No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041258","usgsCitation":"Daniels, D.L., and Snyder, S.L., 2004, New England states aeromagnetic and gravity maps and data: A web site for distribution of data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1258, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041258.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":180825,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402787,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68323.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":5683,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1258/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont","otherGeospatial":"New England","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -66.7529296875,\n 44.809121700077355\n ],\n [\n -67.32421875,\n 45.27488643704891\n ],\n [\n -67.4560546875,\n 45.55252525134013\n ],\n [\n -67.67578124999999,\n 45.89000815866184\n ],\n [\n -68.115234375,\n 47.39834920035926\n ],\n [\n -68.90625,\n 47.27922900257082\n ],\n [\n -69.169921875,\n 47.517200697839414\n ],\n [\n -70.751953125,\n 45.55252525134013\n ],\n [\n -71.3232421875,\n 45.30580259943578\n ],\n [\n -71.630859375,\n 44.99588261816546\n ],\n [\n -73.388671875,\n 45.02695045318546\n ],\n [\n -73.2568359375,\n 43.03677585761058\n ],\n [\n -73.6083984375,\n 41.73852846935917\n ],\n [\n -73.7841796875,\n 41.0130657870063\n ],\n [\n -67.939453125,\n 41.343824581185686\n ],\n [\n -67.32421875,\n 41.409775832009565\n ],\n [\n -66.7529296875,\n 44.809121700077355\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db6979ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Daniels, David L. 0000-0003-0599-8036 dave@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0599-8036","contributorId":1792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniels","given":"David","email":"dave@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":255837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Snyder, Stephen L. ssnyder@usgs.gov","contributorId":4753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"Stephen","email":"ssnyder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5068,"text":"Midwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":255838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":56836,"text":"ofr20041272 - 2004 - Assessment of Appalachian Basin oil and gas resources: Carboniferous Coal-bed Gas Total Petroleum System","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":56836,"text":"ofr20041272 - 2004 - Assessment of Appalachian Basin oil and gas resources: Carboniferous Coal-bed Gas Total Petroleum System","indexId":"ofr20041272","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"title":"Assessment of Appalachian Basin oil and gas resources: Carboniferous Coal-bed Gas Total Petroleum System"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70055628,"text":"pp1708G.1 - 2014 - Assessment of Appalachian basin oil and gas resources: Carboniferous Coal-bed Gas Total Petroleum System","indexId":"pp1708G.1","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"G.1","title":"Assessment of Appalachian basin oil and gas resources: Carboniferous Coal-bed Gas Total Petroleum System"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70055628,"text":"pp1708G.1 - 2014 - Assessment of Appalachian basin oil and gas resources: Carboniferous Coal-bed Gas Total Petroleum System","indexId":"pp1708G.1","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Assessment of Appalachian basin oil and gas resources: Carboniferous Coal-bed Gas Total Petroleum System"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-06T21:21:08.987043","indexId":"ofr20041272","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1272","title":"Assessment of Appalachian Basin oil and gas resources: Carboniferous Coal-bed Gas Total Petroleum System","docAbstract":"The Carboniferous Coal-bed Gas Total Petroleum System, lies within the central and northern parts of the Appalachian coal field. It consists of five assessment units (AU): the Pocahontas Basin in southwestern Virginia, southern West Virginia, and eastern Kentucky, the Central Appalachian Shelf in Tennessee, eastern Kentucky and southern West Virginia, East Dunkard (Folded) in western Pennsylvania and northern West Virginia, West Dunkard (Unfolded) in Ohio and adjacent parts of Pennsylvania and West Virginia, and the Appalachian Anthracite and Semi-Anthracite AU in Pennsylvania and Virginia. Of these, only the Pocahontas Basin and West Dunkard (Folded) AU were assessed quantitatively by the U.S. Geological survey in 2002 as containing about 3.6 and 4.8 Tcf of undiscovered, technically recoverable gas, respectively (Milici and others, 2003).
In general, the coal beds of this Total Petroleum System, which are both the source rock and reservoir, were deposited together with their associated sedimentary strata in Mississippian and Pennsylvanian (Carboniferous) time. The generation of biogenic (microbial) gas probably began almost immediately as the peat deposits were first formed. Microbial gas generation is probably occurring at present to some degree throughout the basin, where the coal beds are relatively shallow and wet. With sufficient depth of burial, compaction, and coalification during the late Paleozoic and Early Mesozoic, the coal beds were heated sufficiently to generate thermogenic gas in the eastern part of the Appalachian basin.
Trap formation began initially with the deposition of the paleopeat deposits during the Mississippian, and continued into the Late Pennsylvanian and Permian as the Appalachian Plateau strata were deformed during the Alleghanian orogeny. Seals are the connate waters that occupy fractures and larger pore spaces within the coal beds as well as the fine-grained siliciclastic sedimentary strata that are intercalated with the coal. The critical moment for the petroleum system occurred during this orogeny, when deformation created geologic structures in the eastern part of the basin that enhanced fracture porosity within the coal beds. In places, burial by thrust sheets (thrust loading) within the Appalachian fold-and-thrust belt may have resulted in additional generation of thermogenic CBM in the anthracite district of Pennsylvania and in the semianthracite deposits of Virginia and West Virginia.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041272","usgsCitation":"Milici, R.C., 2004, Assessment of Appalachian Basin oil and gas resources: Carboniferous Coal-bed Gas Total Petroleum System (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1272, 98 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041272.","productDescription":"98 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":180826,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":403105,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68324.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":5684,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1272/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":361983,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1272/2004-1272.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Kentucky, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Appalachian Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -85,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -76,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -76,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -85,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -85,\n 36\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672be9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milici, Robert C. rmilici@usgs.gov","contributorId":563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milici","given":"Robert","email":"rmilici@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":255839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":56773,"text":"sir20045028 - 2004 - Application of Acoustic and Optic Methods for Estimating Suspended-Solids Concentrations in the St. Lucie River Estuary, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:48","indexId":"sir20045028","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5028","title":"Application of Acoustic and Optic Methods for Estimating Suspended-Solids Concentrations in the St. Lucie River Estuary, Florida","docAbstract":"Acoustic and optic methods were applied to estimate suspended-solids concentrations in the St. Lucie River Estuary, southeastern Florida. Acoustic Doppler velocity meters were installed at the North Fork, Speedy Point, and Steele Point sites within the estuary. These sites provide varying flow, salinity, water-quality, and channel cross-sectional characteristics. The monitoring site at Steele Point was not used in the analyses because repeated instrument relocations (due to bridge construction) prevented a sufficient number of samples from being collected at the various locations. Acoustic and optic instruments were installed to collect water velocity, acoustic backscatter strength (ABS), and turbidity data that were used to assess the feasibility of estimating suspended-solids concentrations in the estuary. Other data collected at the monitoring sites include tidal stage, salinity, temperature, and periodic discharge measurements. \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nRegression analyses were used to determine the relations of suspended-solids concentration to ABS and suspended-solids concentration to turbidity at the North Fork and Speedy Point sites. For samples used in regression analyses, measured suspended-solids concentrations at the North Fork and Speedy Point sites ranged from 3 to 37 milligrams per liter, and organic content ranged from 50 to 83 percent. Corresponding salinity for these samples ranged from 0.12 to 22.7 parts per thousand, and corresponding temperature ranged from 19.4 to 31.8 ?C. Relations determined using this technique are site specific and only describe suspended-solids concentrations at locations where data were collected. The suspended-solids concentration to ABS relation resulted in correlation coefficients of 0.78 and 0.63 at the North Fork and Speedy Point sites, respectively. The suspended-solids concentration to turbidity relation resulted in correlation coefficients of 0.73 and 0.89 at the North Fork and Speedy Point sites, respectively. The adequacy of the empirical equations seems to be limited by the number and distribution of suspended-solids samples collected throughout the expected concentration range at the North Fork and Speedy Point sites. Additionally, the ABS relations for both sites seem to overestimate at the low end and underestimate at the high end of the concentration range. \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nBased on the sensitivity analysis, temperature had a greater effect than salinity on estimated suspended-solids concentrations. Temperature also appeared to affect ABS data, perhaps by changing the absorptive and reflective characteristics of the suspended material. Salinity and temperature had no observed effects on the turbidity relation at the North Fork and Speedy Point sites. \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nEstimates of suspended-solids concentrations using ABS data were less 'erratic' than estimates using turbidity data. Combining ABS and turbidity data into one equation did not improve the accuracy of results, and therefore, was not considered.