Pollinator attraction, pollen limitation, resource limitation, pollen donation and selective fruit abortion have all been proposed as processes explaining why hermaphroditic plants commonly produce many more flowers than mature fruit. We conducted a series of experiments in Arizona to investigate low fruit-to-flower ratios in senita cacti, which rely exclusively on pollinating seed-consumers. Selective abortion of fruit based on seed predators is of particular interest in this case because plants relying on pollinating seed-consumers are predicted to have such a mechanism to minimize seed loss. Pollinator attraction and pollen dispersal increased with flower number, but fruit set did not, refuting the hypothesis that excess flowers increase fruit set by attracting more pollinators. Fruit set of natural- and hand-pollinated flowers were not different, supporting the resource, rather than pollen, limitation hypothesis. Senita did abort fruit, but not selectively based on pollen quantity, pollen donors, or seed predators. Collectively, these results are consistent with sex allocation theory in that resource allocation to excess flower production can increase pollen dispersal and the male fitness function of flowers, but consequently results in reduced resources available for fruit set. Inconsistent with sex allocation theory, however, fruit production and the female fitness function of flowers may actually increase with flower production. This is because excess flower production lowers pollinator-to-flower ratios and results in fruit abortion, both of which limit the abundance and hence oviposition rates, of pre-dispersal seed predators.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.13058.x","usgsCitation":"Holland, J.N., Bronstein, J.L., and DeAngelis, D., 2004, Testing hypotheses for excess flower production and low fruit-to-flower ratios in a pollinating seed-consuming mutualism: Oikos, v. 105, no. 3, p. 633-640, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.13058.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"633","endPage":"640","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313948,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.0987548828125,\n 31.798224014917242\n ],\n [\n -113.0987548828125,\n 32.21280106801518\n ],\n [\n -112.56591796875,\n 32.21280106801518\n ],\n [\n -112.56591796875,\n 31.798224014917242\n ],\n [\n -113.0987548828125,\n 31.798224014917242\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"105","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-05-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"568e4934e4b0e7a44bc41ab3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holland, J. Nathaniel","contributorId":49912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holland","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Nathaniel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bronstein, Judith L.","contributorId":66084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bronstein","given":"Judith","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DeAngelis, Donald L. 0000-0002-1570-4057 don_deangelis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":147289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"Donald L.","email":"don_deangelis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":587819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":54158,"text":"wri034336 - 2004 - Results of a Two-Dimensional Hydrodynamic and Sediment-Transport Model to Predict the Effects of the Phased Construction and Operation of the Olmsted Locks and Dam on the Ohio River near Olmsted, Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:11","indexId":"wri034336","displayToPublicDate":"2004-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4336","title":"Results of a Two-Dimensional Hydrodynamic and Sediment-Transport Model to Predict the Effects of the Phased Construction and Operation of the Olmsted Locks and Dam on the Ohio River near Olmsted, Illinois","docAbstract":"The Olmsted two-dimensional hydrodynamic and sediment-transport model was developed in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Louisville District. The model was used to estimate the effects that the phased-construction sequence and operation of the Olmsted Locks and Dam had on sediment-transport patterns in the 11.9-mile study reach (Ohio River miles 962.6 to 974.5), particularly over an area of endangered orange-footed pearly mussel (Plethobasus cooperianus) beds beginning approximately 2 miles downstream of the dam construction. A Resource Management Associates?2 (RMA-2) two-dimensional hydrodynamic model for the reach was calibrated to a middle-flow hydraulic survey (350,000 cubic feet per second) and verified with data collected during low- and high-flow hydraulic surveys (72,500 and 770,000 cubic feet per second, respectively). The calibration and validation process included matching water-surface elevations at the construction site and velocity profiles at 15 cross sections throughout the study reach.\r\n\r\nThe sediment-transport aspect of the project was simulated with the Waterways Experiment Station's Sed2D model for a 6-year planned-construction period (construction-phase modeling) and a subsequent 3-year operational period (operational-phase modeling). The sediment-transport results from the construction and operational models both were compared to results of concurrent baseline simulations to determine the changes in erosional and depositional patterns induced by the dam construction and operation throughout the study reach and more importantly over the area of the endangered mussel beds. \r\n\r\nSimulation of the phased-in-the-wet Olmsted Locks and Dam construction and subsequent operation period resulted in a maximum additional deposition of approximately 2 feet over a localized region of the mussel beds when compared to the bed change simulated with baseline conditions (river conditions that included only the completed locks section). Most areas on the mussel beds experienced less than 0.5 feet of cumulative bed change between the baseline and construction phases during the nine annual hydrographs. The bed change over the 9 year Olmsted Locks and Dam simulation reveals a continuous downstream progression and deepening of the main channel and deposition along the right bank with limited lateral migration toward the more densely populated mussel-bed areas. The sensitivity of the mussels to sediment deposition is difficult to quantify; therefore, the effect of simulated deposition on the welfare of the mussels is uncertain. The model also will provide the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers a tool to predict the locations of high deposition in navigable sections, which can save engineers time and resources when monitoring the need for dredging operations.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri034336","usgsCitation":"Wagner, C., 2004, Results of a Two-Dimensional Hydrodynamic and Sediment-Transport Model to Predict the Effects of the Phased Construction and Operation of the Olmsted Locks and Dam on the Ohio River near Olmsted, Illinois (Online only): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4336, 68 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034336.","productDescription":"68 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5604,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034336/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":184138,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Online only","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625495","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wagner, Chad R. 0000-0002-9602-7413 cwagner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9602-7413","contributorId":1530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Chad R.","email":"cwagner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38131,"text":"WMA - Office of Planning and Programming","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":249353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":54215,"text":"wri034334 - 2004 - Analysis of streamflow and water-quality data at two long-term monitoring sites on the St. Croix River, Wisconsin and Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-13T11:38:18","indexId":"wri034334","displayToPublicDate":"2004-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4334","title":"Analysis of streamflow and water-quality data at two long-term monitoring sites on the St. Croix River, Wisconsin and Minnesota","docAbstract":"Streamflow of the St. Croix River has been monitored on a long-term basis by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) at streamflow-gaging stations on the St. Croix River at Wisconsin State Highway 35 near Danbury, Wisconsin and below the dam at St. Croix Falls, Wisconsin. Trend analysis indicates that annual streamflow peaks, annual mean flows, and annual 7-day low flows have remained relatively stable at the Danbury (upstream) station from 1914 to 2001 but have increased by 0.45 to 0.55 percent per year at the St. Croix Falls (downstream) station from 1902 to 2001.
\nWater-quality sampling conducted by the USGS at two associated water-quality monitoring sites from 1964 to 2001 have included analysis for nutrients, suspended sediments, metals, bacteria, and pesticides. The water-quality data at the two sites had considerable temporal variation and was often limited in extent by the data-collection needs of previous projects. The absence of consistent long-term water-quality data made detection of statistically significant trends in the water-quality data difficult. Nutrient, suspended-sediment, and major ion concentrations and field parameters were generally higher and more variable at the St. Croix Falls site than at the Danbury site. However, disparate sampling periods and strategies could cause possible biases in the comparison of water quality between sites. Access data at http://wi.waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri034334","usgsCitation":"Lenz, B.N., 2004, Analysis of streamflow and water-quality data at two long-term monitoring sites on the St. Croix River, Wisconsin and Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4334, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034334.","productDescription":"8 p.","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":181613,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5328,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034334/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":311299,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri034334/pdf/wrir-03-4334.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"St. Croix River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.22448730468749,\n 44.465151013519616\n ],\n [\n -93.22448730468749,\n 46.05417324177818\n ],\n [\n -91.461181640625,\n 46.05417324177818\n ],\n [\n -91.461181640625,\n 44.465151013519616\n ],\n [\n -93.22448730468749,\n 44.465151013519616\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad0e4b07f02db680aab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lenz, Bernard N.","contributorId":85170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lenz","given":"Bernard","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":249551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":54242,"text":"fs20043035 - 2004 - Sources of ancient maize found in Chacoan great houses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:56","indexId":"fs20043035","displayToPublicDate":"2004-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-3035","title":"Sources of ancient maize found in Chacoan great houses","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs20043035","usgsCitation":"Benson, L.V., 2004, Sources of ancient maize found in Chacoan great houses: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2004-3035, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20043035.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5350,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/fs20043035/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":126313,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2004_3035.bmp"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db6980c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benson, Larry V. lbenson@usgs.gov","contributorId":1655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"Larry","email":"lbenson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":249635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":54033,"text":"cir1230 - 2004 - Water quality in the upper Illinois River basin: Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin, 1999-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-06T21:55:19.051975","indexId":"cir1230","displayToPublicDate":"2004-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1230","title":"Water quality in the upper Illinois River basin: Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin, 1999-2001","docAbstract":"This report contains the major findings of a 1999?2001 assessment of water quality in the upper Illinois River Basin. It is one of a series of reports by the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program that present major findings in 51 major river basins and aquifer systems across the Nation.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nIn these reports, water quality is discussed in terms of local, State, and regional issues. Conditions in a particular basin or aquifer system are compared to conditions found elsewhere and to selected national benchmarks, such as those for drinking-water quality and the protection of aquatic organisms.