n              9.437255859375,\n              46.21785176740299\n            ],\n            [\n              10.030517578125,\n              46.18743678432541\n            ],\n            [\n              10.6787109375,\n              46.53619267489863\n            ],\n            [\n              10.48095703125,\n              46.98025235521883\n            ],\n            [\n              9.876708984375,\n              47.12995075666307\n            ],\n            [\n              9.6240234375,\n              47.52461999690651\n            ],\n            [\n              8.81103515625,\n              47.73193447949174\n            ],\n            [\n              7.415771484375003,\n              47.65058757118736\n            ],\n            [\n              6.921386718750007,\n              47.502358951968574\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"82","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fbe4b07f02db5f4b2e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kery, M.","contributorId":46637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kery","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Juillerat, L.","contributorId":45426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juillerat","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5224321,"text":"5224321 - 2004 - A stage-based model of manatee population dynamics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-16T09:02:47","indexId":"5224321","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:52","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2671,"text":"Marine Mammal Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A stage-based model of manatee population dynamics","docAbstract":"<p>A stage-structured population model for the Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) was developed that explicitly incorporates uncertainty in parameter estimates. The growth rates calculated with this model reflect the status of the regional populations over the most recent 10-yr period. The Northwest and Upper St. Johns River regions have growth rates (8) of 1.037 (95% interval, 1.016?1.056) and 1.062 (1.037?1.081), respectively. The Southwest region has a growth rate of 0.989 (0.946?1.024), suggesting this population has been declining at about 1.1% per year. The estimated growth rate in the Atlantic region is 1.010 (0.988?1.029), but there is some uncertainty about whether adult survival rates have been constant over the last 10 yr; using the mean survival rates from the most recent 5-yr period, the estimated growth rate in this region is 0.970 (0.938?0.998). Elasticity analysis indicates that the most effective management actions should seek to increase adult survival rates. Decomposition of the uncertainty in the growth rates indicates that uncertainty about population status can best be reduced through increased monitoring of adult survival rate.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1748-7692.2004.tb01167.x","usgsCitation":"Runge, M., Langtimm, C., and Kendall, W., 2004, A stage-based model of manatee population dynamics: Marine Mammal Science, v. 20, no. 3, p. 361-385, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.2004.tb01167.x.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"361","endPage":"385","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477988,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.2004.tb01167.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":202322,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-08-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a6319","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Runge, M.C. 0000-0002-8081-536X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-536X","contributorId":49312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runge","given":"M.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langtimm, C.A. 0000-0001-8499-5743","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8499-5743","contributorId":71133,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Langtimm","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kendall, W. L. 0000-0003-0084-9891","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0084-9891","contributorId":32880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"W. L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5224318,"text":"5224318 - 2004 - Effects of lead-contaminated sediment and nutrition on mallard duckling brain growth and biochemistry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-07T15:39:54","indexId":"5224318","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:52","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of lead-contaminated sediment and nutrition on mallard duckling brain growth and biochemistry","docAbstract":"<p>Day-old mallard (Anas platyryhnchos) ducklings received either a clean sediment (24%) supplemented control diet, Coeur d'Alene River Basin, Idaho (CDARB) sediment (3449 ug/g lead) supplemented diets at 12% or 24%, or a positive control diet (24% clean sediment with equivalent lead acetate to the 24% CDARB diet) for 6 weeks. The 12% CDARB diet resulted in a geometric mean concentration of 396 ppb (WW) brain lead with decreased brain protein and ATP concentrations but increased oxidized glutathione (GSSG) relative to the control diet. The 24% CDARB diet resulted in a concentration of 485 ppb brain lead with lower brain weight and ATP concentration than controls but higher concentrations of reduced glutathione (GSH) and calcium. Lead acetate accumulated twice as well as CDARB derived lead and resulted in histopathological lesions of the brain. With a combination of a suboptimal diet and 24% CDARB, brain lead concentration was higher (594 ppb) than with 24% CDARB in the standard diet, histopathological lesions became apparent and GSH was higher than suboptimal diet controls.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2004.02.002","usgsCitation":"Douglas-Stroebel, E., Hoffman, D.J., Brewer, G.L., and Sileo, L., 2004, Effects of lead-contaminated sediment and nutrition on mallard duckling brain growth and biochemistry: Environmental Pollution, v. 131, no. 2, p. 215-222, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2004.02.002.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"215","endPage":"222","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202321,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Cour d'Alene River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.9439697265625,\n              47.76517619125415\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.00439453125,\n              47.69867153529717\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.96319580078125,\n              47.55057928124212\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.9549560546875,\n              47.431803338643334\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.82037353515625,\n              47.355571314854764\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.60064697265625,\n              47.402067376409036\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.24633789062499,\n              47.46523622438362\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.21337890625,\n              47.57652571374621\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.46606445312499,\n              47.68573021131587\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.6748046875,\n              47.76148371616669\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.9439697265625,\n              47.76517619125415\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"131","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611ce6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Douglas-Stroebel, E.","contributorId":27406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas-Stroebel","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoffman, D. J.","contributorId":12801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brewer, G. L.","contributorId":76271,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brewer","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sileo, L.","contributorId":46895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sileo","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5224313,"text":"5224313 - 2004 - Blarina brevicauda as a biological monitor of polychlorinated biphenyls:  Evaluation of hepatic cytochrome p450 induction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-23T15:31:35.738029","indexId":"5224313","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:52","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"<i>Blarina brevicauda</i> as a biological monitor of polychlorinated biphenyls:  Evaluation of hepatic cytochrome p450 induction","title":"Blarina brevicauda as a biological monitor of polychlorinated biphenyls:  Evaluation of hepatic cytochrome p450 induction","docAbstract":"<p>We assessed the value of short-tailed shrews (<i>Blarina brevicauda</i>) as a possible biomonitor for polychlorinated biphenyl pollution through measurement of the induction of hepatic cytochrome P450 and associated enzyme activities. First, we checked the inducibility of four monooxygenases (benzyloxyresorufin-O-dealkylase [BROD], ethoxyresorufin-O-dealkylase [EROD], methoxyresorufin-O-dealkylase [MROD], and pentoxyresorufin-O-dealkylase [PROD]) by measuring the activity of these enzymes in hepatic microsomes prepared from shrews injected with $-naphthoflavone ($NF) or phenobarbital (PB), typical inducers of cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) and CYP2B enzyme families, respectively. Enzyme activity was induced in shrews that received $NF but not in shrews that received PB; PROD was not induced by either exposure. Later, shrews were exposed to a mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) (Aroclor 1242:1254, in 1:2 ratio) at 0.6, 9.6, and 150 ppm in food, for 31 d. Induction in these shrews was measured by specific enzyme activity (BROD, EROD, and MROD) in hepatic microsomes, by western blotting of solubilized microsomes against antibodies to CYP1A or CYP2B, and by duration of sodium pentobarbital-induced sleep. These three CYP enzymes were induced in shrews by PCBs at similar levels of exposure as in cotton rat (<i>Sigmodon hispidus</i>). Neither sleep time nor the amount of CYP2B family protein were affected by PCB exposure. <i>Blarina brevicauda</i> can be a useful biomonitor of PCBs that induce CYP1A, especially in habitats where they are the abundant small mammal.