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,{"id":50956,"text":"ofr5196 - 1951 - How dependable are the ground-water of the greater Philadelphia-South Jersey area?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-08T06:50:19","indexId":"ofr5196","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"51-96","title":"How dependable are the ground-water of the greater Philadelphia-South Jersey area?","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr5196","usgsCitation":"Barksdale, H., 1951, How dependable are the ground-water of the greater Philadelphia-South Jersey area?: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 51-96, 4 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5196.","productDescription":"4 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":369059,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0096/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":177105,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0096/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania, New Jersey","city":"Philadelphia ","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.6243896484375,\n              39.51251701659638\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.50927734375,\n              39.51251701659638\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.50927734375,\n              40.271143686084194\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.6243896484375,\n              40.271143686084194\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.6243896484375,\n              39.51251701659638\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db688033","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barksdale, H.C.","contributorId":65912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barksdale","given":"H.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":51040,"text":"ofr51143 - 1951 - Water-supply investigation of Keams Canyon area, Hopi Indian Reservation, Navajo County, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-10T09:37:16","indexId":"ofr51143","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"51-143","title":"Water-supply investigation of Keams Canyon area, Hopi Indian Reservation, Navajo County, Arizona","docAbstract":"<p>The ground-water resources of the Keams Canyon area were investigated by the Ground Water Branch of the United States Geological Survey in the fall of 1949 and the spring of 1950. The area lies between latitudes 35<sup>o</sup>30', and 36<sup>o</sup>00', and between longitudes 110<sup>o</sup>00' and 110<sup>o</sup>15', in the Hopi Indian Reservation, Navajo County, Ariz.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr51143","usgsCitation":"Repenning, C., Halpenny, L., and Hem, J., 1951, Water-supply investigation of Keams Canyon area, Hopi Indian Reservation, Navajo County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 51-143, Report: 40 p.; 2 Plates: 8.20 x 7.86 inches and 10.40 x 4.81 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr51143.","productDescription":"Report: 40 p.; 2 Plates: 8.20 x 7.86 inches and 10.40 x 4.81 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":357165,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0143/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":357164,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0143/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":357166,"rank":4,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0143/figure-2.pdf","text":"Figure 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":179220,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0143/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Navajo County","otherGeospatial":"Hopi Indian Reservation ","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.25,\n              35.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -110,\n              35.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -110,\n              36\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.25,\n              36\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.25,\n              35.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4da5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Repenning, C.A.","contributorId":56700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Repenning","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Halpenny, L.C.","contributorId":40967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halpenny","given":"L.C.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":242791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hem, J.A.","contributorId":207758,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hem","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":51037,"text":"ofr5135 - 1951 - Preliminary report on the ground-water resources of the Walla Walla basin, Washington-Oregon","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":51037,"text":"ofr5135 - 1951 - Preliminary report on the ground-water resources of the Walla Walla basin, Washington-Oregon","indexId":"ofr5135","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"title":"Preliminary report on the ground-water resources of the Walla Walla basin, Washington-Oregon"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70047774,"text":"70047774 - 1965 - Geology and ground-water resources of the Walla Walla River basin Washington-Oregon","indexId":"70047774","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and ground-water resources of the Walla Walla River basin Washington-Oregon"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70047774,"text":"70047774 - 1965 - Geology and ground-water resources of the Walla Walla River basin Washington-Oregon","indexId":"70047774","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and ground-water resources of the Walla Walla River basin Washington-Oregon"},"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-22T15:29:23","indexId":"ofr5135","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"51-35","title":"Preliminary report on the ground-water resources of the Walla Walla basin, Washington-Oregon","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr5135","usgsCitation":"Newcomb, R.C., 1951, Preliminary report on the ground-water resources of the Walla Walla basin, Washington-Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 51-35, 211 p., 9 plates, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5135.","productDescription":"211 p., 9 plates","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":179217,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaee4b07f02db66c848","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Newcomb, R. C.","contributorId":77907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newcomb","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":51036,"text":"ofr5128 - 1951 - Geology and ground-water resources of the northern part of the Ranegras Plain area, Yuma County, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:29","indexId":"ofr5128","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"51-28","title":"Geology and ground-water resources of the northern part of the Ranegras Plain area, Yuma County, Arizona","docAbstract":"The Ranegras Plain area is part of the Basin and Range province in west-central Arizona.