{"pageNumber":"2684","pageRowStart":"67075","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184606,"records":[{"id":56831,"text":"ofr20041003 - 2004 - Sidescan sonar imagery and surficial geologic interpretation of the sea floor off Branford, Connecticut","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-02T19:44:39.680836","indexId":"ofr20041003","displayToPublicDate":"2004-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1003","title":"Sidescan sonar imagery and surficial geologic interpretation of the sea floor off Branford, Connecticut","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection (CT DEP),  Figure 1 - Map of Study Areahas produced detailed geologic maps of the sea floor in Long Island Sound, a major East Coast estuary surrounded by the most densely populated region of the United States. These studies have built upon cooperative research between the USGS and the State of Connecticut that was initiated in 1982. The current phase of this research program is directed toward studies of sea-floor sediment distribution, processes that control sediment distribution, nearshore environmental concerns, and the relation of benthic community structures to the sea-floor geology.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Anthropogenic wastes, toxic chemicals, and changes in land-use patterns resulting from residential, commercial, and recreational development have stressed the environment of the Sound, causing degradation and potential loss of benthic habitats (Koppelman and others, 1976; Long Island Sound Study, 1994). Detailed maps of the sea floor are needed to help evaluate the extent of adverse impacts and to help wisely manage resources in the future. Therefore, in a continuing effort to better understand Long Island Sound, we are constructing and interpreting sidescan sonar mosaics (complete-coverage acoustic images of the sea floor) within specific areas of special interest (Poppe and Polloni, 1998). The mosaic presented herein, which was produced during survey H11043 by NOAA 's Atlantic Hydrographic Branch, covers approximately 41.1 km<sup>2</sup> of the sea floor in north-central Long Island Sound off Branford, Connecticut.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Shell bed provides shelter for juvenille skate.The mosaic and its interpretation serve many purposes, including: (1) defining the geological variability of the sea floor, which is one of the primary controls of benthic habitat diversity; (2) improving our understanding of the processes that control the distribution and transport of bottom sediments and the distribution of benthic habitats and associated infaunal community structures; and (3) providing a detailed framework for future research, monitoring, and management activities. The sidescan sonar mosaic also serves as a base map for subsequent sedimentological, geochemical, and biological observations, because precise information on environmental setting is important for selection of sampling sites and for appropriate interpretation of point measurements.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041003","usgsCitation":"Poppe, L., Paskevich, V., Moser, M.S., DiGiacomo-Cohen, M., and Christman, E.B., 2004, Sidescan sonar imagery and surficial geologic interpretation of the sea floor off Branford, Connecticut: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1003, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041003.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":391281,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68318.htm"},{"id":180735,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5679,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1003/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut","city":"Branford","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -72.8714,\n              41.1467\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.7767,\n              41.1467\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.7767,\n              41.2381\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.8714,\n              41.2381\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.8714,\n              41.1467\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fae4b07f02db5f3de9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poppe, L.J.","contributorId":72782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppe","given":"L.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":255822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paskevich, V.F.","contributorId":96285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paskevich","given":"V.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":255824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moser, M. S.","contributorId":98391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moser","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":255825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DiGiacomo-Cohen, M. L.","contributorId":55465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DiGiacomo-Cohen","given":"M. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":255821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Christman, E. B.","contributorId":81562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christman","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":255823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":54258,"text":"sir20045010 - 2004 - An Inventory of Aquatic Macroinvertebrates and Calculation of Selected Biotic Indices for the U.S. Army Atterbury Reserve Forces Training Area near Edinburgh, Indiana, September 2000 - August 2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-22T12:07:33","indexId":"sir20045010","displayToPublicDate":"2004-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5010","title":"An Inventory of Aquatic Macroinvertebrates and Calculation of Selected Biotic Indices for the U.S. Army Atterbury Reserve Forces Training Area near Edinburgh, Indiana, September 2000 - August 2002","docAbstract":"<p>An investigation was conducted to establish an inventory of aquatic macroinvertebrates in the streams at the U.S. Army Atterbury Reserve Forces Training Area near Edinburgh, Indiana. The data used to develop this inventory were collected during two sampling efforts in September 2000 and July and August 2002. The inventory identified 173 distinct taxa within the study-area streams. Although no rare or endangered species were found, one identified species, Cordulegaster maculata Selys (a twin-spotted spiketail dragonfly), is recognized by the Indiana Department of Natural Resources as being rare enough to warrant special concern.</p>\n<p>Biotic indices (indicators of water-quality conditions) were calculated from the macroinvertebrate data. Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera Richness Index values calculated for 23 samples collected from 16 sites ranged from 5 to 15, with more than 75 percent of the values falling within the range of 7 to 11. Hilsenhoff Biotic Index scores and Invertebrate Community Index scores calculated for samples collected at three sites indicate that water quality at these sites ranged from good to poor. The one site with a poor water-quality index score had a small drainage area. The small drainage area and dry conditions during the sampling period may have contributed to the poor scores calculated for this site.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20045010","usgsCitation":"Robinson, B.A., 2004, An Inventory of Aquatic Macroinvertebrates and Calculation of Selected Biotic Indices for the U.S. Army Atterbury Reserve Forces Training Area near Edinburgh, Indiana, September 2000 - August 2002: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5010, 19 p.; CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045010.","productDescription":"19 p.; CD-ROM","startPage":"1","endPage":"19","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":5371,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir2004-5010/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":174672,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","city":"Edinburgh, Indianapolis","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -86.8304443359375,\n              39.23863526469436\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.8304443359375,\n              40.24179856487036\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.5010986328125,\n              40.24179856487036\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.5010986328125,\n              39.23863526469436\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.8304443359375,\n              39.23863526469436\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db6864f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, Bret A. barobins@usgs.gov","contributorId":3897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Bret","email":"barobins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":249683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":55675,"text":"ofr20041239 - 2004 - Preliminary Results from Coal-Bed Methane Drilling in Ouachita Parish, Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:47","indexId":"ofr20041239","displayToPublicDate":"2004-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1239","title":"Preliminary Results from Coal-Bed Methane Drilling in Ouachita Parish, Louisiana","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041239","usgsCitation":"Warwick, P.D., Breland, F.C., Clark, A.C., and Willett, J.C., 2004, Preliminary Results from Coal-Bed Methane Drilling in Ouachita Parish, Louisiana (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1239, 4 p.; online only, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041239.","productDescription":"4 p.; online only","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":174241,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5437,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1239/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e453","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warwick, Peter D. 0000-0002-3152-7783 pwarwick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3152-7783","contributorId":762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warwick","given":"Peter","email":"pwarwick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":253963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Breland, F. Clayton Jr.","contributorId":43842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breland","given":"F.