During the winter of 1993-1994, male lesser scaup (Aythya alfinis) were collected on the heavily polluted Indiana Harbor Canal, East Chicago, Indiana, and examined for several bioindicators of chemical exposure. Livers were analyzed for activities of three cytochrome P450-associated monooxygenases and four measures of oxidative stress. Blood and spleen were analyzed by flow cytometry for chromosomal damage. In a concurrent study, scaup tissues were analyzed for organic and inorganic contaminants. Ethoxyresomfm-O-dealkylase (EROD) activity in livers of scaup collected in January 1994 was significantly higher than in livers of scaup collected in March 1994 or in livers of reference birds. Three hepatic monooxygenase activities were each significantly correlated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations in scaup carcasses. Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) activity in scaup livers was positively correlated with iron, boron, and lead concentrations in livers and polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations in carcasses. TBA activity was negatively correlated with protein-bound thiol activity and mercury concentrations in livers. The coefficient of variation of DNA content in scaup blood cells was correlated with PAH concentrations in scaup carcasses. This is the first field study with birds to demonstrate a correlation between liver monooxygenase activity and carcass PAH concentrations and to show a direct correlation between PAH concentrations in tissues and somatic chromosomal damage in blood.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s002449910068","usgsCitation":"Custer, T., Custer, C.M., Hines, R.K., Sparks, D.W., Melancon, M.J., Hoffman, D.J., Bickham, J., and Wickliffe, J., 2000, Mixed-function oxygenases, oxidative stress, and chromosomal damage measured in lesser scaup wintering on the Indiana Harbor Canal: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 38, no. 4, p. 522-529, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002449910068.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"522","endPage":"529","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200302,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","city":"East Chicago","otherGeospatial":"Indiana Harbor Canal","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.47194290161133,\n 41.64726212881368\n ],\n [\n -87.47082710266113,\n 41.64617179063613\n ],\n [\n -87.46662139892578,\n 41.64886553378951\n ],\n [\n -87.46533393859863,\n 41.64796763191941\n ],\n [\n -87.46344566345215,\n 41.64886553378951\n ],\n [\n -87.46370315551758,\n 41.65091783392825\n ],\n [\n -87.44215965270996,\n 41.66547446105099\n ],\n [\n -87.43846893310547,\n 41.66278141246732\n ],\n [\n -87.43280410766602,\n 41.66752623198858\n ],\n [\n -87.43606567382812,\n 41.67265537326585\n ],\n [\n -87.43821144104004,\n 41.680348318915975\n ],\n [\n -87.42576599121094,\n 41.68945045006041\n ],\n [\n -87.44997024536133,\n 41.68451494720322\n ],\n [\n -87.44791030883789,\n 41.68291242979089\n ],\n [\n -87.44585037231445,\n 41.67816874433983\n ],\n [\n -87.4434471130371,\n 41.672398925907906\n ],\n [\n -87.44396209716797,\n 41.66791093176007\n ],\n [\n -87.47288703918457,\n 41.64803176818231\n ],\n [\n -87.47194290161133,\n 41.64726212881368\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699a7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Custer, T. 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W.","contributorId":99926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sparks","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Melancon, M. J.","contributorId":96206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melancon","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hoffman, D. J.","contributorId":12801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bickham, J. W.","contributorId":87483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bickham","given":"J. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wickliffe, J.K.","contributorId":69093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wickliffe","given":"J.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":5222380,"text":"5222380 - 2000 - Seasonal distribution of bird populations at the Patuxent Research Refuge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:42","indexId":"5222380","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:28","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3410,"text":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, annual meeting abstract book","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal distribution of bird populations at the Patuxent Research Refuge","docAbstract":"A detailed study of seasonal changes in bird populationswas made at the Patuxent Research Refuge, located between Bowie and Laurel, Maryland during the years 1936-1949. The history of the Refuge is reviewed and its physical and biological characteristlcs summarized.. The methods of study used during the investigation mcluded: periodic censuses of a representative 304-acre study area over a two-year period; a census of the breeding population of the entire. Refuge during one year; detailed population studies of representative habitats during the breeding season; censuses of the wintering population of. the entire Refuge during two years; general surveys of wintering populations for seven years; and general observations of seasonal changes in bird populatlons over a fourteen-year period, including data from an extensive banding program and from many special types of censuses. The phenology of the Refuge is described in conslderable detail throughout the year, with special attention given to major fluctuatIons in bIrd populations as correlated with climatic changes and with seasonal aspectlon. of the vegetation. The component specIes of birds m the more important migration waves are listed. Figures approximating the Refuge breeding and wmtering populations are given, while indices representing the relative abundance of bird populations, based on figures from the two-year seasonal populatlon study, were obtained for the entire year. The greatest variety of species as well as the greatest number of individuals occurred on the Refuge during the migration .periods in spring and fall, the variety of species being slightly higher in spring than in fa!l, while the population of individuals was considerably higher in fall. Wmtering and breeding populations were low and relatively stable compared to the populations at other seasons.The ecological affinities of the bird populations differed greatly from one season to another. Species characteristic of edge habitats were much more numerous in winter, while forest species were predominant in summer. Insectivorous species comprised a large proportion (40 to 60 percent) of the total population during the warmer months, but were of minor importance in winter. The greatest number of species of birds on the Refuge occurred during the population peaks of insectivorous species, while the largest number of individuals was found during the population peaks of omnivorous and herbivorous species. The population peaks of insectivorous species were found to occur much later in spring and considerably earlier in fall than the. corresponding peaks of omnivorous and herbivorous species. The Fringillidae contributed the greatest number of individuals in winter, while the Parulidae was the most important family (numerically) in summer. Water birds and marsh birds were relatively unimportant throughout the year, due to the scarcity of suitable habitats. Permanent resident species were found to vary from about one-fifth to slightly less than one-half of the total population throughout the year, although many individuals of these species were either transients or part-time residents. Summer residents and winter residents were more abundant than permanent residents during their respective periods of occurrence. During the greater part of the migration period, transient species were found to comprise only 10 to 20 percent of the total population. transient individuals of all species would account for a much larger proportion of the population at this time. After comparing the results of these investigations with similar studies in other areas, it is believed that the seasonal population changes on the Patuxent Research Refuge are fairly representative of those occurring throughout the Middle Atlantic and East-central States. Yearly variations in seasonal population changes are described and the causative factors indicated, when known. Of these, food supply and weather conditions were generally the m","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, annual meeting abstract book","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"414_Stewart.pdf","usgsCitation":"Stewart, R.E., Cope, J., Robbins, C., and Brainerd, J., 2000, Seasonal distribution of bird populations at the Patuxent Research Refuge: Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, annual meeting abstract book, v. 21, no. 2, p. 257-363.","productDescription":"229. (abstract PWA051)","startPage":"257","endPage":"363","numberOfPages":"107","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":16612,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/2422265","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":199472,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6adf80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stewart, R. E.","contributorId":93426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cope, J.B.","contributorId":77254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cope","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robbins, C.S.","contributorId":53907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brainerd, J.W.","contributorId":49883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brainerd","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5211099,"text":"5211099 - 2000 - Habitat management for wintering American Woodcock in the southeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:27","indexId":"5211099","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:19","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Habitat management for wintering American Woodcock in the southeastern United States","docAbstract":"Although much information has been gathered on American woodcock (Scolopax minor) wintering east of the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley, that information has not been compiled into a single source assembled for land managers. The objectives of this paper are to pose a few important questions that should be addressed before implementing a land management plan and to briefly review some of the management options available to managers that are interested in helping woodcock. The primary focus is on timber management because a sound timber management plan, it is believed, will be advantageous to wintering woodcock.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Ninth American Woodcock Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","collaboration":" PDF on file: see 5684_McAuley.pdf 8.8 MB","usgsCitation":"Krementz, D., 2000, Habitat management for wintering American Woodcock in the southeastern United States, chap. of Proceedings of the Ninth American Woodcock Symposium, p. 50-54.","productDescription":"viii, 117","startPage":"50","endPage":"54","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203080,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db64958e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"McAuley, Daniel G. dmcauley@usgs.gov","contributorId":5377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAuley","given":"Daniel","email":"dmcauley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":507609,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bruggink, John G.","contributorId":34990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bruggink","given":"John G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507610,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sepik, Greg F.","contributorId":100055,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sepik","given":"Greg","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507611,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Krementz, D.G.","contributorId":74332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krementz","given":"D.