We have presented a summary of measurements on the physical properties of sediments relevant to methane hydrate recovery. The data includes not only geotechnical determinations, but also the CMT data that gives porosity values and pathways through the sediment material. The results show that CMT techniques can be used to study sediment properties on a micrometer-size scale. Since the technique is non-destructive, changes in the sediment microstructures as a function of pressure and temperature can be measured. It is also feasible to look at formation of methane hydrates in the sediment structure as has already been demonstrated [7–9]. A longer term challenge is to start from the microscale data and calculate the macroscopic quantities shown in Table 2. We also note that the CMT measurements help in identification of different minerals found in the sediments. This feature of CMT was not exploited in this survey.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Advances in study of gas hydrates","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/0-306-48645-8_16","usgsCitation":"Mahajan, D., Servio, P., Jones, K.W., Feng, H., and Winters, W.J., 2004, Methane hydrate studies: Delineating properties of host sediments to establish reproducible decomposition kinetics, chap. 16 of Advances in study of gas hydrates, p. 239-250, https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48645-8_16.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"239","endPage":"250","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478029,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1409758/","text":"External Repository"},{"id":292851,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f8596ce4b03f038c5c184f","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Taylor, C.E.","contributorId":112153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509956,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kwwan, J.T.","contributorId":113301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kwwan","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509957,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Mahajan, Devinder","contributorId":86277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahajan","given":"Devinder","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Servio, Phillip","contributorId":51666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Servio","given":"Phillip","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Keith W.","contributorId":9185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Feng, Huan","contributorId":16333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feng","given":"Huan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Winters, William J. bwinters@usgs.gov","contributorId":522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winters","given":"William","email":"bwinters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70121489,"text":"70121489 - 2004 - Economic impacts of anthropogenic activities on coastlines of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-24T14:50:35","indexId":"70121489","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-22T10:17:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Economic impacts of anthropogenic activities on coastlines of the United States","docAbstract":"Anthropogenic activities primarily impact coasts by reducing sediment inputs, altering sediment transport processes, and accelerating sediment losses to the offshore. These activities include: sand and gravel extraction, navigation and shore protection works; non-structural shoreline management strategies such as beach nourishment, sand by-passing and beach scraping, dams and flood control works; channel and inlet dredging; subsidence caused by fluid extraction and reduction of carbonate beach material. Although many of these activities have improved the quality of life, they also have had unintended effects on the coast. The issues that arise from human alterations of the coast are common to many coastal regions around the world; this paper draws from several areas of the United States to present an overview and provisional assessment of the economic consequences of anthropogenic activities along the Pacific coast.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coastal engineering 2004 : Proceedings of the 29th International Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"World Scientific Publishing Company","doi":"10.1142/9789812701916_0244","usgsCitation":"Magoon, O.T., Williams, S.J., Lent, L.K., Richmond, J.A., Treadwell, D.D., Douglass, S.L., Edge, B.L., Ewing, L.C., and Pratt, A.P., 2004, Economic impacts of anthropogenic activities on coastlines of the United States, in Coastal engineering 2004 : Proceedings of the 29th International Conference, v. 3, p. 3022-3035, https://doi.org/10.1142/9789812701916_0244.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"3022","endPage":"3035","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292848,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Pacific Coast","volume":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-06-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f85955e4b03f038c5c17e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Magoon, Orville T.","contributorId":26631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magoon","given":"Orville","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, S. 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Several factors have been identified that contribute to the variability in bacterial abundance counts when using fluorescent microscopy, the most significant of which is retaining an adequate number of cells per filter to ensure an acceptable level of statistical confidence in the resulting data. Previous studies that have assessed the components of total-direct-count methods that contribute to this variance have attempted to maintain a bacterial cell abundance value per filter of approximately 106 cells filter-1. In this study we have established the lower limit for the number of bacterial cells per filter at which the statistical reliability of the abundance estimate is no longer acceptable. Our results indicate that when the numbers of bacterial cells per filter were progressively reduced below 105, the microscopic methods increasingly overestimated the true bacterial abundance (range, 15.0 to 99.3%). The solid-phase cytometer only slightly overestimated the true bacterial abundances and was more consistent over the same range of bacterial abundances per filter (range, 8.9 to 12.5%). The solid-phase cytometer method for conducting total direct counts of bacteria was less biased and performed significantly better than any of the microscope methods. It was also found that microscopic count data from counting 5 fields on three separate filters were statistically equivalent to data from counting 20 fields on a single filter.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/AEM.70.9.5343-5348.2004","usgsCitation":"Lisle, J.T., Hamilton, M.A., Willse, A.R., and McFeters, G.A., 2004, Comparison of fluorescence microscopy and solid-phase cytometry methods for counting bacteria in water: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 70, no. 9, p. 5343-5348, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.70.9.5343-5348.2004.