\r\n\r\nThe report discusses rocks of pre-Cambrian, pre-Cambrian (?), Paleozoic (?), Mesozoic (?), Cretaceous (?), Cretaceous and Tertiary, Tertiary (?), Quaternary (?), and Quaternary age. All the Paleozoic (?) and Cretaceous (?) rocks and parts of the Mesozoic (?),Cretaceous and Tertiary, and Tertiary (?) rocks have been mapped as a unit because they are so intensely faulted that detailed mapping was not practical. Rocks older than Quaternary form the mountain ranges bordering the Ranegras Plain. Quaternary alluvium underlies the broad, gently sloping valley floor to depths of generally a few hundred feet, locally more. Well logs indicate that the underlying Tertiary (?) alluvium exceeds 1,100 feet in thickness.\r\n\r\nThe structure of the area is controlled by faulting typical of the Basin and Range province, but the major faults are covered by alluvium and are inferred from topographic features.\r\n\r\nGround water occurs in Quaternary and Tertiary (?) alluvium and the best aquifers are in sand and gravel of the Quaternary alluvium. Ground-water movement is, in general, to the northwest.\r\n\r\nRecharge to the aquifers is predominantly from stream flow resulting from heavy rains. There is also minor or unevaluated recharge from underflow from Butler Valley to the east, and\u0014since 1948\u0014seepage from irrigation.\r\n\r\nDischarge is by pumping and by natural processes of underflow and evapotranspiration. In addition to small domestic and stock wells, only two irrigation wells, in the vicinity of Utting, are in use. No accurate data on pumpage are available.\r\n\r\nThe safe yield from the ground-water reservoir may be less than 5,000 acre-feet and probably does not exceed 10,000 to 15,000 acre-feet per year.\r\n\r\nThe quality of ground water ranges from permissible to unsuitable for irrigation purposes. The fluoride content is generally too high for the water to be considered satisfactory for use by young children.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr5128","usgsCitation":"Metzger, D.G., 1951, Geology and ground-water resources of the northern part of the Ranegras Plain area, Yuma County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 51-28, 31 p. (1 folded) : ill., map ; 27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5128.","productDescription":"31 p. (1 folded) : ill., map ; 27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":179149,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0028/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":86422,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0028/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":86423,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0028/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c99f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Metzger, Donald George","contributorId":36915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metzger","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"George","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":51035,"text":"ofr51138 - 1951 - Report on a pumping test at Evansville, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-02T16:12:53","indexId":"ofr51138","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"51-138","title":"Report on a pumping test at Evansville, Indiana","docAbstract":"<p>The City of Evansville, Ind. has utilized the Ohio River as a source of municipal water supply for many years. The average daily pumpage&nbsp;for the city in 1950 was reported to be about 18.5 million gallons. Because of the extreme variability in the quality of the river water and the extensive treatment necessary, the city considered the possibility of developing a ground-water supply to supplement its present surface-water supply.</p><p>In February, 1951 Mr. Oliver N. Summers, General Superintendent, Evansville Waterworks Department, in a letter to C.K. Behert, Director, Division of Water Resources, Indiana Department of Conservation, requested the assistance of the Department of Conservation and the United States Geological Survey in conducting a pumping test to determine the hydraulic characteristics of the water-bearing formations in the area.</p><p>In view of the importance of Evansville as an industrial center and realizing the need for quantitative information in such an area, it was decided that the test should be a part of the statewide investigation of the ground-water resources now being made by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Indiana Department of Conservation.</p><p>This memorandum describes the procedure used in making the test and the results obtained from the test.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Indianapolis, IN","doi":"10.3133/ofr51138","usgsCitation":"Mickels, F.C., and Ward, P.E., 1951, Report on a pumping test at Evansville, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 51-138, Report: 10 p.; 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,{"id":51033,"text":"ofr51136 - 1951 - Additional water development on St. Thomas, Virgin Islands, with an addendum on St. Croix","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-14T14:22:24","indexId":"ofr51136","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"51-136","title":"Additional water development on St. Thomas, Virgin Islands, with an addendum on St. Croix","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr51136","usgsCitation":"McGuinness, C.L., 1951, Additional water development on St. Thomas, Virgin Islands, with an addendum on St. Croix: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 51-136, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr51136.","productDescription":"6 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":178964,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0136/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":369220,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0136/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Virgin Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -65.00335693359375,\n              17.59166687838161\n            ],\n            [\n              -64.48150634765625,\n              17.59166687838161\n            ],\n            [\n              -64.48150634765625,\n              17.866361230891894\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.00335693359375,\n              17.866361230891894\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.00335693359375,\n              17.59166687838161\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699b2a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGuinness, C. L.","contributorId":20313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuinness","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":51032,"text":"ofr51135 - 1951 - The water table as of April 1950 in Southold Township, Suffolk County, Long Island, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-15T12:12:52","indexId":"ofr51135","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"51-135","title":"The