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":330077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5211077,"text":"5211077 - 2000 - Early avian research at the Savannah River Site, South Carolina: historical highlights and possibilities for the future","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:30","indexId":"5211077","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:19","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesNumber":"21","title":"Early avian research at the Savannah River Site, South Carolina: historical highlights and possibilities for the future","docAbstract":"Avian biology and collection of baseline population data was a major part of the first decade (1951-1961) of field research at the Savannah River Site (SRS). Baseline inventories involving organisms and land-use types were part of the mission in the early contracts between the Atomic Energy Commission (now the Department of Energy) and the University of Georgia prior to the establishment of the Savannah River Ecology Laboratory (SREL) as a National Environmental Research Park Laboratory. About 27% of the SREL publications during this first decade dealt with birds. Since that time, research on the SRS landscape has expanded and broadened with less than 10% of the publications dealing with birds. SRS changed also from an agriculturally dominated area with ca. 40% open areas (fields, crops, pastures) to a timber-managed area with ca. 80% forests, 12% open areas, and 2% open water impoundments. Baseline breeding bird populations of the SRS in the 1950s were typical for the region with avian species richness and density increasing with the age and succession of the vegetation (0-26 species and densities of 0-741 pairs/km2 for the habitats surveyed). During the first decade at the SRS, the resident game bird population of Northern Bobwhites (Colinus virginianus) increased and the Mourning Dove (Zenaida rnacroura) population, a migratory upland game bird, remained stable. Current avian research efforts, as well as new opportunities to reexamine the breeding bird populations and the landscape of SRS, will provide a better understanding of the potential causes of declines of neotropical migratory birds, declines of resident and migratory game birds, and how habitat influences invasions and extinctions of breeding birds in the region. Emphasis for future research and monitoring should be on neotropical migratory bird populations in decline (Yellow-billed Cuckoo, Coccyzus americanus; Eastern Wood-Pewee, Contopus virens; Wood Thrush, Hylocichla mustelina; Prairie Warbler, Dendroica discolor; and Painted Bunting, Passerina ciris), resident species in decline (e.g., Loggerhead Shrike, Lanius ludovicianus), certain species groups (e.g., waterfowl and wading birds), important habitat, and recent invasions and extinctions of breeding species. Old growth forested wetlands should be monitored because of the large number of neotropical migratory birds that depend on this habitat in the southeastern United States. A variety of survey techniques will be needed to determine population trends: line transects, call or song playbacks, roadside point surveys (call counts for game birds), aerial surveys, and presence or absence of species within stratified areas of SRS. The SRS provides opportunity for avian research at the landscape level with the potential to solve problems important to the survival of many bird populations as well as to increase our knowledge on how to manage and conserve our avian natural resources for the future.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Avian Research as the Savannah River Site: Model for integrating basic research and long-term management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","collaboration":"This SAB has a combined Literature Cited section. PDF on file: 5586_Meyers.pdf","usgsCitation":"Meyers, J., and Odum, E., 2000, Early avian research at the Savannah River Site, South Carolina: historical highlights and possibilities for the future, chap. of Avian Research as the Savannah River Site: Model for integrating basic research and long-term management, p. 18-31.","productDescription":"170","startPage":"18","endPage":"31","numberOfPages":"170","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201654,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62c269","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Dunning, John B.= Jr.","contributorId":111902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunning","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.=","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507587,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kilgo, John C.","contributorId":112955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kilgo","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507588,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Meyers, J.M.","contributorId":54307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyers","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":330009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Odum, E.P.","contributorId":43890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Odum","given":"E.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":330008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5211035,"text":"5211035 - 2000 - Temporal and geographic patterns in population trends of brown-headed cowbirds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:24","indexId":"5211035","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:18","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Temporal and geographic patterns in population trends of brown-headed cowbirds","docAbstract":"The temporal and geographic patterns in the population trends of Brown-headed Cowbirds are summarized from the North American Breeding Bird Survey. During 1966-1992, the survey-wide population declined significantly, a result of declining populations in the Eastern BBS Region, southern Great Plains, and the Pacific coast states. Increasing populations were most evident in the northern Great Plains. Cowbird populations were generally stable or increasing during 1966-1976, but their trends became more negative after 1976. The trends in cowbird populations were generally directly correlated with the trends of both host and nonhost species, suggesting that large-scale factors such as changing weather patterns, land use practices, or habitat availability were responsible for the observed temporal and geographic patterns in the trends of cowbirds and their hosts.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology and management of cowbirds and their hosts: studies in the conservation of North American passerine birds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of Texas Press","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","collaboration":"Proceeding of North American Research Workshop on the Ecology and Management of Cowbirds, Austin, Texas Nov. 4-5, 1993, the Nature Conservancy. OCLC: 41108554 PDF on file: 5463_Peterjohn.pdf","usgsCitation":"Peterjohn, B., Sauer, J., and Schwarz, S., 2000, Temporal and geographic patterns in population trends of brown-headed cowbirds, chap. of Ecology and management of cowbirds and their hosts: studies in the conservation of North American passerine birds, p. 21-34.","productDescription":"ix, 388","startPage":"21","endPage":"34","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202341,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db685608","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterjohn, B.G.","contributorId":25255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterjohn","given":"B.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sauer, J.R. 0000-0002-4557-3019","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3019","contributorId":66197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schwarz, S.","contributorId":84052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwarz","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5211048,"text":"5211048 - 2000 - Landscape associations of frog and toad species in Iowa and Wisconsin, U.S.A","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:24","indexId":"5211048","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:18","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Landscape associations of frog and toad species in Iowa and Wisconsin, U.S.A","docAbstract":"Landscape habitat associations of frogs and toads in Iowa and Wisconsin were tested to determine whether they support or refute previous general habitat classifications. We examined which Midwestern species shared similar habitats to see if these associations were consistent across large geographic areas (states). Rana sylvatica (wood frog), Hyla versicolor (eastern gray treefrog), Pseudacris crucifer (spring peeper), and Acris crepitans (cricket frog) were identified as forest species, P. triseriata (chorus frog), H. chrysoscelis (Cope's gray treefrog), R. pipiens (leopard frog), and Bufo americanus (American toad) as grassland species, and R. catesbeiana (bullfrog), R. clamitans (green frog), R. palustris (pickerel frog), and R. septentrionalis (mink frog) as lake or stream species. The best candidates to serve as bioindicators of habitat quality were the forest species R. sylvatica, H. versicolor, and P. crucifer, the grassland species R. pipiens and P. triseriata, and a cold water wetland species, R. palustris. Declines of P. crucifer, R. pipiens, and R. palustris populations in one or both states may reflect changes in habitat quality. Habitat and community associations of some species differed between states, indicating that these relationships may change across the range of a species. Acris crepitans may have shifted its habitat affinities from open habitats, recorded historically, to the more forested habitat associations we recorded. We suggest contaminants deserve more investigation regarding the abrupt and widespread declines of this species. Interspersion of different habitat types was positively associated with several species. A larger number of wetland patches may increase breeding opportunities and increase the probability of at least one site being suitable. We noted consistently negative associations between anuran species and urban development. Given the current trend of urban growth and increasing density of the human population, declines of amphibian populations are likely to continue.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Investigating amphibian declines: Proceedings of the 1998 declining amphibians conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","collaboration":"OCLC: 45165303","usgsCitation":"Knutson, M.G., Sauer, J., Olsen, D., Mossman, M., Hemesath, L., and Lannoo, M., 2000, Landscape associations of frog and toad species in Iowa and Wisconsin, U.S.A, chap. of Investigating amphibian declines: Proceedings of the 1998 declining amphibians conference, p. 134-145.","startPage":"134","endPage":"145","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202401,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6abbad","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Kaiser, Hinrich","contributorId":113107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaiser","given":"Hinrich","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507522,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Casper, Gary S.","contributorId":58186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casper","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507521,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bernstein, Neil P.","contributorId":113155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernstein","given":"Neil","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507523,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Knutson, M. G.","contributorId":55375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knutson","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sauer, J.R. 0000-0002-4557-3019","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3019","contributorId":66197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Olsen, D.A.","contributorId":10377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mossman, M.J.","contributorId":54946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mossman","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hemesath, L.M.","contributorId":44502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hemesath","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lannoo, M.J.","contributorId":17937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lannoo","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":5200324,"text":"5200324 - 2000 - A comprehensive monitoring program for North American shorebirds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-15T14:44:24.497614","indexId":"5200324","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-08T16:49:39","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"A comprehensive monitoring program for North American shorebirds","docAbstract":"Anthropogenic changes to the biosphere, including widespread degradation and losses of habitats and ecosystems, are causing rapid and profound changes to bird and other wildlife populations throughout the world. Such changes have led to increasing risks and rates of extinction. As a consequence, information on how bird populations are changing is becoming increasingly important to wildlife conservationists and managers. Early detection of population change is crucial for setting wildlife planning and management priorities. For example, information on population size, population vulnerability, and population change has been central to international conservation strategies such as the Ramsar Convention, the Western Hemisphere (Bonn) Convention, and the Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserve Network. Measuring population size or change is also crucial for evaluating the effectiveness of population management programs implemented by wildlife agencies both locally and regionally.
Although the concept of determining population size is simple, practical difficulties can be enormous and costly to overcome. In the United States, 4 billion dollars will be spent in year 2000 to census the human population, possibly one of the most easily counted of all vertebrates. By contrast, the portion of the FY 2000 budget of the U.S. Department of the Interior allotted for tracking populations of all migratory birds (> 600 species) is less than 5 million dollars (.0125% of the human census figure). This falls far short of the amount required to provide adequate, science-based information about bird populations and population change to wildlife managers.
