{"pageNumber":"2674","pageRowStart":"66825","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184582,"records":[{"id":56946,"text":"wri034218 - 2004 - Sediment characteristics and configuration within the Otsego City Dam impoundment on the Kalamazoo River, Michigan, 2001-02","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-23T11:35:54","indexId":"wri034218","displayToPublicDate":"2004-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4218","title":"Sediment characteristics and configuration within the Otsego City Dam impoundment on the Kalamazoo River, Michigan, 2001-02","docAbstract":"<p>The removal of the Otsego City Dam on the Kalamazoo River at Otsego, Mich., is under consideration by the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality and the city of Otsego. The historical discharge of papermill waste containing polychlorinated biphenyls from sources upstream from the dam has led the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to designate the Kalamazoo River from Morrow Dam near Comstock to its mouth near Saugatuck as a Federal Superfund site. The papermill waste is concentrated in organic sediment and kaolinite clay, with the sediment containing as much as 94 milligrams per kilogram polychlorinated biphenyls. This contaminated sediment could move if the dam is removed; therefore, it is necessary to estimate the characteristics and configuration of the sediment before removal plans begin. </p><p>Data from augered sections and sediment cores show that the current Otsego City impoundment sediments were deposited in two distinctly different sedimentary environments: (1) lacustrine sediments consisting of organic-rich silt and clay, fine to medium sand, and some gravel deposited in a repetitive, cyclic fashion related to former stream velocities when the Otsego City impoundment water levels were 2-4 feet higher (1880s-1960s), and from downstream movement of lacustrine sediments during the removal of the upstream Plainwell Dam superstructure in the 1980s; and (2) more recent (1980s-2002) coarse-grained alluvium deposited on top of the lacustrine sediments. The volume of instream sediment contained within the Otsego City impoundment is estimated to be about 457,270 cubic yards. This estimate is based on the composite thicknesses of the lacustrine deposits and overlying alluvium, which were determined to contain PCBs, and does not include bank or flood-plain deposits.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lansing, MI","doi":"10.3133/wri034218","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality","usgsCitation":"Rheaume, S.J., Hubbell, D., Rachol, C., Simard, A., and Fuller, L.M., 2004, Sediment characteristics and configuration within the Otsego City Dam impoundment on the Kalamazoo River, Michigan, 2001-02: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4218, v, 54 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034218.","productDescription":"v, 54 p.","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333703,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5706,"rank":99,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034218/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"Otsego City Dam impoundment","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -85.694444,\n              42.465278\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.694444,\n              42.454167\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.663889,\n              42.454167\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.663889,\n              42.465278\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.694444,\n              42.465278\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af4e4b07f02db691f0e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rheaume, S. J.","contributorId":70804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rheaume","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":255955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hubbell, D. L.","contributorId":85636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubbell","given":"D. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":255956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rachol, C. M. 0000-0001-9984-3435","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9984-3435","contributorId":59085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rachol","given":"C. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":255954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Simard, A.","contributorId":89222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simard","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":255957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fuller, L. M.","contributorId":97987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":255958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":56830,"text":"ofr03157 - 2004 - Principal facts for gravity data collected in Wisconsin: A web site and CD-ROM for distribution of data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-05T20:06:07.158143","indexId":"ofr03157","displayToPublicDate":"2004-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-157","title":"Principal facts for gravity data collected in Wisconsin: A web site and CD-ROM for distribution of data","docAbstract":"Principal facts for 40,488 gravity stations covering the entire state of Wisconsin are presented here in digital form. This is a compilation of previously published data collected between 1948 and 1992 from numerous sources, along with over 10,000 new gravity stations collected by the USGS since 1999. Also included are 550 gravity stations from previously unpublished sources.  Observed gravity and complete-Bouguer gravity anomaly data for this statewide compilation are included here.  Altogether, 14 individual surveys are presented here.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr03157","usgsCitation":"Snyder, S.L., Geister, D.W., Daniels, D.L., and Ervin, C.P., 2004, Principal facts for gravity data collected in Wisconsin: A web site and CD-ROM for distribution of data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-157, HTML Document; CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03157.","productDescription":"HTML Document; CD-ROM","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":175202,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5674,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-157/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":403013,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index 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,{"id":70260,"text":"fs20043007_spanish - 2004 - Evaluacion de los recursos potenciales de petroleo y gas en la provincia de la cuenca de burgos, Mexico nororiental, 2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-29T21:09:51.185262","indexId":"fs20043007_spanish","displayToPublicDate":"2004-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-3007","title":"Evaluacion de los recursos potenciales de petroleo y gas en la provincia de la cuenca de burgos, Mexico nororiental, 2003","language":"Spanish","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20043007_spanish","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2004, Evaluacion de los recursos potenciales de petroleo y gas en la provincia de la cuenca de burgos, Mexico nororiental, 2003 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2004-3007, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20043007_spanish.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":6957,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2004/3007/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":121117,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2004_3007.jpg"}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fb0ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":534693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":57867,"text":"fs20043088 - 2004 - Ground-water ambient monitoring and assessment program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:21","indexId":"fs20043088","displayToPublicDate":"2004-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-3088","title":"Ground-water ambient monitoring and assessment program","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs20043088","usgsCitation":"Kulongoski, J., and Belitz, K., 2004, Ground-water ambient monitoring and assessment program: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2004-3088, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20043088.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":120639,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2004_3088.jpg"},{"id":5808,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/fs2004-3088/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d445","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kulongoski, Justin T. 0000-0002-3498-4154 kulongos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3498-4154","contributorId":919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kulongoski","given":"Justin T.","email":"kulongos@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":257907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345 kbelitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbelitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":257906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":58104,"text":"ofr20041353 - 2004 - Dynamics of the physical environment at the USS Arizona memorial: 2002-2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-22T20:45:22.500744","indexId":"ofr20041353","displayToPublicDate":"2004-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1353","title":"Dynamics of the physical environment at the USS Arizona memorial: 2002-2004","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041353","usgsCitation":"Storlazzi, C., Russell, M.A., Owens, M.D., Field, M.E., and Murphy, L.E., 2004, Dynamics of the physical environment at the USS Arizona memorial: 2002-2004 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1353, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041353.","productDescription":"28 p.","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":181222,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":414578,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_69080.