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"Clayton","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":253966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clark, Arthur C. aclark@usgs.gov","contributorId":2320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Arthur","email":"aclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":253964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Willett, Jason C. 0000-0002-7598-3174 jwillett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-3174","contributorId":3516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willett","given":"Jason","email":"jwillett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":253965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":55667,"text":"ofr03455 - 2004 - The Catfish Lake Scarp, Allyn, Washington: Preliminary field data and implications for earthquake hazards posed by the Tacoma fault","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-19T18:25:31.836531","indexId":"ofr03455","displayToPublicDate":"2004-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-455","title":"The Catfish Lake Scarp, Allyn, Washington: Preliminary field data and implications for earthquake hazards posed by the Tacoma fault","docAbstract":"The Tacoma fault bounds gravity and aeromagnetic anomalies for 50 km across central Puget lowland from Tacoma to western Kitsap County. Tomography implies at least 6 km of post-Eocene uplift to the north of the fault relative to basinal sedimentary rocks to the south. \r\nCoastlines north of the Tacoma fault rose about 1100 years ago during a large earthquake. Abrupt uplift up to several meters caused tidal flats at Lynch Cove, North Bay, and Burley Lagoon to turn into forested wetlands and freshwater marshes. South of the fault at Wollochet Bay, Douglas-fir forests sank into the intertidal zone and changed into saltmarsh. Liquefaction features found beneath the marsh at Burley Lagoon point to strong ground shaking at the time of uplift. \r\nRecent lidar maps of the area southwest of Allyn, Washington revealed a 4 km long scarp, or two closely spaced en-echelon scarps, which correspond closely to the Tacoma fault gravity and aeromagnetic anomalies. The scarp, named the Catfish Lake scarp, is north-side-up, trends east-west, and clearly displace striae left by a Vashon-age glacier. A trench across the scarp exposed evidence for postglacial folding and reverse slip. No organic material for radiocarbon dating was recovered from the trench. However, relationships in the trench suggest that the folding and faulting is postglacial in age.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr03455","usgsCitation":"Sherrod, B.L., Nelson, A.R., Kelsey, H.M., Brocher, T.M., Blakely, R.J., Weaver, C.S., Rountree, N.K., Rhea, B.S., and Jackson, B.S., 2004, The Catfish Lake Scarp, Allyn, Washington: Preliminary field data and implications for earthquake hazards posed by the Tacoma fault (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-455, Report: iii, 11 p.; 1 Sheet: 36.00 x 36.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03455.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 11 p.; 1 Sheet: 36.00 x 36.00 inches","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":174183,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":406990,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_67627.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":5431,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-455/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","city":"Allyn","otherGeospatial":"Catfish Lake scarp","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.9,\n              47.36\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.8592,\n              47.36\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.8592,\n              47.3814\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.9,\n              47.3814\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.9,\n              47.36\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad2e4b07f02db681b67","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sherrod, Brian L.","contributorId":16874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":253943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, Alan R. 0000-0001-7117-7098 anelson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7117-7098","contributorId":812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Alan","email":"anelson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":253940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kelsey, Harvey M.","contributorId":101713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelsey","given":"Harvey","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":253947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brocher, Thomas M. 0000-0002-9740-839X brocher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-839X","contributorId":262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brocher","given":"Thomas","email":"brocher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":253939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Blakely, Richard J. 0000-0003-1701-5236 blakely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1701-5236","contributorId":1540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blakely","given":"Richard","email":"blakely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":253941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Weaver, Craig S. craig@usgs.gov","contributorId":2690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weaver","given":"Craig","email":"craig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":253942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rountree, Nancy K.","contributorId":67960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rountree","given":"Nancy","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":253945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Rhea, B. Susan","contributorId":98775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rhea","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"Susan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":253946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Jackson, Bernard S.","contributorId":29503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"Bernard","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":253944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":55682,"text":"ofr20041067 - 2004 - Digital Database of Selected Aggregate and Related Resources in Ada, Boise, Canyon, Elmore, Gem, and Owyhee Counties, Southwestern Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:47","indexId":"ofr20041067","displayToPublicDate":"2004-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1067","title":"Digital Database of Selected Aggregate and Related Resources in Ada, Boise, Canyon, Elmore, Gem, and Owyhee Counties, Southwestern Idaho","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) compiled a database of aggregate sites and geotechnical sample data for six counties - Ada, Boise, Canyon, Elmore, Gem, and Owyhee - in southwest Idaho as part of a series of studies in support of the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) planning process.  Emphasis is placed on sand and gravel sites in deposits of the Boise River, Snake River, and other fluvial systems and in Neogene lacustrine deposits.  Data were collected primarily from unpublished Idaho Transportation Department (ITD) records and BLM site descriptions, published Army Corps of Engineers (ACE) records, and USGS sampling data.  The results of this study provides important information needed by land-use planners and resource managers, particularly in the BLM, to anticipate and plan for demand and development of sand and gravel and other mineral material resources on public lands in response to the urban growth in southwestern Idaho.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041067","usgsCitation":"Moyle, P.R., Wallis, J., Bliss, J.D., and Bolm, K.D., 2004, Digital Database of Selected Aggregate and Related Resources in Ada, Boise, Canyon, Elmore, Gem, and Owyhee Counties, Southwestern Idaho (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1067, 560 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041067.","productDescription":"560 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":174435,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5443,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1067/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d60e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moyle, Phillip R.","contributorId":100898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moyle","given":"Phillip","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":253987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wallis, John C.","contributorId":45755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallis","given":"John C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":253985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bliss, James D. jbliss@usgs.gov","contributorId":2790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bliss","given":"James","email":"jbliss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":253984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bolm, Karen D.","contributorId":56101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bolm","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":253986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":69774,"text":"mf2327D - 2004 - Geologic insights and suggestions on mineral potential based on analyses of geophysical data for the southern Toquima Range, Nye County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-16T18:40:26.335742","indexId":"mf2327D","displayToPublicDate":"2004-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2327","chapter":"D","title":"Geologic insights and suggestions on mineral potential based on analyses of geophysical data for the southern Toquima Range, Nye County, Nevada","docAbstract":"Aeromagnetic and gravity data provide confirmation of major structural and lithologic units in the southern Toquima Range, Nevada. These units include Cretaceous granite plutons and Tertiary calderas. In addition, the geophysical maps pinpoint numerous faults and lesser intrusions, and they suggest locations of several inferred subsurface intrusions. They also corroborate a system of northwesterly and northeasterly conjugate structures that probably are fundamental to the structural framework of the Toquima Range. A combination of geophysical, geochemical, and geologic data available for the widely mineralized and productive area suggests additional mineral resource potential, especially in and (or) adjacent to the Round Mountain, Jefferson, Manhattan, and Belmont mining districts. Also, evidence for mineral potential exists for areas near the Flower mercury mine south of Mount Jefferson caldera, and in the Bald Mountain Canyon belt of gold-quartz veins in the Manhattan caldera. A few other areas also show potential for mineral resources. The various geologic environments indicated within the map area suggest base- and precious-metal potential in porphyry deposits as well as in quartz-vein and skarn deposits associated with intrusive stocks.