The gap between current ability and need is especially noteworthy for shorebirds. There are 72 species, subspecies, or distinct populations of shorebirds in North America. Even though most of these have received less conservation attention than such groups as waterfowl, colonial waterbirds, or songbirds, recent independent evaluation of data collected for other purposes in the eastern United States and Canada during the 1970s and early 1980s showed that 16 of 26 species surveyed are apparently declining, some at rates exceeding 5% per year (Howe et al., 1989). Except for one increasing species, populations of the other 9 species were statistically unchanged over the time period analyzed. In most cases causes of shorebird population declines are poorly known. For some species, the declines may be part of natural population cycles. For others the changes may reflect deterioration of conditions on the nesting grounds, at migration stopover locations, in wintering zones, or combinations of these. Determining which of these scenarios is correct and what management actions, if any, are warranted will be possible only after implementing a comprehensive monitoring plan such as that described here
","language":"English","publisher":"Manomet Center For Conservation Sciences","publisherLocation":"Manomet, MA","usgsCitation":"2000, A comprehensive monitoring program for North American shorebirds, v, 116.","productDescription":"v, 116","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201379,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":354351,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.shorebirdplan.org/science/program-for-regional-and-international-shorebird-monitoring/"}],"publicComments":"Technical Report of the Research and Monitoring Working Group of the U.S. Shorebird Conservation Plan","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b27e4b07f02db6b0a6d","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Howe, Marshall","contributorId":146168,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Howe","given":"Marshall","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505876,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bart, Jon jon_bart@usgs.gov","contributorId":4156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bart","given":"Jon","email":"jon_bart@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":505878,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, Stephen","contributorId":40096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505880,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Elphick, Chris","contributorId":24373,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elphick","given":"Chris","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505883,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gill, Robert E. Jr. 0000-0002-6385-4500 rgill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6385-4500","contributorId":171747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gill","given":"Robert E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"rgill@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":505884,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Harrington, Brian A.","contributorId":58989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrington","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505875,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hickey, Catherine","contributorId":1780,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hickey","given":"Catherine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505882,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Morrison, Guy","contributorId":126843,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morrison","given":"Guy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505881,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Skagen, Susan K. 0000-0002-6744-1244 skagens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6744-1244","contributorId":167829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skagen","given":"Susan K.","email":"skagens@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":505877,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Warnock, Nils","contributorId":64534,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Warnock","given":"Nils","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505879,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":50354,"text":"ofr00263 - 2000 - A hiker's guide to the geology of Old Rag Mountain, Shenandoah National Park, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-01T21:19:25.651839","indexId":"ofr00263","displayToPublicDate":"2003-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-263","title":"A hiker's guide to the geology of Old Rag Mountain, Shenandoah National Park, Virginia","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr00263","usgsCitation":"Hackley, P.C., 2000, A hiker's guide to the geology of Old Rag Mountain, Shenandoah National Park, Virginia (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-263, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00263.","productDescription":"13 p.","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":420427,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_59413.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":4159,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/of00-263/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":169731,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Old Rag Mountain, Shenandoah National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.3401439134257,\n 38.5700261849054\n ],\n [\n -78.3401439134257,\n 38.5269221646619\n ],\n [\n -78.28502940345844,\n 38.5269221646619\n ],\n [\n -78.28502940345844,\n 38.5700261849054\n ],\n [\n -78.3401439134257,\n 38.5700261849054\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae483","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hackley, Paul C. 0000-0002-5957-2551 phackley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-2551","contributorId":592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"Paul","email":"phackley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":241259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28374,"text":"wri994157 - 2000 - Effects of ground-water withdrawals on the Rock River and associated valley aquifer, eastern Rock County, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-12T13:13:41","indexId":"wri994157","displayToPublicDate":"2003-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4157","title":"Effects of ground-water withdrawals on the Rock River and associated valley aquifer, eastern Rock County, Minnesota","docAbstract":"A better understanding of the ground-water and surface-water resources of the Rock River Valley in southwestern Minnesota was needed due to concerns surrounding future reliable sources of water for public supply. The Rock River Valley aquifer consists of a surficial sand and gravel unit that underlies the entire Rock River Valley and a buried sand and gravel unit that is present only in the vicinity of the Luverne Municipal and Airport well fields. The surficial and buried units of the aquifer are separated by a clay and till layer ranging in thickness from 1 to 38 feet. The combined maximum saturated thickness of the aquifer is 52 feet, with a median of 22 feet. The thickness of the buried unit ranges from 3 to 17 feet. Recharge to the Rock River Valley aquifer occurs primarily by infiltration of precipitation to the saturated zone (areal recharge) and by induced infiltration from the Rock River due to withdrawals from supply wells near the river. Discharge from the aquifer occurs primarily as leakage to streams and ground-water evapotranspiration.
\nThe water budget for the calibrated steady-state simulation indicated that areal recharge accounts for 38 percent of the sources of water to the Rock River Valley aquifer and leakage from streams contributes 58.7 percent. The largest discharge from the aquifer is leakage to streams, (71.1 percent). The net stream-aquifer leakage is approximately 5 cubic feet per second from the aquifer to the streams. The simulated contributing areas for the wells in the three well fields generally extend to the aquifer boundaries on the west and are generally truncated at the Rock River. The simulated transient water budget for 1996 indicated that the principal sources of water to the aquifer were as follows: (1) winter, spring, and late summer stress periods— leakage from streams and water released from storage and (2) early summer and fall stress periods—areal recharge and leakage from streams. The principal discharges from the aquifer were leakage to streams for all stress periods, ground-water evapotranspiration for the early and late summer stress periods, and addition to storage for the early summer and fall stress periods.
\nThe herbicides atrazine, alachlor, metolachlor, acetachlor, and cyanazine, and metabolites of these herbicides, occurred in concentrations of 0.05 to 11.5 micrograms per liter in the Rock River at Luverne during major runoff events following application of herbicides in the spring. Atrazine and metabolites, alachlor ESA (a metabolite of alachlor), metolachlor and metabolites, metolachlor ESA and metolachlor OA, and acetochlor metabolites acetochlor ESA and acetochlor OA, were detected at concentrations of 0.05 to 2.8 micrograms per liter in municipal supply wells less than 500 feet from the river during November 1995 through August 1997. The Rock River is the major source of the herbicides and metabolites. However, concentrations of atrazine and metabolites, alachlor ESA, metolachlor ESA, and metolachlor OA in supply wells may also reflect sources of these herbicides and metabolites in the ground-water contributing areas to the supply wells. Nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen concentrations in supply wells and in the ground-water contributing area to the Luverne Municipal well field were generally less than 1.5 milligrams per liter. Nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen concentrations of 2.4 to 8.5 milligrams per liter in the Rock River in the Rock County Rural Water well field and 14 to 18 milligrams per liter in the ground-water contributing area to the Rock County Rural Water supply wells are not having a substantial affect on nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen concentrations in most supply wells. Isotopic mixing calculations indicate that proportions of river water withdrawn from supply wells less than 500 feet from the river range from 5 to 60 percent of total withdrawals.
\nThe Rock River is a gaining stream in most reaches, but is losing water to the aquifer in the vicinity of the Luverne Municipal and Rock County Rural Water well fields, located 150 to 1,500 feet from the river. Simulated streamflow losses due to ground-water withdrawals in the well fields were approximately 2.1 cubic feet per second. Because an average of about 1.5 cubic feet per second of the water pumped by Luverne is returned to the Rock River as wastewater discharge, the net steady-state simulated streamflow loss for the study area is 0.6 cubic feet per second. The streamflow losses as a result of ground-water withdrawals are insignificant in comparison to typical streamflow, and are likely to have a measurable effect on streamflow only during low-flow conditions of less than approximately 10 cubic feet per second.
\nModel results indicate that the additional water withdrawn by wells due to anticipated increased ground-water withdrawals was derived from a decrease in net leakage of ground water from the aquifer to the streams. The simulations indicated that the increased ground-water withdrawals and normal precipitation resulted in an increase in induced infiltration from the Rock River of 0.1 cubic feet per second for the Luverne Municipal well field and 0.3 cubic feet per second for the Rock County Rural Water well field. Maximum drawdowns ranged from 0.5 to 1.4 feet near the three well fields. For drought conditions, the simulated streamflow losses constituted approximately 30 percent and nearly 65 percent of the flows in the Rock River for the Luverne Municipal and Rock County Rural Water well fields, respectively. Maximum drawdowns ranged from 3.8 to 7.0 feet near the three well fields. Transient simulations with anticipated increased ground-water withdrawals and drought conditions indicated declines in hydraulic heads ranging from 0.2 to 0.4 feet per year in the vicinity of the three well fields, except for near the Rock River.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Mounds View, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri994157","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources; the city of Luverne, Minnesota; and the Rock County Rural Water District","usgsCitation":"Lindgren, R.J., and Landon, M., 2000, Effects of ground-water withdrawals on the Rock River and associated valley aquifer, eastern Rock County, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4157, x, 103 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994157.","productDescription":"x, 103 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321221,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri994157.JPG"},{"id":12251,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://mn.water.usgs.gov/publications/pubs/99-4157.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Rock River Valley aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.275,\n 43.733333\n ],\n [\n -96.275,\n 43.5\n ],\n [\n -96.133333,\n 43.5\n ],\n [\n -96.133333,\n 43.733333\n ],\n [\n -96.275,\n 43.733333\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2be4b07f02db61336b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lindgren, Richard J. lindgren@usgs.gov","contributorId":1667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindgren","given":"Richard","email":"lindgren@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":199691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Landon, M.K. 0000-0002-5766-0494","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5766-0494","contributorId":69572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landon","given":"M.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":44843,"text":"wri974054C - 2000 - Altitude, depth, and thickness of the Galena-Platteville Bedrock Unit in the subcrop area of Illinois and Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-01T21:35:12.887933","indexId":"wri974054C","displayToPublicDate":"2003-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4054","chapter":"C","title":"Altitude, depth, and thickness of the Galena-Platteville Bedrock Unit in the subcrop area of Illinois and Wisconsin","docAbstract":"The Galena-Platteville bedrock unit is a carbonate deposit of Ordovician age, composed of the Galena and Platteville Groups in Illinois and the Sinnippee Group in Wisconsin. It is the uppermost bedrock unit (subcrop) in most of northern Illinois and southern and eastern Wisconsin. The subcrop area is shaded in figure 1 of sheet 1 (Batten and others, 1997). The unit is predominately dolomite, with limestone in some areas, and has a weathered surface. Across the subcrop area, the hydrologic characteristics of the bedrock unit vary substantially. The bedrock unit may be either a confining unit or an aquifer. In areas where the Galena-Platteville bedrock unit is an aquifer, the unit is a dependable source of water for many private wells and some municipal-water-supply systems. Ground water in the Galena-Platteville bedrock aquifer is susceptible to contamination because the bedrock unit is near land surface in much of the study area, and the fractures in the unit allow rapid movement of water providing limited capacity to attenuate contaminants. The subcrop (study) area covers approximately 7,850 square miles in northern Illinois and Wisconsin. In the study area, volatile organic compounds and other contaminants have been detected in the aquifer at various sites (Mills, 1993; Kay and others, 1994). Many sources of contaminants, including landfills and industrial facilities, are known or suspected. In order to determine the possible effects of contamination on the ground-water supply, an understanding of the regional hydrogeologic framework of the Galena-Platteville bedrock unit is needed.
