{"pageNumber":"2671","pageRowStart":"66750","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184579,"records":[{"id":58171,"text":"sir20045234 - 2004 - Simulated peak inflows for glacier dammed Russell Fiord, near Yakutat, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:17","indexId":"sir20045234","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5234","title":"Simulated peak inflows for glacier dammed Russell Fiord, near Yakutat, Alaska","docAbstract":"In June 2002, Hubbard Glacier advanced across the entrance to 35-mile-long Russell Fiord creating a glacier-dammed lake. After closure of the ice and moraine dam, runoff from mountain streams and glacial melt caused the level in ?Russell Lake? to rise until it eventually breached the dam on August 14, 2002. Daily mean inflows to the lake during the period of closure were estimated on the basis of lake stage data and the hypsometry of Russell Lake. Inflows were regressed against the daily mean streamflows of nearby Ophir Creek and Situk River to generate an equation for simulating Russell Lake inflow. The regression equation was used to produce 11 years of synthetic daily inflows to Russell Lake for the 1992-2002 water years. A flood-frequency analysis was applied to the peak daily mean inflows for these 11 years of record to generate a 100-year peak daily mean inflow of 235,000 cubic feet per second. Regional-regression equations also were applied to the Russell Lake basin, yielding a 100-year inflow of 157,000 cubic feet per second.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20045234","usgsCitation":"Neal, E., 2004, Simulated peak inflows for glacier dammed Russell Fiord, near Yakutat, Alaska (Online only): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5234, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045234.","productDescription":"10 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":184376,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5784,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir2004-5234/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Online only","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db698152","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neal, Edward G.","contributorId":68775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"Edward G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":58169,"text":"sir20045246 - 2004 - Evaluation of U.S. Geological Survey Monitoring-well network and potential effects of changes in water use, Newlands Project, Churchill County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:17","indexId":"sir20045246","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5246","title":"Evaluation of U.S. Geological Survey Monitoring-well network and potential effects of changes in water use, Newlands Project, Churchill County, Nevada","docAbstract":"Domestic wells tapping shallow ground water are an important source of potable water for rural residents of Lahontan Valley. For this reason, the public has expressed concern over the acquisition of water rights directed by Public Law 101-618. The acquisition has resulted in removal of land from irrigation, which could cause shallow domestic wells to go dry and adversely affect shallow ground-water quality. \r\n\r\nPeriodic water-level measurements and water-quality sampling at a monitoring-well network developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) provided data to evaluate the potential effects of changes in water use. The USGS, in cooperation with Churchill County, analyzed these data and the monitoring-well network to determine if the network provides an adequate means to measure the response of the shallow aquifer to changes in water use, and to determine if measurable changes have taken place. \r\n\r\nTo evaluate the USGS monitoring-well network, wells were characterized by their distance from active canals or ditches, and from currently (2003) or formerly irrigated land. An analysis of historical data showed that about 9,800 acres of land have been removed from irrigation, generally from the late 1990's to 2003. Twenty-five wells in the network are within about 1 mile of fields removed from irrigation. Of the 25 wells, 13 are within 300 feet of canals or ditches where seepage maintains stable water levels. The 13 wells likely are not useful for detecting changes caused by reductions in irrigation. The remaining 12 wells range from about 400 to 3,800 feet from the nearest canal and are useful for detecting continued changes from current reductions in irrigation. The evaluation showed that of the 75 wells in the network, only 8 wells are likely to be useful for detecting the effects of future (after 2003) reductions in irrigation.\r\n\r\nWater levels at most of the monitoring wells near irrigated land have declined from 1998 to 2003 because of drought conditions and below normal releases from Lahontan Reservoir. This period coincides with the period of irrigation reductions, tending to mask declines directly caused by the reductions. It is likely that seepage from the diffuse network of canals and ditches in Lahontan Valley also masks declines caused by reductions in irrigation. In addition, the limited number of monitoring wells near land removed from irrigation, yet more than 300 feet from an active canal, does not allow a valid statistical correlation between reductions in irrigation and water-level declines. \r\n\r\nWater-level declines between the last two periods of below normal releases from Lahontan Reservoir, 1992-95 and 2000-2003, ranged from 0.4 to 4.2 feet at 11 monitoring wells near land removed from irrigation. The maximum observed water declines were about 2 to 4 feet in three wells in the southern part of Lahontan Valley. The three wells are near or surrounded by more than 1,000 acres removed from irrigation, are now more than 3,600 feet from continued irrigation, and are within 300 feet of a canal with greatly decreased use. Water levels generally rose in monitoring wells near Stillwater, Nevada, even though large amounts of nearby land were removed from irrigation. This was likely caused by conditions in 2003 that were not as dry as those in the early 1990's and additional seepage from the increased use and stage of canals for delivery of water to wetland areas.\r\n\r\nFive wells have been sampled since the late 1990's and two wells have been sampled since 2000 to evaluate long-term changes in water quality. Specific conductance of water sampled from these wells was used to evaluate changes in water quality. One well shows a large decline in specific conductance that may be related to changes in water use. In three other wells that showed a decrease in specific conductance it is uncertain if the decrease was related to changes in water use because samples were not collected shortly before and after the time land was removed","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20045246","usgsCitation":"Maurer, D.K., Seiler, R.L., and Watkins, S.A., 2004, Evaluation of U.S. Geological Survey Monitoring-well network and potential effects of changes in water use, Newlands Project, Churchill County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5246, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045246.","productDescription":"53 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":184374,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5782,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir2004-5246/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5faf95","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maurer, Douglas K. dkmaurer@usgs.gov","contributorId":2308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maurer","given":"Douglas","email":"dkmaurer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":258434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seiler, Ralph L.","contributorId":13609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seiler","given":"Ralph","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Watkins, Sharon A.","contributorId":93880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watkins","given":"Sharon","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":57987,"text":"sir20045021 - 2004 - Water-quality, biological, and physical-habitat conditions at fixed sites in the Cook Inlet Basin, Alaska, National Water-Quality Assessment Study Unit, October 1998-September 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:14","indexId":"sir20045021","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5021","title":"Water-quality, biological, and physical-habitat conditions at fixed sites in the Cook Inlet Basin, Alaska, National Water-Quality Assessment Study Unit, October 1998-September 2001","docAbstract":"The Cook Inlet Basin study unit of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment Program comprises 39,325 square miles in south-central Alaska. Data were collected at eight fixed sites to provide baseline information in areas where no development has taken place, urbanization or logging have occurred, or the effects of recreation are increasing. Collection of water-quality, biology, and physical-habitat data began in October 1998 and ended in September 2001 (water years 1999-2001).\r\n\r\nThe climate for the water years in the study may be categorized as slightly cool-wet (1999), slightly warm-wet (2000), and significantly warm-dry (2001). Total precipitation was near normal during the study period, and air temperatures ranged from modestly cool in water year 1999 to near normal in 2000, and to notably warm in 2001. Snowmelt runoff dominates the hydrology of streams in the Cook Inlet Basin. Average annual flows at the fixed sites were approximately the same as the long-term average annual flows, with the exception of those in glacier-fed basins, which had above-average flow in water year 2001.\r\n\r\nWater temperature of all streams studied in the Cook Inlet Basin remained at 0 oC for about 6 months per year, and average annual water temperatures ranged from 3.3 to 6.2 degrees Celsius. Of the water-quality constituents sampled, all concentrations were less than drinking-water standards and only one constituent, the pesticide carbaryl, exceeded aquatic-life standards. Most of the stream waters of the Cook Inlet Basin were classified as calcium bicarbonate, which reflects the underlying geology. Streams in the Cook Inlet Basin draining areas with glaciers, rough mountainous terrain, and poorly developed soils have low concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, and dissolved organic carbon compared with concentrations of these same constituents in streams in lowland or urbanized areas. In streams draining relatively low-lying areas, most of the suspended sediment, nutrients, and dissolved organic carbon are transported in the spring from the melting snowpack. The urbanized stream, Chester Creek, had the highest concentrations of calcium, magnesium, chloride, and sodium, most likely because of the application of de-icing materials during the winter. Several volatile organic compounds and pesticides also were detected in samples from this stream.\r\n\r\nAquatic communities in the Cook Inlet Basin are naturally different than similar sites in the contiguous United States because of the unique conditions of the northern latitudes where the Cook Inlet Basin is located, such as extreme diurnal cycles and long periods of ice cover. Blue-green algae was the dominant algae found at all sites although in some years green algae was the most dominant algae. Macroinvertebrate communities consist primarily of Diptera (true flies), Ephemeroptera (mayflies), and Plecoptera (stoneflies). Lowland areas have higher abundance of aquatic communities than glacier-fed basins. However, samples from the urbanized stream, Chester Creek, were dominated by oligochaetes, a class of worms. Most of the functional feeding groups were collector-gatherers. The number of taxa for both algae and macroinvertebrates were highest in water year 2001, which may be due to the relative mild winter of 2000?2001 and the above average air temperatures for this water year.\r\n\r\nThe streams in the Cook Inlet Basin typically are low gradient. Bank substrates consist of silt, clay, or sand, and bed substrate consists of coarse gravel or cobbles. Vegetation is primarily shrubs and woodlands with spruce or cottonwood trees. Canopy angles vary with the size of the stream or river and are relatively low at the smaller streams and high at the larger streams. Suitable fish habitat, such as woody debris, pools, cobble substrate, and overhanging vegetation, is found at most sites.