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20045028","usgsCitation":"Patino, E., and Byrne, M., 2004, Application of Acoustic and Optic Methods for Estimating Suspended-Solids Concentrations in the St. Lucie River Estuary, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5028, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045028.","productDescription":"23 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":174834,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5659,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir2004-5028/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac6e4b07f02db67aba0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Patino, Eduardo 0000-0003-1016-3658 epatino@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1016-3658","contributorId":1743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patino","given":"Eduardo","email":"epatino@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":270,"text":"FLWSC-Tampa","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":255754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Byrne, Michael J.","contributorId":8550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byrne","given":"Michael J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":255755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":56828,"text":"fs20043068 - 2004 - Cooperative Water Program - A Partnership in the Nation's Water-Resources Program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:49","indexId":"fs20043068","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-3068","title":"Cooperative Water Program - A Partnership in the Nation's Water-Resources Program","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs20043068","usgsCitation":"Taggart, B.E., 2004, Cooperative Water Program - A Partnership in the Nation's Water-Resources Program: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2004-3068, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20043068.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5673,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/fs2004-3068/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":120684,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2004_3068.bmp"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db68657b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taggart, Bruce E. btaggart@usgs.gov","contributorId":144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taggart","given":"Bruce","email":"btaggart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":255815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":56767,"text":"ofr20041236 - 2004 - Questa baseline and pre-mining ground-water quality investigation. 1. Depth to bedrock determinations using shallow seismic data acquired in the Straight Creek drainage near Red River, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-06T19:23:26.411193","indexId":"ofr20041236","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1236","displayTitle":"Questa Baseline and Pre-Mining Ground-Water Quality Investigation. 1. Depth to Bedrock Determinations Using Shallow Seismic Data Acquired in the Straight Creek Drainage Near Red River, New Mexico","title":"Questa baseline and pre-mining ground-water quality investigation. 1. Depth to bedrock determinations using shallow seismic data acquired in the Straight Creek drainage near Red River, New Mexico","docAbstract":"In late May and early June of 2002, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) acquired four P-wave seismic profiles across the Straight Creek drainage near Red River, New Mexico. The data were acquired to support a larger effort to investigate baseline and pre-mining ground-water quality in the Red River basin (Nordstrom and others, 2002). For ground-water flow modeling, knowledge of the thickness of the valley fill material above the bedrock is required. When curved-ray refraction tomography was used with the seismic first arrival times, the resulting images of interval velocity versus depth clearly show a sharp velocity contrast where the bedrock interface is expected. The images show that the interpreted buried bedrock surface is neither smooth nor sharp, but it is clearly defined across the valley along the seismic line profiles. The bedrock models defined by the seismic refraction images are consistent with the well data.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041236","usgsCitation":"Powers, M.H., and Burton, B., 2004, Questa baseline and pre-mining ground-water quality investigation. 1. Depth to bedrock determinations using shallow seismic data acquired in the Straight Creek drainage near Red River, New Mexico (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1236, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041236.","productDescription":"18 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":173879,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":401799,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68292.htm"},{"id":5649,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1236/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Red River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.58333333333333,36.63333333333333 ], [ -105.58333333333333,36.75 ], [ -105.33333333333333,36.75 ], [ -105.33333333333333,36.63333333333333 ], [ -105.58333333333333,36.63333333333333 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a126","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Powers, Michael H. 0000-0002-4480-7856 mhpowers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4480-7856","contributorId":851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powers","given":"Michael","email":"mhpowers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":255734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burton, Bethany L. 0000-0001-5011-7862 blburton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5011-7862","contributorId":1341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burton","given":"Bethany L.","email":"blburton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":255735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":69773,"text":"sim2834 - 2004 - Geologic Map of the Saint Helens Quadrangle, Columbia County, Oregon, and Clark and Cowlitz Counties, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:36","indexId":"sim2834","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2834","title":"Geologic Map of the Saint Helens Quadrangle, Columbia County, Oregon, and Clark and Cowlitz Counties, Washington","docAbstract":"The Saint Helens 7.5' quadrangle is situated in the Puget-Willamette Lowland approximately 35 km north Portland, Oregon. The lowland, which extends from Puget Sound into west-central Oregon, is a complex structural and topographic trough that lies between the Coast Range and the Cascade Range. Since late Eocene time, Cascade Range has been the locus of a discontinuously active volcanic arc associated with underthrusting of\r\noceanic lithosphere beneath the North American continent along the Cascadia Subduction Zone. The Coast Range occupies the forearc position within the Cascadia arc-trench system and consists of a complex assemblage of\r\nEocene to Miocene volcanic and marine sedimentary rocks.\r\n\r\nThe Saint Helens quadrangle lies in the northern part of the Portland Basin, a roughly 2000-km2 topographic and structural depression. It is the northernmost of several sediment-filled structural basins that\r\ncollectively constitute the Willamette Valley segment of the Puget-Willamette Lowland (Beeson and others, 1989; Swanson and others, 1993; Yeats and others, 1996). The rhomboidal basin is approximately 70 km long and 30 km wide, with its long dimension oriented northwest. The Columbia River flows west and north through the Portland Basin at an elevation near sea level and exits through a confined bedrock valley less than 2.5 km wide about 16 km north of Saint Helens. The flanks of the basin consist of Eocene through Miocene volcanic and sedimentary rocks that rise to elevations exceeding 2000 ft (610 m). Seismic-reflection profiles (L.M. Liberty, written commun., 2003) and lithologic logs of water wells (Swanson and others, 1993; Mabey and Madin, 1995) indicate that as much as 550 m of late Miocene and younger sediments have accumulated in the deepest part of the basin near Vancouver. Most of this basin-fill material was carried in from the east by the Columbia River but contributions from streams draining the adjacent highlands are locally important. \r\n\r\nThe Portland Basin has been interpreted as a pull-apart basin located in the releasing stepover between two echelon, northwest-striking, right-lateral fault zones (Beeson and others, 1985, 1989; Beeson and Tolan, 1990; Yelin and Patton, 1991; Blakely and others, 1995). These fault zones are thought to reflect regional transpression and dextral shear within the forearc in response to oblique subduction along the Cascadia Subduction Zone Pezzopane and Weldon, 1993; Wells and others, 1998). The southwestern margin of the Portland Basin is a well-defined topographic break along the base of the Tualatin Mountains, an asymmetric anticlinal ridge that is bounded its northeast flank by the Portland Hills Fault Zone (Balsillie and Benson, 1971; Beeson and others, 1989; Blakely and others, 1995), which is probably an active structure (Wong and others, 2001; Liberty and others, 2003). The nature of the corresponding northeastern margin of the basin is less clear, but a poorly defined and partially buried dextral extensional fault zone has been hypothesized from topography, microseismicity, potential fieldanomalies, and reconnaissance geologic mapping (Beeson and others, 1989; Beeson and Tolan, 1990; Yelin and Patton, 1991; Blakely and others, 1995). Another dextral structure, the Kalama Structural Zone of Evarts (2002), may underlie the north-northwest-trending reach of the Columbia River north of Woodland (Blakely and others, 1995). \r\n\r\nThis map is a contribution to a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) program designed to improve the geologic database for the Portland Basin region of the Pacific Northwest urban corridor, the populated forearc region of western Washington and Oregon. Better and more detailed information on the bedrock and surficial geology of the basin and its surrounding area is needed to refine assessments of seismic risk (Yelin and Patton, 1991; Bott and Wong, 1993), ground-failure hazards (Madin and Wang, 1999; Wegmann and Walsh, 2001) and resource availability in this rapid","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sim2834","usgsCitation":"Evarts, R.C., 2004, Geologic Map of the Saint Helens Quadrangle, Columbia County, Oregon, and Clark and Cowlitz Counties, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2834, map, 34 by 44 inches; 24 p. pamphlet; data files, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2834.","productDescription":"map, 34 by 44 inches; 24 p. pamphlet; data files","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110492,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_67707.