The Hogshooter field, located in east central Washington County, Oklahoma, was first developed during the period 1906 to 1913. The field was extended later during the period 1918 to 1922. The principal producing horizon is the Bartlesville sand, found at an average depth of 1,150 feet. To January 1, 1944, the Bartlesville sand has produced 7,566,000 barrels of oil from 5,610 productive acres and 871 oil wells. Peak production, averaging 2,025 barrels per day for the year, was attained in the year 1910. The accumulation of oil in the Bartlesville sand is not related to structure.
\nThe total recovery from the Bartlesville sand in the Hogshooter field to January 1, 1944, is estimated to represent 10.3 per cent of the original oil in place, and the total residual oil is estimated to average 11,776 barrels per acre. Widespread application of vacuum, started in 1915, has had little beneficial effect on production. Some gas-repressuring in recent years has increased recovery to a small extent.
\nConservatively estimated water-flood recovery possibilities are: 3,500 barrels per acre for an area consisting of 1,393 acres (4,875,000 barrels total) with a reasonable profit at the present price of crude oil, and 2,500 barrels per acre for an area of 2,248 acres (5,620,000 barrels total), with no profit indicated under existing conditions. The latter area would show a profit equal to the first-mentioned area only with an increase in price of crude oil of forty-five cents per barrel.
\nSubsurface waters at depths of 1,400 to 1,700 feet are indicated as a satisfactory source for use in water-flooding operations.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr4537","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Fox, I.W., Thigpen, C.H., Ginter, R.L., and Alden, G.P., 1945, A study of secondary recovery possibilities of the Hogshooter field, Washington County, Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 45-37, iii, 68, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr4537.","productDescription":"iii, 68","numberOfPages":"88","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":287336,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287335,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1945/0037/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","county":"Washington County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -96.0013,36.4235 ], [ -96.0013,36.9995 ], [ -95.7867,36.9995 ], [ -95.7867,36.4235 ], [ -96.0013,36.4235 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a619b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fox, I. William","contributorId":12882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fox","given":"I.","email":"","middleInitial":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thigpen, Claude H.","contributorId":35651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thigpen","given":"Claude","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ginter, Roy L.","contributorId":73240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ginter","given":"Roy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Alden, George P.","contributorId":69600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alden","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":55563,"text":"ofr4540 - 1945 - Wells drilled for oil and gas in Wyoming","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":55563,"text":"ofr4540 - 1945 - Wells drilled for oil and gas in Wyoming","indexId":"ofr4540","publicationYear":"1945","noYear":false,"title":"Wells drilled for oil and gas in Wyoming"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":68933,"text":"om175 - 1955 - Map of Wyoming showing test wells for oil and gas, anticlines, oil and gas fields, and pipelines","indexId":"om175","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"title":"Map of Wyoming showing test wells for oil and gas, anticlines, oil and gas fields, and pipelines"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":68933,"text":"om175 - 1955 - Map of Wyoming showing test wells for oil and gas, anticlines, oil and gas fields, and pipelines","indexId":"om175","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"title":"Map of Wyoming showing test wells for oil and gas, anticlines, oil and gas fields, and pipelines"},"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:55","indexId":"ofr4540","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1945","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"45-40","title":"Wells drilled for oil and gas in Wyoming","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr4540","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1945, Wells drilled for oil and gas in Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 45-40, 286 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr4540.","productDescription":"286 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":174032,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4a99","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":532368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":55534,"text":"ofr4446 - 1945 - Preliminary report on the geology of miscellaneous dam sites on Cowlitz River above Castle Rock, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:58","indexId":"ofr4446","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1945","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"44-46","title":"Preliminary report on the geology of miscellaneous dam sites on Cowlitz River above Castle Rock, Washington","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr4446","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1945, Preliminary report on the geology of miscellaneous dam sites on Cowlitz River above Castle Rock, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 44-46, 116 p.; 9 maps and cross sections, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr4446.","productDescription":"116 p.; 9 maps and cross sections","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":181004,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66c8d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":532359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70210087,"text":"70210087 - 1945 - Relations of the American coot with other waterfowl","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-13T18:49:43.187417","indexId":"70210087","displayToPublicDate":"1945-04-30T13:41:47","publicationYear":"1945","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relations of the American coot with other waterfowl","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3795887","usgsCitation":"Sooter, C.A., 1945, Relations of the American coot with other waterfowl: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 9, no. 2, p. 96-99, https://doi.org/10.2307/3795887.