\nPublished and unpublished map and point data describing the geologic properties of the Galena-Platteville bedrock unit are available from many sources. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), has selected and compiled a large portion of the available data to create computer data bases and maps. The objective of this effort is to compile and publish these data in a series of reports (U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Reports (WRIR) 974054-A, WRIR 97-4054-B, WRIR 97-4054-C). This is the third in that series of reports. The report describes the altitude, thickness, and depth from land surface of the subcrop area of the Galena-Platteville bedrock unit.
\nThe report series will enable investigators involved in site-specific studies within the subcrop area to understand the regional geologic framework of the unit and to find additional reference sources. This report consists of four sheets that show the altitude (sheet 1), depth from land surface (sheet 2), total thickness (sheet 3), and location of altitude data (sheet 4) of the lithologic units that constitute the Galena-Platteville bedrock unit within the subcrop area. The sheets also show major known geologic features within the Galena-Platteville study area in Illinois and Wisconsin. A geographic information system (GIS) was used to generate data layers (coverages) from point data and from published and unpublished contour maps at various scales and detail. Standard GIS procedures were used to change the coverages into the maps shown on the sheets presented in this report. A list of references for the data used to prepare the maps is provided.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri974054C","usgsCitation":"Brown, T.A., Dunning, C., and Sharpe, J.B., 2000, Altitude, depth, and thickness of the Galena-Platteville Bedrock Unit in the subcrop area of Illinois and Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4054, 4 Plates: 34.00 x 47.77 inches smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974054C.","productDescription":"4 Plates: 34.00 x 47.77 inches smaller","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":168871,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":413561,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25885.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":82198,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4054c/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":82199,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4054c/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":82197,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4054c/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":82196,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4054c/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.20849609375,\n 41.53325414281322\n ],\n [\n -91.20849609375,\n 45.1433047394883\n ],\n [\n -87.51708984375,\n 45.1433047394883\n ],\n [\n -87.51708984375,\n 41.53325414281322\n ],\n [\n -91.20849609375,\n 41.53325414281322\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db6869a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Timothy A.","contributorId":18016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dunning, Charles P. cdunning@usgs.gov","contributorId":892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunning","given":"Charles P.","email":"cdunning@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":230537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sharpe, Jennifer B. 0000-0002-5192-7848 jbsharpe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5192-7848","contributorId":2825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sharpe","given":"Jennifer","email":"jbsharpe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":230538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":24607,"text":"ofr00355 - 2000 - Recovery of perennial vegetation in military target sites in the eastern Mohave Desert, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-14T13:41:16.683736","indexId":"ofr00355","displayToPublicDate":"2002-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-355","title":"Recovery of perennial vegetation in military target sites in the eastern Mohave Desert, Arizona","docAbstract":"The effect of the age of geomorphic surfaces on the recovery of desert vegetation in military target sites was studied in the Mohave and Cerbat Mountains of northwestern Arizona. The target sites were cleared of all vegetation during military exercises in 1942-1943 and have not been subsequently disturbed. The degree of recovery was measured by calculating percentage-similarity (PS) and correlation-coefficient indices on the basis of differences in cover, density, and volume of species growing in and out of each target site. PS values, ranging from 22.7 to 95.1 percent (100 percent = identical composition), indicate a wide range of recovery that is partially controlled by the edaphic properties of the geomorphic surfaces. Statistical analyses show a strong pattern that indicates a greater variability in the degree of recovery for sites on older surfaces than on younger surfaces and a weak pattern that indicates an inverse relation between the degree of recovery and geomorphic age. Comparisons of the different effects of target site construction on the edaphic characteristics of each target site provides an explanation for these patterns and suggests the soil properties critical to the recovery process. Statistically significant negative or positive response to disturbance for most species are independent of the age of the geomorphic surfaces; however, there is strong evidence for a shift in response for the common perennial species Acamptopappus sphaerocephalus, and to a lesser extent, Salazaria mexicana, Encelia farinosa, and Coldenia canescens, among different geomorphic surfaces.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr00355","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Steiger, J.W., and Webb, R., 2000, Recovery of perennial vegetation in military target sites in the eastern Mohave Desert, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-355, i, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00355.","productDescription":"i, 28 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157683,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1887,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0355/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":281616,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0355/pdf/of00-355.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.9789,34.1607 ], [ -117.9789,37.5219 ], [ -114.7254,37.5219 ], [ -114.7254,34.1607 ], [ -117.9789,34.1607 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db63540c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steiger, John W.","contributorId":19196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steiger","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Webb, Robert H. rhwebb@usgs.gov","contributorId":1573,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Webb","given":"Robert H.","email":"rhwebb@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":12625,"text":"School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":192242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":29513,"text":"wri004106 - 2000 - Ground-water quality in alluvial aquifers in the eastern Iowa basins, Iowa and Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-10T14:21:07","indexId":"wri004106","displayToPublicDate":"2002-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4106","title":"Ground-water quality in alluvial aquifers in the eastern Iowa basins, Iowa and Minnesota","docAbstract":"The quality of shallow alluvial ground water that is used for domestic supplies in the Wapsipinicon, Cedar, Iowa, and Skunk River Basins (Eastern Iowa Basins) is described. Water samples from 32 domestic-supply wells were collected from June through July 1998. This study of ground-water quality in alluvial aquifers in the Eastern Iowa Basins is part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment Program.
\nCalcium and bicarbonate were the dominant ions in solution, likely derived from the dissolution of carbonate minerals in the alluvial aquifer material. Concentrations of iron exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level (300 micrograms per liter) for drinking water in 53 percent of the samples, and 50 percent of the samples exceeded the Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level for manganese (50 micrograms per liter). pH and alkalinity increased and sulfate concentrations decreased with increasing well depth.
\nNitrite plus nitrate nitrogen was detected in 53 percent of the samples and exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Maximum Contaminant Level of 10 milligrams per liter for drinking water in 13 percent of the samples. Nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen concentrations were negatively correlated with well depth and positively correlated with percentage of oxygen saturation. Ammonia plus organic nitrogen concentrations were positively correlated with well depth, and ratios of nitrite plus nitrate to ammonia were positively correlated with percentage of oxygen saturation.
\nThe majority of samples, 72 percent, contained water recharged since the early 1950's. The recharge date of water was earlier in deeper wells. Nitrite plus nitrate and total pesticide concentrations were greater in more recently recharged water.
\nEight pesticides and eight pesticide metabolites were detected in ground-water samples. Atrazine was the most commonly detected pesticide, and metolachlor ethanesulfonic acid was the most commonly detected metabolite. No pesticide detections exceeded U.S. Environmental Protection Agency drinking-water Maximum Contaminant Levels.
\nThe effects of land use on ground-water quality also were examined. There was a positive correlation between percentage of land used for soybean production and concentrations of metolachlor, metolachlor ethanesulfonic acid, and metolachlor oxanilic acid in ground-water samples.
Data from this study and from previous studies in the Eastern Iowa Basins were compared statistically by well type (domestic, municipal, and monitoring wells). Well depths were significantly greater in domestic and municipal wells than in monitoring wells. pH, calcium, sulfate, chloride, and atrazine concentrations were significantly higher in municipal-well samples than in domestic-well samples. pH and sulfate concentrations were significantly higher in municipal-well samples than in monitoring-well samples. Ammonia was significantly higher in domestic-well samples than in monitoring-well samples, chloride was significantly higher in monitoring-well samples than in domestic-well samples, and fluoride was significantly higher in domestic-well samples than in municipal-well samples.
Abstract
Introduction
Purpose and Scope
Previous Studies
Description of Study Unit
Acknowledgments
Study Design and Methods
Well Selection
Sample Collection
Water-Quality Analysis
Quality Assurance
Statistical Analysis
Land-Use Classification
Ground-Water Quality
Physical Properties
Major Ions and Trace Metals
Nutrients and Dissolved Organic Carbon
Tritium
Radon
Pesticides and Pesticide Metabolites
Volatile Organic Compounds
Relations Between Ground-Water Quality and Land Use
Relations Between Ground-Water Quality and Type of Well Sampled
Summary
References
Supplemental Information
The world’s largest volcanic eruption of the 20th century broke out at Novarupta (fig. 1) in June 1912, filling with hot ash what came to be called the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes and spreading downwind more fallout than all other historical Alaskan eruptions combined. Although almost all the magma vented at Novarupta, most of it had been stored beneath Mount Katmai 10 km away, which collapsed during the eruption. Airborne ash from the 3-day event blanketed all of southern Alaska, and its gritty fallout was reported as far away as Dawson, Ketchikan, and Puget Sound (fig. 21). Volcanic dust and sulfurous aerosol were detected within days over Wisconsin and Virginia; within 2 weeks over California, Europe, and North Africa; and in latter-day ice cores recently drilled on the Greenland ice cap.
\nThere were no aircraft in Alaska in 1912—fortunately! Corrosive acid aerosols damage aircraft, and ingestion of volcanic ash can cause abrupt jet-engine failure. Today, more than 200 flights a day transport 20,000 people and a fortune in cargo within range of dozens of restless volcanoes in the North Pacific. Air routes from the Far East to Europe and North America pass over and near Alaska, many flights refueling in Anchorage. Had this been so in 1912, every airport from Dillingham to Dawson and from Fairbanks to Seattle would have been enveloped in ash, leaving pilots no safe option but to turn back or find refuge at an Aleutian airstrip west of the ash cloud. Downwind dust and aerosol could have disrupted air traffic anywhere within a broad swath across Canada and the Midwest, perhaps even to the Atlantic coast.