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"67707"},{"id":187628,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6405,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2004/2834/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"500000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8488","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evarts, Russell C. revarts@usgs.gov","contributorId":1974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evarts","given":"Russell","email":"revarts@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":69778,"text":"sim2835 - 2004 - Geologic map of the Peach Orchard Flat quadrangle, Carbon County, Wyoming, and descriptions of new stratigraphic units in the Upper Cretaceous Lance Formation and Paleocene Fort Union Formation, eastern Greater Green River Basin, Wyoming-Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-08T21:05:03.502954","indexId":"sim2835","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2835","title":"Geologic map of the Peach Orchard Flat quadrangle, Carbon County, Wyoming, and descriptions of new stratigraphic units in the Upper Cretaceous Lance Formation and Paleocene Fort Union Formation, eastern Greater Green River Basin, Wyoming-Colorado","docAbstract":"This report provides a geologic map of the Peach Orchard Flat 7.5-minute quadrangle, located along the eastern flank of the Washakie Basin, Wyo. Geologic formations and individual coal beds were mapped at a scale of 1:24,000; surface stratigraphic sections were measured and described; and well logs were examined to determine coal correlations and thicknesses in the subsurface. In addition, four lithostratigraphic units were named: the Red Rim Member of the Upper Cretaceous Lance Formation, and the China Butte, Blue Gap, and Overland Members of the Paleocene Fort Union Formation.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sim2835","usgsCitation":"Honey, J.D., and Hettinger, R.D., 2004, Geologic map of the Peach Orchard Flat quadrangle, Carbon County, Wyoming, and descriptions of new stratigraphic units in the Upper Cretaceous Lance Formation and Paleocene Fort Union Formation, eastern Greater Green River Basin, Wyoming-Colorado (Version 1.1): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2835, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2835.","productDescription":"9 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":188276,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6410,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2004/2835/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":110501,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68345.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"68345"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","county":"Carbon County","otherGeospatial":"Peach Orchard Flat quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.75,\n 41.125\n ],\n [\n -107.75,\n 41.25\n ],\n [\n -107.625,\n 41.25\n ],\n [\n -107.625,\n 41.125\n ],\n [\n -107.75,\n 41.125\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af4e4b07f02db6920a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Honey, J. D.","contributorId":82578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Honey","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hettinger, R. D.","contributorId":92283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hettinger","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":69781,"text":"sim2838 - 2004 - Surficial geologic map of the Northwest Memphis quadrangle, Shelby County, Tennessee, and Crittenden County, Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:24","indexId":"sim2838","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2838","title":"Surficial geologic map of the Northwest Memphis quadrangle, Shelby County, Tennessee, and Crittenden County, Arkansas","docAbstract":" The depiction of geology on this map is designed to aid in urban planning and analysis of potential damage in the event of strong earthquake motion. The geologic map by itself does not analyze potential earthquake damage, but is designed to be used by seismologists who perform such analyses. The nature of geologic materials to a degree determines the severity of damage to infrastructure sustained during a strong earthquake.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sim2838","usgsCitation":"Broughton, J., and Arsdale, R.V., 2004, Surficial geologic map of the Northwest Memphis quadrangle, Shelby County, Tennessee, and Crittenden County, Arkansas (Version 1.0 ): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2838, map, 29 by 34 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2838.","productDescription":"map, 29 by 34 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110500,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68344.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"68344"},{"id":188364,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6412,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2004/2838/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -90.11749999999999,35.1175 ], [ -90.11749999999999,35.25 ], [ -90,35.25 ], [ -90,35.1175 ], [ -90.11749999999999,35.1175 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0 ","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688e1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Broughton, Jason","contributorId":67597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Broughton","given":"Jason","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arsdale, Roy Van","contributorId":83612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arsdale","given":"Roy","email":"","middleInitial":"Van","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":69789,"text":"i2655 - 2004 - Geologic map of the Kanab 30' x 60' quadrangle, Utah and Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:24","indexId":"i2655","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2655","title":"Geologic map of the Kanab 30' x 60' quadrangle, Utah and Arizona","docAbstract":"The 1:100,000-scale geologic map of the sparsely populated Kanab 30' x 60' quadrangle in southernmost Utah and a narrow strip in northernmost Arizona delineates 17 formations and numerous subdivisions of sedimentary rock units of Permian, Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous, and Tertiary ages; 12 Quaternary alluvial, eolian, and mass-wasting units; and Quaternary basaltic igneous rocks and vents.Units within the Straight Cliffs Formation are correlated with those of the Kaiparowits Plateau. Palynological edidence indicates that the Kaiparowits(?) Formation is older than the type formation in the Kaiparowits Plateau. Structures include parts of the Sevier, Kanab Creek, Johnson Canyon, and Paunsaugunt fault zones. Regional dip is generally northeast at very low angles. Coal beds are presentin the upper unit of the Straight Cliffs Formation, in the Tropic Shale, and in the Dakota Formation.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/i2655","usgsCitation":"Sable, E., and Hereford, R., 2004, Geologic map of the Kanab 30' x 60' quadrangle, Utah and Arizona (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2655, map, 59 by 44 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/i2655.","productDescription":"map, 59 by 44 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110513,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68831.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"68831"},{"id":188365,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6413,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2655/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"1","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113,37 ], [ -113,37.5 ], [ -112,37.5 ], [ -112,37 ], [ -113,37 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af4e4b07f02db6920cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sable, E.G.","contributorId":67076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sable","given":"E.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hereford, Richard 0000-0002-0892-7367 rhereford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0892-7367","contributorId":3620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hereford","given":"Richard","email":"rhereford@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":57783,"text":"ofr03499 - 2004 - Assessment of water chemistry, habitat, and benthic macroinvertebrates at selected stream-quality monitoring sites in Chester County, Pennsylvania, 1998-2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-14T14:31:00.738511","indexId":"ofr03499","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-499","title":"Assessment of water chemistry, habitat, and benthic macroinvertebrates at selected stream-quality monitoring sites in Chester County, Pennsylvania, 1998-2000","docAbstract":"Biological, chemical, and habitat data have been collected from a network of sites in Chester County, Pa., from 1970 to 2003 to assess stream quality. Forty sites in 6 major stream basins were sampled between 1998 and 2000. Biological data were used to determine levels of impairment in the benthic-macroinvertebrate community in Chester County streams and relate the impairment, in conjunction with chemical and habitat data, to overall stream quality. Biological data consisted of benthic-macroinvertebrate samples that were collected annually in the fall. Water-chemistry samples were collected and instream habitat was assessed in support of the biological sampling.
Most sites in the network were designated as nonimpacted or slightly impacted by human activities or extreme climatic conditions on the basis of biological-metric analysis of benthic-macroinvertebrate data. Impacted sites were affected by factors, such as nutrient enrichment, erosion and sedimentation, point discharges, and droughts and floods. Streams in the Schuylkill River, Delaware River, and East Branch Brandywine Creek Basins in Chester County generally had low nutrient concentrations, except in areas affected by wastewater-treatment discharges, and stream habitat that was affected by erosion. Streams in the West Branch Brandywine, Christina, Big Elk, and Octoraro Creek Basins in Chester County generally had elevated nutrient concentrations and streambottom habitat that was affected by sediment deposition.
