This paper broadens the description of sedimentary organic matter from the conventional use of coal petrography to include palynological and geochemical sedimentary organic matter. Palynological sedimentary organic matter includes all chemically resistant organic microfossils, such as pollen and spores, dinocysts, microforaminifera (chitinoid-like linings of foraminifera), microscopic algae, charcoal, palynodebris, acritarchs, chitinozoans, and scolecodonts. Geochemical sedimentary organic matter includes organic biomarkers, lipids, and photosynthetic pigments. We provide examples of the use of palynological and geochemical analysis of sedimentary organic matter to understand patterns and impacts of changing climate, fire regimes, hydrologic extremes, water quality, and land change on terrestrial and marine systems through geologic time to provide a long-term perspective to evaluate anthropogenic impacts on the Earth as well as to support forensics investigations.
Potential adverse ecological effects of expanded uranium (U) mining within the Grand Canyon region motivated studies to better understand U exposure and risk to endemic species. This study documents U exposures and analyzes geochemical and biological factors affecting U bioaccumulation at spring-fed systems within the Grand Canyon region. The principal objective was to determine if aqueous U was broadly indicative of U accumulated by insect larvae, a dominate fauna. Analyses focused on three widely distributed taxa: Argia sp. (a predatory damselfly), Culicidae (suspension feeding mosquitos), and Limnephilus sp. (a detritivorous caddisfly). The study showed that U accumulated by aquatic insects (and periphyton) generally correlated positively with total dissolved U, although correlations were strongest when based on modeled concentrations of the U-dicarbonato complex, UO2(CO3)2–2, and UO2(OH)2. Sediment metal concentration was a redundant indicator of U bioaccumulation. Neither insect size or U in the gut content of Limnephilus sp. substantially affected correlations between aqueous U and whole-body U concentrations. However, in Limnephilus sp., the gut and its content contained large quantities of U. Estimates of the sediment burden in the gut indicated that sediment was a minor source of U mass but contributed substantially to the total insect weight. As a result, whole-body U concentration would tend to vary inversely with the sediment burden of the gut. The correlations between aqueous U and bioaccumulated U provide an initial relational baseline against which newly acquired data could be evaluated for changes in U exposure during and after mining operations.
Currently, the US Fish and Wildlife Service makes eagle permitting and management decisions nationwide based on a limited understanding of the impacts of wind power generation on eagles, and the factors that influence risk at a given facility. Accurate estimates of eagle mortality at wind power facilities form the basis for comparing the magnitudes of mortality rates in different areas and for measuring the benefits of proposed methods of minimizing the collision-caused impacts to eagle populations. Simple counts of observed eagle carcasses at wind facilities are almost certainly underestimates of the true mortality because fatalities can be removed by scavengers, be missed by searchers, or fall outside searched areas. For the latter, models of relative carcass density as a function of distance from the turbine can be fit to observed carcass locations and used to estimate the proportion of carcasses expected to land within an area of any configuration beneath a turbine. In the USA, however, it has been difficult to estimate these models for large birds such as Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) due to inadequate numbers of dead eagles found at any single facility. In this case, analysis of a surrogate species might be useful to inform carcass distributions. We chose to model the carcass distribution of White-tailed Eagles (Haliaeetus albicilla) in Norway as an informative surrogate for Bald Eagles and Golden Eagles in the USA. Our three best-fitting parametric models were very consistent in estimating that 50% (95% CI: 40–60%) of White-tailed Eagle carcasses land within approximately 42 m of the turbines that had 70-m hubs and approximately 40-m blades. Although our models were fit to data from White-tailed Eagles and not Bald or Golden Eagles, applying these models when calculating mortality impacts of wind developments on both eagle species will likely improve the accuracy of post-construction mortality estimates, particularly at sites where substantial areas may be unsearchable. Accurate post-construction mortality estimates can inform pre-construction fatality prediction models. Resource managers can determine whether their conditions are sufficiently similar to those we modeled to warrant the use of these models for Bald and Golden Eagle carcass distributions.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.3356/JRR-21-53","usgsCitation":"Huso, M., Dalthorp, D., Mintz, J.M., Nygard, T., and May, R., 2023, Modeling the spatial distribution of carcasses of eagles killed by wind turbines: Journal of Raptor Research, v. 57, no. 3, p. 456-467, https://doi.org/10.3356/JRR-21-53.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"456","endPage":"467","ipdsId":"IP-132647","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":420655,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"http://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huso, Manuela 0000-0003-4687-6625 mhuso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-6625","contributorId":223969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huso","given":"Manuela","email":"mhuso@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":882653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dalthorp, Daniel 0000-0002-4815-6309","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4815-6309","contributorId":329585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dalthorp","given":"Daniel","affiliations":[{"id":78668,"text":"PowerStats","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":882654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mintz, Jeffrey Michael 0000-0003-4345-366X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4345-366X","contributorId":225149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mintz","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":882655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nygard, Torgeir","contributorId":203220,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nygard","given":"Torgeir","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36585,"text":"Norwegian Institute for Natural Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":882656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"May, Roel","contributorId":329586,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"May","given":"Roel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":33046,"text":"Norwegian Institute for Nature Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":882657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70246767,"text":"70246767 - 2023 - Characterization of a complex sand-rich gas hydrate reservoir system in the Indian marine continental margin with downhole log and seismic data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-19T12:10:35.910389","indexId":"70246767","displayToPublicDate":"2023-06-15T07:06:48","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2382,"text":"Journal of Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of a complex sand-rich gas hydrate reservoir system in the Indian marine continental margin with downhole log and seismic data","docAbstract":"Logging-while-drilling (LWD) and coring data were acquired in Areas A, B, C and E during the National Gas Hydrate Program Expedition 02 (NGHP-02). At Sites NGHP-02-16, −17, −20, −23 and −24 of Area B in the Indian Krishna-Godavari Basin, the gas hydrate-bearing sand-rich reservoirs directly in contact with an underlying water-saturated sediment were revealed near the seismic-inferred bottom simulating reflector (BSR) along a large anticlinal structure. Lithofacies analysis of cores show that the lower gas hydrate-bearing reservoir section at these sites is an interbedded unit with thin fine-sand layers alternating with clay-rich layers. We reanalyzed the LWD data including resistivity, compressional-wave and shear-wave acoustic velocities to assess and compare the spatial variation of sand-hosted gas hydrate and possible related free-gas accumulations. The presence of free gas-bearing sediments in direct contact with gas hydrate-bearing sediments was confirmed at Sites NGHP-02-20 and −24 along the northeastern flank of the anticline. The sand-rich reservoirs associated with the Area B anticlinal feature reveal different pore-filling constituents and variable boundary conditions, including gas hydrate/water contacts and gas hydrate/free gas contacts. We infer that the sedimentary depositional history at Sites NGHP-02-20 and −24, may have resulted in an upward shift of the base of gas hydrate stability zone, that could have led to in situ gas hydrate dissociation and the accumulation of free gas and coexistence interval below the log-inferred gas hydrate-bearing reservoir sections. This study demonstrates that reservoir heterogeneity and fluid migration were major factors affecting the distribution of gas hydrate and free gas in the identified sand-rich reservoirs.
