Abundance is the state variable of interest in most population–level ecological research and in most programs involving management and conservation of animal populations. Abundance is the single parameter of interest in capture–recapture models for closed populations (e.g., Darroch, 1958; Otis et al., 1978; Chao, 2001). The initial capture–recapture models developed for partially (Darroch, 1959) and completely (Jolly, 1965; Seber, 1965) open populations represented efforts to relax the restrictive assumption of population closure for the purpose of estimating abundance. Subsequent emphases in capture–recapture work were on survival rate estimation in the 1970’s and 1980’s (e.g., Burnham et al., 1987; Lebreton et al.,1992), and on movement estimation in the 1990’s (Brownie et al., 1993; Schwarz et al., 1993). However, from the mid–1990’s until the present time, capture–recapture investigators have expressed a renewed interest in abundance and related parameters (Pradel, 1996; Schwarz & Arnason, 1996; Schwarz, 2001). The focus of this session was abundance, and presentations covered topics ranging from estimation of abundance and rate of change in abundance, to inferences about the demographic processes underlying changes in abundance, to occupancy as a surrogate of abundance. The plenary paper by Link & Barker (2004) is provocative and very interesting, and it contains a number of important messages and suggestions. Link & Barker (2004) emphasize that the increasing complexity of capture–recapture models has resulted in large numbers of parameters and that a challenge to ecologists is to extract ecological signals from this complexity. They offer hierarchical models as a natural approach to inference in which traditional parameters are viewed as realizations of stochastic processes. These processes are governed by hyperparameters, and the inferential approach focuses on these hyperparameters. Link & Barker (2004) also suggest that our attention should be focused on relationships between demographic processes such as survival and recruitment, the two quantities responsible for changes in abundance, rather than simply on the magnitudes of these quantities. They describe a type of Jolly–Seber capture–recapture model that permits inference about the underlying relationship between per capita recruitment rates and survival rates (Link & Barker, this volume). Implementation used Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods and appeared to work well, yielding inferences about the relationship between recruitment and survival that were robust to selection of prior distribution. We believe that readers will find their arguments compelling, and we expect to see increased use of hierarchical modeling approaches in capture–recapture and related fields. Otto (presentation without paper) also recommended use of hierarchical models in analysis of multiple data sources dealing with population dynamics of North American mallards. He integrated survival inferences from ringing data, abundance information from aerial survey data, and recruitment information based on age ratios from a harvest survey. He used a Leslie matrix population projection model as an integrating framework and obtained estimates of breeding population size using all data.Otto’s approach also permitted inference about biases in estimated quantities. As with the work of Link & Barker (2004), we find Otto’s recommendation to use hierarchical models to integrate data from multiple sources to be very compelling. Alisauskas et al. (2004) report results of an analysis of capture–recapture data for a askatchewan population of white–winged scoters. They used the approach of Pradel (1996) to estimate population growth rate (See the PDF) directly. Estimates for 1975–1985 were quite low, but estimates for the recent period, 2000–2003,increased to values > 1. Parameter estimates for seniority, survival and per capita recruitment (Pradel, 1996) led to the inference that increased recruitment was largely responsible for the improvements in population status and growth. However, various data sources also indicated that this increase in recruitment was likely a result of increased immigration rather than improved reproduction on the area. This latter inference is important from a conservation perspective in indicating the importance of birds in other locations to growth and health of the study population. Lukacs and Burnham presented material to be published elsewhere that dealt with the use of genetic markers in capture–recapture studies. The data sources for such studies are samples of hair or feces, which are then analyzed using molecular genetic techniques in order to determine individual genotypes with respect to a usually small number of loci. Two types of classification error can arise in such analyses. First, if only a small number of loci is examined, then there may be nonnegligible probabilities that multiple individual animals will have the same genotypes. The second type of error arises during the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) process and can result from failure of alleles to amplify (allelic dropout) or from PCR inhibitors in hair and feces that produce the appearance of false alleles or misprinting (Creel et al., 2003). Lukacs and Burnham developed models that formally incorporate possible misclassification of samples resulting from these errors. These models permit estimation of parameters such as abundance and survival in a manner that properly incorporates this uncertainty of individual identity. We anticipate that noninvasive sampling based on molecular genetic analyses of hair or feces will become extremely important for some species, and that the models of Lukacs and Burnham will become very popular for such analyses. MacKenzie & Nichols (2004) discuss the use of occupancy (proportion of patches or habitat area that is occupied) as a surrogate for abundance. In cases of territorial species and where birds occur at low densities, the number of occupied patches may provide a reasonable estimate of abundance. In other cases, occupancy can be viewed as providing information about one tail of the abundance distribution, P (N = 0). The motivation for considering occupancy as a surrogate for abundance is that occupancy is based on so–called presence–absence surveys that are frequently less expensive of time and effort than methods that estimate abundance directly. We describe one set of models that can be used to estimate occupancy for a single season and another that can be used to estimate parameters such as local probabilities of extinction and colonization that are associated with occupancy dynamics. We outline a possible hybrid approach that combines occupancy data with data on marked individuals in order to betterexplore the mechanisms underlying occupancy dynamics. These five presentations made for an interesting session containing useful information and recommendations for future work. A number of themes connecting these presentations could be emphasized. For example, two of the presentations considered alternatives to standard capture–recapture sampling that can be used to draw inferences about abundance, or a portion of the abundance distribution, with field methods that should be less expensive than usual capture–recapture approaches of handling animals. We believe that the most important theme of the session was the emphasis on the processes responsible for changes in abundance. In particular, we are excited by the potential for using hierarchical models as a means of investigating relationships among vital rates and as a means of combining multiple sources of data relevant to system dynamics. Indeed, we expect the importance of this session theme to be reflected in the content and presentations of the next EURING meeting.