\nThe great eruption of 1912 focused scientific attention on Novarupta, and subsequent research there has taught us much about the processes and hazards associated with such large explosive events (Fierstein and Hildreth, 1992). Moreover, work in the last decade has identified no fewer than 20 discrete volcanic vents within 15 km of Novarupta (Hildreth and others, 1999, 2000, 2001; Hildreth and Fierstein, 2000), only half of which had been named previously—the four stratovolcanoes Mounts Katmai, Mageik, Martin, and Griggs; the cone cluster called Trident Volcano; Snowy Mountain; and the three lava domes Novarupta, Mount Cerberus, and Falling Mountain. The most recent eruptions were from Trident Volcano (1953–74), but there have been at least eight other, probably larger, explosive events from the volcanoes of this area in the past 10,000 years. This report summarizes what has been learned about the volcanic histories and styles of eruption of all these volcanoes.
\nMany large earthquakes occurred before and during the 1912 eruption, and the cluster of Katmai volcanoes remains seismically active. Because we expect an increase in seismicity before eruptions, seismic monitoring efforts to detect volcanic unrest and procedures for eruption notification and dissemination of information are included in this report. Most at risk from future eruptions of the Katmai volcanic cluster are (1) air-traffic corridors of the North Pacific, including those approaching Anchorage, one of the Pacific’s busiest international airports, (2) several regional airports and military air bases, (3) fisheries and navigation on the Naknek Lake system and Shelikof Strait, (4) pristine wildlife habitat, particularly that of the Alaskan brown bear, and (5) tourist facilities in and near Katmai National Park.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr00489","usgsCitation":"Fierstein, J., and Hildreth, W., 2000, Preliminary volcano-hazard assessment for the Katmai volcanic cluster, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-489, 50 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00489.","productDescription":"50 p.","numberOfPages":"59","costCenters":[{"id":121,"text":"Alaska Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160030,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr00489.jpg"},{"id":2598,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0489/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":281971,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0489/pdf/of00-489.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Alagogshak;Alaska Peninsula;Falling Mountain;Mount Cerberus;Mount Griggs;Mount Katmai;Mount Mageik;Mount Martin;Naknek Lake;Novarupta;Shelikof Strait;Snowy Mountain;Trident Volcano","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -169.98,53.98 ], [ -169.98,62.02 ], [ -148.93,62.02 ], [ -148.93,53.98 ], [ -169.98,53.98 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db669212","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fierstein, Judy","contributorId":88337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fierstein","given":"Judy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hildreth, Wes","contributorId":15996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildreth","given":"Wes","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":58352,"text":"mf2333 - 2000 - Distribution of a suite of elements including arsenic and mercury in Alabama coal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-28T15:59:14","indexId":"mf2333","displayToPublicDate":"2002-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2333","title":"Distribution of a suite of elements including arsenic and mercury in Alabama coal","docAbstract":"Arsenic and other elements are unusually abundant in Alabama coal. This conclusion is based on chemical analyses of coal in the U.S. Geological Survey's National Coal Resources Data System (NCRDS; Bragg and others, 1994). According to NCRDS data, the average concentration of arsenic in Alabama coal (72 ppm) is three times higher than is the average for all U.S. coal (24 ppm). Of the U.S. coal analyses for arsenic that are at least 3 standard deviations above the mean, approximately 90% are from the coal fields of Alabama. Figure 1 contrasts the abundance of arsenic in coal of the Warrior field of Alabama (histogram C) with that of coal of the Powder River Basin, Wyoming (histogram A), and the Eastern Interior Province including the Illinois Basin and nearby areas (histogram B). The Warrior field is by far the largest in Alabama. On the histogram, the large 'tail' of very high values (> 200 ppm) in the Warrior coal contrasts with the other two regions that have very few analyses greater than 200 ppm.
","language":"English","doi":"10.3133/mf2333","usgsCitation":"Goldhaber, M.B., Bigelow, R.C., Hatch, J.R., and Pashin, J., 2000, Distribution of a suite of elements including arsenic and mercury in Alabama coal: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2333, 22 maps, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2333.","productDescription":"22 maps","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":183976,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5941,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2000/mf-2333/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":109894,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_23039.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"23039"}],"scale":"0","country":"United States","state":"Alabama","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.8,33.166666666666664 ], [ -87.8,34.2 ], [ -86.7,34.2 ], [ -86.7,33.166666666666664 ], [ -87.8,33.166666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db64874e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goldhaber, Martin B. 0000-0002-1785-4243 mgold@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1785-4243","contributorId":1339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldhaber","given":"Martin","email":"mgold@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bigelow, R. C.","contributorId":90718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bigelow","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hatch, J. R.","contributorId":14775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pashin, J.C.","contributorId":41897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pashin","given":"J.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":6745,"text":"fs15900 - 2000 - Investigation of the geology and hydrology of the Mogollon Highlands of central Arizona: a project of the Arizona Rural Watershed Initiative","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-29T06:29:05","indexId":"fs15900","displayToPublicDate":"2001-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"159-00","title":"Investigation of the geology and hydrology of the Mogollon Highlands of central Arizona: a project of the Arizona Rural Watershed Initiative","docAbstract":"The Mogollon Highlands of east central Arizona is a region of forested plateau and mountains, deep, sheerwalled canyons, and desert valleys. Known for its scenic beauty and characterized by a generally mild climate, the area, though still sparsely populated, attracts an increasing number of tourists and summer residents. Furthermore, the permanent population is expected to nearly double over the next 50 years. Consequently, there is increased pressure on the water resources of this area for several sometimes conflicting uses. Rational management of water resources is necessary to meet increased domestic requirements while ensuring an adequate supply of water for commercial and agricultural use, for Indian lands, and for preservation of valued environmental elements, including surface waters, riparian woodlands, forest and grassland areas, and wildlife and aquatic habitat. Such management requires an understanding of the relations among different components of the hydrologic system—recharge areas, surface flows, shallow aquifers, deep aquifers, discharge areas, and the regional ground-water flow system—and how each is affected by geology, climate, topography, and human use.
\nThe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is conducting an assessment of the hydrogeology of the Mogollon Highlands in cooperation with the Arizona Department of Water Resources. The study, funded through the State’s Rural Watershed Initiative program, is one of three assessments being conducted by the USGS. Assessments also are underway in the Upper-Middle Verde River watershed and on the Coconino Plateau. Each study has as its objectives: (1) the collection, compilation, and evaluation of all existing geologic, hydrologic, and related data pertaining to the study area and the creation of a data base that is readily accessible to the public and (2) developing an understanding of the hydrogeologic framework, which is the relation between geologic and hydrologic properties, that can be used for water-- resources management purposes and that will support the development of an interpretive and predictive model to estimate the effects of climate and water use on the sustainability of regional water resources.
\nAlthough the three contiguous areas in north-central Arizona are being studied separately, a single data base is being constructed from which data on each area can be extracted separately.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs15900","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Arizona Department of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Parker, J.T., and Flynn, M., 2000, Investigation of the geology and hydrology of the Mogollon Highlands of central Arizona: a project of the Arizona Rural Watershed Initiative: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 159-00, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs15900.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287719,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287718,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/0159-00/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Mogollon Highlands","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.0042,33.5048 ], [ -112.0042,35.0008 ], [ -110.2488,35.0008 ], [ -110.2488,33.5048 ], [ -112.0042,33.5048 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e47c8e4b07f02db4ab7e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parker, John T.C.","contributorId":18766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flynn, Marilyn E. meflynn@usgs.gov","contributorId":1039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flynn","given":"Marilyn E.","email":"meflynn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":153265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":31171,"text":"ofr00359 - 2000 - Geologic map and digital database of the Apache Canyon 7.5' quadrangle, Ventura and Kern counties, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-22T13:34:05.744952","indexId":"ofr00359","displayToPublicDate":"2001-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-359","title":"Geologic map and digital database of the Apache Canyon 7.5' quadrangle, Ventura and Kern counties, California","docAbstract":"The Apache Canyon 7.5-minute quadrangle is located in southwestern California about 55 km northeast of Santa Barbara and 65 km southwest of Bakersfield. This report presents the results of a geologic mapping investigation of the Apache Canyon quadrangle that was carried out in 1997-1999 as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's Southern California Areal Mapping Project. This quadrangle was chosen for study because it is in an area of complex, incompletely understood Cenozoic stratigraphy and structure of potential importance for regional tectonic interpretations, particularly those involving the San Andreas fault located just northwest of the quadrangle and the Big Pine fault about 10 km to the south. In addition, the quadrangle is notable for its well-exposed sequences of folded Neogene nonmarine strata including the Caliente Formation of Miocene age from which previous workers have collected and described several biostratigraphically significant land-mammal fossil assemblages. During the present study, these strata were mapped in detail throughout the quadrangle to provide an improved framework for possible future paleontologic investigations. The Apache Canyon quadrangle is in the eastern part of the Cuyama 30-minute by 60-minute quadrangle and is largely part of an erosionally dissected terrain known as the Cuyama badlands at the east end of Cuyama Valley. Most of the Apache Canyon quadrangle consists of public lands in the Los Padres National Forest.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr00359","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California Division of Mines and Geology","usgsCitation":"Stone, P., and Cossette, P., 2000, Geologic map and digital database of the Apache Canyon 7.5' quadrangle, Ventura and Kern counties, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-359, Pamphlet: PDF, 22 p.; Pamphlet: TXT; Metadata; Digital database; Map: 20.37 x 33.33 inches; Cross-section: 26.72 x 20.68 inches; Map: PostScript file; Cross-section: PostScript file, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00359.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: PDF, 22 p.; Pamphlet: TXT; Metadata; Digital database; Map: 20.37 x 33.33 inches; Cross-section: 26.72 x 20.68 inches; Map: PostScript file; Cross-section: PostScript file","numberOfPages":"22","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":161052,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr00359.gif"},{"id":281694,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0359/apache1.ps.gz"},{"id":281695,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0359/apache2.ps"},{"id":110126,"rank":11,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_33762.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"33762"},{"id":2678,"rank":10,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0359/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":281692,"rank":9,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0359/pdf/of00-359.pdf"},{"id":281693,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0359/pdf/xsect00-359.pdf"},{"id":281690,"rank":7,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0359/apache_met.txt"},{"id":281688,"rank":6,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0359/pdf/apache_expl.pdf"},{"id":281689,"rank":5,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0359/apache_expl.txt"},{"id":281691,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0359/apache.tar.gz"}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Polyconic projection","country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Kern County, Ventura County","otherGeospatial":"Apache Canyon, Cuyama Valley, Los Padres National Forest","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.375,34.75 ], [ -119.375,34.875 ], [ -119.25,34.875 ], [ -119.25,34.75 ], [ -119.375,34.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a49d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stone, Paul 0000-0002-1439-0156 pastone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1439-0156","contributorId":273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Paul","email":"pastone@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":205211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cossette, P. M. 0000-0002-9608-6595","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9608-6595","contributorId":36586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cossette","given":"P. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":23287,"text":"ofr2000438 - 2000 - Geology and coastal hazards in the northern Monterey Bay, California: Field trip guidebook, November 4, 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-12T20:34:50.261649","indexId":"ofr2000438","displayToPublicDate":"2001-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-438","title":"Geology and coastal hazards in the northern Monterey Bay, California: Field trip guidebook, November 4, 2000","docAbstract":"The purpose of this field trip is to explore the relationships between local geology, coastal hazards, and human influences in the northern Monterey Bay, which is a tectonically active high wave energy coastal environment. Seacliffs, shore platforms, pocket beaches and a headland/embayment morphology characterize this rocky coastline. Many studies of the onshore and offshore geology and geophysics, the local wave climate, and the effects of large storm events and earthquakes on the coastline have been conducted in this region (see Related Reading section).