Citizen science is a cost-effective potential source of invasive species occurrence data. However, data quality issues due to unstructured sampling approaches may discourage the use of these observations by science and conservation professionals. This study explored the utility of low-structure iNaturalist citizen science data in invasive plant monitoring. We first examined the prevalence of invasive taxa in iNaturalist plant observations and sampling biases associated with these data. Using four invasive species as examples, we then compared iNaturalist and professional agency observations and used the two datasets to model suitable habitat for each species.
Hawai'i, USA.
To estimate the prevalence of invasive plant data, we compared the number of species and observations recorded in iNaturalist to botanical checklists for Hawai'i. Sampling bias was quantified along gradients of site accessibility, protective status and vegetation disturbance using a bias index. Habitat suitability for four invasive species was modelled in Maxent, using observations from iNaturalist, professional agencies and stratified subsets of iNaturalist data.
iNaturalist plant observations were biased towards invasive species, which were frequently recorded in areas with higher road/trail density and vegetation disturbance. Professional observations of four example invasive species tended to occur in less accessible, native-dominated sites. Habitat suitability models based on iNaturalist versus professional data showed moderate overlap and different distributions of suitable habitat across vegetation disturbance classes. Stratifying iNaturalist observations had little effect on how suitable habitat was distributed for the species modelled in this study.
Opportunistic iNaturalist observations have the potential to complement and expand professional invasive plant monitoring, which we found was often affected by inverse sampling biases. Invasive species represented a high proportion of iNaturalist plant observations, and were recorded in environments that were not captured by professional surveys. Combining the datasets thus led to more comprehensive estimates of suitable habitat.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13749","usgsCitation":"Dimson, M., Fortini, L., Tingley, M.W., and Gillespie, T., 2023, Citizen science can complement professional invasive plant surveys and improve estimates of suitable habitat: Diversity and Distributions, v. 29, no. 9, p. 1141-1156, https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13749.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1141","endPage":"1156","ipdsId":"IP-139923","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":443085,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13749","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":420108,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"29","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dimson, Monica","contributorId":304630,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dimson","given":"Monica","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":33607,"text":"University of California Los Angeles","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":881118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fortini, Lucas Berio 0000-0002-5781-7295","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5781-7295","contributorId":236984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fortini","given":"Lucas Berio","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tingley, Morgan W","contributorId":328728,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tingley","given":"Morgan","email":"","middleInitial":"W","affiliations":[{"id":12763,"text":"University of California, Los Angeles","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":881120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gillespie, Thomas W","contributorId":304639,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gillespie","given":"Thomas W","affiliations":[{"id":33607,"text":"University of California Los Angeles","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":881121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70255122,"text":"70255122 - 2023 - Integrating community science and agency-collected monitoring data to expand monitoring capacity at large spatial scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-14T11:24:02.625488","indexId":"70255122","displayToPublicDate":"2023-06-15T06:22:20","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrating community science and agency-collected monitoring data to expand monitoring capacity at large spatial scales","docAbstract":"Monitoring species to better understand their status, ecology, and management needs is a major expense for agencies tasked with biodiversity conservation. Community science data have the potential to improve monitoring for minimal cost, given appropriate analytical frameworks. We describe a framework for integrating data from the eBird community science platform with agency-collected monitoring data using a multistate occupancy model. Our model accounts for the structural differences across datasets and allows for estimation of both occupancy and breeding probabilities. The framework was applied to Common Loons (Gavia immer) in Washington State. A total of 766 sites had observation effort, of which 713 sites had only eBird effort, 26 sites had only Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW) effort, and 27 sites had both. We predicted that the probability of occupancy was only 0.07 (95% Bayesian credible interval, BCI = 0.02–0.51) at the 2324 sites in our sampling frame, though the probability that Common Loons were breeding at occupied sites was 0.95 (95% BCI = 0.71–1.00). We found that probability of occupancy was positively related to waterbody size (probability of a positive effect = 0.88) and negatively related to an index of human influence (probability of a negative effect = 0.94). We found that probability of breeding at occupied sites was positively related to tree canopy cover (0.86), negatively related to elevation (0.99), and negatively related to barren, scrub/shrub, and herbaceous land cover (0.98). We found that state agency biologists were 16 times more likely to detect breeding Common Loons at a site than were eBird users (0.94, 95% BCI = 0.78–0.99 for agency biologists vs. 0.08, 95% BCI = 0.06–0.10 for eBird users). However, the amount of effort expended by eBird users meant that they confirmed Common Loons at 94 sites while agency biologists confirmed them at just 24 sites, although evidence of reproduction was only contributed by agency biologists. Our results provide a better understanding of the distribution of Common Loons in Washington, while further demonstrating that community science data can be a valuable complement to agency-collected data, if appropriate frameworks are developed to integrate these data sources.