Macroinvertebrate communities identified in samples from French Creek, Pigeon Creek (Schuylkill River Basin), and East Branch Brandywine Creek at Glenmoore consistently indicate good stream conditions and were the best conditions measured in the network. Macroinvertebrate communities identified in samples from Trout Creek (site 61), West Branch Red Clay Creek (site 55) (Christina River Basin), and Valley Creek near Atglen (site 34) (Octoraro Creek Basin) indicated fair to poor stream conditions and were the worst conditions measured in the network. Trout Creek is heavily impacted due to erosion, and Valley Creek near Atglen and West Branch Red Clay Creek are influenced by wastewater discharges. Hydrologic conditions in 1999, including a prolonged drought and a flood, influenced chemical concentrations and macroinvertebrate community structure throughout the county. Concentrations of nutrients and ions were lower in 1999 when compared to 1998 and 2000 concentrations. Macroinvertebrate communities identified in samples from 1999 contained lower numbers of individuals when compared to 1998 and 2000 but had similar community structure. Results from chemical and biological sampling in 2000 indicated that the benthic-macroinvertebrate community structure and the concentrations of nutrients and ions recovered to pre-1999 levels.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr03499","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Chester County Water Resources Authority","usgsCitation":"Reif, A.G., 2004, Assessment of water chemistry, habitat, and benthic macroinvertebrates at selected stream-quality monitoring sites in Chester County, Pennsylvania, 1998-2000: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-499, vii, 84 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03499.","productDescription":"vii, 84 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":5741,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0499/ofr20030499.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.29 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2003-0499"},{"id":182238,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0499/coverthb3.jpg"}],"scale":"48","country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Chester County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-75.6968,40.2417],[-75.6912,40.2388],[-75.6894,40.2378],[-75.6864,40.2387],[-75.6784,40.2436],[-75.6741,40.2458],[-75.6705,40.2466],[-75.6645,40.2461],[-75.6549,40.2428],[-75.6478,40.2404],[-75.6406,40.2371],[-75.6304,40.2347],[-75.6209,40.2305],[-75.6186,40.2277],[-75.6151,40.2245],[-75.6114,40.2244],[-75.6078,40.2258],[-75.6047,40.2275],[-75.6059,40.2294],[-75.6076,40.2326],[-75.6088,40.2348],[-75.6081,40.2366],[-75.605,40.2389],[-75.6014,40.2379],[-75.5997,40.2365],[-75.5973,40.2347],[-75.591,40.2214],[-75.5835,40.21],[-75.5801,40.2045],[-75.5796,40.2004],[-75.5766,40.1981],[-75.5724,40.1967],[-75.5694,40.1966],[-75.5676,40.1975],[-75.5645,40.2006],[-75.5644,40.2029],[-75.5655,40.207],[-75.5661,40.2093],[-75.5636,40.2101],[-75.5606,40.2096],[-75.5589,40.2073],[-75.5554,40.2023],[-75.5503,40.19],[-75.544,40.1794],[-75.5387,40.1739],[-75.527,40.1664],[-75.5275,40.1492],[-75.5239,40.1468],[-75.5184,40.1475],[-75.5127,40.1595],[-75.503,40.1593],[-75.5,40.1563],[-75.5036,40.1506],[-75.5107,40.1422],[-75.5088,40.1347],[-75.4905,40.1253],[-75.4729,40.1287],[-75.4611,40.1241],[-75.4627,40.119],[-75.4691,40.1169],[-75.4719,40.1116],[-75.4693,40.1066],[-75.4618,40.1027],[-75.4633,40.0971],[-75.4563,40.0945],[-75.4558,40.0876],[-75.4401,40.0941],[-75.4369,40.0899],[-75.42,40.0966],[-75.3927,40.0604],[-75.3669,40.0723],[-75.361,40.0668],[-75.3702,40.062],[-75.3732,40.0602],[-75.3811,40.0572],[-75.4012,40.0475],[-75.4025,40.0471],[-75.4086,40.0436],[-75.4128,40.0418],[-75.4106,40.0373],[-75.4076,40.0336],[-75.406,40.0295],[-75.4139,40.0242],[-75.4207,40.0202],[-75.4311,40.0118],[-75.4508,39.9958],[-75.452,39.9949],[-75.4532,39.994],[-75.4521,39.9926],[-75.4455,39.9925],[-75.4437,39.9925],[-75.4412,39.9933],[-75.4401,39.9915],[-75.4372,39.9865],[-75.4385,39.9842],[-75.4398,39.9811],[-75.4399,39.9793],[-75.4423,39.9788],[-75.4446,39.9807],[-75.4726,39.968],[-75.4993,39.9557],[-75.5024,39.9544],[-75.5079,39.9518],[-75.5152,39.9483],[-75.5224,39.9452],[-75.5243,39.9443],[-75.5202,39.9397],[-75.5191,39.9374],[-75.5306,39.9322],[-75.526,39.9239],[-75.5315,39.9218],[-75.5366,39.9305],[-75.5427,39.9274],[-75.5398,39.9242],[-75.5447,39.922],[-75.5424,39.9183],[-75.5502,39.9152],[-75.5468,39.9093],[-75.5553,39.9058],[-75.5576,39.9086],[-75.5601,39.9072],[-75.5583,39.904],[-75.562,39.9023],[-75.5711,39.897],[-75.573,39.8943],[-75.5714,39.8879],[-75.5799,39.8835],[-75.5822,39.8854],[-75.5834,39.8849],[-75.5852,39.8863],[-75.5888,39.8846],[-75.5842,39.8804],[-75.5981,39.8747],[-75.5952,39.8724],[-75.5934,39.8697],[-75.5935,39.8683],[-75.5959,39.8652],[-75.599,39.862],[-75.6003,39.8602],[-75.6015,39.858],[-75.601,39.8562],[-75.5975,39.8539],[-75.5939,39.8515],[-75.5946,39.8488],[-75.5965,39.8457],[-75.5978,39.8416],[-75.5973,39.8379],[-75.6146,39.835],[-75.6308,39.8314],[-75.6464,39.827],[-75.647,39.8268],[-75.6661,39.82],[-75.6775,39.8156],[-75.6928,39.8074],[-75.7056,39.7991],[-75.7177,39.7912],[-75.724,39.7866],[-75.7268,39.7845],[-75.7378,39.775],[-75.7476,39.7653],[-75.7551,39.756],[-75.7611,39.7478],[-75.7662,39.7393],[-75.77,39.731],[-75.7723,39.7231],[-75.7875,39.7231],[-76.0148,39.7228],[-76.1392,39.7223],[-76.1373,39.7262],[-76.1337,39.728],[-76.1307,39.728],[-76.1266,39.7265],[-76.1236,39.7242],[-76.1188,39.726],[-76.1187,39.7301],[-76.1205,39.7333],[-76.1198,39.7364],[-76.1144,39.7368],[-76.1115,39.735],[-76.1121,39.7318],[-76.1134,39.7287],[-76.1104,39.7268],[-76.1051,39.7254],[-76.0996,39.7285],[-76.0965,39.7326],[-76.0959,39.7362],[-76.0988,39.738],[-76.1018,39.7399],[-76.1018,39.7421],[-76.1011,39.7449],[-76.0957,39.7448],[-76.0909,39.7452],[-76.0873,39.7474],[-76.0842,39.7537],[-76.0841,39.7592],[-76.0804,39.7609],[-76.0678,39.7626],[-76.066,39.7644],[-76.0654,39.7671],[-76.0659,39.7708],[-76.0628,39.7734],[-76.0616,39.7752],[-76.0615,39.7789],[-76.0567,39.7802],[-76.0537,39.7819],[-76.0506,39.7846],[-76.0481,39.79],[-76.0444,39.7963],[-76.0377,39.8026],[-76.0352,39.808],[-76.0303,39.813],[-76.0308,39.8175],[-76.032,39.8207],[-76.0265,39.8247],[-76.0253,39.826],[-76.0252,39.8301],[-76.0234,39.831],[-76.0191,39.8319],[-76.0191,39.8337],[-76.0202,39.8378],[-76.023,39.8464],[-76.0217,39.8518],[-76.0211,39.8537],[-76.0181,39.8545],[-76.0163,39.854],[-76.0127,39.8531],[-76.0103,39.8531],[-76.0091,39.8544],[-76.007,39.8666],[-76.0051,39.8712],[-76.0039,39.873],[-76.0015,39.8738],[-75.9991,39.8734],[-75.9974,39.8715],[-75.9956,39.8701],[-75.9932,39.8697],[-75.9926,39.8706],[-75.9908,39.8719],[-75.9877,39.8732],[-75.9871,39.8746],[-75.9877,39.8768],[-75.9912,39.8801],[-75.9905,39.8828],[-75.9899,39.8868],[-75.9879,39.8927],[-75.9885,39.895],[-75.9902,39.8977],[-75.9943,39.901],[-75.9961,39.9028],[-75.9957,39.9236],[-75.9962,39.9259],[-75.998,39.9273],[-75.9968,39.9282],[-75.9938,39.9277],[-75.9926,39.9268],[-75.9914,39.9272],[-75.9902,39.9286],[-75.9859,39.9308],[-75.9841,39.9308],[-75.9823,39.9307],[-75.9811,39.9316],[-75.9805,39.9334],[-75.9822,39.9362],[-75.9875,39.9399],[-75.9915,39.9481],[-75.9921,39.9513],[-75.992,39.9544],[-75.9901,39.958],[-75.9889,39.9607],[-75.987,39.9634],[-75.9869,39.9675],[-75.9722,39.9855],[-75.964,40.0008],[-75.9628,40.0026],[-75.956,40.0125],[-75.9504,40.0197],[-75.935,40.0394],[-75.9354,40.0471],[-75.9361,40.0689],[-75.9365,40.0807],[-75.9403,40.0989],[-75.9413,40.1066],[-75.9412,40.1093],[-75.9315,40.1138],[-75.9139,40.1212],[-75.9018,40.1261],[-75.8757,40.1371],[-75.8604,40.1464],[-75.8494,40.154],[-75.7773,40.1997],[-75.7724,40.2028],[-75.7602,40.2085],[-75.7322,40.2231],[-75.6986,40.2408],[-75.6968,40.2417]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Chester\",\"state\":\"PA\"}}]}","contact":"Director, Pennsylvania Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
215 Limekiln Road
New Cumberland, PA 17070
This report presents the petroleum accumulation size-frequency relationships of selected mature plays assessed in the U.S. Geological Survey's 1995 National Assessment of Oil and Gas Resources. The plays provide assessors with potential analogue models from which to estimate the numbers of undiscovered accumulations in medium and smaller size categories. Each play selected was required to have at least 50 discovered accumulations. Discovered accumulations plus the mean number of undiscovered accumulations equals the total accumulations assessed at the play level. There were 36 plays that met the criteria for oil accumulations and 25 plays that met the criteria for gas accumulations. Other properties of the plays such as primary trap type, lithology, depth, and hydrocarbon characteristics are also provided to assist the geologist in choosing an appropriate analogue. The text explains how the analogue size-frequency relationships can be used to estimate the number of small and medium size accumulations for frontier-area plays or partially explored plays in high cost areas. Although this document has been written in support of the Alaska North Slope Assessment, the basic size?frequency relationships provided are applicable elsewhere.