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":5716,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1353/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"USS Arizona Memorial","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -157.95033963540192,\n              21.365229540959703\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.95033963540192,\n              21.364365122627703\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.94948215103528,\n              21.364365122627703\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.94948215103528,\n              21.365229540959703\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.95033963540192,\n              21.365229540959703\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a59e4b07f02db62fe2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Storlazzi, Curt D. 0000-0001-8057-4490","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":77889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"Curt D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Russell, Matthew A.","contributorId":74814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Russell","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Owens, Marshall D.","contributorId":32238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Owens","given":"Marshall","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Field, Michael E. mfield@usgs.gov","contributorId":2101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"Michael","email":"mfield@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Murphy, Larry E.","contributorId":57942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":57954,"text":"pp1550E - 2004 - The Loma Prieta, California, Earthquake of October 17, 1989 - Geologic setting and crustal structure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-07T20:51:47.909987","indexId":"pp1550E","displayToPublicDate":"2004-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1550","chapter":"E","title":"The Loma Prieta, California, Earthquake of October 17, 1989 - Geologic setting and crustal structure","docAbstract":"Although some scientists considered the Ms=7.1 Loma Prieta, Calif., earthquake of 1989 to be an anticipated event, some aspects of the earthquake were surprising. It occurred 17 km beneath the Santa Cruz Mountains along a left-stepping restraining bend in the San Andreas fault system. Rupture on the southwest-dipping fault plane consisted of subequal amounts of right-lateral and reverse motion but did not reach the surface. In the area of maximum uplift, severe shaking and numerous ground cracks occurred along Summit Road and Skyland Ridge, several kilometers south of the main trace of the San Andreas fault. The relatively deep focus of the earthquake, the distribution of ground failure, the absence of throughgoing surface rupture on the San Andreas fault, and the large component of uplift raised several questions about the relation of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake to the San Andreas fault: Did the earthquake actually occur on the San Andreas fault? Where exactly is the San Andreas fault in the heavily forested Santa Cruz Mountains, and how does the fault relate to ground ruptures that occurred there in 1989 and 1906? What is the geometry of the San Andreas fault system at depth, and how does it relate to the major crustal blocks identified by geologic mapping?\r\n\r\nSubsequent geophysical and geologic investigations of crustal structure in the Loma Prieta region have addressed these and other questions about the relation of the earthquake to geologic structures observed in the southern Santa Cruz Mountains. The diverse papers in this chapter cover several topics: geologic mapping of the region, potential- field and electromagnetic modeling of crustal structure, and the velocity structure of the crust and mantle in and below the source region for the earthquake. Although these papers were mostly completed between 1992 and 1997, they provide critical documentation of the crustal structure of the Loma Prieta region. Together, they present a remarkably coherent, three-dimensional picture of the earthquake source region--a geologically complex volume of crust with a long history of both right-lateral faulting and fault-normal compression, thrusting, and uplift.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1550E","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Science Foundation","usgsCitation":"Wells, R., 2004, The Loma Prieta, California, Earthquake of October 17, 1989 - Geologic setting and crustal structure: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1550, Report: 204 p.; 3 Plates: 38.36 × 41.01 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1550E.","productDescription":"Report: 204 p.; 3 Plates: 38.36 × 41.01 inches or smaller","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110519,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68888.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"68888"},{"id":110520,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68889.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"68889"},{"id":8209,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1550/pp1550e/pp1550e_plate3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":8208,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1550/pp1550e/pp1550e_plate2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":8207,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1550/pp1550e/pp1550e_plate1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":5913,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1550/pp1550e/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":401893,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68881.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":182133,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.3382568359375,\n              36.70365959719456\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.31103515625,\n              36.70365959719456\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.31103515625,\n              37.82280243352756\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.3382568359375,\n              37.82280243352756\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.3382568359375,\n              36.70365959719456\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e5687","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wells, Ray E. 0000-0002-7796-0160 rwells@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7796-0160","contributorId":2692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"Ray E.","email":"rwells@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":257995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":57948,"text":"ofr20041342 - 2004 - Lead isotopic compositions of common arsenical pesticides used in New England","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:00","indexId":"ofr20041342","displayToPublicDate":"2004-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1342","title":"Lead isotopic compositions of common arsenical pesticides used in New England","docAbstract":"The three most important arsenical pesticides and herbicides that were extensively used on apple, blueberry, and potato crops in New England from mid-1800s to recent times are lead arsenate, calcium arsenate, and sodium arsenate. Lead arsenate was probably the most heavily used of the arsenical pesticides until it was banned in 1988. Other metal-arsenic pesticides were also used but in lesser amounts. A recent report identified areas in New England where arsenical pesticides were used extensively (Robinson and Ayuso, 2004). On the basis of factor analysis of metal concentrations in stream sediment samples, a positive correlation with pesticide use was shown in regions having stream sediment sample populations that contained concentrations of high arsenic and lead. Lead isotope compositions of stream sediments from areas with heavy use of the pesticides could not be entirely explained by lead originating from rock sulfides and their weathering products. An industrial lead contribution (mostly from atmospheric deposition of lead) was suggested in general to explain the lead isotopic distributions of the stream sediments that could not be accounted for by the natural lead in the environment. We concluded that when agricultural land previously contaminated with arsenical pesticides is urbanized, pesticide residues in the soils and stream sediments could be released into the groundwater. No lead isotopic data characterizing the compositions of pesticides were available for comparison. \r\n\r\nWe have determined the lead isotopic compositions of commonly used pesticides in New England, such as lead arsenate, sodium metaarsenite, and calcium arsenate, in order to assist in future isotopic comparisons and to better establish anthropogenic sources of Pb and As. New data are also presented for copper acetoarsenite (or Paris green), methyl arsonic acid and methane arsonic acid, as well as for arsanilic acid, all of which are used as feed additives to promote swine and poultry growth. The new data characterize these anthropogenic sources. The data show that the arsenical pesticides have similar compositions: 208Pb/207Pb = 2.3839-2.4721, 206Pb/207Pb = 1.1035-1.2010, and 206Pb/204Pb = 17.070-18.759 and, more importantly, that the pesticides overlap the composition of the stream sediments that represent the areas with the most extensive agricultural use. Copper acetoarsenite (Paris green), arsenic oxide, methyl arsonic acid, methane arsonic acid, and arsanilic acid were also analyzed and have lead isotope compositions that range widely. An important source of arsenic and metals to most of the stream sediment samples in New England appears to be weathering products from rocks and industrial lead, but the extensive use of arsenical pesticides and herbicides up to about the 1960s can also be a significant anthropogenic source in agricultural regions.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041342","usgsCitation":"Ayuso, R., Foley, N., Robinson, G., Wandless, G., and Dillingham, J., 2004, Lead isotopic compositions of common arsenical pesticides used in New England (Version 1.0; Online only): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1342, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041342.","productDescription":"14 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5907,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1342/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":181952,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Version 1.0; Online only","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db688a95","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ayuso, Robert","contributorId":96350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayuso","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foley, Nora","contributorId":9342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foley","given":"Nora","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robinson, Gilpin Jr. grobinso@usgs.gov","contributorId":23625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Gilpin","suffix":"Jr.","email":"grobinso@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wandless, Gregory","contributorId":77233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wandless","given":"Gregory","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dillingham, Jeremy","contributorId":49451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dillingham","given":"Jeremy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":57947,"text":"ofr20041336 - 2004 - Lime kiln dust as a potential raw material in portland cement manufacturing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:00","indexId":"ofr20041336","displayToPublicDate":"2004-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1336","title":"Lime kiln dust as a potential raw material in portland cement manufacturing","docAbstract":"In the United States, the manufacture of portland cement involves burning in a rotary kiln a finely ground proportional mix of raw materials. The raw material mix provides the required chemical combination of calcium, silicon, aluminum, iron, and small amounts of other ingredients. The majority of calcium is supplied in the form of calcium carbonate usually from limestone. Other sources including waste materials or byproducts from other industries can be used to supply calcium (or lime, CaO), provided they have sufficiently high CaO content, have low magnesia content (less than 5 percent), and are competitive with limestone in terms of cost and adequacy of supply. In the United States, the lime industry produces large amounts of lime kiln dust (LKD), which is collected by dust control systems. This LKD may be a supplemental source of calcium for cement plants, if the lime and cement plants are located near enough to each other to make the arrangement economical.