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf2327D","usgsCitation":"Shawe, D.R., Kucks, R., and Hildenbrand, T., 2004, Geologic insights and suggestions on mineral potential based on analyses of geophysical data for the southern Toquima Range, Nye County, Nevada (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2327, Report: 14 p.; 1 Plate: 72.50 × 40.25 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2327D.","productDescription":"Report: 14 p.; 1 Plate: 72.50 × 40.25 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":188184,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":110490,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_67690.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"67690"},{"id":6406,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2004/2327/D/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"48000","country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Nye County","otherGeospatial":"southern Toquima Range","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.125,\n              38.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.75,\n              38.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.75,\n              38.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.125,\n              38.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.125,\n              38.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a86bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shawe, D. R.","contributorId":6863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shawe","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kucks, R.P.","contributorId":53758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kucks","given":"R.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hildenbrand, T.G.","contributorId":83892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildenbrand","given":"T.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":69798,"text":"sim2820 - 2004 - Historic trail map of the Leadville 1° x 2° quadrangle, central Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-04T22:34:11.62479","indexId":"sim2820","displayToPublicDate":"2004-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2820","title":"Historic trail map of the Leadville 1° x 2° quadrangle, central Colorado","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sim2820","usgsCitation":"Scott, G., 2004, Historic trail map of the Leadville 1° x 2° quadrangle, central Colorado (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2820, 1 Plate: 57.24 × 41.06 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2820.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 57.24 × 41.06 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":187732,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":110503,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68372.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"68372"},{"id":6422,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2004/2820","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Leadville 1° x 2° quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -108,\n              39\n            ],\n            [\n              -106,\n              39\n            ],\n            [\n              -106,\n              40\n            ],\n            [\n              -108,\n              40\n            ],\n            [\n              -108,\n              39\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a58e4b07f02db62eef2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, Glenn R.","contributorId":33324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"Glenn R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":55663,"text":"ofr0318 - 2004 - Mineral Commodity Profiles: Selenium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:51","indexId":"ofr0318","displayToPublicDate":"2004-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-18","title":"Mineral Commodity Profiles: Selenium","docAbstract":"Overview -- Selenium, which is one of the chalcogen elements in group 16 (or 6A) of the periodic table, is a semiconductor that is chemically similar to sulfur for which it substitutes in many minerals and synthetic compounds. It is a byproduct of copper refining and, to a much lesser extent, lead refining. It is used in many applications, the major ones being a decolorizer for glass, a metallurgical additive to free-machining varieties of ferrous and nonferrous alloys, a constituent in cadmium sulfoselenide pigments, a photoreceptor in xerographic copiers, and a semiconductor in electrical rectifiers and photocells. \r\n\r\nRefined selenium amounting to more than 1,800 metric tons (t) was produced by 14 countries in 2000. Japan, Canada, the United States, and Belgium, which were the four largest producers, accounted for nearly 85 percent of world production. An estimated 250 t of the world total is secondary selenium, which is recovered from scrapped xerographic copier drums and selenium rectifiers; the selenium in nearly all other uses is dissipated (not recoverable as waste or scrap). The present selenium reserve bases for the United States and the world (including the United States), which are associated with copper deposits, are expected to be able to satisfy demand for selenium for several decades without difficulty.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr0318","usgsCitation":"Butterman, W., and Brown, R., 2004, Mineral Commodity Profiles: Selenium (Version 1.0, Online Only): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-18, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0318.","productDescription":"20 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":174098,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5428,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-018/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0, Online Only","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635718","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butterman, W. C.","contributorId":13679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butterman","given":"W. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":253927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, R.D. Jr.","contributorId":19997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"R.D.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":253928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":55674,"text":"sir20045011 - 2004 - Distribution of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and selected water-quality constituents in the surficial aquifer at the Dover National Test Site, Dover Air Force Base, Delaware, 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-22T20:37:18.314437","indexId":"sir20045011","displayToPublicDate":"2004-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5011","title":"Distribution of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and selected water-quality constituents in the surficial aquifer at the Dover National Test Site, Dover Air Force Base, Delaware, 2001","docAbstract":"A joint study by the Dover National Test Site, Dover Air Force Base, Delaware, and the U.S. Geological Survey was conducted from June 27 through July 18, 2001, to determine the spatial distribution of the gasoline oxygenate additive methyl tert-butyl ether and selected water-quality constituents in the surficial aquifer underlying the Dover National Test Site. This report provides a summary assessment of the distribution of methyl tert-butyl ether and a preliminary screening of selected constituents that may affect natural attenuation and remediation demonstrations at the Dover National Test Site. The information gathered during this study is designed to assist potential remedial investigators who are considering conducting a methyl tert-butyl ether remedial demonstration at the test site. In addition, the study supported a planned enhanced bioremediation demonstration and assisted the Dover National Test Site in identifying possible locations for future methyl tert-butyl ether remediation demonstrations.\r\n\r\nA direct-push drill rig was used to collect a total of 147 ground-water samples (115 VOC samples and 32 quality-assurance samples) at varying depths. Volatile organic compounds were above the method reporting limits in 59 of the 115 ground-water samples. The concentrations ranged from below detection limits to maximum values of 12.4 micrograms per liter of cis-1,2-dichloro-ethene, 1.14 micrograms per liter of trichloro-ethene, 2.65 micrograms per liter of tetrachloro-ethene, 1,070 micrograms per liter of methyl tert-butyl ether, 4.36 micrograms per liter of benzene, and 1.8 micrograms per liter of toluene. Vinyl chloride, ethylbenzene, p,m-xylene, and o-xylene were not detected in any of the samples collected during this investigation. Methyl tert-butyl ether was detected in 47 of the 115 ground-water samples. The highest concentrations of methyl tert-butyl ether were detected in the surficial aquifer from ?4.6 to 6.4 feet mean sea level; however, methyl tert-butyl ether was detected as deep as ?9.5 feet mean sea level. Increased methane concentrations and decreased dissolved oxygen concentrations that were found in association with the ground-water samples that contained methyl tert-butyl ether are preliminary indicators that will assist in determining if natural attenuation of methyl tert-butyl ether is occurring in the surficial aquifer. A full assessment of natural attenuation of methyl tert-butyl ether at the site is beyond the scope of this study, but the data collected during the study will be useful in selecting appropriate remedial methyl tert-butyl ether demonstrations.