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041299","usgsCitation":"Attanasi, E.D., and Freeman, P., 2004, Size-frequency analysis of petroleum accumulations in selected United States plays: potential analogues for frontier areas (Version 1.0, Online only): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1299, 163 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041299.","productDescription":"163 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":184708,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5788,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1299/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0, Online only","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db6988ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Attanasi, Emil D. 0000-0001-6845-7160 attanasi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6845-7160","contributorId":193092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Attanasi","given":"Emil","email":"attanasi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":257858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Freeman, Philip A. 0000-0002-0863-7431 pfreeman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0863-7431","contributorId":193093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"Philip A.","email":"pfreeman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":257859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":57808,"text":"ofr20041290 - 2004 - Mineral commodity profiles: nitrogen","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:21","indexId":"ofr20041290","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1290","title":"Mineral commodity profiles: nitrogen","docAbstract":"Overview -- Nitrogen (N) is an essential element of life and a part of all animal and plant proteins. As a part of the DNA and RNA molecules, nitrogen is an essential constituent of each individual's genetic blueprint. As an essential element in the chlorophyll molecule, nitrogen is vital to a plant's ability to photosynthesize. Some crop plants, such as alfalfa, peas, peanuts, and soybeans, can convert atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form by a process referred to as 'fixation.' Most of the nitrogen that is available for crop production, however, comes from decomposing animal and plant waste or from commercially produced fertilizers. \r\n\r\nCommercial fertilizers contain nitrogen in the form of ammonium and/or nitrate or in a form that is quickly converted to the ammonium or nitrate form once the fertilizer is applied to the soil. Ammonia is generally the source of nitrogen in fertilizers. Anhydrous ammonia is commercially produced by reacting nitrogen with hydrogen under high temperatures and pressures. The source of nitrogen is the atmosphere, which is almost 80 percent nitrogen. Hydrogen is derived from a variety of raw materials, which include water, and crude oil, coal, and natural gas hydrocarbons. Nitrogen-based fertilizers are produced from ammonia feedstocks through a variety of chemical processes. Small quantities of nitrates are produced from mineral resources principally in Chile. \r\n\r\nIn 2002, anhydrous ammonia and other nitrogen materials were produced in more than 70 countries. Global ammonia production was 108 million metric tons (Mt) of contained nitrogen. With 28 percent of this total, China was the largest producer of ammonia. Asia contributed 46 percent of total world ammonia production, and countries of the former U.S.S.R. represented 13 percent. North America also produced 13 percent of the total; Western Europe, 9 percent; the Middle East, 7 percent; Central America and South America, 5 percent; Eastern Europe, 3 percent; and Africa and Oceania contributed the remaining 4 percent (International Fertilizer Industry Association, 2003b, p. 1-4). \r\n\r\nIn 2002, world ammonia exports were 13.1 Mt of contained nitrogen. Trinidad and Tobago (22 percent), Russia (18 percent), Ukraine (10 percent), and Indonesia (7 percent) accounted for 57 percent of the world total. The largest importing regions were North America with 36 percent of the total followed by Western Europe with 23 percent and Asia with 22 percent (International Fertilizer Industry Association, 2003b, p. 5L-11). \r\n\r\nIn 2002, world urea production was 51.4 Mt of contained nitrogen, and exports were 12.0 Mt of contained nitrogen. China and India, which were the two largest producing countries, accounted for 48 percent of world production. The United States and Canada produced about 10 percent of the total. Russia and Ukraine together accounted for 28 percent of total urea exports; Central America and South America, 27 percent; and Asia, North America, and Western Europe, 10 percent each. North America accounted for 36 percent of the total urea imports; Western Europe, 23 percent; and Asia, 22 percent (International Fertilizer Industry Association, 2003f, p. 1-15). \r\n\r\nAmmonia production capacity in North America and Western Europe is projected to decline through 2004, and capacity in other world regions is projected to increase. Fluctuating natural gas prices are mainly responsible for the capacity decline in North America. Ammonia production capacity is continuing to shift to world regions that have abundant sources of natural gas, and away from those where costs (raw material, labor, environmental compliance) are higher.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041290","usgsCitation":"Kramer, D.A., 2004, Mineral commodity profiles: nitrogen (Version 1.0, Online Only): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1290, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041290.","productDescription":"49 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":184933,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5768,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1290/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0, Online Only","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db6358a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kramer, Deborah A.","contributorId":69966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kramer","given":"Deborah","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":57781,"text":"fs20043065 - 2004 - Ground-water quality of alluvial and sedimentary-rock aquifers in the vicinity of Fairplay and Alma, Park County, Colorado, September-October 2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-13T20:20:21.597752","indexId":"fs20043065","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-3065","title":"Ground-water quality of alluvial and sedimentary-rock aquifers in the vicinity of Fairplay and Alma, Park County, Colorado, September-October 2002","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20043065","usgsCitation":"Ortiz, R.F., 2004, Ground-water quality of alluvial and sedimentary-rock aquifers in the vicinity of Fairplay and Alma, Park County, Colorado, September-October 2002: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2004-3065, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20043065.","productDescription":"6 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":120575,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2004_3065.bmp"},{"id":5739,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/fs2004-3065/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":414043,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_70986.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Park County","city":"Alma, Fairplay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.1167,\n 39.35\n ],\n [\n -106.1167,\n 39.1167\n ],\n [\n -105.9667,\n 39.1167\n ],\n [\n -105.9667,\n 39.35\n ],\n [\n -106.1167,\n 39.35\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db697532","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ortiz, Roderick F. rfortiz@usgs.gov","contributorId":1126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ortiz","given":"Roderick","email":"rfortiz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":257773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":57782,"text":"fs20043051 - 2004 - Ground-water age and flow at the Great Sand Dunes National Monument, south-central Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-09T15:48:07","indexId":"fs20043051","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-3051","displayTitle":"Ground-Water Age and Flow at Great Sand Dunes National Monument, South-Central Colorado","title":"Ground-water age and flow at the Great Sand Dunes National Monument, south-central Colorado","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20043051","usgsCitation":"Rupert, M.G., and Plummer, N., 2004, Ground-water age and flow at the Great Sand Dunes National Monument, south-central Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2004-3051, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20043051.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122804,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2004_3051.bmp"},{"id":5740,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/fs20043051/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"48","country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Great Sand Dunes National Monument","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.84228515625,\n 37.622933594900864\n ],\n [\n -105.44128417968749,\n 37.622933594900864\n ],\n [\n -105.44128417968749,\n 37.93986540897977\n ],\n [\n -105.84228515625,\n 37.93986540897977\n ],\n [\n -105.84228515625,\n 37.622933594900864\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d747","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rupert, Michael G. mgrupert@usgs.gov","contributorId":1194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rupert","given":"Michael","email":"mgrupert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":257774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plummer, Niel 0000-0002-4020-1013 nplummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-1013","contributorId":190100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plummer","given":"Niel","email":"nplummer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":257775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":55668,"text":"wri034324 - 2004 - Characterization of channel substrate, and changes in suspended-sediment transport and channel geometry in white sturgeon spawning habitat in the Kootenai River near Bonners Ferry, Idaho, following the closure of Libby Dam","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-09T14:09:11","indexId":"wri034324","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4324","title":"Characterization of channel substrate, and changes in suspended-sediment transport and channel geometry in white sturgeon spawning habitat in the Kootenai River near Bonners Ferry, Idaho, following the closure of Libby Dam","docAbstract":"Many local, State, and Federal agencies have concerns over the declining population of white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) in the Kootenai River and the possible effects of the closure and subsequent operation of Libby Dam in 1972. In 1994, the Kootenai River white sturgeon was listed as an Endangered Species. A year-long field study was conducted in cooperation with the Kootenai Tribe of Idaho along a 21.7-kilometer reach of the Kootenai River including the white sturgeon spawning reach near Bonners Ferry, Idaho, approximately 111 to 129 kilometers below Libby Dam. During the field study, data were collected in order to map the channel substrate in the white sturgeon spawning reach. These data include seismic subbottom profiles at 18 cross sections of the river and sediment cores taken at or near the seismic cross sections. The effect that Libby Dam has on the Kootenai River white sturgeon spawning substrate was analyzed in terms of changes in suspended-sediment transport, aggradation and degradation of channel bed, and changes in the particle size of bed material with depth below the riverbed.