{"pageNumber":"2663","pageRowStart":"66550","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184563,"records":[{"id":69908,"text":"sim2816 - 2004 - Geologic map of the Hebgen Lake quadrangle, Beaverhead, Madison, and Gallatin counties, Montana, Park and Teton counties, Wyoming, and Clark and Fremont counties, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-12T08:49:16","indexId":"sim2816","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2816","title":"Geologic map of the Hebgen Lake quadrangle, Beaverhead, Madison, and Gallatin counties, Montana, Park and Teton counties, Wyoming, and Clark and Fremont counties, Idaho","docAbstract":"The geology of the Hebgen Lake Quadrangle was mapped as part of an Ongoing research effort by the USGS to understand the geologic framework of the area in and around Yellowstone National Park.  Prior to 1965 the regional geology was known only from reconnaissance surveys.  Two important components of this effort are an evaluation of (1) the seismic risk hazard and (2) the mineral resource potential.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/sim2816","isbn":"0607967773","usgsCitation":"O’Neill, J.M., and Christiansen, R.L., 2004, Geologic map of the Hebgen Lake quadrangle, Beaverhead, Madison, and Gallatin counties, Montana, Park and Teton counties, Wyoming, and Clark and Fremont counties, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2816, 1 map : col. ; 56 x 79 cm., on sheet 81 x 156 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2816.","productDescription":"1 map : col. ; 56 x 79 cm., on sheet 81 x 156 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110474,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_62796.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"62796"},{"id":188517,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6262,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2004/2816/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator, zone 12","datum":"1927 North American datum","country":"United States","state":"Idaho;Montana;Wyoming","county":"Beaverhead County;Clark County;Fremont County;Gallatin County;Madison County;Park County;Teton County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.0,44.5 ], [ -112.0,45.0 ], [ -111.0,45.0 ], [ -111.0,44.5 ], [ -112.0,44.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db696995","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Neill, J. Michael jmoneill@usgs.gov","contributorId":99522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neill","given":"J.","email":"jmoneill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Christiansen, Robert L. 0000-0002-8017-3918 rchris@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8017-3918","contributorId":4412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christiansen","given":"Robert","email":"rchris@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":69881,"text":"ds93 - 2004 - Archive of digital Boomer seismic reflection data collected during USGS Cruises 94CCT01 and 95CCT01, eastern Texas and western Louisiana, 1994 and 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:34","indexId":"ds93","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93","title":"Archive of digital Boomer seismic reflection data collected during USGS Cruises 94CCT01 and 95CCT01, eastern Texas and western Louisiana, 1994 and 1995","docAbstract":"In June of 1994 and August and September of 1995, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the University of Texas Bureau of Economic Geology, conducted geophysical surveys of the Sabine and Calcasieu Lake areas and the Gulf of Mexico offshore eastern Texas and western Louisiana. This report serves as an archive of unprocessed digital boomer seismic reflection data, trackline maps, navigation files, observers' logbooks, GIS information, and formal FGDC metadata. In addition, a filtered and gained GIF image of each seismic profile is provided. \r\nThe archived trace data are in standard Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG) SEG-Y format (Barry and others, 1975) and may be downloaded and processed with commercial or public domain software such as Seismic Unix (SU). Examples of SU processing scripts and in-house (USGS) software for viewing SEG-Y files (Zihlman, 1992) are also provided. Processed profile images, trackline maps, navigation files, and formal metadata may be viewed with a web browser. Scanned handwritten logbooks and Field Activity Collection System (FACS) logs may be viewed with Adobe Reader.\r\n\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ds93","isbn":"0607980532","usgsCitation":"Calderon, K., Dadisman, S.V., Kindinger, J.L., Flocks, J.G., Morton, R., and Wiese, D.S., 2004, Archive of digital Boomer seismic reflection data collected during USGS Cruises 94CCT01 and 95CCT01, eastern Texas and western Louisiana, 1994 and 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 93, 1 DVD-ROM : ill., col. maps ; 4 3/4 in. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ds93.","productDescription":"1 DVD-ROM : ill., col. maps ; 4 3/4 in. ","temporalStart":"1994-06-27","temporalEnd":"1995-09-06","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":191599,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9271,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2004/93/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.0130,29.4403 ], [ -94.0130,30.0272 ], [ -92.9187,30.0272 ], [ -92.9187,29.4403 ], [ -94.0130,29.4403 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db679be5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Calderon, Karynna","contributorId":92739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calderon","given":"Karynna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dadisman, Shawn V. sdadisman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dadisman","given":"Shawn","email":"sdadisman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":281430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kindinger, Jack L. jkindinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kindinger","given":"Jack","email":"jkindinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":281428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Flocks, James G. 0000-0002-6177-7433 jflocks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6177-7433","contributorId":816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flocks","given":"James","email":"jflocks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Morton, Robert A.","contributorId":88333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"Robert A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wiese, Dana S. dwiese@usgs.gov","contributorId":2476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiese","given":"Dana","email":"dwiese@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":69907,"text":"i2794 - 2004 - Geologic map of the Bereghinya Planitia quadrangle (V-8), Venus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:49","indexId":"i2794","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2794","title":"Geologic map of the Bereghinya Planitia quadrangle (V-8), Venus","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/i2794","isbn":"0607961503","usgsCitation":"McGill, G.E., 2004, Geologic map of the Bereghinya Planitia quadrangle (V-8), Venus: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2794, 1 map : col. ; 53 x 61 cm., on sheet 89 x 111 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm. + 1 pamphlet (17 p. ; 28 cm.), https://doi.org/10.3133/i2794.","productDescription":"1 map : col. ; 53 x 61 cm., on sheet 89 x 111 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm. + 1 pamphlet (17 p. ; 28 cm.)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":191845,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6227,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/i2794/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"5000000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b0de4b07f02db69f4bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGill, George E.","contributorId":47462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGill","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":69901,"text":"wri034100 - 2004 - Chemical quality of base flow in 18 selected streams in the upper Susquehanna River basin, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-07T18:36:16.487943","indexId":"wri034100","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4100","title":"Chemical quality of base flow in 18 selected streams in the upper Susquehanna River basin, New York","docAbstract":"<p>The base-flow and runoff components of total streamflow at four selected sites in the upper Susquehanna River Basin in New York were calculated through hydrograph-separation techniques from long-term (1941-93) discharge records. Base flow was found to constitute more than 60 percent of the total annual flow of each stream. Base-flow samples were then collected at 18 stream sites several times during 2001 to define the chemical quality of base flow. The concentrations of selected common ions, nutrients, and pesticides were plotted in relation to the amount of agricultural land and carbonate bedrock in the drainage basin upstream of each site. Sites were selected at locations distant from and unaffected by development and urban areas. Twelve of the sites were again sampled in November 2001 for pesticide analysis.</p>\n<p>The predominant cations detected in the samples were calcium, magnesium, and sodium; the major anions were chloride, sulfate, and bicarbonate. The predominant nutrient was nitrate. Higher nitrate concentrations in the winter samples than in the summer samples are attributed to the seasonal decrease in plant growth and microbial activity in the streams during the winter, which allows nitrate to persist in the stream water. Lower nitrate concentrations in the summer samples probably result from nitrogen uptake by vegetation and microbial activity in the streams.</p>\n<p>Base-flow samples from the agricultural, carbonate-rich northern part of the study area had higher concentrations of most inorganic chemical constituents than those from the forested, noncarbonate (shale, siltstone, and sandstone) central and southern parts. The highest nitrate concentrations were in samples from subbasins dominated by agricultural land, and the lowest were in subbasins dominated by forest. The concentrations in samples from subbasins with forested as well as agricultural land were intermediate.</p>\n<p>Six pesticides were detected in samples from 10 of the 12 sites. All were herbicides. The highest concentrations of pesticides, and the most frequent pesticide detections, were in samples from agricultural subbasins and large main-stem subbasins with mixed land use and mixed bedrock geology. A correlation was indicated between land use and concentrations of atrazine and deethylatrazine. The concentrations of all six compounds were at least an order of magnitude lower than New York State and Federal water-quality standards.</p>\n<p>Ground water from four production wells in the villages of Afton, Sidney, Unadilla, and Otego was analyzed for chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) to indicate the approximate age of the water in these wells and the potential for induced infiltration of river water. The water at two of these wells is probably between 26 and 50 years old; the ages of water at the other two wells could not be reliably estimated because of CFC contamination from a nonatmospheric source. The two wells for which CFC analysis gave reliable results (Afton and Otego) probably do not induce infiltration of river water into the aquifer.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri034100","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","usgsCitation":"Hetcher, K.K., Miller, T.S., and Komor, S.C., 2004, Chemical quality of base flow in 18 selected streams in the upper Susquehanna River basin, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4100, vi, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034100.","productDescription":"vi, 42 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":415448,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_70946.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":191761,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4100/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":325135,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4100/wri20034100.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 2003-4100"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"upper Susquehanna River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.9333,\n              43\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.9333,\n              41.8069\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.5,\n              41.8069\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.5,\n              43\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.9333,\n              43\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p>Director, New York Water Science Center<br> U.S. Geological Survey<br>425 Jordan Rd<br> Troy, NY 12180<br> (518) 285-5695 <br> <a href=\"http://ny.water.usgs.gov/\" data-mce-href=\"http://ny.water.usgs.gov/\">http://ny.water.usgs.gov/</a></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul>\n<li>Abstract&nbsp;</li>\n<li>Summary and Conclusions</li>\n<li>References Cited</li>\n</ul>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dfe4b07f02db5e3968","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hetcher, Kari K.","contributorId":23183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hetcher","given":"Kari","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Todd S. tsmiller@usgs.gov","contributorId":1190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Todd","email":"tsmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Komor, Steven C.","contributorId":50982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Komor","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":69905,"text":"wri034301 - 2004 - Effects of Jefferson Road stormwater-detention basin on loads and concentrations of selected chemical constituents in East Branch of Allen Creek at Pittsford, Monroe County, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-23T10:57:01","indexId":"wri034301","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4301","title":"Effects of Jefferson Road stormwater-detention basin on loads and concentrations of selected chemical constituents in East Branch of Allen Creek at Pittsford, Monroe County, New York","docAbstract":"<p>Discharge and water-quality data collection at East Branch Allen Creek from 1990 through 2000 provide a basis for estimating the effect of the Jefferson Road detention basin on loads and concentrations of chemical constituents downstream from the basin. Mean monthly flow for the 5 years prior to construction of the detention basin (8.71 ft<sup>3</sup>/s) was slightly lower than after (9.08 ft<sup>3</sup>/s). The slightly higher mean monthly flow after basin construction may have been influenced by the peak flow for the period of record that occurred in July 1998 or variations in flow diverted from the canal. No statistically significant difference in average monthly mean flow before and after basin installation was indicated.</p><p>Total phosphorus was the only constituent to show no months with significant differences in load after basin construction. Several constituents showed months with significantly smaller loads after basin construction than before, whereas some constituents showed certain months with smaller and some months with greater loads, after basin construction. Statistical analysis of the \"mean monthly load\" for all months before and all months after construction of the detention basin showed only one constituent (ammonia + organic nitrogen) with a significantly lower load after construction and none with higher loads.