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"5343","endPage":"5348","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478030,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/520900","text":"External Repository"},{"id":292839,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292842,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.70.9.5343-5348.2004"}],"volume":"70","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f8594ee4b03f038c5c17ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lisle, John T. 0000-0002-5447-2092 jlisle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5447-2092","contributorId":2944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisle","given":"John","email":"jlisle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hamilton, Martin A.","contributorId":92180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Willse, Alan R.","contributorId":52901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willse","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McFeters, Gordon A.","contributorId":45636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McFeters","given":"Gordon","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70121476,"text":"70121476 - 2004 - Analysis of coral mucus as an improved medium for detection of enteric microbes and for determining patterns of sewage contamination in reef environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-22T09:57:11","indexId":"70121476","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-22T09:54:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1443,"text":"EcoHealth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of coral mucus as an improved medium for detection of enteric microbes and for determining patterns of sewage contamination in reef environments","docAbstract":"Traditional fecal indicator bacteria are often subject to a high degree of die-off and dilution in tropical marine waters, particularly in offshore areas such as coral reefs. Furthermore, these microbes are often not associated with human waste, and their presence may not be indicative of health risk. To address the offshore extent of wastewater contamination in the Florida Keys reef tract, we assayed coral surfaces for the presence of human-specific enteric viruses. The overlying water column and surface mucopolysaccharide (mucus) layers from scleractinian corals were sampled from three stations along a nearshore-to-offshore transect beginning at Long Key in the middle Florida Keys, USA. Samples were assayed for standard bacterial water quality indicators (fecal coliform bacteria and enterococci) and for human enteroviruses by direct reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The concentration of the bacterial indicators was greatest at the nearshore station in both the water column and corals, and decreased with distance from shore; no indicator bacteria were detected at the offshore station. Whereas human enteroviruses were not detected in any of the water column samples, they were detected in 50–80% of coral mucus samples at each station. These data provide evidence that human sewage is impacting the reef tract up to ~6.5 km from shore in the middle Florida Keys and that coral mucus is an efficient trap for viral markers associated with anthropogenic pollution.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"EcoHealth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10393-004-0132-4","usgsCitation":"Lipp, E.K., and Griffin, D.W., 2004, Analysis of coral mucus as an improved medium for detection of enteric microbes and for determining patterns of sewage contamination in reef environments: EcoHealth, v. 1, no. 3, p. 317-323, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-004-0132-4.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"317","endPage":"323","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292833,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292832,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10393-004-0132-4"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Florida Keys","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.9875,24.3963 ], [ -82.9875,25.3543 ], [ -80.1502,25.3543 ], [ -80.1502,24.3963 ], [ -82.9875,24.3963 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"1","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-07-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f85944e4b03f038c5c174b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lipp, Erin K.","contributorId":73823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipp","given":"Erin","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Griffin, Dale W. 0000-0003-1719-5812 dgriffin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1719-5812","contributorId":2178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffin","given":"Dale","email":"dgriffin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70121470,"text":"70121470 - 2004 - Effects of solar irradiance on reef coral physiology and recriutment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-22T09:41:07","indexId":"70121470","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-22T09:37:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Effects of solar irradiance on reef coral physiology and recriutment","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The effects of combined sea temperature, light, and carbon dioxide on coral bleaching, settlement, and growth : the first annual Combined Effects Think Tank to Support CREWS Modeling","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","usgsCitation":"Kuffner, I.B., 2004, Effects of solar irradiance on reef coral physiology and recriutment, in The effects of combined sea temperature, light, and carbon dioxide on coral bleaching, settlement, and growth : the first annual Combined Effects Think Tank to Support CREWS Modeling, p. 57-59.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"57","endPage":"59","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292822,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f85956e4b03f038c5c17f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuffner, Ilsa B. 0000-0001-8804-7847 ikuffner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8804-7847","contributorId":3105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuffner","given":"Ilsa","email":"ikuffner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70121458,"text":"70121458 - 2004 - Hydrogeologic setting and ground water flow beneath a section of Indian River Bay, Delaware","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-06T10:41:56","indexId":"70121458","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-22T09:05:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrogeologic setting and ground water flow beneath a section of Indian River Bay, Delaware","docAbstract":"The small bays along the Atlantic coast of the Delmarva Peninsula (Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia) are