","language":"English","publisher":"Museu de Ciencies Naturals de Barcelona","usgsCitation":"Nichols, J., and MacKenzie, D., 2004, Abundance estimation and conservation biology: Animal Biodiversity and Conservation, v. 27, no. 1, p. 437-439.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"437","endPage":"439","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196327,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":16752,"rank":300,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://abc.museucienciesjournals.cat/volum-27-1-2004-abc/abundance-estimation-and-conservation-biology/?lang=en","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b13e4b07f02db6a3808","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"MacKenzie, D.I.","contributorId":69522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacKenzie","given":"D.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224436,"text":"5224436 - 2004 - Hierarchial mark-recapture models: a framework for inference about demographic processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-27T12:05:09","indexId":"5224436","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:29","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":771,"text":"Animal Biodiversity and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hierarchial mark-recapture models: a framework for inference about demographic processes","docAbstract":"The development of sophisticated mark-recapture models over the last four decades has provided fundamental tools for the study of wildlife populations, allowing reliable inference about population sizes and demographic rates based on clearly formulated models for the sampling processes. Mark-recapture models are now routinely described by large numbers of parameters. These large models provide the next challenge to wildlife modelers: the extraction of signal from noise in large collections of parameters. Pattern among parameters can be described by strong, deterministic relations (as in ultrastructural models) but is more flexibly and credibly modeled using weaker, stochastic relations. Trend in survival rates is not likely to be manifest by a sequence of values falling precisely on a given parametric curve; rather, if we could somehow know the true values, we might anticipate a regression relation between parameters and explanatory variables, in which true value equals signal plus noise. Hierarchical models provide a useful framework for inference about collections of related parameters. Instead of regarding parameters as fixed but unknown quantities, we regard them as realizations of stochastic processes governed by hyperparameters. Inference about demographic processes is based on investigation of these hyperparameters. We advocate the Bayesian paradigm as a natural, mathematically and scientifically sound basis for inference about hierarchical models. We describe analysis of capture-recapture data from an open population based on hierarchical extensions of the Cormack-Jolly-Seber model. In addition to recaptures of marked animals, we model first captures of animals and losses on capture, and are thus able to estimate survival probabilities w (i.e., the complement of death or permanent emigration) and per capita growth rates f (i.e., the sum of recruitment and immigration rates). Covariation in these rates, a feature of demographic interest, is explicitly described in the model.
","language":"English","publisher":"Museu de Ciencies Natural de Barcelona","usgsCitation":"Link, W., and Barker, R.J., 2004, Hierarchial mark-recapture models: a framework for inference about demographic processes: Animal Biodiversity and Conservation, v. 27, no. 1, p. 441-449.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"441","endPage":"449","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202029,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":16753,"rank":300,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://abc.museucienciesjournals.cat/volum-27-1-2004-abc/hierarchial-mark-recapture-models-a-framework-for-inference-about-demographic-processes/?lang=en","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635b44","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Link, W.A. 0000-0002-9913-0256","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9913-0256","contributorId":8815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Link","given":"W.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barker, R. J.","contributorId":34222,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barker","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224434,"text":"5224434 - 2004 - Generalized estimators of avian abundance from count survey data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-27T12:08:11","indexId":"5224434","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:29","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":771,"text":"Animal Biodiversity and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Generalized estimators of avian abundance from count survey data","docAbstract":"I consider modeling avian abundance from spatially referenced bird count data collected according to common protocols such as capture?recapture, multiple observer, removal sampling and simple point counts. Small sample sizes and large numbers of parameters have motivated many analyses that disregard the spatial indexing of the data, and thus do not provide an adequate treatment of spatial structure. I describe a general framework for modeling spatially replicated data that regards local abundance as a random process, motivated by the view that the set of spatially referenced local populations (at the sample locations) constitute a metapopulation. Under this view, attention can be focused on developing a model for the variation in local abundance independent of the sampling protocol being considered. The metapopulation model structure, when combined with the data generating model, define a simple hierarchical model that can be analyzed using conventional methods. The proposed modeling framework is completely general in the sense that broad classes of metapopulation models may be considered, site level covariates on detection and abundance may be considered, and estimates of abundance and related quantities may be obtained for sample locations, groups of locations, unsampled locations. Two brief examples are given, the first involving simple point counts, and the second based on temporary removal counts. Extension of these models to open systems is briefly discussed.","language":"English","publisher":"Museu de Ciencies Naturals de Barcelona","usgsCitation":"Royle, J., 2004, Generalized estimators of avian abundance from count survey data: Animal Biodiversity and Conservation, v. 27, no. 1, p. 375-386.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"375","endPage":"386","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196077,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":16751,"rank":300,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://abc.museucienciesjournals.cat/volum-27-1-2004-abc/generalized-estimators-of-avian-abundance-from-count-survey-data/?lang=en","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b26e4b07f02db6afca2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":96221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5224429,"text":"5224429 - 2004 - Individual heterogeneity and identifiability in capture-recapture models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-27T12:09:47","indexId":"5224429","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:29","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":771,"text":"Animal Biodiversity and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Individual heterogeneity and identifiability in capture-recapture models","docAbstract":"Individual heterogeneity in detection probabilities is a far more serious problem for capture-recapture modeling than has previously been recognized. In this note, I illustrate that population size is not an identifiable parameter under the general closed population mark-recapture model Mh. The problem of identifiability is obvious if the population includes individuals with pi = 0, but persists even when it is assumed that individual detection probabilities are bounded away from zero. Identifiability may be attained within parametric families of distributions for pi, but not among parametric families of distributions. Consequently, in the presence of individual heterogeneity in detection probability, capture-recapture analysis is strongly model dependent.