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nThis report is intended for individuals working with water-resource issues in Federal, State, or local agencies, universities, public-interest groups, or in the private sector. The information will be useful in addressing a number of current issues, such as the effects of agricultural and urban land use on water quality, human health, drinking water, source-water protection, hypoxia and excessive growth of algae and plants, pesticide registration, and monitoring and sampling strategies. This report also is for individuals who wish to know more about the quality of streams and ground water in areas near where they live, and how that water quality compares to the quality of water in other areas across the Nation.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nThe water-quality conditions in the upper Illinois River Basin summarized in this report are discussed in detail in other reports that can be accessed from (http://il.water.usgs.gov/nawqa/uirb). Detailed technical information, data and analyses, collection and analytical methodology, models, graphs, and maps that support the findings presented in this report in addition to reports in this series from other basins can be accessed from the national NAWQA Web site at\r\n(http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir1230","usgsCitation":"Groschen, G.E., Arnold, T., Harris, M.A., Dupre, D.H., Fitzpatrick, F.A., Scudder, B.C., Morrow, W.S., Terrio, P.J., Warner, K., and Murphy, E., 2004, Water quality in the upper Illinois River basin: Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin, 1999-2001: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1230, vi, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1230.","productDescription":"vi, 32 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":174496,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5475,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/circ1230","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":406281,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68274.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"upper Illinois River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89,\n 40.4222\n ],\n [\n -86,\n 40.4222\n ],\n [\n -86,\n 43.1667\n ],\n [\n -89,\n 43.1667\n ],\n [\n -89,\n 40.4222\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd3c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Groschen, George E.","contributorId":99132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Groschen","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arnold, Terri 0000-0003-1406-6054 tlarnold@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-6054","contributorId":1598,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arnold","given":"Terri","email":"tlarnold@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35680,"text":"Illinois-Iowa-Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":248979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harris, Mitchell A. maharris@usgs.gov","contributorId":1382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Mitchell","email":"maharris@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":248978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dupre, David H. dhdupre@usgs.gov","contributorId":2782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dupre","given":"David","email":"dhdupre@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fitzpatrick, Faith A. fafitzpa@usgs.gov","contributorId":1182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"Faith","email":"fafitzpa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":248977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Scudder, Barbara C.","contributorId":100319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scudder","given":"Barbara","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Morrow, William S. 0000-0002-2250-3165 wsmorrow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2250-3165","contributorId":1886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrow","given":"William","email":"wsmorrow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Terrio, Paul J. 0000-0002-1515-9570 pjterrio@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1515-9570","contributorId":3313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terrio","given":"Paul","email":"pjterrio@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Warner, Kelly L. klwarner@usgs.gov","contributorId":655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"Kelly L.","email":"klwarner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Murphy, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":69660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Elizabeth A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":54148,"text":"b2209H - 2004 - Stratiform barite deposits in the Roberts Mountains allochthon, Nevada: A review of potential analogs in modern sea-floor environments","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":54148,"text":"b2209H - 2004 - Stratiform barite deposits in the Roberts Mountains allochthon, Nevada: A review of potential analogs in modern sea-floor environments","indexId":"b2209H","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"chapter":"H","title":"Stratiform barite deposits in the Roberts Mountains allochthon, Nevada: A review of potential analogs in modern sea-floor environments"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":44273,"text":"b2209 - 2003 - Contributions to Industrial-Minerals Research","indexId":"b2209","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Contributions to Industrial-Minerals Research"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":44273,"text":"b2209 - 2003 - Contributions to Industrial-Minerals Research","indexId":"b2209","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Contributions to Industrial-Minerals Research"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-13T19:55:27.103051","indexId":"b2209H","displayToPublicDate":"2004-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2209","chapter":"H","title":"Stratiform barite deposits in the Roberts Mountains allochthon, Nevada: A review of potential analogs in modern sea-floor environments","docAbstract":"The United States is a net importer of barite, a critical mineral for the oil and gas industry; more than 80 percent of current domestic consumption of barite is imported from China. Nearly all of the domestic production of barite comes from stratiform deposits in Nevada. The 'modern analogs' approach adopted in this review can contribute to improving deposit models and the long-term resource picture in the United States.\r\n\r\nMassive barite deposits in Nevada are interlayered with deep-water siliceous sedimentary strata of Paleozoic age within the Roberts Mountains Allochthon. Although the barite deposits formed along the long-lived, tectonically active margin of western North America before the Antler orogeny, uncertainty still exists regarding key aspects of their genesis, especially with respect to tectonic setting and depositional processes. Proposed tectonic settings include a continental slope adjacent to an ocean basin, and a rifted basin formed on continental crust. A margin dominated by other stress configurations\r\nand strike-slip faulting may also have been present during the Paleozoic. Hypotheses for the genesis of sediment-hosted, stratiform barite deposits in Nevada can be grouped into two categories: (1) a synsedimentary hydrothermal model and (2) an ocean-circulation/productivity-zone model. Both models include a stage involving bacterial reduction of seawater sulfate.\r\n\r\nDisseminated, diagenetic, and hydrothermal barite deposits are widespread features of the modern ocean. In the Pacific Ocean, disseminated barite deposits (max 9 weight percent BaSO4) are forming below high-productivity zones (for example, in equatorial belts) and on the flanks of ocean ridges (as fallout of 'black smoker' particles). Massive barite deposits of diagenetic (in the subsea floor and at cold seeps) and hydrothermal origins are present in several sediment-covered tectonic settings, including ocean ridges (Escanaba Trough and Guaymas Basin), oceanic transform faults (Blanco Fracture Zone), marginal basins (Sea of Okhotsk), convergent margins (Peru, Oregon, Alaska), and transform margins (California Continental Borderland). Both hydrothermal and diagenetic barite deposits may be present in some environments (for example, the California California Borderland).\r\n\r\nOn the basis of a consideration of tectonic settings and a comparison of deposit attributes (associated rock types, size, structure), mineralogy (BaSO4 content, SiO2 content), and geochemistry (S- and Sr-isotopic ratios) for modern and ancient massive barite deposits, cold seeps along transform margins (or, possibly, marginal basins) represent the most promising present-day metallogenetic analogs for stratiform barite. Hydrothermal systems can also produce high-grade barite, but the ubiquity of associated sulfide mineralization on the modern sea floor (and the paucity of sulfides in Nevada deposits) is problematic. On the basis of data from modern barite deposits, the presence of vent-specific faunas (tubeworms) and the variation in d34S values for barite (related to bacterial reduction of seawater sulfate) may not permit discrimination between a diagenetic or hydrothermal origin for ancient barite deposits.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to Industrial-Minerals Research (Bulletin 2209)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/b2209H","usgsCitation":"Koski, R.A., and Hein, J.R., 2004, Stratiform barite deposits in the Roberts Mountains allochthon, Nevada: A review of potential analogs in modern sea-floor environments (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2209, iii, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2209H.","productDescription":"iii, 17 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":658,"text":"Western Mineral Resources","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":184951,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5594,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b2209-h/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":402121,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_66121.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.30078125,\n 36.86204269508728\n ],\n [\n -114.169921875,\n 36.86204269508728\n ],\n [\n -114.169921875,\n 41.83682786072714\n ],\n [\n -118.30078125,\n 41.83682786072714\n ],\n [\n -118.30078125,\n 36.86204269508728\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e565f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koski, Randolph A. rkoski@usgs.gov","contributorId":2949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koski","given":"Randolph","email":"rkoski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":249334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hein, James R. 0000-0002-5321-899X jhein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5321-899X","contributorId":2828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hein","given":"James","email":"jhein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":249333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":53845,"text":"cir1234 - 2004 - Water quality in the Yellowstone River Basin, Wyoming, Montana, and North Dakota, 1999-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:55","indexId":"cir1234","displayToPublicDate":"2004-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1234","title":"Water quality in the Yellowstone River Basin, Wyoming, Montana, and North Dakota, 1999-2001","docAbstract":"This report contains the major findings of a 1999?2001 assessment of water quality in the Yellowstone River Basin. It is one of a series of reports by the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program that present major findings in 51 major river basins and aquifer systems across the Nation. \r\n\r\nIn these reports, water quality is discussed in terms of local, State, and regional issues. Conditions in a particular basin or aquifer system are compared to conditions found elsewhere and to selected national benchmarks, such as those for drinking-water quality and the protection of aquatic organisms. \r\n\r\nThis report is intended for individuals working with water-resource issues in Federal, State, or local agencies, universities, public interest groups, or in the private sector. The information will be useful in addressing a number of current issues, such as the effects of agricultural and urban land use on water quality, human health, drinking water, source-water protection, hypoxia and excessive growth of algae and plants, pesticide registration, and monitoring and sampling strategies. This report also is for individuals who wish to know more about the quality of streams and ground water in areas near where they live, and how that water quality compares to the quality of water in other areas across the Nation.