a valuable natural resource, and an asset for commerce and recreation. These coastal bays also are vulnerable to eutrophication from the input of excess nutrients derived from agriculture and other human activities in the watersheds. Ground water discharge may be an appreciable source of fresh water and a transport pathway for nutrients entering the bays. This paper presents results from an investigation of the physical properties of the surficial aquifer and the processes associated with ground water flow beneath Indian River Bay, Delaware. A key aspect of the project was the deployment of a new technology, streaming horizontal resistivity, to map the subsurface distribution of fresh and saline ground water beneath the bay. The resistivity profiles showed complex patterns of ground water flow, modes of mixing, and submarine ground water discharge. Cores, gamma and electromagnetic-induction logs, and in situ ground water samples collected during a coring operation in Indian River Bay verified the interpretation of the resistivity profiles. The shore-parallel resistivity lines show subsurface zones of fresh ground water alternating with zones dominated by the flow of salt water from the estuary down into the aquifer. Advective flow produces plumes of fresh ground water 400 to 600 m wide and 20 m thick that may extend more than 1 km beneath the estuary. Zones of dispersive mixing between fresh and saline ground water develop on the upper, lower, and lateral boundaries of the the plume. the plumes generally underlie small incised valleys that can be traced landward to stream draining the upland. The incised valleys are filled with 1 to 2 m of silt and peat that act as a semiconfining layer to restrict the downward flow of salt water from the estuary. Active circulation of both the fresh and saline ground water masses beneath the bay is inferred from the geophysical results and supported by geochemical data.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2004.tb02642.x","usgsCitation":"Krantz, D.E., Manheim, F., Bratton, J.F., and Phelan, D.J., 2004, Hydrogeologic setting and ground water flow beneath a section of Indian River Bay, Delaware: Ground Water, v. 42, no. 7, p. 1035-1051, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2004.tb02642.x.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1035","endPage":"1051","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292812,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware","otherGeospatial":"Indian River Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.17919921875,\n 37.78808138412046\n ],\n [\n -74.97070312499999,\n 37.801103690609615\n ],\n [\n -74.97070312499999,\n 38.85682013474361\n ],\n [\n -76.190185546875,\n 38.843986129756615\n ],\n [\n -76.17919921875,\n 37.78808138412046\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"42","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-03-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f85960e4b03f038c5c1816","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krantz, David E.","contributorId":9238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krantz","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manheim, Frank T. 0000-0003-4005-4524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4005-4524","contributorId":45294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manheim","given":"Frank T.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":499077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bratton, John F. 0000-0003-0376-4981 jbratton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0376-4981","contributorId":92757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bratton","given":"John","email":"jbratton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Phelan, Daniel J.","contributorId":51716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phelan","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70121302,"text":"70121302 - 2004 - Los impactos de las actividades relacionadas con el petroleo y el gas en la disminucion de los humedales costeros del delta del Misisipi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-20T16:38:30","indexId":"70121302","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-20T16:36:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Los impactos de las actividades relacionadas con el petroleo y el gas en la disminucion de los humedales costeros del delta del Misisipi","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Diagnostico ambiental del Golfo de Mexico","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"Spanish","publisher":"Instituto de Ecologia","usgsCitation":"Ko, J., Day, J., Barras, J., Morton, R., Johnston, J., Steyer, G., Kemp, G.P., Clairain, E., and Theriot, R., 2004, Los impactos de las actividades relacionadas con el petroleo y el gas en la disminucion de los humedales costeros del delta del Misisipi, chap. of Diagnostico ambiental del Golfo de Mexico, p. 957-977.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"957","endPage":"977","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292720,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f5b656e4b09d12e0e8e6f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ko, Jae-Young","contributorId":28905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ko","given":"Jae-Young","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Day, John","contributorId":106810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barras, John","contributorId":24437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barras","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morton, Robert","contributorId":49701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnston, James","contributorId":80748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Steyer, Gregory 0000-0001-7231-0110","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7231-0110","contributorId":27797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steyer","given":"Gregory","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kemp, G. Paul","contributorId":70701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kemp","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Clairain, Ellis","contributorId":98653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clairain","given":"Ellis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Theriot, Russell","contributorId":73924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Theriot","given":"Russell","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70121299,"text":"70121299 - 2004 - Where in the world are my field plots? Using GPS effectively in environmental field studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-20T16:04:48","indexId":"70121299","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-20T16:01:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1701,"text":"Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Where in the world are my field plots? Using GPS effectively in environmental field studies","docAbstract":"Global positioning system (GPS) technology is rapidly replacing tape, compass, and traditional surveying instruments as the preferred tool for estimating the positions of environmental research sites. One important problem, however, is that it can be difficult to estimate the uncertainty of GPS-derived positions. Sources of error include various satellite- and site-related factors, such as forest canopy and topographic obstructions. In a case study from the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in New Hampshire, hand-held, mapping-grade GPS receivers generally estimated positions with 1–5 m precision in open, unobstructed settings, and 20–30 m precision under forest canopy. Surveying-grade receivers achieved precisions of 10 cm or less, even in challenging terrain. Users can maximize the quality of their GPS measurements by “mission planning” to take advantage of high-quality satellite conditions. Repeated measurements and simultaneous data collection at multiple points can be used to assess accuracy and precision.