","language":"English","publisher":"Museu de Ciencies Naturals de Barcelona","usgsCitation":"Link, W., 2004, Individual heterogeneity and identifiability in capture-recapture models: Animal Biodiversity and Conservation, v. 27, no. 1, p. 87-91.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"91","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196031,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":16746,"rank":300,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://abc.museucienciesjournals.cat/volum-27-1-2004-abc/individual-heterogeneity-and-identifiability-in-capture-recapture-models/?lang=en","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e477ee4b07f02db481236","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Link, W.A. 0000-0002-9913-0256","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9913-0256","contributorId":8815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Link","given":"W.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5224433,"text":"5224433 - 2004 - Costs of detection bias in index-based population monitoring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-27T11:57:14","indexId":"5224433","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:29","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":771,"text":"Animal Biodiversity and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Costs of detection bias in index-based population monitoring","docAbstract":"Managers of wildlife populations commonly rely on indirect, count-based measures of the population in making decisions regarding conservation, harvest, or control. The main appeal in the use of such counts is their low material expense compared to methods that directly measure the population. However, their correct use rests on the rarely-tested but often-assumed premise that they proportionately reflect population size, i.e., that they constitute a population index. This study investigates forest management for the endangered Red-cockaded Woodpecker (Picoides borealis) and the Wood Thrush (Hylocichla mustelina) at the Piedmont National Wildlife Refuge in central Georgia, U.S.A. Optimal decision policies for a joint species objective were derived for two alternative models of Wood Thrush population dynamics. Policies were simulated under scenarios of unbiasedness, consistent negative bias, and habitat-dependent negative bias in observed Wood Thrush densities. Differences in simulation outcomes between biased and unbiased detection scenarios indicated the expected loss in resource objectives (here, forest habitat and birds) through decision-making based on biased population counts. Given the models and objective function used in our analysis, expected losses were as great as 11%, a degree of loss perhaps not trivial for applications such as endangered species management. Our analysis demonstrates that costs of uncertainty about the relationship between the population and its observation can be measured in units of the resource, costs which may offset apparent savings achieved by collecting uncorrected population counts.","language":"English","publisher":"Museu de Ciencies Naturals de Barcelona","usgsCitation":"Moore, C., and Kendall, W., 2004, Costs of detection bias in index-based population monitoring: Animal Biodiversity and Conservation, v. 27, no. 1, p. 287-296.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"287","endPage":"296","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202028,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":16750,"rank":300,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://abc.museucienciesjournals.cat/volum-27-1-2004-abc/costs-of-detection-bias-in-index-ased-population-monitoring/?lang=en","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db68385b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, C. T. 0000-0002-6053-2880","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6053-2880","contributorId":87649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"C. T.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":341666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kendall, W. L. 0000-0003-0084-9891","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0084-9891","contributorId":32880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"W. L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224431,"text":"5224431 - 2004 - Evolution of quantitative methods for the study and management of avian populations: on the importance of individual contributions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-27T12:00:34","indexId":"5224431","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:29","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":771,"text":"Animal Biodiversity and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evolution of quantitative methods for the study and management of avian populations: on the importance of individual contributions","docAbstract":"The EURING meetings and the scientists who have attended them have contributed substantially to the growth of knowledge in the field of estimating parameters of animal populations. The contributions of David R. Anderson to process modeling, parameter estimation and decision analysis are briefly reviewed. Metrics are considered for assessing individual contributions to a field of inquiry, and it is concluded that Anderson’s contributions have been substantial. Important characteristics of Anderson and his career are the ability to identify and focus on important topics, the premium placed on dissemination of new methods to prospective users, the ability to assemble teams of complementary researchers, and the innovation and vision that characterized so much of his work. The paper concludes with a list of interesting current research topics for consideration by EURING participants.
","language":"English","publisher":"Museu de Ciencies Natural de Barcelona","usgsCitation":"Nichols, J., 2004, Evolution of quantitative methods for the study and management of avian populations: on the importance of individual contributions: Animal Biodiversity and Conservation, v. 27, no. 1, p. 3-19.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"19","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201976,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":16748,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://abc.museucienciesjournals.cat/volum-27-1-2004-abc/evolution-of-quantitative-methods-for-the-study-and-management-of-avian-populations-on-the-importance-of-individual-contributions/?lang=en","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4e22","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5224432,"text":"5224432 - 2004 - DENSITY: software for analysing capture-recapture data from passive detector arrays","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-27T11:58:47","indexId":"5224432","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:29","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":771,"text":"Animal Biodiversity and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"DENSITY: software for analysing capture-recapture data from passive detector arrays","docAbstract":"A general computer-intensive method is described for fitting spatial detection functions to capture-recapture data from arrays of passive detectors such as live traps and mist nets. The method is used to estimate the population density of 10 species of breeding birds sampled by mist-netting in deciduous forest at Patuxent Research Refuge, Laurel, Maryland, U.S.A., from 1961 to 1972. Total density (9.9 ? 0.6 ha-1 mean ? SE) appeared to decline over time (slope -0.41 ? 0.15 ha-1y-1). The mean precision of annual estimates for all 10 species pooled was acceptable (CV(D) = 14%). Spatial analysis of closed-population capture-recapture data highlighted deficiencies in non-spatial methodologies. For example, effective trapping area cannot be assumed constant when detection probability is variable. Simulation may be used to evaluate alternative designs for mist net arrays where density estimation is a study goal.","language":"English","publisher":"Museu de Ciencies Naturals de Barcelona","usgsCitation":"Efford, M., Dawson, D., and Robbins, C., 2004, DENSITY: software for analysing capture-recapture data from passive detector arrays: Animal Biodiversity and Conservation, v. 27, no. 1, p. 217-228.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"217","endPage":"228","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201791,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":16749,"rank":300,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://abc.museucienciesjournals.cat/volum-27-1-2004-abc/density-software-for-analysing-capture-recapture-data-from-passive-detector-arrays/?lang=en"}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e9c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Efford, M.G.","contributorId":13352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Efford","given":"M.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dawson, D.K. 0000-0001-7531-212X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7531-212X","contributorId":94752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"D.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robbins, C.S.","contributorId":53907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5224430,"text":"5224430 - 2004 - Computing and software","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-27T12:02:10","indexId":"5224430","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:29","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":771,"text":"Animal Biodiversity and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Computing and software","docAbstract":"The reality is that the statistical methods used for analysis of data depend upon the availability of software. Analysis of marked animal data is no different than the rest of the statistical field. The methods used for analysis are those that are available in reliable software packages. Thus, the critical importance of having reliable, up–to–date software available to biologists is obvious. Statisticians have continued to develop more robust models, ever expanding the suite of potential analysis methods
available. But without software to implement these newer methods, they will languish in the abstract, and not be applied to the problems deserving them.
In the Computers and Software Session, two new software packages are described, a comparison of implementation of methods for the estimation of nest survival is provided, and a more speculative paper about how the next generation of software might be structured is presented.
Rotella et al. (2004) compare nest survival estimation with different software packages: SAS logistic regression, SAS non–linear mixed models, and Program MARK. Nests are assumed to be visited at various, possibly infrequent, intervals. All of the approaches described compute nest survival with the same likelihood, and require that the age of the nest is known to account for nests that eventually hatch. However, each approach offers advantages and disadvantages, explored by Rotella et al. (2004).
Efford et al. (2004) present a new software package called DENSITY. The package computes population abundance and density from trapping arrays and other detection methods with a new and unique approach. DENSITY represents the first major addition to the analysis of trapping arrays in 20 years.
Barker & White (2004) discuss how existing software such as Program MARK require that each new model’s likelihood must be programmed specifically for that model. They wishfully think that future software might allow the user to combine pieces of likelihood functions together to generate estimates. The idea is interesting, and maybe some bright young statistician can work out the specifics to implement the procedure.
Choquet et al. (2004) describe MSURGE, a software package that implements the multistate capture–recapture models. The unique feature of MSURGE is that the design matrix is constructed with an interpreted language called GEMACO. Because MSURGE is limited to just multistate models, the special requirements of these likelihoods can be provided.