\r\n\r\nThe water-quality conditions in the Yellowstone River Basin summarized in this report are discussed in detail in other reports that can be accessed from http://wy.water.usgs.gov/YELL/index.htm. Detailed technical information, data and analyses, collection and analytical methodology, models, graphs, and maps that support the findings presented in this report, in addition to reports in this series from other basins, can be accessed from the national NAWQA Web site (http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa).","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/cir1234","isbn":"0607926562","usgsCitation":"Peterson, D.A., Bartos, T.T., Clark, M.L., Miller, K.A., Porter, S.D., and Quinn, T.L., 2004, Water quality in the Yellowstone River Basin, Wyoming, Montana, and North Dakota, 1999-2001: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1234, vi, 34 p. : col. ill., col. maps ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1234.","productDescription":"vi, 34 p. : col. ill., col. maps ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":125079,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/cir_1234.jpg"},{"id":5276,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/circ1234/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f9a34","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, David A. davep@usgs.gov","contributorId":1742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"David","email":"davep@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":248480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bartos, Timothy T. 0000-0003-1803-4375 ttbartos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1803-4375","contributorId":1826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartos","given":"Timothy","email":"ttbartos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clark, Melanie L. mlclark@usgs.gov","contributorId":1827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Melanie","email":"mlclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, Kirk A. 0000-0002-8141-2001 kmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8141-2001","contributorId":3959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Kirk","email":"kmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Porter, Stephen D.","contributorId":16429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Porter","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Quinn, Thomas L.","contributorId":88812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quinn","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":53852,"text":"sir20045026 - 2004 - Estimating Monthly, Annual, and Low 7-Day, 10-Year Streamflows for Ungaged Rivers in Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:43","indexId":"sir20045026","displayToPublicDate":"2004-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5026","title":"Estimating Monthly, Annual, and Low 7-Day, 10-Year Streamflows for Ungaged Rivers in Maine","docAbstract":"Regression equations to estimate monthly, annual, and low 7-day, 10-year (7Q10) streamflows were derived for rivers in Maine. The derived regression equations for estimating mean monthly, mean annual, median monthly, median annual, and low 7Q10 streamflows for ungaged rivers in Maine presented in this report supersede those derived in previous studies. \r\n\r\nTwenty-six U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging stations on unregulated, rural rivers in Maine with 10 years or more of recorded streamflow were used to develop the regression equations. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression techniques were used to select the explanatory variables (basin and climatic characteristics) that would appear in the final regression equations. OLS regression of all possible subsets was done with 62 explanatory variables for each of 27 response variables. Five explanatory variables were chosen for the final regression equations: drainage basin area, areal fraction of the drainage basin underlain by sand and gravel aquifers, distance from the coast to the drainage basin centroid, mean drainage basin annual precipitation, and mean drainage basin winter precipitation (the sum of mean monthly precipitation for December, January, and February). Generalized least-squares regression techniques were used to derive the final coefficients and measures of uncertainty for the regression equations.\r\n\r\nThe forms of many of the derived regression equations indicate some physical, mechanistic processes. Drainage basin area is the most statistically important explanatory variable and appears in all derived regression equations. Monthly streamflows are related inversely to the distance from the coast to the drainage basin centroid during December, January, February, and March; that is, the closer a river basin is to the coast, the higher monthly streamflows are per unit drainage basin area during the winter. The relation reverses in May when higher streamflows are attributed to basins farther from the coast. These relations are consistent with colder, inland drainage basins storing more water in snowpack during the winter and releasing it in the spring. The monthly streamflows (and low 7Q10) during July, August, September, and October are related positively to areal fraction of the drainage basin underlain by sand and gravel aquifers. In general, sand and gravel aquifers underlying Maine river basins have excellent water-yielding characteristics and can provide water to streams during low-flow conditions in the summer and early fall.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20045026","usgsCitation":"Dudley, R.W., 2004, Estimating Monthly, Annual, and Low 7-Day, 10-Year Streamflows for Ungaged Rivers in Maine: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5026, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045026.","productDescription":"30 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":4686,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir2004-5026/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":177665,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc9d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dudley, Robert W. 0000-0002-0934-0568 rwdudley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0934-0568","contributorId":2223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dudley","given":"Robert","email":"rwdudley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":54108,"text":"cir1238 - 2004 - Water Quality in the Santa Ana Basin, California, 1999-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:38","indexId":"cir1238","displayToPublicDate":"2004-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1238","title":"Water Quality in the Santa Ana Basin, California, 1999-2001","docAbstract":"This report contains the major findings of a 1999-2001 assessment of water quality in the Santa Ana River Basin. It is one of a series of reports by the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program that present major findings in 51 major river basins and aquifer systems across the Nation.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nIn these reports, water quality is discussed in terms of local, State, and regional issues. Conditions in a particular basin or aquifer system are compared to conditions found elsewhere and to selected national benchmarks, such as those for drinking-water quality and the protection of aquatic organisms.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nThis report is intended for individuals working with water-resource issues in Federal, State, or local agencies, universities, public interest groups, or in the private sector. The information will be useful in addressing a number of current issues, such as the effects of agricultural and urban land use on water quality, human health, drinking water, source-water protection, hypoxia and excessive growth of algae and plants, pesticide registration, and monitoring and sampling strategies. This report is also for individuals who wish to know more about the quality of streams and ground water in areas near where they live and how that water quality compares to other areas across the Nation.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nThe water-quality conditions in the Santa Ana River Basin summarized in this report are discussed\r\nin detail in other reports that can be accessed from http://ca.water.usgs.gov/ sana_nawqa/. Detailed technical information, data and analyses, collection and analytical methodology, models, graphs, and maps that support the findings presented in this report in addition to other reports in this series from other basins can be accessed from the national NAWQA Web site (http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa).","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/cir1238","isbn":"0607964073","usgsCitation":"Belitz, K., Hamlin, S.N., Burton, C., Kent, R., Fay, R.G., and Johnson, T.D., 2004, Water Quality in the Santa Ana Basin, California, 1999-2001: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1238, vi, 37 p. : col. ill., col. maps ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1238.","productDescription":"vi, 37 p. : col. ill., col. maps ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":178112,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5547,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/circ1238/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa55e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345 kbelitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbelitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":249218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hamlin, Scott N.","contributorId":27040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamlin","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burton, Carmen A. 0000-0002-6381-8833","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6381-8833","contributorId":41793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burton","given":"Carmen A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kent, Robert 0000-0003-4174-9467","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4174-9467","contributorId":20005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kent","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fay, Ronald G.","contributorId":78808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fay","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnson, Tyler D. 0000-0002-7334-9188 tyjohns@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7334-9188","contributorId":1440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Tyler","email":"tyjohns@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":249219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":54041,"text":"ofr20041030 - 2004 - Potentiometric Surface of the Upper Floridan Aquifer in the Coastal Area of Georgia, September 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-07T16:22:29","indexId":"ofr20041030","displayToPublicDate":"2004-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1030","title":"Potentiometric Surface of the Upper Floridan Aquifer in the Coastal Area of Georgia, September 2000","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041030","usgsCitation":"Peck, M., and McFadden, K.W., 2004, Potentiometric Surface of the Upper Floridan Aquifer in the Coastal Area of Georgia, September 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1030, 1 oversized page, 34 x 44 inches; , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041030.","productDescription":"1 oversized page, 34 x 44 inches; ","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":174796,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5483,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr20041030/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Upper Floridan Aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.71307373046874,\n 35.67068501330236\n ],\n [\n -83.71307373046874,\n 35.67068501330236\n ],\n [\n -83.7103271484375,\n 35.67068501330236\n ],\n [\n -83.7103271484375,\n 35.67068501330236\n ],\n [\n -83.71307373046874,\n 35.67068501330236\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.4251708984375,\n 32.80574473290688\n ],\n [\n -82.166748046875,\n 33.00405687168934\n ],\n [\n -82.628173828125,\n 32.84267363195431\n ],\n [\n -82.94677734375,\n 31.868227816180674\n ],\n [\n -82.6171875,\n 30.935212690426727\n ],\n [\n -82.452392578125,\n 30.68988785772121\n ],\n [\n -82.11181640625,\n 30.59536556558809\n ],\n [\n -82.0458984375,\n 30.675715404167743\n ],\n [\n -82.0458984375,\n 30.746556862773616\n ],\n [\n -82.012939453125,\n 30.798474179567823\n ],\n [\n -81.97448730468749,\n 30.798474179567823\n ],\n [\n -81.9305419921875,\n 30.845647420182598\n ],\n [\n -81.9085693359375,\n 30.826780904779774\n ],\n [\n -81.82617187499999,\n 30.774878871959746\n ],\n [\n -81.727294921875,\n 30.755998458321667\n ],\n [\n -81.617431640625,\n 30.72294882477251\n ],\n [\n -81.5185546875,\n 30.661540870820918\n ],\n [\n -81.419677734375,\n 30.652090026760014\n ],\n [\n -81.4141845703125,\n 30.855079286968596\n ],\n [\n -81.39770507812499,\n 30.954057859276126\n ],\n [\n -81.39770507812499,\n 31.076460800121122\n ],\n [\n -81.30432128906249,\n 31.18930843952816\n ],\n [\n -81.2713623046875,\n 31.316101383495624\n ],\n [\n -81.265869140625,\n 31.39584654193847\n ],\n [\n -81.1834716796875,\n 31.50362930577303\n ],\n [\n -80.7879638671875,\n 32.01273389791075\n ],\n [\n -80.936279296875,\n 32.04998888314202\n ],\n [\n -81.05712890625,\n 32.07792017378829\n ],\n [\n -81.1285400390625,\n 32.20350534542368\n ],\n [\n -81.1669921875,\n 32.24997445586331\n ],\n [\n -81.123046875,\n 32.282488692700504\n ],\n [\n -81.14501953125,\n 32.34748220321868\n ],\n [\n -81.221923828125,\n 32.4263401615464\n ],\n [\n -81.1834716796875,\n 32.45879106783458\n ],\n [\n -81.298828125,\n 32.560703522325156\n ],\n [\n -81.4141845703125,\n 32.588477769459146\n ],\n [\n -81.38671875,\n 32.68099643258195\n ],\n [\n -81.4306640625,\n 32.72721987021932\n ],\n [\n -81.4031982421875,\n 32.76880048488168\n ],\n [\n -81.4251708984375,\n 32.80574473290688\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad4e4b07f02db683285","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peck, Michael F. mfpeck@usgs.gov","contributorId":1467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peck","given":"Michael F.","email":"mfpeck@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McFadden, Keith W. keithmc@usgs.gov","contributorId":1446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McFadden","given":"Keith","email":"keithmc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":249012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":54047,"text":"cir1236 - 2004 - Water Quality in the Great Salt Lake Basins, Utah, Idaho, and Wyoming, 1998-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:55","indexId":"cir1236","displayToPublicDate":"2004-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1236","title":"Water Quality in the Great Salt Lake Basins, Utah, Idaho, and Wyoming, 1998-2001","docAbstract":"This report contains the major findings of a 1998-2001 assessment of water quality in the Great Salt Lake Basins. It is one of a series of reports by the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program that present major findings in 51 major river basins and aquifer systems across the Nation.