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041336","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.M., and Callaghan, R.M., 2004, Lime kiln dust as a potential raw material in portland cement manufacturing (Version 1.0; Online only): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1336, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041336.","productDescription":"9 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":181951,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5906,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1336/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0; Online only","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a52ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, M. Michael mmiller1@usgs.gov","contributorId":2018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"M.","email":"mmiller1@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":257969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Callaghan, Robert M. rcallaghan@usgs.gov","contributorId":475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Callaghan","given":"Robert","email":"rcallaghan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":257968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":57942,"text":"wri034185 - 2004 - Environmental setting, water quality, and ecological indicators of surface-water quality in the Mermentau River Basin, southwestern Louisiana, 1998-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-08T13:04:20","indexId":"wri034185","displayToPublicDate":"2004-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4185","title":"Environmental setting, water quality, and ecological indicators of surface-water quality in the Mermentau River Basin, southwestern Louisiana, 1998-2001","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey collected data from 29 wells and 24 surface-water sites in the Mermentau River Basin, 1998-2001, to better understand ground-water and surface-water quality; aquatic invertebrate communities; and habitat conditions, in relation to land use.  This study was  apart of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program, which was designed to assess water quality as it relates to various land uses.  Water-quality data were evaluated with criteria established for the protection of drinking water and aquatic life, and bed-sediment data were compared to aquatic life criteria.  Water-quality and ecological data were analyzed statistically in relation to drainage area and agricultural land-use integrity.\n\nConcentrations of nutrients and major inorganic ions in ground water and surface water generally were highest in the southeastern part of the study area where soils contain thick loess deposits.  Peak concentrations of nutrients in surface water occurred March-may at two sites with high agricultural intensity; the lowest concentrations occurred August-January.  The greatest potential for eutrophic conditions in surface water, based on nutrient concentrations, existed March-May, at about the same time or shortly after ricefields were drained.  Secondary Maximum Contaminant Levels established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) were exceeded for sulfate, chloride, iron, or manganese in samples from 20 wells, and for iron or manganese in samples from all surface-water sites.  \n\nFewer pesticides were detected in ground water than in surface water.  In 11 of of the 29 wells sampled, at least one pesticide or pesticide degradation product was detected.  The most frequently detected pesticides or pesticide degradation products in ground water were the herbicides benzaton and atrazine.  Concentrations of 47 pesticides and degradation products were detected in surface water.  At least 3 pesticides were detected in all surface-water samples.  In 72 percent of the samples at least 5 hydrophilic pesticides were detected, and in more than 70 percent of the samples at least 3 hydrophobic pesticides were detected.  Although atrazine concentrations in three samples collected in the spring exceeded 3 micrograms per liter, the USEPA Maximum Contaminant Level of 3 micrograms per liter was not exceeded because it is based on an annual average of quarterly samples.  Concentrations larger than 3.0 micrograms per liter were not detected in samples collected during other times of the year.  Tebuthiuron was detected at all surface-water sites; the largest concentration (6.33 micrograms per liter) was detected at a site on Bayou des Cannes, and was the only detection that exceeded the criterion (1.6 micrograms per liter) for the protection of aquatic life.  Malathion was detected at 16 surface-water sites; the largest concentration (0.113 micrograms per liter) was detected at a site on Bayou Lacassine and was the only detection that exceeded the criterion (0.1 micrograms per liter) for the protection of aquatic life.  Concentrations of fipronil exceeded numeric targets for acute total maximum daily loads (2.3 micrograms per liter) at 3 sites and chronic total maximum daily loads (4.6 micrograms per liter) at 14 sites.  Maximum pesticide concentrations in surface water usually occurred in the spring at about the same time or shortly after ricefields were drained.  \n\nConcentrations of DDE in bed sediment at two sites exceeded interim freshwater sediment quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life.  Fipronil sulfide and desulfinylpronil were detected at all 17 sites from which bed-sediment samples were collected, but there are no current (2002) guidelines with which to evaluate the environmental effects of fipronil and degradation products.  \n\nTwo methods were used to group the ecological data-collection sites: (1) Sites were grouped before data collection (according to the study design) using drainage area","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri034185","usgsCitation":"Skrobialowski, S.C., Mize, S.V., and Demcheck, D.K., 2004, Environmental setting, water quality, and ecological indicators of surface-water quality in the Mermentau River Basin, southwestern Louisiana, 1998-2001: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4185, 73 p.; 20 figs.; 13 tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034185.","productDescription":"73 p.; 20 figs.; 13 tables","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":181836,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4185/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":274630,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4185/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db6021cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skrobialowski, Stanley C. 0000-0001-8627-0279 sski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8627-0279","contributorId":1402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skrobialowski","given":"Stanley","email":"sski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":257954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mize, Scott V. 0000-0001-6751-5568 svmize@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6751-5568","contributorId":2997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mize","given":"Scott","email":"svmize@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":257955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Demcheck, Dennis K. 0000-0003-2981-078X ddemchec@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2981-078X","contributorId":3273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demcheck","given":"Dennis","email":"ddemchec@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":257956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":57899,"text":"ofr20041296 - 2004 - A summary of the scientific literature on the effects of fire on the concentration of nutrients in surface waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:14","indexId":"ofr20041296","displayToPublicDate":"2004-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1296","title":"A summary of the scientific literature on the effects of fire on the concentration of nutrients in surface waters","docAbstract":"This paper provides a detailed review of the chemical changes that occur in soil during a fire, the pathways by which nutrients are transferred from soil to surface-water bodies following a fire, and the temporal and spatial effects of fires on the concentration of nutrients in surface-water bodies during and following a fire that have been reported in the scientific literature. Thirty-nine papers from the scientific literature that represent studies that (1) were done in a variety of environments (savannas, grasslands, temperate forests, alpine forests, and so forth); (2) had a range of sampling frequency and duration, such as during and immediately following a fire (from the start of fire to 1 year later), short-term sampling (from end of fire to 3 years later), and long term-sampling (sampling for greater than 3 years following a fire); and (3) incorporated watersheds with various burn intensities, severities, and histories were reviewed and summarized. The review of the scientific literature has revealed that measurable effects of fires on streamwater quality are most likely to occur if the fire was severe enough to burn large amounts of organic matter, if windy conditions were present during the fire, if heavy rain occurred following the fire, and if the fire occurred in a watershed with steep slopes and soils with little cation-exchange capacity. Measurable effects of fires on lake- and reservoir-water quality are most likely to occur if, in addition to the factors listed for streams, the lake or reservoir is oligotrophic or mesotrophic and the residence time of water in the lake or reservoir is short relative to the length of time elevated concentrations of nutrients occur in runoff. Knowledge of whether a lake or reservoir is nitrogen or phosphorus limited is important because eutrophication of nitrogen-limited lakes may occur following a fire due to increasing nitrogen:phosphorus ratios caused by prolonged increases of nitrogen concentrations, especially nitrate.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041296","usgsCitation":"Ranalli, A.J., 2004, A summary of the scientific literature on the effects of fire on the concentration of nutrients in surface waters (Online Only): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1296, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041296.","productDescription":"23 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5857,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr2004-1296/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":185204,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Online Only","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a5f2f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ranalli, Anthony J. tranalli@usgs.gov","contributorId":1195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ranalli","given":"Anthony","email":"tranalli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":257916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":69791,"text":"sim2850 - 2004 - Surficial Geologic Map of the Tanacross B-6 Quadrangle, East-Central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:24","indexId":"sim2850","displayToPublicDate":"2004-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2850","title":"Surficial Geologic Map of the Tanacross B-6 Quadrangle, East-Central Alaska","docAbstract":"The Tanacross B-6 1:63,360-scale quadrangle, through which the Alaska Highway runs, is in east-central Alaska about 190 km west of the Yukon border.  