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/1540-9295(2004)002[0475:WITWAM]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Johnson, C.E., and Barton, C.C., 2004, Where in the world are my field plots? Using GPS effectively in environmental field studies: Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, v. 2, no. 9, p. 475-482, https://doi.org/10.1890/1540-9295(2004)002[0475:WITWAM]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"475","endPage":"482","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292714,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292713,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/1540-9295(2004)002[0475:WITWAM]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"2","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f5b65be4b09d12e0e8e71c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Chris E.","contributorId":17539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Chris","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barton, Christopher C.","contributorId":61901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barton","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70121286,"text":"70121286 - 2004 - Assessment of estuarine water-quality indicators using MODIS medium-resolution bands: initial results from Tampa Bay, FL","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-14T17:29:05.970251","indexId":"70121286","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-20T15:18:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of estuarine water-quality indicators using MODIS medium-resolution bands: initial results from Tampa Bay, FL","docAbstract":"Using Tampa Bay, FL as an example, we explored the potential for using MODIS medium-resolution bands (250- and 500-m data at 469-, 555-, and 645-nm) for estuarine monitoring. Field surveys during 21–22 October 2003 showed that Tampa Bay has Case-II waters, in that for the salinity range of 24–32 psu, (a) chlorophyll concentration (11 to 23 mg m−3), (b) colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) absorption coefficient at 400 nm (0.9 to 2.5 m−1), and (c) total suspended sediment concentration (TSS: 2 to 11 mg L−1) often do not co-vary. CDOM is the only constituent that showed a linear, inverse relationship with surface salinity, although the slope of the relationship changed with location within the bay. The MODIS medium-resolution bands, although designed for land use, are 4–5 times more sensitive than Landsat-7/ETM+ data and are comparable to or higher than those of CZCS. Several approaches were used to derive synoptic maps of water constituents from concurrent MODIS medium-resolution data. We found that application of various atmospheric-correction algorithms yielded no significant differences, due primarily to uncertainties in the sensor radiometric calibration and other sensor artifacts. However, where each scene could be groundtruthed, simple regressions between in situ observations of constituents and at-sensor radiances provided reasonable synoptic maps. We address the need for improvements of sensor calibration/characterization, atmospheric correction, and bio-optical algorithms to make operational and quantitative use of these medium-resolution bands.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Remote Sensing of Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2004.08.007","usgsCitation":"Hu, C., Chen, Z., Clayton, T.D., Swarzenski, P.W., Brock, J., and Muller-Karger, F.E., 2004, Assessment of estuarine water-quality indicators using MODIS medium-resolution bands: initial results from Tampa Bay, FL: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 93, no. 3, p. 423-441, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2004.08.007.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"423","endPage":"441","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292700,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292699,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2004.08.007"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Tampa Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.755578,27.520902 ], [ -82.755578,27.838234 ], [ -82.449468,27.838234 ], [ -82.449468,27.520902 ], [ -82.755578,27.520902 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"93","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f5b64ae4b09d12e0e8e652","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hu, Chuanmin","contributorId":24696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hu","given":"Chuanmin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chen, Zhiqiang","contributorId":54516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"Zhiqiang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clayton, Tonya D.","contributorId":82622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clayton","given":"Tonya","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Swarzenski, Peter W. 0000-0003-0116-0578 pswarzen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0116-0578","contributorId":1070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swarzenski","given":"Peter","email":"pswarzen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":535669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brock, John 0000-0002-5289-9332 jbrock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5289-9332","contributorId":2261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brock","given":"John","email":"jbrock@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Muller-Karger, Frank E.","contributorId":68230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muller-Karger","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70121280,"text":"70121280 - 2004 - Holocene reef development where wave energy reduces accommodation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-20T14:41:56","indexId":"70121280","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-20T14:27:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2451,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Research","onlineIssn":"1938-3681","printIssn":"1527-1404","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Holocene reef development where wave energy reduces