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"96","endPage":"99","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":374791,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","county":"Harney County","otherGeospatial":"Malheur National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.83886718750001,\n 43.504736854976954\n ],\n [\n -118.564453125,\n 43.504736854976954\n ],\n [\n -118.564453125,\n 43.874138181474734\n ],\n [\n -119.83886718750001,\n 43.874138181474734\n ],\n [\n -119.83886718750001,\n 43.504736854976954\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sooter, Clarence A.","contributorId":224678,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sooter","given":"Clarence","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":57116,"text":"ofr45106 - 1945 - Ground-water conditions in the vicinity of Carlsbad, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-14T10:52:42","indexId":"ofr45106","displayToPublicDate":"1945-01-01T11:00:00","publicationYear":"1945","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"45-106","title":"Ground-water conditions in the vicinity of Carlsbad, New Mexico","docAbstract":"The area included in this investigation lies in Eddy County, New Mexico, largely between the foothills of the Guadalupe Mountains on the west and the Pecos River on the east, and extends from Carlsbad southward to Black River. The Pecos River drains the entire area, and in the growing season when water is diverted at Avalon Dam for irrigation its flow in this locality is maintained largely by the numerous springs emerging in the river channel north of Carlsbad. Carlsbad and vicinity depend on ground water fro a domestic water supply as the waters of the Pecos River are too highly mineralized for domestic use. About 1,120 acres of land was irrigation by ground water in the vicinity of Carlsbad in 1940.
\nValley fill, of Quaternary age, extends over most of the area, largely as a thin veneer, but it has a maximum known thickness of 256 feet. It is made up largely of clay with lenses of conglomerate, gravel, and sand. The Rustler formation, of upper Permian age, underlies the fills and is composed of gypsum and red beds with one persistent bed of limestone. The Salado formation, which is composed chiefly of halite (common salt), underlies the Rustler formation elsewhere buy it is absent over most of the area described in this paper. This Castile formations, which is predominantly anhydrite, underlies the Salado and overlies the Delaware Mountain group, of middle Permian age, which is deeply buried in most of the area. The upper part of the Delaware Mountain group grades into the Capitan and Carlsbad limestones to the north, east, and west, the latter being exposed near Carlsbad and in the foothills of the Guadalupe Mountain. The Carlsbad limestone in turn grades into the upper part of the Chalk Bluff formation.
\nGround water apparently moves eastward from the Guadalupe Mountains through the Carlsbad limestone to recharge the aquifers in the Delaware Mountain, Castile, and Salado units. In these formations the water soon becomes too highly mineralized for domestic or irrigation use. A large part of the water in the Carlsbad limestone emerges in the spring area north of Carlsbad, and a part of it moves into the valley fill in Dark Canyon Arroyo. The water in the fill of Dark Canyon Arroyo moves laterally into the limestone of the Rustier formation. The water moving eastward in the valley fill and Rustier limestone becomes progressively more mineralized and in the farmland area in the Carlsbad Irrigation Dstrict it is unfit for domestic use. In addition, highly mineralized water seeping from the farmlands and canals in the Carlsbad Irrigation District commingles with the water from the west, and the resulting mixture is undesirable even for watering stock, although if necessity it is much used for that purpose.
\nWater occurs in channels of the Carlsbad limestone, and wells drilled into it generally obtain large yields id hard but potable water. The municipal supply of the city of Carlsbad is derived from 4 wells (1940) in the Carlsbad limestone. The aquifer has a high transmissibility in the vicinity of Carlsbad, as was shown by a test made on one of the wells owned by Southwestern Public Service Co. This well has a specific capacity of 275 gallons per minute per foot of drawdown. The present withdrawal of water from wells penetrating the aquifers in the Carlsbad limestone averages about 4 second-feet (about 2,600,00 gallons a day). The average flow emerging in the spring area in the Pacos River north of Carlsbad is about 60 second-feet (about 40 million gallons a day). It appears that about 12 second-feet of this flow (about 8 million gallons a day) comes from aquifers in the Carlsbad limestone and that the remainder represents leakage from Lake Avalon and the canal system.
\nThe valley fill is less permeable than the Carlsbad limestone but in some places sufficient yields are obtained for irrigation purposes. A test made on a well in the fill just south of Carlsbad showed the aquifer in that locality to have a transmissibility of about 60,000.