The surficial geologic mapping in the quadrangle is in support of the 'Geologic Mapping in support of land, resources and hazards issues in Alaska' Project of the USGS National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program.  The Tanacross B-6 quadrangle contains parts of three physiographic provinces:  the Alaska Range, the Yukon-Tanana Upland, and the Northway-Tanana Lowland.  The high, rugged, glaciated landscape of the eastern Alaska Range dominates the southern and western areas of the map area.  Within the map area, about a dozen peaks rise to more than 1,710 m.  In contrast, the gently rolling hills of the Yukon-Tanana Upland, in the northeastern map area, only rise to about 975 m.  Between the Alaska Range and the Yukon-Tanana Upland lies the Northway-Tanana Lowland, which contains the northwesterly flowing Tanana River.  Elevations along the floor of the lowland generally range between 390 and 420 m.The map provides interpretations of the Quaternary surficial deposits and associated geologic hazards in this area of the upper Tanana valley.  Because the map area is dominated by various surficial deposits, the map depicts 18 different Quaternary surficial units consisting of artificial fill, alluvial, colluvial, organic, eolian, glaciofluvial, glacial, and periglacial deposits.  Deposits shown on this map are generally greater than 1 m thick.  The map is accompanied by a text containing unit descriptions incorporating information pertaining to material type, location, associated hazards, resource use (if any), and thickness.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sim2850","usgsCitation":"Carrara, P.E., 2004, Surficial Geologic Map of the Tanacross B-6 Quadrangle, East-Central Alaska (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2850, 1 sheet, 42 by 24 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2850.","productDescription":"1 sheet, 42 by 24 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110521,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68890.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"68890"},{"id":188367,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6415,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2004/2850/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"63360","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -144,63.25 ], [ -144,63.5 ], [ -143,63.5 ], [ -143,63.25 ], [ -144,63.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cee4b07f02db5455e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carrara, Paul E. pcarrara@usgs.gov","contributorId":1342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carrara","given":"Paul","email":"pcarrara@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":54003,"text":"cir1254 - 2004 - The world's largest floods, past and present: Their causes and magnitudes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-29T11:07:07","indexId":"cir1254","displayToPublicDate":"2004-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1254","title":"The world's largest floods, past and present: Their causes and magnitudes","docAbstract":"<p><span>Floods are among the most powerful forces on earth. Human societies worldwide have lived and died with floods from the very beginning, spawning a prominent role for floods within legends, religions, and history. Inspired by such accounts, geologists, hydrologists, and historians have studied the role of floods on humanity and its supporting ecosystems, resulting in new appreciation for the many-faceted role of floods in shaping our world. Part of this appreciation stems from ongoing analysis of long-term streamflow measurements, such as those recorded by the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) streamflow gaging network. But the recognition of the important role of flooding in shaping our cultural and physical landscape also owes to increased understanding of the variety of mechanisms that cause floods and how the types and magnitudes of floods can vary with time and space. The USGS has contributed to this understanding through more than a century of diverse research activities on many aspects of floods, including their causes, effects, and hazards. This Circular summarizes a facet of this research by describing the causes and magnitudes of the world's largest floods, including those measured and described by modern methods in historic times, as well as floods of prehistoric times, for which the only records are those left by the floods themselves.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cir1254","usgsCitation":"O'Connor, J., and Costa, J.E., 2004, The world's largest floods, past and present: Their causes and magnitudes: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1254, iv, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1254.","productDescription":"iv, 13 p.","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":178206,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4827,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/circ1254/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":352591,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/2004/circ1254/pdf/circ1254.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66d2c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O'Connor, Jim E. 0000-0002-7928-5883 oconnor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7928-5883","contributorId":140771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Connor","given":"Jim E.","email":"oconnor@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":248882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Costa, John E.","contributorId":105743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Costa","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":53746,"text":"ofr20041068 - 2004 - A compilation of rate parameters of water-mineral interaction kinetics for application to geochemical modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-09T15:13:53","indexId":"ofr20041068","displayToPublicDate":"2004-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1068","title":"A compilation of rate parameters of water-mineral interaction kinetics for application to geochemical modeling","docAbstract":"Geochemical reaction path modeling is useful for rapidly assessing the extent of water-aqueous-gas interactions both in natural systems and in industrial processes. Modeling of some systems, such as those at low temperature with relatively high hydrologic flow rates, or those perturbed by the subsurface injection of industrial waste such as CO2 or H2S, must account for the relatively slow kinetics of mineral-gas-water interactions. We have therefore compiled parameters conforming to a general Arrhenius-type rate equation, for over 70 minerals, including phases from all the major classes of silicates, most carbonates, and many other non-silicates. The compiled dissolution rate constants range from -0.21 log moles m-2 s-1 for halite, to -17.44 log moles m-2 s-1 for kyanite, for conditions far from equilibrium, at 25 ?C, and pH near neutral. These data have been added to a computer code that simulates an infinitely well-stirred batch reactor, allowing computation of mass transfer as a function of time. Actual equilibration rates are expected to be much slower than those predicted by the selected computer code, primarily because actual geochemical processes commonly involve flow through porous or fractured media, wherein the development of concentration gradients in the aqueous phase near mineral surfaces, which results in decreased absolute chemical affinity and slower reaction rates. Further differences between observed and computed reaction rates may occur because of variables beyond the scope of most geochemical simulators, such as variation in grain size, aquifer heterogeneity, preferred fluid flow paths, primary and secondary mineral coatings, and secondary minerals that may lead to decreased porosity and clogged pore throats.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041068","usgsCitation":"Palandri, J.L., and Kharaka, Y.K., 2004, A compilation of rate parameters of water-mineral interaction kinetics for application to geochemical modeling: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1068, 70 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041068.","productDescription":"70 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":178870,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5147,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1068/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b27e4b07f02db6b0f66","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Palandri, James L.","contributorId":32235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palandri","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kharaka, Yousif K. 0000-0001-9861-8260 ykharaka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9861-8260","contributorId":1928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kharaka","given":"Yousif","email":"ykharaka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":53810,"text":"fs20043007 - 2004 - Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Resources of the Burgos Basin Province, Northeastern Mexico, 2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:57","indexId":"fs20043007","displayToPublicDate":"2004-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-3007","title":"Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Resources of the Burgos Basin Province, Northeastern Mexico, 2003","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs20043007","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2004, Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Resources of the Burgos Basin Province, Northeastern Mexico, 2003 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2004-3007, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20043007.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":121985,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2004_3007.jpg"},{"id":5222,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2004/3007/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db6728fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":532201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70156209,"text":"70156209 - 2004 - Trends in night-time city lights and vegetation indices associated with urbanization within the conterminous USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-13T15:23:33","indexId":"70156209","displayToPublicDate":"2004-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2068,"text":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trends in night-time city lights and vegetation indices associated with urbanization within the conterminous USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Two datasets that depict the night-time light emitted from the conterminous USA during 1992/1993 and 2000 were compared for changes in light emission. The locations of observed differences in night-time light during this interval were examined for differences observed in a time-integrated vegetation index associated with net primary production. Just over 13% of the land area within the study region exhibited greater night-time light emitted in 2000 compared to 1992/1993. The locations of greater emitted light were found to have decreased values of the time-integrated vegetation index compared to locations that did not exhibit significant increases in emitted light. The observed decrease in the time-integrated vegetation index within the regions of greater emitted light is likely to be due to the change in land cover (increased urbanization) during this interval. The results suggest that the emitted light data were more useful for assessment of urban growth than the integrated vegetation index data.