</p><p>Median concentrations of ammonia + organic nitrogen showed a statistically significant decrease (from 0.78 mg/L to 0.60 mg/L) after basin installation, as did nitrite + nitrate (from 1.50 mg/L to 0.96 mg/L); in contrast, the median concentration of dissolved chloride increased from 95.5 mg/L before basin installation to 109 mg/L thereafter. A trend analysis of constituent concentrations before and after installation of the detention basin showed that total phosphorus had a downward trend after installation.</p><p>Analysis of the data collected at East Branch Allen Creek indicates that the Jefferson Road detention basin, in some cases, provides an improvement (reduction) in loads of some constituents. These results are uncertain, however, because hydrologic conditions before basin installation differed from those in the 5 years that followed, and because inflow from the Erie-Barge canal may alter the water quality in the 1-mi reach between the basin outflow and the gaging station.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri034301","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Monroe County Department of Health","usgsCitation":"Sherwood, D.A., 2004, Effects of Jefferson Road stormwater-detention basin on loads and concentrations of selected chemical constituents in East Branch of Allen Creek at Pittsford, Monroe County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4301, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034301.","productDescription":"8 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":6225,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4301/wri20034301.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.97 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 2003-4301"},{"id":191843,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4301/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Monroe County","city":"Pittsford","contact":"<p>Director, New York Water Science Center<br> U.S. Geological Survey<br>425 Jordan Rd<br> Troy, NY 12180<br> (518) 285-5695 <br> <a href=\"http://ny.water.usgs.gov/\" data-mce-href=\"http://ny.water.usgs.gov/\">http://ny.water.usgs.gov/</a></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul>\n<li>Abstract</li>\n<li>Introduction</li>\n<li>Loads and Concentrations of Selected Constituents</li>\n<li>Conclusions</li>\n<li>Selected References</li>\n</ul>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db699060","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sherwood, Donald A.","contributorId":103267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherwood","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":69846,"text":"fs20043016 - 2004 - Lightning gaps in the mangrove forest of Everglades National Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-15T15:39:17.908517","indexId":"fs20043016","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-3016","title":"Lightning gaps in the mangrove forest of Everglades National Park","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs20043016","usgsCitation":"Whelan, K.R., and Smith, T.J., 2004, Lightning gaps in the mangrove forest of Everglades National Park: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2004-3016, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20043016.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":120988,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2004_3016.jpg"},{"id":6181,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2004/3016/FS_2004_3016.pdf","text":"Report","size":"831 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2004-3016"}],"scale":"24000","contact":"<p><a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/car-fl-water\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/car-fl-water\">Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>3321 College Avenue<br>Davie, FL 33314</p><p><a href=\"../contact\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a5300","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whelan, Kevin R.T.","contributorId":53894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whelan","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"R.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Thomas J. III tom_j_smith@usgs.gov","contributorId":1615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Thomas","suffix":"III","email":"tom_j_smith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":281359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":69906,"text":"wri034315 - 2004 - Occurrence of arsenic in ground water of Suffolk County, New York, 1997-2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-04T22:40:21.851834","indexId":"wri034315","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4315","title":"Occurrence of arsenic in ground water of Suffolk County, New York, 1997-2002","docAbstract":"<p>Water-quality data from public and private drinking-water supply wells that were sampled from October 1997 through March 2001 in Suffolk County, New York were evaluated to define the occurrence and concentrations of arsenic throughout the county. The data bases of the Suffolk County Water Authority (SCWA) and the Suffolk County Department of Health Services (SCDHS) included 14 wells at which arsenic concentrations approached or exceeded the 2002 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) drinking-water guideline of 10 micrograms per liter (µg/L).</p><p>As a followup, 19 wells were sampled from June through August 2002; 7 were wells previously reported to have had high arsenic concentrations; 7 were near other wells reported to have high concentrations, and the remaining 5 were in areas where detectable concentrations of arsenic were suspected. Arsenic concentrations near 10 µg/L were detected at only 2 of the 19 wells sampled; arsenic concentrations in samples from the remaining 17 wells were reported as less than the USGS Central Laboratory reporting limits of 2 µg/L or 4 µg/L.</p><p>The elevated concentrations previously reported (1997 through 2001) for at least three of the wells were due to incompletely flushed carbon filters in the supply-well system or were typographical errors. A decrease in arsenic concentration was indicated at six of the seven resampled wells; no reasons are apparent. Arsenic concentrations in ground water that exceed drinking-water guidelines were found only at one site. On the basis of limited sampling data available for this study, the concentrations of arsenic above drinking-water standards (10 µg/L) do not appear to indicate a countywide problem with regards to arsenic concentrations in ground water.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri034315","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Suffolk County Water Authority","usgsCitation":"Cartwright, R.A., 2004, Occurrence of arsenic in ground water of Suffolk County, New York, 1997-2002: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4315, iv, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034315.","productDescription":"iv, 11 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":6226,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4315/wri20034315.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.97 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 2003-4315"},{"id":191844,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4315/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":395508,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_70948.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Suffolk County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -73.5,\n              40.625\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.8489,\n              40.625\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.8489,\n              41.2914\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.5,\n              41.2914\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.5,\n              40.625\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p>Director, New York Water Science Center<br> U.S. Geological Survey<br>425 Jordan Rd<br> Troy, NY 12180<br> (518) 285-5695 <br> <a href=\"http://ny.water.usgs.gov/\" data-mce-href=\"http://ny.water.usgs.gov/\">http://ny.water.usgs.gov/</a></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Data and Sampling</li><li>Occurrence of Arsenic in Ground Water</li><li>Summary and Conclusions</li><li>References Cited</li></ul>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e1e4b07f02db5e4931","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cartwright, Richard A. racart@usgs.gov","contributorId":5137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cartwright","given":"Richard","email":"racart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":281504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":69850,"text":"fs20043107 - 2004 - South Florida Information Access (SOFIA) metadata for the U.S. Geological Survey Greater Everglades place-based studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-30T21:04:08.289009","indexId":"fs20043107","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-3107","title":"South Florida Information Access (SOFIA) metadata for the U.S. Geological Survey Greater Everglades place-based studies","docAbstract":"Beginning in 1995 the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) funded scientific research to support the restoration of the Greater Everglades area and to supply decision makers and resource mangers with sound data on which to base their actions. However, none of the research and resulting data is useful if it can?t be discovered, can?t be assessed for utility in an application, can?t be accessed, or is in an undetermined format. The decision was made early in the USGS Place-Based Studies (PBS) program to create a ?one-stop? entry for information and data about USGS research results. To facilitate the discovery process some mechanism was needed to allow standardized queries about data. The FGDC metadata standard has been used to document the South Florida PBS data from the beginning.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20043107","usgsCitation":"Stapleton, J.A., and Sonenshein, R., 2004, South Florida Information Access (SOFIA) metadata for the U.S. Geological Survey Greater Everglades place-based studies: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2004-3107, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20043107.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":90482,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2004/3107/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"591 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2004-3107"},{"id":120990,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2004/3107/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.6611328125,\n              24.966140159912975\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.2333984375,\n              24.966140159912975\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.2333984375,\n              27.371767300523047\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.6611328125,\n              27.371767300523047\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.6611328125,\n              24.966140159912975\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p><a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/car-fl-water\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/car-fl-water\">Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>3321 College Avenue<br>Davie, FL 33314</p><p><a href=\"../contact\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db6980ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stapleton, Jo Anne","contributorId":34908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stapleton","given":"Jo","email":"","middleInitial":"Anne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sonenshein, Roy","contributorId":73257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sonenshein","given":"Roy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":69860,"text":"sir20045056 - 2004 - Summary of suspended-sediment data for streams draining the Chesapeake Bay Watershed, water years 1952-2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:33","indexId":"sir20045056","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5056","title":"Summary of suspended-sediment data for streams draining the Chesapeake Bay Watershed, water years 1952-2002","docAbstract":"U.S. Geological Survey suspended-sediment data from 1952 to 2002 from selected stream-gaging stations draining the nontidal parts of the Chesapeake Bay Watershed were summarized to identify areas in the Watershed with high suspended-sediment loads, yields, and concentrations. The suspended-sediment load data were separated into two periods, 1952?1984 and 1985?2001. In 1985, the Chesapeake Bay Program began recommending sediment regulations, so 1985 represents an important break in the data. The instantaneous suspended-sediment concentration data were examined for the period 1985?2002. \r\n\r\nSuspended-sediment load data collected from 43 stations from 1952?1984, with a minimum of 3 years of record, indicated that the two highest average annual suspended-sediment loads were for stations on the main stem of the Potomac and Susquehanna Rivers. The highest average annual sediment yields and discharge-weighted sediment concentrations were for streams draining the metropolitan Washington, D.C. area, possibly related to urbanization. Data from 1985 through 2001 that were collected from 35 stations with a minimum of 3 years of record showed that the highest average annual suspended-sediment loads were also on the main stem of the Potomac and Susquehanna Rivers. Four of the six highest average annual sediment yields and discharge-weighted sediment concentrations for 1985?2001 were for stations draining to the Conestoga River, a tributary of the Susquehanna River. \r\n\r\nExamination of percentiles (10th, 50th, and 90th) of instantaneous suspended-sediment concentrations for 51 stations with a minimum of 3 years of data and at least 10 samples in a year indicated that streams that drain to the Conestoga River had the highest suspended-sediment concentrations. Sediment-transport curves for the 51 stations were separated into classes by drainage-area size. Five of the eight drainage-area classes showed that streams draining the Susquehanna River Basin had the highest suspended-sediment concentrations. Three of the Susquehanna River Basin drainage-area classes were in the Conestoga River Basin. Agriculture is the dominant land use in the Conestoga River Basin and may be an important source of sediment leading to the high sediment yields and instantaneous suspended-sediment concentrations, but further research is needed to quantify the importance of agriculture in relation to other sources of sediment in the Conestoga River Basin.