\nContamination of the household wells in West Carlsbad does not appear to be taking place at the present time although the juxtaposition of cesspools and outhouses on the one hand and poorly cased wells for domestic water supply on the other makes the situation dangerous.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr45106","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State Engineer of New Mexico","usgsCitation":"Hale, W.E., 1945, Ground-water conditions in the vicinity of Carlsbad, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 45-106, 77 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr45106.","productDescription":"77 p.","numberOfPages":"88","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":287124,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1945/0106/report.pdf"},{"id":287125,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1945/0106/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"Eddy County","city":"Carlsbad","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.312686,32.162979 ], [ -104.312686,32.497085 ], [ -103.983892,32.497085 ], [ -103.983892,32.162979 ], [ -104.312686,32.162979 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5374906ee4b0870f4d23cfba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hale, William E.","contributorId":89450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hale","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":256266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70098415,"text":"70098415 - 1945 - Saishū-tō (Quelpart Island) and Tsushima, terrain intelligence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-09T14:24:41","indexId":"70098415","displayToPublicDate":"1945-01-01T10:00:00","publicationYear":"1945","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":86,"text":"Strategic Engineering Study","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"171","title":"Saishū-tō (Quelpart Island) and Tsushima, terrain intelligence","docAbstract":"No abstract","language":"English","publisher":"United States Army. Corps of Engineers. Strategic Intelligence Branch","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1945, Saishū-tō (Quelpart Island) and Tsushima, terrain intelligence: Strategic Engineering Study 171.","numberOfPages":"28","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":286053,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70098415/report.pdf"},{"id":284143,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70098415.JPG"}],"country":"Japan;Korea","otherGeospatial":"Jeju Province;Tsushima","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 125.9802,33.1284 ], [ 125.9802,34.7145 ], [ 129.8145,34.7145 ], [ 129.8145,33.1284 ], [ 125.9802,33.1284 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5355955de4b0120853e8c1bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70206405,"text":"70206405 - 1945 - American old and middle tertiary larger foraminifera and corals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-01T11:32:59","indexId":"70206405","displayToPublicDate":"1945-01-01T06:48:30","publicationYear":"1945","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2711,"text":"Memoir of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"American old and middle tertiary larger foraminifera and corals","docAbstract":"The scleractinian coral fauna of the Eocene Upper Scotland formation of Barbados comprises 27 species and varieties belonging to 23 genera and subgenera. There is a mingling of hermatypic and ahermatypic forms suggesting a tropical shallow-water, non-littoral environment at depths at or even beyond the lower limits of temperature for vigorous reef-coral growth. Most (16) of the species and 2 of the genera are new and generally show relations with the middle Eocene Claibornian coral fauna of somewhat similar environment in the United States. A few species are either the same as or have affinity with Claibornian forms; one or two are allied to western European or Mediterranean Tertiary species. Of particular interest is the occurrence of Endopachys maclurii. Two corals are described from the Miocene of Martinique. One is a new species of the odd subgenus of Sphenotrochus, Eusthenotrochus, heretofore known only from one recent species and another from the Eocene of the Paris Basin. The other is Dominicotrochus dominicensis (Vaughan), a turbinolian previously known from a single Dominican specimen of uncertain origin and horizon.