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nIn these reports, water quality is discussed in terms of local, State, and regional issues. Conditions in a particular basin or aquifer system are compared to conditions found elsewhere and to selected national benchmarks, such as those for drinking-water quality and the protection of aquatic organisms.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nThis report is intended for individuals working with water-resource issues in Federal, State, or local agencies, universities, public interest groups, or in the private sector. The information will be useful in addressing a number of current issues, such as the effects of agricultural and urban land use on water quality, human health, drinking water, source-water protection, hypoxia and excessive growth of algae and plants, pesticide registration, and monitoring and sampling strategies. This report is also for individuals who wish to know more about the quality of streams and ground water in areas near where they live, and how that water quality compares to water quality in other areas across the Nation.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nThe water-quality conditions in the Great Salt Lake Basins summarized in this report are discussed in detail in other reports that can be accessed at http://ut.water.usgs.gov. Detailed technical information, data and analyses, collection and analytical methodology, models, graphs, and maps that support the findings presented in this report in addition to reports in this series from other basins can be accessed at the national NAWQA Web site http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/cir1236","usgsCitation":"Waddell, K.M., Gerner, S.J., Thiros, S.A., Giddings, E.M., Baskin, R.L., Cederberg, J.R., and Albano, C., 2004, Water Quality in the Great Salt Lake Basins, Utah, Idaho, and Wyoming, 1998-2001: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1236, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1236.","productDescription":"46 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5489,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/circ1236/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":125144,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/cir_1236.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd3a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waddell, Kidd M.","contributorId":20720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddell","given":"Kidd","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gerner, Steven J. 0000-0002-5701-1304 sjgerner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5701-1304","contributorId":972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerner","given":"Steven","email":"sjgerner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":249044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thiros, Susan A. 0000-0002-8544-553X sthiros@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8544-553X","contributorId":965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thiros","given":"Susan","email":"sthiros@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":249043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Giddings, Elise M.","contributorId":79164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giddings","given":"Elise","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Baskin, Robert L. 0000-0002-2175-8502 rbaskin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2175-8502","contributorId":360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baskin","given":"Robert","email":"rbaskin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":249041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cederberg, Jay R. 0000-0001-6649-7353 cederber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6649-7353","contributorId":964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cederberg","given":"Jay","email":"cederber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":249042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Albano, Christine M.","contributorId":17681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Albano","given":"Christine M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":54132,"text":"cir1232 - 2004 - Water quality in the Acadian-Pontchartrain drainages: Louisiana and Mississippi, 1999–2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-15T20:36:44.943796","indexId":"cir1232","displayToPublicDate":"2004-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1232","title":"Water quality in the Acadian-Pontchartrain drainages: Louisiana and Mississippi, 1999–2001","docAbstract":"This report contains the major findings of a 1999-2001 assessment of water quality in the Acadian-Pontchartrain Drainages Study Unit. It is one of a series of reports by the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program that present major findings in 51 major river basins and aquifer systems across the Nation. In these reports, water quality is discussed in terms of local, State, and regional issues. Conditions in a particular basin or aquifer system are compared to conditions found elsewhere and to selected national benchmarks, such as those for drinking-water quality and the protection of aquatic organisms. This report is intended for individuals working with water-resource issues in Federal, State, or local agencies, universities, public interest groups, or in the private sector. The information will be useful in addressing a number of current issues, such as the effects of agricultural and urban land use on water quality, human health, drinking water, source-water protection, hypoxia and excessive growth of algae and plants, pesticide registration, and monitoring and sampling strategies. This report also is for individuals who wish to know more about the quality of streams and ground water in areas near where they live, and how that water quality compares to other areas across the Nation. The water-quality conditions in the Acadian-Pontchartrain Drainages Study Unit summarized in this report are discussed in detail in other reports that can be accessed from (http://la.water.usgs.gov/nawqa/default.htm). Detailed technical information, data and analyses, collection and analytical methodology, models, graphs, and maps that support the findings presented in this report in addition to other reports in this series from other basins can be accessed from the national NAWQA Web site (http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir1232","usgsCitation":"Demcheck, D.K., Tollett, R.W., Mize, S.V., Skrobialowski, S.C., Fendick, R., Swarzenski, C.M., and Porter, S., 2004, Water quality in the Acadian-Pontchartrain drainages: Louisiana and Mississippi, 1999–2001: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1232, vi, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1232.","productDescription":"vi, 41 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124376,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/cir_1232.jpg"},{"id":403868,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_70813.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":5579,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/circ1232","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana, Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Acadian-Ponchartrain drainages","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.5833,\n 29\n ],\n [\n -88.8092,\n 29\n ],\n [\n -88.8092,\n 31.5\n ],\n [\n -93.5833,\n 31.5\n ],\n [\n -93.5833,\n 29\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4affe4b07f02db697c11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Demcheck, Dennis K. 0000-0003-2981-078X ddemchec@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2981-078X","contributorId":3273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demcheck","given":"Dennis","email":"ddemchec@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":249294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tollett, Roland W. 0000-0002-4726-5845 rtollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4726-5845","contributorId":1896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tollett","given":"Roland","email":"rtollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":249292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mize, Scott V. 0000-0001-6751-5568 svmize@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6751-5568","contributorId":2997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mize","given":"Scott","email":"svmize@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":249293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Skrobialowski, Stanley C. 0000-0001-8627-0279 sski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8627-0279","contributorId":1402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skrobialowski","given":"Stanley","email":"sski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":249291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fendick, Robert B. Jr. rfendick@usgs.gov","contributorId":1313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fendick","given":"Robert B.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"rfendick@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":249290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Swarzenski, Christopher M. 0000-0001-9843-1471 cswarzen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9843-1471","contributorId":656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swarzenski","given":"Christopher","email":"cswarzen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":249289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Porter, Stephen","contributorId":107767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Porter","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70210250,"text":"70210250 - 2004 - Calcein AM release-based cytotoxic cell assay for fish leucocytes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-26T18:08:55.712534","indexId":"70210250","displayToPublicDate":"2004-05-26T13:02:46","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1653,"text":"Fish and Shellfish Immunology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Calcein AM release-based cytotoxic cell assay for fish leucocytes","docAbstract":"A non-specific cytotoxic cell assay for fish is presented that is based on the release of the activated fluorochrome calcein AM from lysed carp epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells. To establish the suitability of treating EPC cells with calcein AM the uptake and spontaneous release of the calcein AM by the EPC cells was evaluated. Incubation of 5 μM calcein AM in culture medium with 1×105EPC cells well−1for a minimum of 3 h provided sufficient labelling. Spontaneous release of fluorescence from the labelled EPC cells during 10 h of post labelling incubation ranged from 30 to 39% of the total observed fluorescence. Cytotoxic activity of trout leucocytes was evaluated at three leucocyte to target cell ratios (10:1, 2:1 and 1:1) following incubation (4, 6, 8, and 10 h) with calcein AM-labelled EPC cells at 15 °C. In some instances, the monoclonal antibody specific for the NCC surface receptor NCCRP-1 (MAb5C.6) was included in the cultures. The activity of NCC cells was significantly inhibited in the presence of 0.25 μg well−1of MAb5C.6 relative to no antibody (P≤0.013) or an equal amount of an unrelated antibody (P≤0.001). Average maximum observed percent cytotoxic cell activity of ∼18% was observed following 8 h of incubation at the 2:1 and 1:1 leucocyte to target cell ratios. Percent cytotoxic cell activity using calcein AM was similar to values reported for rainbow trout leucocytes using the 51Cr-release assay.