\r\n\r\nOf the human activities occurring in the fixed site basins ? high recreational use, logging, and urbanizat","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20045021","usgsCitation":"Brabets, T.P., and Whitman, M.S., 2004, Water-quality, biological, and physical-habitat conditions at fixed sites in the Cook Inlet Basin, Alaska, National Water-Quality Assessment Study Unit, October 1998-September 2001 (Online Only): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5021, 118 p.; 6 tables in Excel file format, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045021.","productDescription":"118 p.; 6 tables in Excel file format","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":185310,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5944,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir20045021/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Online Only","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db6978d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brabets, Timothy P. tbrabets@usgs.gov","contributorId":2087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brabets","given":"Timothy","email":"tbrabets@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":258105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whitman, Matthew S.","contributorId":67961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whitman","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7217,"text":"Bureau of Land Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":258106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":58166,"text":"sir20045229 - 2004 - Occurrence and distribution of trace elements in snow, streams, and streambed sediments, Cape Krusenstern National Monument, Alaska, 2002-2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:17","indexId":"sir20045229","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5229","title":"Occurrence and distribution of trace elements in snow, streams, and streambed sediments, Cape Krusenstern National Monument, Alaska, 2002-2003","docAbstract":"Cape Krusenstern National Monument is located in Northwest Alaska. In 1985, an exchange of lands and interests in lands between the Northwest Alaska Native Association and the United States resulted in a 100-year transportation system easement for 19,747 acres in the monument. A road was then constructed along the easement from the Red Dog Mine, a large zinc concentrate producer and located northeast of the monument, through the monument to the coast and a port facility. Each year approximately 1.3 million tonnes of zinc and lead concentrate are transported from the Red Dog Mine via this access road. Concern about the possible deposition of cadmium, lead, zinc and other trace elements in the monument was the basis of a cooperative project with the National Park Service.\r\n\r\nConcentrations of dissolved cadmium, dissolved lead, and dissolved zinc from 28 snow samples from a 28 mile by 16 mile grid were below drinking water standards. In the particulate phase, approximately 25 percent of the samples analyzed for these trace elements were higher than the typical range found in Alaska soils. Boxplots of concentrations of these trace elements, both in the dissolved and particulate phase, indicate higher concentrations north of the access road, most likely due to the prevailing southeast wind.\r\n\r\nThe waters of four streams sampled in Cape Krusenstern National Monument are classified as calcium bicarbonate. Trace-element concentrations from these streams were below drinking water standards. Median concentrations of 39 trace elements from streambed sediments collected from 29 sites are similar to the median concentrations of trace elements from the U.S. Geological Survey?s National Water-Quality Assessment database. Statistical differences were noted between trace-element concentrations of cadmium, lead, and zinc at sites along the access road and sites north and south of the access road; concentrations along the access road being higher than north or south of the road. When normalized to 1 percent organic carbon, the concentrations of these trace elements are not expected to be toxic to aquatic life when compared to criteria established by the Canadian government and other recent research.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20045229","usgsCitation":"Brabets, T.P., 2004, Occurrence and distribution of trace elements in snow, streams, and streambed sediments, Cape Krusenstern National Monument, Alaska, 2002-2003: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5229, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045229.","productDescription":"37 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":184276,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5779,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir20045229/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afbe4b07f02db6961dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brabets, Timothy P. tbrabets@usgs.gov","contributorId":2087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brabets","given":"Timothy","email":"tbrabets@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":258429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":58246,"text":"ofr20041378 - 2004 - Major-element, sulfur, and chlorine compositions of glasses from the submarine flank of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, Collected During 1998-2002 Japan Marine Science and Technology Center (JAMSTEC) Cruises","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-16T08:50:09","indexId":"ofr20041378","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1378","title":"Major-element, sulfur, and chlorine compositions of glasses from the submarine flank of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, Collected During 1998-2002 Japan Marine Science and Technology Center (JAMSTEC) Cruises","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041378","usgsCitation":"Coombs, M.L., Sisson, T.W., and Lipman, P.W., 2004, Major-element, sulfur, and chlorine compositions of glasses from the submarine flank of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, Collected During 1998-2002 Japan Marine Science and Technology Center (JAMSTEC) Cruises (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1378, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041378.","productDescription":"7 p.","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":5829,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1378/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":185147,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.29131889343262,\n              19.378603724290507\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.2375030517578,\n              19.378603724290507\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.2375030517578,\n              19.416816177675052\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.29131889343262,\n              19.416816177675052\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.29131889343262,\n              19.378603724290507\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649cb9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coombs, Michelle L. 0000-0002-6002-6806 mcoombs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6002-6806","contributorId":2809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coombs","given":"Michelle","email":"mcoombs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sisson, Thomas W. 0000-0003-3380-6425 tsisson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3380-6425","contributorId":2341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sisson","given":"Thomas","email":"tsisson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lipman, Peter W. 0000-0001-9175-6118 plipman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9175-6118","contributorId":3486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipman","given":"Peter","email":"plipman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":58026,"text":"fs20043086 - 2004 - Monitoring water-level and water-quality response to conservation measures in the Sparta Aquifer of the Union County, Arkansas area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:26","indexId":"fs20043086","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-3086","title":"Monitoring water-level and water-quality response to conservation measures in the Sparta Aquifer of the Union County, Arkansas area","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs20043086","usgsCitation":"Yeatts, D.S., 2004, Monitoring water-level and water-quality response to conservation measures in the Sparta Aquifer of the Union County, Arkansas area: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2004-3086, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20043086.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5956,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/fs2004-3086/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":120708,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2004_3086.bmp"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -93.5,33 ], [ -93.5,34 ], [ -91.75,34 ], [ -91.75,33 ], [ -93.5,33 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db699062","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yeatts, Daniel S.","contributorId":22015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yeatts","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":58243,"text":"ofr20041310 - 2004 - Alaska resource data file: Sleetmute quadrangle, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-23T19:19:11.861954","indexId":"ofr20041310","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1310","title":"Alaska resource data file: Sleetmute quadrangle, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041310","usgsCitation":"Bundtzen, T., and Miller, M.L., 2004, Alaska resource data file: Sleetmute quadrangle, Alaska (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1310, 160 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041310.","productDescription":"160 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5826,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1310/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":486540,"rank":5,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1310/of2004-1310.pdf","text":"Report","size":"713 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2004-1310 PDF"},{"id":484144,"rank":3,"type":{"id":18,"text":"Project Site"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P96MMRFD","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":185034,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":484145,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_69997.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Sleetmute quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -159,\n              62\n            ],\n            [\n              -159,\n              61\n            ],\n            [\n              -156,\n              61\n            ],\n            [\n              -156,\n              62\n            ],\n            [\n              -159,\n              62\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db6882f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bundtzen, Thomas K.","contributorId":83560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bundtzen","given":"Thomas K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Marti L. 0000-0003-0285-4942 mlmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0285-4942","contributorId":561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Marti","email":"mlmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":58231,"text":"sir20045122 - 2004 - Simulated effects of the 2003 permitted withdrawals and water-management alternatives on reservoir storage and firm yields of three surface-water supplies, Ipswich River Basin, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:21","indexId":"sir20045122","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5122","title":"Simulated effects of the 2003 permitted withdrawals and water-management alternatives on reservoir storage and firm yields of three surface-water supplies, Ipswich River Basin, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"The Hydrologic Simulation Program\u0013FORTRAN (HSPF) model of the Ipswich River Basin previously developed by the U.S. Geological Survey was modified to evaluate the effects of the 2003 withdrawal permits and water-management alternatives on reservoir storage and yields of the Lynn, Peabody, and Salem\u0013Beverly water-supply systems. These systems obtain all or part of their water from the Ipswich River Basin. The HSPF model simulated the complex water budgets to the three supply systems, including effects of regulations that restrict withdrawals by the time of year, minimum streamflow thresholds, and the capacity of each system to pump water from the river. The 2003 permits restrict withdrawals from the Ipswich River between November 1 and May 31 to streamflows above a 1.0 cubic foot per second per square mile (ft3/s/mi2) threshold, to high flows between June 1 and October 31, and to a maximum annual volume. Yields and changes in reservoir storage over the 35-year simulation period (1961\u001395) were also evaluated for each system with a hypothetical low-capacity pump, alternative seasonal streamflow thresholds, and withdrawals that result in successive failures (depleted storage).