","language":"English ","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/MEM9-p2-0001","issn":"00721069","usgsCitation":"Wells , J., and Vaughan, T.W., 1945, American old and middle tertiary larger foraminifera and corals: Memoir of the Geological Society of America, v. 9, p. 1-25, https://doi.org/10.1130/MEM9-p2-0001.","productDescription":"25 p. ","startPage":"1","endPage":"25","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":368883,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1945-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wells , J.W.","contributorId":220191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells ","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":774421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vaughan, Thomas Wayland","contributorId":31020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vaughan","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"Wayland","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":774472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70010902,"text":"70010902 - 1945 - Determination of fluoride in water. A modified zirconium-alizarin method","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-02T17:14:18.994486","indexId":"70010902","displayToPublicDate":"1945-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1945","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1986,"text":"Industrial and Engineering Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of fluoride in water. A modified zirconium-alizarin method","docAbstract":"A convenient, rapid colorimetric procedure using the zirconium-alizarin indicator acidified with sulfuric acid for the determination of fluoride in water is described. Since this acid indicator is stable indefinitely, it is more useful than other zirconium-alizarin reagents previously reported. The use of sulfuric acid alone in acidifying the zirconium-alizarin reagent makes possible the maximum suppression of the interference of sulfate. Control of the pH of the samples eliminates errors due to the alkalinity of the samples. The fluoride content of waters containing less than 500 parts per million of sulfate and less than 1000 p.p.m. of chloride may be determined within a limit of 0.1 p.p.m. when a 100-ml. sample is used.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/i560139a007","issn":"00964484","usgsCitation":"Lamar, W., 1945, Determination of fluoride in water. A modified zirconium-alizarin method: Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, v. 17, no. 3, p. 148-149, https://doi.org/10.1021/i560139a007.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"148","endPage":"149","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221412,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ffa7e4b0c8380cd4f2ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lamar, W.L.","contributorId":52549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamar","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70178706,"text":"70178706 - 1944 - Underground leakage from artesian wells in the Flowell area, near Fillmore, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-09T11:31:04","indexId":"70178706","displayToPublicDate":"2016-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1944","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":294,"text":"Technical Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"1","title":"Underground leakage from artesian wells in the Flowell area, near Fillmore, Utah","docAbstract":"Some of the artesian wells in the Flowell area have a continuous flow of water up around the outside of the casing, others seem to be in this condition only when they are capped and have no surface flow from the casing. During recent years a few of the well casings have been perforated at several depths in an effort to increase the flow. Some of the wells flowed less after they were perforated than they did before. These observations led to the belief that there might be a large amount of leakage underground from the wells and that the drop of artesian pressure during the last 15 years might be caused in part by this underground waste. This survey of underground leakage was made with the deepwell meter during the period April 13 to May 24, 1943. In addition to the well exploration with the meter, measurements were made of the flow of each well, the diameter of the casing, and the height to which the artesian water 5 surface would rise, either above or below the land surface when the well was not discharging.
","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","usgsCitation":"Livingston, P.P., and Maxey, G.B., 1944, Underground leakage from artesian wells in the Flowell area, near Fillmore, Utah: Technical Publication 1, 37 p.","productDescription":"37 p.","numberOfPages":"36","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331473,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":331471,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.waterrights.utah.gov/cgi-bin/libview.exe?Modinfo=Viewpub&LIBNUM=20-4-040"},{"id":331472,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://waterrights.utah.gov/docSys/v920/w920/w9200080.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Millard","city":"Flowell","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.53158569335938,\n 38.83008001147299\n ],\n [\n -112.53158569335938,\n 39.04478604850143\n ],\n [\n -112.24868774414062,\n 39.04478604850143\n ],\n [\n -112.24868774414062,\n 38.83008001147299\n ],\n [\n -112.53158569335938,\n 38.83008001147299\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58468af0e4b04fc80e5236e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Livingston, Penn P.","contributorId":43734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Livingston","given":"Penn","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maxey, G. B.","contributorId":76458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maxey","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70047299,"text":"70047299 - 1944 - A history of the Water Resources Branch of the United States Geological Survey: vol. III years of 50-50 cooperation, July 1, 1928 to June 30, 1939","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-01T13:02:04","indexId":"70047299","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T15:35:00","publicationYear":"1944","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"A history of the Water Resources Branch of the United States Geological Survey: vol. III years of 50-50 cooperation, July 1, 1928 to June 30, 1939","docAbstract":"The 11-year period from July 1, 1928, to June 30, 1939, was one of violent contrasts , both naturall and man-made; great floods and severe droughts occurred and great industrial activity 'W'as· succeeded by deep and persistent depression which droughts made even more devastating. It spans the· time from the first year of 50-50 cooperation with the States, to the last year that Nathan C. Grover was Chief of the Branch.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Washington?, DC","doi":"10.3133/70047299","usgsCitation":"Follansbee, R., 1944, A history of the Water Resources Branch of the United States Geological Survey: vol. III years of 50-50 cooperation, July 1, 1928 to June 30, 1939, 385 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70047299.","productDescription":"385 p.","numberOfPages":"398","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":625,"text":"Water Resources Branch","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275591,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70047299/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":275711,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70047299/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51f8e05fe4b0cecbe8fa9848","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Follansbee, Robert","contributorId":51713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Follansbee","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":481660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70040232,"text":"70040232 - 1944 - Record of wells in Kings County, New York, Supplement 1","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-10-09T17:16:16","indexId":"70040232","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T14:45:38","publicationYear":"1944","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":242,"text":"Bulletin","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"GW-8","title":"Record of wells in Kings County, New York, Supplement 1","language":"English","publisher":"New York State Water Power and Control Commission","publisherLocation":"Albany, NY","usgsCitation":"Leggette, R., and Brashears, M., 1944, Record of wells in Kings County, New York, Supplement 1: Bulletin GW-8, 135 p.; 1 Plate.","productDescription":"135 p.; 1 Plate","numberOfPages":"135","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":262494,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -79.7600,40.4800 ], [ -79.7600,45.0200 ], [ -71.8600,45.0200 ], [ -71.8600,40.4800 ], [ -79.7600,40.4800 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a276e4b0e8fec6cdb5f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leggette, R.M.","contributorId":87525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leggette","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brashears, M.L. Jr.","contributorId":23212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brashears","given":"M.L.