{"pageNumber":"2692","pageRowStart":"67275","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":54130,"text":"ofr20041192 - 2004 - Deposition, erosion, and bathymetric change in South San Francisco Bay: 1858-1983","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-27T10:34:05","indexId":"ofr20041192","displayToPublicDate":"2004-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1192","title":"Deposition, erosion, and bathymetric change in South San Francisco Bay: 1858-1983","docAbstract":"<p>Since the California Gold Rush of 1849, sediment deposition, erosion, and the bathymetry of South San Francisco Bay have been altered by both natural processes and human activities. Historical hydrographic surveys can be used to assess how this system has evolved over the past 150 years. The National Ocean Service (NOS) (formerly the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey (USCGS), collected five hydrographic surveys of South San Francisco Bay from 1858 to 1983. Analysis of these surveys enables us to reconstruct the surface of the bay floor for each time period and quantify spatial and temporal changes in deposition, erosion, and bathymetry. The creation of accurate bathymetric models involves many steps. Sounding data was obtained from the original USCGS and NOS hydrographic sheets and were supplemented with hand drawn depth contours. Shorelines and marsh areas were obtained from topographic sheets. The digitized soundings and shorelines were entered into a Geographic Information System (GIS), and georeferenced to a common horizontal datum. Using surface modeling software, bathymetric grids with a horizontal resolution of 50 m were developed for each of the five hydrographic surveys. Prior to conducting analyses of sediment deposition and erosion, we converted all of the grids to a common vertical datum and made adjustments to correct for land subsidence that occurred from 1934 to 1967. Deposition and erosion that occurred during consecutive periods was then computed by differencing the corrected grids. From these maps of deposition and erosion, we calculated volumes and rates of net sediment change in the bay. South San Francisco Bay has lost approximately 90 x 106 m3 of sediment from 1858 to 1983; however within this timeframe there have been periods of both deposition and erosion. During the most recent period, from 1956 to 1983, sediment loss approached 3 x 106 m3/yr. One of the most striking changes that occurred from 1858 to 1983 was the conversion of more than 80% of the tidal marsh to salt ponds, agricultural, and urban areas. In addition, there has been a decline of approximately 40% in intertidal mud flat area. Restoration of these features will require a detailed understanding of the morphology and sediment sources of this complex system.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041192","usgsCitation":"Foxgrover, A., Higgins, S.A., Ingraca, M.K., Jaffe, B.E., and Smith, R.E., 2004, Deposition, erosion, and bathymetric change in South San Francisco Bay: 1858-1983 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1192, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041192.","productDescription":"25 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":177127,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20041192.PNG"},{"id":316659,"rank":101,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1192/of2004-1192.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":5577,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1192/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.4041748046875,\n              37.43234100120862\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.4041748046875,\n              37.78265474565738\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.91116333007811,\n              37.78265474565738\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.91116333007811,\n              37.43234100120862\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.4041748046875,\n              37.43234100120862\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab1e4b07f02db66e9d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foxgrover, Amy C.","contributorId":45775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foxgrover","given":"Amy C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Higgins, Shawn A.","contributorId":60709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higgins","given":"Shawn","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ingraca, Melissa K.","contributorId":66339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingraca","given":"Melissa","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jaffe, Bruce E. 0000-0002-8816-5920 bjaffe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8816-5920","contributorId":2049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"Bruce","email":"bjaffe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":249281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, Richard E.","contributorId":40606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":54126,"text":"ofr20041080 - 2004 - Sediment grain-size and loss-on-ignition analyses from 2002 Englebright Lake coring and sampling campaigns","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-10T06:32:14","indexId":"ofr20041080","displayToPublicDate":"2004-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1080","displayTitle":"Sediment Grain-Size and Loss-on-Ignition Analyses from 2002 Englebright Lake Coring and Sampling Campaigns","title":"Sediment grain-size and loss-on-ignition analyses from 2002 Englebright Lake coring and sampling campaigns","docAbstract":"This report presents sedimentologic data from three 2002 sampling campaigns conducted in Englebright Lake on the Yuba River in northern California. This work was done to assess the properties of the material deposited in the reservoir between completion of Englebright Dam in 1940 and 2002, as part of the Upper Yuba River Studies Program. Included are the results of grain-size-distribution and loss-on-ignition analyses for 561 samples, as well as an error analysis based on replicate pairs of subsamples.