\r\n\r\nThe firm yields, the maximum yields that can be met during a severe drought, calculated for each water-supply system, under the 2003 permitted withdrawals, were 7.31 million gallons per day (Mgal/d) for the Lynn, 3.01 Mgal/d for the Peabody, and 7.98 Mgal/d for the Salem\u0013Beverly systems; these yields are 31, 49, and 21 percent less than their average 1998\u00132000 demands, respectively. The simulations with the same permit restrictions and a hypothetical low-capacity pump for each system resulted in slightly increased yields for the Lynn and Salem\u0013Beverly systems, but a slightly decreased yield for the Peabody system.\r\n\r\nSimulations to evaluate the effects of alternative streamflow thresholds on water supply indicated that firm yields were generally about twice as sensitive to decreases in the November\u0013February or March\u0013May thresholds than to increases in these thresholds. Firm yields were also generally slightly less sensitive to changes in the November\u0013February than to changes in the March\u0013May thresholds in the Peabody and Salem\u0013Beverly water-supply systems. Decreases in the June\u0013October streamflow threshold did not affect any of the system's firm yield.\r\n\r\nSimulations of withdrawal rates that resulted in successive near failures during the 1961\u001395 period indicated the tradeoff between increased yield and risks. The Lynn and Peabody systems were allowed to near failure up to six times. At the sixth near failure, yields of these systems increased to 10.18 and 4.43 Mgal/d, respectively; these rates increased the amount of water obtained from the Ipswich River Basin (relative to the firm-yield rate), as a percentage of average 1998\u00132000 demands, from 68 to 96 percent and from 51 to 75 percent, respectively. The Salem\u0013Beverly system was able to meet demands after the third near failure. Reservoir storage was depleted about 6 percent of the time at the withdrawal rate that caused the sixth near failure in the Lynn and Peabody system and about 3 percent of the time at the withdrawal rate that caused the third near failure in the Salem\u0013Beverly system. Supply systems are at greatest risk of failure from persistent droughts (lasting more than 1 year), but short-term droughts also present risks during the fall and winter when the supply systems are most vulnerable. Uncertainties in model performance, simplification of reservoir systems and their management, and the possibility of droughts of severity greater than simulated in this investigation underscore the fact that the firm yield calculated for each system cannot be considered a withdrawal rate that is absolutely fail-safe. Thus, the consequences of failure are an important consideration in the planning and management of these systems.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20045122","usgsCitation":"Zarriello, P.J., 2004, Simulated effects of the 2003 permitted withdrawals and water-management alternatives on reservoir storage and firm yields of three surface-water supplies, Ipswich River Basin, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5122, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045122.","productDescription":"53 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":184121,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5814,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2004/5122/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f9e4b07f02db5f32d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zarriello, Phillip J. 0000-0001-9598-9904 pzarriel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9598-9904","contributorId":1868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zarriello","given":"Phillip","email":"pzarriel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":58032,"text":"sir20045060 - 2004 - Chloride in ground water and surface water in the vicinity of selected surface-water sampling sites of the beneficial use monitoring program of Oklahoma, 2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:29","indexId":"sir20045060","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5060","title":"Chloride in ground water and surface water in the vicinity of selected surface-water sampling sites of the beneficial use monitoring program of Oklahoma, 2003","docAbstract":"The Oklahoma Water Resources Board Beneficial Use Monitoring Program reported exceedances of beneficial-use standards for chloride at 11 surface-water sampling sites from January to October 2002. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality, conducted a study to determine the chloride concentrations in ground water in the vicinity of Beneficial Use Monitoring Program surface-water sampling sites not meeting beneficial use standards for chloride and compare chloride concentrations in ground water and surface water. The chloride-impaired Beneficial Use Monitoring Program surface-water sampling sites are located in the western and southern regions of Oklahoma. The ground-water sampling sites were placed in proximity to the 11 surface-water sampling sites designated impaired by chloride by the Oklahoma Water Resources Board. Two surface-water sampling sites were located on the Beaver River (headwaters of the North Canadian River), three sites on the Cimarron River, one site on Sandy Creek, one site on North Fork Red River, and four sites on the Red River. \r\n\r\nSix ground-water samples were collected, when possible, from two test holes located upstream from each of the 11 Beneficial Use Monitoring Program surface-water sampling sites. One test hole was placed on the left bank and right bank, when possible, of each Beneficial Use Monitoring Program surfacewater sampling site. All test holes were located on alluvial deposits adjacent to the Beneficial Use Monitoring Program surface-water sampling sites within 0.5 mile of the stream. Top, middle, and bottom ground-water samples were collected from the alluvium at each test hole, when possible. Water properties of specific conductance, pH, water temperature, and dissolved oxygen were recorded in the field before sampling for chloride.\r\n\r\nThe ground-water median chloride concentrations at 8 of the 11 Beneficial Use Monitoring Program sites were less than the surface-water median chloride concentrations. The Turpin and Beaver sites had similar ground-water and surface-water median chloride concentrations. The Buffalo site was the only site that had a large difference between the ground-water and surface-water chloride concentrations. The ground-water median chloride concentration was approximately 14,500 mg/L greater than the surface-water median chloride concentration at the Buffalo site.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20045060","usgsCitation":"Mashburn, S.L., and Sughru, M.P., 2004, Chloride in ground water and surface water in the vicinity of selected surface-water sampling sites of the beneficial use monitoring program of Oklahoma, 2003: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5060, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045060.","productDescription":"42 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5962,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir2004-5060/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":183232,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e481ee4b07f02db4e05ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mashburn, Shana L. 0000-0001-5163-778X shanam@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5163-778X","contributorId":2140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mashburn","given":"Shana","email":"shanam@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sughru, Michael P.","contributorId":78396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sughru","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":57990,"text":"sir20045205 - 2004 - Death Valley regional ground-water flow system, Nevada and California -- hydrogeologic framework and transient ground-water flow model","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":57990,"text":"sir20045205 - 2004 - Death Valley regional ground-water flow system, Nevada and California -- hydrogeologic framework and transient ground-water flow model","indexId":"sir20045205","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"title":"Death Valley regional ground-water flow system, Nevada and California -- hydrogeologic framework and transient ground-water flow model"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":98619,"text":"pp1711 - 2010 - Death Valley regional groundwater flow system, Nevada and California: Hydrogeologic framework and transient groundwater flow model","indexId":"pp1711","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Death Valley regional groundwater flow system, Nevada and California: Hydrogeologic framework and transient groundwater flow model"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":98619,"text":"pp1711 - 2010 - Death Valley regional groundwater flow system, Nevada and California: Hydrogeologic framework and transient groundwater flow model","indexId":"pp1711","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Death Valley regional groundwater flow system, Nevada and California: Hydrogeologic framework and transient groundwater flow model"},"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-24T16:06:04","indexId":"sir20045205","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5205","title":"Death Valley regional ground-water flow system, Nevada and California -- hydrogeologic framework and transient ground-water flow model","docAbstract":"A numerical three-dimensional (3D) transient ground-water flow model of the Death Valley region was developed by the U.S. Geological Survey for the U.S. Department of Energy programs at the Nevada Test Site and at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Decades of study of aspects of the ground-water flow system and previous less extensive ground-water flow models were incorporated and reevaluated together with new data to provide greater detail for the complex, digital model. \r\n\r\nA 3D digital hydrogeologic framework model (HFM) was developed from digital elevation models, geologic maps, borehole information, geologic and hydrogeologic cross sections, and other 3D models to represent the geometry of the hydrogeologic units (HGUs). Structural features, such as faults and fractures, that affect ground-water flow also were added. The HFM represents Precambrian and Paleozoic crystalline and sedimentary rocks, Mesozoic sedimentary rocks, Mesozoic to Cenozoic intrusive rocks, Cenozoic volcanic tuffs and lavas, and late Cenozoic sedimentary deposits of the Death Valley Regional Ground-Water Flow System (DVRFS) region in 27 HGUs. \r\n\r\nInformation from a series of investigations was compiled to conceptualize and quantify hydrologic components of the ground-water flow system within the DVRFS model domain and to provide hydraulic-property and head-observation data used in the calibration of the transient-flow model. These studies reevaluated natural ground-water discharge occurring through evapotranspiration and spring flow; the history of ground-water pumping from 1913 through 1998; ground-water recharge simulated as net infiltration; model boundary inflows and outflows based on regional hydraulic gradients and water budgets of surrounding areas; hydraulic conductivity and its relation to depth; and water levels appropriate for regional simulation of prepumped and pumped conditions within the DVRFS model domain. Simulation results appropriate for the regional extent and scale of the model were provided by acquiring additional data, by reevaluating existing data using current technology and concepts, and by refining earlier interpretations to reflect the current understanding of the regional ground-water flow system. \r\n\r\nGround-water flow in the Death Valley region is composed of several interconnected, complex ground-water flow systems. Ground-water flow occurs in three subregions in relatively shallow and localized flow paths that are superimposed on deeper, regional flow paths. Regional ground-water flow is predominantly through a thick Paleozoic carbonate rock sequence affected by complex geologic structures from regional faulting and fracturing that can enhance or impede flow. Spring flow and evapotranspiration (ET) are the dominant natural ground-water discharge processes. Ground water also is withdrawn for agricultural, commercial, and domestic uses.