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1897/03-329","usgsCitation":"Russell, J., Halbrook, R., Woolf, A., French, J., and Melancon, M.J., 2004, Blarina brevicauda as a biological monitor of polychlorinated biphenyls:  Evaluation of hepatic cytochrome p450 induction: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 23, no. 8, p. 1867-1873, https://doi.org/10.1897/03-329.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1867","endPage":"1873","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201595,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db607830","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Russell, J.S.","contributorId":46658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Russell","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Halbrook, R.S.","contributorId":75664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halbrook","given":"R.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Woolf, A.","contributorId":18421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woolf","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"French, J.B. Jr.","contributorId":23252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"French","given":"J.B.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Melancon, M. J.","contributorId":96206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melancon","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5224326,"text":"5224326 - 2004 - History and current status of the Bat Banding Office, National Museum of Natural History","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:05","indexId":"5224326","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:52","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":973,"text":"Bat Research News","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"History and current status of the Bat Banding Office, National Museum of Natural History","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bat Research News","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6184_Peurach.pdf","usgsCitation":"Peurach, S., 2004, History and current status of the Bat Banding Office, National Museum of Natural History: Bat Research News, v. 45, no. 2, p. 35-41.","productDescription":"35-41","startPage":"35","endPage":"41","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197944,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62c0a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peurach, S.C.","contributorId":20034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peurach","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5224329,"text":"5224329 - 2004 - Natural history notes: Rana spp. (multiple ranid species). Hibernacula","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:07","indexId":"5224329","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:52","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1898,"text":"Herpetological Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Natural history notes: Rana spp. (multiple ranid species). Hibernacula","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetological Review","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6192_Grant.pdf","usgsCitation":"Grant, E., Chellman, I., Nanjappa, P., and Jung, R., 2004, Natural history notes: Rana spp. (multiple ranid species). Hibernacula: Herpetological Review, v. 35, no. 3, p. 262-263.","productDescription":"262-263","startPage":"262","endPage":"263","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198115,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db6981d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grant, E.H.C. 0000-0003-4401-6496","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4401-6496","contributorId":87242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grant","given":"E.H.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chellman, I.","contributorId":59534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chellman","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nanjappa, P.","contributorId":89247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nanjappa","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jung, R.E.","contributorId":66213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jung","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5224319,"text":"5224319 - 2004 - Forty-fifth supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-list of North American Birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-01T21:15:03.108506","indexId":"5224319","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:52","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Forty-fifth supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union <i>Check-list of North American Birds</i>","title":"Forty-fifth supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-list of North American Birds","docAbstract":"<p><span>This is the fourth Supplement since publication of the 7</span><sup>th</sup><span> edition of the </span><i>Check-list of North American Birds</i><span> (American Ornithologists' Union [AOU] 1998). It summarizes decisions made by the AOU's Committee on Classification and Nomenclature between 1 January 2003 and 31 December 2003. </span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1093/auk/121.3.985","usgsCitation":"Banks, R., Cicero, C., Dunn, J., Kratter, A., Rasmussen, P., Remsen, J., Rising, J., and Stotz, D., 2004, Forty-fifth supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-list of North American Birds: The Auk, v. 121, no. 3, p. 985-995, https://doi.org/10.1093/auk/121.3.985.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"985","endPage":"995","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477990,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/auk/121.3.985","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":198242,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"121","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48c5e4b07f02db53f9a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banks, R.C.","contributorId":20440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banks","given":"R.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cicero, C.","contributorId":10508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cicero","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dunn, J.L.","contributorId":7388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunn","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kratter, A.W.","contributorId":45023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kratter","given":"A.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rasmussen, P.C.","contributorId":80777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"P.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Remsen, J.V. Jr.","contributorId":82258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Remsen","given":"J.V.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rising, J.D.","contributorId":35415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rising","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Stotz, D.F.","contributorId":30710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stotz","given":"D.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":5224320,"text":"5224320 - 2004 - A specimen of the Varied Thrush from Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:05","indexId":"5224320","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:52","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1668,"text":"Florida Field Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A specimen of the Varied Thrush from Florida","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Florida Field Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6173_Woolfenden.pdf","usgsCitation":"Woolfenden, G., and Banks, R., 2004, A specimen of the Varied Thrush from Florida: Florida Field Naturalist, v. 32, no. 2, p. 48-50.","productDescription":"48-50","startPage":"48","endPage":"50","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198243,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a636b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woolfenden, G.E.","contributorId":105404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woolfenden","given":"G.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Banks, R.C.","contributorId":20440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banks","given":"R.