water table as of April 1950 in Southold Township, Suffolk County, Long Island, New York","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr51135","usgsCitation":"Lusczynski, N., and Hoffman, J., 1951, The water table as of April 1950 in Southold Township, Suffolk County, Long Island, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 51-135, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr51135.","productDescription":"17 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":178963,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0135/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":369963,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0135/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Suffolk County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -73.63861083984375,\n              40.91351257612758\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.6358642578125,\n              40.91351257612758\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.6358642578125,\n              40.94256444133327\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.63861083984375,\n              40.94256444133327\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.63861083984375,\n              40.91351257612758\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -73.78692626953125,\n              40.87406461663041\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.0313720703125,\n              40.54093880017256\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.90777587890625,\n              40.52423878069866\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.751220703125,\n              40.54720023441049\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.51226806640625,\n              40.55763465737646\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.09478759765624,\n              40.6306300839918\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.53173828125,\n              40.78885994449482\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.98516845703125,\n              40.950862628132775\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.80389404296875,\n              41.06899846310619\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.0098876953125,\n              41.155910350545035\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.31475830078124,\n              41.21791981422846\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.7020263671875,\n              41.0607151401866\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.02886962890625,\n              41.03585891144301\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.58367919921875,\n              40.95708558389897\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.78692626953125,\n              40.87406461663041\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a58e4b07f02db62eced","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lusczynski, N.J.","contributorId":10779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lusczynski","given":"N.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoffman, J.F.","contributorId":37413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":51028,"text":"ofr51131 - 1951 - Pumping test at Levittown, Nassau County, New York, September 16-18, 1949","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-04T23:05:56.813024","indexId":"ofr51131","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"51-131","title":"Pumping test at Levittown, Nassau County, New York, September 16-18, 1949","docAbstract":"<p><span>This report presents and discusses the quantitative and qualitative </span><span>data obtained during a pumping test at the Levittown housing development in </span><span>Nassau County, N. Y. One of </span><span>the ten principal supply </span><span>wells, screened in the </span><span>sands of the Magothy (?) formation which is overlain unconformably </span><span>by the </span><span>sand and gravel of the upper Pleistocene deposits, was pumped for more than </span><span>24 hours at a rate of 790 gallons per minute. During this time the develop</span><span>ment of the </span><span>cone of depression extended a distance of more than 1,000 feet </span><span>from the pumping well. A </span><span>coefficient of transmissibility of 245,0W gallons </span><span>per day per foot was computed and a coefficient of storage of 0.13 was de</span><span>termined at the site of the pumping test. </span></p><p><span>The qualitative results show that the two aquifers at the pumping-test site, that is, the sand and gravel of the upper Pleistocene deposits and the underlying sands of the Magothy (?) formation, function essentially as one hydrologic unit. Such information, together with other data of this kind, assumes importance when it is realized that the New York rater Power and Control Commission by regulation considers every aquifer as a separate and distinct hydrologic unit. It thus requires the return of water pumped for cooling and other similar uses to the same aquifer from which the water taken, unless sufficient evidence is obtained to show that two adjacent aquifers function as a single hydrologic unit. </span></p><p><span>Sufficient data were obtained during the test to suggest that perhaps about 14 feet of the 19.7 feet measured as drawdown in the pumped well is attributable to well and screen losses.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr51131","usgsCitation":"Lusczynski, N., 1951, Pumping test at Levittown, Nassau County, New York, September 16-18, 1949: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 51-131, Report: 8 p., 10 Plates: 9.36 x 7.93 inches or smaller, 3 Tables: 10.27 x 7.40 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr51131.","productDescription":"Report: 8 p., 10 Plates: 9.36 x 7.93 inches or smaller, 3 Tables: 10.27 x 7.40 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":383997,"rank":15,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0131/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":383996,"rank":14,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0131/plate-10.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":383995,"rank":13,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0131/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":383994,"rank":12,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0131/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":383993,"rank":11,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0131/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":178959,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0131/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":383992,"rank":10,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0131/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":383991,"rank":9,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0131/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":383990,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0131/plate-7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":383989,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0131/plate-8.