\r\n\r\nGround-water flow in the DVRFS was simulated using MODFLOW-2000, a 3D finite-difference modular ground-water flow modeling code that incorporates a nonlinear least-squares regression technique to estimate aquifer parameters. The DVRFS model has 16 layers of defined thickness, a finite-difference grid consisting of 194 rows and 160 columns, and uniform cells 1,500 m on each side. \r\n\r\nPrepumping conditions (before 1913) were used as the initial conditions for the transient-state calibration. The model uses annual stress periods with discrete recharge and discharge components. Recharge occurs mostly from infiltration of precipitation and runoff on high mountain ranges and from a small amount of underflow from adjacent basins. Discharge occurs primarily through ET and spring discharge (both simulated as drains) and water withdrawal by pumping and, to a lesser amount, by underflow to adjacent basins, also simulated by drains. All parameter values estimated by the regression are reasonable and within the range of expected values. The simulated hydraulic heads of the final calibrated transient model gener","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20045205","usgsCitation":"2004, Death Valley regional ground-water flow system, Nevada and California -- hydrogeologic framework and transient ground-water flow model: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5205, 408 p.; 2 plates, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045205.","productDescription":"408 p.; 2 plates","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":185416,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5947,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir20045205/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db6728ae","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Belcher, Wayne R.","contributorId":79446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belcher","given":"Wayne R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725777,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":58245,"text":"ofr20041345 - 2004 - Modeling of the Climax Stock and Related Plutons Based on the Inversion of Magnetic Data, Southwest Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:21","indexId":"ofr20041345","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1345","title":"Modeling of the Climax Stock and Related Plutons Based on the Inversion of Magnetic Data, Southwest Nevada","docAbstract":"Two models of the Climax and Gold Meadows stocks were generated using a new method of magnetic inversion modeling based on the pseudogravity anomaly. The first model examined the shape of the two stocks and their connection at depth, concluding that the stocks are connected -4000 m below the ground surface. The second model re-examined the shape and depth of the Climax stock using a two-layer model and new magnetic data collected from drill hole ER-8-1. Existing and new magnetic data support a model of a zoned pluton with increasing magnetization with depth. A model of a zoned pluton was generated and adjusted to fit the magnetic anomaly measured over the stock. The model has an upper layer that extends to a depth of 1,700 m and is magnetized at 0.06 A/m, and a lower layer that extends to a maximum depth of 7,600 m and is magnetized at 0.17 A/m. The model matches the outcrop data, but was unable to match the intercept of the Climax stock from drill hole ER-8-1.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041345","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U. S. Department of Energy\r\nNational Nuclear Security Administration, Office of Environmental Management, Nevada Site Office, under Interagency Agreement DE-AI52-01NV13944","usgsCitation":"Phelps, G., Jachens, R.C., Moring, B.C., and Roberts, C.W., 2004, Modeling of the Climax Stock and Related Plutons Based on the Inversion of Magnetic Data, Southwest Nevada (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1345, 21 p.; 8 data files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041345.","productDescription":"21 p.; 8 data files","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":185036,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5828,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1345/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699879","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Phelps, Geoffrey A.","contributorId":17262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phelps","given":"Geoffrey A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jachens, Robert C. jachens@usgs.gov","contributorId":1180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jachens","given":"Robert","email":"jachens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moring, Barry C. 0000-0001-6797-9258 moring@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6797-9258","contributorId":2794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moring","given":"Barry","email":"moring@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roberts, Carter W.","contributorId":45282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"Carter","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":58034,"text":"ofr20041357 - 2004 - Engineering geologic conditions at the sinkhole entrance to Logan Cave, Benton County, Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:29","indexId":"ofr20041357","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1357","title":"Engineering geologic conditions at the sinkhole entrance to Logan Cave, Benton County, Arkansas","docAbstract":"Logan Cave, located in Benton County, Arkansas, is inhabited by several endangered and threatened species. The cave and surrounding area was designated a National Wildlife Refuge under the control of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) in 1989. Cave researchers access the cave through a steep-sided sinkhole entrance, which also is one of the two access points used by endangered bats. There is evidence of instability of one of the entrance slopes that has raised concerns that the entrance could close if slope failure was to occur. At the request of USFWS, we performed an engineering geologic investigation of the sinkhole to evaluate stability of this slope, which is comprised of soil, and other mechanisms of sediment transport into the cave entrance. The investigation included engineering geologic mapping, sampling and laboratory testing of subsurface geologic materials, and slope-stability analysis. We found that the sinkhole slope that extends into the entrance of the cave is comprised of sandy and gravelly soil to the depths explored (6.4 meters). This soil likely was deposited as alluvium within a previous, larger sinkhole. Based on properties of the alluvium, geometry of the slope, and results of finite-element slope-stability analyses, we conclude that the slope is marginally stable. Future failures of the slope probably would be relatively thin and small, thus several would be required to completely close the cave entrance. However, sediment is accumulating within the cave entrance due to foot traffic of those accessing the cave, surface-water erosion and transport, and shallow slope failures from the other sinkhole slopes. We conclude that the entrance will be closed by sediment in the future, similar to another entrance that we identified that completely closed in the past. Several measures could be taken to reduce the potential for closure of the cave entrance, including periodic sediment removal, installation of materials that reduce erosion by foot traffic and surface water, construction of a sediment-retention wall, and excavation of the soil slope. Any measures taken must be carefully planned and executed so that they have no impact on organisms within the cave.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041357","usgsCitation":"Schulz, W.H., and McKenna, J., 2004, Engineering geologic conditions at the sinkhole entrance to Logan Cave, Benton County, Arkansas (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1357, 33 p. and 1 plate, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041357.","productDescription":"33 p. and 1 plate","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":183234,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5964,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1357/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667977","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schulz, William H.","contributorId":91927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKenna, Jonathan P.","contributorId":6915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenna","given":"Jonathan P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":53659,"text":"wri024284 - 2004 - Hydrogeologic framework of the North Fork and surrounding areas, Long Island, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-12T21:58:27.760715","indexId":"wri024284","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4284","title":"Hydrogeologic framework of the North Fork and surrounding areas, Long Island, New York","docAbstract":"<p>Ground water on the North Fork of Long Island is the sole source of drinking water, but the supply is vulnerable to saltwater intrusion and upconing in response to heavy pumping. Information on the area's hydrogeologic framework is needed to analyze the effects of pumping and drought on ground-water levels and the position of the freshwater-saltwater interface. This will enable water-resource managers and water-supply purveyors to evaluate a wide range of water-supply scenarios to safely meet water-use demands. The extent and thickness of hydrogeologic units and position of the freshwater-saltwater interface were interpreted from previous work and from exploratory drilling during this study.</p><p>The fresh ground-water reservoir on the North Fork consists of four principal freshwater flow systems (referred to as Long Island mainland, Cutchogue, Greenport, and Orient) within a sequence of unconsolidated Pleistocene and Late Cretaceous deposits. A thick glacial-lake-clay unit appears to truncate underlying deposits in three buried valleys beneath the northern shore of the North Fork. Similar glacial-lake deposits beneath eastern and east-central Long Island Sound previously were inferred to be younger than the surficial glacial deposits exposed along the northern shore of Long Island. Close similarities in thickness and upper-surface altitude between the glacial-lake-clay unit on the North Fork and the glacial-lake deposits in Long Island Sound indicate, however, that the two are correlated at least along the North Fork shore.</p><p>The Matawan Group and Magothy Formation, undifferentiated, is the uppermost Cretaceous unit on the North Fork and constitutes the Magothy aquifer. The upper surface of this unit contains a series of prominent erosional features that can be traced beneath Long Island Sound and the North Fork. Northwest-trending buried ridges extend several miles offshore from areas southeast of Rocky Point and Horton Point. A promontory in the irregular, north-facing cuesta slope extends offshore from an area southwest of Mattituck Creek and James Creek. Buried valleys that trend generally southeastward beneath Long Island Sound extend onshore northeast of Hashamomuck Pond and east of Goldsmith Inlet.</p><p>An undifferentiated Pleistocene confining layer, the lower confining unit, consists of apparently contiguous units of glacial-lake, marine, and nonmarine clay. This unit is more than 200 feet thick in buried valleys filled with glacial-lake clay along the northern shore, but elsewhere on the North Fork, it is generally less than 50 feet thick and presumably represents an erosional remnant of marine clay. Its upper surface is generally 75 feet or more below sea level where it overlies buried valleys, and is generally 100 feet or less below sea level in areas where marine clay has been identified.</p><p>A younger unit of glacial-lake deposits, the upper confining unit, is a local confining layer and underlies a sequence of late Pleistocene moraine and outwash deposits. This unit is thickest (more than 45 feet thick) beneath two lowland areas--near Mattituck Creek and James Creek, and near Hashamomuck Pond--but pinches out close to the northern and southern shores and is locally absent in inland areas of the North Fork. Its upper-surface altitude generally rises to near sea level toward the southern shore.</p><p>Freshwater in the Orient flow system is limited to the upper glacial aquifer above the top of the lower confining unit. The upper confining unit substantially impedes the downward flow of freshwater in inland parts of the Greenport flow system. Deep freshwater within the lower confining unit in the east-central part of the Cutchogue flow system probably is residual from an interval of lower sea level. The upper confining unit is absent or only a few feet thick in the west-central part of the Cutchogue flow system and does not substantially impede the downward flow of freshwater, but the lower confining unit probably impedes the downward flow of freshwater within a southeast-trending buried valley in this area.