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70175628,"text":"70175628 - 1944 - Ground-water conditions in the Neosho River Valley in the vicinity of Parsons, Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-19T11:39:13","indexId":"70175628","displayToPublicDate":"2010-07-21T18:30:00","publicationYear":"1944","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2579,"text":"Kansas Geological Survey Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground-water conditions in the Neosho River Valley in the vicinity of Parsons, Kansas","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","usgsCitation":"Williams, C.C., 1944, Ground-water conditions in the Neosho River Valley in the vicinity of Parsons, Kansas: Kansas Geological Survey Bulletin, v. 52, no. 2, p. 29-80.","productDescription":"Report: 51 p.","startPage":"29","endPage":"80","numberOfPages":"51","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326709,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":326708,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.kgs.ku.edu/General/geologyBulls.html"}],"volume":"52","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b58ad0e4b03bcb0104bbb1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, Charles C.","contributorId":107367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5220516,"text":"5220516 - 1944 - The relation of selenium to western duck sickness","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-07T13:03:37","indexId":"5220516","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:27","publicationYear":"1944","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The relation of selenium to western duck sickness","docAbstract":"In 1936 Twomey and Twomey reported that 20-50 parts per million of selenium as sodium selenite in the drinking water produced poisoning in ducks in which the syndrome was identical with that produced by Clostridium botulinum type C, which had been considered the principal causative agent in western duck sickness (Kalmbach and Gunderson, 1934). In a more recent paper, Twomey, Twomey and Williams (1939) reported the analyses of a number of duck livers collected at various points near Great Salt Lake where the sickness is prevalent. These analyses show the presence of 7-148 p. p. m. of selenium, based on the oven-dried weight of the livers. In contrast, no selenium was found in duck livers obtained in Pennsylvania, where sickness has not been reported. As a result of these findings, a thorough investigation of the significance of selenium in outbreaks of western duck sickness was undertaken in the summer of 1940.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/4079514","usgsCitation":"Lakin, H.W., Quortrup, E.R., and Hotchkiss, N., 1944, The relation of selenium to western duck sickness: The Auk, v. 61, no. 3, p. 415-420, https://doi.org/10.2307/4079514.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"415","endPage":"420","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480448,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4079514","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":194363,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"61","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640f31","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lakin, H. W.","contributorId":11594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lakin","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quortrup, E. R.","contributorId":81201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quortrup","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hotchkiss, N.","contributorId":48655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hotchkiss","given":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5220060,"text":"5220060 - 1944 - Control of undesirable plants in waterfowl habitats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:38","indexId":"5220060","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:27","publicationYear":"1944","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3637,"text":"Transactions of the North American Wildlife Conference","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Control of undesirable plants in waterfowl habitats","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the North American Wildlife Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Uhler, F., 1944, Control of undesirable plants in waterfowl habitats: Transactions of the North American Wildlife Conference, v. 9, p. 295-303.","productDescription":"295-303","startPage":"295","endPage":"303","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193563,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688c35","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Uhler, F.M.","contributorId":81965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uhler","given":"F.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70175630,"text":"70175630 - 1944 - Geology and ground-water resources of Finney and Gray Counties, Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-19T11:40:45","indexId":"70175630","displayToPublicDate":"2009-07-15T10:30:00","publicationYear":"1944","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2579,"text":"Kansas Geological Survey Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology and ground-water resources of Finney and Gray Counties, Kansas","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","usgsCitation":"Latta, B., 1944, Geology and ground-water resources of Finney and Gray Counties, Kansas: Kansas Geological Survey Bulletin, v. 55, Report: 272 p.","productDescription":"Report: 272 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326716,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":326715,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.kgs.ku.edu/General/geologyBulls.html"}],"volume":"55","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b58acde4b03bcb0104bb97","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Latta, B.F.","contributorId":173166,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Latta","given":"B.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1276,"text":"wsp918 - 1944 - Summary of records of surface waters at base stations in Colorado River Basin, 1891-1938","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-17T10:44:32","indexId":"wsp918","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1944","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"918","title":"Summary of records of surface waters at base stations in Colorado River Basin, 1891-1938","docAbstract":"Collection by the Geological Survey of records of stream flow in the Colorado River Basin was begun in August 1889, when three gaging stations were established in Arizona, on' the Gila, Salt, and Verde Rivers. In 1894-95 the work was extended to include 15 gaging stations, on tributary streams at points in the basin where irrigation development was most intensive, and by 1910 the number had increased to 109. In 1938 there were 262 gaging stations, located to advantage throughout the basin.