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20045011","usgsCitation":"Stewart, M., Guertal, W.R., Barbaro, J.R., and McHale, T.J., 2004, Distribution of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and selected water-quality constituents in the surficial aquifer at the Dover National Test Site, Dover Air Force Base, Delaware, 2001: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5011, iv, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045011.","productDescription":"iv, 13 p.","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":174240,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":414576,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68351.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":5436,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir20045011/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware","otherGeospatial":"Dover Air Force Base, Dover National Test Site","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.4958,\n              39.1403\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.4958,\n              39.1292\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.4861,\n              39.1292\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.4861,\n              39.1403\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.4958,\n              39.1403\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635d90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stewart, Marie","contributorId":100931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"Marie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":253962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guertal, William R. wguertal@usgs.gov","contributorId":3792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guertal","given":"William","email":"wguertal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":253960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barbaro, Jeffrey R. 0000-0002-6107-2142 jrbarbar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6107-2142","contributorId":1626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barbaro","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jrbarbar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":253959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McHale, Timothy J.","contributorId":52643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McHale","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":253961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":69770,"text":"mf2413 - 2004 - Geologic and Fossil Locality Maps of the West-Central Part of the Howard Pass Quadrangle and Part of the Adjacent Misheguk Mountain Quadrangle, Western Brooks Range, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-07T21:05:57","indexId":"mf2413","displayToPublicDate":"2004-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2413","title":"Geologic and Fossil Locality Maps of the West-Central Part of the Howard Pass Quadrangle and Part of the Adjacent Misheguk Mountain Quadrangle, Western Brooks Range, Alaska","docAbstract":"      The map depicts the field distribution and contact relations between stratigraphic units, the tectonic relations between major stratigraphic sequences, and the detailed internal structure of these sequences.  The stratigraphic sequences formed in a variety of continental margin depositional environments, and subsequently underwent a complexde formational history of imbricate thrust faulting and folding.  A compilation of micro and macro fossil identifications is included in this data set.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/mf2413","usgsCitation":"Dover, J.H., Tailleur, I.L., and Dumoulin, J.A., 2004, Geologic and Fossil Locality Maps of the West-Central Part of the Howard Pass Quadrangle and Part of the Adjacent Misheguk Mountain Quadrangle, Western Brooks Range, Alaska (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2413, 2 over-sized sheets, one pamphlet (75 p.), https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2413.","productDescription":"2 over-sized sheets, one pamphlet (75 p.)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110488,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_67596.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"67596"},{"id":191749,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6402,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2004/2413/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -159.58472222222224,68.25 ], [ -159.58472222222224,68.75 ], [ -157.18472222222223,68.75 ], [ -157.18472222222223,68.25 ], [ -159.58472222222224,68.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a834b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dover, James H.","contributorId":43382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dover","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tailleur, Irvin L.","contributorId":105304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tailleur","given":"Irvin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dumoulin, Julie A. 0000-0003-1754-1287 dumoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-1287","contributorId":203209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumoulin","given":"Julie","email":"dumoulin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":54122,"text":"cir1259 - 2004 - Shifting shoals and shattered rocks: How man has transformed the floor of west-central San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-27T19:19:39.305081","indexId":"cir1259","displayToPublicDate":"2004-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1259","title":"Shifting shoals and shattered rocks: How man has transformed the floor of west-central San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"San Francisco Bay, one of the world's finest natural harbors and a major center for maritime trade, is referred to as the 'Gateway to the Pacific Rim.' The bay is an urbanized estuary that is considered by many to be the major estuary in the United States most modified by man's activities. The population around the estuary has grown rapidly since the 1850's and now exceeds 7 million people. The San Francisco Bay area's economy ranks as one of the largest in the world, larger even than that of many countries. More than 10 million tourists are estimated to visit the bay region each year. The bay area's population and associated development have increasingly changed the estuary and its environment. \r\n\r\nSan Francisco Bay and the contiguous Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta encompass roughly 1,600 square miles (4,100 km2) and are the outlet of a major watershed that drains more than 40 percent of the land area of the State of California. This watershed provides drinking water for 20 million people (two thirds of the State's population) and irrigates 4.5 million acres of farmland and ranchland. \r\n\r\nDuring the past several decades, much has been done to clean up the environment and waters of San Francisco Bay. Conservationist groups have even bought many areas on the margins of the bay with the intention of restoring them to a condition more like the natural marshes they once were. However, many of the major manmade changes to the bay's environment occurred so long ago that the nature of them has been forgotten. In addition, many changes continue to occur today, such as the introduction of exotic species and the loss of commercial and sport fisheries because of declining fish populations. The economy and population of the nine counties that surround the bay continue to grow and put increasing pressure on the bay, both direct and indirect. Therefore, there are mixed signals for the future health and welfare of San Francisco Bay. \r\n\r\nThe San Francisco Bay estuary consists of three subembayments--north bay (San Pablo and Suisun Bays), central bay, and south bay--each characterized by a central area of open water surrounded by intertidal mudflats and marshes. Central bay includes Alcatraz and Angel Islands and also a number of submerged bedrock knobs that protrude through the sediment of the bay floor and rise to within about 40 feet (12 m) of the water surface. The most prominent of these are Harding, Shag, Arch, and Blossom Rocks. These rocks have been lowered by blasting several times in the past, but they remain a potential hazard to shipping because newer cargo vessels are designed with increasingly deeper drafts. Central bay's location adjacent to two major population and commerce centers, San Francisco and Oakland, subjects it to greater human influences than less developed parts of the estuary. The western part of central San Francisco Bay is adjacent to the Golden Gate, the estuary's outlet to the Pacific Ocean. The changing submarine topography of the west-central bay, as well as its geology, form the main focus of this book.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir1259","collaboration":"See also OFR 01-90","usgsCitation":"Chin, J., Wong, F.L., and Carlson, P.R., 2004, Shifting shoals and shattered rocks: How man has transformed the floor of west-central San Francisco Bay (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1259, Report: vi, 30 p.; 1 Plate: 25.50 × 35.36 inches; Spatial Data, https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1259.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 30 p.; 1 Plate: 25.50 × 35.36 inches; Spatial Data","costCenters":[{"id":645,"text":"Western Coastal and Marine Geology","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":177973,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":408818,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_66120.