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri024284","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Suffolk County Water Authority","usgsCitation":"Schubert, C., Bova, R.G., and Misut, P.E., 2004, Hydrogeologic framework of the North Fork and surrounding areas, Long Island, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4284, Report: 23 p., 4 plates: 27.04 x 41.71 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024284.","productDescription":"Report: 23 p., 4 plates: 27.04 x 41.71 inches or smaller","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325131,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4284/wri20024284_plate4.pdf","text":"Plate 4","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 2002-4284","linkHelpText":"- Map of North Fork study area showing surficial Pleistocene units and extent of fresh ground water: (A) surficial hydrogeologic units and water-table altitude in March-April 1994; (B) altitude of base of freshwater above lower confining unit; and (C) altitude of freshwater-saltwater interface below upper surface of lower confining unit, orig. size 15\"x39\""},{"id":325128,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4284/wri20024284_plate1.pdf","text":"Plate 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 2002-4284","linkHelpText":"- Map of study area showing locations of vertical sections and associated boreholes and wells, and vertical sections B-B´ through E-E´ showing hydrogeologic units in the North Fork study area, Long Island, N.Y., orig. size 22\"x42\""},{"id":325129,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4284/wri20024284_plate2.pdf","text":"Plate 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 2002-4284","linkHelpText":"- Map of North Fork study area showing altitude of bedrock surface and of upper surface of Cretaceous hydrogeologic units: (A) bedrock; (B) Lloyd aquifer; (C) Raritan confining unit; and (D) Magothy aquifer, orig. size 28\"x27\""},{"id":325130,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4284/wri20024284_plate3.pdf","text":"Plate 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 2002-4284","linkHelpText":"- Map of North Fork study area showing Pleistocene confining units: (A) thickness of lower confining unit; (B) upper-surface altitude of lower confining unit; (C) thickness of upper confining unit; and (D) upper-surface altitude of upper confining unit, orig. size 27\"x26\""},{"id":177650,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4284/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":4956,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4284/wri20024284.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 2002-4284"},{"id":325132,"rank":7,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4284/wri20024284_textonly.pdf","text":"Report - Text without plates","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"124000","country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Long Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -72.67593383789062,\n              40.846021510805194\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.20352172851562,\n              40.846021510805194\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.20352172851562,\n              41.16728314823924\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.67593383789062,\n              41.16728314823924\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.67593383789062,\n              40.846021510805194\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publicComments":"Scale - 1:24,000","contact":"<p>Director, New York Water Science Center<br> U.S. Geological Survey<br>425 Jordan Rd<br> Troy, NY 12180<br> (518) 285-5695 <br> <a href=\"http://ny.water.usgs.gov/\" data-mce-href=\"http://ny.water.usgs.gov/\">http://ny.water.usgs.gov/</a></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul>\n<li>Abstract</li>\n<li>Introduction</li>\n<li>Hydrogeologic framework</li>\n<li>Summary and conclusions</li>\n<li>References cited</li>\n</ul>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db6279ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schubert, Christopher 0000-0003-0705-3933 schubert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0705-3933","contributorId":1243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schubert","given":"Christopher","email":"schubert@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":248031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bova, Richard G.","contributorId":46165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bova","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Misut, Paul E. 0000-0002-6502-5255 pemisut@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6502-5255","contributorId":1073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Misut","given":"Paul","email":"pemisut@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":58105,"text":"ofr20041309 - 2004 - Application of GPS drifters to track Hawaiian coral spawning","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:03","indexId":"ofr20041309","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1309","title":"Application of GPS drifters to track Hawaiian coral spawning","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041309","usgsCitation":"Hatcher, G., Reiss, T.E., and Storlazzi, C., 2004, Application of GPS drifters to track Hawaiian coral spawning (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1309, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041309.","productDescription":"14 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5717,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1309/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":181246,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67ac31","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatcher, Gerald A. 0000-0001-7705-1509","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7705-1509","contributorId":67586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatcher","given":"Gerald A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":258332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reiss, Thomas E. 0000-0003-0388-7076 treiss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0388-7076","contributorId":4149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reiss","given":"Thomas","email":"treiss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Storlazzi, Curt D. 0000-0001-8057-4490","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":77889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"Curt D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":58109,"text":"ofr20041375 - 2004 - Ambient vibration and earthquake strong-motion data sets for selected USGS extensively instrumented buildings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:03","indexId":"ofr20041375","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1375","title":"Ambient vibration and earthquake strong-motion data sets for selected USGS extensively instrumented buildings","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041375","usgsCitation":"Dunand, F., Rodgers, J.E., Acosta, A.V., Salsman, M., Bard, P., and Çelebi, M., 2004, Ambient vibration and earthquake strong-motion data sets for selected USGS extensively instrumented buildings (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1375, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041375.","productDescription":"31 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":181250,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5719,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1375/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db686928","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dunand, Francois","contributorId":57150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunand","given":"Francois","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rodgers, Janise E.","contributorId":14892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodgers","given":"Janise","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Acosta, Arnold V.","contributorId":15273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Acosta","given":"Arnold","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Salsman, Marion","contributorId":102571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Salsman","given":"Marion","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bard, Pierre-Yves","contributorId":86846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bard","given":"Pierre-Yves","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Çelebi, Mehmet 0000-0002-4769-7357 celebi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4769-7357","contributorId":3205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Çelebi","given":"Mehmet","email":"celebi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":258337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70159000,"text":"70159000 - 2004 - Ecological impact of historical and future land-use patterns in Senegal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-12T13:16:45","indexId":"70159000","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2183,"text":"Journal of Arid Environments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecological impact of historical and future land-use patterns in Senegal","docAbstract":"<p><span>The CENTURY model was used to simulate changes in total system carbon resulting from land-use history (1850&ndash;2000), and impacts of climatic changes and improved land-use management practices in Senegal. Results show that 0.477&nbsp;Gtons of carbon have been lost from 1850 to 2000. Improved management practices have the potential of increasing carbon levels by 0.116&nbsp;Gtons from 2000 to 2100. Potential to store carbon exists for improved forest management and agriculture practices in southern Senegal. Potential climatic changes decrease plant production (30 percent), total system carbon (14 percent), and the potential to store carbon from improved management practices (31 percent).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2004.03.024","usgsCitation":"Parton, W., Tappan, G.G., Ojima, D., and Tschakert, P., 2004, Ecological impact of historical and future land-use patterns in Senegal: Journal of Arid Environments, v. 59, no. 3, p. 605-623, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2004.03.024.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"605","endPage":"623","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309832,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"561cd9a7e4b0cdb063e584a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parton, W.","contributorId":93668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parton","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tappan, G. Gray 0000-0002-2240-6963 tappan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2240-6963","contributorId":3624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tappan","given":"G.","email":"tappan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Gray","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ojima, D.","contributorId":10378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ojima","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tschakert, P.","contributorId":149178,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tschakert","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":58052,"text":"sir20045131 - 2004 - Hydrogeology and Hydrologic Landscape Regions of Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:13","indexId":"sir20045131","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5131","title":"Hydrogeology and Hydrologic Landscape Regions of Nevada","docAbstract":"In 1999, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency initiated a rule to protect ground water in areas other than source-water protection areas. These other sensitive ground water areas (OSGWAs) are aquifers that are not currently but could eventually be used as a source of drinking water. The OSGWA program specifically addresses existing wells that are used for underground injection of motor vehicle waste. If the injection well is in a ground-water protection area or an OSGWA, well owners must either close the well or apply for a permit. The Nevada Division of Environmental Protection will evaluate site-specific information and determine if the aquifer associated with a permit application is susceptible to contamination. A basic part of evaluating OSGWAs is characterizing the hydrogeology of aquifer systems including the lithology, hydrologic properties, soil permeability, and faulting, which partly control the susceptibility of ground water to contamination. Detailed studies that evaluate ground-water susceptibility are not practical in a largely unpopulated State like Nevada. However, existing and new information could be extrapolated to other areas of the State if there is an objective framework to transfer the information. The concept of hydrologic landscape regions, which identify areas with similar hydrologic characteristics, provides this framework. This report describes the hydrogeology and hydrologic landscape regions of Nevada.