Indigenous Knowledge (IK) is increasingly involved in the contemporary management of natural resources. Tribal wildlife management programs in the United States may be uniquely positioned to effectively and ethically integrate their IK. While a narrow focus on the body of IK and a particular management activity may suffice for project-level integration efforts, herein we consider how IK integration at the programmatic level may be best supported. We propose a holistic conceptual framework of preconditions including sovereignty, the North American Model management, funding, cultural resources, stakeholder support, and programmatic leadership. We assess the current status and common challenges with each precondition and illustrate their potential roles for a more lasting and pervasive integration of IK into tribal wildlife management programs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wsb.1467","usgsCitation":"Ciocco, T.W., Tangen, S., and Smith, C., 2023, Actualizing Indigenous Knowledge in tribal wildlife management: Basic preconditions: The Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 47, no. 3, e1467, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.1467.","productDescription":"e1467, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-145809","costCenters":[{"id":40927,"text":"North Central Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":443091,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.1467","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":418090,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ciocco, Tony W. 0000-0002-5849-888X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5849-888X","contributorId":306365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ciocco","given":"Tony","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":40927,"text":"North Central Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":875393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tangen, Stefan 0000-0002-6628-6094","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6628-6094","contributorId":298945,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tangen","given":"Stefan","affiliations":[{"id":64737,"text":"Great Plains Tribal Water Alliance","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":875394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Chad","contributorId":306367,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Chad","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36307,"text":"University of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":875395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70244331,"text":"70244331 - 2023 - Using multiscale environmental and spatial analyses to understand natural and anthropogenic influence on fish communities in four Canadian rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-14T15:33:05.44397","indexId":"70244331","displayToPublicDate":"2023-06-14T10:20:32","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3709,"text":"Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using multiscale environmental and spatial analyses to understand natural and anthropogenic influence on fish communities in four Canadian rivers","docAbstract":"Science-based conservation of riverine fishes can be best targeted with specific information about spatial-ecological controls on the community, including anthropogenic stressors. Because anthropogenic stressors can originate at multiple spatial scales, we investigated the influence of natural and anthropogenic variables summarized within the reach, valley, and catchment on fish community composition along four river mainstems in Ontario, Canada. We used Redundancy Analyses (RDA) to explore models with multi- and single-scale variables on fish community composition. We used partial RDAs to differentiate the relative effects of variable types in multiscale models and to determine if spatial variables explained additional variation in fish community composition. Catchment variables accounted for the majority of explained variation in fish community composition in three of the four rivers, but instream habitat variables accounted for considerable variability in fish community composition in the two rivers that are highly fragmented by dams or naturally occurring rapids. Natural and human-derived fragmentation in rivers may reduce the influence of catchment controls, disrupt longitudinal gradients, and increase the influence of local instream habitat. Environmental variables that explained fish distribution had longitudinal or patchy spatial pattern within rivers, but spatial variables representing impediments to fish dispersal and proximity to receiving waterbodies failed to explain additional variation in fish community composition.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/w15122213","usgsCitation":"Sparks-Jackson, B.L., Esselman, P., Wilson, C.C., and Carl, L.M., 2023, Using multiscale environmental and spatial analyses to understand natural and anthropogenic influence on fish communities in four Canadian rivers: Water, v. 15, no. 12, 2213, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/w15122213.","productDescription":"2213, 25 p.","ipdsId":"IP-125420","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5068,"text":"Midwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":443093,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w15122213","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":418089,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","state":"Ontario","otherGeospatial":"Ganaraska River, Grand River, Petawawa River, St. Lawrence River watershed, Trent River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.38795032719975,\n 43.6259084589432\n ],\n [\n -80.7097338741388,\n 43.6259084589432\n ],\n [\n -80.7097338741388,\n 42.91759095777866\n ],\n [\n -79.38795032719975,\n 42.91759095777866\n ],\n [\n -79.38795032719975,\n 43.6259084589432\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.79725461639248,\n 44.28057044638072\n ],\n [\n -76.79725461639248,\n 45.20435320940845\n ],\n [\n -78.6794743872343,\n 45.20435320940845\n ],\n [\n -78.6794743872343,\n 44.28057044638072\n ],\n [\n -76.79725461639248,\n 44.28057044638072\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.90765267935988,\n 46.09947863532636\n ],\n [\n -77.90765267935988,\n 45.74640546676605\n ],\n [\n -76.96654279393933,\n 45.74640546676605\n ],\n [\n -76.96654279393933,\n 46.09947863532636\n ],\n [\n -77.90765267935988,\n 46.09947863532636\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sparks-Jackson, Beth L. 0000-0002-1726-1480","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1726-1480","contributorId":215005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sparks-Jackson","given":"Beth","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":875389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Esselman, Peter C. 0000-0002-0085-903X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0085-903X","contributorId":204291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esselman","given":"Peter C.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":875390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilson, Christopher C. 0000-0002-9528-0652","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9528-0652","contributorId":256696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":51832,"text":"Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation Unit, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Peterborough, ON, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":875391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carl, Leon M. 0000-0001-6419-2214 lcarl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6419-2214","contributorId":256693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carl","given":"Leon","email":"lcarl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5068,"text":"Midwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":875392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70263632,"text":"70263632 - 2023 - Modern products for a vintage event: An update on the 1933 Long Beach, California, earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-19T16:12:24.444322","indexId":"70263632","displayToPublicDate":"2023-06-14T10:08:39","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10542,"text":"The Seismic Record","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modern products for a vintage event: An update on the 1933 Long Beach, California, earthquake","docAbstract":"When a notable earthquake occurs in the United States, a range of familiar real‐ and near‐real‐time products are produced by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS), and made available via the ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog. For historical and early instrumental earthquakes, similar results and products are developed depending on data availability and event significance, drawing from published later studies. The year 2023 marked the ninetieth anniversary of the 11 March 1933 Long Beach, California, earthquake. This anniversary provided the impetus to update ANSS products, drawing on archived and published data. Here, we describe the updated ShakeMap, shaking recordings and intensities, and retrospective aftershock forecast for the Long Beach, California, earthquake. In effect we have developed standard, modern ANSS products for an earthquake that occurred 90 yr ago. Our results show that the distributions of both the ground motions, anchored by three strong‐motion recordings, and aftershock magnitudes are consistent with expectations for an M 6.4 mainshock in Southern California. We show that, notwithstanding possible limitations, instrumentally recorded accelerations from the closest station are consistent with predicted shaking and directly estimated macroseismic intensities. Updated data products have been added to the USGS event page, where they are available for download. Public‐facing products were also created for the anniversary and are freely available on the USGS website.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0320230015","usgsCitation":"Hough, S.E., Blair, J.L., Ellison, S., Graves, R., Haefner, S., Thompson, E.M., van der Elst, N., Page, M.T., and Wald, D.J., 2023, Modern products for a vintage event: An update on the 1933 Long Beach, California, earthquake: The Seismic Record, v. 3, no. 2, p. 171-181, https://doi.org/10.1785/0320230015.