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5224286,"text":"5224286 - 2004 - Gold concentrations in abiotic materials, plants, and animals: A synoptic review","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-23T11:44:26.094983","indexId":"5224286","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:50","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gold concentrations in abiotic materials, plants, and animals: A synoptic review","docAbstract":"<p>Gold (Au) is ubiquitous in the environment and mined commercially at numerous locations worldwide. It is also an allergen that induces dermatitis in sensitive individuals. Gold concentrations were comparatively elevated in samples collected near gold mining and processing facilities, although no data were found for birds and non-human mammals. Maximum gold concentrations reported in abiotic materials were <span>0.001 μg L</span><sup>-1</sup> in rainwater; <span>0.0015 μgL</span><sup>-1</sup> in seawater near hydrothermal vents vs. <span>&lt;0.00004–0.0007 μg L</span><sup>-1</sup> elsewhere; <span>5.0 μg kg</span><sup>-1</sup> dry weight (DW) in the Earth's crust; <span>19.0 μg L</span><sup>-1</sup> in a freshwater stream near a gold mining site; <span>440 μg kg</span><sup>-1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span> DW in atmospheric dust near a high traffic road; <span>843 μg kg</span><sup>-1</sup> DW in alluvial soil near a Nevada gold mine vs. <span>&lt;29 μg kg</span><sup>-1</sup> DW premining; <span>2.53 mg kg</span><sup>-1</sup> DW in snow near a Russian smelter vs. <span>&lt;0.35 mg kg</span><sup>-1</sup> DW at a reference site; <span>4.5 mg kg</span><sup>-1</sup> DW in sewage sludge; <span>28.7 mg kg</span><sup>-1</sup> DW in polymetallic sulfides from the ocean floor; and <span>256.0 mg kg</span><sup>-1</sup> DW in freshwater sediments near a gold mine tailings pile vs. <span>&lt;5 μg kg</span><sup>-1</sup> DW prior to mining. In plants, elevated concentrations of <span>19 μg Au kg</span><sup>-1</sup> DW were reported in terrestrial vegetation near gold mining operations vs. <span>&lt;4 μg kg</span><sup>-1</sup> DW at a reference site; <span>37 μg kg</span><sup>-1</sup> DW in aquatic bryophytes downstream from a gold mine; <span>150 μg Au kg</span><sup>-1</sup> DW in leaves of beans grown in soil containing <span>170 μg kg</span><sup>-1</sup> DW; up to <span>1.06 mg kg</span><sup>-1</sup> DW in algal mats of rivers receiving gold mine wastes; and <span>0.1–100 mg kg</span><sup>-1</sup> DW in selected gold accumulator plants. Fish and aquatic invertebrates contained <span>0.1–38.0 μg Au kg</span><sup>-1</sup> DW. In humans, gold concentrations up to <span>1.1 μg L</span><sup>-1</sup> were documented in urine of dental technicians vs. <span>0.002–0.85 μg L</span><sup>-1</sup> in reference populations; <span>2.1 μg L</span><sup>-1</sup> in breast milk, attributed to gold dental fillings and jewelry of mothers; <span>1.4 mg kg</span><sup>-1</sup> DW in hair of goldsmiths vs. a normal range of <span>6–880 μg kg</span><sup>-1</sup> DW; <span>2.39 mg L</span><sup>-1</sup> in whole blood of rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving gold thiol drugs to reduce inflammation (chrysotherapy) vs. a normal range of <span>0.2–2.0 μg L</span><sup>-1</sup>; and <span>60.0 to 233.0 mg kg</span><sup>-1</sup> fresh weight (FW) in kidneys of rheumatoid arthritis patients undergoing active chrysotherapy vs. <span>&lt;42.0 mg kg</span><sup>-1</sup> FW kidney 140 months posttreatment.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/B:EMAS.0000003567.66682.d8","usgsCitation":"Eisler, R., 2004, Gold concentrations in abiotic materials, plants, and animals: A synoptic review: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 90, no. 1-3, p. 73-88, https://doi.org/10.1023/B:EMAS.0000003567.66682.d8.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"88","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201505,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"90","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abde4b07f02db674256","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eisler, R.","contributorId":51869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eisler","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5224292,"text":"5224292 - 2004 - Mercury accumulation and loss in mallard eggs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-23T15:39:13.853384","indexId":"5224292","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:50","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury accumulation and loss in mallard eggs","docAbstract":"<p>Female mallards (<i>Anas platyrhynchos</i>) were fed diets containing 5, 10, or 20 ppm mercury as methylmercury chloride. One egg was collected from each bird before the start of the mercury diets and 15 eggs were collected from each bird while it was being fed mercury. The mercury diets were then replaced by uncontaminated diets, and each female was allowed to lay 29 more eggs. Mercury levels in eggs rose to about 7,18, and 35 ppm wet-weight in females fed 5,10, or 20 ppm mercury, respectively. Mercury levels fell to about 0.16,0.80, and 1.7 ppm in the last egg laid by birds that had earlier been fed 5, 10, or 20 ppm mercury, respectively. Higher concentrations of mercury were found in egg albumen than in yolk, and between 95 and 100% of the mercury in the eggs was in the form of methylmercury.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1897/03-111","usgsCitation":"Heinz, G.H., and Hoffman, D.J., 2004, Mercury accumulation and loss in mallard eggs: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 23, no. 1, p. 222-224, https://doi.org/10.1897/03-111.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"222","endPage":"224","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196206,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a49e4b07f02db624479","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heinz, G. H.","contributorId":85905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heinz","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoffman, D. J.","contributorId":12801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5224303,"text":"5224303 - 2004 - Investigating species co-occurrence patterns when species are detected imperfectly","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-30T15:42:59.828089","indexId":"5224303","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:50","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2158,"text":"Journal of Animal Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Investigating species co-occurrence patterns when species are detected imperfectly","docAbstract":"<p>1. Over the last 30 years there has been a great deal of interest in investigating patterns of species co-occurrence across a number of locations, which has led to the development of numerous methods to determine whether there is evidence that a particular pattern may not have occurred by random chance. 2. A key aspect that seems to have been largely overlooked is the possibility that species may not always be detected at a location when present, which leads to 'false absences' in a species presence/absence matrix that may cause incorrect inferences to be made about co-occurrence patterns. Furthermore, many of the published methods for investigating patterns of species co-occurrence do not account for potential differences in the site characteristics that may partially (at least) explain non-random patterns (e.g. due to species having similar/different habitat preferences). 3. Here we present a statistical method for modelling co-occurrence patterns between species while accounting for imperfect detection and site characteristics. This method requires that multiple presence/absence surveys for the species be conducted over a reasonably short period of time at most sites. The method yields unbiased estimates of probabilities of occurrence, and is practical when the number of species is small (&lt; 4). 4. To illustrate the method we consider data collected on two terrestrial salamander species, <i>Plethodon jordani</i> and members of the <i>Plethodon glutinosus</i> complex, collected in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA. We find no evidence that the species do not occur independently at sites once site elevation has been allowed for, although we find some evidence of a statistical interaction between species in terms of detectability that we suggest may be due to changes in relative abundances.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.0021-8790.2004.00828.x","usgsCitation":"MacKenzie, D., Bailey, L., and Nichols, J., 2004, Investigating species co-occurrence patterns when species are detected imperfectly: Journal of Animal Ecology, v. 73, no. 3, p. 546-555, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0021-8790.2004.00828.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"546","endPage":"555","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477994,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0021-8790.2004.00828.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":199464,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Great Smoky Mountains National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83.968505859375,\n              35.29943548054545\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.0126953125,\n              35.29943548054545\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.0126953125,\n              35.746512259918504\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.968505859375,\n              35.746512259918504\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.968505859375,\n              35.29943548054545\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"73","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-04-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699fe6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"MacKenzie, D.I.","contributorId":69522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacKenzie","given":"D.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bailey, L.L. 0000-0002-5959-2018","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5959-2018","contributorId":61006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"L.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5224267,"text":"5224267 - 2004 - Arsenic hazards to humans, plants, and animals from gold mining","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-30T15:52:50.436808","indexId":"5224267","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:50","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Arsenic hazards to humans, plants, and animals from gold mining","docAbstract":"<p>Arsenic sources to the biosphere associated with gold mining include waste soil and rocks, residual water from ore concentrations, roasting of some types of gold-containing ores to remove sulfur and sulfur oxides, and bacterially-enhanced leaching. Arsenic concentrations near gold mining operations were elevated in abiotic materials and biota: maximum total arsenic concentrations measured were 560 <span>μg</span>/L in surface waters, 5.16 mg/L in sediment pore waters, 5.6 mg/kg dry weight (DW) in bird liver, 27 mg/kg DW in terrestrial grasses, 50 mg/kg DW in soils, 79 mg/kg DW in aquatic plants, 103 mg/kg DW in bird diets, 225 mg/kg DW in soft parts of bivalve molluscs, 324 mg/L in mine drainage waters, 625 mg/kg DW in aquatic insects, 7700 mg/kg DW in sediments, and 21,000 mg/kg DW in tailings. Single oral doses of arsenicals that were fatal to 50% of tested species ranged from 17 to 48 mg/kg body weight (BW) in birds and from 2.5 to 33 mg/kg BW in mammals. Susceptible species of mammals were adversely affected at chronic doses of 1 to 10 mg As/kg BW, or 50 mg As/kg diet. Sensitive aquatic species were damaged at water concentrations of 19 to 48 <span>μg</span> As/L, 120 mg As/kg diet, or tissue residues (in the case of freshwater fish) &gt;1.3 mg/kg fresh weight. Adverse effects to crops and vegetation were recorded at 3 to 28 mg of water-soluble As/L (equivalent to about 25 to 85 mg total As/kg soil) and at atmospheric concentrations &gt;3.9 <span>μg</span> As/m3. Gold miners had a number of arsenic-associated health problems including excess mortality from cancer of the lung, stomach, and respiratory tract. Miners and schoolchildren in the vicinity of gold mining activities had elevated urine arsenic of 25.7 <span>μg/L</span> (range 2.2-106.0 <span>μg/L</span>). Of the total population at this location, 20% showed elevated urine arsenic concentrations associated with future adverse health effects; arsenic-contaminated drinking water is the probable causative factor of elevated arsenic in urine. Proposed arsenic criteria to protect human health and natural resources are listed and discussed. Many of these proposed criteria do not adequately protect sensitive species.