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S1050-4648(03)00056-1","usgsCitation":"Iwanowicz, L.R., Densmore, C.L., and Ottinger, C.A., 2004, Calcein AM release-based cytotoxic cell assay for fish leucocytes: Fish and Shellfish Immunology, v. 16, no. 2, p. 127-137, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1050-4648(03)00056-1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"127","endPage":"137","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375034,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Iwanowicz, Luke R. 0000-0002-1197-6178 liwanowicz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1197-6178","contributorId":190787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwanowicz","given":"Luke","email":"liwanowicz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":789752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Densmore, Christine L. 0000-0001-6440-0781 cdensmore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6440-0781","contributorId":4560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Densmore","given":"Christine","email":"cdensmore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":789753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ottinger, Christopher A. 0000-0003-2551-1985 cottinger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2551-1985","contributorId":2559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ottinger","given":"Christopher","email":"cottinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":789754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70185647,"text":"70185647 - 2004 - Chemical characterization and sorption capacity measurements of degraded newsprint from a landfill","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-26T14:06:35","indexId":"70185647","displayToPublicDate":"2004-05-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemical characterization and sorption capacity measurements of degraded newsprint from a landfill","docAbstract":"Newsprint samples collected from 12−16 ft (top layer (TNP)), 20−24 ft (middle layer (MNP)), and 32−36 ft (bottom layer (BNP)) below the surface of the Norman Landfill (NLF) were characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy, cross-polarization, magic-angle spinning 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (CP-MAS 13C NMR) spectroscopy, and tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) thermochemolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The extent of NLF newsprint degradation was evaluated by comparing the chemical composition of NLF newsprint to that of fresh newsprint (FNP) and newsprint degraded in the laboratory under methanogenic conditions (DNP). The O-alkyl/alkyl, cellulose/lignin, and lignin/resin acid ratios showed that BNP was the most degraded, and that all three NLF newsprint samples were more degraded than DNP. 13C NMR and TMAH thermochemolysis data demonstrated selective enrichment of lignin over cellulose, and TMAH thermochemolysis further exhibited selective enrichment of resin acids over lignin. In addition, the crystallinity of cellulose in NLF newsprint samples was significantly lower relative to that of FNP and DNP as shown by 13C NMR spectra. The yield of lignin monomers from TMAH thermochemolysis suggested that hydroxyl groups were removed from the propyl side chain of lignin during the anaerobic decomposition of newsprint in the NLF. Moreover, the vanillyl acid/aldehyde ratio, which successfully describes aerobic lignin degradation, was not a good indicator of the anaerobic degradation of lignin on the basis of the TMAH data. The toluene sorption capacity increased as the degree of newsprint degradation increased or as the O-alkyl/alkyl ratio of newsprint decreased. The results of this study further verified that the sorbent O-alkyl/alkyl ratio is useful for predicting sorption capacities of natural organic materials for hydrophobic organic contaminants.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es0305914","usgsCitation":"Chen, L., Nanny, M.A., Knappe, D.R., Wagner, T.B., and Ratasuk, N., 2004, Chemical characterization and sorption capacity measurements of degraded newsprint from a landfill: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 38, no. 13, p. 3542-3550, https://doi.org/10.1021/es0305914.","productDescription":"9 p. ","startPage":"3542","endPage":"3550","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338347,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-05-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58da251be4b0543bf7fda806","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chen, Lixia","contributorId":189836,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Lixia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nanny, Mark A.","contributorId":189367,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nanny","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knappe, Detlef R. U.","contributorId":189837,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knappe","given":"Detlef","email":"","middleInitial":"R. U.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wagner, Travis B.","contributorId":189838,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wagner","given":"Travis","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ratasuk, Nopawan","contributorId":189368,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ratasuk","given":"Nopawan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70179486,"text":"70179486 - 2004 - U.S. stream flow measurement and data dissemination improve","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T14:04:09","indexId":"70179486","displayToPublicDate":"2004-05-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"U.S. stream flow measurement and data dissemination improve","docAbstract":"Stream flow information is essential for many important uses across a broad range of scales, including global water balances, engineering design, flood forecasting, reservoir operations, navigation, water supply, recreation, and environmental management. Growing populations and competing priorities for water, including preservation and restoration of aquatic habitat, are spurring demand for more accurate, timely, and accessible water data.To be most useful, stream flow information must be collected in a standardized manner, with a known accuracy, and for a long and continuous time period.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2004EO200002","usgsCitation":"Hirsch, R.M., and Costa, J.E., 2004, U.S. stream flow measurement and data dissemination improve: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 85, no. 20, p. 197-2003, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004EO200002.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"197","endPage":"2003","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478038,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2004eo200002","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":332798,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"85","issue":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"586cc6bae4b0f5ce109fa99f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hirsch, Robert M. 0000-0002-4534-075X rhirsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-075X","contributorId":2005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirsch","given":"Robert","email":"rhirsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Costa, John E.","contributorId":105743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Costa","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70243302,"text":"70243302 - 2004 - Core-scale permeability of an actively venting, felsic-hosted hydrothermal system: The PACMANUS Hydrothermal Field","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-08T12:23:46.789715","indexId":"70243302","displayToPublicDate":"2004-05-08T07:20:10","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Core-scale permeability of an actively venting, felsic-hosted hydrothermal system: The PACMANUS Hydrothermal Field","docAbstract":"Permeability of the ocean crust is one of the most crucial parameters for constraining submarine fluid flow systems. Active hydrothermal fields are dynamic areas where fluid flow strongly affects the geochemistry and biology of the surrounding environment. There have been few permeability measurements in these regions, especially in felsic-hosted hydrothermal systems. We present a data set of 38 permeability and porosity measurements from the PACMANUS hydrothermal field, an actively venting, felsic hydrothermal field in the eastern Manus Basin. Permeability was measured using a complex transient method on 2.54-cm minicores. Permeability varies greatly between the samples, spanning over five orders of magnitude. Permeability decreases with both depth and decreasing porosity. When the alteration intensity of individual samples is considered, relationships between depth and porosity and permeability become more clearly defined. For incompletely altered samples (defined as >5% fresh rock), permeability and porosity are constant with depth. For completely altered samples (defined as <5% fresh rock), permeability and porosity decrease with depth. On average, the permeability values from the PACMANUS hydrothermal field are greater than those in other submarine environments using similar core-scale laboratory measurements; the average permeability, 4.5 x 10–16 m2, is two to four orders of magnitude greater than in other areas. Although the core-scale permeability is higher than in other seafloor environments, it is still too low to obtain the fluid velocities observed in the PACMANUS hydrothermal field based on simplified analytical calculations. It is likely that core-scale permeability measurements are not representative of bulk rock permeability of the hydrothermal system overall, and that the latter is predominantly fracture controlled.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program: Scientific Results","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Ocean Drilling Program","doi":"10.2973/odp.proc.sr.193.202.2004","usgsCitation":"Christiansen, L., and Iturrino, G., 2004, Core-scale permeability of an actively venting, felsic-hosted hydrothermal system: The PACMANUS Hydrothermal Field, in Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program: Scientific Results, v. 193, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.193.202.2004.","productDescription":"19 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":416803,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"193","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christiansen, L.B.","contributorId":37952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christiansen","given":"L.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Iturrino, G.J.","contributorId":304939,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iturrino","given":"G.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70239863,"text":"70239863 - 2004 - A high price for impertinence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-23T19:00:22.646978","indexId":"70239863","displayToPublicDate":"2004-05-01T12:34:55","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A high price for impertinence","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/gssrl.75.3.385","usgsCitation":"Dawson, P.B., 2004, A high price for impertinence: Seismological Research Letters, v. 75, no. 3, p. 385-386, https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.75.3.385.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"385","endPage":"386","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":412225,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Newberry Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.30893460575285,\n 43.67186099610598\n ],\n [\n -121.28723377120106,\n 43.662239880443906\n ],\n [\n -121.24873229054491,\n 43.6551496505551\n ],\n [\n -121.19763032531029,\n 43.66629106446965\n ],\n [\n -121.13952809086584,\n 43.68856768967686\n ],\n [\n -121.12972771397132,\n 43.710836044475286\n ],\n [\n -121.1311277678133,\n 43.73309612857298\n ],\n [\n -121.16962924846945,\n 43.78011863535761\n ],\n [\n -121.18993002917927,\n 43.78820480344274\n ],\n [\n -121.25535484699095,\n 43.81358077754214\n ],\n [\n -121.3041337653381,\n 43.82060115983373\n ],\n [\n -121.33244296375945,\n 43.79043967826908\n ],\n [\n -121.31033465959483,\n 43.75635919120765\n ],\n [\n -121.29563409425359,\n 43.73461356039249\n ],\n [\n -121.31593487496306,\n 43.70476367702537\n ],\n [\n -121.32363517109442,\n 43.69362940563826\n ],\n [\n -121.30893460575285,\n 43.67186099610598\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"75","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dawson, Phillip B. dawson@usgs.gov","contributorId":2751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"Phillip","email":"dawson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":862196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70200839,"text":"70200839 - 2004 - Io after Galileo","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-06T11:05:43","indexId":"70200839","displayToPublicDate":"2004-05-01T11:04:55","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Io after Galileo","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2004.03.001","usgsCitation":"Turtle, E.P., Keszthelyi, L., and Williams, D., 2004, Io after Galileo: Icarus, v. 169, no. 1, p. 1-2, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2004.03.001.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"2","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359224,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"169","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5be2b6b1e4b0b3fc5cf5b0cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Turtle, Elizabeth P.","contributorId":45443,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turtle","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":750844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keszthelyi, Laszlo P. 0000-0003-1879-4331 laz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1879-4331","contributorId":52802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keszthelyi","given":"Laszlo P.","email":"laz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williams, David A.","contributorId":84604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"David A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":750846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":55688,"text":"ofr20041040B - 2004 - Processed Landsat 7 satellite imagery of the Taos Plateau-San Luis Valley region, New Mexico and Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-06T21:13:45.894255","indexId":"ofr20041040B","displayToPublicDate":"2004-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1040","chapter":"B","title":"Processed Landsat 7 satellite imagery of the Taos Plateau-San Luis Valley region, New Mexico and Colorado","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041040B","isbn":"0607969474","usgsCitation":"Sawyer, D.A., 2004, Processed Landsat 7 satellite imagery of the Taos Plateau-San Luis Valley region, New Mexico and Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1040, 1 CD-ROM ; 4 3/4 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041040B.","productDescription":"1 CD-ROM","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":500901,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1040-b/ofr20041040B.zip","text":"CD-ROM","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":181470,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"San Luis Valley, Taos Plateau","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ee4b07f02db6602fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sawyer, David A. dsawyer@usgs.gov","contributorId":1262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sawyer","given":"David","email":"dsawyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":254008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":69775,"text":"sim2822 - 2004 - Surficial geologic map of the southeast Memphis Quadrangle, Shelby County, Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:24","indexId":"sim2822","displayToPublicDate":"2004-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2822","title":"Surficial geologic map of the southeast Memphis Quadrangle, Shelby County, Tennessee","docAbstract":" The depiction of geology on this map is designed to aid in urban planning and analysis of potential damage in the event of strong earthquake motion. The geologic map by itself does not analyze potential earthquake damage, but is designed to be used by seismologists who perform such analyses. Wind-deposited silt and clayey silt (loess) is the predominant surficial deposit. Loess entirely covers the upland (everyplace in the map area that is not a valley occupied by a stream) to depths of 4.5-16 m. The second most abundant deposit is silty alluvium, which is confined to the narrow floodplains and is 1-10 m thick. Sparse, unconsolidated, pebbly sand alluvium is 0.5-3 m thick and is confined to point bars and channel deposits in the narrow, incised channel of Nonconnah Creek. The nature of geologic materials to a degree determines the severity of damage to infrastructure sustained during a strong earthquake.