The software and methods presented in these papers gives biologists and wildlife managers an expanding range of possibilities for data analysis. Although ease–of–use is generally getting better, it does not replace the need for understanding of the requirements and structure of the models being computed. The internet provides access to many free software packages as well as user–discussion groups to share knowledge and ideas. (A starting point for wildlife–related applications is (http://www.phidot.org).
1. We use capture-recapture models to estimate the fraction of dormant ramets, survival and state transition rates, and to identify factors affecting these rates, for the terrestrial orchid Cypripedium reginae. We studied two populations in West Virginia, USA, for 11 years and investigated relationships between grazing and demography. Abe Run's population was small, with moderate herbivory by deer and relatively constant population size. The population at Big Draft was of medium size, with heavy deer grazing, and a sharply declining number of flowering plants up to the spring before our study started, when the population was fenced.
2. We observed dormant episodes lasting from 1 to 4 years. At Abe Run and Big Draft, 32.5% and 7.4% of ramets, respectively, were dormant at least once during the study period for an average of 1.6 and 1.3 years, respectively. We estimated the annual fraction of ramets in the dormant state at 12.3% (95% CI 9.5-15.8%) at Abe Run and at 1.8% (95% CI 1.2-2.6%) at Big Draft. Transition rates between the dormant, vegetative and flowering life-states did not vary between years in either population. Most surviving ramets remained in the same state from one year to the next. Survival rates were constant at Abe Run (0.96, 95% CI 0.93-0.97), but varied between years at Big Draft (0.89-0.99, mean 0.95).
3. At Big Draft, we found neither a temporal trend in survival after cessation of grazing, nor relationships between survival and the number of spring frost days or cumulative precipitation during the current or the previous 12 months. However, analysis of precipitation on a 3-month basis revealed a positive relationship between survival and precipitation during the spring (March-May) of the previous year. 4. Relationship between climate and the population dynamics of orchids may have to be studied with a fine temporal resolution, and considering possible time lags. Capture-recapture modelling provides a comprehensive and flexible framework for demographic analysis of plants with dormancy.
4. Relationship between climate and the population dynamics of orchids may have to be studied with a fine temporal resolution, and considering possible time lags. Capture-recapture modelling provides a comprehensive and flexible framework for demographic analysis of plants with dormancy.
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Virginia\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"92","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-07-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab2e4b07f02db66ed7c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kery, Marc","contributorId":38680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kery","given":"Marc","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gregg, Katharine B.","contributorId":41118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gregg","given":"Katharine","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224386,"text":"5224386 - 2004 - Reduced fecundity in small populations of the rare plant Gentianopsis ciliate (Gentianaceae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-18T16:36:34.252767","indexId":"5224386","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:13:22","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3084,"text":"Plant Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Reduced fecundity in small populations of the rare plant Gentianopsis ciliate (Gentianaceae)","title":"Reduced fecundity in small populations of the rare plant Gentianopsis ciliate (Gentianaceae)","docAbstract":"Habitat destruction is the main cause for the biodiversity crisis. Surviving populations are often fragmented, i.e., small and isolated from each other. Reproduction of plants in small populations is often reduced, and this has been attributed to inbreeding depression, reduced attractiveness for pollinators, and reduced habitat quality in small populations. Here we present data on the effects of fragmentation on the rare, self-compatible perennial herb Gentianopsis ciliata (Gentianaceae), a species with very small and presumably well-dispersed seeds. We studied the relationship between population size, plant size, and the number of flowers produced in 63 populations from 1996-1998. In one of the years, leaf and flower size and the number of seeds produced per fruit was studied in a subset of 25 populations. Plant size, flower size, and the number of seeds per fruit and per plant increased with population size, whereas leaf length and the number of flowers per plant did not. The effects of population size on reproduction and on flower size remained significant if the effects were adjusted for differences in plant size, indicating that they could not be explained by differences in habitat quality. The strongly reduced reproduction in small populations may be due to pollination limitation, while the reduced flower size could indicate genetic effects.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1055/s-2004-830331","usgsCitation":"Kery, M., and Matthies, D., 2004, Reduced fecundity in small populations of the rare plant Gentianopsis ciliate (Gentianaceae): Plant Biology, v. 6, no. 6, p. 683-688, https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2004-830331.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"683","endPage":"688","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202295,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2fe4b07f02db615dbf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kery, M.","contributorId":46637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kery","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matthies, D.","contributorId":48678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matthies","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224308,"text":"5224308 - 2004 - Contaminant exposure and reproductive success of Ospreys (Pandion haliaetus) nesting in Chesapeake Bay regions of concern","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-26T14:02:22","indexId":"5224308","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:13:21","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contaminant exposure and reproductive success of Ospreys (Pandion haliaetus) nesting in Chesapeake Bay regions of concern","docAbstract":"The Chesapeake Bay osprey population has more than doubled in size since restrictions were placed on the production and use of DDT and other toxic organochlorine contaminants in the 1970s. Ospreys are now nesting in the most highly polluted portions of the Bay. In 2000 and 2001, contaminant exposure and reproduction were monitored in ospreys nesting in regions of concern, including Baltimore Harbor and the Patapsco River, the Anacostia and middle Potomac rivers, and the Elizabeth River, and a presumed reference site consisting of the South, West, and Rhode rivers. A 'sample egg' from each study nest was collected for contaminant analysis, and the fate of eggs remaining in each nest (n = 14-16/site) was monitored at 7- to 10-day intervals from egg incubation through fledging of young. Ospreys fledged young in regions of concern (observed success: 0.88 -1.53 fledglings/active nest), although productivity was marginal for sustaining local populations in Baltimore Harbor and the Patapsco River and in the Anacostia and middle Potomac rivers. Concentrations of p,p'DDE and many other organochlorine pesticides or metabolites, total PCBs, some arylhydrocarbon receptor-active PCB congeners and polybrominated diphenyl ether congeners, and perfluorooctanesulfonate were often greater in sample eggs from regions of concern compared to the reference site. Nonetheless, logistic regression analyses did not provide evidence linking marginal productivity to p,p' -DDE, total PCBs, or arylhydrocarbon receptor-active PCB congener exposure in regions of concern. In view of the moderate concentrations of total PCBs in eggs from the reference site, concerns related to new and emerging toxicants, and the absence of ecotoxicological data for terrestrial vertebrates in many Bay tributaries, a more thorough spatial evaluation of contaminant exposure in ospreys throughout the Chesapeake may be warranted.