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041080","usgsCitation":"Snyder, N., Allen, J., Dare, C., Hampton, M.A., Schneider, G., Wooley, R.J., Alpers, C.N., and Marvin-DiPasquale, M.C., 2004, Sediment grain-size and loss-on-ignition analyses from 2002 Englebright Lake coring and sampling campaigns (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1080, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041080.","productDescription":"46 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":178116,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5573,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1080/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Englebright Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.27121,39.24487 ], [ -121.27121,39.29387 ], [ -121.21188,39.29387 ], [ -121.21188,39.24487 ], [ -121.27121,39.24487 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fc130","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snyder, Noah P.","contributorId":43848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"Noah P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, James R.","contributorId":51840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"James R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dare, Carlin","contributorId":18840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dare","given":"Carlin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hampton, Margaret A.","contributorId":13688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hampton","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schneider, Gary","contributorId":27544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"Gary","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wooley, Ryan J.","contributorId":43849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooley","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Alpers, Charles N. 0000-0001-6945-7365 cnalpers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6945-7365","contributorId":411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpers","given":"Charles","email":"cnalpers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":249266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Marvin-DiPasquale, Mark C. 0000-0002-8186-9167 mmarvin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8186-9167","contributorId":1485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marvin-DiPasquale","given":"Mark","email":"mmarvin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":249267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":53705,"text":"ofr20041027 - 2004 - Rocky Mountain Snowpack Chemistry at Selected Sites, 2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:39","indexId":"ofr20041027","displayToPublicDate":"2004-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1027","title":"Rocky Mountain Snowpack Chemistry at Selected Sites, 2002","docAbstract":"During spring 2002, the chemical composition of annual snowpacks in the Rocky Mountain region of the Western United States was analyzed. Snow samples were collected at 75 geographically distributed sites extending from New Mexico to Montana. Near the end of the 2002 snowfall season, the snow-water equivalent (SWE) in annual snowpacks sampled generally was below average in most of the region. Regional patterns in the concentrations of major ions (including ammonium, nitrate, and sulfate), mercury, and stable sulfur isotope ratios are presented.\r\n\r\nThe 2002 snowpack chemistry in the region differed from the previous year. Snowpack ammonium concentrations were higher at 66 percent of sites in Montana compared to concentrations in the 2001 snowpack but were lower at 74 percent of sites in Wyoming, Colorado, and New Mexico. Nitrate was lower at all Montana sites and lower at all but one Wyoming site; nitrate was higher at all but two Colorado sites and higher at all New Mexico sites. Sulfate was lower across the region at 77 percent of sites. The range of mercury concentrations for the region was similar to those of 2001 but showed more variability than ammonium, nitrate, and sulfate concentrations. Concentrations of stable sulfur isotope ratios exhibited a strong regional pattern with values increasing northward from southern Colorado to northern Colorado and Wyoming.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041027","usgsCitation":"Ingersoll, G.P., Mast, M.A., Nanus, L., Manthorne, D.J., Clow, D.W., Handran, H.M., Winterringer, J.A., and Campbell, D.H., 2004, Rocky Mountain Snowpack Chemistry at Selected Sites, 2002 (Online only): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1027, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041027.","productDescription":"15 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5047,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr20041027/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":177642,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Online only","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fe359","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ingersoll, George P. gpingers@usgs.gov","contributorId":1469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"George","email":"gpingers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mast, M. Alisa 0000-0001-6253-8162 mamast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6253-8162","contributorId":827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mast","given":"M.","email":"mamast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Alisa","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nanus, Leora","contributorId":27930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nanus","given":"Leora","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Manthorne, David J.","contributorId":90380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manthorne","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Clow, David W. 0000-0001-6183-4824 dwclow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6183-4824","contributorId":1671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clow","given":"David","email":"dwclow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Handran, Heather