\n\nThe annual suspended-sediment load leaving the Kootenai River white sturgeon spawning reach decreased dramatically after the closure of Libby Dam in 1972: mean annual pre-Libby Dam load during 1966–71 was 1,743,900 metric tons, and the dam-era load during 1973–83 was 287,500 metric tons. The amount of sand-size particles in three suspended-sediment samples collected at Copeland, Idaho, 159 kilometers below Libby Dam, during spring and early summer high flows after the closure of Libby Dam is less than in four samples collected during the pre-Libby Dam era. The supply of sand to the spawning reach is currently less due to the reduction of high flows and a loss of 70 percent of the basin after the closure of Libby Dam. The river's reduced capacity to transport sand out of the spawning reach is compensated to an unknown extent by a reduced load of sand entering the spawning reach.\n\nSince the closure of Libby Dam, the most notable change in channel geometry at the Copeland streamflow gaging station was the initiation of cyclical aggradation and degradation of the riverbed in the center of the channel. The aggradation and degradation of the riverbed are reflected in a twofold increase, from 1.3 to 2.5 meters, in the fluctuation of the minimum riverbed elevation, which suggests that during the Libby Dam era, parts of the riverbed in the spawning reach may have aggraded or degraded by as much as 2.5 meters. \n\nBefore the closure of Libby Dam, there was a greater propensity for aggradation and degradation of sand over the discontinuous gravel and cobble layers in the buried gravelcobble reach at Bonners Ferry. The gravel and cobble in this reach, 111.3 to 115.9 kilometers below Libby Dam, are buried by sand. Unregulated spring snowmelt-runoff flows flushed part of the sand layer and exposed some of the buried gravel-cobble layer because streamflow velocities were higher at that time. Unregulated autumn-winter base flows gradually deposited silt and sand and reestablished a sand layer, burying the gravel-cobble layer. This cyclical process of aggradation and degradation of the riverbed sediment is reflected in the alternating gravel-cobble layers and sand layers found in sediment core K18-TH taken as part of this project.\n\nWhite sturgeon spawning substrate in the Kootenai River meander reach is currently composed of alluvial sand that forms sand dunes and of minor amounts of lacustrine clay and silt that generally are found in the river's thalweg. The present substrate composition in the meander reach is considered similar to that which existed prior to closure of Libby Dam, with one possible exception. Prior to closure of Libby Dam, minor amounts of gravel and cobble may have been exposed on the riverbed in the spawning reach just below the mouth of Myrtle Creek 230 kilometers below Libby Dam. The substrate composition near Shorty Island, 234 kilometers below Libby Dam, a notable white sturgeon spawning reach, is predominantly sand and is similar to that which existed prior to closure of Libby Dam.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri034324","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Kootenai Tribe of Idaho","usgsCitation":"Barton, G., 2004, Characterization of channel substrate, and changes in suspended-sediment transport and channel geometry in white sturgeon spawning habitat in the Kootenai River near Bonners Ferry, Idaho, following the closure of Libby Dam: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4324, vi, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034324.","productDescription":"vi, 24 p.","numberOfPages":"33","temporalStart":"2000-01-01","temporalEnd":"2001-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":262390,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4324/report.pdf"},{"id":262391,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4324/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States;Canada","state":"Idaho;Montana","city":"Bonners Ferry","otherGeospatial":"British Columbia","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.9864,46.9746 ], [ -117.9864,50.0 ], [ -113.9871,50.0 ], [ -113.9871,46.9746 ], [ -117.9864,46.9746 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4e8a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barton, Gary J. gbarton@usgs.gov","contributorId":1147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barton","given":"Gary J.","email":"gbarton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":253948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":57729,"text":"ofr20041304 - 2004 - Preliminary report on using imaging spectroscopy to map ultramafic rocks, serpentinites, and tremolite-actinolite-bearing rocks in California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-06T16:07:28.121949","indexId":"ofr20041304","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1304","title":"Preliminary report on using imaging spectroscopy to map ultramafic rocks, serpentinites, and tremolite-actinolite-bearing rocks in California","docAbstract":"Airborne Visible/InfraRed Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) data were collected in approximately 3- kilometer-wide swaths over selected areas in El Dorado and Plumas Counties that contain serpentinite and ultramafic rocks as part of an experiment to determine if potentially asbestos-bearing rocks could be identified spectrally. M ineral maps created from the AVIRIS data were used successfully to delineate exposures of serpentine and tremolite-actinolite/talc in areas with up to 70 percent vegetation cover in some cases. In other cases, the density of vegetation is so high that it prevented spectral identification by AVIRIS of minerals in those areas, thus there may be more serpentine and tremolite-actinolite/talc present than is shown on the mineral maps. It also is important to note that not all tremolite-actinolite is fibrous, and just because tremolite-actinolite was mapped, does not necessarily mean it is tremolite- or actinolite-asbestos. Finally, it is difficult to spectrally distinguish tremolite-actinolite from talc using AVIRIS. Serpentine has been detected outside of known serpentinite outcrop areas, mostly as aggregate that covers dirt roads. Four flight lines of AVIRIS data were analyzed over areas selected to show trends in degree of surface exposure as a function of elevation and vegetation cover. Field checking has verified the accuracy of the mineral maps at 25 accessible locations. Eleven additional flight lines remain to be analyzed and field checked pending future funding. AVIRIS mineral mapping has shown promise as a complement to field mapping but cannot replace it. Because AVIRIS is a remote-sensing technology, the presence of serpentine or tremolite-actinolite would have to be verified in the field by direct observation and by appropriate sampling and laboratory analysis, if needed. At this time, no conclusions regarding the presence or absence of asbestos minerals in the identified areas are possible from the AVIRIS data alone. Identification of asbestos minerals in the identified areas would require appropriate sampling and laboratory analysis of the materials in those areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041304","usgsCitation":"Swayze, G.A., Higgins, C.T., Clinkenbeard, J.P., Kokaly, R., Clark, R.N., Meeker, G.P., and Sutley, S.J., 2004, Preliminary report on using imaging spectroscopy to map ultramafic rocks, serpentinites, and tremolite-actinolite-bearing rocks in California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1304, iii, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041304.","productDescription":"iii, 20 p.","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":184444,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":110506,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68615.