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20045056","usgsCitation":"Gellis, A., Banks, W.S., Langland, M.J., and Martucci, S.K., 2004, Summary of suspended-sediment data for streams draining the Chesapeake Bay Watershed, water years 1952-2002: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5056, vi, 59 p. : ill. (some col.), col. maps ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045056.","productDescription":"vi, 59 p. : ill. (some col.), col. maps ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":6192,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://md.water.usgs.gov/publications/sir-2004-5056/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":188602,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2004/5056/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":90484,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2004/5056/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a530d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gellis, Allen C. 0000-0002-3449-2889 agellis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3449-2889","contributorId":1709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gellis","given":"Allen C.","email":"agellis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":375,"text":"Maryland, Delaware, and the District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":281383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Banks, William S.L.","contributorId":35281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banks","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"S.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Langland, Michael J. 0000-0002-8350-8779 langland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8350-8779","contributorId":2347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langland","given":"Michael","email":"langland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Martucci, Sarah K.","contributorId":32976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martucci","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":69893,"text":"sir20045009 - 2004 - Fecal-indicator bacteria in the Allegheny, Monongahela, and Ohio Rivers, near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, July-September 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-10T10:28:30","indexId":"sir20045009","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5009","title":"Fecal-indicator bacteria in the Allegheny, Monongahela, and Ohio Rivers, near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, July-September 2001","docAbstract":"This report presents the results of a study by the Allegheny County Health Department (ACHD) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to determine the concentrations of fecal-indicator bacteria in the Allegheny, Monongahela, and Ohio Rivers (Three Rivers) in Allegheny County, Pittsburgh, Pa. Water-quality samples and river-discharge measurements were collected from July to September 2001 during dry- (72-hour dry antecedent period), mixed-, and wet-weather (48-hour dry antecedent period and at least 0.3 inch of rain in a 6-hour period) conditions at five sampling sites on the Three Rivers in Allegheny County. Water samples were collected weekly to establish baseline conditions and during successive days after three wet-weather events.\r\n\r\nWater samples were analyzed for fecal-indicator organisms including fecal-coliform (FC) bacteria, Escherichia coli (E. coli), and enterococci bacteria. Water samples were collected by the USGS and analyzed by the ACHD Laboratory. At each site, left-bank and right-bank surface-water samples were collected in addition to a composite sample (discharge-weighted sample representative of the channel cross section as a whole) at each site. Fecal-indicator bacteria reported in bank and composite samples were used to evaluate the distribution and mixing of bacteria-source streams in receiving waters such as the Three Rivers. \r\n\r\nSingle-event concentrations of enterococci, E. coli, and FC during dry-weather events were greater than State and Federal water-quality standards (WQS) in 11, 28, and 28 percent of the samples, respectively; during mixed-weather events, concentrations of fecal-indicator bacteria were greater than WQS in 28, 37, and 43 percent of the samples, respectively; and during wet-weather events, concentrations of fecal-indicator bacteria were greater than WQS in 56, 71, and 81 percent of samples, respectively.\r\n\r\nSingle-event, wet-weather concentrations exceeded those during dry-weather events for all sites except the Allegheny River at Oakmont. For this site, dilution during wet-weather events or the lack of source streams upgradient of the site may have caused this anomaly. Additionally, single-event concentrations of E. coli and FC frequently exceeded the WQS reported during wet-weather events.\r\n\r\nIt is difficult to establish a short-term trend in fecal-indicator bacteria concentrations as a function of time after a wet-weather event due to factors including the spatial variability of sources contributing fecal material, dry-weather discharges, resuspension of bottom sediments, and flow augmentation from reservoirs. Relative to E. coli and enterococci, FC concentrations appeared to decrease with time, which may be attributed to the greater die-off rate for FC bacteria.\r\n\r\nFecal-indicator bacteria concentrations at a site are dependent on the spatial distribution of point sources upstream of the station, the time-of-travel, rate of decay, and the degree of mixing and resuspension. Therefore, it is difficult to evaluate whether the left, right, and composite concentrations reported at a particular site are significantly different. To evaluate the significance of the fecal-indicator bacteria concentrations and turbidity reported in grab and composite samples during dry-, mixed-, and wet-weather events, data sets were evaluated using Wilcoxon rank sum tests. Tests were conducted using the fecal-indicator bacteria colonies and turbidity reported for each station for a given weather event. For example, fecal coliform counts reported in the left-bank sample were compared against the right-bank and composite samples, respectively, for the Ohio River at Sewickley site during dry-, mixed-, and wet-weather events.\r\n\r\nThe statistical analyses suggest that, depending on the sampling site, the fecal-bacteria concentrations measured at selected locations vary spatially within a channel (left bank compared to right, right bank compared to composite). The most significant differences occurred between feca","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20045009","usgsCitation":"Fulton, J.W., and Buckwalter, T.F., 2004, Fecal-indicator bacteria in the Allegheny, Monongahela, and Ohio Rivers, near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, July-September 2001: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5009, v, 39 p. : ill. (some col.), col. maps ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045009.","productDescription":"v, 39 p. : ill. (some col.), col. maps ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191136,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6218,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir20045009/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fee4b07f02db5f6cdd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fulton, John W. 0000-0002-5335-0720 jwfulton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5335-0720","contributorId":2298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulton","given":"John","email":"jwfulton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buckwalter, Theodore F.","contributorId":90719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckwalter","given":"Theodore","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":69896,"text":"sir20045137 - 2004 - Chloroform in the hydrologic system--sources, transport, fate, occurrence, and effects on human health and aquatic organisms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:54","indexId":"sir20045137","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5137","title":"Chloroform in the hydrologic system--sources, transport, fate, occurrence, and effects on human health and aquatic organisms","docAbstract":"Chloroform is one of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) detected most frequently in both ground and surface water. Because it is also one of the four trihalomethanes (THMs) produced in the highest concentrations during the chlorination of drinking water and wastewater, the frequent detection of this compound in ground and surface water of the United States is presumed to be caused primarily by the input of chlorinated water to the hydrologic system. Although anthropogenic sources of the compound are substantial, they are currently estimated to constitute only 10 percent of the total global input to the hydrologic system. Natural sources of the compound include volcanic gases, biomass burning, marine algae, and soil microorganisms. Under most conditions (except in the presence of unusually high bromide concentrations), chloroform is the THM produced in the highest concentrations during chlorination. Furthermore, in most cases where more than one THM is produced from chlorination, the relative concentrations among the different compounds usually decrease with increasing bromination (chloroform > dichlorobromomethane > chlorodibromomethane > bromoform). This phenomenon is presumed to be responsible for the common observation that when more than one THM is detected during investigations of the occurrence of these compounds in the hydrologic system, this same trend is typically observed among their relative concentrations or, for a uniform reporting limit, their relative frequencies of detection. This pattern could provide a valuable means for distinguishing between chlorinated water and other potential sources of chloroform in the environment.\r\n\r\nChloroform has been widely detected in national, regional, and local studies of VOCs in ground, surface, source, and drinking waters. Total THM (TTHM) concentrations of the compound, however, were typically less than the Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) of 80 ?g/L (micrograms per liter) established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) for TTHMs. In the studies that compared land-use settings, frequencies of detection of chloroform were higher beneath urban and residential areas than beneath agricultural or undeveloped areas. Because chloroform is a suspected human carcinogen, its presence in drinking water is a potential human health concern. Liver damage, however, is known to occur at chloroform exposures lower than those required to cause cancer, an observation that has been considered by the USEPA as the basis for setting a new, non-zero Maximum Contaminant Level Goal of 70 ?g/L for the compound. As part of its National Water-Quality Assessment Program, the U.S. Geological Survey has been assembling and analyzing data on the occurrence of VOCs (including chloroform) in ground and surface water on a national scale from studies conducted between 1991 and the present. This report presents a summary of current (2004) information on the uses, sources, formation, transport, fate, and occurrence of chloroform, as well as its effects on human health and aquatic organisms.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20045137","usgsCitation":"Ivahnenko, T., and Barbash, J.E., 2004, Chloroform in the hydrologic system--sources, transport, fate, occurrence, and effects on human health and aquatic organisms: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5137, viii, 34 p. : ill., map ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045137.","productDescription":"viii, 34 p. : ill., map ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":6219,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir20045137/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":191189,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cce4b07f02db543fd6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ivahnenko, Tamara 0000-0002-1124-7688 ivahnenk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1124-7688","contributorId":93524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ivahnenko","given":"Tamara","email":"ivahnenk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barbash, Jack E. 0000-0001-9854-8880 jbarbash@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9854-8880","contributorId":1003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barbash","given":"Jack","email":"jbarbash@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70006527,"text":"70006527 - 2004 - Lake level variability in Silver Lake, Michigan: a response to fluctuations in lake levels of Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-20T11:49:08","indexId":"70006527","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T11:40:12","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2720,"text":"Michigan Academician","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lake level variability in Silver Lake, Michigan: a response to fluctuations in lake levels of Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"Sediment from Silver Lake, Michigan, can be used to constrain the timing and elevation of Lake Michigan during the Nipissing transgression. Silver Lake is separated from Lake Michigan by a barrier/dune complex and the Nipissing, Calumet, and Glenwood shorelines of Lake Michigan are expressed landward of this barrier. Two Vibracores were taken from the lake in February 2000 and contain pebbly sand, sand, buried soils, marl, peat, and sandy muck. It is suggested here that fluctuations in the level of Lake Michigan are reflected in Silver Lake since the Chippewa low phase, and possibly at the end of the Algonquin phase. An age of 12,490 B.P. (10,460±50 <sup>14</sup>C yrs B.P.) on wood from a buried Entisol may record the falling Algonquin phase as the North Bay outlet opened. A local perched water table is indicated by marl deposited before 7,800 B.P. and peat between 7,760-7,000 B.P. when Lake Michigan was at the low elevation Chippewa phase. Continued deepening of the lake is recorded by the transition from peat to sandy muck at 7,000 B.P. in the deeper core, and with the drowning of an Inceptisol nearly 3 m higher at 6,410 B.P. in the shallower core. A rising groundwater table responding to a rising Lake Michigan base level during the Nipissing transgression, rather than a response to mid-Holocene climate change, explains deepening of Silver Lake. Sandy muck was deposited continually in Silver Lake between Nipissing and modern time. Sand lenses within the muck are presumed to be eolian in origin, derived from sand dunes advancing into the lake on the western side of the basin.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Michigan Academician","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Michigan Academy of Science, Arts, and Letters","usgsCitation":"Fisher, T.G., and Loope, W.L., 2004, Lake level variability in Silver Lake, Michigan: a response to fluctuations in lake levels of Lake Michigan: Michigan Academician, v. 35, no. 4, p. 373-385.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"373","endPage":"385","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288972,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"Silver Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -86.549778,43.629614 ], [ -86.549778,43.704739 ], [ -86.450043,43.704739 ], [ -86.450043,43.629614 ], [ -86.549778,43.629614 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"35","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7758e4b0abf75cf2c105","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fisher, Timothy G.","contributorId":45659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loope, Walter L. wloope@usgs.gov","contributorId":4616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loope","given":"Walter","email":"wloope@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70170327,"text":"70170327 - 2004 - Effects of the wildfire on growth of cutthroat trout  in Yellowstone Lake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-15T14:54:27","indexId":"70170327","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Effects of the wildfire on growth of cutthroat trout  in Yellowstone Lake","docAbstract":"<p><span>This chapter discusses the effects of wildfire on the growth of cutthroat trout in Yellowstone Lake. Trends in year-to-year variation in growth for individual age groups and 25 mm length groups of cutthroat trout in Yellowstone Lake were examined in an attempt to detect shifts in growth patterns associated with the fires. Approximately 100,000 ha of the Yellowstone Lake watershed burned between early July and late August 1988 and the majority of area burned was in the southern part of the drainage, including the Yellowstone River, the largest tributary to the lake. Pelican Creek, the second largest tributary to the lake, was the only major tributary entering the lake from the north that was affected by the fire. In order to aid interpretation of trends through time, relative growth rates of cutthroat trout in individual age and length groups were evaluated using linear regression.