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/01431160310001640964","usgsCitation":"Gallo, K.P., Elvidge, C., Yang, L., and Reed, B.C., 2004, Trends in night-time city lights and vegetation indices associated with urbanization within the conterminous USA: International Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 25, no. 10, p. 2003-2007, https://doi.org/10.1080/01431160310001640964.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"2003","endPage":"2007","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306690,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    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           31.653381399664\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.1171875,\n              30.44867367928756\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.4140625,\n              29.075375179558346\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.83203125,\n              28.69058765425071\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.3046875,\n              29.458731185355344\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.42578124999999,\n              29.53522956294847\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.546875,\n              28.14950321154457\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.580078125,\n              26.509904531413927\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.470703125,\n              25.878994400196202\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.294921875,\n              27.059125784374068\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.328125,\n              28.613459424004414\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.482421875,\n              29.38217507514529\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.197265625,\n              29.152161283318915\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.703125,\n              29.152161283318915\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.296875,\n              28.767659105691255\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.12109375,\n              29.76437737516313\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.9453125,\n              30.221101852485987\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.62695312499999,\n              30.221101852485987\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.869140625,\n              30.221101852485987\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.078125,\n              29.458731185355344\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.19921875,\n              29.916852233070173\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.14453125,\n              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P.","contributorId":86527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallo","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elvidge, C.D.","contributorId":35506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elvidge","given":"C.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yang, L.","contributorId":146507,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yang","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reed, Bradley C. 0000-0002-1132-7178 reed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1132-7178","contributorId":2901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Bradley","email":"reed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":568069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":57986,"text":"ofr20041226 - 2004 - Submarine ground-water discharge and its role in coastal processes and ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-10T16:00:50.03457","indexId":"ofr20041226","displayToPublicDate":"2004-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1226","title":"Submarine ground-water discharge and its role in coastal processes and ecosystems","docAbstract":"<p>Submarine ground-water discharge (SGD) has recently been recognized as a phenomenon that can strongly influence coastal water and geochemical budgets and drive ecosystem change. For example, the discharge of nutrient-enriched ground water into coastal waters may contribute significantly to eutrophication and blooms of harmful algae. Similarly, the quantity of SGD can also directly affect the availability of fresh water to coastal communities, impact fragile coastal ecosystems such as estuaries and coral reefs, and influence geomorphology of shoreline features.</p><p>Moore raised awareness of the global importance of SGD and much effort has been devoted to developing new tracer techniques and methods for the identification and quantification of SGD. Because the discharge of coastal ground water commonly occurs as diffuse seepage rather than focused discharge through identifiable springs, assessing SGD has remained difficult for both oceanographers and hydrologists. Through national and international research programs, Burnett, Moore, Charette, and others have developed a rigorous, systematic approach for quantifying SGD using a wide assortment of tracers and methods. Intercalibration experiments, such as those conducted in coastal waters off Australia, Brazil, and Long Island, NY, demonstrate that careful measurements can accurately quantify SGD, confirm some of the driving mechanisms (e.g. climatic and tidal forcing), and constrain the spatial and temporal scales at which these mechanisms operate. Now that approaches for rigorously quantifying SGD are becoming better established, scientists can now begin to investigate the wide variety of coastal processes affected by SGD.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041226","usgsCitation":"Swarzenski, P.W., Bratton, J.F., and Crusius, J., 2004, Submarine ground-water discharge and its role in coastal processes and ecosystems:  U.S. Geological Survey Open-File 2004–1226, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041226.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":185309,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1226/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":362212,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1226/ofr20041226.pdf","text":"Report","size":"812 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Survey<br>3321 College Avenue<br>Davie, FL 33314</p><p><a href=\"../contact\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Introduction</li><li>Objectives and Approach</li><li>Current and Future Projects</li><li>Collaborators and Related Programs</li><li>Selected Bibliography</li></ul>","publishedDate":"2004-04-01","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-04-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699bb6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swarzenski, Peter W. 0000-0003-0116-0578 pswarzen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0116-0578","contributorId":1070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swarzenski","given":"Peter","email":"pswarzen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bratton, John F. 0000-0003-0376-4981 jbratton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0376-4981","contributorId":92757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bratton","given":"John","email":"jbratton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crusius, John 0000-0003-2554-0831 jcrusius@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2554-0831","contributorId":2155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crusius","given":"John","email":"jcrusius@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70159627,"text":"70159627 - 2004 - A simplified diagnostic model of orographic rainfall for enhancing satellite-based rainfall estimates in data-poor regions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-13T11:36:13","indexId":"70159627","displayToPublicDate":"2004-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2168,"text":"Journal of Applied Meteorology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A simplified diagnostic model of orographic rainfall for enhancing satellite-based rainfall estimates in data-poor regions","docAbstract":"<p><span>An extension of Sinclair's diagnostic model of orographic precipitation (&ldquo;VDEL&rdquo;) is developed for use in data-poor regions to enhance rainfall estimates. This extension (VDELB) combines a 2D linearized internal gravity wave calculation with the dot product of the terrain gradient and surface wind to approximate terrain-induced vertical velocity profiles. Slope, wind speed, and stability determine the velocity profile, with either sinusoidal or vertically decaying (evanescent) solutions possible. These velocity profiles replace the parameterized functions in the original VDEL, creating VDELB, a diagnostic accounting for buoyancy effects. A further extension (VDELB*) uses an on/off constraint derived from reanalysis precipitation fields. A validation study over 365 days in the Pacific Northwest suggests that VDELB* can best capture seasonal and geographic variations. A new statistical data-fusion technique is presented and is used to combine VDELB*, reanalysis, and satellite rainfall estimates in southern Africa. The technique, matched filter regression (MFR), sets the variance of the predictors equal to their squared correlation with observed gauge data and predicts rainfall based on the first principal component of the combined data. In the test presented here, mean absolute errors from the MFR technique were 35% lower than the satellite estimates alone. VDELB assumes a linear solution to the wave equations and a Boussinesq atmosphere, and it may give unrealistic responses under extreme conditions. Nonetheless, the results presented here suggest that diagnostic models, driven by reanalysis data, can be used to improve satellite rainfall estimates in data-sparse regions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/JAM2138.1","usgsCitation":"Funk, C.C., and Michaelsen, J.C., 2004, A simplified diagnostic model of orographic rainfall for enhancing satellite-based rainfall estimates in data-poor regions: Journal of Applied Meteorology, v. 43, no. 10, p. 1366-1378, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAM2138.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1366","endPage":"1378","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478022,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/jam2138.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311298,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564717bce4b0e2669b3130fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Funk, Christopher C. 