accommodation","docAbstract":"Analyses of 32 drill cores obtained from the windward reef of Kailua Bay, Oahu, Hawaii, indicate that high wave energy significantly reduced accommodation space for reef development in the Holocene and produced variable architecture because of the combined influence of sea-level history and wave exposure over a complex antecedent topography. A paleostream valley within the late Pleistocene insular limestone shelf provided accommodation space for more than 11 m of vertical accretion since sea level flooded the bay 8000 yr BP. Virtually no net accretion (<1 m) took place on surrounding Pleistocene substrates shallower than 10 m. Holocene reef accretion ocurred in three stages: (1) an early stage of catch-up framestone development in water depths of 11-17 m, (2) an intermediate stage characterized by either no accretion or by the pile-up of fore-reef-derived rubble (rudstone) and sparse bindstone, and (3) a final stage of catch-up bindstone accretion in depths > 6 m. Coral framestone accreted at rates of 2.5-6.0 mm/yr in water depths > 11 m during the early Holocene; it abruptly terminated at ~4500 yr BP because of wave scour as sea level stabilized. More than 4 m of rudstone derived from the upper fore reef accreted at depths of 6 to 13 m below sea level between 4000 and 1500 yr BP coincident with late Holocene relative sea-level fall. Variations in the thickness, composition, and age of these reef facies across spatial scales of 10-1000 m within Kailua Bay illustrate the importance of antecedent topography and wave-related stress in reducing accommodation space for reef development set by sea level. Although accommodation space of 6 to 17 m has existed through most of the Holocene, the Kailua reef has been unable to catch up to sea level because of persistent high wave stress.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Sedimentary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society for Sedimentary Geology","doi":"10.1306/070203740049","usgsCitation":"Grossman, E., and Fletcher, C., 2004, Holocene reef development where wave energy reduces accommodation: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 74, no. 1, p. 49-63, https://doi.org/10.1306/070203740049.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"49","endPage":"63","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292692,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292691,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1306/070203740049"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Kalua Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -157.743307,21.399404 ], [ -157.743307,21.42743 ], [ -157.721044,21.42743 ], [ -157.721044,21.399404 ], [ -157.743307,21.399404 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"74","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f5b654e4b09d12e0e8e6d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grossman, Eric E.","contributorId":40677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grossman","given":"Eric E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fletcher, Charles H.","contributorId":30286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fletcher","given":"Charles H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70121272,"text":"70121272 - 2004 - [Book review] Sea level rise: history and consequences","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-20T14:18:52","indexId":"70121272","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-20T14:11:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3562,"text":"The Holocene","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"[Book review] Sea level rise: history and consequences","docAbstract":"Review of: Sea level Rise: history and consequences. Bruce Douglas, Michael S. Kearney and Stephen P. Leatherman (eds), Sand Diego: Academic Press, 2001, 232 pp. plus CD-RIM, US$64.95, hardback. 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A number of different satellites such as NASA's Earth-Probe Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) and Se-viewing Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) acquire daily global-scale data used to produce imagery for monitoring dust storm formation and movement. This global-scale imagery has documented the frequent transmission of dust storm-derived soils through Earth's atmosphere and the magnitude of many of these events. While various research projects have been undertaken to understand this normal planetary process, little has been done to address its impact on ocean and human health. This review will address the ability of dust storms to influence marine microbial population densities and transport of soil-associated toxins and pathogenic microorganisms to marine environments. 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S.","contributorId":35860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yen","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Myrick, T.","contributorId":25328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myrick","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Klingelhoefer, G.","contributorId":29177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klingelhoefer","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Rieder, R.","contributorId":28046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rieder","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Gellert, R.","contributorId":167508,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gellert","given":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":24733,"text":"Department of Physics, University of Guelph","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":752646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}} ,{"id":70199578,"text":"70199578 - 2004 - The role of the unsaturated zone in artificial recharge at San Gorgonio Pass, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-20T21:08:18","indexId":"70199578","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T21:07:49","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3674,"text":"Vadose Zone Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of the unsaturated zone in artificial recharge at San Gorgonio Pass, California","docAbstract":"The hydrogeology of the unsaturated zone plays a critical role in determining the suitability of a site for artificial recharge. Optimally, a suitable site has highly permeable soils, a capacity for horizontal flow at the aquifer boundary, a lack of impeding layers, and a thick unsaturated zone. The suitability of a site is often determined by field and laboratory measurements of soil properties, field experiments, and numerical modeling. An artificial recharge site in the San Gorgonio Pass area in southern California, USA was studied to better understand the role of the unsaturated zone in artificial recharge by surface spreading. Field measurements and observations were used to characterize the site and to develop a conceptual model of the unsaturated zone. A numerical model was developed based on the conceptual model and calibrated using data from a 50-d artificial recharge experiment conducted in 1991 and borehole data collected between 1997 and 2002. Results indicate that an impeding layer exists 70 m below land surface that will cause lateral diversion of artificially recharged water, which would spread out and delay recharge to the water table 185 m below land surface.