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"After the Fires: The Ecology of Change in Yellowstone National Park","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Yale University Press","publisherLocation":"New Haven","usgsCitation":"Gresswell, R., 2004, Effects of the wildfire on growth of cutthroat trout  in Yellowstone Lake, chap. <i>of</i> After the Fires: The Ecology of Change in Yellowstone National Park, p. 143-164.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"143","endPage":"164","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320124,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.50048828124999,\n              44.453878939826964\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.47920227050781,\n              44.46074046123942\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.46615600585938,\n              44.46564105431543\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.45928955078125,\n              44.469071224701096\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.44486999511719,\n              44.47495104782301\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.43182373046875,\n              44.47789073724073\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.41877746582031,\n              44.4808302785626\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.41259765625,\n              44.48376967178836\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.40985107421875,\n              44.4906276800508\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.41946411132812,\n              44.497974651293234\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.42083740234375,\n              44.50042343601631\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.42083740234375,\n              44.506789794977664\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.41740417480469,\n              44.51511398458795\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.41671752929688,\n              44.52001001133986\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.41534423828124,\n              44.52686375766053\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.42495727539062,\n              44.52539516561384\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.43388366699219,\n              44.524905626703834\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.43663024902344,\n              44.5302903284497\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.43113708496092,\n              44.535674532413196\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.42564392089844,\n              44.54007941994905\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.41946411132812,\n              44.54497334861026\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.41053771972656,\n              44.54790950833803\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.40092468261719,\n              44.55035619497771\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.3913116455078,\n              44.55231347023836\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.38787841796875,\n              44.558674160243065\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.3851318359375,\n              44.56307730757893\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.37757873535156,\n              44.56160962882607\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.36865234374999,\n              44.55671709890833\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.36247253417969,\n              44.554270679675696\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.35835266113281,\n              44.55329208318493\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.34805297851562,\n              44.551824157594105\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.3411865234375,\n              44.549866865877675\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.33432006835938,\n              44.54839885389387\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.33020019531249,\n              44.55280277876862\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.31784057617188,\n              44.554270679675696\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.30754089355469,\n              44.55280277876862\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.29998779296875,\n              44.55133484083592\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.29655456542969,\n              44.549866865877675\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.291748046875,\n              44.54448397425687\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.29106140136717,\n              44.53910058484966\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.29655456542969,\n              44.536163980817314\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.2979278564453,\n              44.52882182279489\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.28968811035156,\n              44.52882182279489\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.28488159179688,\n              44.524905626703834\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.27801513671875,\n              44.51756204938733\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.27801513671875,\n              44.51364509634189\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.28007507324219,\n              44.50727948610087\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.27870178222656,\n              44.50042343601631\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.28144836425781,\n              44.49503597386932\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.28488159179688,\n              44.48964801395034\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.28350830078125,\n              44.4808302785626\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.28350830078125,\n              44.47299117260252\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.29037475585936,\n              44.46956123258689\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.28900146484375,\n              44.45976029325943\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.28831481933594,\n              44.45436907523842\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.291748046875,\n              44.44505579897742\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.29243469238281,\n              44.4377021634654\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.2979278564453,\n              44.43427015014068\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.29243469238281,\n              44.42544404744875\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.2862548828125,\n              44.41710705999032\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.27389526367188,\n              44.41220239438348\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.25672912597656,\n              44.409749907320304\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.25398254394531,\n              44.39895774251037\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.25398254394531,\n              44.3906169787868\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.24436950683592,\n              44.387182201128724\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.22994995117188,\n              44.37982128456053\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.22926330566406,\n              44.372459442456396\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.22720336914062,\n              44.3587148608905\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.22514343261719,\n              44.34791328441686\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.22445678710938,\n              44.33809194181603\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.21896362304688,\n              44.33170718680922\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.20866394042969,\n              44.33170718680922\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.20111083984375,\n              44.32679536376995\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.203857421875,\n              44.319426857963876\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.20729064941406,\n              44.31353138696479\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.21553039550781,\n              44.30861804200507\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.21553039550781,\n              44.302230078625456\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.20729064941406,\n              44.2982986787259\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.21141052246094,\n              44.29240108529005\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.21827697753906,\n              44.294858487869526\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.22445678710938,\n              44.29289257403239\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.23200988769531,\n              44.295841420108864\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.23681640625,\n              44.299772984537455\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.23338317871094,\n              44.30419567985762\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.23750305175781,\n              44.30468706988256\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.23818969726562,\n              44.302721485103355\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.24299621582031,\n              44.3002644115815\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.24986267089844,\n              44.30075583451234\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.25810241699219,\n              44.30321288746803\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.2642822265625,\n              44.306652588849815\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.26908874511719,\n              44.306652588849815\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.27595520019531,\n              44.30419567985762\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.28076171875,\n              44.31009208868226\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.28213500976561,\n              44.31451400659746\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.28213500976561,\n              44.319426857963876\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.27526855468749,\n              44.321883129398586\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.27664184570312,\n              44.32826895387169\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.27389526367188,\n              44.331216023015294\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.27664184570312,\n              44.33907415011681\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.27870178222656,\n              44.34300281878521\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.27664184570312,\n              44.35527821160296\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.27389526367188,\n              44.36116948697885\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.27114868164062,\n              44.36804189293885\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.27320861816406,\n              44.37540429036203\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.27664184570312,\n              44.381293541917216\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.28282165527342,\n              44.38816358674148\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.2862548828125,\n              44.393070267993956\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.291748046875,\n              44.39257961837961\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.2972412109375,\n              44.39012630860479\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.29861450195311,\n              44.38325649413712\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.29861450195311,\n              44.37834899018242\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.30342102050781,\n              44.372459442456396\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.31509399414062,\n              44.36607843064777\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.3192138671875,\n              44.36264221327065\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.31990051269531,\n              44.35576917384144\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.32470703125,\n              44.350368362980596\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.31990051269531,\n              44.33956524809713\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.31509399414062,\n              44.33219834648983\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.31509399414062,\n              44.322374371345624\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.31578063964844,\n              44.30861804200507\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.31166076660156,\n              44.305178455794234\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.30548095703125,\n              44.299281553380155\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.302734375,\n              44.29387553917737\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.302734375,\n              44.28797750151544\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.31372070312499,\n              44.28306201767988\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.32676696777344,\n              44.283553584572715\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.34324645996094,\n              44.28601135733936\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.34187316894531,\n              44.29338405866148\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.34049987792969,\n              44.30173866803434\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.33638000488281,\n              44.306652588849815\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.33912658691406,\n              44.315987905196906\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.33843994140625,\n              44.32090063316461\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.33912658691406,\n              44.3258129498022\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.34942626953125,\n              44.32630415884276\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.35423278808594,\n              44.331216023015294\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.35835266113281,\n              44.342020676298326\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.35697937011719,\n              44.34938634389529\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.35491943359375,\n              44.36313311380771\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.35629272460938,\n              44.36902359940364\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.3528594970703,\n              