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"171","endPage":"181","ipdsId":"IP-152269","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487650,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0320230015","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":482220,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Long Beach","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.10057757657458,\n 34.481723829510074\n ],\n [\n -119.10057757657458,\n 33.30206417955914\n ],\n [\n -117.44400100782676,\n 33.30206417955914\n ],\n [\n -117.44400100782676,\n 34.481723829510074\n ],\n [\n -119.10057757657458,\n 34.481723829510074\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"3","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hough, Susan E. 0000-0002-5980-2986","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5980-2986","contributorId":263442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hough","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blair, J. Luke 0000-0002-6980-6446 lblair@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6980-6446","contributorId":4146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blair","given":"J.","email":"lblair@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Luke","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellison, Sonia 0000-0003-3446-0745","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3446-0745","contributorId":270256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellison","given":"Sonia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Graves, Robert 0000-0001-9758-453X rwgraves@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9758-453X","contributorId":140738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graves","given":"Robert","email":"rwgraves@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Haefner, Scott","contributorId":350679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haefner","given":"Scott","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Thompson, Eric M. 0000-0002-6943-4806 emthompson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6943-4806","contributorId":150897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Eric","email":"emthompson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"van der Elst, Nicholas 0000-0002-3812-1153 nvanderelst@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3812-1153","contributorId":147858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van der Elst","given":"Nicholas","email":"nvanderelst@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Page, Morgan T. 0000-0001-9321-2990 mpage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9321-2990","contributorId":3762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Page","given":"Morgan","email":"mpage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wald, David J. 0000-0002-1454-4514 wald@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1454-4514","contributorId":795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wald","given":"David","email":"wald@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70257362,"text":"70257362 - 2023 - Fall migration, oceanic movement, and site residency patterns of eastern red bats (Lasiurus borealis) on the mid-Atlantic Coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-04T16:04:51.628052","indexId":"70257362","displayToPublicDate":"2023-06-14T09:41:56","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2792,"text":"Movement Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fall migration, oceanic movement, and site residency patterns of eastern red bats (Lasiurus borealis) on the mid-Atlantic Coast","docAbstract":"Along the mid-Atlantic coast of the United States, eastern red bats (Lasiurus borealis) are present during fall mating and migration, though little is currently known about most aspects of bat migration. To reveal migration patterns, and understand drivers of over-water flight, we captured and radio-tagged 115 eastern red bats using novel technology, and subsequently tracked and described their movements throughout the region. We compared over-water flight movements to randomly generated patterns using a use-availability framework, and subsequently used a generalized linear mixed effects model to assess the relationship of over-water flight to atmospheric variables. We used hidden Markov models to assess daily activity patterns and site residency. Most bats with long-distance movements traveled in a southwesterly direction, however path vectors were often oriented interior toward the continental landmass rather than along the coastline. We observed that some bats transited wide sections of the Chesapeake and Delaware bays, confirming their ability to travel across large water bodies. This over-water flight typically occurred in the early hours of the night and during favorable flying conditions. If flight over large water bodies is a proxy for over-ocean flight, then collision risk at offshore wind turbines – a major source of migratory bat fatalities – may be linked nightly to warm temperatures that occur early in the fall season. Risk, then, may be somewhat predictable and manageable with mitigation options linking wind-energy operation to weather conditions and seasonality.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1186/s40462-023-00398-x","usgsCitation":"True, M., Gorman, K.M., Taylor, H., Reynolds, R., and Ford, W., 2023, Fall migration, oceanic movement, and site residency patterns of eastern red bats (Lasiurus borealis) on the mid-Atlantic Coast: Movement Ecology, v. 11, no. 35, e35, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-023-00398-x.","productDescription":"e35, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-150083","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":443096,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-023-00398-x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":433113,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"mid-Atlantic 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\"}}]}","volume":"11","issue":"35","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"True, Michael C.","contributorId":270631,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"True","given":"Michael C.","affiliations":[{"id":25550,"text":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gorman, Katherine M.","contributorId":270924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gorman","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36967,"text":"Virginia Tech University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taylor, Hila","contributorId":270923,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taylor","given":"Hila","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36967,"text":"Virginia Tech University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reynolds, Richard J.","contributorId":348217,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Richard J.","affiliations":[{"id":83324,"text":"Virginia Dept. of Wildlife Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ford, W. Mark 0000-0002-9611-594X wford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9611-594X","contributorId":172499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ford","given":"W. Mark","email":"wford@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":910120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70244321,"text":"sir20235044 - 2023 - Nutrient and suspended-sediment concentrations, flux, and yields in the Galena River, Illinois, 2019–21","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-09T15:53:21.493548","indexId":"sir20235044","displayToPublicDate":"2023-06-14T09:22:52","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2023-5044","displayTitle":"Nutrient and Suspended-Sediment Concentrations, Flux, and Yields in the Galena River, Illinois, 2019–21","title":"Nutrient and suspended-sediment concentrations, flux, and yields in the Galena River, Illinois, 2019–21","docAbstract":"Two stations on the Galena River in Illinois were monitored for nitrogen, phosphorus, and suspended sediment from 2019 to 2021 to determine physiochemical properties and constituent concentrations, flux, and yields. This information could aide in the management and understanding of the Galena River and the contributions from the intervening 58-square-mile study area watershed. Constituent concentrations were characteristic for contemporary midwestern agricultural watersheds and did not display any notable high or low values. Concentrations of nitrogen were generally higher at the upstream station, whereas concentrations of phosphorus and suspended sediment were generally higher at the downstream station. Decreases in nutrient concentrations were observed at both stations during the study period, but there was no appreciable pattern in suspended-sediment concentrations. Constituent fluxes, particularly nitrogen, were higher at the downstream station, whereas fluxes of phosphorus and suspended sediment were higher at the upstream station during several high-flow events, indicating substantial contribution of particulate material upstream from the study area and potential sequestration within the study area reach of the Galena River. For all constituents, yields were typically higher at the upstream station during periods of increased streamflow and lower at the upstream station during periods of reduced streamflow. These data indicate that the constituent contributions are greater from within the study area than from the watershed upstream from the study area during periods of normal to low streamflow.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20235044","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Galena, Illinois","usgsCitation":"Terrio, P.J., and Garcia, L.A., 2023, Nutrient and suspended-sediment concentrations, flux, and yields in the Galena River, Illinois, 2019–21: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2023–5044, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235044.","productDescription":"Report: v, 26 p.; Dataset","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-146048","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":500921,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_114778.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":418087,"rank":6,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20235044/full"},{"id":418069,"rank":5,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"USGS National Water Information System database","linkHelpText":"—USGS water data for the Nation"},{"id":418068,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5044/images/"},{"id":418067,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5044/sir20235044.XML"},{"id":418066,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5044/sir20235044.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":418065,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5044/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","otherGeospatial":"Galena River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.5,\n 42.5\n ],\n [\n -90.5,\n 42.3\n ],\n [\n -90.20,\n 42.3\n ],\n [\n -90.20,\n 42.5\n ],\n [\n -90.5,\n 42.5\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
405 North Goodwin
Urbana, IL 61801
Birds are often obligate to specific habitats which can result in study areas with complex boundaries due to sudden changes in vegetation or other features. This can result in study areas with concave arcs or that include holes of unsuitable habitat such as lakes or agricultural fields. Spatial models used to produce species’ distribution and density estimates need to respect such boundaries to make informed decisions for species conservation and management. The soap film smoother is one model for complex study regions which controls the boundary behaviour, ensuring realistic values at the edges of the region. We apply the soap film smoother to account for boundary effects and compare it with thin plate regression spline (TPRS) smooth and design-based conventional distance sampling methods to produce abundance estimates from point-transect distance sampling collected data on Hawai‘i ‘Ākepa Loxops coccineus in the Hakalau Forest Unit of the Big Island National Wildlife Refuge Complex, Hawai‘i Island, USA. The soap film smoother predicted zero or near zero densities in the northern part of the domain and two hotspots (in the southern and central parts of the domain). Along the boundary the soap film model predicted relatively high densities where ‘Ākepa occur in the adjacent forest and near zero elsewhere. The design-based and soap film abundance estimates were nearly identical. The width of the soap film confidence interval was 16.5% and 0.8% wider than the width of the TPRS smooth and design-based confidence intervals, respectively. The peaks in predicted densities along the boundary indicates leakage by the TPRS smooth. We provide a discussion of the statistical methods, biological findings and management implications of applying soap film smoothers to estimate forest bird population status.