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"SpringerLink","doi":"10.1007/0-387-21729-0_3","usgsCitation":"Eisler, R., 2004, Arsenic hazards to humans, plants, and animals from gold mining: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 180, p. 133-165, https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-21729-0_3.","productDescription":"33 p.","startPage":"133","endPage":"165","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201679,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"180","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae4ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eisler, R.","contributorId":51869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eisler","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5224305,"text":"5224305 - 2004 - Phosphorus amendment reduces bioavailability of lead to mallards ingesting contaminated sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-30T15:34:18.916429","indexId":"5224305","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:50","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phosphorus amendment reduces bioavailability of lead to mallards ingesting contaminated sediments","docAbstract":"<p>Lead poisoning of waterfowl has been reported for decades in the Coeur d'Alene River Basin in Idaho as a result of the ingestion of lead-contaminated sediments. We conducted a study to determine whether the addition of phosphoric acid to sediments would reduce the bioavailability of lead to mallards (<i>Anas platyrhynchos</i>). When sediments were amended with 1% phosphorus under laboratory conditions, and diets containing 12% amended sediment were fed to mallards, reductions in tissue lead were 43% in blood, 41% in liver, and 59% in kidney with sediment containing about 4,520 <span>μg/g</span> lead on a dry-weight basis and 41, 30, and 57% with sediment containing about 6,990 <span>μg/g</span> lead. When sediments were treated with phosphorus and left to age for about 5 months in the field, reductions in lead were 56% in blood, 54% in liver, and 66% in kidney at one site with about 5,390 <span>μg/g</span> lead and 64, 57, and 77% at a second site with about 6,990 <span>μg/g</span> lead. In the field, the inability to mix the phosphoric acid uniformly and deeply enough into the sediment may have resulted in more than 1% phosphorus being added to the sediment. Although both lab and field amendments of phosphorus substantially reduced the bioavailability of lead, lead concentrations in the tissues of mallards fed the amended sediments were still above those believed to be harmful to waterfowl. Based on earlier studies of sediment toxicity to waterfowl in the Coeur d'Alene River Basin, combined with the results of our amendment study, the addition of phosphoric acid as we used it might only significantly benefit waterfowl where sediments or soils contain less than 1,000-2,000<span>&nbsp;μg/g</span> lead.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"SpringerLink","doi":"10.1007/S00244-003-3036-3","usgsCitation":"Heinz, G.H., Hoffman, D.J., and Audet, D., 2004, Phosphorus amendment reduces bioavailability of lead to mallards ingesting contaminated sediments: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 46, no. 4, p. 534-541, https://doi.org/10.1007/S00244-003-3036-3.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"534","endPage":"541","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195918,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","city":"Coeur d’Alene","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.03186035156251,\n              47.46152250874388\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.59240722656249,\n              47.46152250874388\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.59240722656249,\n              47.879512933970496\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.03186035156251,\n              47.879512933970496\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.03186035156251,\n              47.46152250874388\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"46","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-06-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d994","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heinz, G. H.","contributorId":85905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heinz","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoffman, D. J.","contributorId":12801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Audet, D. J.","contributorId":38949,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Audet","given":"D. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5224293,"text":"5224293 - 2004 - Effects of the mosquito larvicide GB-1111 on bird eggs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-23T11:43:39.564628","indexId":"5224293","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:50","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of the mosquito larvicide GB-1111 on bird eggs","docAbstract":"<p><span>Golden Bear Oil (GB-1111; legal trade name for GB-1313) is a petroleum distillate used in the United States and other countries as a mosquito larvicide. As part of an evaluation of the potential effects of GB-1111 on birds, fertile eggs of mallards (</span><i>Anas platyrhynchos</i><span>) and bobwhite (</span><i>Colinus virginianus</i><span>) were incubated in the laboratory, and treated on day 4 of incubation with external applications equivalent to either 0, 1/3, 1, 3 or 10 times the maximum rate (X) of 47 l/ha (5 gal/A) of field application of GB-1111. Hatching success was significantly reduced in mallards treated at 3 and 10 times the maximum field application, with a calculated approximate LD</span><sub>50</sub><span>&nbsp;of 1.9 times the maximum field application. Most mortality occurred within a week of treatment. Hepatic P450-associated monooxygenase activity (ethoxyresorufin-</span><i>O</i><span>-dealkylase; EROD) was negatively related to dose. In the 3X group there was a significant increase in the concentration of hepatic reduced glutathione (GSH) but a decrease in protein-bound thiols (PBSH). Hatching success of bobwhite was marginally reduced at the highest level of treatment (10X). Other effects at this level in bobwhite included a significant increase in incidence of abnormal embryos or hatchlings, lower body and liver weights, and a two-fold increase in hepatic microsomal EROD activity in hatchlings. The recommended maximum rate of field application of GB-1111 is unlikely to impair the survival or development of bobwhite embryos but is potentially toxic to mallard embryos under conditions of larvicide drift or spray overlap.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2003.08.021","usgsCitation":"Hoffman, D.J., Albers, P., Melancon, M.J., and Miles, A., 2004, Effects of the mosquito larvicide GB-1111 on bird eggs: Environmental Pollution, v. 127, no. 3, p. 353-358, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2003.08.021.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"353","endPage":"358","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199444,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"127","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a27e4b07f02db61086a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffman, D. J.","contributorId":12801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Albers, P.H.","contributorId":26646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Albers","given":"P.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Melancon, M. J.","contributorId":96206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melancon","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miles, A.K. 0000-0002-3108-808X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3108-808X","contributorId":85902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miles","given":"A.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5224290,"text":"5224290 - 2004 - Monitoring programs need to take into account imperfect species detectability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:37","indexId":"5224290","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:50","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":970,"text":"Basic and Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring programs need to take into account imperfect species detectability","docAbstract":"Biodiversiry monitoring is important to identify biological units in need of conservation and to check the effectiveness of conservation actions.  Programs generally monitor species richness and its changes (trend).  Usually, no correction is made for imperfect species detectability.  Instead, it is assumed that each species present has the same probability of being recorded and that there is no difference in this detectability across space and time, e.g. among observers and habitats.  Consequently, species richness is determined by enumeration as the sum of species recorded.  