This field trip summarizes many of the findings of these research investigations, and also considers the relationship between the rates and styles of seacliff erosion and the variations in the local geology. The field trip stops allow the participant to examine seacliff sites of different geological lithologies, geographic orientations, and varying protection from wave attack, and consider how these variables affect not only the rate or magnitude of seacliff retreat but also the styles of retreat. In general the two primary forcing factors in the retreat of seacliffs are marine and terrestrial processes. At the various field trip stops, the relative importance of these processes in shaping the coastline at that particular location will be explored. Where beaches have developed, whether naturally or by emplacement of man-made structures, field trip stops are designed to look at the occurrence of the beaches (why they exist where they do) and to understand the response of the beaches to large storm events. Finally, this trip focuses on the various coastline protection structures that have been built in the area, and their effectiveness in protecting development on the beaches or at the tops of the seacliffs.
The first stop of the trip is the Long Marine Lab facility where the seacliffs are composed of the most resistant geological unit in the area, the Miocene Santa Cruz Mudstone. This stop also includes discussion of some of the interesting geological features associated with this part of the Bay, including the arches at Natural Bridges State Beach. The field trip stops are progressively east and south, moving into the inner Monterey Bay, as well as into the less resistant lithologies of the late Miocene to Pliocene Purisima Formation, and finally the Pleistocene Aromas Sand. The route will follow the coast wherever possible so participants can get a full perspective of the northern Monterey Bay coastline, even where stops have not been planned.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr2000438","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Hapke, C., 2000, Geology and coastal hazards in the northern Monterey Bay, California: Field trip guidebook, November 4, 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-438, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2000438.","productDescription":"18 p.","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":156052,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":400598,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_34356.htm"},{"id":281968,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0438/pdf/of00-438.pdf"},{"id":1413,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0438/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Monterey Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.1137237548828,\n 36.898292702118674\n ],\n [\n -121.82464599609375,\n 36.898292702118674\n ],\n [\n -121.82464599609375,\n 36.98774548156736\n ],\n [\n -122.1137237548828,\n 36.98774548156736\n ],\n [\n -122.1137237548828,\n 36.898292702118674\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adde4b07f02db686f5e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hapke, Cheryl","contributorId":89846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hapke","given":"Cheryl","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":23469,"text":"ofr00506 - 2000 - Principal facts for gravity stations in the Antelope Valley-Bedell Flat area, west-central Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-22T13:32:55.643478","indexId":"ofr00506","displayToPublicDate":"2001-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-506","title":"Principal facts for gravity stations in the Antelope Valley-Bedell Flat area, west-central Nevada","docAbstract":"In April 2000 the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) established 211 gravity stations in the Antelope Valley and Bedell Flat area of west-central Nevada (see figure 1). The stations were located about 15 miles north of Reno, Nevada, southwest of Dogskin Mountain, and east of Petersen Mountain, concentrated in Antelope Valley and Bedell Flat (figure 2). The ranges in this area primarily consist of normal-faulted Cretaceous granitic rocks, with some volcanic and metavolcanic rocks.\n\nThe purpose of the survey was to characterize the hydrogeologic framework of Antelope Valley and Bedell Flat in support of future hydrologic investigations. The information developed during this study can be used in groundwater models.\n\nGravity data were collected between latitude 39°37.5' and 40°00' N and longitude 119°37.5' and 120°00' W. The stations were located on the Seven Lakes Mountain, Dogskin Mountain, Granite Peak, Bedell Flat, Fraser Flat, and Reno NE 7.5 minute quadrangles. All data were tied to secondary base station RENO-A located on the campus of the University of Nevada at Reno (UNR) in Reno, Nevada (latitude 39°32.30' N, longitude 119°48.70' W, observed gravity value 979674.69 mGal). The value for observed gravity was calculated by multiple ties to the base station RENO (latitude 39°32.30' N, longitude 119°48.70' W, observed gravity value 979674.65 mGal), also on the UNR campus. The isostatic gravity map (figure 3) includes additional data sets from the following sources: 202 stations from a Geological Survey digital data set (Ponce, 1997), and 126 stations from Thomas C. Carpenter (written commun., 1998).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr00506","usgsCitation":"Jewel, E.B., Ponce, D.A., and Morin, R.L., 2000, Principal facts for gravity stations in the Antelope Valley-Bedell Flat area, west-central Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-506, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00506.","productDescription":"19 p.","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":1790,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0506/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":156840,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0506/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52782,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0506/pdf/of00-506.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":414299,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_34762.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Antelope Valley, Bedell Flat","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120,\n 39.625\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -119.625,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -119.625,\n 39.625\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 39.625\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667dba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jewel, Eleanore B.","contributorId":91787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jewel","given":"Eleanore","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ponce, David A. 0000-0003-4785-7354 ponce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4785-7354","contributorId":1049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponce","given":"David","email":"ponce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":190159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morin, Robert L.","contributorId":82671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morin","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":24907,"text":"ofr00322 - 2000 - Concentrations and loads of cadmium, lead, and zinc measured near the peak of the 1999 snowmelt-runoff hydrographs for 42 water-quality stations, Coeur d'Alene River basin, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-25T20:57:54","indexId":"ofr00322","displayToPublicDate":"2001-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-322","title":"Concentrations and loads of cadmium, lead, and zinc measured near the peak of the 1999 snowmelt-runoff hydrographs for 42 water-quality stations, Coeur d'Alene River basin, Idaho","docAbstract":"The Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study conducted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency within the Spokane River Basin of northern Idaho and eastern Washington included extensive data-collection activities to determine the nature and extent of trace-element contamination within the basin. The U.S. Geological Survey designed and implemented synoptic sampling of the 1999 snowmelt-runoff event at 42 water- quality stations during the 1999 water year. The distribution of the 42 stations was as follows: North Fork Coeur d’Alene River and tributaries, 4 stations; South Fork Coeur d’Alene River, 13 stations; Canyon, Ninemile, and Pine Creeks, 4 stations each; other tributaries to South Fork Coeur d’Alene River, 10 stations; and main stem Coeur d’Alene River, 3 stations. The objective was to synoptically collect discharge and water-quality data in order to significantly improve the estimation of trace-element loads from multiple contributing source areas during the snowmelt-runoff event. Discharge and water-quality data were collected near the peak discharge during late May 1999. Each station was sampled for whole-water recoverable and dissolved concentrations and loads of cadmium, lead, and zinc.\nThree general concentration levels of cadmium, lead, and zinc were noted among the 42 stations. Dissolved cadmium concentrations were less than 1 microgram per liter (μg/L) at 26 stations, exceeded 10 μg/L at 1 station, and ranged from 1 to 10 μg/L at the remaining 15 stations. Whole-water recoverable cadmium concentrations were less than 1 μg/L at 23 stations, exceeded 10 μg/L at 4 stations, and ranged from 1 to 10 μg/L at the remaining 15 stations. Dissolved lead concentrations were less than 1 μg/L at 22 stations, exceeded 10 μg/L at 7 stations, and ranged from 1 to 10 μg/L at the remaining 13 stations. Whole-water recoverable lead concentrations were less than 10 μg/L at 13 stations, exceeded 500 μg/L at 20 stations, and ranged from 10 to 500 μg/L at the remaining 9 stations. Dis- solved zinc concentrations were less than 10 μg/L at 14 stations, exceeded 500 μg/L at 6 stations, and ranged from 10 to 500 μg/L at the remaining 22 stations. Whole-water recoverable zinc concentrations were less than 10 μg/L at 9 stations, exceeded 500 μg/L at 15 stations, and ranged from 10 to 500 μg/L at the remaining 18 stations.\nThe accounting of tributary loads between two South Fork stations at O’Brien Gulch and Pinehurst revealed differences between dissolved and whole-water recoverable loads, as well as differences among the three trace elements. Tributary loads accounted for an average of 29 percent (range of 27 to 31.6 percent) of the differences in whole-water recoverable loads of the three trace elements between the O’Brien Gulch and Pinehurst stations. This result implies that the main stem of the South Fork Coeur d’Alene River is an important source of sediment-associated trace elements under elevated streamflows. In the case of dissolved loads of cadmium and zinc, the tributary loads accounted for about one-half (range of 47.3 to 55 percent) of the differences between the two South Fork stations. As with whole-water recoverable loads, this result indicates an important source of dissolved cadmium and zinc within the main stem. The picture is much different for dissolved lead loads: About 94 percent of the load difference between the O’Brien Gulch and Pinehurst stations was accounted for by loads from the 13 tributaries.