The earliest known records of discharge in the Colorado River Basin were individual measurements of the main river, made by engineers of the United States Army, 1 at Stone's Ferry near Boulder Canyon August 12, 1875, at Camp Mohave September 2, 1875, and at Fort Yuma March 20, 1876. In the summer of 1876, the Southern Pacific Co. established a gage near the railroad bridge over Colorado River at Yuma, and daily gage readings at that point, now available, are continuous since January 1, 1878.
Modern irrigation, using surface waters diverted from various streams in the basin, was begun many years before the first continuous records of discharge Had been obtained. As developments for irrigation and other purposes increased in size and number, became more systematized, and required greater knowledge of water supply, the collection of records of stream flow was substantially augmented through the assistance of many interested parties and agencies, both private and public.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp918","usgsCitation":"Dickinson, W., 1944, Summary of records of surface waters at base stations in Colorado River Basin, 1891-1938: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 918, Report: iv, 274 p.; Plate: 20.69 x 27.73 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp918.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 274 p.; Plate: 20.69 x 27.73 inches","numberOfPages":"292","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":26236,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/0918/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":265377,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/0918/plate-1.pdf"},{"id":137522,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/0918/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River Basin","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b03e4b07f02db698f62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dickinson, W.E.","contributorId":91468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickinson","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1059,"text":"wsp914 - 1944 - Texas floods of 1938 and 1939","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-22T10:24:12","indexId":"wsp914","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1944","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"914","title":"Texas floods of 1938 and 1939","docAbstract":"In January, June, and July 1938, and June 1939 parts of Texas experienced floods that exceeded previously recorded stages at many places and that were unusually high over reaches of several hundred miles on the streams of the State.
\nThis report presents records of precipitation at several hundred places; 10 isohyetal maps; records of peak stages and discharges and of daily mean discharges during the flood period at more than 30 river-measurement stations; hydrographs of discharge at 19 stations; records of suspended matter transported in stream channels by the flood; results of studies of rainfall and runoff; records of past floods in the Red, Sabine, and Colorado River Basins; and other data pertinent to the floods in Texas.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp914","usgsCitation":"Breeding, S., and Dalrymple, T., 1944, Texas floods of 1938 and 1939: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 914, vi, 116 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp914.","productDescription":"vi, 116 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":138084,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/0914/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":25734,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/0914/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c56f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Breeding, Seth D.","contributorId":89505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breeding","given":"Seth D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dalrymple, Tate","contributorId":59420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dalrymple","given":"Tate","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":55243,"text":"ofr43102 - 1944 - Preliminary report on the quicksilver-antimony properties in the vicinity of Sleitmut, Georgetown district, southwestern Alaska","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":55243,"text":"ofr43102 - 1944 - Preliminary report on the quicksilver-antimony properties in the vicinity of Sleitmut, Georgetown district, southwestern Alaska","indexId":"ofr43102","publicationYear":"1944","noYear":false,"title":"Preliminary report on the quicksilver-antimony properties in the vicinity of Sleitmut, Georgetown district, southwestern Alaska"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":35712,"text":"b1187 - 1965 - Quicksilver deposits of southwestern Alaska a description of the quicksilver mines and prospects, with special emphasis on the structural controls of ore deposition","indexId":"b1187","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"title":"Quicksilver deposits of southwestern Alaska a description of the quicksilver mines and prospects, with special emphasis on the structural controls of ore deposition"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":35712,"text":"b1187 - 1965 - Quicksilver deposits of southwestern Alaska a description of the quicksilver mines and prospects, with special emphasis on the structural controls of ore deposition","indexId":"b1187","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"title":"Quicksilver deposits of southwestern Alaska a description of the quicksilver mines and prospects, with special emphasis on the structural controls of ore deposition"},"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:55","indexId":"ofr43102","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1944","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"43-102","title":"Preliminary