M.","contributorId":101316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handran","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Winterringer, Jesse A.","contributorId":29881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winterringer","given":"Jesse","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Campbell, Donald H. dhcampbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Donald","email":"dhcampbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":248155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":54048,"text":"sir20045004 - 2004 - Sharing of Ribotype Patterns of Escherichia Coli Isolates During Baseflow and Stormflow Conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-03T12:26:55","indexId":"sir20045004","displayToPublicDate":"2004-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5004","title":"Sharing of Ribotype Patterns of Escherichia Coli Isolates During Baseflow and Stormflow Conditions","docAbstract":"Factors affecting bacterial source tracking are important to understand because they affect the amount of sampling needed to describe fecal sources in a watershed adequately. The study area was a 76-kilometer reach of the Chattahoochee River and its tributaries in Metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia. Escherichia coli was isolated from water samples collected during baseflow and stormflow conditions from four mainstem and eight tributary sites; 262 isolates were ribotyped and assessed for their similarity. The vast majority of the E. coli ribotype patterns were unshared, whether the comparisons were between baseflow and stormflow conditions at one location, or between one location and another. The data suggest that either baseflow and stormflow conditions affected sharing of ribotype patterns, or that the sample size was too small to characterize the sharing adequately. Regardless, the results suggest that a large sampling of E. coli isolates is needed during various flow conditions from watersheds with complex land-use patterns for adequate bacterial source tracking.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20045004","usgsCitation":"Hartel, P.G., Frick, E.A., Funk, A.L., Hill, J.L., Summer, J.D., and Gregory, M.B., 2004, Sharing of Ribotype Patterns of Escherichia Coli Isolates During Baseflow and Stormflow Conditions: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5004, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045004.","productDescription":"10 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":174754,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5490,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir2004-5004/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","city":"Atlanta","otherGeospatial":"Chattahoochee River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83.71307373046874,\n              35.67068501330236\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.71307373046874,\n              35.67068501330236\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.7103271484375,\n              35.67068501330236\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.7103271484375,\n              35.67068501330236\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.71307373046874,\n              35.67068501330236\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"stroke\": \"#555555\",\n        \"stroke-width\": 2,\n        \"stroke-opacity\": 1,\n        \"fill\": \"#555555\",\n        \"fill-opacity\": 0.5\n      },\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83.6883544921875,\n              34.21520907870628\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.57986450195312,\n              34.309412579370544\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.59771728515625,\n              34.40577662146836\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.65951538085938,\n              34.46467409091155\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.74603271484375,\n              34.50655662164561\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.92044067382812,\n              34.496370914707285\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.39285278320312,\n              34.21293781333383\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.67437744140625,\n              33.935384693959776\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.64279174804688,\n              33.79056118537378\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.561767578125,\n              33.678639851675555\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.39559936523438,\n              33.67406853374198\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.26376342773438,\n              33.762023698086736\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.00970458984375,\n              33.98664113654014\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.6883544921875,\n              34.21520907870628\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fae4b07f02db5f4065","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hartel, Peter G.","contributorId":8725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartel","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frick, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":98714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frick","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Funk, Adrienne L.","contributorId":86634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Adrienne","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hill, Jennifer L.","contributorId":78604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Summer, Jacob D.","contributorId":49234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Summer","given":"Jacob","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gregory, M. Brian","contributorId":105772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gregory","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Brian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70226939,"text":"70226939 - 2004 - Granular avalanches