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Christopher","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":579767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Michaelsen, Joel C.","contributorId":91790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michaelsen","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":55690,"text":"ofr20041035 - 2004 - Synthesis of rainfall and runoff data used for Texas Department of Transportation Research Projects 0-4193 and 0-4194","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-22T17:27:15","indexId":"ofr20041035","displayToPublicDate":"2004-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1035","title":"Synthesis of rainfall and runoff data used for Texas Department of Transportation Research Projects 0-4193 and 0-4194","docAbstract":"In the early 2000s, the Texas Department of Transportation funded several research projects to examine the unit hydrograph and rainfall hyetograph techniques for hydrologic design in Texas for the estimation of design flows for stormwater drainage systems. A research consortium comprised of Lamar University, Texas Tech University, the University of Houston, and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), was chosen to examine the unit hydrograph and rainfall hyetograph techniques. Rainfall and runoff data collected by the USGS at 91 streamflow-gaging stations in Texas formed a basis for the research. These data were collected as part of USGS small-watershed projects and urban watershed studies that began in the late 1950s and continued through most of the 1970s; a few gages were in operation in the mid-1980s. Selected hydrologic events from these studies were available in the form of over 220 printed reports, which offered the best aggregation of hydrologic data for the research objectives. Digital versions of the data did not exist. Therefore, significant effort was undertaken by the consortium to manually enter the data into a digital database from the printed record. The rainfall and runoff data for over 1,650 storms were entered. To enhance data integrity, considerable quality-control and quality-assurance efforts were conducted as the database was assembled and after assembly to enhance data integrity. This report documents the database and informs interested parties on its usage.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041035","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Texas Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Asquith, W.H., Thompson, D.B., Cleveland, T., and Fang, X., 2004, Synthesis of rainfall and runoff data used for Texas Department of Transportation Research Projects 0-4193 and 0-4194 (Online Only): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1035, HTML Document; Report: iv, 52 p.; Appendix A - 492 p.; Appendix B - 506 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041035.","productDescription":"HTML Document; Report: iv, 52 p.; Appendix A - 492 p.; Appendix B - 506 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":181798,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":338136,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1035/pdf/ofr2004-1035.pdf","text":"Report","size":"15.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":5646,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr2004-1035/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -98.44848632812499,\n              34.225429015241396\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.733642578125,\n              29.200123477644983\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.283935546875,\n              27.732160709580906\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.9658203125,\n              33.247875947924385\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.44848632812499,\n              34.225429015241396\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Online Only","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adfe4b07f02db68799a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Asquith, William H. 0000-0002-7400-1861 wasquith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7400-1861","contributorId":1007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asquith","given":"William","email":"wasquith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":254010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thompson, David B.","contributorId":79954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cleveland, Theodore G.","contributorId":88029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cleveland","given":"Theodore G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fang, Xing","contributorId":27134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fang","given":"Xing","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":58033,"text":"sir20045119 - 2004 - Fish communities of the Buffalo River Basin and nearby basins of Arkansas and their relation to selected environmental factors, 2001-2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:29","indexId":"sir20045119","displayToPublicDate":"2004-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5119","title":"Fish communities of the Buffalo River Basin and nearby basins of Arkansas and their relation to selected environmental factors, 2001-2002","docAbstract":"The Buffalo River lies in north-central Arkansas and is a tributary of the White River. Most of the length of the Buffalo River lies within the boundaries of Buffalo National River, a unit of the National Park Service; the upper 24 river kilometers lie within the boundary of the Ozark National Forest. Much of the upper and extreme lower parts of the basin on the south side of the Buffalo River is within the Ozark National Forest. \r\n\r\nDuring the summers of 2001 and 2002, fish communities were sampled at 52 sites in the study area that included the Buffalo River Basin and selected smaller nearby basins within the White River Basin in north-central Arkansas. Water quality (including nutrient and bacteria concentrations) and several other environmental factors (such as stream size, land use, substrate size, and riparian shading) also were measured. \r\n\r\nA total of 56 species of fish were collected from sites within the Buffalo River Basin in 2001 and 2002. All 56 species also were collected from within the boundaries of Buffalo National River. Twenty-two species were collected from headwater sites on tributaries of the Buffalo River; 27 species were collected from sites within or immediately adjacent to the Ozark National Forest. The list of species collected from Buffalo National River is similar to the list of species reported by previous investigators. Species richness at sites on the mainstem of the Buffalo River generally increased in a downstream direction. The number of species collected (both years combined) increased from 17 at the most upstream site to 38 near the mouth of the Buffalo River. In 2001 and 2002, a total of 53 species of fish were collected from sites outside the Buffalo River Basin. \r\n\r\nSeveral fish community metrics varied among sites in different site categories (mainstem, large tributary, small tributary, headwater, and developed out-of-basin sites). Median relative abundances of stonerollers ranged from about 25 to 55 percent and were highest at headwater and developed out-of-basin sites and lowest at mainstem sites. The relative abundances at the headwater and developed out-of-basin sites were significantly different from the relative abundances at the mainstem sites. Percentages of individuals of algivorous/herbivorous, invertivorous, and piscivorous species at headwater sites were significantly lower than values at mainstem and developed out-of-basin sites. Percentages of individuals of invertivorous species at mainstem sites were significantly higher than values at small tributary, headwater, and developed out-of-basin sites. Percentages of top carnivores at mainstem sites were significantly higher than values at tributary and headwater sites. The numbers of darter, sculpin, plus madtom species at mainstem, large tributary, and developed out-of-basin sites were significantly higher than values at other sites, and the values at small tributary sites and headwater sites were each significantly different from values at the other four types of sites. The number of lithophilic spawning species at large tributary sites was not significantly different from values at mainstem and developed out-of-basin sites, but values for small tributary and headwater sites each were significantly different from values for all other categories. Index of biotic integrity scores varied among the site categories. Scores for mainstem sites were significantly larger than all but large tributary site scores. Scores for headwater sites were significantly smaller than mainstem and large tributary site scores.\r\n\r\nSeveral analyses of the data described in this report suggest that drainage area is the most important single factor influencing fish communities of the Buffalo River Basin and nearby basins. Species richness increases with increasing drainage area and some species are restricted to smaller streams while other species are more common in larger streams. Some community metrics also are related to land use and related factors","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20045119","usgsCitation":"Petersen, J., 2004, Fish communities of the Buffalo River Basin and nearby basins of Arkansas and their relation to selected environmental factors, 2001-2002: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5119, 100 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045119.","productDescription":"100 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":183233,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5963,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir2004-5119/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cfe4b07f02db545cb2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Petersen, James C. petersen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"James C.","email":"petersen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":258186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70206783,"text":"70206783 - 2004 - Characterization of the habitat of Lythrum salicaria L. in floodplain forests in western Turkey—Effects on stem height and seed production","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-21T14:30:05","indexId":"70206783","displayToPublicDate":"2004-09-30T14:23:29","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Characterization of the habitat of <i>Lythrum salicaria</i> L. in floodplain forests in western Turkey—Effects on stem height and seed production","title":"Characterization of the habitat of Lythrum salicaria L. in floodplain forests in western Turkey—Effects on stem height and seed production","docAbstract":"<p><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Lythrum salicaria</i><span>&nbsp;(purple loosestrife) is an invasive wetland perennial in North America native to Eurasia. Because light environment may limit the species’ distribution, information on the relationship of forest canopy coverage to relative height and seed set in its native environment could give insight into its control in North America. This study examined the effect of various light environments related to forest canopy structure on seed set and stem height in&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">L. salicaria</i><span>&nbsp;in three biogeographical regions of Turkey spanning latitudes from 36 to 39° N. In Turkey,&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Lythrum salicaria</i><span>&nbsp;grows in discrete patches in the canopy gaps of riverine forests, which often are dominated by&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Populus alba</i><span>. The mean number of seeds per individual and stem height increased with decreasing canopy coverage (10437±284 to 20652±664 seeds individual</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;and 116±2 to 173±2 cm, respectively). A number of insect seed herbivores were noted on these Turkish populations, most notably a seed predator (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Nanophyes marmoratus</i><span>), which destroyed all seeds in infested capsules. Our study suggested that the light characteristics associated with canopy gaps influenced the seed set and height of&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">L. salicaria</i><span>. Other factors likely played a role, such as insect herbivores, soil fertility, and competition with other species, which may also be affected by the light levels provided at various levels of canopy coverage.