44.374913492661456\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.35148620605469,\n              44.381784286142434\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.35354614257811,\n              44.38669150215206\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.36521911621094,\n              44.38521938054099\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.3741455078125,\n              44.384728665110295\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.36865234374999,\n              44.37540429036203\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.379638671875,\n              44.374913492661456\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.38993835449219,\n              44.37344107487884\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.3961181640625,\n              44.37442269084738\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.401611328125,\n              44.37000528941461\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.41328430175781,\n              44.369514446465836\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.42221069335938,\n              44.37000528941461\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.43113708496092,\n              44.3670601700202\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.4462432861328,\n              44.36313311380771\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.4510498046875,\n              44.35920579433503\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.44830322265625,\n              44.3670601700202\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.43800354003906,\n              44.37196862007497\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.42015075683594,\n              44.372950260724366\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.41122436523438,\n              44.377367440029545\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.39749145507812,\n              44.38031204112625\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.39405822753906,\n              44.382765762252404\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.39337158203125,\n              44.38669150215206\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.38925170898438,\n              44.389635634309236\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.39474487304688,\n              44.39257961837961\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.39886474609375,\n              44.39552345436279\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.40023803710936,\n              44.40042951858466\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.39817810058594,\n              44.40435407378617\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.39474487304688,\n              44.40435407378617\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.39337158203125,\n              44.40827836571938\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.39955139160155,\n              44.40729731741751\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.41053771972656,\n              44.405825714112936\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.41534423828124,\n              44.40876888369992\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.41877746582031,\n              44.411711905198004\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.42221069335938,\n              44.4190688110522\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.41671752929688,\n              44.4190688110522\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.41671752929688,\n              44.42397290075389\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.42289733886717,\n              44.42838622977046\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.42770385742188,\n              44.429857265397246\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.4400634765625,\n              44.42936692430196\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.44143676757812,\n              44.42397290075389\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.45722961425781,\n              44.42446328709913\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.46615600585938,\n              44.429857265397246\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.46409606933594,\n              44.43279922558238\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.46821594238281,\n              44.440153478144595\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.478515625,\n              44.43868270167808\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.48881530761719,\n              44.43476045009948\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.5011749267578,\n              44.42593442145313\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.49911499023438,\n              44.417597503926196\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.49911499023438,\n              44.41024041296011\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.50254821777344,\n              44.402391829093915\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.50666809082031,\n              44.39944833864869\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.51696777343749,\n              44.3969953168216\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.52589416503906,\n              44.39405155488211\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.5389404296875,\n              44.39012630860479\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.54924011230469,\n              44.39257961837961\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.56297302246092,\n              44.397976537893065\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.56503295898438,\n              44.403863518783446\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.56983947753906,\n              44.41416430998939\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.57327270507812,\n              44.422011314236634\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.58013916015625,\n              44.43034760237887\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.58013916015625,\n              44.4357410376761\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.57121276855467,\n              44.44260468998198\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.56365966796874,\n              44.44603621377982\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.56297302246092,\n              44.45289865666288\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.55885314941406,\n              44.457799907934756\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.55473327636719,\n              44.46270074783463\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.55473327636719,\n              44.46858121270152\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.54718017578125,\n              44.47299117260252\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.5389404296875,\n              44.47446108518852\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.52864074707031,\n              44.473971118440275\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.52177429199219,\n              44.473481147578276\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.51834106445312,\n              44.467601176361136\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.51765441894531,\n              44.46074046123942\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.51284790039062,\n              44.45878010882453\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.50666809082031,\n              44.45534933372025\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.50048828124999,\n              44.453878939826964\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57160535e4b0ef3b7ca91fec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gresswell, R. E.","contributorId":38084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gresswell","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":626858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70027813,"text":"70027813 - 2004 - Coastal-change and glaciological map of the Saunders Coast area, Antarctica: 1972-97","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-07T14:12:24.473092","indexId":"70027813","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":794,"text":"Annals of Glaciology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coastal-change and glaciological map of the Saunders Coast area, Antarctica: 1972-97","docAbstract":"Satellite images from 1972 to 1997 have been used to prepare a map showing glaciological features of the Saunders Coast area, Antarctica. Analysis of the imagery shows a trend toward ice-front retreat that may be a result of changing environmental conditions.","language":"English","publisher":"International Glaciology Society","doi":"10.3189/172756404781814285","usgsCitation":"Ferrigno, J.G., Williams, R., and Foley, K.M., 2004, Coastal-change and glaciological map of the Saunders Coast area, Antarctica: 1972-97: Annals of Glaciology, v. 39, no. 1, p. 245-250, https://doi.org/10.3189/172756404781814285.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"245","endPage":"250","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478002,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3189/172756404781814285","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":238318,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Antarctica, Sauders Coast","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -158.203125,\n              -79.17133464081944\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.0703125,\n              -79.17133464081944\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.0703125,\n              -71.85622888185527\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.203125,\n              -71.85622888185527\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.203125,\n              -79.17133464081944\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"39","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-09-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f792e4b0c8380cd4cbb2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ferrigno, Jane G. jferrign@usgs.gov","contributorId":39825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferrigno","given":"Jane","email":"jferrign@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":415325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, Richard S. Jr.","contributorId":83859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Richard S.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[{"id":680,"text":"Woods Hole Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":415324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Foley, Kevin M. 0000-0003-1013-462X kfoley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1013-462X","contributorId":2543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foley","given":"Kevin","email":"kfoley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":415323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":69838,"text":"sir20045255 - 2004 - Water-quality data from 2002 to 2003 and analysis of data gaps for development of total maximum daily loads in the Lower Klamath River Basin, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:33","indexId":"sir20045255","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5255","title":"Water-quality data from 2002 to 2003 and analysis of data gaps for development of total maximum daily loads in the Lower Klamath River Basin, California","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collected water-quality data during 2002 and 2003 in the Lower Klamath River Basin, in northern California, to support studies of river conditions as they pertain to the viability of Chinook and Coho salmon and endangered suckers. To address the data needs of the North Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board for the development of Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs), water temperature, dissolved oxygen, specific conductance, and pH were continuously monitored at sites on the Klamath, Trinity, Shasta, and Lost Rivers. Water-quality samples were collected and analyzed for selected nutrients, organic carbon, chlorophyll-a, pheophytin-a, and trace elements. Sediment oxygen demand was measured on the Shasta River. Results of analysis of the data collected were used to identify locations in the Lower Klamath River Basin and periods of time during 2002 and 2003 when river conditions were more likely to be detrimental to salmonid or sucker health because of occasional high water temperatures, low dissolved oxygen, and conditions that supported abundant populations of algae and aquatic plants. The results were also used to assess gaps in data by furthering the development of the conceptual model of water flow and quality in the Lower Klamath River Basin using available data and the current understanding of processes that affect water quality and by assessing needs for the develoment of mathematical models of the system. The most notable gap in information for the study area is in sufficient knowledge about the occurrence and productivity of algal communities. Other gaps in data include vertical water-quality profiles for the reservoirs in the study area, and in an adequate understanding of the chemical oxygen demands and the sediment oxygen demands in the rivers and of the influence of riparian shading on the rivers. Several mathematical models are discussed in this report for use in characterizing the river systems in the study area; also discussed are the specific data needed for the models, and the spatial and temporal data available as boundary conditions. The models will be useful for the future development of TMDLs for temperature, nutrients, and dissolved oxygen and for assessing the role of natural and anthropogenic sources of heat, oxygen-producing and -consuming substances, and nutrients in the Klamath, Shasta, and Lost Rivers.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20045255","usgsCitation":"Flint, L.E., Flint, A.L., Curry, D.S., Rounds, S.A., and Doyle, M.C., 2004, Water-quality data from 2002 to 2003 and analysis of data gaps for development of total maximum daily loads in the Lower Klamath River Basin, California (Online only): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5255, 85 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045255.","productDescription":"85 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":188511,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6179,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir20045255/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","edition":"Online only","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db6978a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flint, Lorraine E. 0000-0002-7868-441X lflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-441X","contributorId":1184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Lorraine","email":"lflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, Alan L. 0000-0002-5118-751X aflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5118-751X","contributorId":1492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Alan","email":"aflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Curry, Debra S. dcurry@usgs.gov","contributorId":370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curry","given":"Debra","email":"dcurry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":281332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rounds, Stewart A. 0000-0002-8540-2206 sarounds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8540-2206","contributorId":905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rounds","given":"Stewart","email":"sarounds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Doyle, Micelis C. 0000-0003-0968-7809 mcdoyle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0968-7809","contributorId":3446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doyle","given":"Micelis","email":"mcdoyle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70738,"text":"wri034247 - 2004 - Reconnaissance of hydrogeology and ground-water quality in Pennsauken Township and vicinity, Camden County, New Jersey, 1996-98","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:45","indexId":"wri034247","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4247","title":"Reconnaissance of hydrogeology and ground-water quality in Pennsauken Township and vicinity, Camden County, New Jersey, 1996-98","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri034247","usgsCitation":"Walker, R.L., and Jacobsen, E., 2004, Reconnaissance of hydrogeology and ground-water quality in Pennsauken Township and vicinity, Camden County, New Jersey, 1996-98: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4247, vi, 102 p. : ill., maps (some col.) ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034247.","productDescription":"vi, 102 p. : ill., maps (some col.) ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":101503,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4247/report.pdf","size":"8493","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":101504,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4247/plate-1.pdf","size":"3037","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":101505,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4247/plate-2.pdf","size":"3154","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":101506,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4247/plate-3.pdf","size":"2307","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":101507,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4247/plate-4.pdf","size":"2414","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":186635,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4247/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a68e4b07f02db63b033","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walker, Richard L.","contributorId":38961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":282963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jacobsen, Eric jacobsen@usgs.gov","contributorId":3864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobsen","given":"Eric","email":"jacobsen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":282962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70739,"text":"wri034288 - 2004 - Hydrogeology and Extent of Saltwater Intrusion in the Northern Part of the Town of Oyster Bay, Nassau County, New York: 1995–98","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-23T11:08:01","indexId":"wri034288","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4288","title":"Hydrogeology and Extent of Saltwater Intrusion in the Northern Part of the Town of Oyster Bay, Nassau County, New York: 1995–98","docAbstract":"<p>The Oyster Bay study area, in the northern part of Nassau County, N.Y., is underlain by unconsolidated deposits that form a sequence of aquifers and confining units. At least one production well has been affected by the intrusion of saltwater from Hempstead Harbor, Long Island Sound, and Cold Spring Harbor. Nineteen boreholes were drilled during 1995-98 for the collection of hydrogeologic, geochemical, and geophysical data to delineate the subsurface geology and the extent of saltwater intrusion. Continuous high-resolution marine-seismic-reflection surveys in the surrounding embayments of the Oyster Bay study area were conducted in 1996.</p><p>New drill-core data indicate two hydrogeologic units—the North Shore aquifer and the North Shore confining unit—where the Lloyd aquifer, the Raritan confining unit, and the Magothy aquifer have been completely removed by glacial erosion.</p><p>Water levels at 95 observation wells were measured quarterly during 1995–98. These data and continuous water-level records indicated that (1) the upper glacial (water-table) and Magothy aquifers are hydraulically connected and that their water levels did not respond to tidal fluctuations, and (2) the Lloyd and North Shore aquifers are hydraulically connected and their water levels responded to pumping and to tidal fluctuations.</p><p>Marine seismic-reflection surveys in the surrounding embayments indicate at least four glacially eroded buried valleys with subhorizontal, parallel reflectors indicative of draped bedding that is interpreted as infilling by silt and clay. The buried valleys (1) truncate the surrounding coarse-grained deposits, (2) are asymmetrical and steep sided, (3) trend northwest-southeast, (4) are several miles long and about 1 mile wide, and (5) extend to more than 500 feet below sea level.</p><p>Water samples taken during 1995–98 from three production wells and six observation wells screened in the upper glacial and Magothy aquifers contained volatile organic compounds in concentrations that exceeded the New York State Department of Health Drinking Water Maximum Contaminant Levels. High iron or nitrate concentrations were detected in water samples taken in 1997–98 from 39 observation wells. Previous high concentrations resulted in the shutdown of two production wells.</p><p>Four distinct areas of saltwater intrusion in the Oyster Bay study area were delineated—three were in the upper glacial aquifer, and the fourth was in the Lloyd aquifer. Borehole-geophysical-logging data indicated that three of these saltwater \"wedges\" ranged from a few feet thick to more than 100 feet thick and had sharp freshwater-saltwater interfaces. Chloride concentrations in water from eight observation wells within these wedges in 1997 ranged from 125 to 13,750 milligrams per liter. One production well in Bayville has been shut down as of 1996 and others in the area may be affected by these saltwater wedges.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri034288","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Nassau County Department of Public Works","usgsCitation":"Stumm, F., Lange, A.D., and Candela, J.L., 2004, Hydrogeology and Extent of Saltwater Intrusion in the Northern Part of the Town of Oyster Bay, Nassau County, New York: 1995–98: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4288, 55 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034288.","productDescription":"55 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":186636,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4288/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":6628,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4288/wri20034288.pdf","text":"Report","size":"17.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 2003-4288"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Nassau County","city":"Oyster Bay","contact":"<p>Director, New York Water Science Center<br> U.S. Geological Survey<br> 425 Jordan Rd<br> Troy, NY 12180<br> (518) 285-5695 <br> <a href=\"http://ny.water.usgs.gov/\" data-mce-href=\"http://ny.water.usgs.gov/\">http://ny.water.usgs.gov/</a></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Methods of study</li><li>Hydrogeology</li><li>Extent of saltwater intrusion</li><li>Summary and conclusions</li><li>References cited</li></ul>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db686038","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stumm, Frederick 0000-0002-5388-8811 fstumm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5388-8811","contributorId":1077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stumm","given":"Frederick","email":"fstumm@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":282964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lange, Andrew D. adlange@usgs.gov","contributorId":5092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lange","given":"Andrew","email":"adlange@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":282965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Candela, Jennifer L.","contributorId":44623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Candela","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":282966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70430,"text":"ofr20041452 - 2004 - Migration stopover ecology of western avian populations: A southwestern migration workshop","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-09T11:59:11","indexId":"ofr20041452","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1452","title":"Migration stopover ecology of western avian populations: A southwestern migration workshop","docAbstract":"<p>The importance of migration stopover sites in ensuring that migratory birds successfully accomplish their journeys between breeding and non-breeding ranges has come to the forefront of avian research. Migratory birds that breed in western United States (US) and Canada and overwinter primarily in western Mexico migrate across the arid region of northern Mexico and southwestern US. Many of these migrants use lowland riparian stopover habitats, which comprise less than 0.1% of the western U.S. landscape. These habitats represent a significant conservation priority.</p>\n<p>Recognizing the importance of migration stopover habitats in the arid southwest, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Region 6 partnered with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to support a project---&ldquo;Migration stopover ecology of western avian populations: patterns of geographic and habitat distribution.&rdquo; A primary objective of the project was to convene a workshop for avian researchers, conservation professionals, and land managers involved in stopover needs of migratory birds that breed in western North America. The workshop included presentations on our current state of knowledge regarding passerine migration in western North America, techniques and technologies potentially useful in researching migration, and efforts that agencies and other partners are conducting within the realm of migration. Workshop presentations provided a backdrop for subsequent discussions, the goals of which were to identify research needs and initiate a coordinated approach to research of western migration stopover ecology.</p>\n<p>Workshop presentations spanned a wide range of concerns and interests. Highlights included indications that mid- and high-elevation riparian and montane shrubland habitats may be as crucial to western migrants in fall migration as lowland riparian habitats are in spring migration. Comparisons of eastern versus western migration systems elucidated large differences in stopover habitats used and the intensity with which certain types are used, underscoring the potential need to develop separate management approaches for eastern and western stopover sites. Presentations on techniques and technology for migration research revealed that rate of lipid deposition can serve as an indicator of habitat quality; that genetics and stable isotope analyses of feathers can be valuable tools to elucidate linkages between breeding and wintering areas; that radar imagery can be used to track large-scale movement patterns and habitat use; and that there are analytical options for combining multiple sources of information. Other presentations focused on partnership perspectives (USFWS and Sonoran Joint Venture), the genesis of a western migration monitoring network, premises of Coordinated Bird Monitoring, and how collaborative efforts could benefit migration research (e.g., combined bird and bat migration studies; linking avian researchers with fluvial geomorphologists; linking research throughout western North America; linking surveys and banding).</p>\n<p>Priority research needs and questions identified during the open discussions fell into three main categories: (1) habitat/landscape/climate relationships, (2) en route bird distribution patterns, and (3) general migration ecology. Tasks within these categories included: define the relative importance of various habitat types to migrants in spring and fall, determine what distinguishes high- from poor-quality stopover habitat; determine geographic patterns of loss in stopover habitats; model landscape attributes associated with species richness and abundance; identify effects of climate change and current climate anomalies on plant phonologies, associated insect flushes, and timing of migration; and determine effects of hydrologic changes on riparian vegetation, food availability, and stopover habitat quality.</p>\n<p>Workshop participants discussed a coordinated approach for addressing immediate research needs regarding migration patterns and crucial stopover sites and types. They envisioned a three&shy;-tiered, coordinated approach: (1) long-term research to address effects of climate change and other large-scale patterns, (2) intensive, short-term survey and monitoring efforts using a stratified random design within habitats of interest to elucidate regional patterns of distribution and habitat use, and (3) research conducted at existing survey and banding sites to address more in-depth questions (e.g., rates of lipid deposition, microhabitat use, isotope analyses). There was considerable interest in developing common research proposals to blend the broad expertise represented at this workshop. A second meeting is recommended to build on the momentum of these discussions, to facilitate collaborations, and further the goals of integrated approaches to broadscale research on migration stopover ecology.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041452","usgsCitation":"Skagen, S.K., Melcher, C.P., and Hazelwood, R., 2004, Migration stopover ecology of western avian populations: A southwestern migration workshop: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1452, iv, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041452.","productDescription":"iv, 28 p.","numberOfPages":"35","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203848,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20041452.PNG"},{"id":320281,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1452/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db635551","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skagen, Susan K. 0000-0002-6744-1244 skagens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6744-1244","contributorId":2009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skagen","given":"Susan","email":"skagens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":282410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Melcher, Cynthia P. 0000-0002-8044-9689 melcherc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8044-9689","contributorId":5094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melcher","given":"Cynthia","email":"melcherc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":282411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hazelwood, Rob","contributorId":19686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hazelwood","given":"Rob","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":282412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70736,"text":"wri034137 - 2004 - Hydrogeology and water quality of the Pepacton Reservoir Watershed in southeastern New York. Part 1. Concentrations of pesticides and their degradates in stream baseflow, 2000-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-23T11:08:56","indexId":"wri034137","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4137","title":"Hydrogeology and water quality of the Pepacton Reservoir Watershed in southeastern New York. Part 1. Concentrations of pesticides and their degradates in stream baseflow, 2000-2001","docAbstract":"<p>Baseflow samples were collected from 20 small streams in the Pepacton Reservoir watershed in Delaware County, N.Y., from December 2000 through November 2001 as part of an investigation to define the occurrence of pesticides in shallow ground water in watersheds containing either a recent (2001) corn crop, a previous (1993-94) corn crop, or no history of row-crop cultivation. Baseflow water quality was assumed to represent the chemical quality of shallow ground water within the drainage area above each sampling site.