","language":"English","doi":"10.2136/vzj2004.0763","usgsCitation":"Flint, A.L., and Ellett, K.M., 2004, The role of the unsaturated zone in artificial recharge at San Gorgonio Pass, California: Vadose Zone Journal, v. 3, no. 3, p. 763-774, https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2004.0763.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"763","endPage":"774","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357594,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Gorgonio Pass","volume":"3","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10e7e7e4b034bf6a8007f0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flint, Alan L. 0000-0002-5118-751X aflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5118-751X","contributorId":1492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Alan","email":"aflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ellett, Kevin M.","contributorId":205955,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ellett","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37197,"text":"Indiana Geological and Water Survey, Indiana University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70169930,"text":"70169930 - 2004 - Pesticide degradates: Monitoring and occurrence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-06T12:03:56.66115","indexId":"70169930","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T15:15:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Pesticide degradates: Monitoring and occurrence","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of International symposium on pesticides, their degradates, and adjuvants","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"International symposium on pesticides, their degradates, and adjuvants","conferenceDate":"June 4, 2004","conferenceLocation":"Prague, Czech Republic","language":"English","publisher":"Cranfield University","publisherLocation":"Prague, Czech Republic","usgsCitation":"Kolpin, D., Battaglin, W., Meyer, M.T., Schnoebelen, D., and Kalkhoff, S., 2004, Pesticide degradates: Monitoring and occurrence, in Proceedings of International symposium on pesticides, their degradates, and adjuvants, Prague, Czech Republic, June 4, 2004.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319631,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56fd01a0e4b0a6037df2c93d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kolpin, D.W.","contributorId":87565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Battaglin, W.A.","contributorId":16376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battaglin","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meyer, M. T.","contributorId":92279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schnoebelen, D.J.","contributorId":98352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schnoebelen","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kalkhoff, S. J.","contributorId":28967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalkhoff","given":"S. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":57162,"text":"sir20045070 - 2004 - Delineation of areas contributing recharge to selected public-supply wells in Glacial Valley-Fill and Wetland Settings, Rhode Island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:08","indexId":"sir20045070","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5070","title":"Delineation of areas contributing recharge to selected public-supply wells in Glacial Valley-Fill and Wetland Settings, Rhode Island","docAbstract":"Areas contributing recharge and sources of water to one proposed and seven present public-supply wells, screened in sand and gravel deposits and clustered in three study areas, were determined on the basis of calibrated, steady-state ground-water-flow models representing average hydrologic conditions. The area contributing recharge to a well is defined as the surface area where water recharges the ground water and then flows toward and discharges to the well.\r\n\r\nIn Cumberland and Lincoln, public-supply well fields on opposite sides of the Blackstone River are in a narrow valley bordered by steep hillslopes. Ground-water-level and river-stage measurements indicated that river water was infiltrating the aquifer and flowing toward the wells during pumping conditions. Simulated areas contributing recharge to the Cumberland well field operating alone for both average (324 gallons per minute) and maximum (1,000 gallons per minute) pumping rates extend on both sides of the river to the lateral model boundaries, which is the contact between the valley and uplands. The area contributing recharge at the average pumping rate is about 0.05 square mile and the well field derives 72 percent of pumped water from upland runoff. At the maximum pumping rate, the area contributing recharge extends farther up and down the valley to 0.12 square mile and the primary source of water to the well field was infiltrated river water (53 percent). Upland areas draining toward the areas contributing recharge encompass 0.58 and 0.66 square mile for the average and maximum rates, respectively. By incorporating the backup Lincoln well-field withdrawals (2,083 gallons per minute) into the model, the area contributing recharge to the Cumberland well field operating at its maximum rate is reduced to 0.08 square mile; part of the simulated area which contributes recharge to the Cumberland well field when it is operating alone contributes instead to the Lincoln well field when both well fields are pumped. The Cumberland well field compensates by increasing the percentage of water it withdraws from the river by 11 percent. The upland area draining toward the Cumberland contributing area is 0.55 square mile. The area contributing recharge to the Lincoln well field is 0.08 square mile and infiltrated river water contributes 88 percent of the total water; the upland area draining toward the contributing area is 0.34 square mile.\r\n\r\nIn North Smithfield, a public-supply well in a valley-fill setting is close to Trout Brook Pond, which is an extension of the Lower Slatersville Reservoir. A comparison of water levels from the pond and underlying sediments indicates that water is not infiltrated from Trout Brook Pond when the supply well is pumped at its maximum rate of 200 gallons per minute. Simulated areas contributing recharge for the maximum pumping rate and for the estimated maximum yield, 500 gallons per minute, of a proposed replacement well extend to the ground-water divides on both sides of Trout Brook Pond. For the 200 gallons-per-minute rate, the area contributing recharge is 0.23 square mile; the well derives almost all of its water from intercepted ground water that normally discharges to surface-water bodies. For the pumping rate of 500 gallons per minute, the area contributing recharge is 0.45 square mile. The increased pumping rate is balanced by additional intercepted ground water and by inducing 25 percent of the total withdrawn water from surface water.