across irregular three-dimensional terrain: 2. Experimental tests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-21T17:26:29.923949","indexId":"70226939","displayToPublicDate":"2004-03-27T11:23:22","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6503,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Granular avalanches across irregular three-dimensional terrain: 2. Experimental tests","docAbstract":"<p><span>Scaling considerations indicate that miniature experiments can be used to test models of granular avalanches in which the effects of intergranular fluid and cohesion are negligible. To test predictions of a granular avalanche model described in a companion paper, we performed bench top experiments involving avalanches of dry sand across irregular basal topography that mimicked the complexity of natural terrain. The experiments employed a novel method of laser-assisted cartography to map the three-dimensional morphology of rapidly moving avalanches, thereby providing high-resolution data for comparison with model output. Model input consisted of two material properties (angles of internal and basal Coulomb friction of the sand), which were measured in independent tests, and of initial and boundary conditions that characterized the geometry of the experimental apparatus. Experimental results demonstrate that the model accurately predicts not only the gross behavior but also many details of avalanche motion, from initiation to deposition. We attribute this accuracy to a mathematical and computational formulation that conserves mass and momentum in three-dimensional physical space and satisfies the Coulomb equation in three-dimensional stress space. Our results support the hypothesis that a Coulomb proportionality between shear and normal stresses applies in moderately rapid granular flows and that complicated constitutive postulates are unnecessary if momentum conservation is strictly enforced in continuum avalanche models. Furthermore, predictions of our Coulomb continuum model contrast with those of a Coulomb point mass model, illustrating the importance of multidimensional modeling and model testing.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2003JF000084","usgsCitation":"Iverson, R.M., Logan, M., and Denlinger, R.P., 2004, Granular avalanches across irregular three-dimensional terrain: 2. Experimental tests: Journal of Geophysical Research Earth Surface, v. 109, no. F1, F01015, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JF000084.","productDescription":"F01015, 16 p.","costCenters":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478043,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2003jf000084","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":393217,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"109","issue":"F1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-03-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Iverson, Richard M. 0000-0002-7369-3819 riverson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7369-3819","contributorId":536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iverson","given":"Richard","email":"riverson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":828862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Logan, Matthew 0000-0002-3558-2405 mlogan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3558-2405","contributorId":638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Logan","given":"Matthew","email":"mlogan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":828863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Denlinger, Roger P. 0000-0003-0930-0635 roger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-0635","contributorId":2679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denlinger","given":"Roger","email":"roger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":828864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70226938,"text":"70226938 - 2004 - Granular avalanches across irregular three-dimensional terrain: 1. Theory and computation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-21T17:22:50.320389","indexId":"70226938","displayToPublicDate":"2004-03-27T11:19:30","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6503,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Granular avalanches across irregular three-dimensional terrain: 1. Theory and computation","docAbstract":"<p><span>To establish a theoretical basis for predicting and interpreting the behavior of rapid mass movements on Earth's surface, we develop and test a new computational model for gravity-driven motion of granular avalanches across irregular, three-dimensional (3-D) terrain. The principles embodied in the model are simple and few: continuum mass and momentum conservation and intergranular stress generation governed by Coulomb friction. However, significant challenges result from the necessity of satisfying these principles when deforming avalanches interact with steep and highly variable 3-D terrain. We address these challenges in four ways. (1) We formulate depth-averaged governing equations that are referenced to a rectangular Cartesian coordinate system (with&nbsp;</span><i>z</i><span>&nbsp;vertical) and that account explicitly for the effect of nonzero vertical accelerations on depth-averaged mass and momentum fluxes and stress states. (2) We compute fluxes of mass and momentum across vertical cell boundaries using a high-resolution finite volume method and Roe-type Riemann solver. Our algorithm incorporates flux difference splitting, an entropy correction for the flux, and eigenvector decomposition to embed the effects of driving and resisting forces in Riemann solutions. (3) We use a finite element method and avalanche displacements predicted by Riemann solutions to compute Coulomb stresses conjugate to the displacements in 3-D stress space. (4) We test the model output against analytical solutions, a sand cone conceptual experiment, and (in a companion paper) data from detailed laboratory experiments. Model results illustrate a complex interplay of basal traction and internal stress, and they successfully predict not only the gross behavior but also many details of avalanche motion from initiation to deposition.