</p><p>Baseflow samples were analyzed for 57 pesticides and pesticide degradates. Three herbicides (atrazine, metolachlor and simazine) and three herbicide degradates (alachlor ESA [ethanesulfonic acid], deethylatrazine, and metolachlor ESA) were detected, but no concentrations exceeded any Federal or State water-quality criteria, and the maximum concentrations of all compounds except metolachlor ESA were less than 0.10 microgram per liter. The most frequently detected compounds (atrazine, metolachlor, deethylatrazine and metolachlor ESA) are either those typically used on corn crops, or those whose parent compounds are commonly used on corn crops and have been detected in streams that drain row-crop settings elsewhere in New York State. The pesticide and pesticide-degradate concentrations in baseflow samples collected in December 2000 and July 2001 samples generally corresponded to the amount of cornfield acreage in each watershed in 2001.</p><p>The types of pesticides detected, and their median concentrations, were similar to those noted in two previous ground-water studies in row-crop areas elsewhere in upstate New York. Also the SAM ratios (ratio of metolachlor ESA concentration to metolachlor concentration) for the Pepacton samples were similar to those for ground-water samples from other agricultural settings in upstate New York, but were significantly higher than that for stormflow and baseflow samples collected in 1997-98 from Canajoharie Creek, an upstate stream that drains row-crop farmland. These comparisons confirm that the baseflow samples were derived from, and were representative of, ground water in their respective watersheds. Late-summer decreases in atrazine and deethylatrazine concentrations at a site where corn was grown in 2001 may have resulted from the seasonally dry conditions and the accompanying decrease in ground-water discharge from the upper-most part of the surficial aquifer system to streams. The lack of a similar decrease in metolachlor ESA concentrations during this period may reflect the transport of metolachlor ESA to deeper parts of the surficial aquifer that continued to discharge to streams during the dry period.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri034137","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","usgsCitation":"Phillips, P., and Heisig, P.M., 2004, Hydrogeology and water quality of the Pepacton Reservoir Watershed in southeastern New York. Part 1. Concentrations of pesticides and their degradates in stream baseflow, 2000-2001: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4137, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034137.","productDescription":"13 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":186558,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4137/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":6627,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4137/wri20034137.pdf","text":"Report","size":"862 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 2003-4137"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","contact":"<p>Director, New York Water Science Center<br> U.S. Geological Survey<br>425 Jordan Rd<br> Troy, NY 12180<br> (518) 285-5695 <br> <a href=\"http://ny.water.usgs.gov/\" data-mce-href=\"http://ny.water.usgs.gov/\">http://ny.water.usgs.gov/</a></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Methods</li><li>Concentrations of Pesticides and Selected Degradates</li><li>Summary</li></ul>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4de4b07f02db627735","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Phillips, Patrick J. pjphilli@usgs.gov","contributorId":856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Patrick J.","email":"pjphilli@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":282959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heisig, Paul M. 0000-0003-0338-4970 pmheisig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0338-4970","contributorId":793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heisig","given":"Paul","email":"pmheisig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":282958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70175560,"text":"70175560 - 2004 - Why aren't there more beaver in Rocky Mountain National Park?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-16T16:36:00","indexId":"70175560","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Why aren't there more beaver in Rocky Mountain National Park?","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife & riparian areas: Colorado Riparian Association Seventeenth Annual Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Colorado Riparian Association Seventeenth Annual Conference","conferenceDate":"October 13-15, 2004","conferenceLocation":"Estes Park, CO","language":"English","publisher":"Colorado Riparian Association","usgsCitation":"Baker, B.W., Mitchell, D., Ducharme, H., Stanley, T., and Peinetti, H., 2004, Why aren't there more beaver in Rocky Mountain National Park?, <i>in</i> Wildlife & riparian areas: Colorado Riparian Association Seventeenth Annual Conference, Estes Park, CO, October 13-15, 2004, p. 85-90.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"85","endPage":"90","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326604,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b4395ee4b03bcb0103a02b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baker, B. W.","contributorId":118842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mitchell, D.","contributorId":99320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ducharme, H.C.","contributorId":13585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ducharme","given":"H.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stanley, T.R.","contributorId":61379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"T.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Peinetti, H.R.","contributorId":38115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peinetti","given":"H.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":58290,"text":"sir20045124 - 2004 - Determining sources of water and contaminants to wells in a carbonate aquifer near Martinsburg, Blair County, Pennsylvania, by use of geochemical indicators, analysis of anthropogenic contaminants, and simulation of ground-water flow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-10T10:27:10","indexId":"sir20045124","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5124","title":"Determining sources of water and contaminants to wells in a carbonate aquifer near Martinsburg, Blair County, Pennsylvania, by use of geochemical indicators, analysis of anthropogenic contaminants, and simulation of ground-water flow","docAbstract":"Water supply for the Borough of Martinsburg, Pa., is from two well fields (Wineland and Hershberger) completed in carbonate-bedrock aquifers in the Morrison Cove Valley. Water supply is plentiful; however, waters with high concentrations of nitrate are a concern. This report describes the sources of water and contaminants to the supply wells. A review of previous investigations was used to establish the aquifer framework and estimate aquifer hydraulic properties. Aquifer framework and simulation of ground-water flow in a 25-square-mile area using the MODFLOW model helped to further constrain aquifer hydraulic properties and identify water-source areas in the zone of contribution of ground water to the well fields. Flow simulation identified potential contaminant-source areas. Data on contaminants and geochemical characteristics of ground water at the well fields were compared to the results of flow simulation. \r\n\r\nThe Woodbury Anticline controls the aquifer framework near the well fields and four carbonate-bedrock formations contain the primary aquifers. Three carbonate-bedrock aquifers of Ordovician age overlie the Gatesburg aquifer of Cambrian age on the flanks of the anticline. Fracture, not conduit, permeability was determined to be the dominant water-bearing characteristic of the bedrock. The horizontal hydraulic conductivity of the Gatesburg aquifer is about 36 feet per day. The other carbonate aquifers (Nittany/Stonehenge, Bellefonte/Axemann, and Coburn through Loysburg aquifers) overlying and flanking the Gatesburg aquifer have horizontal hydraulic conductivities of about 1 foot per day. Regional directions of ground-water flow are toward the major streams with Clover Creek as the major discharge point for ground water in the east. Ground-water flow to the well fields is anisotropic with a 5:1 preferential horizontal direction along strike of the axial fold of the anticline. Thus, the zone of contribution of ground water to the well fields is elongate in a north-south direction along the anticline axis, with the majority of the flow to the well fields originating from the south.\r\n\r\nHuman activity in the areal extent of the zone of contribution to the well fields was the source of contaminants. The areal extent of the zone of contribution included both urban areas in the Borough and a large amount of agricultural land. By relating results of flow simulation, natural geochemistry, and analyses of anthropogenic (human-made) contaminants, the source areas for water and contaminants were determined with more confidence than by using only flow simulation. Analysis of natural geochemistry identified water sources from both limestone and dolomite aquifers. Geochemistry results also indicated fractures, not conduits, were the dominant source of water from aquifers; however, quantitative source identification was not possible. Chemical ratios of chloride and bromide were useful to show that all samples of ground water had sources with chemical contributions from land surface. Nitrogen isotope ratio analysis indicated animal manure as the possible primary source of nitrate in most ground water. Some of the nitrate in ground water had chemical fertilizer as a source. At the Wineland well field, chemical fertilizer was likely the source of nitrate. The nitrate in water from the Hershberger well field was from a mixture of fertilizer and animal-manure sources. Human sewage was ruled out as a major source of nitrate in water from the municipal wells by results showing 1) wastewater compounds in sewage were rarely detected and 2) a mass-balance calculation indicating the small contribution of nitrogen that could be attributed to septic systems.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20045124","usgsCitation":"Lindsey, B., and Koch, M.L., 2004, Determining sources of water and contaminants to wells in a carbonate aquifer near Martinsburg, Blair County, Pennsylvania, by use of geochemical indicators, analysis of anthropogenic contaminants, and simulation of ground-water flow: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5124, 52 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045124.","productDescription":"52 p.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":181154,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5861,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir20045124/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db688300","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lindsey, Bruce D. 0000-0002-7180-4319 blindsey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7180-4319","contributorId":434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindsey","given":"Bruce D.","email":"blindsey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":258660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koch, Michele L.","contributorId":17692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koch","given":"Michele","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70162281,"text":"ofr20041276 - 2004 - Analysis of minimally disruptive brief pumping tests of domestic wells completed in bedrock in the Appalachian Plateau of New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-04T13:31:53","indexId":"ofr20041276","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1276","title":"Analysis of minimally disruptive brief pumping tests of domestic wells completed in bedrock in the Appalachian Plateau of New York","docAbstract":"<p>One normal episode of pump operation in domestic wells drilled into bedrock in New York typically lasts about 1 minute and lowers the water level about 1 meter. Measurement of water levels in the pumped well before and during pumping and recovery can be completed in 2 to 3 hours and requires negligible disturbance of the well, so can be easily arranged. Such a test involves less turbulent flow or well loss than longer tests, and can be conveniently analyzed by a new computer program. Tests of 25 wells completed in shale, siltstone, or sandstone in the Appalachian Plateau of New York have been analyzed by this program and by two alternative methods, all of which yield similar transmissivity values and are equally insensitive to storativity.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041276","usgsCitation":"Randall, A.D., and Klusman, K., 2004, Analysis of minimally disruptive brief pumping tests of domestic wells completed in bedrock in the Appalachian Plateau of New York: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1276, iv, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041276.","productDescription":"iv, 8 p.","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323388,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://ny.water.usgs.gov/projects/pickingmodel/","text":"Documentation of PICKINGmodel Computer Program","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 2004-1276"},{"id":314512,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1276/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":314511,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1276/ofr20041276.pdf","text":"Report","size":"312 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2004-1276"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","contact":"<p>Director, New York Water Science Center<br>U.S. Geological Survey<br> 425 Jordan Rd<br> Troy, NY 12180<br> (518) 285-5695&nbsp;<br> <a href=\"http://ny.water.usgs.gov/\" data-mce-href=\"http://ny.water.usgs.gov/\">http://ny.water.usgs.gov/</a></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul>\n<li>Abstract</li>\n<li>Introduction&nbsp;</li>\n<li>Pumping Test Procedure</li>\n<li>Evaluation of Test Procedure</li>\n<li>Analytical Methods</li>\n<li>Evaluation of Analytical Methods</li>\n<li>Summary</li>\n<li>References Cited</li>\n</ul>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a0bdc5e4b0961cf280dc0c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Randall, Allan D. arandall@usgs.gov","contributorId":1168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Randall","given":"Allan","email":"arandall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klusman, Kate","contributorId":152377,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klusman","given":"Kate","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":69909,"text":"sim2846 - 2004 - Hydrogeology and ground-water flow at Levee 31N, Miami-Dade County, Florida, July 2003 to May 2004: As part of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-18T22:39:56.515625","indexId":"sim2846","displayToPublicDate":"2004-12-31T21:45:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2846","displayTitle":"Hydrogeology And Ground-Water Flow at Levee 31N, Miami-Dade County, Florida, July 2003 To May 2004: As Part of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan","title":"Hydrogeology and ground-water flow at Levee 31N, Miami-Dade County, Florida, July 2003 to May 2004: As part of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan","docAbstract":"<h1>Introduction</h1><p>The Levee 31N Seepage Management Pilot Project began in 2001, as part of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP). The pilot project seeks to determine the appropriate technology needed to control seepage from Everglades National Park (ENP), and provide the appropriate amount of ground-water flow to minimize potential impacts to the West Well Field and Biscayne Bay. To meet these needs, a levee cut-off wall (vertical subsurface barrier) has been proposed along Levee 31N in Miami-Dade County to reduce seepage flow from ENP. During the wet season, ground water would be captured by wells adjacent to Levee 31N and diverted into a buffer area adjacent to ENP where sheetflow would be reestablished.