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":383988,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0131/plate-9.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":383987,"rank":5,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0131/Table-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":383986,"rank":4,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0131/Table-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":383985,"rank":3,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0131/Table-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":383984,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0131/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Nassau County","city":"Levittown","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -73.53080749511717,\n              40.7189000170401\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.49716186523438,\n              40.7189000170401\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.49716186523438,\n              40.72982797782921\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.53080749511717,\n              40.72982797782921\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.53080749511717,\n              40.7189000170401\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a90e4b07f02db655ad9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lusczynski, N.J.","contributorId":10779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lusczynski","given":"N.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":51027,"text":"ofr51130 - 1951 - Pumping test at Levittown, New York, at well N3488 (Hicksville Water District well 5)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-22T18:45:27.332276","indexId":"ofr51130","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"51-130","title":"Pumping test at Levittown, New York, at well N3488 (Hicksville Water District well 5)","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr51130","usgsCitation":"Lusczynski, N., 1951, Pumping test at Levittown, New York, at well N3488 (Hicksville Water District well 5): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 51-130, Report: 3 p.; 2 Plates: 9.81 x 7.66 inches and 9.54 x 7.64 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr51130.","productDescription":"Report: 3 p.; 2 Plates: 9.81 x 7.66 inches and 9.54 x 7.64 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":383443,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0130/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":383445,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0130/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":383444,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0130/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":178958,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0130/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","city":"Levittown","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -73.52806091308594,\n              40.72202247464282\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.50059509277344,\n              40.72202247464282\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.50059509277344,\n              40.72878729696505\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.52806091308594,\n              40.72878729696505\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.52806091308594,\n              40.72202247464282\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a90e4b07f02db6557b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lusczynski, N.J.","contributorId":10779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lusczynski","given":"N.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":51021,"text":"ofr51124 - 1951 - Ground-water resources of the Columbus area, Bartholomew County, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-22T18:49:41.552203","indexId":"ofr51124","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"51-124","title":"Ground-water resources of the Columbus area, Bartholomew County, Indiana","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr51124","usgsCitation":"Klaer, F., Davis, G., and Kingsbury, T., 1951, Ground-water resources of the Columbus area, Bartholomew County, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 51-124, Report: 37 p.; 2 Plates: 7.01 x 10.32 inches and 8.54 x 7.26 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr51124.","productDescription":"Report: 37 p.; 2 Plates: 7.01 x 10.32 inches and 8.54 x 7.26 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":178896,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0124/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":383448,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0124/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":383447,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0124/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":383446,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0124/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","county":"Bartholomew County","city":"Columbus","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.2119140625,\n              43.004647127794435\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.76171875,\n              43.004647127794435\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.76171875,\n              45.61403741135093\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.2119140625,\n              45.61403741135093\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.2119140625,\n              43.004647127794435\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -85.9625244140625,\n              39.16839998800286\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.8526611328125,\n              39.16839998800286\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.8526611328125,\n              39.23650795487107\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.9625244140625,\n              39.23650795487107\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.9625244140625,\n              39.16839998800286\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a96e4b07f02db65a87e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klaer, F.H. Jr.","contributorId":85654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klaer","given":"F.H.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, G.E.","contributorId":10361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"G.