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2003JF000085","usgsCitation":"Denlinger, R.P., and Iverson, R.M., 2004, Granular avalanches across irregular three-dimensional terrain: 1. Theory and computation: Journal of Geophysical Research Earth Surface, v. 109, no. F1, F01014, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JF000085.","productDescription":"F01014, 14 p.","costCenters":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478044,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2003jf000085","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":393216,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"109","issue":"F1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-03-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Denlinger, Roger P. 0000-0003-0930-0635 roger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-0635","contributorId":2679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denlinger","given":"Roger","email":"roger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":828860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Iverson, Richard M. 0000-0002-7369-3819 riverson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7369-3819","contributorId":536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iverson","given":"Richard","email":"riverson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":828861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70202349,"text":"70202349 - 2004 - Preparing for THEMIS controlled global Mars mosaics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-03T15:13:16.581959","indexId":"70202349","displayToPublicDate":"2004-03-20T09:02:37","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Preparing for THEMIS controlled global Mars mosaics","docAbstract":"<p><span>We have begun work to prepare for producing controlled 2001 Mars Odyssey THEMIS infrared (IR) and visible (VIS) global mosaics of Mars. This effort is being coordinated with colleagues from Arizona State University and on the THEMIS team who plan to address radiometric issues in making such mosaics. We are concentrating on geometric issues. Several areas of investigation are now in progress, including: a) characterizing the absolute pointing accuracy of THEMIS images; b) investigating whether automatic tie point matching algorithms could be used to provide connections between overlapping THEMIS images; c) developing algorithms to allow for the photogrammetric (bundle) adjustment of the THEMIS IR (line scanner) camera images. Our primary goal in this pilot study effort will be to make several test control THEMIS mosaics and better determine which methods could be used, which require development, and what level of effort is required, in order to make large regional or global controlled THEMIS mosaics.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Lunar and Planetary Science XXXV : papers presented at the thirty-fifth Lunar and Planetary Science Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Lunar and Planetary Science Conference","conferenceDate":"March 15-19, 2004","conferenceLocation":"League City, Texas","language":"English","publisher":"Lunar and Planetary Institute","usgsCitation":"Archinal, B.A., Weller, L., Sides, S., Cushing, G.E., Kirk, R.L., Soderblom, L.A., and Duxbury, T.C., 2004, Preparing for THEMIS controlled global Mars mosaics, <i>in</i> Lunar and Planetary Science XXXV : papers presented at the thirty-fifth Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, League City, Texas, March 15-19, 2004, 512 x 512.","productDescription":"512 x 512","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":361488,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Archinal, Brent A. 0000-0002-6654-0742 barchinal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6654-0742","contributorId":2816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Archinal","given":"Brent","email":"barchinal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weller, Lynn A. lweller@usgs.gov","contributorId":4585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weller","given":"Lynn A.","email":"lweller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":757961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sides, Stuart C. ssides@usgs.gov","contributorId":5055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sides","given":"Stuart C.","email":"ssides@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":757962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cushing, Glen E. 0000-0002-9673-8207 gcushing@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9673-8207","contributorId":175449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cushing","given":"Glen","email":"gcushing@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kirk, Randolph L. 0000-0003-0842-9226 rkirk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-9226","contributorId":2765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Randolph","email":"rkirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Soderblom, Laurence A. 0000-0002-0917-853X lsoderblom@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0917-853X","contributorId":2721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soderblom","given":"Laurence","email":"lsoderblom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Duxbury, T. C.","contributorId":91983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duxbury","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":36392,"text":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":757966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70184422,"text":"70184422 - 2004 - Mineral dissolution in the Cape Cod aquifer, Massachusetts, USA: I . Reaction stoichiometry and impact of accessory feldspar and glauconite on strontium isotopes, solute concentrations, and REY distribution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-08T14:37:53","indexId":"70184422","displayToPublicDate":"2004-03-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineral dissolution in the Cape Cod