\r\n\r\nConsolidated rocks that form mountain ranges and unconsolidated sediments that fill the basins between the ranges are grouped into hydrogeologic units having similar lithology and assumed to have similar hydrologic properties. Consolidated rocks and unconsolidated sediments are the two major hydrogeologic units and comprise 51 and 49 percent of the State, respectively. Consolidated rocks are subdivided into 8 hydrogeologic units. In approximate order of decreasing horizontal hydraulic conductivity, consolidated-rock hydrogeologic units consist of: (1) carbonate rocks, Quaternary to Tertiary age; (2) basaltic, (3) rhyolitic, and (4) andesitic volcanic flows; (5) volcanic breccias, tuffs, and volcanic rocks older than Tertiary age; (6) intrusive and metamorphic rocks; (7) consolidated and semi-consolidated tuffaceous rocks and sediments; and (8) clastic rocks consisting of sandstone and siltstone. Unconsolidated sediments are subdivided into four hydrogeologic units on the basis of flow regime, topographic slope, and mapped stream channels. The four units are (1) alluvial slopes, (2) valley floors, (3) fluvial deposits, and (4) playas.\r\n\r\nSoil permeability was grouped into five descriptive categories ranging from very high to very low, which generally correspond to mapped geomorphic features such as playas and alluvial slopes. In general, soil permeability is low to moderate in northern, northeastern, and eastern Nevada and high to very high in western, southwestern, and southern Nevada. Within a particular basin, soil permeability decreases downslope from the bedrock contact. The type of parent rock, climate, and streamflow velocities are factors that likely cause these spatial patterns.\r\n\r\nFaults in unconsolidated sediments usually are barriers to ground-water flow. In consolidated rocks, permeability and ground-water flow is reduced in directions normal to the fault zone and increased in directions parallel to the fault zone. With time, mineral precipitation may seal fractures in consolidated rocks, reducing the permeability. However, continued movement along the fault may form new fractures, resulting in a fault alternating from a zone of preferred flow to a flow barrier during geologic time. The effect of faults on ground-water flow at a particular location is difficult to determine without a site- specific investigation.\r\n\r\nHydrologic landscape regions were delineated by overlaying a grid of 100-foot (30-meter) cells over the State, estimating the value of five variables for each cell, an","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20045131","usgsCitation":"Maurer, D.K., Lopes, T.J., Medina, R.L., and Smith, J.L., 2004, Hydrogeology and Hydrologic Landscape Regions of Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5131, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045131.","productDescription":"41 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5983,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir2004-5131/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":185415,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4de4b07f02db627844","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maurer, Douglas K. dkmaurer@usgs.gov","contributorId":2308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maurer","given":"Douglas","email":"dkmaurer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":258226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lopes, Thomas J. tjlopes@usgs.gov","contributorId":2302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopes","given":"Thomas","email":"tjlopes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":258225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Medina, Rose L. 0000-0002-3463-7224 rlmedina@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3463-7224","contributorId":4378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Medina","given":"Rose","email":"rlmedina@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, J. LaRue jlsmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":1863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"J.","email":"jlsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"LaRue","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":258224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":56323,"text":"ofr20041225 - 2004 - Development and Calibration of Two-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Model of the Tanana River near Tok, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-21T13:44:15","indexId":"ofr20041225","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1225","title":"Development and Calibration of Two-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Model of the Tanana River near Tok, Alaska","docAbstract":"Bathymetric and hydraulic data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey on the Tanana River in proximity to Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities' bridge number 505 at mile 80.5 of the Alaska Highway. Data were collected from August 7-9, 2002, over an approximate 5,000- foot reach of the river. These data were combined with topographic data provided by Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities to generate a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model.\r\n\r\nThe hydrodynamic model was calibrated with water-surface elevations, flow velocities, and flow directions collected at a discharge of 25,600 cubic feet per second. The calibrated model was then used for a simulation of the 100-year recurrence interval discharge of 51,900 cubic feet per second. The existing bridge piers were removed from the model geometry in a second simulation to model the hydraulic conditions in the channel without the piers' influence. The water-surface elevations, flow velocities, and flow directions from these simulations can be used to evaluate the influence of the piers on flow hydraulics and will assist the Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities in the design of a replacement bridge.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041225","usgsCitation":"Conaway, J.S., and Moran, E.H., 2004, Development and Calibration of Two-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Model of the Tanana River near Tok, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1225, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041225.","productDescription":"22 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5699,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr2004-1225/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":184839,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db66733f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conaway, Jeffrey S. 0000-0002-3036-592X jconaway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3036-592X","contributorId":2026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conaway","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jconaway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":255231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moran, Edward H. emoran@usgs.gov","contributorId":5445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Edward","email":"emoran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":255230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70159369,"text":"70159369 - 2004 - Sequestration of carbon in soil organic matter in Senegal: an overview","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-23T10:02:14","indexId":"70159369","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2183,"text":"Journal of Arid Environments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sequestration of carbon in soil organic matter in Senegal: an overview","docAbstract":"<p id=\"\"><i>Sequestration of Carbon in Soil Organic Matter</i>&nbsp;(<i>SOCSOM</i>)&nbsp;<i>in Senegal</i>&nbsp;is a multi-disciplinary development project planned and refined through two international workshops. The project was implemented by integrating a core of international experts in remote sensing, biogeochemical modeling, community socio-economic assessments, and carbon measurements in a fully collaborative manner with Senegal organizations, national scientists, and local knowledge and expertise. The study addresses the potential role developing countries in semi-arid areas can play in climate mitigation activities. Multiple benefits to smallholders could accrue as a result of management practices to re-establish soil carbon content lost because of land use changes or management practices that are not sustainable. The specific importance for the Sahel is because of the high vulnerability to climate change in already impoverished rural societies.</p>\n<p id=\"\">The project focuses on four objectives in specific locations across the agroecological zones of Senegal. These objectives are: use of soil sampling and biogeochemical modeling to quantify the biophysical potential for carbon sequestration and to determine the sensitivity of the carbon stocks to various management and climate scenarios, to evaluate the socio-economic and cultural requirements necessary for successful project implementation directed toward an aggregation of smallholders to sequester around 100,000&nbsp;t carbon (C), to support capacity building to develop a Carbon Specialist Team, and to initiate extrapolation from site-specific project areas to the Sahel region and the national level.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2004.04.002","usgsCitation":"Tieszen, L.L., Tappan, G.G., and Toure, A., 2004, Sequestration of carbon in soil organic matter in Senegal: an overview: Journal of Arid Environments, v. 59, no. 3, p. 409-425, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2004.04.002.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"409","endPage":"425","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310587,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562b5a34e4b00162522207e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tieszen, Larry L. tieszen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tieszen","given":"Larry","email":"tieszen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":578251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tappan, G. Gray 0000-0002-2240-6963 tappan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2240-6963","contributorId":3624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tappan","given":"G.","email":"tappan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Gray","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Toure, A.","contributorId":98920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toure","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70159366,"text":"70159366 - 2004 - Ecoregions and land cover trends in Senegal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T10:50:09","indexId":"70159366","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2183,"text":"Journal of Arid Environments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecoregions and land cover trends in Senegal","docAbstract":"<p><span>This study examines long-term changes in Senegal's natural resources. We monitor and quantify land use and land cover changes occurring across Senegal using nearly 40 years of satellite imagery, aerial surveys, and fieldwork. We stratify Senegal into ecological regions and present land use and land cover trends for each region, followed by a national summary. Results aggregated to the national level show moderate change, with a modest decrease in savannas from 74 to 70 percent from 1965 to 2000, and an expansion of cropland from 17 to 21 percent. However, at the ecoregion scale, we observed rapid change in some and relative stability in others. One particular concern is the decline in Senegal's biodiverse forests. However, in the year 2000, Senegal's savannas, woodlands, and forests still cover more than two-thirds of the country, and the rate of agricultural expansion has slowed.