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00244-003-3160-0","usgsCitation":"Rattner, B., McGowan, P.C., Golden, N.H., Hatfield, J., Toschik, P.C., Lukei, R., Hale, R., Schmitz-Afonso, I., and Rice, C., 2004, Contaminant exposure and reproductive success of Ospreys (Pandion haliaetus) nesting in Chesapeake Bay regions of concern: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 47, no. 1, p. 126-140, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-003-3160-0.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"126","endPage":"140","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201508,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db697216","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":95843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett A.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":341224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGowan, P. C.","contributorId":67191,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGowan","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Golden, N. H.","contributorId":55541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golden","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hatfield, Jeff S.","contributorId":41372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatfield","given":"Jeff S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Toschik, P. C.","contributorId":18879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toschik","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lukei, R.F. Jr.","contributorId":39909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lukei","given":"R.F.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hale, R. C.","contributorId":11309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hale","given":"R. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Schmitz-Afonso, I.","contributorId":61134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitz-Afonso","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Rice, C.P.","contributorId":81065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"C.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":5221159,"text":"5221159 - 2004 - Assessing the fit of site-occupancy models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-30T15:31:31.262398","indexId":"5221159","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2151,"text":"Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the fit of site-occupancy models","docAbstract":"Few species are likely to be so evident that they will always be detected at a site when present. Recently a model has been developed that enables estimation of the proportion of area occupied, when the target species is not detected with certainty. Here we apply this modeling approach to data collected on terrestrial salamanders in the Plethodon glutinosus complex in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA, and wish to address the question 'how accurately does the fitted model represent the data?' The goodness-of-fit of the model needs to be assessed in order to make accurate inferences. This article presents a method where a simple Pearson chi-square statistic is calculated and a parametric bootstrap procedure is used to determine whether the observed statistic is unusually large. We found evidence that the most global model considered provides a poor fit to the data, hence estimated an overdispersion factor to adjust model selection procedures and inflate standard errors. Two hypothetical datasets with known assumption violations are also analyzed, illustrating that the method may be used to guide researchers to making appropriate inferences. The results of a simulation study are presented to provide a broader view of the methods properties.
","language":"English","publisher":"SpringerLink","doi":"10.1198/108571104X3361","usgsCitation":"MacKenzie, D., and Bailey, L., 2004, Assessing the fit of site-occupancy models: Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics, v. 9, no. 3, p. 300-318, https://doi.org/10.1198/108571104X3361.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"300","endPage":"318","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193984,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Great Smoky Mountains National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.968505859375,\n 35.29943548054545\n ],\n [\n -83.0126953125,\n 35.29943548054545\n ],\n [\n -83.0126953125,\n 35.746512259918504\n ],\n [\n -83.968505859375,\n 35.746512259918504\n ],\n [\n -83.968505859375,\n 35.29943548054545\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672a37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"MacKenzie, D.I.","contributorId":69522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacKenzie","given":"D.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bailey, L.L. 0000-0002-5959-2018","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5959-2018","contributorId":61006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"L.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224314,"text":"5224314 - 2004 - Susceptibility of the leaf-eating beetle, Galerucella calmariensis, a biological control agent for purple loosestrife (Lythrum salcaria), to three mosquito control larvicides","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-16T20:42:40","indexId":"5224314","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Susceptibility of the leaf-eating beetle, Galerucella calmariensis, a biological control agent for purple loosestrife (Lythrum salcaria), to three mosquito control larvicides","docAbstract":"We evaluated the susceptibility of Galerucella calmariensis, a species used to control purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria), to three mosquito control larvicides. Larvae and adults were fed loosestrife cuttings dipped in Abate? (<375 g?L-1), Altosid? (<250 g?L-1), and Bacillus thuringiensis var israeliensis (Bti) (<110 g?L-1). Eggs on cuttings were dipped in the same concentrations. Pupae were immersed in Abate and Altosid solutions (<474.4 ug?L-1 and <1,169.2 ug?L-1, respectively). Hatching success of eggs dipped in Abate (>3.75 g?L-1) was reduced significantly and survival was significantly lower among larvae and adults eating cuttings dipped in Abate (>0.17 g?L-1 and >2.27 g?L-1, respectively). Hatching success of eggs dipped in Altosid (>2.52 g?L-1) was reduced significantly. With exposure to Altosid, larval survival to pupation and adult emergence was reduced significantly at concentrations of >2.92 g?L-1 and >0.63 g?L-1, respectively. Altosid (>0.23 g?L-1) also delayed the onset of pupation and adult emergence among larvae that survived to pupate. Larvae that survived with exposure to Altosid (>1.72 g?L-1) grew to 70% larger than those exposed to lower concentrations. Pupal survival was unaffected with exposure to Abate and Altosid and adult survival was unaffected with exposure to Altosid. Bacillus thuringiensis var israeliensis did not adversely affect any life stage of G. calmariensis. The mean Abate concentration on cuttings exposed to operational spraying was in the range that reduced egg hatchability and adult survival but was higher than concentrations that caused complete mortality of larvae. The mean Altosid concentration on cuttings exposed to operational spraying was in the range that reduced hatching success in eggs and delayed pupation and adult emergence of larvae.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1897/03-92","collaboration":"6166_Lowe.pdf","usgsCitation":"Lowe, T., and Hershberger, T., 2004, Susceptibility of the leaf-eating beetle, Galerucella calmariensis, a biological control agent for purple loosestrife (Lythrum salcaria), to three mosquito control larvicides: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 23, no. 7, p. 1662-1671, https://doi.org/10.1897/03-92.","productDescription":"1662-1671","startPage":"1662","endPage":"1671","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":17465,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122678202/abstract","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":201987,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":265782,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1897/03-92"}],"volume":"23","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db68802e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lowe, T. P.","contributorId":26028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowe","given":"T. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hershberger, T.D.","contributorId":38679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hershberger","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70159591,"text":"70159591 - 2004 - Effects of management practices on grassland birds: Greater Sage-Grouse","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-09T13:35:23","indexId":"70159591","displayToPublicDate":"2010-02-02T05:15:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Effects of management practices on grassland birds: Greater Sage-Grouse","docAbstract":"Information on the habitat requirements and effects of habitat management on Greater Sage-Grouse was summarized from information in more than 5,500 published and unpublished papers. A range map is provided to indicate the current range of Greater Sage-Grouse (adapted from Schroeder et al. 2004). Although birds may be observed outside the breeding range indicated, the maps are intended to show areas where managers might concentrate their attention. It may be ineffectual to manage habitat at a site for a species that rarely occurs in an area. The species account begins with a brief capsule statement, which provides the fundamental components or keys to management for the species. A section on breeding range outlines the current breeding distribution of the species in North America. The suitable habitat section describes the breeding habitat and occasionally microhabitat characteristics of the species. Details on habitat and microhabitat requirements often provide clues to how a species will respond to a particular management practice. A table near the end of the account complements the section on suitable habitat, and lists the specific habitat characteristics for the species by individual studies. A special section on prey habitat is included for those predatory species that have more specific prey requirements. The area requirements section provides details on territory and home range sizes, minimum area requirements, and the effects of patch size, edges, and other landscape and habitat features on abundance and productivity. It may be futile to manage a small block of suitable habitat for a species that has minimum area requirements that are larger than the area being managed. The Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) is an obligate brood parasite of many grassland birds. The section on cowbird brood parasitism summarizes rates of cowbird parasitism, host responses to parasitism, and factors that influence parasitism, such as nest concealment and host density. The impact of management depends, in part, upon a species’ nesting phenology and biology. The section on breeding-season phenology and site fidelity includes details on spring arrival and fall departure for migratory populations, peak breeding periods, the tendency to renest after nest failure or success, and the propensity to return to a previous breeding site. The duration and timing of breeding varies among regions and years. Species’ response to management summarizes the current knowledge and major findings in the literature on the effects of different management practices on the species. The section on management recommendations complements the previous section and summarizes specific recommendations for habitat management provided in the literature. If management recommendations differ in different portions of the species’ breeding range, recommendations are given separately by region. The literature cited contains references to published and unpublished literature on the management effects and habitat requirements of the species. This section is not meant to be a complete bibliography; a searchable, annotated bibliography of published and unpublished papers dealing with habitat needs of shrub-steppe birds and their responses to habitat management is posted at the Web site mentioned below.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Jamestown, ND","doi":"10.3133/70159591","usgsCitation":"Rowland, M., 2004, Effects of management practices on grassland birds: Greater Sage-Grouse, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70159591.","productDescription":"44 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312082,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70159591/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":311159,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70159591.JPG"}],"country":"United States, Canada","state":"Oregon, Washington, California, Nevada, Idaho, Montana, Utah, Wyoming, Colorado, North Dakota, South Dakota, Alberta, Saskatchewan","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.841796875,\n 50.98609893339354\n ],\n [\n -103.22753906249999,\n 50.56928286558243\n ],\n [\n -102.6123046875,\n 49.38237278700955\n ],\n [\n -102.65625,\n 44.68427737181225\n ],\n [\n -102.568359375,\n 42.45588764197166\n ],\n [\n -103.9306640625,\n 41.77131167976407\n ],\n [\n -103.9306640625,\n 40.245991504199026\n ],\n [\n -103.974609375,\n 39.605688178320804\n ],\n [\n -104.4580078125,\n 38.685509760012\n ],\n [\n -106.875,\n 38.5825261593533\n ],\n [\n -108.984375,\n 38.272688535980976\n ],\n [\n -110.74218749999999,\n 37.33522435930641\n ],\n [\n -112.06054687499999,\n 36.491973470593685\n ],\n [\n -113.37890625,\n 36.63316209558658\n ],\n [\n -117.68554687499999,\n 37.71859032558816\n ],\n [\n -119.2236328125,\n 37.43997405227057\n ],\n [\n -121.5087890625,\n 38.34165619279593\n ],\n [\n -122.25585937500001,\n 42.391008609205045\n ],\n [\n -122.56347656249999,\n 44.715513732021336\n ],\n [\n -121.33300781249999,\n 48.10743118848039\n ],\n [\n -120.62988281249999,\n 48.42920055556841\n ],\n [\n -118.38867187500001,\n 47.517200697839414\n ],\n [\n -116.3671875,\n 47.338822694822\n ],\n [\n -107.841796875,\n 50.98609893339354\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56432344e4b0aafbcd017ff2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rowland, Mary M.","contributorId":67411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowland","given":"Mary M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70159590,"text":"70159590 - 2004 - Effects of management practices on grassland birds: Golden eagle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-17T08:49:29","indexId":"70159590","displayToPublicDate":"2010-02-01T01:15:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Effects of management practices on grassland birds: Golden eagle","docAbstract":"Information on the habitat requirements and effects of habitat management on grassland birds were summarized from information in more than 4,000 published and unpublished papers. A range map is provided to the breeding, year-round, and nonbreeding ranges in the United States and southern Canada. Although birds frequently are observed outside the breeding range indicated, the maps are intended to show areas where managers might concentrate their attention. It may be ineffectual to manage habitat at a site for a species that rarely occurs in an area. The species account begins with a brief capsule statement, which provides the fundamental components or keys to management for the species. A section on breeding range outlines the current breeding distribution of the species in North America. The suitable habitat section describes the breeding habitat and occasionally microhabitat characteristics of the species, especially those habitats that occur in the Great Plains. Details on habitat and microhabitat requirements often provide clues to how a species will respond to a particular management practice. A table near the end of the account complements the section on suitable habitat, and lists the specific habitat characteristics for the species by individual studies. A special section on prey habitat is included for those predatory species that have more specific prey requirements. The area requirements section provides details on territory and home range sizes, minimum area requirements, and the effects of patch size, edges, and other landscape and habitat features on abundance and productivity. It may be futile to manage a small block of suitable habitat for a species that has minimum area requirements that are larger than the area being managed. The Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) is an obligate brood parasite of many grassland birds. The section on cowbird brood parasitism summarizes rates of cowbird parasitism, host responses to parasitism, and factors that influence parasitism, such as nest concealment and host density. The impact of management depends, in part, upon a species’ nesting phenology and biology. The section on breeding-season phenology and site fidelity includes details on spring arrival and fall departure for migratory populations in the Great Plains, peak breeding periods, the tendency to renest after nest failure or success, and the propensity to return to a previous breeding site. The duration and timing of breeding varies among regions and years. Species’ response to management summarizes the current knowledge and major findings in the literature on the effects of different management practices on the species. The section on management recommendations complements the previous section and summarizes specific recommendations for habitat management provided in the literature. If management recommendations differ in different portions of the species’ breeding range, recommendations are given separately by region. The literature cited contains references to published and unpublished literature on the management effects and habitat requirements of the species. This section is not meant to be a complete bibliography; a searchable, annotated bibliography of published and unpublished papers dealing with habitat needs of grassland birds and their responses to habitat management is posted at the Web site mentioned below.