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":7756,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/2004/c1259/illustrations/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":5569,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/2004/c1259/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.48677786805541,\n              37.88512559004853\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.48677786805541,\n              37.81215264640532\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.382990293902,\n              37.81215264640532\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.382990293902,\n              37.88512559004853\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.48677786805541,\n              37.88512559004853\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db698174","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chin, John L.","contributorId":98291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chin","given":"John L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wong, Florence L. 0000-0002-3918-5896 fwong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3918-5896","contributorId":1990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wong","given":"Florence","email":"fwong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":249248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carlson, Paul R.","contributorId":81469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":55676,"text":"ofr20041217 - 2004 - Northwestern panhandle of Florida coastal classification maps— St. Andrew Bay entrance channel to Perdido Pass","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-16T19:53:35.158121","indexId":"ofr20041217","displayToPublicDate":"2004-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1217","title":"Northwestern panhandle of Florida coastal classification maps— St. Andrew Bay entrance channel to Perdido Pass","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041217","usgsCitation":"Morton, R., Peterson, R.L., and Miller, T.L., 2004, Northwestern panhandle of Florida coastal classification maps— St. Andrew Bay entrance channel to Perdido Pass: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1217, HTML Document; 1 CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041217.","productDescription":"HTML Document; 1 CD-ROM","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":174242,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":391758,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68320.htm"},{"id":5438,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1217/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.7333,30.1194 ], [ -87.7333,30.4 ], [ -85.75,30.4 ], [ -85.75,30.1194 ], [ -87.7333,30.1194 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db696aeb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morton, Robert A.","contributorId":88333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"Robert A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":253969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, Russell L.","contributorId":55045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":253967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Tara L.","contributorId":56302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Tara","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":253968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":54259,"text":"sir20045017 - 2004 - Water Quality of the Snake River and Five Eastern Tributaries in the Upper Snake River Basin, Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming, 1998-2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:53","indexId":"sir20045017","displayToPublicDate":"2004-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5017","title":"Water Quality of the Snake River and Five Eastern Tributaries in the Upper Snake River Basin, Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming, 1998-2002","docAbstract":"To address water-resource management objectives of the National Park Service in Grand Teton National Park, the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the National Park Service has conducted water-quality sampling in the upper Snake River Basin. Routine sampling of the Snake River was conducted during water years 1998-2002 to monitor the water quality of the Snake River through time. A synoptic study during 2002 was conducted to supplement the routine Snake River sampling and establish baseline water-quality conditions of five of its eastern tributaries?Pilgrim Creek, Pacific Creek, Buffalo Fork, Spread Creek, and Ditch Creek. Samples from the Snake River and the five tributaries were collected at 12 sites and analyzed for field measurements, major ions and dissolved solids, nutrients, selected trace metals, pesticides, and suspended sediment. In addition, the eastern tributaries were sampled for fecal-indicator bacteria by the National Park Service during the synoptic study.\r\n\r\nMajor-ion chemistry of the Snake River varies between an upstream site above Jackson Lake near the northern boundary of Grand Teton National Park and a downstream site near the southern boundary of the Park, in part owing to the inputs from the eastern tributaries. Water type of the Snake River changes from sodium bicarbonate at the upstream site to calcium bicarbonate at the downstream site. The water type of the five eastern tributaries is calcium bicarbonate. Dissolved solids in samples collected from the Snake River were significantly higher at the upstream site (p-value<0.001), where concentrations in 43 samples ranged from 62 to 240 milligrams per liter, compared to the downstream site where concentrations in 33 samples ranged from 77 to 141 milligrams per liter. Major-ion chemistry of Pilgrim Creek, Pacific Creek, Buffalo Fork, Spread Creek, and Ditch Creek generally did not change substantially between the upstream sites near the National Park Service boundary with the National Forest and the downstream sites near the Snake River; however, variations in the major ions and dissolved solids existed between basins. Variations probably result from differences in geology between the tributary basins.\r\n\r\nConcentrations of dissolved ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate in all samples collected from the Snake River and the five eastern tributaries were less than water-quality criteria for surface waters in Wyoming. Concentrations of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in samples from the Snake River and the tributaries generally were less than median concentrations determined for undeveloped streams in the United States; however, concentrations in some samples did exceed ambient total-nitrogen and total-phosphorus criteria for forested mountain streams in the Middle Rockies ecoregion recommended by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to address cultural eutrophication. Sources for the excess nitrogen and phosphorus probably are natural because these basins have little development and cultivation.\r\n\r\nConcentrations of trace metals and pesticides were low and less than water-quality criteria for surface waters in Wyoming in samples collected from the Snake River and the five eastern tributaries. Atrazine, dieldrin, EPTC, or tebuthiuron were detected in estimated concentrations of 0.003 microgram per liter or less in 5 of 27 samples collected from the Snake River. An estimated concentration of 0.008 microgram per liter of metolachlor was detected in one sample from the Buffalo Fork. The estimated concentrations were less than the reporting levels for the pesticide analytical method.\r\n\r\nSuspended-sediment concentrations in 43 samples from the upstream site on the Snake River ranged from 1 to 604 milligrams per liter and were similar to suspended-sediment concentrations in 33 samples from the downstream site, which ranged from 1 to 648 milligrams per liter. Suspended-sediment concentrations in 38 samples collected from the tributary streams ranged from 1 t","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20045017","usgsCitation":"Clark, M.L., Sadler, W.J., and O’Ney, S.E., 2004, Water Quality of the Snake River and Five Eastern Tributaries in the Upper Snake River Basin, Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming, 1998-2002: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5017, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045017.","productDescription":"41 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5372,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir20045017","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":175136,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd3a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, Melanie L. mlclark@usgs.gov","contributorId":1827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Melanie","email":"mlclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":249684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sadler, Wilfrid J.","contributorId":19578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sadler","given":"Wilfrid","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Ney, Susan E.","contributorId":81198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Ney","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":55718,"text":"sir20045038 - 2004 - Guidelines for Evaluating Ground-Water Flow Models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:48","indexId":"sir20045038","displayToPublicDate":"2004-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5038","title":"Guidelines for Evaluating Ground-Water Flow Models","docAbstract":"Ground-water flow modeling is an important tool frequently used in studies of ground-water systems. Reviewers and users of these studies have a need to evaluate the accuracy or reasonableness of the ground-water flow model. This report provides some guidelines and discussion on how to evaluate complex ground-water flow models used in the investigation of ground-water systems. A consistent thread throughout these guidelines is that the objectives of the study must be specified to allow the adequacy of the model to be evaluated.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20045038","usgsCitation":"Reilly, T.E., and Harbaugh, A.W., 2004, Guidelines for Evaluating Ground-Water Flow Models: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5038, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045038.","productDescription":"37 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5655,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir2004-5038/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":174081,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635a70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reilly, Thomas E. tereilly@usgs.gov","contributorId":1660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reilly","given":"Thomas","email":"tereilly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":254107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harbaugh, Arlen W. harbaugh@usgs.gov","contributorId":426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harbaugh","given":"Arlen","email":"harbaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":254106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":76073,"text":"fs20043074 - 2004 - Invasive Species Program --Snakeheads, Aquatic Invaders","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:20","indexId":"fs20043074","displayToPublicDate":"2004-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-3074","title":"Invasive Species Program --Snakeheads, Aquatic Invaders","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs20043074","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2004, Invasive Species Program --Snakeheads, Aquatic Invaders (Related work: Circular 1251): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2004-3074, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20043074.