The effects of timber harvest on amphibians can be complex and persist for years postharvest, but overall they are poorly understood. We examined how timber harvest has impacted two pool-breeding species, Spotted Salamander (Ambystoma maculatum) and Wood Frog (Lithobates sylvaticus), across the Canaan Valley National Wildlife Refuge, West Virginia, USA. We surveyed Spotted Salamanders and Wood Frogs at 49 pools from 2004 to 2016. Pools in recently harvested tracts tended to be smaller and less likely to hold water than pools in unharvested tracts for the duration of the breeding period. For both species, mean egg mass abundance was lower in harvested tracts than in the unharvested tracts, and over time declined substantially for Wood Frogs. Similarly, occupancy rates were lower in harvested sites for the duration of the study for both species. Occupancy rates declined over time for both species across all sites; this decline was steeper for Wood Frogs in harvested sites. Our results show the importance of long-term landscape-level studies when evaluating the effects of habitat disturbance. Understanding how forest loss and degradation impact pool-breeding amphibians will help to develop better management targets and mitigate compounding factors of decline to promote survival of these species.
The lingual lures of Macrochelys (alligator snapping turtles) are believed to be the only prey-capturing lures within the mouths of modern reptiles. To date, no formal assessment of lure condition in Macrochelys has been published, and few researchers record lure data. Herein, we report damaged or missing lures from 25 Macrochelys temminckii (Alligator Snapping Turtle; 7 adults, 18 juveniles) from a sample of more than 2000 lure assessments in 4 states, indicating this is a rare occurrence. We also describe lingual lure color observed in these assessments and introduce standardized terminology and color categories. We suggest researchers record data on the condition and coloration of the lingual lure to further our understanding of this ecological and evolutionary adaptation.
Biodiversity is responsible for important ecological processes like productivity and ecosystem stability, and rare species are a major component of biodiversity. Rarity increases a species' vulnerability to disturbances and also makes them difficult to study. Globally, species of freshwater systems are some of the most threatened, and evaluation of rare freshwater species and their habitats is needed to help preserve natural flexibility and ecological function. We conducted an analysis of full fish communities of the upper St. Lawrence River and its major US tributaries, with the goals of determining species locations and abundances, associated environmental conditions, the distribution of distinct fish assemblages across the landscape (with emphasis on communities supporting rare species), and potential threats. From 2009 to 2015, the US Geological Survey (USGS) and Saint Regis Mohawk Tribe (SRMT) worked together using standardized methods to collect community samples within 4 different aquatic realms (shallow and deep lentic, and small and large lotic systems) and determine species-specific fish abundances, frequencies of occurrence, and associated habitat signatures and spatial distributions. Distinct fish assemblages and associated habitat conditions were objectively identified by multivariate and hypothesis-testing methods. We used a geographic information system (GIS) to spatially associate habitat, biotic, and landscape attributes within each stream reach throughout the study area, facilitating quantification of distribution patterns. Comparisons with historical data provided estimates of loss or gain of threatened and endangered species (T&E) colonies. We developed a disturbance index to highlight potential threats to aquatic species. More than 140,000 fishes of 87 species were collected from a total of 1140 sample sites, covering 278 stream reaches, including the endangered Notropis anogenus (Pugnose Shiner), and threatened Hiodon tergisus (Mooneye), Etheostoma pellucidum (Eastern Sand Darter), and Acipenser fulvescens (Lake Sturgeon). We identified 50 distinct fish assemblages differing in species composition, abundance, and/or diversity, but only 13 of those assemblages included a T&E species. The rareness, extent, and patchiness of fish assemblages created a mosaic of fish communities across the landscape, from headwaters to the mainstem of the St. Lawrence River. Comparisons with historic surveys (1978–2008) showed a stable number of T&E species colonies or an increase for some species. The geographic distribution of multimetric disturbance index values showed where combinations of disturbances to fish habitats might affect rare fish species and aquatic communities in the region. The species–habitat associations and fish assemblage distributions can be used for evaluation of species, communities, or habitats that may need protection or restoration.
The Grand Canyon in northern Arizona is an international tourist destination, a home or sacred place to many Native Americans, and hosts some of the highest-grade uranium deposits in the United States. Although potential contamination of water resources by uranium from mining activities is a concern, other elements commonly associated with these uranium deposits may pose a greater risk to human populations in the area. This study presents an assessment of arsenic in groundwater in the Grand Canyon area. First, sampling results for arsenic are presented and areas with elevated arsenic concentrations are discussed. Potential pathways of groundwater contamination by arsenic from uranium mines are then discussed to elucidate situations and conditions under which elevated concentrations of arsenic might be expected to become mobilized from breccia-pipe uranium mining activities. Results for arsenic in groundwater in the study area were available for 652 samples collected from 230 sites. Arsenic concentrations in groundwater ranged from less than reporting limits in 60 samples to a maximum concentration of 875 μg/L at Pumpkin Spring. About 88% (202) of the sites sampled had a maximum arsenic concentration below the drinking water standard of 10 μg/L. Available data from near former or current breccia-pipe uranium mines in the area indicate limited evidence to-date of mining effects on elevated arsenic in groundwater, although slow groundwater flow paths in the region may result in extended times of decades or more for groundwater to reach discharge locations. Post-mining entry of groundwater into the shaft and underground mine workings, with subsequent transport of metal-enriched groundwater offsite, may be a potential pathway of groundwater arsenic contamination from mining, although concentrations would likely be attenuated by contact with sedimentary rock units and dilution with native groundwater along flow paths. Monitoring of perched groundwater at reclaimed mine sites post-reclamation could provide data on the effectiveness of clean-closure practices on protecting groundwater quality in the area.
Macrochelys suwanniensis (Suwannee Alligator Snapping Turtle) coexists with 2 other native large omnivorous turtle species (Chelydra serpentina [Snapping Turtle] and Trachemys scripta scripta [Yellow-bellied Slider]) in a 9-km section of the Santa Fe River in northern Florida. A major shift in dominant submersed aquatic vegetation prompted us to quantify trophic position and niche overlap among these 3 species. Here, we examine carbon and nitrogen isotopic values of these turtles and their potential food resources within the changing riverine system. We provide evidence of low isotopic niche overlap between M. suwanniensis and C. serpentina, whereas T. s. scripta occupied a discrete niche having lower carbon and nitrogen values.