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sim2822","usgsCitation":"Moore, D., and Diehl, S.F., 2004, Surficial geologic map of the southeast Memphis Quadrangle, Shelby County, Tennessee (Version 1.0 ): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2822, one sheet, 34 inches x 30 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2822.","productDescription":"one sheet, 34 inches x 30 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110484,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_63838.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"63838"},{"id":188185,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6407,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2004/2822","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -90,35 ], [ -90,35.1175 ], [ -89.86749999999999,35.1175 ], [ -89.86749999999999,35 ], [ -90,35 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0 ","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688bc6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, David W.","contributorId":63835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"David W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Diehl, Sharon F. diehl@usgs.gov","contributorId":1089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diehl","given":"Sharon","email":"diehl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":53736,"text":"wri034328 - 2004 - Assessment of Fish Habitat, Water Quality, and Selected Contaminants in Streambed Sediments in Noyes Slough, Fairbanks, Alaska, 2001-2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:25","indexId":"wri034328","displayToPublicDate":"2004-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4328","title":"Assessment of Fish Habitat, Water Quality, and Selected Contaminants in Streambed Sediments in Noyes Slough, Fairbanks, Alaska, 2001-2002","docAbstract":"During 2001-2002, the U.S. Geological Survey sampled streambed sediment at 23 sites, measured water quality at 26 sites, and assessed fish habitat for the entire length of Noyes Slough, a 5.5-mile slough of the Chena River in Fairbanks, Alaska. These studies were undertaken to document the environmental condition of the slough and to provide information to the public for consideration in plans to improve environmental conditions of the waterway. The availability of physical habitat for fish in the slough does not appear to be limited, although some beaver dams and shallow water may restrict movement, particularly during low flow. Elevated water temperatures in summer and low dissolved-oxygen concentrations are the principle factors adversely affecting water quality in Noyes Slough. Increased flow mitigated poor water-quality conditions and reduced the number of possible fish barriers. Flow appears to be the most prominent mechanism shaping water quality and fish habitat in Noyes Slough. \r\n\r\nStreambed sediment samples collected at 23 sites in 2001 were analyzed for 24 trace elements. Arsenic, lead, and zinc were the only trace elements detected in concentrations that exceed probable effect levels for the protection of aquatic life. The background concentration for arsenic in Noyes Slough is naturally elevated because of significant concentrations of arsenic in local bedrock and ground water. Sources of the zinc and lead contamination are uncertain, however both lead and zinc are common urban contaminants. \r\n\r\nStreambed-sediment samples from 12 sites in 2002 were analyzed for organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs). The concentration of bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate of 2,600 micrograms per kilogram (?g/kg) for one sample from the site above Aurora Drive approached the aquatic-life criterion of 2,650 ?g/kg. Low concentrations of p-cresol, chrysene, and fluoranthene were detected in most of the sediment samples. The presence of these compounds in Noyes Slough sediment was expected because cresols are emitted to the atmosphere in the exhaust from motor vehicles and chrysene and fluoranthene are formed during the incomplete burning of coal, oil, gas, wood, garbage, or other organic substances. Low-level concentrations of DDT or its degradation products DDD and DDE were detected in all samples collected during 2002. However, total DDT (DDT+DDD+DDE) concentrations are less than the effects range median aquatic-life criterion of 46.1 ?g/kg. In general, total DDT concentrations were less than 10 ?g/kg, except for samples from two sites that have estimated concentrations of about 14 and 20 ?g/kg.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri034328","usgsCitation":"Kennedy, B., Whitman, M.S., Burrows, R.L., and Richmond, S.A., 2004, Assessment of Fish Habitat, Water Quality, and Selected Contaminants in Streambed Sediments in Noyes Slough, Fairbanks, Alaska, 2001-2002: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4328, 62 p.; 15 illus.; 12 tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034328.","productDescription":"62 p.; 15 illus.; 12 tables","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":179617,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5098,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri034328/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672972","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kennedy, Ben W.","contributorId":104519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Ben W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whitman, Matthew S.","contributorId":67961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whitman","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7217,"text":"Bureau of Land Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":248263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burrows, Robert L.","contributorId":79473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burrows","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Richmond, Sharon A.","contributorId":29005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"Sharon","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":53642,"text":"wri034310 - 2004 - Drought conditions in Maine, 1999-2002: A historical perspective","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-07T20:22:21.748091","indexId":"wri034310","displayToPublicDate":"2004-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4310","title":"Drought conditions in Maine, 1999-2002: A historical perspective","docAbstract":"Hydrologic drought can be defined as reduced streamflow, declining ground-water levels, and (or) reductions in lake or reservoir levels. Monthly precipitation totals, annual 7-day low-flow surface-water recurrence intervals, and month-end ground-water levels from drought years 1999-2002 show that 1999-2002 was the driest period of hydrologic drought in more than 50 years of record in Maine. Record lows were set in all three data sets at select locations in central Maine in April 1999, and in September 2001 and 2002. Although streamflows recovered to normal levels during 2000, ground-water levels in central Maine indicate that the drought carried over through 2000 into 2001 and 2002 in some locations. \r\n\r\nIn 2001, annual 7-day low flows with greater than 100-year recurrence intervals were recorded in central Maine and low flows with up to 75-year recurrence intervals were recorded in coastal areas. In 2002, annual 7-day low flows with greater than 100-year recurrence intervals were recorded at 4 of 14 stations analyzed statewide, placing it as the driest single year of hydrologic drought on record. Month-end ground-water levels at one location in central Maine indicate that the recent hydrologic drought years were the most severe in more than 50 years in that region. The period from 1947 to 1950 may have been the only comparable period of drought to the 1999-2002 period, in Maine. The 1960s drought, although extreme in the far northern and far southern regions of the State, was most exceptional for its duration from 1963 to 1969.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri034310","usgsCitation":"Lombard, P., 2004, Drought conditions in Maine, 1999-2002: A historical perspective: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4310, 47 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034310.","productDescription":"47 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":175085,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4941,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034310/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":415466,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_68247.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-70.152589,43.746794],[-70.158456,43.751616],[-70.147646,43.758585],[-70.145911,43.772119],[-70.128271,43.774009],[-70.14089,43.753204],[-70.152589,43.746794]]],[[[-70.135957,43.753219],[-70.129721,43.76408],[-70.117688,43.765693],[-70.135957,43.753219]]],[[[-70.171245,43.663498],[-70.205934,43.633633],[-70.211062,43.641842],[-70.200116,43.662978],[-70.188047,43.673762],[-70.171245,43.663498]]],[[[-70.186213,43.682655],[-70.210825,43.661695],[-70.213948,43.666161],[-70.201893,43.685483],[-70.191041,43.689071],[-70.186213,43.682655]]],[[[-70.163884,43.692404],[-70.146115,43.701635],[-70.135563,43.700658],[-70.154503,43.680933],[-70.168227,43.675136],[-70.173571,43.683734],[-70.163884,43.692404]]],[[[-70.087621,43.699913],[-70.093704,43.6918],[-70.099594,43.695366],[-70.115908,43.682978],[-70.118174,43.686375],[-70.093113,43.710524],[-70.097184,43.700929],[-70.087621,43.699913]]],[[[-70.119671,43.748621],[-70.097318,43.757292],[-70.094986,43.753211],[-70.107812,43.734555],[-70.108978,43.722312],[-70.129383,43.70832],[-70.138128,43.718231],[-70.138711,43.727559],[-70.119671,43.748621]]],[[[-68.499465,44.12419],[-68.491521,44.109833],[-68.502942,44.099722],[-68.51706,44.10341],[-68.518703,44.113222],[-68.511266,44.125082],[-68.499465,44.12419]]],[[[-68.358388,44.125082],[-68.346724,44.127749],[-68.331032,44.10758],[-68.338012,44.101473],[-68.365176,44.101464],[-68.375382,44.11646],[-68.358388,44.125082]]],[[[-68.453236,44.189998],[-68.416434,44.187047],[-68.384903,44.154955],[-68.396634,44.14069],[-68.438518,44.11618],[-68.448646,44.125581],[-68.447505,44.133493],[-68.456813,44.145268],[-68.496639,44.146855],[-68.502096,44.152388],[-68.500817,44.160026],[-68.474365,44.181875],[-68.453236,44.189998]]],[[[-68.680773,44.279242],[-68.623554,44.255622],[-68.605906,44.230772],[-68.612749,44.207722],[-68.624994,44.197637],[-68.618872,44.18107],[-68.643002,44.15766],[-68.670014,44.151537],[-68.675056,44.137131],[-68.681899,44.138212],[-68.692343,44.153698],[-68.713232,44.160541],[-68.720435,44.169185],[-68.714313,44.20376],[-68.722956,44.219607],[-68.718635,44.228611],[-68.700627,44.234013],[-68.680458,44.262105],[-68.680773,44.279242]]],[[[-68.355279,44.199096],[-68.333227,44.207308],[-68.314789,44.197157],[-68.321178,44.199032],[-68.332639,44.192131],[-68.339029,44.171839],[-68.347416,44.169459],[-68.378872,44.184222],[-68.364469,44.197534],[-68.355279,44.199096]]],[[[-68.472831,44.219767],[-68.453843,44.201683],[-68.459182,44.197681],[-68.48452,44.202886],[-68.482726,44.227058],[-68.470323,44.22832],[-68.472831,44.219767]]],[[[-68.792139,44.237819],[-68.769833,44.222787],[-68.769047,44.213351],[-68.780055,44.203129],[-68.829593,44.21689],[-68.839422,44.236547],[-68.827627,44.242838],[-68.792139,44.237819]]],[[[-68.23638,44.266254],[-68.214641,44.263156],[-68.211329,44.257074],[-68.24031,44.251622],[-68.240806,44.239723],[-68.248913,44.235443],[-68.274427,44.237099],[-68.274719,44.258675],[-68.246598,44.257836],[-68.23638,44.266254]]],[[[-68.498637,44.369686],[-68.478785,44.319563],[-68.489641,44.313705],[-68.530394,44.333583],[-68.518573,44.381022],[-68.501364,44.382281],[-68.498637,44.369686]]],[[[-68.618212,44.012367],[-68.635315,44.018886],[-68.657031,44.003823],[-68.659874,44.022758],[-68.650767,44.039908],[-68.661594,44.075837],[-68.627893,44.088128],[-68.6181,44.096706],[-68.609722,44.094674],[-68.584074,44.070578],[-68.590792,44.058662],[-68.601099,44.058362],[-68.610703,44.013422],[-68.618212,44.012367]]],[[[-68.785601,44.053503],[-68.818441,44.032046],[-68.874139,44.025359],[-68.889717,44.032516],[-68.899997,44.06696],[-68.913406,44.08519],[-68.908984,44.110001],[-68.944597,44.11284],[-68.917286,44.148239],[-68.847249,44.183017],[-68.825067,44.186338],[-68.819156,44.180462],[-68.82284,44.173693],[-68.818423,44.160978],[-68.782375,44.14531],[-68.792065,44.136759],[-68.818039,44.136852],[-68.820515,44.130198],[-68.815562,44.115836],[-68.806832,44.116339