In Switzerland, the federal government has recently launched a comprehensive program that aims at detecting changes in biodiversity at all levels of biological integration.  Birds are an important part of that program.  Since 1999, 23 visits per breeding season are made to each of >250 1 km2 squares to map the territories of all detected breeding bird species.  Here, we analyse data from three squares to illustrate the use of capture-recapture models in monitoring to obtain detectability-corrected estimates of species richness and trend.  Species detectability averaged only 85%.  Hence an estimated 15% of species present remained overlooked even after three visits.  Within a square, changes in detectability for different years were of the same magnitude when surveys were conducted by the same observer as when they were by different observers.  Estimates of trend were usually biased and community turnover was overestimated when based on enumeration.  Here we use bird data as an illustration of methods.  However, species detectability for any taxon is unlikely ever to be perfect or even constant across categories to be compared.  Therefore, monitoring programs should correct for species detectability.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Basic and Applied Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1078/1439-1791-00194","collaboration":"6127_Kery.pdf","usgsCitation":"Kery, M., and Schmid, H., 2004, Monitoring programs need to take into account imperfect species detectability: Basic and Applied Ecology, v. 5, no. 1, p. 65-73, https://doi.org/10.1078/1439-1791-00194.","productDescription":"65-73","startPage":"65","endPage":"73","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199446,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":17401,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1078/1439-1791-00194","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"5","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db6358cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kery, M.","contributorId":46637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kery","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmid, Hans","contributorId":19648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmid","given":"Hans","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5224301,"text":"5224301 - 2004 - Extinction rate estimates for plant populations in revisitation studies: Importance of detectability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-06T16:31:21.678762","indexId":"5224301","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:50","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Extinction rate estimates for plant populations in revisitation studies: Importance of detectability","docAbstract":"Many researchers have obtained extinction-rate estimates for plant populations by comparing historical and current records of occurrence.  A population that is no longer found is assumed to have gone extinct.  Extinction can then be related to characteristics of these populations, such as habitat type, size, or species, to test ideas about what factors may affect extinction.  Such studies neglect the fact that a population may be overlooked, however, which may bias estimates of extinction rates upward.  In addition, if populations are unequally detectable across groups to be compared, such as habitat type or population size, comparisons become distorted to an unknown degree.  To illustrate the problem, I simulated two data sets, assuming a constant extinction rate, in which populations occurred in different habitats or habitats of different size and these factors affected their detectability  The conventional analysis implicitly assumed that detectability equalled 1 and used logistic regression to estimate extinction rates. It wrongly identified habitat and population size as factors affecting extinction risk.  In contrast, with capture-recapture methods, unbiased estimates of extinction rates were recovered.  I argue that capture-recapture methods should be considered more often in estimations of demographic parameters in plant populations and communities.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley Online Library","doi":"10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.00105.x","usgsCitation":"Kery, M., 2004, Extinction rate estimates for plant populations in revisitation studies: Importance of detectability: Conservation Biology, v. 18, no. 2, p. 570-574, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.00105.x.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"570","endPage":"574","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199447,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-03-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a06e4b07f02db5f8a33","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kery, M.","contributorId":46637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kery","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5224276,"text":"5224276 - 2004 - Role of manganese oxides in the exposure of mute swans (Cygnus olor) to Pb and other elements in the Chesapeake Bay, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-23T15:11:58.959882","indexId":"5224276","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:50","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Role of manganese oxides in the exposure of mute swans (<i>Cygnus olor</i>) to Pb and other elements in the Chesapeake Bay, USA","title":"Role of manganese oxides in the exposure of mute swans (Cygnus olor) to Pb and other elements in the Chesapeake Bay, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>The aims of this study are to estimate exposure of waterfowl</span><span>&nbsp;to elements in contaminated sediments in the Chesapeake Bay and to consider the potential role of Mn in influencing bioavailability and exposure. Metal concentrations were measured in livers and digesta taken from mute swans living on the Aberdeen Proving Ground, whose sediment had elevated concentrations of Cu, S, Se, Zn, As, Co, Cr, Hg and Pb. Concentrations of only the first four of these elements were elevated in swan digesta. None of the concentrations detected in the digesta or livers of the swans was considered toxic, although the concentrations of Cu and Se were high compared to concentrations of these elements reported in other waterfowl. Lead was found to be scavenged by Mn and Fe oxides from the water and deposited on the surface of vegetation at a reference site. Under some environmental chemical conditions, this is an important route of exposure to Pb in waterfowl, not previously recognized.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/J.ENVPOL.2003.10.026","usgsCitation":"Beyer, W., and Day, D., 2004, Role of manganese oxides in the exposure of mute swans (Cygnus olor) to Pb and other elements in the Chesapeake Bay, USA: Environmental Pollution, v. 129, no. 2, p. 229-235, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENVPOL.2003.10.026.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"229","endPage":"235","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":388355,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":17406,"rank":0,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6VB5-4B54091-3&_user=696292&_coverDate=05%2F31%2F2004&_rdoc=7&_fmt=summary&_orig=browse&_srch=doc-info(%23toc%235917%232004%23998709997%23482252%23FLA%23display%23Volume)&_cdi=5917&_sort=d&_docanchor=&_ct=18&_acct=C000038819&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=696292&md5=e0aabdb41477263d743b53be101866b9","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Aberdeen Proving Ground, Chesapeake Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.278076171875,\n              39.32686172585973\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.15447998046875,\n              39.32686172585973\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.15447998046875,\n              39.436192999314095\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.278076171875,\n              39.436192999314095\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.278076171875,\n              39.32686172585973\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"129","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af3e4b07f02db691ba9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beyer, W. N. 0000-0002-8911-9141","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-9141","contributorId":55379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beyer","given":"W. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Day, D. 0000-0001-9070-7170","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9070-7170","contributorId":20298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5224623,"text":"5224623 - 2004 - Detecting warning signs of trouble within population fluctuations: using capture-recapture modeling to uncover changes in population dynamics leading to declines","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:32","indexId":"5224623","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:50","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":803,"text":"Annual Meeting of the Association of Field Ornithologists and the Wilson Ornithological Society Program and Abstracts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detecting warning signs of trouble within population fluctuations: using capture-recapture modeling to uncover changes in population dynamics leading to declines","docAbstract":"An intensive mark-recapture/resighting program has been carried out on the Roseate Terns nesting at Falkner Island, Connecticut, since the late 1980s as part of a regional study of the metapopulation dynamics and ecology of the endangered Northwest Atlantic breeding population of this species.  Substantial losses of tern eggs and chicks to predation at this colony site began in 1996 when at least five Black-crowned Night-Herons started nocturnal raids.  This depredation has been a major factor in the reduction of productivity from an average of about 1.0 chicks/pair for the 10 years before night-heron predation began to as low as about 0.2 chicks/pair in 2002.  