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":121349,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2004_3074.jpg"}],"edition":"Related work: Circular 1251","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49bee4b07f02db5d0e8d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":534774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70194868,"text":"70194868 - 2004 - Book review: Parasites and diseases of wild birds in Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-24T11:17:37","indexId":"70194868","displayToPublicDate":"2004-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Book review: Parasites and diseases of wild birds in Florida","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-40.3.612","usgsCitation":"Cole, R.A., 2004, Book review: Parasites and diseases of wild birds in Florida: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 40, no. 3, p. 613-614, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-40.3.612.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"613","endPage":"614","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487897,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.7589/0090-3558-40.3.612","text":"External Repository"},{"id":350575,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a69a95ee4b06e28e9c81a8a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cole, Rebecca A. 0000-0003-2923-1622 rcole@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2923-1622","contributorId":2873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"Rebecca","email":"rcole@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":725717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":56955,"text":"wri034318 - 2004 - Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds in sediment by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-28T18:30:19.544532","indexId":"wri034318","displayToPublicDate":"2004-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4318","title":"Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds in sediment by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry","docAbstract":"A method for the determination of 28 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 25 alkylated PAH homolog groups in sediment samples is described.  The compounds are extracted from sediment by solvent extraction, followed by partial isolation using high-performance gel permeation chromatography.  The compounds are identified and uantitated using capillary-column gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.  The report presents performance data for full-scan ion monitoring.  Method detection limits in laboratory reagent matrix samples range from 1.3 to 5.1 micrograms per kilogram for the 28 PAHs.  The 25 groups of alkylated PAHs are homologs of five groups of isomeric parent PAHs.  Because of the lack of authentic standards, these homologs are reported semiquantitatively using a response factor from a parent PAH or a specific alkylated PAH.  Precision data for the alkylated PAH homologs are presented using two different standard reference manuals produced by the National Institute of Standards and Technology: SRM 1941b and SRM 1944.  The percent relative standard deviations for identified alkylated PAH homolog groups ranged from 1.55 to 6.98 for SRM 1941b and from 6.11 to 12.0 for SRM 1944.  Homolog group concentrations reported under this method include the concentrations of individually identified compounds that are members of the group.  \r\n\r\nOrganochlorine (OC) pesticides--including toxaphene, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organophosphate (OP) pesticides--can be isolated simultaneously using this method.  \r\n\r\nIn brief, sediment samples are centrifuged to remove excess water and extracted overnight with dichloromethan (95 percent) and methanol (5 percent).  The extract is concentrated and then filtered through a 0.2-micrometer polytetrafluoroethylene syringe filter.  The PAH fraction is isolated by quantitatively injecting an aliquot of sample onto two polystyrene-divinylbenzene gel-permeation chromatographic columns connected in series.  The compounds are eluted with dichloromethane, a PAH fraction is collected, and a portion of the coextracted interferences, including elemental sulfur, is separated and discarded.  The extract is solvent exchanged, the volume is reduced, and internal standard is added.  Sample analysis is completed using a gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer and full-scan acquisition.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri034318","usgsCitation":"Olson, M.C., Iverson, J.L., Furlong, E.T., and Schroeder, M.P., 2004, Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds in sediment by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4318, vii, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034318.","productDescription":"vii, 45 p.","costCenters":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":88170,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4318/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124321,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4318/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":5713,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://nwql.usgs.gov/Public/pubs/WRIR03-4318/WRIR03-4318.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fa7aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olson, Mary C.","contributorId":91931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":255982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Iverson, Jana L. jiverson@usgs.gov","contributorId":5564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iverson","given":"Jana","email":"jiverson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":255981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Furlong, Edward T. 0000-0002-7305-4603 efurlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7305-4603","contributorId":740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furlong","given":"Edward","email":"efurlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":255980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schroeder, Michael P.","contributorId":103303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroeder","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":255983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":69800,"text":"sim2815 - 2004 - Log and data from an investigation of the Orovada trench site, Santa Rosa range fault zone, Humboldt County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:21","indexId":"sim2815","displayToPublicDate":"2004-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2815","title":"Log and data from an investigation of the Orovada trench site, Santa Rosa range fault zone, Humboldt County, Nevada","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sim2815","usgsCitation":"Personius, S.F., Anderson, R.E., Okumura, K., Mahan, S., and Hancock, D.A., 2004, Log and data from an investigation of the Orovada trench site, Santa Rosa range fault zone, Humboldt County, Nevada (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2815, 1 sheet, 94 by 34 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2815.","productDescription":"1 sheet, 94 by 34 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110486,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_63849.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"63849"},{"id":188892,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6158,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2004/2815/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"500000","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a69e4b07f02db63c04b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Personius, Stephen F. personius@usgs.gov","contributorId":1214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Personius","given":"Stephen","email":"personius@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":281278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, R. Ernest","contributorId":104484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ernest","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Okumura, Koji","contributorId":39457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okumura","given":"Koji","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mahan, Shannon 0000-0001-5214-7774","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":19239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"Shannon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hancock, Dean A.","contributorId":11702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hancock","given":"Dean","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":54155,"text":"wri034322 - 2004 - Simulated effects of ground-water augmentation on the hydrology of Round and Halfmoon Lakes in northwestern Hillsborough County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-07T20:25:33.341435","indexId":"wri034322","displayToPublicDate":"2004-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4322","title":"Simulated effects of ground-water augmentation on the hydrology of Round and Halfmoon Lakes in northwestern Hillsborough County, Florida","docAbstract":"<p>Pumpage from the Upper Floridan aquifer in northwest Hillsborough County near Tampa, Florida, has induced downward leakage from the overlying surficial aquifer and lowered the water table in many areas. Leakage is highest where the confining layer separating the aquifers is breached, which is common beneath many of the lakes in the study area. Leakage of water to the Upper Floridan aquifer has lowered the water level in many lakes and drained many wetlands. Ground water from the Upper Floridan aquifer has been added (augmented) to some lakes in an effort to maintain lake levels, but the resulting lake-water chemistry and lake leakage patterns are substantially different from those of natural lakes. Changes in lake-water chemistry can cause changes in lake flora, fauna, and lake sediment composition, and large volumes of lake leakage are suspected to enhance the formation of sinkholes near the shoreline of augmented lakes.</p><p>The leakage rate of lake water through the surficial aquifer to the Upper Floridan aquifer was estimated in this study using ground-water-flow models developed for an augmented lake (Round Lake) and non-augmented lake (Halfmoon Lake). Flow models developed with MODFLOW were calibrated through nonlinear regression with UCODE to measured water levels and monthly net ground-water-flow rates from the lakes estimated from lake-water budgets. Monthly estimates of ground-water recharge were computed using an unsaturated flow model (LEACHM) that simulated daily changes in storage of water in the soil profile, thus estimating recharge as drainage to the water table.