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kingsbury, T.M.","contributorId":101147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kingsbury","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1324,"text":"wsp1134A - 1951 - Flood of August 4-5, 1943, in central West Virginia, with a summary of flood stages and discharges in West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-16T21:59:34.297557","indexId":"wsp1134A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1134","chapter":"A","title":"Flood of August 4-5, 1943, in central West Virginia, with a summary of flood stages and discharges in West Virginia","docAbstract":"<p>During the night of August 4-5, 1943, a violent, thunderstorm of unusual intensity occurred in parts of Braxton, Calhoun, Gilmer, Ritchie, and Wirt Counties in the Little Kanawha River Basin in central West Virginia. Precipitation amounted to as much as 15 inches in 2 hours in some sections. As a result, many small streams and a reach of the Little Kanawha River in the vicinity of Burnsville and Gilmer reached the highest stages known. Computations based on special surveys made at suitable sites on representative small streams in the areas of intense flooding indicate that peak discharges closely approach 50 percent of the Jarvis scale.</p><p>Twenty-three lives were lost on the small tributaries as numerous homes were swept away by the flood, which developed with incredible rapidity during the early morning hours. Damage estimated at <span>$</span>1,300,000 resulted to farm buildings, crops, land, livestock, railroads, highways, and gas- and oil-producing facilities. Considerable permanent land damage resulted from erosion and deposition of sand and gravel.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Notable local floods of 1942-43","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","doi":"10.3133/wsp1134A","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Corps of Engineers and the State of West Virginia","usgsCitation":"Erskine, H.M., 1951, Flood of August 4-5, 1943, in central West Virginia, with a summary of flood stages and discharges in West Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1134, iv, 57 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1134A.","productDescription":"iv, 57 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":396054,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_24221.htm"},{"id":137976,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1134a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":26371,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1134a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.5,\n              38.667\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.5,\n              38.667\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.5,\n              39.333\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.5,\n              39.333\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.5,\n              38.667\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f1e4b07f02db5ee9a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erskine, Harlan Mercer","contributorId":25135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erskine","given":"Harlan","email":"","middleInitial":"Mercer","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":51017,"text":"ofr51120 - 1951 - Memorandum on ground water from Mississippian rocks in the vicinity of Miami, Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-25T11:58:17","indexId":"ofr51120","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"51-120","title":"Memorandum on ground water from Mississippian rocks in the vicinity of Miami, Oklahoma","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr51120","usgsCitation":"Jacobsen, C., 1951, Memorandum on ground water from Mississippian rocks in the vicinity of Miami, Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 51-120, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr51120.","productDescription":"10 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":369550,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0120/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":178892,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0120/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","county":"Ottawa county","city":"Miami","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-94.619,37],[-94.6196,36.7664],[-94.6187,36.6703],[-94.6187,36.6694],[-95.001,36.6723],[-95.0004,36.9518],[-95.0073,36.9539],[-95.0192,36.9566],[-95.0286,36.9641],[-95.0323,36.9706],[-95.0389,36.9758],[-95.0389,36.9772],[-95.0325,36.9783],[-95.0313,36.9792],[-95.0361,36.9866],[-95.0375,36.9916],[-95.0362,36.9957],[-95.0336,36.9986],[-95.0331,36.9992],[-94.8595,36.9997],[-94.619,37]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Ottawa\",\"state\":\"OK\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ce4b07f02db613d89","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jacobsen, C.L.","contributorId":38222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobsen","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":2461,"text":"wsp1127 - 1951 - Water levels and artesian pressure in observation wells in the United States in 1948, Part 2, Southeastern States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:25","indexId":"wsp1127","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1127","title":"Water levels and artesian pressure in observation wells in the United States in 1948, Part 2, Southeastern States","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Government Print. Office,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1127","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1951, Water levels and artesian pressure in observation wells in the United States in 1948, Part 2, Southeastern States: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1127, vi, 240 p. :ill. ;23 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1127.","productDescription":"vi, 240 p. :ill. ;23 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":138210,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1127/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":28537,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1127/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa1e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":50996,"text":"ofr5198 - 1951 - Ground-water data on certain areas in Baltimore County, Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-04T19:49:52.800103","indexId":"ofr5198","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"51-98","title":"Ground-water data on certain areas in Baltimore County, Maryland","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr5198","usgsCitation":"Bennett, R., 1951, Ground-water data on certain areas in Baltimore County, Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 51-98, Report: 3 p.; 1 Plate: 9.99 x 6.61 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5198.","productDescription":"Report: 3 p.; 1 Plate: 9.99 x 6.61 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":383029,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0098/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":383028,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0098/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":178014,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0098/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","county":"Baltimore County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.81640625,\n              39.20246222588238\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.475830078125,\n              39.20246222588238\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.475830078125,\n              