aquifer, Massachusetts, USA: I . Reaction stoichiometry and impact of accessory feldspar and glauconite on strontium isotopes, solute concentrations, and REY distribution","docAbstract":"<p><span>To compare relative reaction rates of mineral dissolution in a mineralogically simple groundwater aquifer, we studied the controls on solute concentrations, Sr isotopes, and rare earth element and yttrium (REY) systematics in the Cape Cod aquifer. This aquifer comprises mostly carbonate-free Pleistocene sediments that are about 90% quartz with minor K-feldspar, plagioclase, glauconite, and Fe-oxides. Silica concentrations and pH in the groundwater increase systematically with increasing depth, while Sr isotopic ratios decrease. No clear relationship between </span><sup>87</sup><span>Sr/</span><sup>86</sup><span>Sr and Sr concentration is observed. At all depths, the </span><sup>87</sup><span>Sr/</span><sup>86</sup><span>Sr ratio of the groundwater is considerably lower than the Sr isotopic ratio of the bulk sediment or its K-feldspar component, but similar to that of a plagioclase-rich accessory separate obtained from the sediment. The Si-</span><sup>87</sup><span>Sr/</span><sup>86</sup><span>Sr-depth relationships are consistent with dissolution of accessory plagioclase. In addition, solutes such as Sr, Ca, and particularly K show concentration spikes superimposed on their respective general trends. The K-Sr-</span><sup>87</sup><span>Sr/</span><sup>86</sup><span>Sr systematics suggests that accessory glauconite is another major solute source to Cape Cod groundwater. Although the authigenic glauconite in the Cape Cod sediment is rich in Rb, it is low in in-grown radiogenic </span><sup>87</sup><span>Sr because of its young Pleistocene age. The low </span><sup>87</sup><span>Sr/</span><sup>86</sup><span>Sr ratios are consistent with equilibration of glauconite with seawater. The impact of glauconite is inferred to vary due to its variable abundance in the sediments. In the Cape Cod groundwater, the variation of REY concentrations with sampling depth resembles that of K and Rb, but differs from that of Ca and Sr. Shale-normalized REY patterns are light REY depleted, show negative Ce anomalies and super-chondritic Y/Ho ratios, but no Eu anomalies. REY input from feldspar, therefore, is insignificant compared to input from a K-Rb-bearing phase, inferred to be glauconite. These results emphasize that interpretation of groundwater chemistry, even in relatively simple aquifers, may be complicated by solute contributions from “exotic” accessory minerals such as glauconite. To detect such peculiarities, groundwater studies should combine the study of elemental concentration and isotopic composition of several solutes that show different geochemical behavior.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2003.08.015","usgsCitation":"Bau, M., Alexander, B., Chesley, J.T., Dulski, P., and Brantley, S.L., 2004, Mineral dissolution in the Cape Cod aquifer, Massachusetts, USA: I . Reaction stoichiometry and impact of accessory feldspar and glauconite on strontium isotopes, solute concentrations, and REY distribution: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 68, no. 5, p. 1199-1216, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2003.08.015.","productDescription":"18 p. ","startPage":"1199","endPage":"1216","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337121,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Ashumet Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.43815612792969,\n              41.602607315101025\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.41412353515625,\n              41.63289383965063\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.653076171875,\n              41.67086022030498\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.65994262695312,\n              41.6262217593042\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.68603515625,\n              41.52502957323801\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.65582275390625,\n              41.51577568269484\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.60157775878906,\n              41.545589036668105\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.47866821289062,\n              41.55175560133366\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.43815612792969,\n              41.602607315101025\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"68","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c12641e4b014cc3a3d34e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bau, Michael","contributorId":103174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bau","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alexander, Brian","contributorId":187706,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alexander","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chesley, John T.","contributorId":187707,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chesley","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":681419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dulski, Peter","contributorId":187708,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dulski","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brantley, Susan L. 0000-0003-4320-2342","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4320-2342","contributorId":184201,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brantley","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70178622,"text":"70178622 - 2004 - Limiting spread of a unicolonial invasive insect and characterization of seasonal patterns of range expansion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T13:00:01","indexId":"70178622","displayToPublicDate":"2004-03-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1018,"text":"Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Limiting spread of a unicolonial invasive insect and characterization of seasonal patterns of range expansion","docAbstract":"<p><span>Limiting dispersal is a fundamental strategy in the control of invasive species, and in certain situations containment of incipient populations