Offutt Air Force Base, south of Omaha, Nebraska, experienced major flooding during the March 2019 flood event because of the proximity of the base to the confluence of the Missouri River and nearby tributaries, which exceeded flood stages. Postflood, standing water remained through much of the year, attracting waterfowl and other birds and posing a major safety risk to aircraft. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Air Force, began a study in 2020 to describe the hydrologic processes that affect the persistence of standing water on Offutt Air Force Base.
Existing site data, reviewed in concert with groundwater and surface-water elevation data collected for the study, indicate varying hydrologic responses between two areas of concern (AOCs), which can be linked to differences in subsurface geology and changes in flows of the Missouri River. An inundation map indicated that standing water would be present throughout Papillion Creek Ditch in AOC 1 and would extend upstream to AOC 2 during flow events greater than 771 cubic feet per second. A U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System model and a flow-duration analysis were used to infer that many of the surface-water drainage problems experienced in 2019 were the result of backwater conditions caused by higher streamflows in the Missouri River.
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In recent years, Arkansas has coordinated with Federal and local partners to improve the quality and availability of high-resolution elevation data for the State. With high-quality elevation data, Arkansas can improve services offered to the public and within government, resulting in better quality of life, improved public safety, and higher return on investments. Elevation data are beneficial in numerous business activities, including agriculture and precision farming, flood risk management, geologic resource assessment and hazard mitigation, infrastructure and construction management, urban and regional planning, and natural resources conservation. Critical applications that meet the State’s management needs depend on light detection and ranging (lidar) data that provide a highly detailed three-dimensional (3D) model of the Earth’s surface and aboveground features. The 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) is managed by the U.S. Geological Survey in partnership with Federal, State, Tribal, U.S. territorial, and local agencies to acquire consistent lidar coverage at quality level 2 or better to meet the many needs of the Nation and Arkansas. This fact sheet shows the status of available and in-progress 3DEP baseline lidar data in Arkansas.
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\"}}]}","contact":"Director, National Geospatial Program
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, Mail Stop 511
Reston, VA 20192
Email: 3DEP@usgs.gov
","tableOfContents":"Ol Doinyo Lengai, located in the southern Eastern Branch of the East African Rift had several eruptive episodes with ash falls and lava flows (VEI 3) that caused damage to the nearby communities between 2007 and 2010. The volcano is remote and access is difficult. Although this volcano has been studied for decades, its plumbing system is still poorly understood, in part, because of the lack of precise observations of surface deformation during periods of quiet and unrest. This study investigates the volcanic plumbing system of Ol Doinyo Lengai and its surroundings using data from the network of permanent Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) sites monitoring the volcano (the TZVOLCANO network) around the flanks of the volcano and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) observations. We constrain surface motions using 6 GNSS sites distributed around Ol Doinyo Lengai, operating between 2016 and 2021, and InSAR data covering nearly the same time period. Because of the complex local tectonics, the interpretation of the deformation pattern is not straightforward. We first invert the GNSS deformation and InSAR observations independently to infer potential deformation sources. Then we perform a joint inversion of both GNSS and InSAR datasets to verify our findings. We compare the results from the joint inversion with the results from inverting each dataset independently. The GNSS, InSAR, and joint inversion results point to a deflating source, located east of Ol Doinyo Lengai and southwest of the dormant volcano Gelai at a depth of 3.49 ± 0.03 km (GNSS inversion), 5.2 ± 1.2 km (InSAR inversion) and 3.49 ± 0.06 km (joint inversion) relative to the summit (vent) and with a volume change ∆V of −0.04 ± 0.05 × 106 m3 (GNSS inversion), −0.39 ± 0.29 × 106 m3 (InSAR inversion), and − 0.04 ± 0.01 × 106 m3 (joint inversion). Although this is non-unique modeling of geodetic datasets with small signals, the inversion results suggest that Ol Doinyo Lengai could be fed by an offset multi-reservoir system that includes a shallow magma reservoir (<5 km) east of Ol Doinyo Lengai, possibly connected to a deeper magma reservoir.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2023.107821","usgsCitation":"Daud, N., Stamps, S., Battaglia, M., Huang, M., Saria, E., and Ji, K., 2023, Elucidating the magma plumbing system of Ol Doinyo Lengai (Natron Rift, Tanzania) Using satellite geodesy and numerical modeling: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Resources, v. 438, 107821, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2023.107821.","productDescription":"107821, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-145102","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":443108,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2023.107821","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":418585,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Tanzania","otherGeospatial":"Natron Rift, Ol Doinyo Lengai","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 35.69259436508915,\n -2.339521063494246\n ],\n [\n 35.69259436508915,\n -3.369145554578978\n ],\n [\n 36.21613235881256,\n -3.369145554578978\n ],\n [\n 36.21613235881256,\n -2.339521063494246\n ],\n [\n 35.69259436508915,\n -2.339521063494246\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"438","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Daud, Ntambila","contributorId":224260,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Daud","given":"Ntambila","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":876465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stamps, Sarah 0000-0002-3531-1752","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3531-1752","contributorId":299923,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stamps","given":"Sarah","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Battaglia, Maurizio 0000-0003-4726-5287 mbattaglia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4726-5287","contributorId":204742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battaglia","given":"Maurizio","email":"mbattaglia@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":876467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Huang, Mong-Han","contributorId":192699,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huang","given":"Mong-Han","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":876468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Saria, Elifuraha","contributorId":315415,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saria","given":"Elifuraha","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":68311,"text":"Ardhi University, Tanzania","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ji, Kang-Hyeun","contributorId":315416,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ji","given":"Kang-Hyeun","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":68313,"text":"Korea Institute for Geoscience","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70244300,"text":"70244300 - 2023 - A decade-long study of repeated prescription burning in California native grassland restoration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-06T16:10:29.34138","indexId":"70244300","displayToPublicDate":"2023-06-13T07:49:04","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3271,"text":"Restoration Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A decade-long study of repeated prescription burning in California native grassland restoration","docAbstract":"Native bunchgrass communities dominated by Stipa pulchra are widely distributed in California but share dominance with non-native annual grasses. Restoration of these grasslands focuses on altering the balance of native to non-native grasses to favor the former. This study investigated the impact of burning on vegetation recovery. In the first postfire year burning showed a 70% reduction in cover of non-native annual grasses (Bromus diandrus exhibited the greatest reduction) and minimal impact on S. pulchra recovery. In the following 3 years, S. pulchra recovered to levels comparable to controls, whereas the annual grasses remained below control levels until the fifth year. Also, in response to reduced annual grass cover on burned sites several species of non-native Erodium increased from 10 to 30% relative cover, however, the low growth form of these forbs presented a less competitive threat to bunchgrasses than the non-native annual grasses, and by the third postfire year returned to near control levels. The rare native geophyte Brodiaea kinkiensis was present throughout these grasslands and was not inhibited by burning treatments. To document the reliability of these patterns a second prescription burn was conducted on these sites 5 years after the first burn and vegetation recovery followed for the subsequent 4 years. Patterns observed after the first burn were duplicated following the second burn. The cover of S. pulchra varied in response to precipitation, with the 95% credible intervals of precipitation parameters overlapping zero, however, the cover of non-native grasses varied greatly with precipitation and had similar trajectories in unburned and burned plots.