],[-68.790525,44.09292],[-68.772639,44.078439],[-68.77029,44.069566],[-68.785601,44.053503]]],[[[-67.619761,44.519754],[-67.582113,44.513459],[-67.590627,44.49415],[-67.562651,44.472104],[-67.571774,44.453403],[-67.588346,44.449754],[-67.604919,44.502056],[-67.619211,44.506009],[-67.619761,44.519754]]],[[[-68.942826,44.281073],[-68.919301,44.309872],[-68.919325,44.335392],[-68.90353,44.378613],[-68.87894,44.386584],[-68.868444,44.38144],[-68.860649,44.364425],[-68.87169,44.344662],[-68.89285,44.334653],[-68.896587,44.321986],[-68.88746,44.303094],[-68.904255,44.279889],[-68.916872,44.242866],[-68.95189,44.218719],[-68.94709,44.226792],[-68.955332,44.243873],[-68.965896,44.249754],[-68.965264,44.259332],[-68.942826,44.281073]]],[[[-70.353392,43.535405],[-70.379123,43.507202],[-70.385615,43.487031],[-70.380233,43.46423],[-70.349684,43.442032],[-70.370514,43.434133],[-70.384949,43.418839],[-70.39089,43.402607],[-70.421282,43.395777],[-70.427672,43.389254],[-70.424986,43.375928],[-70.460717,43.34325],[-70.517695,43.344037],[-70.553854,43.321886],[-70.593907,43.249295],[-70.576692,43.217651],[-70.618973,43.163625],[-70.638355,43.114182],[-70.655322,43.098008],[-70.665958,43.076234],[-70.703818,43.059825],[-70.708896,43.074989],[-70.737897,43.073488],[-70.756397,43.079988],[-70.766398,43.092688],[-70.779098,43.095887],[-70.8268,43.127086],[-70.8338,43.146886],[-70.823501,43.174585],[-70.828301,43.186685],[-70.819146,43.195157],[-70.811852,43.228306],[-70.817773,43.237408],[-70.837274,43.242321],[-70.843302,43.254321],[-70.858207,43.256286],[-70.861384,43.263143],[-70.881704,43.272483],[-70.886504,43.282783],[-70.906005,43.291682],[-70.900386,43.301358],[-70.91246,43.308289],[-70.912004,43.319821],[-70.93711,43.337367],[-70.956528,43.334691],[-70.967229,43.343777],[-70.985965,43.380023],[-70.98739,43.393457],[-70.982565,43.39778],[-70.987249,43.411863],[-70.96115,43.438321],[-70.9669,43.450458],[-70.961428,43.469696],[-70.974245,43.47742],[-70.967968,43.480783],[-70.954755,43.509802],[-70.954066,43.52261],[-70.963281,43.538929],[-70.950838,43.551026],[-70.972716,43.570255],[-70.989037,43.792154],[-71.031039,44.655455],[-71.084334,45.305293],[-71.059265,45.313753],[-71.030565,45.312652],[-71.00905,45.319022],[-71.002563,45.327819],[-71.011144,45.334679],[-71.01081,45.34725],[-70.985595,45.332188],[-70.950824,45.33453],[-70.939188,45.320177],[-70.917904,45.311924],[-70.912111,45.296197],[-70.9217,45.279445],[-70.898565,45.258502],[-70.898482,45.244088],[-70.885029,45.234873],[-70.857042,45.22916],[-70.83877,45.237555],[-70.848319,45.244707],[-70.848554,45.263325],[-70.839042,45.269132],[-70.829661,45.290369],[-70.812338,45.302006],[-70.808613,45.311606],[-70.808322,45.325824],[-70.816585,45.330554],[-70.819828,45.340109],[-70.81445,45.356544],[-70.803848,45.364247],[-70.806244,45.376558],[-70.826033,45.398408],[-70.795009,45.428145],[-70.755567,45.428361],[-70.744077,45.421091],[-70.743775,45.411925],[-70.729972,45.399359],[-70.712286,45.390611],[-70.677995,45.394362],[-70.66116,45.386039],[-70.660775,45.378176],[-70.651175,45.377123],[-70.634661,45.383608],[-70.631354,45.41634],[-70.635498,45.427817],[-70.649739,45.442771],[-70.674903,45.452399],[-70.691762,45.471233],[-70.717047,45.487732],[-70.721611,45.515058],[-70.687605,45.549099],[-70.688214,45.563981],[-70.659286,45.58688],[-70.644687,45.607083],[-70.592252,45.629865],[-70.5584,45.666671],[-70.525831,45.666551],[-70.469869,45.701639],[-70.438878,45.704387],[-70.400404,45.719834],[-70.383552,45.734869],[-70.388501,45.749717],[-70.406548,45.761813],[-70.417641,45.79377],[-70.395907,45.798885],[-70.39662,45.808486],[-70.387916,45.819043],[-70.34244,45.852192],[-70.306162,45.85974],[-70.259117,45.890755],[-70.253897,45.906524],[-70.263313,45.923832],[-70.240177,45.943729],[-70.26541,45.962692],[-70.31628,45.963113],[-70.307463,45.982541],[-70.284571,45.995384],[-70.303034,45.998976],[-70.317629,46.01908],[-70.278334,46.057019],[-70.284176,46.062758],[-70.310609,46.064544],[-70.284554,46.098713],[-70.254021,46.0996],[-70.255038,46.108348],[-70.237947,46.147378],[-70.278034,46.175001],[-70.292736,46.191599],[-70.272054,46.209833],[-70.248421,46.267072],[-70.232682,46.284428],[-70.205719,46.299865],[-70.203119,46.31438],[-70.208733,46.328961],[-70.191412,46.348072],[-70.174709,46.358472],[-70.148529,46.358923],[-70.129734,46.369384],[-70.125459,46.381352],[-70.11044,46.38611],[-70.096286,46.40943],[-70.057061,46.415036],[-69.997086,46.69523],[-69.22442,47.459686],[-69.203886,47.452203],[-69.178412,47.456615],[-69.146439,47.44886],[-69.082508,47.423976],[-69.061192,47.433052],[-69.043947,47.427634],[-69.036882,47.407977],[-69.045403,47.39191],[-69.039818,47.386309],[-69.053885,47.377878],[-69.054628,47.315911],[-69.049118,47.306471],[-69.052748,47.294403],[-69.047076,47.267089],[-69.050334,47.256621],[-69.033456,47.240984],[-68.966433,47.212712],[-68.96113,47.205582],[-68.942484,47.206386],[-68.920253,47.195048],[-68.919752,47.189859],[-68.902425,47.178839],[-68.857519,47.19095],[-68.812157,47.215461],[-68.764487,47.222331],[-68.717867,47.240919],[-68.705314,47.238066],[-68.687662,47.244215],[-68.664071,47.236762],[-68.619749,47.243218],[-68.595427,47.257698],[-68.59688,47.271731],[-68.578551,47.287551],[-68.553896,47.28225],[-68.517982,47.296092],[-68.474851,47.297534],[-68.448844,47.282547],[-68.378678,47.287561],[-68.376319,47.294257],[-68.384706,47.305094],[-68.380334,47.340242],[-68.355171,47.35707],[-68.329879,47.36023],[-68.303778,47.355524],[-68.284101,47.360389],[-68.265138,47.352543],[-68.234604,47.355035],[-68.214551,47.339637],[-68.15515,47.32542],[-68.152302,47.309878],[-68.137059,47.296068],[-68.082896,47.271921],[-68.074061,47.259764],[-68.019724,47.238036],[-67.991871,47.212042],[-67.955669,47.199542],[-67.935868,47.164843],[-67.893266,47.129943],[-67.881302,47.103913],[-67.790515,47.067921],[-67.781095,45.943032],[-67.777626,45.934207],[-67.750422,45.917898],[-67.763725,45.91043],[-67.767827,45.898568],[-67.803318,45.883718],[-67.803678,45.869379],[-67.796514,45.859961],[-67.755068,45.82367],[-67.780507,45.817622],[-67.801989,45.803546],[-67.806598,45.794723],[-67.806308,45.755405],[-67.793083,45.750559],[-67.781892,45.731189],[-67.809833,45.729274],[-67.803148,45.696127],[-67.817892,45.693705],[-67.803313,45.677886],[-67.768648,45.677581],[-67.754245,45.667791],[-67.720401,45.662522],[-67.71799,45.665243],[-67.73372,45.684233],[-67.734605,45.688987],[-67.729908,45.689012],[-67.710464,45.679372],[-67.675417,45.630959],[-67.64581,45.613597],[-67.640238,45.616178],[-67.644206,45.62322],[-67.639741,45.624771],[-67.606172,45.606533],[-67.499444,45.587014],[-67.488452,45.594643],[-67.491061,45.598917],[-67.455406,45.604665],[-67.429716,45.583773],[-67.420976,45.550029],[-67.425399,45.540795],[-67.432236,45.541023],[-67.435275,45.530781],[-67.432207,45.519996],[-67.416416,45.503515],[-67.462882,45.508691],[-67.470732,45.500067],[-67.503088,45.489688],[-67.499767,45.47805],[-67.482353,45.460825],[-67.484328,45.451955],[-67.473366,45.425328],[-67.430001,45.392965],[-67.418747,45.37726],[-67.434281,45.365438],[-67.427797,45.355471],[-67.434996,45.340133],[-67.456288,45.32644],[-67.452267,45.316839],[-67.460554,45.300379],[-67.466091,45.29416],[-67.485683,45.291433],[-67.489464,45.282653],[-67.46357,45.244097],[-67.453473,45.241127],[-67.43998,45.227047],[-67.428889,45.193213],[-67.407139,45.179425],[-67.404629,45.159926],[-67.383635,45.152259],[-67.345585,45.126392],[-67.294881,45.149666],[-67.302568,45.161348],[-67.291417,45.17145],[-67.290603,45.187589],[-67.283619,45.192022],[-67.246697,45.180765],[-67.242293,45.17224],[-67.227324,45.163652],[-67.203933,45.171407],[-67.157919,45.161004],[-67.112414,45.112323],[-67.090786,45.068721],[-67.105899,45.065786],[-67.117688,45.05673],[-67.082074,45.029608],[-67.068274,45.001014],[-67.05461,44.986764],[-67.033474,44.939923],[-66.984466,44.912557],[-66.990351,44.882551],[-66.978142,44.856963],[-66.996523,44.844654],[-66.986318,44.820657],[-66.975009,44.815495],[-66.952112,44.82007],[-66.950569,44.814539],[-66.961068,44.807269],[-66.979708,44.80736],[-67.02615,44.768199],[-67.04335,44.765071],[-67.05516,44.771442],[-67.062239,44.769543],[-67.073439,44.741957],[-67.098931,44.741311],[-67.103957,44.717444],[-67.128792,44.695421],[-67.139209,44.693849],[-67.155119,44.66944],[-67.169857,44.662105],[-67.186612,44.66265],[-67.192068,44.655515],[-67.189427,44.645533],[-67.234275,44.637201],[-67.251247,44.640825],[-67.274122,44.626345],[-67.27706,44.61795],[-67.273076,44.610873],[-67.293403,44.599265],[-67.314938,44.598215],[-67.32297,44.609394],[-67.310745,44.613212],[-67.293665,44.634316],[-67.292462,44.648455],[-67.309627,44.659316],[-67.307909,44.691295],[-67.300144,44.696752],[-67.299176,44.705705],[-67.308538,44.707454],[-67.355966,44.69906],[-67.376742,44.681852],[-67.381149,44.66947],[-67.367298,44.652472],[-67.363158,44.631825],[-67.377554,44.619757],[-67.386605,44.626974],[-67.405492,44.594236],[-67.428367,44.609136],[-67.457747,44.598014],[-67.492373,44.61795],[-67.493632,44.628863],[-67.505804,44.636837],[-67.522802,44.63306],[-67.530777,44.621938],[-67.543368,44.626554],[-67.551133,44.621938],[-67.575056,44.560659],[-67.562321,44.539435],[-67.568159,44.531117],[-67.648506,44.525403],[-67.660678,44.537575],[-67.685861,44.537155],[-67.702649,44.527922],[-67.698872,44.51575],[-67.71419,44.495238],[-67.733986,44.496252],[-67.743353,44.497418],[-67.742942,44.526453],[-67.753854,44.543661],[-67.774001,44.547438],[-67.779457,44.543661],[-67.781556,44.520577],[-67.79726,44.520685],[-67.808837,44.544081],[-67.839896,44.558771],[-67.845772,44.551636],[-67.843254,44.542822],[-67.856684,44.523934],[-67.851648,44.484901],[-67.868774,44.465272],[-67.868875,44.456881],[-67.851764,44.428695],[-67.855108,44.419434],[-67.868856,44.424672],[-67.878509,44.435585],[-67.887323,44.433066],[-67.899571,44.394078],[-67.913346,44.430128],[-67.926357,44.431807],[-67.931453,44.411848],[-67.955737,44.416278],[-67.961613,44.4125],[-67.961613,44.39907],[-67.978876,44.387034],[-67.985668,44.386917],[-68.000646,44.406624],[-68.010719,44.407464],[-68.019533,44.396971],[-68.01399,44.390255],[-68.034223,44.360456],[-68.044296,44.357938],[-68.043037,44.343667],[-68.049334,44.33073],[-68.067047,44.335692],[-68.076066,44.347925],[-68.077873,44.373047],[-68.086268,44.376405],[-68.092983,44.370949],[-68.11229,44.401588],[-68.119845,44.445658],[-68.117746,44.475038],[-68.150904,44.482383],[-68.17105,44.470211],[-68.194554,44.47189],[-68.189517,44.478605],[-68.192036,44.487419],[-68.213861,44.492456],[-68.223934,44.487],[-68.224354,44.464335],[-68.22939,44.463496],[-68.2445,44.471051],[-68.252474,44.483222],[-68.261708,44.484062],[-68.270522,44.459718],[-68.281015,44.451324],[-68.298223,44.449225],[-68.299063,44.437893],[-68.294865,44.432857],[-68.268423,44.440411],[-68.247438,44.433276],[-68.24366,44.420685],[-68.249956,44.414809],[-68.21554,44.390466],[-68.20354,44.392365],[-68.184532,44.369145],[-68.173608,44.328397],[-68.191924,44.306675],[-68.233435,44.288578],[-68.275139,44.288895],[-68.289409,44.283858],[-68.298223,44.276303],[-68.298643,44.26665],[-68.290818,44.247673],[-68.317588,44.225101],[-68.339498,44.222893],[-68.343132,44.229505],[-68.377982,44.247563],[-68.401268,44.252244],[-68.430946,44.298624],[-68.430853,44.312609],[-68.409027,44.32562],[-68.421619,44.336113],[-68.409867,44.356259],[-68.396552,44.363941],[-68.398035,44.376191],[-68.3581,44.392337],[-68.359082,44.402847],[-68.3791,44.430049],[-68.387678,44.430936],[-68.392559,44.41807],[-68.416412,44.397973],[-68.427874,44.3968],[-68.433901,44.401534],[-68.429648,44.439136],[-68.439281,44.448043],[-68.455095,44.447498],[-68.46382,44.436592],[-68.458849,44.412141],[-68.464106,44.398078],[-68.461072,44.378504],[-68.466109,44.377245],[-68.47828,44.378084],[-68.483317,44.388157],[-68.472824,44.404106],[-68.480379,44.432647],[-68.485415,44.434326],[-68.494649,44.429709],[-68.499686,44.414179],[-68.51452,44.41334],[-68.529905,44.39907],[-68.555088,44.403687],[-68.565161,44.39907],[-68.564741,44.385219],[-68.559285,44.374307],[-68.550051,44.371788],[-68.545434,44.355],[-68.563209,44.333039],[-68.566203,44.313007],[-68.556236,44.300819],[-68.538595,44.299902],[-68.531532,44.290388],[-68.528611,44.276117],[-68.519516,44.265046],[-68.529802,44.249594],[-68.525302,44.227554],[-68.550802,44.236534],[-68.603385,44.27471],[-68.682979,44.299201],[-68.733004,44.328388],[-68.762021,44.329597],[-68.795063,44.30786],[-68.827197,44.31216],[-68.825419,44.334547],[-68.814811,44.362194],[-68.821767,44.40894],[-68.815325,44.42808],[-68.801634,44.434803],[-68.783679,44.473879],[-68.829153,44.462242],[-68.880271,44.428112],[-68.897104,44.450643],[-68.927452,44.448039],[-68.931934,44.43869],[-68.946582,44.429108],[-68.982449,44.426195],[-68.990767,44.415033],[-68.978815,44.38634],[-68.961111,44.375076],[-68.948164,44.355882],[-68.954465,44.32405],[-68.979005,44.296327],[-69.003682,44.294582],[-69.005071,44.274071],[-69.040193,44.233673],[-69.054546,44.171542],[-69.079835,44.160953],[-69.075667,44.129991],[-69.080331,44.117824],[-69.100863,44.104529],[-69.101107,44.093601],[-69.092,44.085734],[-69.050814,44.094888],[-69.031878,44.079036],[-69.048917,44.062506],[-69.056093,44.06949],[-69.067876,44.067596],[-69.079805,44.055256],[-69.073767,44.046135],[-69.125738,44.019623],[-69.124475,44.007419],[-69.170345,43.995637],[-69.193805,43.975543],[-69.19633,43.950504],[-69.203668,43.941806],[-69.259838,43.921427],[-69.267515,43.943667],[-69.280498,43.95744],[-69.31427,43.942951],[-69.319751,43.94487],[-69.304301,43.962068],[-69.331411,43.974311],[-69.351961,43.974748],[-69.366702,43.964755],[-69.388059,43.96434],[-69.398455,43.971804],[-69.421072,43.938261],[-69.423324,43.915507],[-69.459637,43.903316],[-69.483498,43.88028],[-69.50329,43.837673],[-69.514889,43.831298],[-69.513267,43.84479],[-69.520301,43.868498],[-69.524673,43.875639],[-69.543912,43.881615],[-69.54945,43.880012],[-69.545028,43.861241],[-69.552606,43.841347],[-69.572697,43.844012],[-69.578527,43.823316],[-69.588551,43.81836],[-69.604179,43.813551],[-69.604616,43.825793],[-69.592373,43.830895],[-69.589167,43.851299],[-69.594705,43.858878],[-69.604616,43.858004],[-69.621086,43.826814],[-69.634932,43.845907],[-69.649798,43.836287],[-69.653337,43.79103],[-69.664922,43.791033],[-69.685579,43.820546],[-69.705838,43.823024],[-69.714873,43.810264],[-69.719723,43.786685],[-69.752801,43.75594],[-69.780097,43.755397],[-69.778494,43.747089],[-69.835323,43.721125],[-69.838689,43.70514],[-69.851297,43.703581],[-69.855081,43.704746],[-69.858947,43.740531],[-69.868673,43.742701],[-69.862155,43.758962],[-69.869732,43.775656],[-69.884066,43.778035],[-69.903164,43.77239],[-69.927011,43.780174],[-69.948539,43.765948],[-69.958056,43.767786],[-69.982574,43.750801],[-69.992615,43.724793],[-70.001645,43.717666],[-70.006954,43.717065],[-69.998793,43.740385],[-70.001708,43.744466],[-70.041351,43.738053],[-70.034355,43.759041],[-69.99821,43.798684],[-70.002874,43.812093],[-70.011035,43.810927],[-70.026193,43.822587],[-70.023278,43.834247],[-70.002874,43.848239],[-70.009869,43.859315],[-70.019197,43.858733],[-70.064671,43.813259],[-70.06642,43.819672],[-70.080995,43.819672],[-70.107229,43.809178],[-70.142792,43.791688],[-70.153869,43.781194],[-70.153869,43.774781],[-70.176023,43.76079],[-70.17544,43.777113],[-70.190014,43.771866],[-70.197593,43.753211],[-70.194678,43.742134],[-70.217998,43.71998],[-70.216832,43.704822],[-70.23199,43.704822],[-70.251812,43.683251],[-70.254144,43.676839],[-70.242289,43.669544],[-70.240987,43.659132],[-70.211204,43.625765],[-70.217087,43.596717],[-70.214369,43.590445],[-70.20112,43.586515],[-70.196911,43.565146],[-70.206123,43.557627],[-70.231963,43.561118],[-70.244331,43.551849],[-70.261917,43.553687],[-70.272497,43.562616],[-70.307764,43.544315],[-70.353392,43.535405]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Maine\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5ee4b07f02db633d88","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lombard, Pamela