Recent capture-recapture modelling analyses have detected other important impacts on the population dynamics of the Roseate Terns at this site including a reduction by about half in the 'development-of-residency' rates of first-time breeders, and a substantial decline in the local 'survival-and-fidelity' rates of experienced breeders believed due mostly to increased immigration rates to other colony sites.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Annual Meeting of the Association of Field Ornithologists and the Wilson Ornithological Society Program and Abstracts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"Meeting held April 22-24, 2004 at the Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY","usgsCitation":"Spendelow, J., Nichols, J., Kendall, W., Hines, J., Hatfield, J., and Nisbet, I., 2004, Detecting warning signs of trouble within population fluctuations: using capture-recapture modeling to uncover changes in population dynamics leading to declines: Annual Meeting of the Association of Field Ornithologists and the Wilson Ornithological Society Program and Abstracts.","productDescription":"P42","startPage":"P42","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201994,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667ae4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spendelow, J. A. 0000-0001-8167-0898","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8167-0898","contributorId":72478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spendelow","given":"J. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kendall, W. L. 0000-0003-0084-9891","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0084-9891","contributorId":32880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"W. L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":342127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":342128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hatfield, Jeff S.","contributorId":41372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatfield","given":"Jeff S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nisbet, I.C.T.","contributorId":54942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nisbet","given":"I.C.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":5224310,"text":"5224310 - 2004 - Native bees and plant pollination","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:04","indexId":"5224310","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:50","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3296,"text":"Rhode Island Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Native bees and plant pollination","docAbstract":"Bees are important pollinators, but evidence suggests that numbers of some species are declining.  Decreases have been documented in the honey bee, Apis mellifera (which was introduced to North America), but there are no monitoring programs for the vast majority of native species, so we cannot be sure about the extent of this problem.  Recent efforts to develop standardized protocols for bee sampling will help us collect the data needed to assess trends in bee populations.  Unfortunately, diversity of bee life cycles and phenologies, and the large number of rare species, make it difficult to assess trends in bee faunas.  Changes in bee populations can affect plant reproduction, which can influence plant population density and cover, thus potentially modifying horizontal and vertical structure of a community, microclimate near the ground, patterns of nitrogen deposition, etc.  These potential effects of changes in pollination patterns have not been assessed in natural communities.  Effects of management actions on bees and other pollinators should be considered in conservation planning. ","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Rhode Island Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6159_Ginsberg.pdf","usgsCitation":"Ginsberg, H., 2004, Native bees and plant pollination: Rhode Island Naturalist, v. 11, no. 1, p. 1-3.","productDescription":"1-3","startPage":"1","endPage":"3","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198141,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b10dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ginsberg, H. S. 0000-0002-4933-2466","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4933-2466","contributorId":27576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ginsberg","given":"H. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5224302,"text":"5224302 - 2004 - Tigers and their prey: Predicting carnivore densities from prey abundance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-18T17:26:08.209649","indexId":"5224302","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:50","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3164,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tigers and their prey: Predicting carnivore densities from prey abundance","docAbstract":"<p>The goal of ecology is to understand interactions that determine the distribution and abundance of organisms. In principle, ecologists should be able to identify a small number of limiting resources for a species of interest, estimate densities of these resources at different locations across the landscape, and then use these estimates to predict the density of the focal species at these locations. In practice, however, development of functional relationships between abundances of species and their resources has proven extremely difficult, and examples of such predictive ability are very rare. Ecological studies of prey requirements of tigers <i>Panthera tigris</i> led us to develop a simple mechanistic model for predicting tiger density as a function of prey density. We tested our model using data from a landscape-scale long-term (1995-2003) field study that estimated tiger and prey densities in 11 ecologically diverse sites across India. We used field techniques and analytical methods that specifically addressed sampling and detectability, two issues that frequently present problems in macroecological studies of animal populations. Estimated densities of ungulate prey ranged between 5.3 and 63.8 animals per km<sup>2</sup>. Estimated tiger densities (3.2-16.8 tigers per 100 km<sup>2</sup>) were reasonably consistent with model predictions. The results provide evidence of a functional relationship between abundances of large carnivores and their prey under a wide range of ecological conditions. In addition to generating important insights into carnivore ecology and conservation, the study provides a potentially useful model for the rigorous conduct of macroecological science.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.1073/pnas.0306210101","usgsCitation":"Karanth, K.U., Nichols, J., Kumar, S., Link, W., and Hines, J., 2004, Tigers and their prey: Predicting carnivore densities from prey abundance: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 101, no. 14, p. 4854-4858, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0306210101.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"4854","endPage":"4858","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477991,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/387338","text":"External Repository"},{"id":199448,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"India","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              71.89453125,\n              29.38217507514529\n            ],\n            [\n              69.08203125,\n              27.21555620902969\n            ],\n            [\n              70.3125,\n              25.64152637306577\n            ],\n            [\n              69.08203125,\n              21.616579336740603\n            ],\n            [\n              70.3125,\n              20.138470312451155\n            ],\n            [\n              72.0703125,\n              19.973348786110602\n            ],\n            [\n              72.24609375,\n              17.811456088564483\n            ],\n            [\n              74.70703125,\n              11.867350911459308\n            ],\n            [\n              76.2890625,\n              7.18810087117902\n            ],\n            [\n              79.62890625,\n              8.407168163601076\n            ],\n            [\n              80.68359375,\n              11.867350911459308\n            ],\n            [\n              81.38671875,\n              14.944784875088372\n            ],\n            [\n              84.19921875,\n              16.97274101999902\n            ],\n            [\n              89.12109375,\n              22.755920681486405\n            ],\n            [\n              82.265625,\n              28.613459424004414\n            ],\n            [\n              79.98046875,\n              33.284619968887675\n            ],\n            [\n              74.35546875,\n              32.10118973232094\n            ],\n            [\n              71.89453125,\n              29.38217507514529\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"101","issue":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-03-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a53e4b07f02db62b6e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karanth, K. U.","contributorId":23645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karanth","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"U.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kumar, S.","contributorId":17714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kumar","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Link, W.A. 0000-0002-9913-0256","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9913-0256","contributorId":8815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Link","given":"W.