39.37677199661635\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.81640625,\n              39.37677199661635\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.81640625,\n              39.20246222588238\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cf25","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bennett, R.R.","contributorId":104880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":50998,"text":"ofr51100 - 1951 - Ground-water data collected in the Missouri River basin units in Kansas during 1950","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-05T11:22:16","indexId":"ofr51100","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"51-100","title":"Ground-water data collected in the Missouri River basin units in Kansas during 1950","docAbstract":"<p>Ground-water studies in the Missouri River basin were begun by the United States Geological Survey during the fall of 1945 as a part of a program for the development of the resources of the basin by the United States Bureau of Reclamation and other Federal Agencies. The studies of the ground-water resources in the part of Kansas that lies within the basin have been coordinated with the cooperative program of ground-water studies already being carried on in Kansas by the United States Geological Survey, the State Geological Survey of Kansas,the Division of Sanitation of the Kansas State Board of Health, and the Division of Water Resources of the Kansas State Board of Agriculture.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr51100","usgsCitation":"Berry, D.W., 1951, Ground-water data collected in the Missouri River basin units in Kansas during 1950: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 51-100, iv, 144 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr51100.","productDescription":"iv, 144 p.","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359158,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0100/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":178682,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0100/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","otherGeospatial":"Missouri River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -102.030029296875,\n              38.44498466889473\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.415771484375,\n              38.44498466889473\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.415771484375,\n              40.002371935876475\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.030029296875,\n              40.002371935876475\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.030029296875,\n              38.44498466889473\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cfc9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berry, Delmar W.","contributorId":25107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"Delmar","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":2468,"text":"wsp1129 - 1951 - Water levels and artesian pressure in observation wells in the United States in 1948, Part 4, South-Central States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:25","indexId":"wsp1129","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1129","title":"Water levels and artesian pressure in observation wells in the United States in 1948, Part 4, South-Central States","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1129","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1951, Water levels and artesian pressure in observation wells in the United States in 1948, Part 4, South-Central States: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1129, vi, 169 p. :tables ;25 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1129.","productDescription":"vi, 169 p. :tables ;25 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":138731,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1129/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":28544,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1129/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa16e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":51003,"text":"ofr51105 - 1951 - Ground water in Palmer, Anchorage, and Fairbanks areas, Alaska","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":51003,"text":"ofr51105 - 1951 - Ground water in Palmer, Anchorage, and Fairbanks areas, Alaska","indexId":"ofr51105","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"title":"Ground water in Palmer, Anchorage, and Fairbanks areas, Alaska"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":1124,"text":"wsp1590 - 1963 - Ground-water resources of the Fairbanks area, Alaska","indexId":"wsp1590","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water resources of the Fairbanks area, Alaska"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":1124,"text":"wsp1590 - 1963 - Ground-water resources of the Fairbanks area, Alaska","indexId":"wsp1590","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water resources of the Fairbanks area, Alaska"},"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:30","indexId":"ofr51105","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"51-105","title":"Ground water in Palmer, Anchorage, and Fairbanks areas, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr51105","usgsCitation":"Cedarstrom, D., 1951, Ground water in Palmer, Anchorage, and Fairbanks areas, Alaska (Superceded by: W-1590): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 51-105, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr51105.","productDescription":"6 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":111187,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.dggs.dnr.state.ak.us/pubs/id/10445","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":178687,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Superceded by: W-1590","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66dad9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cedarstrom, D.J.","contributorId":102127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cedarstrom","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":37183,"text":"rr25 - 1951 - Otter trawl explorations in Philippine waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:55","indexId":"rr25","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":74,"text":"Research Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"25","title":"Otter trawl explorations in Philippine waters","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Warfel, H.E., and Manacop, P.R., 1951, Otter trawl explorations in Philippine waters: Research Report 25, 49 p. : maps (incl. 2 fold. maps in pocket) ; 23 cm.","productDescription":"49 p. : maps (incl. 2 fold. maps in pocket) ; 23 cm","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":165766,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a561","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warfel, Herbert E.","contributorId":33365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warfel","given":"Herbert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":217627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manacop, Porfirio