report on the quicksilver-antimony properties in the vicinity of Sleitmut, Georgetown district, southwestern Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr43102","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1944, Preliminary report on the quicksilver-antimony properties in the vicinity of Sleitmut, Georgetown district, southwestern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 43-102, 1 p.; 8 maps, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr43102.","productDescription":"1 p.; 8 maps","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":174036,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af4e4b07f02db691e2a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":532311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":2621,"text":"wsp889D - 1944 - Exploratory water-well drilling in the Houston District, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-19T14:52:17","indexId":"wsp889D","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1944","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"889","chapter":"D","title":"Exploratory water-well drilling in the Houston District, Texas","docAbstract":"In the spring and summer of 1939 a program of exploratory drilling wad undertaken in the Houston district, Tx., in conjunction with a general initiation of the water resources of the district. The main purposes of the program were to determine the thickness and character of water-bearing sands down to a maximum depth of 2,000 feet, the chemical character of the water at different depths, and the artesian pressure and to provide additional observation wells for studying fluctuations in artesian pressure and possibilities of intrusion of salt water from the direction of the Gulf. Thirteen deep test wells, 5? inches in diameter and ranging in depth from 360 to 2,000 feet, were put down with a hydraulic rotary drill by the city of Houston. The combined drilling footage of all of the wells amounted to 17,460 feet, and their averse depth was 1,246 feet. All were electrically logged. Samples of cuttings were collected from the drilling mud after every 20 feet of drilling. In 6 of the wells sand samples were obtained by core drilling in beds at selected horizons, about 230 feet being recovered. A total of 15 samples of sand and water were obtained in 8 wells by the drill-stem method. Side-wall sampling was attempted. Six of the test holes were cased with 3? casing (inside diameter) and equipped with screens so that water-level measurements could be made and samples of water collected for chemical analyses , Selected sand samples were analyzed and tested in a field laboratory for mechanical composition, permeability, and porosity. The field and laboratory data were studied with special reference to the significance of the electrical logs. A comparison of the electrical logs of the test wells with the driller's logs shows that, on the whole, they agree remarkably well in fixing the upper and lower limits of the thicker beds of sand and clay, but that the agreement is not so close where the beds are thin. Variable results were obtained from attempts to correlate the second curve of the electrical log with the permeability and mechanical composition of the sand samples obtained by core drilling and drill-stem sampling. In the case of the core samples there was no apparent relationship between any of the three characteristics in well 3, but in well 5 a slight but distinct increase in the resistivity was accompanied by a large increase in permeability. In well 6 the resistivity in nearly every case varied with the permeability and coarseness of the samples. In well 6 the drilling mud was local clay enriched with Aquagel, whereas in wells 3 and 5 only local clay was used; the data obtained, however, are too meager to be used on a basis for even a tentative conclusion as to the effect of artificial mud on the correlations. In the 15 drill-stem sand samples the data show that, in general, the resistivity of sands having fluid content varies with but is not proportional to the permeability, but there seems to be little or no relationship between the coarseness of the sands and either the resistivity or the permeability. Studies of the relationship of the electrical logs to the salinity of the water indicate that increasing chloride is accompanied by decreasing resistivity. They suggest .that changes in the chloride content are accompanied by large changes in resistivity when the water contains less than 100 parts per million of chloride and by relatively small changes when the chloride content is over 100 parts per million. On the whole, the results of the test drilling from Houston tend to show that, although electrical logs give much information that is useful in the development of water wells, for the present at least these logs should be used in conjunction with driller's logs and drill-stem sampling of both sand and water in all the more promising sand horizons. The tests indicate that an average of 600 feet of .water-bearing sands occurs between the surface and a depth of 1,500 feet along the line of test wells we