\nThe Coeur d’Alene River near Harrison transported 924 pounds of dissolved lead per day, of which 82.8 pounds came from the South Fork and 11.7 pounds from the North Fork. Only 10.2 percent of the load at Harrison was measured at the Pinehurst and Enaville stations; therefore, a substantial load of dissolved lead is being contributed downstream from the confluence of the North and South Forks.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr00322","isbn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Woods, P.F., 2000, Concentrations and loads of cadmium, lead, and zinc measured near the peak of the 1999 snowmelt-runoff hydrographs for 42 water-quality stations, Coeur d'Alene River basin, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-322, iv, 60 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00322.","productDescription":"iv, 60 p.","numberOfPages":"67","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":262318,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0322/report.pdf"},{"id":262319,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0322/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"North Fork Coeur D'alene River;South Fork Coeur D'alene River;Canyon Creek;Ninemile Creek;Pine Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.9695,47.3499 ], [ -116.9695,47.8014 ], [ -115.4985,47.8014 ], [ -115.4985,47.3499 ], [ -116.9695,47.3499 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4c84","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woods, Paul F.","contributorId":82273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woods","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":22725,"text":"ofr00472 - 2000 - Transport of suspended and bedload sediment at eight stations in the Coeur d'Alene River basin, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-25T21:45:08","indexId":"ofr00472","displayToPublicDate":"2001-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-472","title":"Transport of suspended and bedload sediment at eight stations in the Coeur d'Alene River basin, Idaho","docAbstract":"The Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study conducted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency within the Spokane River Basin of northern Idaho and eastern Washington included extensive data-collection activities to determine the nature and extent of trace-element contamination within the basin. As part of the investigation, the U.S. Geological Survey designed and implemented a sampling program to assess sediment transport in the Coeur d’Alene River Basin. Suspended and bedload sediments were sampled at four stations at or near base flow and at eight stations during low, moderate, and high discharge conditions between February 1999 and April 2000.\nThe concentrations and loads of suspended and bedload sediment at all stations were directly related to stream discharge. To quantify these relationships, a power function was used to develop sediment-transport curves at all stations. Although the transport curves for most of the stations indicate a good log-log relationship between stream discharge and suspended- and bedload-sediment discharge, there was a fair amount of scatter about the best-fit regression at most stations. For suspended-sediment discharge, the scatter can be primarily attributed to a hysteresis effect in the concentration of suspended sediment as stream discharge rises and falls. The effects of hysteresis on bedload-sediment discharge were difficult to assess because of a paucity of samples collected over the stream hydrograph.\nAt most of the stations, and at the stream discharges sampled, the transport characteristics for fine- and sand-sized suspended sediment were similar. However, at the two main-stem Coeur d’Alene River stations, Rose Lake and Harrison, the suspended-sediment load was primarily composed of fine-grained sediment at stream discharges of less than 15,000 cubic feet per second. These two stations are characterized by relatively slow water velocities, which appear to be insufficient to transport sand-sized sediment at lower stream discharge.\nAt most of the stations, and at the stream discharges sampled, the bedload was primarily composed of material greater than 2 millimeters in diameter, the break between sand and gravel. A predominance of sand-sized bedload was noted at only a few stations, and generally only during low stream discharge. The particle-size distribution of bedload sediment at most stations became proportionately coarser as stream discharge increased. During the peak of snowmelt runoff for water years 1999 and 2000, gravel-sized material between 2 and 64 millimeters in diameter comprised more than 70 percent of the bedload transport at most stations. However, at the station on the Coeur d’Alene River at Rose Lake, the bedload was predominantly composed of fine-grained material of less than 1 millimeter in diameter for all measured stream discharges. The slow water velocities at Rose Lake accounted for the predominance of fine-grained sediment transport.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr00472","isbn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Clark, G.M., and Woods, P.F., 2000, Transport of suspended and bedload sediment at eight stations in the Coeur d'Alene River basin, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-472, iv, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00472.","productDescription":"iv, 26 p.","numberOfPages":"33","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":262314,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0472/report.pdf"},{"id":262315,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0472/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","city":"Harrison","otherGeospatial":"Rose Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.9914,47.0794 ], [ -116.9914,47.9947 ], [ -115.493,47.9947 ], [ -115.493,47.0794 ], [ -116.9914,47.0794 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ce4b07f02db626b8b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, Greg M.","contributorId":75185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Greg","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woods, Paul F.","contributorId":82273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woods","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":6748,"text":"fs02900 - 2000 - Nitrate concentrations in ground water in the Henrys Fork Basin, eastern Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-25T18:59:17","indexId":"fs02900","displayToPublicDate":"2001-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"029-00","title":"Nitrate concentrations in ground water in the Henrys Fork Basin, eastern Idaho","docAbstract":"In 1998 and 1999, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) completed comprehensive studies of nitrate concentrations in ground water in the Henrys Fork Basin in eastern Idaho (fig. 1A). These studies were done in cooperation with the following agencies or groups: Idaho Division of Environmental Quality (DEQ), District 7 Health Department, Idaho Department of Water Resources (IDWR), Idaho Department of Agriculture (IDAG), Bureau of Reclamation, Henrys Fork Foundation, Fremont County, and Madison County. This Fact Sheet presents selected results of these investigations.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs02900","usgsCitation":"Parliman, D., 2000, Nitrate concentrations in ground water in the Henrys Fork Basin, eastern Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 029-00, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs02900.","productDescription":"6 p.","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121679,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2000/0029/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34118,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2000/0029/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"500000","projection":"Albers Equal-Area","country":"United States","state":"Idaho","county":"Teton;Madison;Fremont","city":"Menan Buttes;Ashton;Rexburg","otherGeospatial":"Fall River;Teton River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.9987,43.504 ], [ -111.9987,44.5011 ], [ -111.0565,44.5011 ], [ -111.0565,43.504 ], [ -111.9987,43.504 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db697421","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parliman, D. J.","contributorId":64220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parliman","given":"D. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28736,"text":"wri004026 - 2000 - Simulation of ground-water flow in an unconfined sand and gravel aquifer at Marathon, Cortland County, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-04T13:51:32","indexId":"wri004026","displayToPublicDate":"2001-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4026","title":"Simulation of ground-water flow in an unconfined sand and gravel aquifer at Marathon, Cortland County, New York","docAbstract":"The Village of Marathon, in Cortland County, N.Y., has three municipal wells that tap a relatively thin (25 to 40 feet thick) and narrow (less than 0.25 mile wide) unconfined sand and gravel aquifer in the Tioughnioga River valley. Only one of the wells is in use because water from one well has been contaminated by petroleum chemicals from a leaking storage tank, and water from the other well contains high concentrations of manganese. The operating well pumps about 0.1 million gallons per day and supplies about 1,000 people.
A three-dimensional, finite-difference ground-water-flow model was used to (1) compute hydraulic heads in the aquifer under steady-state conditions, (2) develop a water budget, and (3) delineate the areas contributing recharge to two simulated wells that represent two of the municipal wells: one 57 feet east of the Tioughnioga River, the other 4,000 feet to the south and 75 feet from a man-made pond. The water budget for simulated long-term average, steady-state conditions with two simulated pumping wells indicates that the principal sources of recharge to the unconfined aquifer are unchanneled runoff and ground-water inflow from the uplands (41 percent of total recharge), precipitation that falls directly on the aquifer (34 percent), and stream leakage (23 percent). Only 2 percent of the recharge to the aquifer is from ground-water underflow into the northern end of the modeled area. Most of the simulated groundwater discharge from the modeled area (78 percent of total discharge) is to the Tioughnioga River; the rest discharges to the two simulated wells (19 percent) and as underflow at the southern end of the modeled area (3 percent).
Results of a particle-tracking analysis indicate that the aquifer contributing area of the northern (simulated) well is 0.10 mile wide and 0.15 mile long and encompasses 0.015 square miles; the contributing area of the southern (simulated) well is 0.20 mile wide and 0.11 mile long and encompasses 0.022 square miles. The average traveltime of ground water from the valley wall to either simulated well is about 1.5 years, calculated on the basis of an assumed aquifer porosity of 0.3. The flowpath analysis indicates that both contributing areas contain surface-water sources of recharge; the Tioughnioga River and Hunts Creek contribute water to the northern well, and a pond and a small tributary contribute water to the southern well.