may be an important management technique. To test the feasibility of slowing the rapid spread of two Argentine ant (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Linepithema humile</i><span>) supercolonies in Haleakala National Park, Hawaii, we applied ant bait and toxicant within an experimental plot situated along a supercolony boundary. The 120×260 m plot simulated a small section of what could potentially be a 120 m wide treatment encompassing the entire expanding boundaries of both supercolonies. Foraging ant numbers at baited monitoring stations decreased sharply within two weeks after treatment, and ant spread was completely halted within the plot for at least one year. In contrast, an adjacent untreated colony boundary advanced an average of 65.2 m over the course of 1 year. Most of this spread took place in the summer and fall, at the time of highest ant abundance at bait monitoring stations, while no outward dispersal occurred during the spring and early summer. These patterns are consistent with the hypothesis that local budding dispersal in this unicolonial species stems from density dependent pressure rather than inherent founding behavior associated with mating. Based on results from this experiment, we are investigating the effectiveness of annual boundary treatments in slowing the Argentine ant invasion at Haleakala National Park. The goals of this program are to protect populations of native arthropods and to keep options open for eventual attempts at eradication.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","publisherLocation":"Dordrecht","doi":"10.1023/B:BINV.0000010121.45225.cc","usgsCitation":"Krushelnycky, P.D., Loope, L.L., and Joe, S.M., 2004, Limiting spread of a unicolonial invasive insect and characterization of seasonal patterns of range expansion: Biological Invasions, v. 6, no. 1, p. 47-57, https://doi.org/10.1023/B:BINV.0000010121.45225.cc.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"47","endPage":"57","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331385,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","county":"Maui","otherGeospatial":"Haleakala National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -156.42677307128906,\n              20.608363387859857\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.42677307128906,\n              20.899229877849546\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.11846923828125,\n              20.899229877849546\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.11846923828125,\n              20.608363387859857\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.42677307128906,\n              20.608363387859857\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"584144e1e4b04fc80e5073bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krushelnycky, Paul D.","contributorId":24252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krushelnycky","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loope, Lloyd L.","contributorId":107848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loope","given":"Lloyd","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":654598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Joe, Stephanie M.","contributorId":177093,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Joe","given":"Stephanie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70226941,"text":"70226941 - 2004 - Comment on “Piezometric response in shallow bedrock at CB1: Implications for runoff generation and landsliding” by David R. Montgomery, William E. Dietrich, and John T. Heffner","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-21T17:38:56.981178","indexId":"70226941","displayToPublicDate":"2004-03-09T11:32:50","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comment on “Piezometric response in shallow bedrock at CB1: Implications for runoff generation and landsliding” by David R. Montgomery, William E. Dietrich, and John T. Heffner","docAbstract":"<p><span>Piezometric responses to rainfall on hillslopes commonly dictate the timing of landsliding. Insight to this phenomenon can be gained by evaluating the timescales for pore pressure perturbations to propagate normal and parallel to the ground surface, and these timescales can be estimated using characteristic values of hydraulic diffusivity [</span><span><i>Iverson</i>, 2000</span><span>]. However,&nbsp;</span><span><i>Montgomery et al.</i>&nbsp;[2002]</span><span>&nbsp;employed an erroneous definition of hydraulic diffusivity, leading to flawed assessment of the piezometric response timescales identified by&nbsp;</span><span><i>Iverson</i>&nbsp;[2000]</span><span>. This comment aims to rectify the errors of&nbsp;</span><span><i>Montgomery et al.</i>&nbsp;[2002]</span><span>&nbsp;and clarify the methods used by&nbsp;</span><span><i>Iverson</i>&nbsp;[2000]</span><span>&nbsp;to estimate piezometric response timescales at the CB1 field site studied by Montgomery et al.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","doi":"10.1029/2003WR002077","usgsCitation":"Iverson, R.M., 2004, Comment on “Piezometric response in shallow bedrock at CB1: Implications for runoff generation and landsliding” by David R. Montgomery, William E. Dietrich, and John T. Heffner: Water Resources Research, v. 40, no. 3, p. 1-3, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003WR002077.","productDescription":"W03801, 3 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"3","costCenters":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478045,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2003wr002077","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":393220,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-03-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Iverson, Richard M. 0000-0002-7369-3819 riverson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7369-3819","contributorId":536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iverson","given":"Richard","email":"riverson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":828866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70230345,"text":"70230345 - 2004 - Internal tides and the Continental Slope: Curious waves coursing beneath the surface of the sea may shape the margins of the world's landmasses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-07T16:28:12.001943","indexId":"70230345","displayToPublicDate":"2004-03-01T11:24:57","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":743,"text":"American Scientist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Internal tides and the Continental Slope: Curious waves coursing beneath the surface of the sea may shape the margins of the world's landmasses","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Sigma Xi","usgsCitation":"Cacchione, D.A., and Pratson, L.F., 2004, Internal tides and the Continental Slope: Curious waves coursing beneath the surface of the sea may shape the margins of the world's landmasses: American Scientist, v. 92, no. 4, p. 130-137.