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1672/0277-5212(2004)024[0711:COTHOL]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Ture, C., Bingol, N.A., and Middleton, B.A., 2004, Characterization of the habitat of Lythrum salicaria L. in floodplain forests in western Turkey—Effects on stem height and seed production: Wetlands, v. 24, no. 3, p. 711-716, https://doi.org/10.1672/0277-5212(2004)024[0711:COTHOL]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"711","endPage":"716","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":369402,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Turkey","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              25.7958984375,\n              35.96022296929667\n            ],\n            [\n              31.81640625,\n              35.96022296929667\n            ],\n            [\n              31.81640625,\n              41.45919537950706\n            ],\n            [\n              25.7958984375,\n              41.45919537950706\n            ],\n            [\n              25.7958984375,\n              35.96022296929667\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ture, Cengiz","contributorId":220777,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ture","given":"Cengiz","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":775743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bingol, Nuket Akanil","contributorId":220778,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bingol","given":"Nuket","email":"","middleInitial":"Akanil","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":775744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Middleton, Beth A. 0000-0002-1220-2326 middletonb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1220-2326","contributorId":2029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Middleton","given":"Beth","email":"middletonb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":775745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70209296,"text":"70209296 - 2004 - Drilling the central crater of the Chesapeake Bay Impact Structure: A first look","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-27T12:48:36","indexId":"70209296","displayToPublicDate":"2004-09-28T12:37:29","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3879,"text":"Eos, Earth and Space Science News","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Drilling the central crater of the Chesapeake Bay Impact Structure: A first look","docAbstract":"<p><span>The late Eocene Chesapeake Bay impact structure is a well‐preserved example of one of Earth's largest impact craters, and its continental‐shelf setting and relatively shallow burial make it an excellent target for study. Since the discovery of the structure over a decade ago [</span><i>Edwards et al.,</i><span>&nbsp;2004;&nbsp;</span><i>Poag et al.,</i><span>&nbsp;2004], test drilling by U.S. federal and state agencies has been limited to the structure's annular trough (Figure 1). In May 2004, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) drilled the first scientific test hole into the central crater of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure in Cape Charies,Virginia (Figure 1). This partially cored test hole, the deepest to date, penetrated postimpact sediments and impact breccias to a total depth of 823 m.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2004EO390001","issn":"00963941","usgsCitation":"Sanford, W.E., Gohn, G., Powars, D.S., Horton, J.W., Edwards, L.E., Self-Trail, J., and Morin, R.H., 2004, Drilling the central crater of the Chesapeake Bay Impact Structure: A first look: Eos, Earth and Space Science News, v. 85, no. 39, p. 369-377, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004EO390001.","productDescription":"9 p. ","startPage":"369","endPage":"377","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478023,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2004eo390001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":373605,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.27783203125,\n              37.931200459333716\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.59692382812499,\n              37.931200459333716\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.59692382812499,\n              39.554883059924016\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.27783203125,\n              39.554883059924016\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.27783203125,\n              37.931200459333716\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"85","issue":"39","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanford, Ward E. 0000-0002-6624-0280 wsanford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6624-0280","contributorId":2268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"Ward","email":"wsanford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":785924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gohn, Gregory 0000-0003-2000-479X ggohn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2000-479X","contributorId":219822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gohn","given":"Gregory","email":"ggohn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":785925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Powars, David S. 0000-0002-6787-8964 dspowars@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6787-8964","contributorId":1181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powars","given":"David","email":"dspowars@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":785926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Horton, J. Wright Jr. 0000-0001-6756-6365 whorton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6756-6365","contributorId":173694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"whorton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Wright","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":785927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":785928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Self-Trail, Jean 0000-0002-3018-4985 jstrail@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3018-4985","contributorId":147370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Self-Trail","given":"Jean","email":"jstrail@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":785929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Morin, Roger H. rhmorin@usgs.gov","contributorId":2432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morin","given":"Roger","email":"rhmorin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":785930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70207853,"text":"70207853 - 2004 - Water-rock interaction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-16T04:56:50","indexId":"70207853","displayToPublicDate":"2004-09-02T16:27:33","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Water-rock interaction","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","conferenceTitle":"Eleventh International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction","conferenceDate":"Jun 27- Jul 2, 2004","conferenceLocation":"Saratoga Springs, NY","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1201/9781482284515","usgsCitation":"2004, Water-rock interaction, 1736 p., https://doi.org/10.1201/9781482284515.","productDescription":"1736 p.","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371281,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-09-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Wanty, Richard B. 0000-0002-2063-6423 rwanty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2063-6423","contributorId":443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wanty","given":"Richard","email":"rwanty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779537,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seal,, Robert R. II 0000-0003-0901-2529 rseal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0901-2529","contributorId":141204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seal,","given":"Robert R.","suffix":"II","email":"rseal@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779538,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70239787,"text":"70239787 - 2004 - Historical seismic activity in the central United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-19T22:43:36.644317","indexId":"70239787","displayToPublicDate":"2004-09-01T16:24:34","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Historical seismic activity in the central United States","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/gssrl.75.5.564","usgsCitation":"Bakun, W.H., and Hopper, M.G., 2004, Historical seismic activity in the central United States: Seismological Research Letters, v. 75, no. 5, p. 564-574, https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.75.5.564.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"564","endPage":"574","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":412092,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, Oklahoma, Tennessee","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-94.042964,33.019219],[-94.043375,33.542315],[-94.8693,33.745871],[-95.219358,33.961567],[-96.138905,33.839159],[-96.316925,33.698997],[-96.66441,33.917267],[-96.85609,33.84749],[-96.979818,33.941588],[-97.097154,33.727809],[-97.206141,33.91428],[-97.426493,33.819398],[-97.688023,33.986607],[-97.896738,33.857985],[-98.095118,34.11119],[-98.504182,34.072371],[-99.13822,34.219159],[-99.358795,34.455863],[-99.707901,34.387539],[-99.971555,34.562179],[-100.000381,34.746358],[-100.000406,36.499702],[-103.002434,36.500397],[-103.002199,37.000104],[-102.054503,36.993109],[-102.051614,41.002377],[-104.039238,41.001502],[-104.053127,43.000585],[-98.568936,42.998537],[-98.042011,42.767316],[-97.834172,42.868794],[-97.256752,42.853913],[-96.489497,42.480112],[-96.628741,42.757532],[-96.448134,43.104452],[-96.598396,43.495074],[-91.261781,43.500993],[-91.059684,43.248566],[-91.174692,43.038713],[-91.05481,42.744686],[-90.617731,42.508077],[-87.815872,42.49192],[-87.812461,42.232278],[-87.365439,41.629536],[-86.824828,41.76024],[-83.504334,41.731547],[-82.513827,41.384257],[-81.69325,41.514161],[-80.533774,41.973475],[-80.518991,40.638801],[-80.667957,40.582496],[-80.619297,40.26517],[-80.88036,39.620706],[-81.656138,39.277355],[-81.874857,38.881174],[-82.068864,38.984878],[-82.318111,38.457876],[-82.569368,38.406258],[-82.611343,38.171548],[-82.474635,37.905902],[-81.982479,37.541807],[-83.128813,36.757864],[-83.625013,36.625183],[-81.6469,36.611918],[-82.02664,36.130222],[-82.325169,36.119363],[-82.531292,35.972188],[-82.701065,36.034404],[-82.955751,35.809802],[-83.880074,35.518745],[-84.052612,35.269982],[-84.28252,35.227877],[-84.321869,34.988408],[-88.202959,35.008028],[-88.10756,34.811628],[-88.46866,31.933173],[-88.395023,30.369425],[-89.315067,30.375408],[-89.461275,30.174745],[-89.615856,30.223195],[-89.806182,30.567543],[-89.816429,31.002084],[-91.625118,30.999167],[-91.502783,31.595727],[-91.030706,32.114337],[-91.171046,32.176526],[-90.90072,32.330379],[-91.117308,32.495039],[-91.013723,32.598419],[-91.105704,32.590879],[-91.054481,32.722259],[-91.158336,32.822304],[-91.078904,32.951818],[-94.042964,33.019219]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Arkansas\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"75","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bakun, William