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp889D","usgsCitation":"Rose, N.A., White, W.N., and Livingston, P.P., 1944, Exploratory water-well drilling in the Houston District, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 889, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp889D.","productDescription":"32 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":28935,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/0889d/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":138146,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/0889d/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a06e4b07f02db5f8b2c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rose, Nicholas A.","contributorId":23924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, W. N.","contributorId":69954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Livingston, Penn Poore","contributorId":79452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Livingston","given":"Penn","email":"","middleInitial":"Poore","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":4547,"text":"wsp962 - 1944 - Surface water supply of the United States, 1942 : Part 12, North Pacific drainage basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:51","indexId":"wsp962","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1944","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"962","title":"Surface water supply of the United States, 1942 : Part 12, North Pacific drainage basins","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. 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The field operations included routine inventories of pumpage, measurements of water levels in observation wells and collection of other hydrologic data, pumping tests on 21 city-owned wells to determine coefficients of permeability and storage, and the drilling of 13 deep test wells in unexplored parts of the district. Considerable attention has been given to studies of the location of areas or beds of sand that contain salt water. The ground water occurs in beds of sand, sandstone, and gravel of Miocene, Pliocene, and Pleistocene age. These formations crop out in belts that dip southeastward from their outcrop areas and are encountered by wells at progressively greater depths toward the southeast. The beds throughout the section are lithologically similar, and there is little agreement among geologists as to their correlation. -In this investigation, however, the sediments, penetrated by the wells are separated into six zones, chiefly on the basis of electrical logs. Most of the water occurs in zone 3, which ranges in thickness from 800 to 1,200 feet. Large quantities of ground water are pumped in three areas in the Houston district, as follows: The Houston tromping area, which includes Houston and the areas immediately adjacent; the Pasadena pumping area, which includes the industrial section extending along the ship channel from the Houston city limits eastward to Deer Park; and the Katy pumping area, an irregular-shaped area of several hundred square miles, which is roughly centered around the town of Katy, 30 miles west of Houston. In 1930 the total combined withdrawal of ground water in the Houston and Pasadena pumping areas averaged about 50 million gallons a day. It declined somewhat during 1932 and 1933 and then gradually increased, until in 1935 the total pumpage was about the same as it was in 1930. About March 1, 1937, the pumpage was increased by about 40 percent, when new wells near Pasadena were put into operation. During 1940 it is estimated that the total pumpage in the Houston and Pasadena areas averaged about 79 million gallons a day, an increase of about 65 percent over the pumpage in 1935. About 25 million gallons of this increase has occurred in the Pasadena area. In the Katy rice-growing area the pumpage in 1935 was about 14 million gallons a day; in 1937 it was about 30 million gallons a day; in 1939 about 40 million gallons a day; and in 1940 about 45 million gallons a day. In 1940 the estimated total pumpage from the Houston, Pasadena, and Katy pumping areas was about 124 million gallons a day, or twice as much as it was in 1935. The increase in pumping at Pasadena in the spring-of 1937 caused the water leveling wells in the Houston and Pasadena areas, which had not varied materially for about 7 years, to decline at a rapid rate. Further increases in the pumping both at Houston and Pasadena in 1939 and 1940 has caused further substantial decline. The water levels in wells in the Katy rice-growing area also declined materially. The evidence points to the probability that in all parts of the Houston district, except the Katy rice-growing area, the rainfall is recharging the aquifers at a rate greater than that at which the water is transmitted down the dip. In the Katy area the recharge is insufficient to balance the joint discharge by transmission down the dip and withdrawal from rice-irrigating wells. The average coefficient of transmissibility was. calculated as 160,000 gallons a day. On the basis of these estimates the inflow in February 1940 across the artesian contour 10 feet below sea level (see pl. 10) was computed as 72 million gallons a day. The amount of water taken out of artesian storage in the 300-square mile area within the -10 contour during the period February 1939 to February
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp889C","usgsCitation":"White, W.N., Rose, N., and Guyton, W.F., 1944, Ground-water resources of the Houston district, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 889, 154 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp889C.","productDescription":"154 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":138910,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/0889c/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":29734,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/0889c/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a96e4b07f02db65a819","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Walter N.","contributorId":99124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rose, N.A.","contributorId":97081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"N.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guyton, William F.","contributorId":25926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guyton","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}