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"68615"},{"id":5980,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1304/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":380265,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1304/OF-2004-1304_508.pdf","size":"24.4 MB"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"El Dorado County, Plumas County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.3714599609375,\n 39.23650795487107\n ],\n [\n -120.003662109375,\n 39.23650795487107\n ],\n [\n -120.003662109375,\n 40.136890695345905\n ],\n [\n -121.3714599609375,\n 40.136890695345905\n ],\n [\n -121.3714599609375,\n 39.23650795487107\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.3714599609375,\n 38.44498466889473\n ],\n [\n -119.893798828125,\n 38.44498466889473\n ],\n [\n -119.893798828125,\n 39.23650795487107\n ],\n [\n -121.3714599609375,\n 39.23650795487107\n ],\n [\n -121.3714599609375,\n 38.44498466889473\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af4e4b07f02db691db8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swayze, Gregg A. 0000-0002-1814-7823 gswayze@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1814-7823","contributorId":518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swayze","given":"Gregg","email":"gswayze@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":257653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Higgins, Chris T.","contributorId":64942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higgins","given":"Chris","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clinkenbeard, John P.","contributorId":33036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clinkenbeard","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kokaly, Raymond F. 0000-0003-0276-7101","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0276-7101","contributorId":81442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kokaly","given":"Raymond F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Clark, Roger N. 0000-0002-7021-1220 rclark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7021-1220","contributorId":515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Roger","email":"rclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":257652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Meeker, Gregory P.","contributorId":62974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meeker","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sutley, Stephen J.","contributorId":60296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutley","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":57754,"text":"fs20043072 - 2004 - Landslide types and processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:33","indexId":"fs20043072","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-3072","title":"Landslide types and processes","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs20043072","usgsCitation":"Highland, L., 2004, Landslide types and processes (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2004-3072, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20043072.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":120707,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2004_3072.jpg"},{"id":5997,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2004/3072/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ee4b07f02db6a9f27","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Highland, Lynn (compiler)","contributorId":12564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Highland","given":"Lynn","suffix":"(compiler)","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":57779,"text":"fs20043057 - 2004 - Natural remediation of arsenic contaminated ground water associated with landfill leachate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-09T15:32:56","indexId":"fs20043057","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-3057","title":"Natural remediation of arsenic contaminated ground water associated with landfill leachate","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20043057","usgsCitation":"Stollenwerk, K.G., and Colman, J.A., 2004, Natural remediation of arsenic contaminated ground water associated with landfill leachate: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2004-3057, HTML, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20043057.","productDescription":"HTML","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":5737,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/fs2004-3057/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":120572,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2004_3057.bmp"}],"scale":"48","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db698107","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stollenwerk, Kenneth G. kgstolle@usgs.gov","contributorId":578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stollenwerk","given":"Kenneth","email":"kgstolle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":257770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Colman, John A. 0000-0001-9327-0779 jacolman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9327-0779","contributorId":2098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colman","given":"John","email":"jacolman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":257771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70156729,"text":"70156729 - 2004 - An evaluation of gap-filled Landsat SLC-off imagery for wildland fire burn severity mapping","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-27T09:45:34","indexId":"70156729","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An evaluation of gap-filled Landsat SLC-off imagery for wildland fire burn severity mapping","docAbstract":"n May 31, 2003 unusual artifacts appeared within image data collected by the Enhanced Thematic Mapper plus (ETM+) instrument on-board the Landsat 7 spacecraft. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), with the support of NASA, has been working to find a means of compensating for the data gaps that result from a failure of the instrument’s scan line corrector (SLC). The SLC is an electromechanical device that compensates for the forward motion of the spacecraft by modifying the instrument’s optical path. The problem is likely due to a mechanical failure of the device for which there is no redundancy and that cannot be repaired or coaxed back into service. Further information regarding Landsat 7 and the SLC failure can be found at the Landsat Project home page (http://landsat7.usgs.gov).
","language":"English","publisher":"ASPRS","usgsCitation":"Howard, S.M., and Lacasse, J.M., 2004, An evaluation of gap-filled Landsat SLC-off imagery for wildland fire burn severity mapping: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 70, no. 8, p. 877-880.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"877","endPage":"880","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307597,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55e034b1e4b0f42e3d040dec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Howard, Stephen M. 0000-0001-5255-5882 smhoward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5255-5882","contributorId":3483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Stephen","email":"smhoward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lacasse, James M. jmlacasse@usgs.gov","contributorId":5704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lacasse","given":"James","email":"jmlacasse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":570294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":69779,"text":"sim2836 - 2004 - Surficial geologic map of the Ellendale quadrangle, Shelby County, Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:24","indexId":"sim2836","displayToPublicDate":"2004-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2836","title":"Surficial geologic map of the Ellendale quadrangle, Shelby County, Tennessee","docAbstract":" The depiction of geology on this map is designed to aid in urban planning and analysis of potential damage in the event of strong earthquake motion. The geologic map by itself does not analyze potential earthquake damage, but is designed to be used by seismologists who perform such analyses. The nature of geologic materials to a degree determines the severity of damage to infrastructure sustained during a strong earthquake.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sim2836","usgsCitation":"Arsdale, R.V., 2004, Surficial geologic map of the Ellendale quadrangle, Shelby County, Tennessee (Version 1.0 ): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2836, map, 29 by 24 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2836.","productDescription":"map, 29 by 24 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110498,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68342.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"68342"},{"id":188363,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6411,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2004/2836/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -89.86749999999999,35.1175 ], [ -89.86749999999999,35.25 ], [ -89.75,35.25 ], [ -89.75,35.1175 ], [ -89.86749999999999,35.1175 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0 ","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b11e4b07f02db6a2449","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arsdale, Roy Van","contributorId":83612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arsdale","given":"Roy","email":"","middleInitial":"Van","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70201629,"text":"70201629 - 2004 - Topographic mapping of Mars: From hectometer to micrometer scales ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-25T09:39:55","indexId":"70201629","displayToPublicDate":"2004-07-31T19:18:04","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Topographic mapping of Mars: From hectometer to micrometer scales ","docAbstract":"We describe USGS topomapping of Mars at resolutions from 100 m to 30 µm with data from the latest spacecraft missions. Analysis of NASA 2001 Mars Odyssey Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) data combining daytime visible reflected, daytime IR emitted, and nighttime IR emitted images allows us to isolate the physical effects of topography, albedo, and thermal inertia. To a good approximation these physical influences interact linearly so that maps showing topographic shading, albedo, and relative thermal inertia can be produced by simple algebraic manipulation of the coregistered images. The shading map resembles an airbrush shaded relief portrayal of the surface, and can be used as the input for quantitative reconstruction of topography by photoclinometry (PC) at 100-m resolution over most of the planet.