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5224312,"text":"5224312 - 2004 - Tumor prevalence and biomarkers of exposure in brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus) from Back River, Furnace Creek, and Tuckahoe River, Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-24T18:20:26.503054","indexId":"5224312","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:50","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Tumor prevalence and biomarkers of exposure in brown bullhead (<i>Ameiurus nebulosus</i>) from Back River, Furnace Creek, and Tuckahoe River, Maryland","title":"Tumor prevalence and biomarkers of exposure in brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus) from Back River, Furnace Creek, and Tuckahoe River, Maryland","docAbstract":"<p><span>Brown bullheads (</span><i>Ameiurus nebulosus</i><span>) were collected from 2 locations near Baltimore, Maryland, Back River and Furnace Creek, and 1 (reference) location, Tuckahoe River, to compare the prevalence of tumors (liver and skin) and visible skin lesions (fin erosion and abnormal barbels). Cytochrome P450 activity measured as ethoxyresorufin-</span><i>O</i><span>-deethylase, biliary PAH-like fluorescent metabolites, and fillet contaminant concentrations were determined as indicators of exposure in a randomly selected subset of the fish. There were no significant differences in liver tumor prevalence: Back River = 8% (4/50), Furnace Creek = 0% (0/50), and Tuckahoe River = 2.6% (1/39;&nbsp;</span><i>p</i><span>&nbsp;= 0.20, extension of Fisher’s exact test). Skin tumor prevalence was as follows: Furnace Creek = 12% (6/50), Back River = 8% (4/50), and Tuckahoe River = 0% (0/39;&nbsp;</span><i>p</i><span>&nbsp;= 0.063). In the Back River fish, there was a 40% (20/50) prevalence of fin erosion and a 28% (14/50) prevalence of abnormal (shortened, clubbed, or missing) barbels. Fin erosion was not observed in the other collections, and only 10% (5/50) of the Furnace Creek fish had abnormal barbels (</span><i>p</i><span>&nbsp;&lt; 0.001 for both lesions). There were statistically significant differences in mean EROD activity, with levels in Furnace Creek and Back River fish approximately twice that found in Tuckahoe River fish. There were also significant differences in mean benzo(a)pyrene-like bile metabolite concentrations: the lowest mean was in the Tuckahoe River fish, 8 times higher in Furnace Creek fish, and 13 times higher in Back River fish. Of the 3 groups, the Back River bullheads appear to be most adversely affected by contaminant exposure because they had the highest prevalence of liver tumors, fin erosion, and abnormal barbels.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00244-003-2252-1","usgsCitation":"Pinkney, A., Harshbarger, J., May, E., and Melancon, M.J., 2004, Tumor prevalence and biomarkers of exposure in brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus) from Back River, Furnace Creek, and Tuckahoe River, Maryland: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 46, no. 4, p. 492-501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-003-2252-1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"492","endPage":"501","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201594,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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 \"}}]}","volume":"46","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-06-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a49e4b07f02db6241bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pinkney, A.E.","contributorId":87501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pinkney","given":"A.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harshbarger, J.C.","contributorId":18303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harshbarger","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"May, E.B.","contributorId":6406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"E.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Melancon, M. J.","contributorId":96206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melancon","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5224306,"text":"5224306 - 2004 - Comparative dynamics of small mammal populations in treefall gaps and surrounding understorey within Amazonian rainforest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-18T15:48:54.454572","indexId":"5224306","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:50","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2939,"text":"Oikos","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparative dynamics of small mammal populations in treefall gaps and surrounding understorey within Amazonian rainforest","docAbstract":"<p>Variation in food resource availability can have profound effects on habitat selection and dynamics of populations. Previous studies reported higher food resource availability and fruit removal in treefall gaps than in the understorey. Therefore, gaps have been considered 'keystone habitat' for Neotropical frugivore birds. Here we test if this prediction would also hold for terrestrial small mammals. In the Amazon, we quantified food resource availability in eleven treefall gaps and paired understorey habitats and used feeding experiments to test if two common terrestrial rodents (<i>Oryzomys megacephalus</i> and <i>Proechimys</i> spp.) would perceive differences between habitats. We live-trapped small mammals in eleven gaps and understorey sites for two years, and compared abundance, fitness components (survival and per capita recruitment) and dispersal of these two rodent species across gaps and understorey and seasons (rainy and dry). Our data indicated no differences in resource availability and consumption rate between habitats. Treefall gaps may represent a sink habitat for <i>Oryzomys</i> where individuals had lower fitness, apparently because of habitat-specific ant predation on early life stages, than in the understorey, the source habitat. Conversely, gaps may be source habitat for <i>Proechimys</i> where individuals had higher fitness, than in the understorey, the sink habitat. Our results suggest the presence of source-sink dynamics in a tropical gap-understorey landscape, where two rodent species perceive habitats differently. This may be a mechanism for their coexistence in a heterogeneous and species-diverse system.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.12864.x","usgsCitation":"Beck, H., Gaines, M., Hines, J., and Nichols, J., 2004, Comparative dynamics of small mammal populations in treefall gaps and surrounding understorey within Amazonian rainforest: Oikos, v. 106, no. 1, p. 27-38, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.12864.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"38","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477993,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.12864.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":199516,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Peru","otherGeospatial":"World Biosphere Park Manu","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.82617187499999,\n              -4.653079918274076\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.453125,\n              -8.320212289522969\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.255859375,\n              -13.325484885597936\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.267578125,\n              -16.214674588248542\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.87304687499997,\n              -18.396230138028837\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.90624999999997,\n              -16.3833911236084\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.99414062499999,\n              -14.944784875088386\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.81835937499999,\n              -12.811801316582631\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.52148437499999,\n              -11.092165893502013\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.400390625,\n              -9.535748998133615\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.455078125,\n              -9.535748998133615\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.77343749999997,\n              -9.102096738726468\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.47656249999999,\n              -7.188100871179045\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.42187499999999,\n              -5.5285105256928135\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.015625,\n              -5.003394345022175\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.04882812499997,\n              -3.6888551431470478\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.60937499999999,\n              -2.2845506602369827\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.12499999999999,\n              -1.406108835435185\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.32226562499999,\n              -2.5444437451708134e-14\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.93749999999999,\n              -1.3182430568620263\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.16796875,\n              -2.3723687086440757\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.01367187499997,\n              -4.039617826768462\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.59570312499999,\n              -3.162455530237873\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.82617187499999,\n              -4.653079918274076\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"106","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-05-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae56d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beck, H.","contributorId":27587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beck","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gaines, M.S.","contributorId":70887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaines","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5224311,"text":"5224311 - 2004 - Sediment-quality assessment of the Lower Oconee River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:30","indexId":"5224311","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:50","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3444,"text":"Southeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sediment-quality assessment of the Lower Oconee River","docAbstract":"Sediment quality was assessed at multiple sites in the lower Oconee River, GA to identify contaminants potentially affecting the survival of an endemic ?At-Risk? species of fish, the robust redhorse (Moxostoma robustum).  Five major tributaries that drain urban and agricultural watersheds enter this stretch of river and several carry permitted municipal and industrial effluents containing Cd, Cu, and Zn.  