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/rec.13939","usgsCitation":"Keeley, J., Klinger, R.C., Brennan, T.J., Lawson, D.M., La Grange, J., and Berg, K.N., 2023, A decade-long study of repeated prescription burning in California native grassland restoration: Restoration Ecology, v. 31, no. 7, e13939, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.13939.","productDescription":"e13939, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-138791","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":418050,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Channel Islands, Pacific Ocean, San Clemente Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.51728432986859,\n 32.90540555225188\n ],\n [\n 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-118.51728432986859,\n 32.90540555225188\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keeley, Jon 0000-0002-4564-6521","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":216485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":875255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klinger, Robert C. 0000-0003-3193-3199 rcklinger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3193-3199","contributorId":5395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klinger","given":"Robert","email":"rcklinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":875256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brennan, Teresa J. 0000-0002-0646-3298 tjbrennan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0646-3298","contributorId":4323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brennan","given":"Teresa","email":"tjbrennan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":875257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lawson, Dawn M.","contributorId":221847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lawson","given":"Dawn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40440,"text":"U.S. Navy's NIWC, Environmental Sciences Branch, San Diego, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":875258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"La Grange, John","contributorId":306254,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"La Grange","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16175,"text":"San Diego Natural History Museum","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":875259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Berg, Kathryn N.","contributorId":306255,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berg","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":66390,"text":"Independant Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":875260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70244311,"text":"70244311 - 2023 - One Ranney well can make a difference: The impacts of a radial collector well on groundwater level and quality in the Cedar River alluvial aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-13T12:46:49.181649","indexId":"70244311","displayToPublicDate":"2023-06-13T07:33:27","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1866,"text":"Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"One Ranney well can make a difference: The impacts of a radial collector well on groundwater level and quality in the Cedar River alluvial aquifer","docAbstract":"The City of Cedar Rapids, Iowa, depends on groundwater from the Cedar River alluvial aquifer for residential and industrial use. In 2020, the city completed an additional radial collector well, or Ranney well, and was concerned that pumping from the well at high rates may lower water level elevations in the aquifer, reduce yields from nearby production wells, and change the quality of produced water. During an operational test of the well's pumps, the U.S. Geological Survey and the city collected water level and water quality data to evaluate the effects of increased pumping rates on the aquifer and nearby production wells. Results indicated that a high rate of pumping from the new well caused sustained declines in water levels near the well and other nearby production wells, and, if maintained, the aquifer water level in the vicinity would continue to decline to levels observed during the 2012 drought. Aquifer specific conductance and temperature were altered and matched trends and values of the river, and river-to-well travel time was shortened from 7-17 days to about 3 days. Results may also provide insights to other municipal water resource managers when considering wellfield design, production expectations, and long-term management strategies for radial collector well production during drought, low streamflow, and times when high concentrations of nitrate-N or organic pesticide compounds in the river may limit production options.","language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons, Inc","doi":"10.1111/gwmr.12560","usgsCitation":"Haj, A.E., Gruhn, L.R., and Kalkhoff, S.J., 2023, One Ranney well can make a difference: The impacts of a radial collector well on groundwater level and quality in the Cedar River alluvial aquifer: Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation, v. 43, no. 2, p. 51-60, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwmr.12560.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"60","ipdsId":"IP-134157","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":443114,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gwmr.12560","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":418049,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","city":"Cedar Rapids","otherGeospatial":"Cedar River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.75569134574914,\n 42.02224155975952\n ],\n [\n -91.75569134574914,\n 41.99154441740589\n ],\n [\n -91.70486017024997,\n 41.99154441740589\n ],\n [\n -91.70486017024997,\n 42.02224155975952\n ],\n [\n -91.75569134574914,\n 42.02224155975952\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haj, Adel E. 0000-0002-3377-7161 ahaj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3377-7161","contributorId":147631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haj","given":"Adel","email":"ahaj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":875328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gruhn, Lance R. 0000-0002-7120-3003 lgruhn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7120-3003","contributorId":219710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gruhn","given":"Lance","email":"lgruhn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":875330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kalkhoff, Stephen J. 0000-0003-4110-1716 sjkalkho@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4110-1716","contributorId":1731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalkhoff","given":"Stephen","email":"sjkalkho@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":35680,"text":"Illinois-Iowa-Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":875329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70243858,"text":"sir20235031 - 2023 - Hydrogeology of sand and gravel aquifers in the Owasco Inlet watershed, Cayuga and Tompkins Counties, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-06T21:03:34.167471","indexId":"sir20235031","displayToPublicDate":"2023-06-13T06:50:00","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2023-5031","displayTitle":"Hydrogeology of Sand and Gravel Aquifers in the Owasco Inlet Watershed, Cayuga and Tompkins Counties, New York","title":"Hydrogeology of sand and gravel aquifers in the Owasco Inlet watershed, Cayuga and Tompkins Counties, New York","docAbstract":"This study is a continuation of a series of hydrogeologic appraisals that have been conducted since 1980, as part of a cooperative, long-term, detailed aquifer mapping program by the U.S. Geological Survey and the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. These appraisals provide a foundation for wellhead protection programs, water-resource management and planning decisions, and groundwater remediation in upstate New York. The Owasco Inlet watershed drains north directly to Owasco Lake, one of New York’s Finger Lakes. The watershed is similar in form to other watersheds of the Finger Lakes region of New York State and is characterized by broad, smooth uplands punctuated by the 18-mile-long Owasco Inlet valley and the secondary valleys of Decker, Dresserville, and Hemlock Creeks. All these streams occupy “through valleys”—the valleys are continuous into adjacent watersheds such that watershed divides are high points within the valley bottoms, rather than in uplands.
Most glacial deposits in the watershed were deposited during the Valley Heads Readvance and subsequent retreat (with at least one minor readvance). Estimates are that the Valley Heads Readvance likely peaked in the Cayuga basin about 17,000 (calendar) years ago based on dates from western New York and the Mohawk Valley in east-central New York. It was the last major ice advance of the Pleistocene Epoch in this region. This readvance covered the entire Owasco watershed.