The High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) of the ESA Mars Express orbiter includes a 9-line scanner for color and stereo imaging and a Super-Resolution Channel (SRC). We analyze these images with a combination of USGS ISIS cartographic software and commercial photogrammetric software, providing an independent check on the stereo processing pipeline developed by the HRSC team. In particular, we are producing very high resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) from the SRC images by photoclinometry and by stereoanalysis, using Mars Orbiter Camera images to complete the stereopair.
The NASA Mars Exploration Rovers (MER) carry a diverse set of cameras: two wide-angle hazard camera pairs, panoramic stereo imagers (Pancam and Navcam), and a Microscopic Imager (MI) that images a 3-cm-square area at 30 µm/pixel resolution. Our work emphasizes MI data and includes geometric calibration, bundle-adjustment, mosaicking, generation of DEMs by stereo analysis and focal sectioning, and combination of MI images with color data from Pancam. The software being developed to support these analyses can also be used to produce high-precision controlled mosaics, DEMs, and other products from the Pancam and Navcam images.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings, XXXV ISPRS Congress","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"XX ISPRS Congress","conferenceDate":"July 12-23, 2004","conferenceLocation":"Istanbul, Turkey","language":"English","publisher":"International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","usgsCitation":"Kirk, R.L., Squyres, S.W., Neukum, G., MER Athena Science Team, and MEX HRSC Science Team, 2004, Topographic mapping of Mars: From hectometer to micrometer scales , in Proceedings, XXXV ISPRS Congress, Istanbul, Turkey, July 12-23, 2004, p. 834-839.","productDescription":"6 p.; DVD-ROM","startPage":"834","endPage":"839","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":360539,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":360538,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.isprs.org/proceedings/XXXV/congress/comm4/comm4.aspx"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c1a1535e4b0708288c2354a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirk, Randolph L. 0000-0003-0842-9226 rkirk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-9226","contributorId":2765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Randolph","email":"rkirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Squyres, Steven W.","contributorId":10537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Squyres","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":754657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Neukum, Gerhard","contributorId":211350,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neukum","given":"Gerhard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":754658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"MER Athena Science Team","contributorId":211699,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"MER Athena Science Team","id":754659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"MEX HRSC Science Team","contributorId":211700,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"MEX HRSC Science Team","id":754660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70201627,"text":"70201627 - 2004 - A new Mars Digital Image Model (MDIM 2.1) control network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-18T19:07:14","indexId":"70201627","displayToPublicDate":"2004-07-31T19:00:19","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A new Mars Digital Image Model (MDIM 2.1) control network","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey has recently completed a final revised version of its 231 m/pixel global Viking image mosaic of Mars that has substantially improved geodetic accuracy compared to versions released in 1991 and 2001. This mosaic, known as MDIM 2.1, is currently available in the USGS ISIS file format (see http://astrogeology.usgs.gov/Projects/MDIM21/) and will be formatted and submitted to the NASA Planetary Data System (PDS) in the near future for archiving as a single ~5-MB DVD volume.
Positional control for MDIM 2.1 comes from a new geodetic/photogrammetric solution of the global Mars Mariner 9 and Viking image control network. The details of this network solution are described here. This network incorporates 1,054 Mariner 9 and 5,317 Viking Orbiter images. Accuracy of the new solution is improved primarily as the result of constraining all 37,652 control points to radii from Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) data and adding 1,232 \"ground control points\" whose horizontal coordinates are also constrained by MOLA. The MOLA data are believed to have an absolute accuracy on the order of 100 m horizontally. Additional improvements result from use of updated timing and orientation data for the Viking Orbiter images, improved reseau measurements and hence distortion correction of the images, and careful checking and remeasurement of control points with large residuals. The RMS error of the solution is 15.8 µm (~1.3 Viking pixels, ~280 m on the ground). The IAU/IAG 2000 coordinate system is used for the network and the mosaic.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1016/j.yqres.2004.04.003","usgsCitation":"Mayer, J.H., and Mahan, S.A., 2004, Reply to the letter to the editor from Huntley re Mayer and Mahan, 2004. Quaternary Research 61, 72–84: Quaternary Research, v. 62, no. 1, p. 111-112, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2004.04.003.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"111","endPage":"112","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374234,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mayer, J. H.","contributorId":59619,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mayer","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mahan, Shannon A. 0000-0001-5214-7774 smahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":147159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"Shannon","email":"smahan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":787825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70202348,"text":"70202348 - 2004 - A new Mars Digital Image Model (MDIM 2.1) control network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-25T08:31:41","indexId":"70202348","displayToPublicDate":"2004-07-25T08:30:47","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A new Mars Digital Image Model (MDIM 2.1) control network","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey has recently completed a final revised version of its 231 m/pixel global Viking image mosaic of Mars that has substantially improved geodetic accuracy compared to versions released in 1991 and 2001. This mosaic, known as MDIM 2.1, is currently available in the USGS ISIS file format and will be formatted and submitted to the NASA Planetary Data System (PDS) in the near future for archiving as a single ~5-MB DVD volume.
Positional control for MDIM 2.1 comes from a new geodetic/photogrammetric solution of the global Mars Mariner 9 and Viking image control network. The details of this network solution are described here. This network incorporates 1,054 Mariner 9 and 5,317 Viking Orbiter images. Accuracy of the new solution is improved primarily as the result of constraining all 37,652 control points to radii from Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) data and adding 1,232 \"ground control points\" whose horizontal coordinates are also constrained by MOLA. The MOLA data are believed to have an absolute accuracy on the order of 100 m horizontally. Additional improvements result from use of updated timing and orientation data for the Viking Orbiter images, improved reseau measurements and hence distortion correction of the images, and careful checking and remeasurement of control points with large residuals. The RMS error of the solution is 15.8 µm (~1.3 Viking pixels, ~280 m on the ground). The IAU/IAG 2000 coordinate system is used for the network and the mosaic.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"XXth ISPRS Congress Technical Commission IV","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"XXth ISPRS Congress Technical Commission IV","conferenceDate":"July 12-23, 2004","conferenceLocation":"Istanbul, Turkey","language":"English","publisher":"International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ISPRS)","usgsCitation":"Archinal, B.A., Lee, E., Kirk, R.L., Duxbury, T.C., Sucharski, R.M., Cook, D., and Barrett, J.M., 2004, A new Mars Digital Image Model (MDIM 2.1) control network, in XXth ISPRS Congress Technical Commission IV, v. 35, no. B4, Istanbul, Turkey, July 12-23, 2004, 6 p.","productDescription":"6 p.","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":361486,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":361485,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.isprs.org/proceedings/XXXV/congress/comm4/comm4.aspx"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"35","issue":"B4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Archinal, Brent A. 0000-0002-6654-0742 barchinal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6654-0742","contributorId":2816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Archinal","given":"Brent","email":"barchinal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, Ella M. elee@usgs.gov","contributorId":3557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Ella M.","email":"elee@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":757954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirk, Randolph L. 0000-0003-0842-9226 rkirk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-9226","contributorId":2765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Randolph","email":"rkirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Duxbury, T. C.","contributorId":91983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duxbury","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":36392,"text":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":757956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sucharski, Robert M. bsucharski@usgs.gov","contributorId":5051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sucharski","given":"Robert","email":"bsucharski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":757957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cook, Debbie 0000-0001-9973-9929","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9973-9929","contributorId":202343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"Debbie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Barrett, Janet M. jbarrett@usgs.gov","contributorId":5054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barrett","given":"Janet","email":"jbarrett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ]}