\r\n\r\nIn Westerly, one public-supply well is in a watershed where the primarily hydrologic feature is a wetland. Water levels in piezometers surrounding the well site indicated a downward vertical gradient and the potential for water in the wetland to infiltrate the underlying aquifer. The simulated area contributing recharge for the average pumping rate (240 gallons per minute) and for the maximum pumping rate (700 gallons per minute) extends to the surrounding uplands (surficial materials not covered by t","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20045070","usgsCitation":"Friesz, P.J., 2004, Delineation of areas contributing recharge to selected public-supply wells in Glacial Valley-Fill and Wetland Settings, Rhode Island: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5070, 57 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045070.","productDescription":"57 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5640,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir2004-5070/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":122868,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2004_5070.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671c9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friesz, Paul J. 0000-0002-4660-2336 pfriesz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4660-2336","contributorId":1075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friesz","given":"Paul","email":"pfriesz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":256300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":54249,"text":"ofr2003380 - 2004 - Analytical results from ground-water sampling using a direct-push technique at the Dover National Test Site, Dover Air Force Base, Delaware, June-July 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-10T13:14:48.807612","indexId":"ofr2003380","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-380","title":"Analytical results from ground-water sampling using a direct-push technique at the Dover National Test Site, Dover Air Force Base, Delaware, June-July 2001","docAbstract":"A joint study by the Dover National Test Site and the U.S. Geological Survey was conducted from June 27 through July 18, 2001 to determine the spatial distribution of the gasoline oxygenate additive methyl tert-butyl ether and selected water-quality constituents in the surficial aquifer underlying the Dover National Test Site at Dover Air Force Base, Delaware. The study was conducted to support a planned enhanced bio-remediation demonstration and to assist the Dover National Test Site in identifying possible locations for future methyl tert-butyl ether remediation demonstrations.\r\n\r\nThis report presents the analytical results from ground-water samples collected during the direct-push ground-water sampling study. A direct-push drill rig was used to quickly collect 115 ground-water samples over a large area at varying depths. The ground-water samples and associated quality-control samples were analyzed for volatile organic compounds and methyl tert-butyl ether by the Dover National Test Site analytical laboratory.\r\n\r\nVolatile organic compounds were above the method reporting limits in 59 of the 115 ground-water samples. The concentrations ranged from below detection limits to maximum values of 12.4 micrograms per liter of cis-1,2-dichloroethene, 1.14 micrograms per liter of trichloroethene, 2.65 micrograms per liter of tetrachloroethene, 1,070 micrograms per liter of methyl tert-butyl ether, 4.36 micrograms per liter of benzene, and 1.8 micrograms per liter of toluene. Vinyl chloride, ethylbenzene, p,m-xylene, and o-xylene were not detected in any of the samples collected during this investigation. Methyl tert-butyl ether was detected in 47 of the 115 ground-water samples. The highest methyl tert-butyl ether concentrations were found in the surficial aquifer from -4.6 to 6.4 feet mean sea level, however, methyl tert-butyl ether was detected as deep as -9.5 feet mean sea level. Increased methane concentrations and decreased dissolved oxygen concentrations were found in samples that contained methyl tert-butyl ether.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr2003380","usgsCitation":"Guertal, W.R., Stewart, M., Barbaro, J.R., and McHale, T.J., 2004, Analytical results from ground-water sampling using a direct-push technique at the Dover National Test Site, Dover Air Force Base, Delaware, June-July 2001: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-380, iv, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2003380.","productDescription":"iv, 31 p.","temporalStart":"2001-06-01","temporalEnd":"2001-07-31","costCenters":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":174299,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9037,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/ofr03-380/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c585","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guertal, William R. wguertal@usgs.gov","contributorId":3792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guertal","given":"William","email":"wguertal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":249657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stewart, Marie","contributorId":100931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"Marie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barbaro, Jeffrey R. 0000-0002-6107-2142 jrbarbar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6107-2142","contributorId":1626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barbaro","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jrbarbar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":249656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McHale, Timthoy J.","contributorId":42650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McHale","given":"Timthoy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":56322,"text":"ofr20041254 - 2004 - Geochemistry of mine waste and mill tailings, meadow deposits, streambed sediments, and the general hydrology and water quality for the Frohner Meadows area, upper Lump Gulch, Jefferson County, Montana","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":56322,"text":"ofr20041254 - 2004 - Geochemistry of mine waste and mill tailings, meadow deposits, streambed sediments, and the general hydrology and water quality for the Frohner Meadows area, upper Lump Gulch, Jefferson County, Montana","indexId":"ofr20041254","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"title":"Geochemistry of mine waste and mill tailings, meadow deposits, streambed sediments, and the general hydrology and water quality for the Frohner Meadows area, upper Lump Gulch, Jefferson County, Montana"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":76323,"text":"sir20055265 - 2006 - Geochemistry of mine waste and mill tailings, meadow deposits, and stream bed sediment and the general hydrology and water quality of the Frohner Meadows area, Upper Lump Gulch, Jefferson