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Effects of management practices on grassland birds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","publisherLocation":"Jamestown, ND","doi":"10.3133/70159590","usgsCitation":"DeLong, J.P., 2004, Effects of management practices on grassland birds: Golden eagle, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70159590.","productDescription":"22 p.","numberOfPages":"25","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311158,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70159590.JPG"},{"id":312413,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70159590/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56432344e4b0aafbcd017fed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeLong, John P. 0000-0003-0558-8213","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0558-8213","contributorId":149794,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeLong","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12505,"text":"University of Nebraska - Lincoln","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5200286,"text":"5200286 - 2004 - Mute swans and their Chesapeake Bay habitats: proceedings of a symposium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-15T13:25:23.651773","indexId":"5200286","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T10:33:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":37,"text":"Information and Technology Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"2004-0005.","title":"Mute swans and their Chesapeake Bay habitats: proceedings of a symposium","docAbstract":"The symposium 'Mute Swans and their Chesapeake Bay Habitats,' held on June 7, 2001, provided a forum for biologists and managers to share research findings and management ideas concerning the exotic and invasive mute swan (Cygnus olar). This species has been increasing in population size and is considered by many to be a problem in regard to natural food resources in the Bay that are used by native waterfowl during the winter months. Other persons, however, feel that resource managers are attempting to create a problem to justify more killing of waterfowl by hunters. Some persons also believe that managers should focus on the larger issues causing the decline of native food resources, such as the unabated human population increase in the Bay watershed and in the immediate coastal areas of the Bay. The symposium, sponsored by the Wildfowl Trust of North America and the U.S. Geological Survey, provided the atmosphere for presentation of mute swan data and opinions in a collegial setting where discussion was welcomed and was often informative and enthusiastic. An interesting historic review of the swan in regard to the history of mankind was presented, followed by a discussion on the positive and negative effects of invasive species. Biologists from different parts of the continent discussed the population status of the species in several states in the east and in the Great Lakes area. Data on the food habits of this species were presented in regard to submerged aquatic vegetation, and an interesting discussion on the role that the food habits of Canada geese in regard to native vegetation was presented. Findings and recommendations of the Mute Swan Task Force were presented. Finally, a representative of the Friends of Animals gave a thought-provoking presentation in defense of the mute swan. The presentations, in general, provided the necessary information and recommendations to allow managers to proceed with management of this controversial species with new and valuable perspectives.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"2004, Mute swans and their Chesapeake Bay habitats: proceedings of a symposium: Information and Technology Report 2004-0005., vii, 59.","productDescription":"vii, 59","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201079,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.11328125,\n 36.94111143010769\n ],\n [\n -75.992431640625,\n 37.155938651244625\n ],\n [\n -75.87158203125,\n 37.53586597792038\n ],\n [\n -75.640869140625,\n 37.95286091815649\n ],\n [\n -75.87158203125,\n 37.98750437106374\n ],\n [\n -75.772705078125,\n 38.12159327165922\n ],\n [\n -75.8551025390625,\n 38.406253794852674\n ],\n [\n -76.09130859375,\n 39.05758374935667\n ],\n [\n -75.860595703125,\n 39.57605638518604\n ],\n [\n -75.9539794921875,\n 39.614152077002664\n ],\n [\n -76.2890625,\n 39.48284540453334\n ],\n [\n -76.717529296875,\n 39.23650795487107\n ],\n [\n -76.61865234374999,\n 38.50519140240356\n ],\n [\n -77.05810546875,\n 38.371808917147554\n ],\n [\n -77.05810546875,\n 38.182068998322094\n ],\n [\n -76.57470703125,\n 37.38761749978395\n ],\n [\n -76.5966796875,\n 37.23470197166817\n ],\n [\n -76.47033691406249,\n 36.86643755175846\n ],\n [\n -76.11328125,\n 36.94111143010769\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b02e4b07f02db698a02","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Perry, Matthew C. 0000-0001-6452-9534","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6452-9534","contributorId":16372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Matthew C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505867,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5230275,"text":"5230275 - 2004 - A guide to constructing and understanding synonymies for mammalian species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-01T15:43:55.345996","indexId":"5230275","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T10:33:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2654,"text":"Mammalian Species","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"seriesNumber":"No. 739","title":"A guide to constructing and understanding synonymies for mammalian species","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.1644/739","usgsCitation":"Gardner, A.L., and Hayssen, V., 2004, A guide to constructing and understanding synonymies for mammalian species: Mammalian Species, no. 739, p. 1-17, https://doi.org/10.1644/739.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"17","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477999,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1644/739","text":"External Repository"},{"id":202596,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"739","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae56c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gardner, A. L.","contributorId":97213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"A.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayssen, V.","contributorId":12162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayssen","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5230276,"text":"5230276 - 2004 - Cryptotis meridensis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-11T11:56:11.654631","indexId":"5230276","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T10:33:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2654,"text":"Mammalian Species","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cryptotis meridensis","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
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Our meta-analysis followed rigorous a priori analysis protocols, which we derived through extensive discussion during a week-long analysis workshop. Because there is great interest in the owl?s population status, we used state-of-the-art analytical methods to obtain results as precise as possible. Our meta-analysis included data from five California study areas located on the Lassen National Forest (1990-2000), Eldorado National Forest (1986-2000), Sierra National Forest (1990-2000), Sequoia and Kings Canyon national parks (1990-2000), and San Bernardino National Forest (1987-1998). Four of the five study areas spanned the length of the Sierra Nevada, whereas the fifth study area encompassed the San Bernardino Mountains in southern California. Study areas ranged in size from 343 km2 (Sequoia and Kings Canyon) to 2,200 km (Lassen). All studies were designed to use capture-recapture methods and analysis. We used survival in a meta-analysis because field methods were very similar among studies. However, we did not use reproduction in a meta-analysis because it was not clear if variation among individual study-area protocols used to assess reproductive output of owls would confound results. Thus, we analyzed fecundity only by individual study area. We examined population trend using the reparameterized Jolly-Seber capture-recapture estimator (8t) We did not estimate juvenile survival rates because of estimation problems and potential bias because