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2004.03.018","usgsCitation":"Tappan, G.G., Sall, M., Wood, E., and Cushing, M., 2004, Ecoregions and land cover trends in Senegal: Journal of Arid Environments, v. 59, no. 3, p. 427-462, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2004.03.018.","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"427","endPage":"462","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310580,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562b5a2ce4b00162522207c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tappan, G. Gray 0000-0002-2240-6963 tappan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2240-6963","contributorId":3624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tappan","given":"G.","email":"tappan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Gray","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sall, M.","contributorId":83711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sall","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wood, E.C.","contributorId":64907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cushing, Matthew 0000-0001-5209-6006","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5209-6006","contributorId":66101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cushing","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":54068,"text":"wri034226 - 2004 - Herbicides and their transformation products in source-water aquifers tapped by public-supply wells in Illinois, 2001-02","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:51","indexId":"wri034226","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4226","title":"Herbicides and their transformation products in source-water aquifers tapped by public-supply wells in Illinois, 2001-02","docAbstract":"During 2001-02, ground-water samples were collected from 117 public-supply wells distributed throughout Illinois to evaluate the occurrence of herbicides and their transformation products in the State?s source-water aquifers. Wells were selected using a stratified-random method to ensure representation of the major types of source-water aquifers in the State. Samples were analyzed for 18 herbicides and 18 transformation products, including 3 triazine and 14 chloroacetanilide products. Herbicide compounds (field-applied parent herbicides and their transformation products) were detected in 34 percent of samples. A subset of samples was collected unfiltered to determine if analytical results for herbicides in unfiltered samples are similar to those in paired filtered samples and, thus, can be considered equally representative of herbicide concentrations in ground water supplied to the public. The study by the U.S. Geological Survey was done in cooperation with the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency. Parent herbicides were detected in only 4 percent of all samples. The six most frequently detected herbicide compounds (from 5 to 28 percent of samples) were chloroacetanilide transformation products. The frequent occurrence of transformation products and their higher concentrations relative to those of most parent herbicides confirm the importance of obtaining information on transformation products to understand the mobility and fate of herbicides in ground-water systems. No sample concentrations determined during this study exceeded current (2003) Federal or State drinking-water standards; however, standards are established for only seven parent herbicides. Factors related to the occurrence of herbicide compounds in the State?s source-water aquifers include unconsolidated and unconfined conditions, various hydrogeologic characteristics and well-construction aspects at shallow depths, and proximity to streams. Generally, the closer an aquifer (or well location) is to a recharge area and (or) the stronger the hydraulic connection between an aquifer and a recharge area, the younger the ground water and the more vulnerable the aquifer will be to contamination by herbicide compounds. The weak relation between current (2001) statewide application rates of herbicides and current (2001-02) occurrence of herbicide compounds in source-water aquifers indicates that additional factors must be considered when relating herbicide-application rates to occurrence. These factors include historical application rates and the mobility and persistence of the various herbicide compounds in ground-water systems. Frequency of detection and concentrations of herbicides compounds in the State?s source-water aquifers are indicated to be highest during the spring, when crops are planted and herbicides primarily are applied. Excess nitrate (concentrations of nitrate, as nitrogen, higher than 3 milligrams per liter) in ground water strongly indicates the co-occurrence of herbicide compounds. However, nitrate concentrations are not a reliable indicator of herbicide-compound concentrations. The inverse relation found between current use of land for corn and soybean production and current occurrence of herbicide compounds in underlying aquifers indicates that various factors, along with current agricultural land use, contribute to herbicide occurrence. These factors include, among others, land-use history, ground-water age, ground-water-flow patterns, geology, soil microbiology, and chemistry and persistence of the herbicide compounds. Detection of agriculture-specific herbicide compounds in 71 percent of samples from urban areas with no current or recent agricultural land use near the sampled wells indicates that recharge to certain high-capacity supply wells may originate at considerable distances (up to about 10 miles) from the wells. Essentially no difference was found between the analytical results for herbicides in paired unfiltered and filtered samples,","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri034226","usgsCitation":"Mills, P., and McMillan, W.D., 2004, Herbicides and their transformation products in source-water aquifers tapped by public-supply wells in Illinois, 2001-02: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4226, vi, 57 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.) ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034226.","productDescription":"vi, 57 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.) ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5510,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://il.water.usgs.gov/pubs/wrir03_4226.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122215,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4226/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":87819,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4226/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db6898f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mills, P.C. pcmills@usgs.gov","contributorId":3810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"P.C.","email":"pcmills@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":249109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McMillan, William D.","contributorId":99210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMillan","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":57950,"text":"sir20045196 - 2004 - Sediment remobilization of Mercury in South San Francisco Bay, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-05T19:42:19","indexId":"sir20045196","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5196","title":"Sediment remobilization of Mercury in South San Francisco Bay, California","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20045196","usgsCitation":"Topping, B.R., Kuwabara, J.S., Marvin-DisPasquale, M.C., Agee, J.L., Kieu, L.H., Flanders, J.R., Parcheso, F., Hager, S.W., Lopez, C., and Krabbenhoft, D.P., 2004, Sediment remobilization of Mercury in South San Francisco Bay, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5196, 59 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045196.","productDescription":"59 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":182049,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5909,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir2004-5196/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"South San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.6953125,\n              37.35269280367274\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.827392578125,\n              37.35269280367274\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.827392578125,\n              37.85750715625203\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.6953125,\n              37.85750715625203\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.6953125,\n              37.35269280367274\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fbf91","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Topping, Brent R. 0000-0002-7887-4221 btopping@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7887-4221","contributorId":1484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Topping","given":"Brent","email":"btopping@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":257977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kuwabara, James S. 0000-0003-2502-1601 kuwabara@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2502-1601","contributorId":3374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuwabara","given":"James","email":"kuwabara@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":257981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marvin-DisPasquale, Mark C.","contributorId":45387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marvin-DisPasquale","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Agee, Jennifer L. 0000-0002-5964-5079 jlagee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5964-5079","contributorId":2586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Agee","given":"Jennifer","email":"jlagee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":257979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kieu, Le H. lkieu@usgs.gov","contributorId":25115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kieu","given":"Le","email":"lkieu@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Flanders, John R.","contributorId":82792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flanders","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Parcheso, Francis 0000-0002-9471-7787 parchaso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9471-7787","contributorId":2590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parcheso","given":"Francis","email":"parchaso@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":257980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hager, Stephen W.","contributorId":48935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hager","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lopez, Cary B.","contributorId":72869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopez","given":"Cary B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":1658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":257978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70206242,"text":"70206242 - 2004 - Usoi Landslide Dam and Lake Sarez, Pamir Mountains, Tajikistan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-25T13:22:08","indexId":"70206242","displayToPublicDate":"2004-10-26T13:21:44","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5880,"text":"Enviromental and Engineering Geoscience","printIssn":"10787275","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Usoi Landslide Dam and Lake Sarez, Pamir Mountains, Tajikistan","docAbstract":"<p><span>In 1911, a 2-km</span><sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;(0.5-mi</span><sup>3</sup><span>) earthquake-triggered rock slide blocked the Murgab River, southeastern Tajikistan, forming a still-existing, 600-m-high (1,970-ft-high) natural dam—the highest dam, natural or man-made, in the world. Lake Sarez, impounded by this blockage, is 60 km (37 mi) long, with a maximum depth of 550 m (1,800 ft) and a volume of approximately 17 km</span><sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;(∼4 mi</span><sup>3</sup><span>). This lake, which has never overtopped the dam, exits the downstream face as a series of large springs that regroup as the Murgab River. Freeboard between lake surface and the lowest point on the dam crest currently is approximately 50 m (∼165 ft), and the lake is rising at an average rate of 18.5 cm/yr (7.3 in./yr). If the blockage were to fail, a worst-case scenario could endanger tens or possibly hundreds of thousands of people in the Murgab, Bartang, Panj, and Amu Darya valleys downstream. Dam failure potentially could result from: 1) seismic shaking, 2) catastrophic overtopping caused by a landslide entering the lake from the valley wall at high velocity, 3) surface erosion caused by natural overtopping by the rising lake, 4) internal erosion (piping), 5) instability caused by lake pressure against the dam, or 6) slope instability of the dam faces. Occurrence of an overtopping wave resulting from a potential landslide high on the right bank of Lake Sarez seems to be the most realistic of these slight possibilities for failure. Because of the high cost of installing physical remediation to the dam in this rugged mountain area (no roads lead to the site), the main protective measures now being undertaken are hydrological monitoring at the dam and installation of a flood early warning system downstream.