J. 0000-0002-0983-1906","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0983-1906","contributorId":23899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lombard","given":"Pamela J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":53438,"text":"wri034199 - 2004 - Salt-Pond Box Model (SPOOM) and Its Application to the Napa-Sonoma Salt Ponds, San Francisco Bay, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-27T11:57:07","indexId":"wri034199","displayToPublicDate":"2004-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4199","title":"Salt-Pond Box Model (SPOOM) and Its Application to the Napa-Sonoma Salt Ponds, San Francisco Bay, California","docAbstract":"A box model to simulate water volume and salinity of a salt pond has been developed by the U.S. Geological Survey to obtain water and salinity budgets. The model, SPOOM, uses the principle of conservation of mass to calculate daily pond volume and salinity and includes a salt crystallization and dissolution algorithm. Model inputs include precipitation, evaporation, infiltration, and water transfers. Salinity and water-surface-elevation data were collected monthly in the Napa-Sonoma Salt-Pond Complex from February 1999 through September 2001 and were used to calibrate and validate the model. The months when water transfers occurred were known but the magnitudes were unknown, so the magnitudes of water transfers were adjusted in the model to calibrate simulated pond volumes to measured pond volumes for three ponds. Modeled salinity was then compared with measured salinity, which remained a free parameter, in order to validate the model. Comparison showed good correlation between modeled and measured salinity. Deviations can be attributed to lack of water-transfer information. Water and salinity budgets obtained through modeling will be used to help interpret ecological data from the ponds. This model has been formulated to be applicable to the Napa-Sonoma salt ponds, but can be applied to other salt ponds.
","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri034199","usgsCitation":"Lionberger, M.L., Schoellhamer, D., Buchanan, P.A., and Meyer, S., 2004, Salt-Pond Box Model (SPOOM) and Its Application to the Napa-Sonoma Salt Ponds, San Francisco Bay, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4199, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034199.","productDescription":"21 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":181404,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5260,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri034199/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f9536","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lionberger, Megan L.","contributorId":50966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lionberger","given":"Megan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":247593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buchanan, Paul A. 0000-0002-4796-4734 buchanan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4796-4734","contributorId":1018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buchanan","given":"Paul","email":"buchanan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":247594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meyer, Scott","contributorId":16920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":53858,"text":"wri034267 - 2004 - Estimating hydraulic properties of the Floridan Aquifer System by analysis of earth-tide, ocean-tide, and barometric effects, Collier and Hendry Counties, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-12T10:23:31","indexId":"wri034267","displayToPublicDate":"2004-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4267","title":"Estimating hydraulic properties of the Floridan Aquifer System by analysis of earth-tide, ocean-tide, and barometric effects, Collier and Hendry Counties, Florida","docAbstract":"Aquifers are subjected to mechanical stresses from natural, non-anthropogenic, processes such as pressure loading or mechanical forcing of the aquifer by ocean tides, earth tides, and pressure fluctuations in the atmosphere. The resulting head fluctuations are evident even in deep confined aquifers. The present study was conducted for the purpose of reviewing the research that has been done on the use of these phenomena for estimating the values of aquifer properties, and determining which of the analytical techniques might be useful for estimating hydraulic properties in the dissolved-carbonate hydrologic environment of southern Florida. Fifteen techniques are discussed in this report, of which four were applied.
An analytical solution for head oscillations in a well near enough to the ocean to be influenced by ocean tides was applied to data from monitor zones in a well near Naples, Florida. The solution assumes a completely non-leaky confining unit of infinite extent. Resulting values of transmissivity are in general agreement with the results of aquifer performance tests performed by the South Florida Water Management District. There seems to be an inconsistency between results of the amplitude ratio analysis and independent estimates of loading efficiency. A more general analytical solution that takes leakage through the confining layer into account yielded estimates that were lower than those obtained using the non-leaky method, and closer to the South Florida Water Management District estimates. A numerical model with a cross-sectional grid design was applied to explore additional aspects of the problem.
A relation between specific storage and the head oscillation observed in a well provided estimates of specific storage that were considered reasonable. Porosity estimates based on the specific storage estimates were consistent with values obtained from measurements on core samples. Methods are described for determining aquifer diffusivity by comparing the time-varying drawdown in an open well with periodic pressure-head oscillations in the aquifer, but the applicability of such methods might be limited in studies of the Floridan aquifer system.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri034267","usgsCitation":"Merritt, M.L., 2004, Estimating hydraulic properties of the Floridan Aquifer System by analysis of earth-tide, ocean-tide, and barometric effects, Collier and Hendry Counties, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4267, vi, 70 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034267.","productDescription":"vi, 70 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":4692,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri034267/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":351003,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri034267/wri03_4267.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":177852,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri034267/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Collier County, Hendry County","otherGeospatial":"Floridan Aquifer System","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.8426513671875,\n 25.809781975840405\n ],\n [\n -80.87860107421875,\n 25.809781975840405\n ],\n [\n -80.87860107421875,\n 26.76768285044102\n ],\n [\n -81.8426513671875,\n 26.76768285044102\n ],\n [\n -81.8426513671875,\n 25.809781975840405\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc9e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Merritt, Michael L.","contributorId":29392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merritt","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":54028,"text":"ofr20041203 - 2004 - Selected natural attenuation monitoring data, Operable Unit 1, Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Division Keyport, Washington, June 2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:55","indexId":"ofr20041203","displayToPublicDate":"2004-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1203","title":"Selected natural attenuation monitoring data, Operable Unit 1, Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Division Keyport, Washington, June 2002","docAbstract":"Previous investigations indicated that natural attenuation and biodegradation of chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) are substantial in shallow ground water beneath the 9-acre former landfill at Operable Unit 1 (OU 1), Naval Undersea Warfare Center (NUWC), Division Keyport, Washington. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has continued to monitor ground-water geochemistry to assure that conditions remain favorable for contaminant biodegradation. This report presents the geochemical and selected CVOC data for ground water at OU 1, collected by the USGS during June 10-14, 2002, in support of long-term monitoring for natural attenuation. \r\n\r\nOverall, the geochemical data for June 2002 indicate that redox conditions in the upper-aquifer water remain favorable for reductive dechlorination of chlorinated VOCs because strongly reducing conditions persisted beneath much of the former landfill. Redox conditions in the intermediate aquifer downgradient of the landfill also remained favorable for reductive dechlorination, although the 2002 dissolved hydrogen (H2) concentration from well MW1-28 is questionable. Changes in redox conditions were observed at certain wells during 2002, but a longer monitoring period and more thorough interpretation are needed to ascertain if phytoremediation activities are affecting redox conditions and if biodegradation processes are changing over time. The Navy intends to complete a more thorough interpretation in preparation for the 5-year review of OU 1 scheduled for 2004.\r\n\r\nThere were a few substantial differences between the 2002 concentrations and previously observed concentrations of volatile organic compounds. Total CVOC concentrations in 2002 samples decreased substantially in all piezometers sampled in the northern plantation, and the largest percentages of decrease were for the compounds trichloroethene (TCE) and cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cis-DCE). Changes in total CVOC concentrations in the southern plantation were less consistent. Historically high concentrations were observed in samples from three piezometers, with particularly substantial increases in TCE and cis-DCE concentrations, and historically low concentrations were observed in two piezometers, with particularly substantial decreases in TCE and cis-DCE concentrations. Similarly to the redox chemistry, a longer monitoring period and more thorough interpretation are needed to ascertain if phytoremediation activities are affecting CVOC concentrations and if biodegradation processes are changing over time.\r\n\r\nNo changes in monitoring plans are proposed for June 2003, although the practice of deploying a data sonde downhole while purging the wells will be discontinued. Downhole monitoring added uncertainty to selected measured dissolved H2 concentrations because of the possibility that the sonde and cable created a bridge that resulted in non-equilibrium dissolved H2 concentrations at the wells.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041203","usgsCitation":"Dinicola, R., 2004, Selected natural attenuation monitoring data, Operable Unit 1, Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Division Keyport, Washington, June 2002: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1203, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041203.","productDescription":"28 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":174296,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5471,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1203/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e49ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dinicola, Richard S. 0000-0003-4222-294X dinicola@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4222-294X","contributorId":352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dinicola","given":"Richard S.","email":"dinicola@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}