R.","contributorId":67569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manacop","given":"Porfirio","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":217628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":51066,"text":"ofr51166 - 1951 - Supplemental chemical analyses of surface waters in the Republican River basin, Kansas and Nebraska, October 1945 to September 1950","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:24","indexId":"ofr51166","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"51-166","title":"Supplemental chemical analyses of surface waters in the Republican River basin, Kansas and Nebraska, October 1945 to September 1950","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr51166","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1951, Supplemental chemical analyses of surface waters in the Republican River basin, Kansas and Nebraska, October 1945 to September 1950: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 51-166, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr51166.","productDescription":"10 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":179046,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db69850c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":532110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":16899,"text":"ofr5155A - 1951 - Application of electro-osmosis to the execution of certain works on water-bearing soils","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-26T11:18:16","indexId":"ofr5155A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"51-55","chapter":"A","title":"Application of electro-osmosis to the execution of certain works on water-bearing soils","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr5155A","usgsCitation":"Remenieras, G., and Britt, S.H., 1951, Application of electro-osmosis to the execution of certain works on water-bearing soils: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 51-55, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5155A.","productDescription":"35 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":369641,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0055-a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":150294,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0055-a/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac6e4b07f02db67aa07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Remenieras, G.","contributorId":75168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Remenieras","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Britt, Severine H. (translator)","contributorId":77950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Britt","given":"Severine","suffix":"(translator)","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":10881,"text":"ofr821008 - 1951 - Preliminary investigation of ground-water occurrences in the Weldon Spring area, St. Charles County, Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:39","indexId":"ofr821008","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-1008","title":"Preliminary investigation of ground-water occurrences in the Weldon Spring area, St. Charles County, Missouri","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr821008","usgsCitation":"Roberts, C., and Theis, C., 1951, Preliminary investigation of ground-water occurrences in the Weldon Spring area, St. Charles County, Missouri: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-1008, 36 p, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr821008.","productDescription":"36 p","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145599,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/1008/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":38654,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/1008/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38655,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/1008/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38656,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/1008/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671f89","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roberts, Claude M.","contributorId":64661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"Claude M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Theis, C.V.","contributorId":101641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Theis","given":"C.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":15564,"text":"ofr51142 - 1951 - Notes on the geology and ground-water resources of the Cambridge area, Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-22T17:42:49.550127","indexId":"ofr51142","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"51-142","title":"Notes on the geology and ground-water resources of the Cambridge area, Maryland","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr51142","usgsCitation":"Rasmussen, W., and Slaughter, T.H., 1951, Notes on the geology and ground-water resources of the Cambridge area, Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 51-142, Report: 49 p.; 4 Figures: 9.81 x 6.72 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr51142.","productDescription":"Report: 49 p.; 4 Figures: 9.81 x 6.72 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":383432,"rank":6,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0142/figure-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":383431,"rank":5,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0142/figure-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":383430,"rank":4,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0142/figure-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":383429,"rank":3,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0142/figure-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":383428,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0142/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":147498,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1951/0142/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","city":"Cambridge","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.13525390624999,\n              38.53527591154413\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.9979248046875,\n              38.53527591154413\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.9979248046875,\n              38.603993275591684\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.13525390624999,\n              38.603993275591684\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.13525390624999,\n              38.53527591154413\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db69699c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rasmussen, William Charles","contributorId":12021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"William Charles","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":171342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Slaughter, Turbit Henry","contributorId":6067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slaughter","given":"Turbit","email":"","middleInitial":"Henry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":171341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":2111,"text":"wsp1110A - 1951 - Alluvial fills near Gallup, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-09T10:51:42","indexId":"wsp1110A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1110","chapter":"A","title":"Alluvial fills near Gallup, New Mexico","docAbstract":"<p>Valleys near Gallup, N. Mex., similar to many in the Southwest, were filled in Recent time with alluvium. This material is now being eroded by systems of gullies, and the walls of these gullies provide exposures by which the history of the deposition of the alluvium can be traced.