County, Montana","indexId":"sir20055265","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"Geochemistry of mine waste and mill tailings, meadow deposits, and stream bed sediment and the general hydrology and water quality of the Frohner Meadows area, Upper Lump Gulch, Jefferson County, Montana"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":76323,"text":"sir20055265 - 2006 - Geochemistry of mine waste and mill tailings, meadow deposits, and stream bed sediment and the general hydrology and water quality of the Frohner Meadows area, Upper Lump Gulch, Jefferson County, Montana","indexId":"sir20055265","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"Geochemistry of mine waste and mill tailings, meadow deposits, and stream bed sediment and the general hydrology and water quality of the Frohner Meadows area, Upper Lump Gulch, Jefferson County, Montana"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-09T19:26:13.548225","indexId":"ofr20041254","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1254","title":"Geochemistry of mine waste and mill tailings, meadow deposits, streambed sediments, and the general hydrology and water quality for the Frohner Meadows area, upper Lump Gulch, Jefferson County, Montana","docAbstract":"Frohner Meadows, an area of low-topographic gradient subalpine ponds and wetlands in glaciated terrane near the headwaters of Lump Gulch (a tributary of Prickly Pear Creek), is located about 15 miles west of the town of Clancy, Montana, in the Helena National Forest. Mining and ore treatment of lead-zinc-silver veins in granitic rocks of the Boulder batholith over the last 120 years from two sites (Frohner mine and the Nellie Grant mine) has resulted in accumulations of mine waste and mill tailings that have been distributed downslope and downstream by anthropogenic and natural processes. \r\nThis report presents the results of an investigation of the geochemistry of the wetlands, streams, and unconsolidated-sediment deposits and the hydrology, hydrogeology, and water quality of the area affected by these sources of ore-related metals. Ground water sampled from most shallow wells in the meadow system contained high concentrations of arsenic, exceeding the Montana numeric water-quality standard for human health. Transport of cadmium and zinc in ground water is indicated at one site near Nellie Grant Creek based on water-quality data from one well near the creek. Mill tailings deposited in upper Frohner Meadow contribute large arsenic loads to Frohner Meadows Creek; Nellie Grant Creek contributes large arsenic, cadmium, and zinc loads to upper Frohner Meadows. Concentrations of total-recoverable cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc in most surface-water sites downstream from the Nellie Grant mine area exceeded Montana aquatic-life standards. Nearly all samples of surface water and ground water had neutral to slightly alkaline pH values. \r\nConcentrations of arsenic, cadmium, lead, and zinc in streambed sediment in the entire meadow below the mine waste and mill tailings accumulations are highly enriched relative to regional watershed-background concentrations and exceed consensus-based, probable-effects concentrations for streambed sediment at most sites. Cadmium, copper, and zinc typically are adsorbed to the surface coatings of streambed-sediment grains. Mine waste and mill tailings contain high concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc in a quartz-rich matrix. Most of the waste sites that were sampled had low acid-generating capacity, although one site (fine-grained mill tailings from the Nellie Grant mine deposited in the upper part of lower Frohner Meadows) had extremely high acid-generating potential because of abundant fine-grained pyrite. \r\nTwo distinct sites were identified as metal sources based on streambed-sediment samples, cores in the meadow substrate, and mine and mill-tailings samples. The Frohner mine and mill site contribute material rich in arsenic and lead; similar material from the Nellie Grant mine and mill site is rich in cadmium and zinc.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041254","usgsCitation":"Klein, T.L., Cannon, M.R., and Fey, D.L., 2004, Geochemistry of mine waste and mill tailings, meadow deposits, streambed sediments, and the general hydrology and water quality for the Frohner Meadows area, upper Lump Gulch, Jefferson County, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1254, 68 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041254.","productDescription":"68 p.","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":184738,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402021,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68251.htm"},{"id":5698,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1254/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","county":"Jefferson County","otherGeospatial":"Frohner Meadows area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.2192,\n 46.4333\n ],\n [\n -112.1872,\n 46.4333\n ],\n [\n -112.1872,\n 46.4539\n ],\n [\n -112.2192,\n 46.4539\n ],\n [\n -112.2192,\n 46.4333\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1fe4b07f02db6ab64e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klein, Terry L. tklein@usgs.gov","contributorId":1244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klein","given":"Terry","email":"tklein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":255228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cannon, Michael R.","contributorId":37411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":255229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fey, David L. dfey@usgs.gov","contributorId":713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fey","given":"David","email":"dfey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":255227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":56828,"text":"fs20043068 - 2004 - Cooperative Water Program - A Partnership in the Nation's Water-Resources Program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:49","indexId":"fs20043068","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-3068","title":"Cooperative Water Program - A Partnership in the Nation's Water-Resources Program","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs20043068","usgsCitation":"Taggart, B.E., 2004, Cooperative Water Program - A Partnership in the Nation's Water-Resources Program: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2004-3068, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20043068.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5673,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/fs2004-3068/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":120684,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2004_3068.bmp"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db68657b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taggart, Bruce E. btaggart@usgs.gov","contributorId":144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taggart","given":"Bruce","email":"btaggart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":255815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}