</p><p>Aquifer properties in the Round Lake model were estimated through transient-state simulations using two sets of monthly recharge rates computed during July 1996 to February 1999, which spanned both average conditions (July 1996 through October 1997), and an El Niño event (November 1997 through September 1998) when the recharge rate doubled. Aquifer properties in the Halfmoon Lake model were estimated through steady-state simulations of average conditions in July 1996. Simulated hydrographs computed by the Round and Halfmoon Lake models closely matched measured water-level fluctuations, except during El Niño, when the Halfmoon Lake model was unable to accurately reproduce water levels. Possibly, potential recharge during El Niño was diverted through ground-water-flow outlets that were not represented in the Halfmoon Lake model, or a large part of the rainfall was diverted into runoff before it could become recharge.</p><p>Solute transport simulations with MT3D indicate that leakage of lake water extended 250 to 400 feet into the surficial aquifer around Round Lake, and from 75 to 150 feet around Halfmoon Lake before flowing to the underlying Upper Floridan aquifer. These results are in agreement with concentrations of stable isotopes of oxygen-18 (d18O) and deuterium (dD) in the surficial aquifer. Schedules of monthly augmentation rates to maintain constant stages in Round and Halfmoon Lakes were computed using an equation that accounted for changes in the Upper Floridan aquifer head and the deviation from the mean recharge rate. Resulting lake stages were nearly constant during the first half of the study, but increased above target lake stages during El Niño; modifying the computation of augmentation rates to account for the higher recharge rate during El Niño resulted in lake stages that were closer to the target lake stage.</p><p>Substantially more lake leakage flows to the Upper Floridan aquifer from Round Lake than from Halfmoon Lake, because the estimated vertical hydraulic conductivities of lake and confining layer sediments and breaches in the confining layer beneath Round Lake are much greater. Augmentation rates required to maintain the low guidance stages in Round Lake (53 feet) and Halfmoon Lake (42 feet) under average Upper Floridan aquifer heads are estimated as 33,850 cubic feet per day and 1,330 to 10,000 cubic feet per day, respectively. These rates equate to 26 inches per month of water applied to the entire surface of Round Lake and 0.34 to 2.5 inches per month of water applied to Halfmoon Lake.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri034322","usgsCitation":"Yager, R.M., and Metz, P.A., 2004, Simulated effects of ground-water augmentation on the hydrology of Round and Halfmoon Lakes in northwestern Hillsborough County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4322, viii, 50 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034322.","productDescription":"viii, 50 p.","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":184050,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":406343,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68327.htm"},{"id":5601,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034322/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Hillsborough County","otherGeospatial":"Round and Halfmoon Lakes","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.575,\n              28.1375\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.4833,\n              28.1375\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.4833,\n              28.0667\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.575,\n              28.0667\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.575,\n              28.1375\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649526","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yager, Richard M. 0000-0001-7725-1148 ryager@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7725-1148","contributorId":950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yager","given":"Richard","email":"ryager@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":249347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Metz, P. A.","contributorId":68706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metz","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":57974,"text":"ofr20041244 - 2004 - Mining activity in Nevada, 1851-1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-15T20:10:41.491513","indexId":"ofr20041244","displayToPublicDate":"2004-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1244","title":"Mining activity in Nevada, 1851-1995","docAbstract":"<p><span>This report describes a Microsoft PowerPoint digital movie package that displays patterns of Nevada mineral activity from 1851 to 1995 and historical factors that influenced these patterns. The digital package consists of a full length educational movie with text and two short animations showing the evolving patterns of significant Nevada mineral deposits and mining districts over selected decades. The movie was created from images that were exported from a geographic information system (GIS), Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) ArcView 3.2.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041244","usgsCitation":"Moyer, L.A., 2004, Mining activity in Nevada, 1851-1995 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1244, Report: 20 p.; 3 PowerPoint files: Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041244.","productDescription":"Report: 20 p.; 3 PowerPoint files: Metadata","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":184338,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":414253,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68268.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":5935,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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,{"id":57980,"text":"ofr20041009 - 2004 - Geology of the Ugashik-Mount Peulik Volcanic Center, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-24T08:29:03","indexId":"ofr20041009","displayToPublicDate":"2004-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1009","title":"Geology of the Ugashik-Mount Peulik Volcanic Center, Alaska","docAbstract":"The Ugashik-Mount Peulik volcanic center, 550 km southwest of Anchorage on the Alaska Peninsula, consists of the late Quaternary 5-km-wide Ugashik caldera and the stratovolcano Mount Peulik built on the north flank of Ugashik. The center has been the site of explosive volcanism including a caldera-forming eruption and post-caldera dome-destructive activity. Mount Peulik has been formed entirely in Holocene time and erupted in 1814 and 1845. A large lava dome occupies the summit crater, which is breached to the west. A smaller dome is perched high on the southeast flank of the cone. Pyroclastic-flow deposits form aprons below both domes. One or more sector-collapse events occurred early in the formation of Mount Peulik volcano resulting in a large area of debris-avalanche deposits on the volcano's northwest flank. \r\n\r\nThe Ugashik-Mount Peulik center is a calcalkaline suite of basalt, andesite, dacite, and rhyolite, ranging in SiO2 content from 51 to 72 percent. The Ugashik-Mount Peulik magmas appear to be co-genetic in a broad sense and their compositional variation has probably resulted from a combination of fractional crystallization and magma-mixing. \r\n\r\nThe most likely scenario for a future eruption is that one or more of the summit domes on Mount Peulik are destroyed as new magma rises to the surface. Debris avalanches and pyroclastic flows may then move down the west and, less likely, east flanks of the volcano for distances of 10 km or more. A new lava dome or series of domes would be expected to form either during or within some few years after the explosive disruption of the previous dome. This cycle of dome disruption, pyroclastic flow generation, and new dome formation could be repeated several times in a single eruption. \r\n\r\nThe volcano poses little direct threat to human population as the area is sparsely populated. The most serious hazard is the effect of airborne volcanic ash on aircraft since Mount Peulik sits astride heavily traveled air routes connecting the U.S. and Europe to Asia. Activity of the type described could produce eruption columns to heights of 15 km and result in significant amounts of ash 250-300 km downwind.","language":"English","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041009","usgsCitation":"Miller, T.P., 2004, Geology of the Ugashik-Mount Peulik Volcanic Center, Alaska (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1009, 26 p.; 2 plates, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041009.","productDescription":"26 p.; 2 plates","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":184443,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5940,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1009/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":110494,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68269.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"68269"}],"scale":"48","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -184.04296875,\n              48.69096039092549\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.15234374999997,\n              57.70414723434193\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.328125,\n              63.78248603116502\n            ],\n            [\n              -184.04296875,\n              55.178867663281984\n            ],\n            [\n              -184.04296875,\n              48.69096039092549\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67ca63","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Thomas P. tmiller@usgs.gov","contributorId":4183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Thomas","email":"tmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":121,"text":"Alaska Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":258088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":57978,"text":"ofr20041083 - 2004 - Cross-sections and maps showing double-difference relocated earthquakes from 1984-2000 along the Hayward and Calaveras faults, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-22T20:49:06.85183","indexId":"ofr20041083","displayToPublicDate":"2004-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1083","title":"Cross-sections and maps showing double-difference relocated earthquakes from 1984-2000 along the Hayward and Calaveras faults, California","docAbstract":"We present cross-section and map views of earthquakes that occurred from 1984 to 2000 in the vicinity of the Hayward and Calaveras faults in the San Francisco Bay region, California. These earthquakes came from a catalog of events relocated using the double-difference technique, which provides superior relative locations of nearby events. As a result, structures such as fault surfaces and alignments of events along these surfaces are more sharply defined than in previous catalogs.