</p><p>Alluvial fills near Gallup have been eroded at least twice previously within Recent time. The middle fill of the three that are recognizable contains potsherds of Pueblo II age, indicating that deposition was occurring as late as A. D. 1200.</p><p>The chronology of alluviation and degradation for valleys in the Gallup area appears to agree with that for other valleys in the Southwest which have been studied.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp1110A","usgsCitation":"Leopold, L.B., and Snyder, C., 1951, Alluvial fills near Gallup, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1110, iii, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1110A.","productDescription":"iii, 19 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"19","numberOfPages":"28","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":27687,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1110a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":138320,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1110a/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","city":"Gallup","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adee4b07f02db68761e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leopold, Luna Bergere","contributorId":93884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leopold","given":"Luna","email":"","middleInitial":"Bergere","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Snyder, Charles T.","contributorId":53767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"Charles T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1065,"text":"wsp1106 - 1951 - Public water supplies in western Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-22T10:37:12","indexId":"wsp1106","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1106","title":"Public water supplies in western Texas","docAbstract":"<p>This report gives a summarized description of the public water supplies in a region comprising 81 counties of western Texas and lying generally west of the hundredth meridian. It is the fourth and last of this series of reports concerning the public water supplies of the State. It gives the available data for each of 142 communities, as follows: The population of the community; the name of the official from whom the information was obtained; the ownership of the waterworks, whether private or municipal; the source of supply, whether ground water or surface water; the amount of water consumed; the facilities for storage; the number of customers served; the character of the chemical and sanitary treatment of the water, if any; and the chemical analyses of the water. Where ground water is used the following also are given. Records of wells, including drillers' logs; character of the pumping equipment; and yield of the wells and water-level records where they are available. Of the 142 public supplies, 133 are obtained from ground water, 5 from surface water, and 4 from a combination of both. The total amount of water . used for public supply in the region averages about 78,000,000 gallons a day. Of this about 61,000,000 gallons a day is ground water and about 17,000,000 gallons a day is surface water. The ground-water resources of the region from which public water supplies are drawn are in rocks that range in age from Permian to Quaternary. The Ogallala formation of Tertiary age (Pliocene), which covers about 35,000 square miles of the High Plains in Texas, is the most important ground-water reservoir in the region. The formation furnishes water for 78 public supplies and for irrigating about 1,000,000 acres of land. The amount of water used for irrigating amounted to about 1,000,000 acre-feet in 1948. The Trinity and Fredericksburg groups of Lower Cretaceous age supply ground water in the western part of the Edwards Plateau, which constitutes an area of more than 22,000 square miles. These formations furnish small to large supplies to 20 municipalities. Sands of the Dockum group of Triassic refurnish meager to moderate supplies of water for 10 municipalities in areas east of the southern part of the High Plains and in the northern Pecos Valley in Texas. Local alluvial, bolson, or volcanic deposits furnish ground water in small to large amounts in scattered localities in the remainder of the region. The Permian rocks are of little importance as a source of ground water for public supply, owing to the highly mineralized water in them. The results of the chemical analyses of 206 samples of water obtained from the public supplies of the region are given in this report. The analyses are reported in parts per million and in equivalents per million for those ions entering into ionic balance. Of the samples analyzed 57 percent contained silica in excess of 20 parts per million; about 9 percent contained iron in excess of 0.3 part per million; 78 percent had hardness in excess of 200 parts per million; about 18 percent contained sulfate in excess of 250 parts per million; 10 percent contained chloride in excess of 250 parts per million; 3 percent contained nitrate in excess of 20 parts per million; 37 percent contained fluoride in excess of 2 parts per million; and 12 percent contained dissolved solids in excess of 1,000 parts per million.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp1106","usgsCitation":"Broadhurst, W., Sundstrom, R., and Weaver, D.E., 1951, Public water supplies in western Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1106, viii, 168 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1106.","productDescription":"viii, 168 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":25744,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1106/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":138103,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1106/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e499ee4b07f02db5bc90a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Broadhurst, W. L.","contributorId":55414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Broadhurst","given":"W. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sundstrom, R.W.","contributorId":103657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sundstrom","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":143120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weaver, D. E.","contributorId":51718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weaver","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}