Sediments for chemical analyses and toxicity tests with Hyalella azteca (Amphipoda) were collected at 12 locations that included sites above and below the major tributaries. Compared to national data bases and to the nearby Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint watershed, sediments from the Oconee River had elevated concentrations of Cr, Cu, Hg and Zn.  Zinc concentrations showed a marked increase in sediment downstream of the confluence of Buffalo Creek demonstrating contributions from permitted municipal and industrial effluents discharged to that tributary. When exposed to these sediments, growth of H. azteca was significantly reduced.  Amphipod growth was also reduced when exposed to sediments collected from another site due to toxicity from Cr. Sediments in the lower Oconee River appear to be impaired due to metal contamination and could pose a threat to organisms, such as the robust redhorse, that are closely associated with this matrix during their life cycle.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southeastern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6162_Lasier.pdf","usgsCitation":"Lasier, P., Winger, P.V., Shelton, J., and Bogenrieder, K.J., 2004, Sediment-quality assessment of the Lower Oconee River: Southeastern Naturalist, v. 3, no. 1, p. 139-154.","productDescription":"139-154","startPage":"139","endPage":"154","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":17411,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1656%2F1528-7092%282004%29003%5B0139%3ASAOTLO%5D2.0.CO%3B2","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":201782,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb25a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lasier, P. J.","contributorId":79201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lasier","given":"P. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Winger, P. V.","contributorId":43075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winger","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shelton, J.L. Jr.","contributorId":90850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelton","given":"J.L.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bogenrieder, K. J.","contributorId":22880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bogenrieder","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5224309,"text":"5224309 - 2004 - Passive tick surveillance, dog seropositivity, and incidence of human Lyme disease","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-07T14:42:58","indexId":"5224309","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:50","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3675,"text":"Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Passive tick surveillance, dog seropositivity, and incidence of human Lyme disease","docAbstract":"<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">Data on nymphal <i>Ixodes scapularis</i> ticks submitted by the public to the University of Rhode Island Tick Research Laboratory for testing from 1991 to 2000 were compared with human case data from the Rhode Island Department of Health to determine the efficacy of passive tick surveillance at assessing human risk of Lyme disease. Numbers of ticks submitted were highly correlated with human cases by county (<i>r</i> = 0.998, <i>n</i> = 5 counties) and by town (<i>r</i> = 0.916, <i>n</i> = 37 towns), as were the numbers of positive ticks submitted (<i>r</i> = 0.989 by county, <i>r</i> = 0.787 by town). Human cases were correlated with ticks submitted by town each year, and with positive ticks in all but 2 years. Thus, passive tick surveillance effectively assessed geographical risk of human Lyme disease. In contrast, tick submissions through time were not correlated with human cases from year to year. Dog seropositivity was significantly correlated with human cases by county in both years tested, but by town in only one of two years. Numbers of ticks submitted were correlated with dog seropositivity by county but not by town, apparently because of high variability among towns with small sample sizes. Our results suggest that passive tick surveillance, using ticks submitted by the public for Lyme spirochete testing, can be used to assess the geographical distribution of Lyme disease risk, but cannot reliably predict Lyme incidence from year to year.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.","doi":"10.1089/1530366041210710","usgsCitation":"Johnson, J.L., Ginsberg, H.S., Zhioua, E., Whitworth, U.G., Markowski, D., Hyland, K.E., and Hu, R., 2004, Passive tick surveillance, dog seropositivity, and incidence of human Lyme disease: Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, v. 4, no. 2, p. 137-142, https://doi.org/10.1089/1530366041210710.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"137","endPage":"142","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487140,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/pls_facpubs/167","text":"External Repository"},{"id":201509,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4994e4b07f02db5b5f93","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Jaree L.","contributorId":177249,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Jaree","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ginsberg, Howard S. hginsberg@usgs.gov","contributorId":140901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ginsberg","given":"Howard","email":"hginsberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhioua, Elyes","contributorId":177231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhioua","given":"Elyes","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Whitworth, Ulysses G.","contributorId":94415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitworth","given":"Ulysses","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Markowski, Daniel","contributorId":177250,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Markowski","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hyland, Kerwin E.","contributorId":177251,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hyland","given":"Kerwin","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hu, Renjie","contributorId":177252,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hu","given":"Renjie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":5224283,"text":"5224283 - 2004 - Mercury hazards from gold mining to humans, plants, and animals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-30T15:46:59.498052","indexId":"5224283","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:50","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury hazards from gold mining to humans, plants, and animals","docAbstract":"<p>Mercury contamination of the environment from historical and ongoing mining practices that rely on mercury amalgamation for gold extraction is widespread. Contamination was particularly severe in the immediate vicinity of gold extraction and refining operations; however, mercury, especially in the form of water-soluble methylmercury, may be transported to pristine areas by rainwater, water currents, deforestation, volatilization, and other vectors. Examples of gold mining-associated mercury pollution are shown for Canada, the United States, Africa, China, the Philippines, Siberia, and South America. In parts of Brazil, for example, mercury concentrations in all abiotic materials, plants, and animals--including endangered species of mammals and reptiles, collected near ongoing mercury-amalgamation gold mining sites were far in excess of allowable mercury levels promulgated by regulatory agencies for the protection of human health and natural resources. Although health authorities in Brazil are unable to detect conclusive evidence of human mercury intoxication, the potential exists in the absence of mitigation for epidemic mercury poisoning of the mining population and environs. In the United States, environmental mercury contamination is mostly from historical gold mining practices, and portions of Nevada remain sufficiently mercury-contaminated to pose a hazard to reproduction of carnivorous fishes and fish-eating birds. <span>Concentrations of total mercury lethal to sensitive representative natural resources range from 0.1 to 2.0 microg/L of medium for aquatic organisms; from 2,200 to 31,000 microg/kg BW (acute oral) and from 4,000 to 40,000 microg/kg (dietary) for birds; and from 100 to 500 microg/kg BW (daily dose) and from 1,000 to 5,000 microg/kg diet for mammals. Significant adverse sublethal effects were observed among selected aquatic species at water concentrations of 0.03-0.1 microg Hg/L. For some birds, adverse effects, mainly on reproduction, have been associated with total mercury concentrations (microg/kg FW) of 5,000 in feathers, 900 in eggs, and 50-100 in diet, and with daily intakes of 640 microg/kg BW. Sensitive nonhuman mammals showed significant adverse effects of mercury when daily intakes were 250 microg/kg BW, when dietary levels were 1,100 microg/kg, or when tissue concentrations exceeded 1,100 microg/kg. Proposed mercury criteria for protection of aquatic life range from 0.012 microg/L for freshwater life to 0.025 microg/L for marine life; for birds, less than 100 microg/kg diet FW; and for small mammals, less than 1,100 microg/kg FW diet. All these proposed criteria provide, at best, minimal protection.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"SpringerLink","doi":"10.1007/0-387-21733-9_4","usgsCitation":"Eisler, R., 2004, Mercury hazards from gold mining to humans, plants, and animals: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 181, p. 139-198, https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-21733-9_4.","productDescription":"60 p.","startPage":"139","endPage":"198","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202450,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"181","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db624bd3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eisler, R.","contributorId":51869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eisler","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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