</p><p>An integrated, multidisciplinary investigation of ground-water flow is currently in progress by the South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD) and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers as part of the Levee 31N Seepage Management Pilot Project. Pre-seepage pilot wall ground-water flow patterns are being assessed through use of in situ heat-pulse flowmeter measurements, monitoring the vertical changes in hydraulic head and temperature, ground-water age dating, and measurement of the vertical change in ambient ground-water quality. A high-resolution hydrogeologic framework is needed as part of this effort.</p><p>In 2003, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) initiated a study to characterize the surficial aquifer system in detail to a depth of about 100 feet below ground level in the Levee 31N study area, and to delineate karst preferential ground-water flow zones. This study was part of a cooperative agreement between the USGS and the SFWMD (USGS Joint Funding Agreement No. 04E0FL208011 and SFWMD Agreement No. CPO40324), and funded through CERP.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim2846","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the South Florida Water Management District and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers as part of the Comprehensive Everglades and Restoration Plan","usgsCitation":"Cunningham, K.J., Wacker, M.A., Robinson, E., Gefvert, C.J., and Krupa, S.L., 2004, Hydrogeology and ground-water flow at Levee 31N, Miami-Dade County, Florida, July 2003 to May 2004: As part of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2846, 2 Plates: 30.00 x 30.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2846.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 30.00 x 30.00 inches","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":388667,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_70587.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":188518,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2846/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":362230,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2846/sim2846_page1.pdf","text":"Front","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":362231,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2846/sim2846_page2.pdf","text":"Back","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Miami-Dade County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.5531,\n              25.6097\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.4167,\n              25.6097\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.4167,\n              25.8064\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.5531,\n              25.8064\n              ],\n            [\n              -80.5531,\n              25.6097\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p><a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/car-fl-water\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/car-fl-water\">Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>3321 College Avenue<br>Davie, FL 33314</p><p><a href=\"../contact\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Introduction</li><li>Hydrology</li><li>Ground-Water Flow</li><li>Summary</li><li>References</li></ul>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ce4b07f02db626878","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cunningham, Kevin J. 0000-0002-2179-8686 kcunning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2179-8686","contributorId":1689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"Kevin","email":"kcunning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wacker, Michael A. mwacker@usgs.gov","contributorId":2162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wacker","given":"Michael","email":"mwacker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robinson, Edward","contributorId":99633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Edward","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gefvert, Cynthia J.","contributorId":48438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gefvert","given":"Cynthia","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Krupa, Steven L.","contributorId":93558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krupa","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":53804,"text":"wri034287 - 2004 - Two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation of surface-water flow and transport to Florida Bay through the Southern Inland and Coastal Systems (SICS)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-04T17:20:55.689131","indexId":"wri034287","displayToPublicDate":"2004-12-31T21:40:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4287","displayTitle":"Two-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Simulation of Surface-Water Flow and Transport to Florida Bay Through the Southern Inland and Coastal Systems (SICS)","title":"Two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation of surface-water flow and transport to Florida Bay through the Southern Inland and Coastal Systems (SICS)","docAbstract":"Successful restoration of the southern Florida ecosystem requires extensive knowledge of the physical characteristics and hydrologic processes controlling water flow and transport of constituents through extremely low-gradient freshwater marshes, shallow mangrove-fringed coastal creeks and tidal embayments, and near-shore marine waters. A sound, physically based numerical model can provide simulations of the differing hydrologic conditions that might result from various ecosystem restoration scenarios. Because hydrology and ecology are closely linked in southern Florida, hydrologic model results also can be used by ecologists to evaluate the degree of ecosystem restoration that could be achieved for various hydrologic conditions.\r\n\r\nA robust proven model, SWIFT2D, (Surface-Water Integrated Flow and Transport in Two Dimensions), was modified to simulate Southern Inland and Coastal Systems (SICS) hydrodynamics and transport conditions. Modifications include improvements to evapotranspiration and rainfall calculation and to the algorithms that describe flow through coastal creeks. Techniques used in this model should be applicable to other similar low-gradient marsh settings in southern Florida and elsewhere.\r\n\r\nNumerous investigations were conducted within the SICS area of southeastern Everglades National Park and northeastern Florida Bay to provide data and parameter values for model development and testing. The U.S. Geological Survey and the National Park Service supported investigations for quantification of evapotranspiration, vegetative resistance to flow, wind-induced flow, land elevations, vegetation classifications, salinity conditions, exchange of ground and surface waters, and flow and transport in coastal creeks and embayments.\r\n\r\nThe good agreement that was achieved between measured and simulated water levels, flows, and salinities through minimal adjustment of empirical coefficients indicates that hydrologic processes within the SICS area are represented properly in the SWIFT2D model, and that the spatial and temporal resolution of these processes in the model is adequate. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to determine the effect of changes in boundary conditions and parameter values on simulation results, which aided in identifying areas of greatest uncertainty in the model. The parameter having the most uncertainty (most in need of further field study) was the flow coefficient for coastal creeks. Smaller uncertainties existed for wetlands frictional resistance and wind. Evapotranspiration and boundary inflows indicated the least uncertainty as determined by varying parameters used in their formulation and definition. \r\n\r\nModel results indicated that wind was important in reversing coastal creek flows. At Trout Creek (the major tributary connecting Taylor Slough wetlands with Florida Bay), flow in the landward direction was not simulated properly unless wind forcing was included in the simulation. Simulations also provided insight into the major influence that wind has on salinity mixing along the coast, the varying distribution of wetland flows at differing water levels, and the importance of topography in controlling flows to the coast. Slight topographic variations were shown to highly influence the routing of water.\r\n\r\nA multiple regression analysis was performed to relate inflows at the northern boundary of Taylor Slough bridge to a major pump station (S-332) north of the SICS model area. This analysis allows Taylor Slough bridge boundary conditions to be defined for the model from operating scenarios at S-332, which should facilitate use of the SICS model as an operational tool.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri034287","usgsCitation":"Swain, E.D., Wolfert, M.A., Bales, J.D., and Goodwin, C., 2004, Two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation of surface-water flow and transport to Florida Bay through the Southern Inland and Coastal Systems (SICS): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4287, 56 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034287.","productDescription":"56 p.","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":180902,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri034287/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":5217,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri034287/wri03_4287_swain.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.74 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.90606689453124,\n              25.078136134310142\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.20843505859375,\n              25.078136134310142\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.20843505859375,\n              25.893820362797484\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.90606689453124,\n              25.893820362797484\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.90606689453124,\n              25.078136134310142\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p><a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/car-fl-water\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/car-fl-water\">Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>3321 College Avenue<br>Davie, FL 33314</p><p><a href=\"../contact\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a48e4b07f02db62380d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swain, Eric D. 0000-0001-7168-708X edswain@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7168-708X","contributorId":1538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swain","given":"Eric","email":"edswain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wolfert, Melinda A.","contributorId":86033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolfert","given":"Melinda","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bales, Jerad D. 0000-0001-8398-6984 jdbales@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8398-6984","contributorId":683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bales","given":"Jerad","email":"jdbales@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5058,"text":"Office of the Chief Scientist for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Goodwin, Carl R.","contributorId":76284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goodwin","given":"Carl R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70211113,"text":"70211113 - 2004 - Nitrogen transformations in hot spring runoff, Yellowstone National Park, WY","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-14T23:32:27.25846","indexId":"70211113","displayToPublicDate":"2004-12-31T18:28:30","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Nitrogen transformations in hot spring runoff, Yellowstone National Park, WY","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water-rock interaction: Proceedings of the eleventh International Symposium on water-rock interaction","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Eleventh International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction","conferenceDate":"June 27-July 2, 2004","conferenceLocation":"Saratoga Springs, NY","language":"English","publisher":"A. A. Balkema","usgsCitation":"Holloway, J.M., Nordstrom, D.K., and Smith, R.L., 2004, Nitrogen transformations in hot spring runoff, Yellowstone National Park, WY, <i>in</i> Water-rock interaction: Proceedings of the eleventh International Symposium on water-rock interaction, Saratoga Springs, NY, June 27-July 2, 2004, p. 145-148.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"145","endPage":"148","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":376398,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.0443115234375,\n              44.071800467511565\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.6929931640625,\n              44.071800467511565\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.6929931640625,\n              45.00753503123719\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.0443115234375,\n              45.00753503123719\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.0443115234375,\n              44.071800467511565\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Wanty, Richard B. 0000-0002-2063-6423 rwanty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2063-6423","contributorId":443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wanty","given":"Richard","email":"rwanty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":792817,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seal,, Robert R. II 0000-0003-0901-2529 rseal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0901-2529","contributorId":141204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seal,","given":"Robert R.","suffix":"II","email":"rseal@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":792818,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Holloway, JoAnn M. 0000-0003-3603-7668 jholloway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3603-7668","contributorId":918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holloway","given":"JoAnn","email":"jholloway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":792814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":792815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, R. L.","contributorId":93904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":792816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}