of juvenile emigration from study areas. We used mark-recapture estimators under an information theoretic framework to assess apparent survival rates of adult owls. The pooled estimate for adult apparent survival for the five study areas was 0.833, which was lower than pooled adult survival rates (0.850) from 15 Northern Spotted Owl (S. o. caurina) studies. Estimates of survival from the best model on the Lassen (N = 0.829, 95% confidence intervals [CI = 0.798 to 0.857), Eldorado (N = 0.815, 95% CI = 0.772 to 0.851), Sierra (N = 0.818, 95% CI = 0.781 to 0.850), and San Bernardino (N = 0.813, 95% CI = 0.782 to 0.841) were not different. However, the Sequoia and Kings Canyon population had a higher survival rate (N = 0.877, 95% CI = 0.842 to 0.905) than the other study areas. Management history and forest structure (e.g. presence of giant sequoia [Sequoiadendron giganteum]) on the Sequoia and Kings Canyon study area differed from all other study areas. There appears to be little or no evidence for temporal variation in adult apparent survival on any of the study areas. Although we did not directly compare fecundity estimates were highly variable among years within all study areas (CV of temporal process variation = 0.672-0.817). Estimates for fecundity among the study populations were Lassen (b = 0.336, SE = 0.083), Eldorado (b = 0.409, SE = 0.087), Sierra (b = 0.284, SE = 0.073), Sequoia and Kings Canyon (b = 0.289, SE = 0.074), and San Bernardino (b = 0.362, SE = 0.038). During most years, the Sierra Nevada populations showed either moderate or poor fecundity. However, 1992 appeared to be an exceptional reproductive year for owls in the Sierra Nevada. In contrast, the San Bernardino population had less variable reproduction (CV of temporal process variation = 0.217), but experienced neither the exceptional reproduction of 1992 nor the extremely poor years that characterized all of the Sierra Nevada study areas. Because fecundity may be influenced by weather patterns, it was possible that the different weather patterns between southern California and the Sierra Nevada accounted for that difference. Except for Eldorado, all estimates for 8t, were <1.0, but none was different from 8 = 1.0 given the 95% confidence i","language":"English","collaboration":" PDF on file: 6132_Franklin.pdf","usgsCitation":"Franklin, A., Gutierrez, R.J., Nichols, J., Seamans, M., White, G.C., Zimmerman, G., Hines, J., Munton, T., LaHaye, W., Blakesley, J., Steger, G., Noon, B., Shaw, D., Keane, J., McDonald, T.L., and Britting, S., 2004, Population dynamics of the California Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis occidentalis): a meta-analysis: Ornithological Monographs No. 54., 54.","productDescription":"54","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202683,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db683f58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Franklin, A.B.","contributorId":105667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franklin","given":"A.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gutierrez, R. 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The data were collected as part of long-term monitoring projects of the Northeast Region of the Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI) of the U.S. Geological Survey. Water samples were analyzed for temperature, specific conductance, pH, dissolved-oxygen concentration, acid-neutralizing capacity, and concentrations of total Kjeldahl nitrogen and total phosphorus; in 2004, samples also were analyzed for nitrite plus nitrate concentrations and total nitrogen concentrations. Field and laboratory analytical results of water samples and quality-assurance information are presented. Amphibian population data include the presence of amphibian species and the maximum number of egg masses of wood frogs and spotted salamanders at vernal pools, and counts of amphibians made during stream transect and stream quadrat surveys.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey.","collaboration":" PDF on file: 6398_Rice.pdf 2.3 MB","usgsCitation":"Rice, K., and Jung, R., 2004, Water-quality and amphibian population data for Maryland, Washington, D.C., and Virginia, 2001-2004: Open-File Report 2004-1401., 45.","productDescription":"45","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202810,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e72ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rice, K.C. 0000-0002-9356-5443","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9356-5443","contributorId":85166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"K.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jung, R.E.","contributorId":66213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jung","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5230274,"text":"5230274 - 2004 - On the relationships of 'Marmosa' formosa Shamel, 1930 (Marsupialia: Didelphidae), a phylogenetic puzzle from the Chaco of northern Argentina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-16T15:34:21","indexId":"5230274","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:33:22","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":154,"text":"American Museum Novitates","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"title":"On the relationships of 'Marmosa' formosa Shamel, 1930 (Marsupialia: Didelphidae), a phylogenetic puzzle from the Chaco of northern Argentina","docAbstract":"The holotype and only known specimen of Marmosa formosa Shamel, a nominal species currently synonymized with Gracilinanus agilis Burmeister, is strikingly unlike any other known didelphid marsupial. Phylogenetic analyses based on nonmolecular characters and IRBP sequences suggest that formosa is either the sister-taxon of Thylamys (including Lestodelphys) or Monodelphis. Because neither alternative is strongly supported by the data at hand, and because including formosa in Thylamys or in Monodelphis would compromise the diagnosability of those taxa, a new genus?Chacodelphys?is proposed to contain it. Currently known only from northern Argentina, Chacodelphys formosa may be widely distributed in the Chaco and other adjacent Neotropical biomes.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Museum of Natural History","doi":"10.1206/0003-0082(2004)442<0001:OTROMF>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Voss, R.S., Gardner, A.L., and Jansa, S.A., 2004, On the relationships of 'Marmosa' formosa Shamel, 1930 (Marsupialia: Didelphidae), a phylogenetic puzzle from the Chaco of northern Argentina: American Museum Novitates, v. 3442, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2004)442<0001:OTROMF>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"18 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478001,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2004)442<0001:OTROMF>2.0.CO;2","text":"External Repository"},{"id":202595,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3442","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af3e4b07f02db691c01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Voss, Robert S.","contributorId":173732,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Voss","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gardner, Afred L.","contributorId":111665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"Afred","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jansa, Sharon A.","contributorId":173733,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jansa","given":"Sharon","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5211250,"text":"5211250 - 2004 - Exploitation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:27","indexId":"5211250","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:19","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesNumber":"1","title":"Exploitation","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bird Ecology and Conservation - A Handbook of Techniques","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","publisherLocation":"Oxford and New York","collaboration":"0-19-852085-9 hb ; 0-19-852086-7 paperback PDF on file: 6160_Runge.pdf","usgsCitation":"Runge, M., Kendall, W., and Nichols, J., 2004, Exploitation, chap. of Bird Ecology and Conservation - A Handbook of Techniques, p. 303-328.","productDescription":"xv, 386","startPage":"303","endPage":"328","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203085,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a06e4b07f02db5f8d72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Runge, M.C. 0000-0002-8081-536X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-536X","contributorId":49312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runge","given":"M.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":330504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kendall, W. 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