Ground-water temperature in an observation well between the Tioughnioga River and the municipal well fluctuated several degrees Fahrenheit in response to pumping of the municipal well. This temperature fluctuation, in conjunction with the pumping well causing a ground-water gradient from the Tioughnioga River to the pumping well (ground-water levels in the pumping well were generally greater than 3 ft lower than that of the Tioughnioga River), indicate that there is a hydraulic connection between the river and aquifer at this site.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri004026","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Cortland County Soil and Water Conservation District","usgsCitation":"Miller, T.S., 2000, Simulation of ground-water flow in an unconfined sand and gravel aquifer at Marathon, Cortland County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4026, iv, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004026.","productDescription":"iv, 24 p.","numberOfPages":"29","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":159113,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4026/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":2301,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4026/wri20004026.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 2000-4026"}],"contact":"Director, New York Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
425 Jordan Rd
Troy, NY 12180
(518) 285-5695
http://ny.water.usgs.gov/
Grande Wash is a tributary of the Verde River and drains an area of 13 square miles within the\nMcDowell Mountains and the Town of Fountain Hills in Central Arizona. The wash enters the\nFort McDowell Indian Reservation at the eastern boundary of Fountain Hills and is incised in coarse-grained\nalluvium that is contiguous with the alluvial aquifer along the Verde River. The aquifer is used by\nthe Fort McDowell Indian Community and the City of Phoenix for municipal water supplies. Episodic\nflows in Grande Wash, in response to storms, carry potentially hazardous runoff from Fountain Hills onto\nthe reservation. Additional potential hazards to ground water include contamination from a wastewater-treatment\nplant located less than 1 mile upstream from the reservation boundary, and from a landfill and a\ncement-processing plant immediately adjacent to the main channel of the wash.
\nCoarse-grained deposits in Grande Wash also include recent stream-channel deposits, soil backfill,\nlandfill material, and the upper coarse-grained layer of basin-fill sediments. Surface-geophysical surveys\nand drilling indicated that the coarse-grained deposits are less than 60-feet thick along the wash and in\nadjacent areas within the reservation, and are underlain by a thick clay and silt unit, the base of which is\nbelow the bottom of the deepest monitor well (317 feet below land surface). The coarse-grained deposits\nform the alluvial aquifer beneath Grande Wash.
\nGround water in the alluvial aquifer beneath the wash is shallow and mounded above a less permeable\nclay and silt unit. Depth to water in the aquifer ranges from 1 to 22 feet below land surface. Saturation of\nthe coarse-grained deposits does not extend laterally for more than about 1,000 feet from the main\nchannel of Grande Wash; the extent varies in response to recharge amounts.
\nFlux of ground water through the alluvial aquifer beneath the wash is toward the Verde River and is\nestimated to be about 8,000 cubic feet per day (about 0.2 acre-feet per day). The flow rate is four orders of\nmagnitude less than the flow rate in the Verde River. Vertical flux of ground water through the underlying\nclay and silt unit is estimated to be 7,000 cubic feet per day (0.17 acre-feet per day). The volume of\nground water in storage in the alluvial aquifer beneath Grande Wash is estimated to be about 5.6 million\ncubic feet (129 acre-feet).
\nConcentrations of dissolved inorganic constituents in ground water and surface water are high relative\nto concentrations found in the regional aquifer in surrounding areas and are indicative of salts that can be\nexpected to be mobilized by runoff in the drainage area. Concentrations of nitrate, chloride, and sulfate\nare near U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Primary or Secondary Drinking-Water Regulations. Concentrations of arsenic, antimony, and\nstrontium are below drinking-water standards but\ncan be attributed to geologic deposits in and near\nthe study area.
\nLow concentrations of anthropogenic\ncompounds, including chloroform and\ndichlorobromomethane, were detected. These\ncompounds are disinfection by-products of\nchlorinated water.
\nEight pesticide compounds were detected in\nthe surface water, and two pesticide compounds\nwere detected in the ground water. Pesticide\nconcentrations were below U.S. Environmental\nProtection Agency Maximum Contaminant\nLevels. Several other organic anthropogenic\ncompounds that probably originated from\ncommercial activities in the area were detected but\nat concentrations below laboratory calibration\nstandards.
\nConcentrations of trace metals in the\nstormwater sediment collected from the sediment\nretention basin in the lowest part of the wash were\nlow and several were below the laboratory’s\ndetection limits. Concentrations of most organic\ncompounds in the stormwater sediment were\nbelow detection limits. Organic compounds\npresent at concentrations above detection limits\nwere p-cresol and two phthalate esters—bis\n(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and dibutyl phthalate.\nP-cresol is used in pesticides or in disinfectants\nand deodorizers, and phthalate esters are\ncommonly used in plastics, hydraulic fluid, and\nelectric capacitors.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Tucson, AZ","doi":"10.3133/wri004116","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation","usgsCitation":"Hoffmann, J.P., 2000, Hydrogeology, water quality, and stormwater-sediment chemistry of the Grande Wash area, Fort McDowell Indian Reservation, Maricopa County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4116, iv, 52 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004116.","productDescription":"iv, 52 p.","numberOfPages":"59","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":288390,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288389,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4116/report.pdf"}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic projection","country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Maricopa County","otherGeospatial":"Fort Mcdowell Indian Reservation;Grande Wash","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.75,33.583333 ], [ -111.75,33.833333 ], [ -111.5,33.833333 ], [ -111.5,33.583333 ], [ -111.75,33.583333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2de4b07f02db6147dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffmann, John P. jphoffma@usgs.gov","contributorId":1337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffmann","given":"John","email":"jphoffma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":198588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":22053,"text":"ofr00403 - 2000 - Preliminary report on geophysics of the Verde River headwaters region, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-22T13:29:21.339322","indexId":"ofr00403","displayToPublicDate":"2001-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-403","title":"Preliminary report on geophysics of the Verde River headwaters region, Arizona","docAbstract":"This report summarizes the acquisition, data processing, and preliminary interpretation of a high-resolution aeromagnetic and radiometric survey near the confluence of the Big and Little Chino basins in the headwaters of the Verde River, Arizona. The goal of the aeromagnetic study is to improve understanding of the geologic framework as it affects groundwater flow, particularly in relation to the occurrence of springs in the upper Verde River headwaters region. Radiometric data were also collected to map surficial rocks and soils, thus aiding geologic mapping of the basin fill. Additional gravity data were collected to enhance existing coverage. \n\nBoth aeromagnetic and gravity data indicate a large gradient along the Big Chino fault, a fault with Quaternary movement. Filtered aeromagnetic data show other possible faults within the basin fill and areas where volcanic rocks are shallowly buried. Gravity lows associated with Big Chino and Williamson Valleys indicate potentially significant accumulations of low-density basin fill. The absence of a gravity low associated with Little Chino Valley indicates that high-density rocks are shallow. \n\nThe radiometric maps show higher radioactivity associated with the Tertiary latites and with the sediments derived from them. The surficial materials on the eastern side of the Big Chino Valley are significantly lower in radioactivity and reflect the materials derived from the limestone and basalt east of the valley. The dividing line between the low radioactivity materials to the east and the higher radioactiviy materials to the west coincides approximately with the major drainage system of the valley, locally known as Big Chino Wash. This feature is remarkably straight and is approximately parallel to the Big Chino Fault. The uranium map shows large areas with concentrations greater than 5 ppm eU, and we expect that these areas will have a significantly higher risk potential for indoor radon.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr00403","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Langenheim, V., Duval, J.S., Wirt, L., and DeWitt, E., 2000, Preliminary report on geophysics of the Verde River headwaters region, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-403, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00403.","productDescription":"28 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":51510,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0403/pdf/of00-403n.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":153067,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0403/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":1222,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0403/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.800407,34.606650 ], [ -112.800407,35.159775 ], [ -112.200279,35.159775 ], [ -112.200279,34.606650 ], [ -112.800407,34.606650 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cb58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langenheim, Victoria E. 0000-0003-2170-5213 zulanger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":1526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"Victoria E.","email":"zulanger@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":186872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duval, J. S.","contributorId":15200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duval","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wirt, Laurie","contributorId":13204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wirt","given":"Laurie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeWitt, Ed","contributorId":65081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWitt","given":"Ed","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":22246,"text":"ofr00358 - 2000 - USGS East-Coast sediment analysis: Procedures, database, and georeferenced displays","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":22246,"text":"ofr00358 - 2000 - USGS East-Coast sediment analysis: Procedures, database, and georeferenced displays","indexId":"ofr00358","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"title":"USGS East-Coast sediment analysis: Procedures, database, and georeferenced displays"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":72791,"text":"ofr20051001 - 2005 - USGS east-coast sediment analysis: Procedures, database, and GIS data","indexId":"ofr20051001","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"title":"USGS east-coast sediment analysis: Procedures, database, and GIS data"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":72791,"text":"ofr20051001 - 2005 - USGS east-coast sediment analysis: Procedures, database, and GIS data","indexId":"ofr20051001","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"title":"USGS east-coast sediment analysis: Procedures, database, and GIS data"},"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-28T13:50:11.733969","indexId":"ofr00358","displayToPublicDate":"2001-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-358","title":"USGS East-Coast sediment analysis: Procedures, database, and georeferenced displays","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"United States Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr00358","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Poppe, L., and Polloni, C.F., 2000, USGS East-Coast sediment analysis: Procedures, database, and georeferenced displays: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-358, HTML Document; CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00358.","productDescription":"HTML Document; CD-ROM","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":391123,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_34837.htm"},{"id":154420,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1332,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/of00-358/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"East Coast","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -68.02734375,\n 45.9511496866914\n ],\n [\n -82.265625,\n 37.16031654673677\n ],\n [\n -87.5390625,\n 31.952162238024975\n ],\n [\n -91.58203125,\n 28.613459424004414\n ],\n [\n -80.15625,\n 24.686952411999155\n ],\n [\n -79.62890625,\n 31.052933985705163\n ],\n [\n -74.1796875,\n 37.996162679728116\n ],\n [\n -67.32421875,\n 42.94033923363181\n ],\n [\n -67.1484375,\n 44.59046718130883\n ],\n [\n -68.02734375,\n 45.9511496866914\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db610e73","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poppe, Lawrence J. lpoppe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppe","given":"Lawrence J.","email":"lpoppe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":187762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Polloni, C. F.","contributorId":13618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Polloni","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}