H.","contributorId":39361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bakun","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":861955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hopper, Margaret G. hopper@usgs.gov","contributorId":2227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopper","given":"Margaret","email":"hopper@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":861956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70210546,"text":"70210546 - 2004 - A suspended sediment budget for Pool 13 and La Grange Pool of the upper Mississippi River system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-27T18:38:21.468975","indexId":"70210546","displayToPublicDate":"2004-09-01T13:05:46","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":44,"text":"Long Term Resource Monitoring Program Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"2004-T004","title":"A suspended sediment budget for Pool 13 and La Grange Pool of the upper Mississippi River system","docAbstract":"<p>The suspended sediment budget for Pool 13 of the Mississippi River and La Grange Pool of the Illinois River was examined over a 3-yr period (October 1995 through September 1997). Pool 13 output was between 3.07 and 3.64 million t (metric tons) of suspended sediment annually during the study period. Loads to Pool 13 were dominated by those delivered by the Mississippi River (76%, 74%, and 66% in the 1995, 1996, and 1997 water years, respectively). Pool 13 exhibited sediment export (output greater than input) in 1995, a balance in 1996, and marked sediment trapping (output less than input) in 1997. Within the three study years, Pool 13 received its highest water and sediment loads during spring (March through May) and this period was marked by sediment export. Suspended sediment loads were trapped during the remainder of the year. La Grange Pool output was between 3.71 and 5.04 million t of suspended sediment annually during the 1995-97 water years. The Illinois River accounted for less than 50% of the suspended sediment load to the pool (19%, 25%, and 45% in the 1995, 1996, and 1997 water years, respectively. La Grange Pool exhibited considerable sediment trapping in 1995 whereas the 1996 and 1997 water years were much closer to a balance wherein output was within 5% of input. Generally, La Grange Pool received its largest water and sediment loads during the late spring—early summer period (April through June), but in 1997 the late winter loads predominated. In all years, La Grange Pool trapped the sediments during these high discharge, high loading periods and exported suspended sediments for the remainder of the year. The distinct differences in the manner in which these pools process suspended sediment loads may be related to the considerable differences between the morphometry of these pools.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Gaugush, R.F., 2004, A suspended sediment budget for Pool 13 and La Grange Pool of the upper Mississippi River system: Long Term Resource Monitoring Program Technical Report 2004-T004, v, 13 p.","productDescription":"v, 13 p.","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":401311,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210546/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":396805,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210546/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":396832,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_70942.htm"},{"id":396833,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_70943.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Iowa","otherGeospatial":"Illinois River, La Grange Pool, Pool 13, upper Mississippi River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -90.60699462890625,\n              41.84705871212191\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.0384521484375,\n              41.84705871212191\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.0384521484375,\n              42.37883631647602\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.60699462890625,\n              42.37883631647602\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.60699462890625,\n              41.84705871212191\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -90.5767822265625,\n              39.90973623453719\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.38005828857422,\n              39.90973623453719\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.38005828857422,\n              40.067037152929764\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.5767822265625,\n              40.067037152929764\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.5767822265625,\n              39.90973623453719\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gaugush, Robert F. rgaugush@usgs.gov","contributorId":5873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaugush","given":"Robert","email":"rgaugush@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":837383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":54081,"text":"wri034050 - 2004 - Quality of water from shallow wells in the rice-growing area in southwestern Louisiana, 1999 through 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-01T15:13:02","indexId":"wri034050","displayToPublicDate":"2004-09-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4050","title":"Quality of water from shallow wells in the rice-growing area in southwestern Louisiana, 1999 through 2001","docAbstract":"In 1999-2001, the U.S. Geological Survey installed and sampled 27 shallow wells in the \n\nrice-growing area in southwestern Louisiana as part of the Acadian-Pontchartrain Study Unit of \n\nthe National Water-Quality Assessment Program.  The purpose of this report is to describe the \n\nwaulity of water from shallow wells in the rice-growing area and to relate that water quality to \n\nnatural and anthropogenic activities, particularly rice agriculture.  Ground-water samples were \n\nanalyzed for general ground-water properties and about 150 water-quality constituents, including \n\nmajor inorganic ions, trace elements, nutrients, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), pesticides, \n\nradon, chloroflourocarbons, and selected stable isotopes.\n\nDissolved solids concentrations for 17 wells exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency \n\nsecondary minimum containment level of 500 milligrams per liter (mg/L) for drinking water.  \n\nConcentrations for major pesticides generally were less than the maximum contaminant levels for \n\ndrinking water.  Two major inorganic ions, sulfate and chloride, and two trace elements, iron \n\nand manganese, had concentrations that were greater than the secondary maximum containment \n\nlevels.  Three nutrient concentrations were greater than 2 mg/L, a level that might indicate \n\ncontamination from human activities, and one nutrient concentration (that for nitrite plus \n\nnitrite as nitrogen) was greater than the maximum contaminant level of 10 mg/L for drinking \n\nwater.  The median concentration for DOC was 0.5 mg/L, indicating naturally-occurring DOC \n\nconditions in the study area.  Thirteen pesticides and 7 pesticide degradation products were \n\ndetected in 14 of the 27 wells sampled.  Bentazon, 2, 4-D, and molinate (three rice herbicides) \n\nwere detected in water from four, one, and one wells, respectively, and malathion (a rice \n\ninsecticide) was deteced in water fromone well.  Low-level concentrations and few detections of \n\nnutrients and pesticides indicated that ground-water quality was affected slightly by \n\nanthropogenic activities.  Quality-control samples, including field blanks, replicates, and \n\nspikes, indicated no bias in ground-water data from collection on analysis. \n\nRadon concentrations for 22 of the 24 wells sampled wer at or greater than the U.S. \n\nEnvironmental Protection Agency proposed maximum contaminant level of 300 picocuries per liter.  \n\nChlorofluorocarbon concentrations in selected wells indicated the apparent ages of the ground \n\nwater varied with depth water level and ranged from about 17 to 49 years.  The stable isotopes \n\nof hydrogen and oxygen in water molecules indicated the origin of ground water in the study area \n\nwas rainwater that originated near the study area and that few geochemical or physical processes \n\ninfluenced the stable isotopic composition of the shallow ground water.\n\nThe Spearman rank correlation was used to detemrine whther significant correlations existed between physical properties, selected chemical constituents, the number of pesticides detected, and the apparent age of water.  The depth to ground water was positively correlated to the well depth and inversely correlated to dissolved solids and other constituents, such as radon, indicating the ground water was under unconfined or semiconfined conditions and more dilute with increasing depth.  As the depth to ground water increased, the concentrations of dissolved solids and other constituents decreased, possibly because the deeper sands had a greater transmittal of ground water, which, over time, would flush out, or dilute, the concentrations of dissolved solids in the natural sediments.  The apparent age of water was correlated inversely with nitrite plus nitrite concentration, indicating that as apparent age increased, the nitrite plus nitrite concentration decreased.  No significant correlations existed between the number of pesticides detected and any of the physical or chemica","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri034050","usgsCitation":"Tollett, R.W., and Fendick, R., 2004, Quality of water from shallow wells in the rice-growing area in southwestern Louisiana, 1999 through 2001: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4050, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034050.","productDescription":"44 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":178108,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4050/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":275849,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4050/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db686309","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tollett, Roland W. 0000-0002-4726-5845 rtollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4726-5845","contributorId":1896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tollett","given":"Roland","email":"rtollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":249164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fendick, Robert B. Jr. rfendick@usgs.gov","contributorId":1313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fendick","given":"Robert B.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"rfendick@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":249163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}