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041083","usgsCitation":"Simpson, R.W., Graymer, R.W., Jachens, R.C., Ponce, D.A., and Wentworth, C.M., 2004, Cross-sections and maps showing double-difference relocated earthquakes from 1984-2000 along the Hayward and Calaveras faults, California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1083, 91 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041083.","productDescription":"91 p.","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":184441,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5938,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1083/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":407249,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68314.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Hayward and Calavaras faults","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.73925781250001,\n              36.4566360115962\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.04736328125,\n              36.4566360115962\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.04736328125,\n              38.34165619279595\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.73925781250001,\n              38.34165619279595\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.73925781250001,\n              36.4566360115962\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad0e4b07f02db6808f0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simpson, Robert W. simpson@usgs.gov","contributorId":1053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simpson","given":"Robert","email":"simpson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graymer, Russell W. 0000-0003-4910-5682 rgraymer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4910-5682","contributorId":1052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graymer","given":"Russell","email":"rgraymer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jachens, Robert C. jachens@usgs.gov","contributorId":1180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jachens","given":"Robert","email":"jachens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ponce, David A. 0000-0003-4785-7354 ponce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4785-7354","contributorId":1049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponce","given":"David","email":"ponce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wentworth, Carl M. 0000-0003-2569-569X cwent@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2569-569X","contributorId":1178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wentworth","given":"Carl","email":"cwent@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70179808,"text":"70179808 - 2004 - Assessment of smolt condition:  Biological and environmental interactions -- The impact of prey and predators on juvenile salmonids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T12:53:48","indexId":"70179808","displayToPublicDate":"2004-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Assessment of smolt condition:  Biological and environmental interactions -- The impact of prey and predators on juvenile salmonids","docAbstract":"<p>The Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) has funded the Assessment of Smolt Condition project since 1987. During that time the project changed frequently to meet the information needs of fish managers by conducting studies throughout the Columbia River basin. Past research has examined the influence of smolt physiological development and health on migration rate; differences in development and migration rates of smolts of hatchery or wild origins; and the impacts of hatchery practices on smolt development. The Smolt Assessment Project will not continue beyond 2004, and here we report on the final study of the project in which we used bioenergetics modeling to investigate predation on juvenile salmonids by northern pikeminnow, smallmouth bass, and walleye in the lower Columbia River reservoirs.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Fish and Wildlife Service ","usgsCitation":"Sauter, S.T., Schrock, R.M., Petersen, J.H., and Maule, A.G., 2004, Assessment of smolt condition:  Biological and environmental interactions -- The impact of prey and predators on juvenile salmonids, 40 p.; Appendix A.","productDescription":"40 p.; Appendix A","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333353,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":333352,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.fws.gov/pacific/Climatechange/pdf/boise/Maule/Recommended%20Reading/Sauter%20et%20al%202004%20Bioenergetics%20&%20predation.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River ","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.0642852783203,\n              45.62892474973852\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.02926635742188,\n              45.599146119878384\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.8548583984375,\n              45.65340822133457\n            ],\n           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ssauter@usgs.gov","contributorId":2921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauter","given":"Sally","email":"ssauter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":658778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schrock, Robin M.","contributorId":20845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schrock","given":"Robin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Petersen, James H. petersen@usgs.gov","contributorId":23231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"James","email":"petersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Maule, Alec G. amaule@usgs.gov","contributorId":2606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maule","given":"Alec","email":"amaule@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70205875,"text":"70205875 - 2004 - Urbanization impacts on the structure and function of forested wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-08T18:55:59","indexId":"70205875","displayToPublicDate":"2004-06-30T18:53:30","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3669,"text":"Urban Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Urbanization impacts on the structure and function of forested wetlands","docAbstract":"<p><span>The exponential increase in population has fueled a significant demographic shift: 60% of the Earth's population will live in urban areas by 2030. While this population growth is significant in its magnitude, the ecological footprint of natural resource consumption and use required to sustain urban populations is even greater. The land use and cover changes accompanying urbanization (increasing human habitation coupled with resource consumption and extensive landscape modification) impacts natural ecosystems at multiple spatial scales. Because they generally occupy lower landscape positions and are linked to other ecosystems through hydrologic connections, the cascading effects of habitat alteration on watershed hydrology and nutrient cycling are particularly detrimental to wetland ecosystems. I reviewed literature relevant to these effects of urbanization on the structure and function of forested wetlands. Hydrologic changes caused by habitat fragmentation generally reduce species richness and abundance of plants, macroinvertebrates, amphibians, and birds with greater numbers of invasives and exotics. Reduction in soil saturation and lowered water tables result in greater nitrogen mineralization and nitrification in urban wetlands with higher probability of NO</span><sup>−</sup><sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;export from the watershed. Depressional forested wetlands in urban areas can function as important sinks for sediments, nutrients, and metals. As urban ecosystems become the predominant human condition, there is a critical need for data specific to urban forested wetlands in order to better understand the role of these ecosystems on the landscape.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/B:UECO.0000036269.56249.66","usgsCitation":"Faulkner, S., 2004, Urbanization impacts on the structure and function of forested wetlands: Urban Ecosystems, v. 7, no. 2, p. 89-106, https://doi.org/10.1023/B:UECO.0000036269.56249.66.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"89","endPage":"106","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368142,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Faulkner, Stephen 0000-0001-5295-1383 faulkners@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5295-1383","contributorId":146152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faulkner","given":"Stephen","email":"faulkners@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70205871,"text":"70205871 - 2004 - Introduction: Wetlands in urban watersheds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-08T18:33:25","indexId":"70205871","displayToPublicDate":"2004-06-30T18:30:53","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3669,"text":"Urban Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Introduction: Wetlands in urban watersheds","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/B:UECO.0000036296.84416.0f","usgsCitation":"Faulkner, S., 2004, Introduction: Wetlands in urban watersheds: Urban Ecosystems, v. 7, no. 2, p. 87-88, https://doi.org/10.1023/B:UECO.0000036296.84416.0f.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"88","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368138,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Faulkner, Stephen 0000-0001-5295-1383 faulkners@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5295-1383","contributorId":146152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faulkner","given":"Stephen","email":"faulkners@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}