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"GeoScienceWorld","doi":"10.2113/10.2.151","usgsCitation":"Schuster, R.L., and Alford, D., 2004, Usoi Landslide Dam and Lake Sarez, Pamir Mountains, Tajikistan: Enviromental and Engineering Geoscience, v. 10, no. 2, p. 151-168, https://doi.org/10.2113/10.2.151.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"151","endPage":"168","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":368618,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Tajikistan","otherGeospatial":"Lake Sarez","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[71.0142,40.24437],[70.64802,39.93575],[69.55961,40.10321],[69.46489,39.52668],[70.54916,39.6042],[71.78469,39.27946],[73.67538,39.43124],[73.92885,38.50582],[74.25751,38.60651],[74.86482,38.37885],[74.82999,37.99001],[74.98,37.41999],[73.9487,37.42157],[73.26006,37.49526],[72.63689,37.04756],[72.19304,36.94829],[71.84464,36.73817],[71.44869,37.06564],[71.54192,37.90577],[71.2394,37.95327],[71.34813,38.25891],[70.80682,38.48628],[70.3763,38.1384],[70.27057,37.73516],[70.11658,37.58822],[69.51879,37.609],[69.19627,37.15114],[68.85945,37.34434],[68.13556,37.02312],[67.83,37.14499],[68.39203,38.15703],[68.17603,38.90155],[67.44222,39.14014],[67.70143,39.58048],[68.53642,39.53345],[69.01163,40.08616],[69.32949,40.72782],[70.66662,40.96021],[70.45816,40.49649],[70.60141,40.21853],[71.0142,40.24437]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Tajikistan\"}}]}","volume":"10","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schuster, Robert L.","contributorId":19162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":773913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alford, D.","contributorId":219510,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alford","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":773914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70179820,"text":"70179820 - 2004 - Distribution, migration behavior, habitat use, and species interactions of fall-released juvenile hatchery spring Chinook salmon on the Deschutes River, Oregon, 2002, Annual report 2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T14:22:19","indexId":"70179820","displayToPublicDate":"2004-10-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Distribution, migration behavior, habitat use, and species interactions of fall-released juvenile hatchery spring Chinook salmon on the Deschutes River, Oregon, 2002, Annual report 2002","docAbstract":"<p>In a review of National Fish Hatcheries (NFH), the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) identified the need to assess the fate of hatchery-reared fish and their potential effect on the aquatic community (USFWS 1998). Additionally, in the Columbia River Biological Opinion, the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) recommended monitoring and evaluating ecological interactions between hatchery and wild fish (NMFS 1999). In 2002, a study was designed to investigate the fate of hatchery-reared fish and to assess habitat use and fish interactions in the Deschutes River, Oregon. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Reagan, R.E., Connolly, P., Adams, N.S., Mesa, M.G., and Rondorf, D.W., 2004, Distribution, migration behavior, habitat use, and species interactions of fall-released juvenile hatchery spring Chinook salmon on the Deschutes River, Oregon, 2002, Annual report 2002, vi., 57 p. .","productDescription":"vi., 57 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333367,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":333366,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.fws.gov/columbiariver/publications/Deschutes_Report_2002_Final.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Deschutes River ","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.9272003173828,\n              45.632766001813536\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.92170715332031,\n              45.590978249451936\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.9107208251953,\n              45.53761763700315\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.87501525878906,\n              45.495277708287695\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.96427917480469,\n              45.38591285563495\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.0535430908203,\n              45.28599887277452\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.0825538635254,\n              45.239360366890566\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.09010696411133,\n              45.219291611553295\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.09903335571289,\n              45.16763641362519\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.07946395874023,\n              45.16243200364078\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.06109619140625,\n              45.17719676486024\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.05216979980467,\n              45.224128104219425\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.01097106933594,\n              45.2623219323963\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.89355468749999,\n              45.35359284259777\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.81802368164061,\n              45.44375328632588\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.81871032714842,\n              45.518376164094974\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.8770751953125,\n              45.5645446413806\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.8983612060547,\n              45.637087095718734\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.92376708984375,\n              45.64044771618124\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.9272003173828,\n              45.632766001813536\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58808d72e4b01dfadfff1561","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reagan, Rachel E. 0000-0002-3987-6419 rreagan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3987-6419","contributorId":3519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reagan","given":"Rachel","email":"rreagan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":658827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Connolly, Patrick J. 0000-0001-7365-7618 pconnolly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7365-7618","contributorId":2920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connolly","given":"Patrick J.","email":"pconnolly@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adams, Noah S. 0000-0002-8354-0293 nadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8354-0293","contributorId":3521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Noah","email":"nadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mesa, Matthew G. mmesa@usgs.gov","contributorId":3423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mesa","given":"Matthew","email":"mmesa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rondorf, Dennis W. drondorf@usgs.gov","contributorId":2970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rondorf","given":"Dennis","email":"drondorf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70206022,"text":"70206022 - 2004 -  Interpretation of the Miyakejima 2000 eruption and dike emplacement using time animations of earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-14T13:47:27","indexId":"70206022","displayToPublicDate":"2004-10-17T10:34:57","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5873,"text":"Bulletin of the Earthquake Research Institute","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":" Interpretation of the Miyakejima 2000 eruption and dike emplacement using time animations of earthquakes","docAbstract":"<table class=\"tb01 full mce-item-table\" border=\"0\"><tbody><tr class=\"tr_detail_line_repos\"><td class=\"td_detail_line_repos w80\">The seismic sequence of over 12,000 earthquakes accompanying the 2000 eruption of Miyakejima volcano has been studied by viewing time animations of the earthquakes beneath transparent topography. Seismic activity began on the evening of June 26 extending southwest from Miyakejima’s summit. A few hours later the seismicity abruptly shifted to the WNW and a submarine eruption occurred off the West Coast of Miyakejima on the morning of June 27. Phreatic eruptions at Miyakejima’s summit in July were accompanied by the formation of a new caldera. Following caldera formation explosive eruptions occurred in August. The eruption ended with minor explosions in September. The seismic activity that began with a low-magnitude swarm beneath Miyakejima grew to a major swarm with hundreds of events of M＞4 extending more than 40km WNW from Miyakejima. Lesser numbers of earthquakes occurred on two N-S trending lines extending south and north of the main seismic trend. The seismicity has been interpreted as evidence for emplacement of a massive dike on the main trend that triggered additional earthquakes on the two cross trends. Our interpretation involves more restricted dike emplacement west of Miyakejima, including the possibility of additional submarine eruption, following cracking of the Philippine Sea plate. The seismic activity associated with explosive eruptions in August helps to define Miyakejima’s magma plumbing. A shallow reservoir beneath the southwest slope is defined by concentrations of earthquakes at 4-6km depth, and a deeper source is suggested by a smaller number of earthquakes extending to 10km vertically beneath the shallow source. Seismic activity preceding and accompanying eruptions at Miyakejima’s summit are defined by seismic swarms extending from 4km depth to the surface along a path connecting the summit with the shallow reservoir. Away from Miyakejima shallow (＜1 km) earthquake swarms at minimum rates of 1 event per hour extending over several hours occur within restricted areas of diameter less than 3km and define possible additional sites of undersea eruption or intrusion. Beneath sites west of Miyakejima the seismicity at depths of less than 4km occurs earlier and toward Miyakejima, consistent with magma transport from Miyakejima’s shallow reservoir. Shallow swarms extending 15km to the WNW strongly suggest that additional intrusion and possibly eruption may have occurred on June 27-28. Between June 27 and July 12 along the main seismic trend, and beneath the shallow sites, progressively deeper earthquake swarms occur at progressively later times, a pattern inconsistent with magma transport and interpreted here as the Philippine Sea plate cracking downward. The initial shallow cracking guided magma to the June 27 undersea eruption site. Subsequent cracking to the west allowed very rapid lateral withdrawal of magma from the Miyakejima reservoir allowing a new caldera to form. The deep cracking of the plate may have triggered additional magma sources, including a deep source suggested by the modeling of regional ground deformation data.</td></tr></tbody></table>","language":"English","publisher":"Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo","usgsCitation":"Wright, T., and Sakai, S., 2004,  Interpretation of the Miyakejima 2000 eruption and dike emplacement using time animations of earthquakes: Bulletin of the Earthquake Research Institute, v. 79, p. 1-16.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"16","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":368373,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/15887967.pdf"},{"id":368375,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Japan","otherGeospatial":" Miyakejima","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              139.306640625,\n              33.75631505992707\n            ],\n            [\n              139.76806640625,\n              33.75631505992707\n            ],\n            [\n              139.76806640625,\n              34.20725938207231\n            ],\n            [\n              139.306640625,\n              34.20725938207231\n            ],\n            [\n              139.306640625,\n              33.75631505992707\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"79","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, Thomas L. twright@usgs.gov","contributorId":3890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Thomas L.","email":"twright@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":773338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sakai, Shin’ichi","contributorId":219839,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sakai","given":"Shin’ichi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":33970,"text":"Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Japan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":773339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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