Valley Heads ice in the Owasco watershed was part of the Cayuga ice lobe, which flowed parallel to the Owasco Inlet valley as far south as Moravia, but which became progressively more eastward south of Locke, effectively raking across the valley from the west. The Owasco Inlet watershed drains north, like other Finger Lakes watersheds, and during deglaciation, northward meltwater drainage was largely blocked by the ice, which resulted in development of a series of regional proglacial lakes in which fine lacustrine sediments predominated. Lacustrine sediments constitute much of the Owasco Inlet valley fill, but it has been pointed out that there are no obvious outlet channels exiting the Owasco Inlet watershed, and it has been proposed that there was northward drainage of meltwater into the ice within the larger, neighboring Cayuga Trough. The lacustrine deposits in the Owasco Inlet valley are commonly underlain by thinner coarse-grained stratified deposits (subaqueous fans and eskers) of variable sorting and permeability. An exception occurs at Groton, N.Y., where retreating ice paused long enough for coarse-grained sediments to fill much of the valley. Smaller, higher elevation valleys have a wider variety of glacial valley-fill deposits, ranging from fine lacustrine sediments to sand and gravel to till.
Groundwater is the sole source of water supply in the area; glacial sand and gravel aquifers are the primary water source in the Owasco Inlet and Decker Creek valleys, and fractured bedrock aquifers typically supply domestic wells in the remaining valleys and upland areas.
Municipal supplies tap a variety of aquifer types in the Owasco Inlet valley and nearby uplands. The hamlet of Locke taps the extensive confined aquifer beneath fine-grained lacustrine deposits in the valley. The Village of Moravia taps a semiconfined aquifer that overlies proglacial lake deposits and is partly confined by overlying recent lake deposits and alluvium. Withdrawals from this aquifer may also induce water from the Owasco Inlet into the aquifer. The Village of Groton draws from two aquifers: (1) a thin upland unconfined sand and gravel aquifer tapped by an infiltration gallery and (2) the local unconfined or semiconfined aquifer in the Owasco Inlet valley. Another aquifer with potential for municipal supply is the unconfined aquifer in the Decker Creek valley near Wilson Corners. The confined aquifer in the lower Dresserville Creek valley may have some water-resource potential, but it is largely untested.
Unconfined aquifers are the most susceptible to contamination from activities at land surface directly above the aquifer because precipitation and subsequent recharge can transport contaminants directly to the water table. Adjacent upland areas can also contribute contaminants. Confined aquifers are less susceptible to contamination from overlying land surface areas because confining units largely prevent downward movement of water. Recharge occurs elsewhere at unconfined upvalley locations and along valley walls where alluvial fans, ice-contact deposits, or stream incision into the valley wall may provide pathways for downward movement of groundwater.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20235031","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","usgsCitation":"Heisig, P.M., 2023, Hydrogeology of sand and gravel aquifers in the Owasco Inlet watershed, Cayuga and Tompkins Counties, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2023–5031, 32 p., 1 pl., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235031.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 32 p.; 2 Data Releases; 1 Plate: 24.00 × 36.00 inches","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-091306","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":417343,"rank":7,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9GI61NV","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) soundings and depth-to-bedrock data for the Owasco Inlet watershed, Cayuga and Tompkins Counties, New York 2016"},{"id":500893,"rank":10,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_114774.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":417339,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20235031/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2023-5031"},{"id":417338,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5031/sir20235031.pdf","text":"Report","size":"15.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2023-5031"},{"id":417331,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5031/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":417344,"rank":8,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5031/sir20235031_fig04.pdf","text":"Figure 4","size":"1.03 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"- Longitudinal hydrogeologic sections A1–A1’ and A2–A2’, spanning the length of the Owasco Inlet valley, Tompkins and Cayuga Counties, New York"},{"id":417345,"rank":9,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5031/sir20235031_plate01.pdf","text":"Plate 1","size":"368 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"- Hydrogeology of the Owasco Inlet Watershed, Cayuga and Tompkins Counties, New York [layered pdf; 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U.S. Geological Survey
425 Jordan Road
Troy, NY 12180–8349
Gray wolves (Canis lupus) were reintroduced to Idaho, USA, in 1995–1996. The removal of Endangered Species Act protections in 2011 transferred wolf management to the state where wolves were subsequently classified as a harvested (i.e., hunted, trapped) big game species. We implemented a camera-based survey across Idaho from 2016–2021 as part of a population monitoring program. We used the resulting camera images in multi-year, dynamic and single-season occupancy models to examine potential changes in the asymptotic proportion of area occupied by wolves and assess the effect of cumulative wolf harvest from 2016–2021 on occupancy in the last year of the study, 2021. We also wanted to understand how habitat, prey, humans, harvest, livestock, and prey-related wolf removals affected wolf occupancy through their effects on colonization and extinction of occupancy cells through time. Statewide wolf occupancy did not change appreciably over the course of our study, with the proportion of survey cells occupied at an estimated high of 0.44 ± 0.03 (SE) in 2018 and a low of 0.39 ± 0.03 in 2020. Wolf colonization (i.e., probability that a cell switched from unoccupied to occupied between years) was positively associated with forest cover, images of humans, and the percent of neighboring cells that were occupied. Cell extinction (i.e., probability of switching from occupied to unoccupied between years) was negatively associated with neighboring cell occupancy. There were non-linear relationships between wolf harvest, colonization, and extinction. The single-season occupancy model demonstrated a positive relationship between harvest and occupancy at low to moderate levels of harvest (10–30%), but there was also evidence that high levels of harvest (>30%) reduce occupancy. Our results indicate that although harvest might influence wolf occupancy at local scales, wolf occupancy remained relatively constant across the state and wolves remained well distributed across Idaho during the study.
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with the Missouri Department of Natural Resources, maintains a statewide group of stations known as the Ambient Water-Quality Monitoring Network, which includes selected streams and springs in Missouri. During water year 2021 (October 1, 2020, through September 30, 2021), the U.S. Geological Survey collected water-quality data at 72 stations: 70 Ambient Water-Quality Monitoring Network stations and 2 U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Network stations. Four of the stations have data from additional sampling completed in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Water-quality data provided in this report include dissolved oxygen, specific conductance, water temperature, suspended solids, suspended sediment, Escherichia coli bacteria, fecal coliform bacteria, dissolved nitrate plus nitrite as nitrogen, total phosphorus, dissolved and total recoverable lead and zinc, and selected pesticide compounds. Monitoring stations have been classified based on the physiographic province or primary land use in the drainage basin or based on the unique hydrologic characteristics of the waterbodies (springs, large rivers) monitored. A summary of hydrologic conditions, including peak streamflows, monthly mean streamflows, and 7-day low flows, also is provided for representative streamgages in the State.
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U.S. Geological Survey
1400 Independence Road
Rolla, MO 65401