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"130","endPage":"137","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":398320,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":398319,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/27858361"}],"volume":"92","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cacchione, David A.","contributorId":37327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cacchione","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":840035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pratson, Lincoln F.","contributorId":105885,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pratson","given":"Lincoln","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":7135,"text":"Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":27331,"text":"Duke University, Durham, NC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":840036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":53709,"text":"ofr20041008 - 2004 - Geophysical Terranes of the Great Basin and Parts of Surrounding Provinces","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:39","indexId":"ofr20041008","displayToPublicDate":"2004-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1008","title":"Geophysical Terranes of the Great Basin and Parts of Surrounding Provinces","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041008","usgsCitation":"Glen, J., McKee, E.H., Ludington, S., Ponce, D.A., Hildenbrand, T.G., and Hopkins, M.J., 2004, Geophysical Terranes of the Great Basin and Parts of Surrounding Provinces: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1008, 303 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041008.","productDescription":"303 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177724,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5051,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1008/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c433","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glen, Jonathan M. G.","contributorId":45756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glen","given":"Jonathan M. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKee, Edwin H. mckee@usgs.gov","contributorId":3728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Edwin","email":"mckee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":248175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ludington, Steve","contributorId":106848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ludington","given":"Steve","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ponce, David A. 0000-0003-4785-7354 ponce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4785-7354","contributorId":1049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponce","given":"David","email":"ponce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hildenbrand, Thomas G.","contributorId":61787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildenbrand","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hopkins, Melanie J.","contributorId":95132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopkins","given":"Melanie","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":53951,"text":"ofr20041047 - 2004 - Publications of the Volcano Hazards Program 2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:41","indexId":"ofr20041047","displayToPublicDate":"2004-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1047","title":"Publications of the Volcano Hazards Program 2002","docAbstract":"The Volcano Hazards Program of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is part of the Geologic Hazards Assessments subactivity as funded by Congressional appropriation. Investigations are carried out in the Geology and Hydrology Disciplines of the USGS and with cooperators at the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys, University of Alaska Fairbanks Geophysical Institute, University of Hawaii Hilo, University of Utah, and University of Washington Geophysics Program. This report lists publications from all these institutions.\r\n\r\nThis report contains only published papers and maps; numerous abstracts produced for presentations at scientific meetings have not been included. Publications are included based on date of publication with no attempt to assign them to Fiscal Year.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041047","usgsCitation":"Nathenson, M., 2004, Publications of the Volcano Hazards Program 2002: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1047, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041047.","productDescription":"11 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177928,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4864,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1047/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db698332","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nathenson, Manuel 0000-0002-5216-984X mnathnsn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5216-984X","contributorId":1358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nathenson","given":"Manuel","email":"mnathnsn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":53950,"text":"ofr20041039 - 2004 - Location, Age, and Tectonic Significance of the Western Idaho Suture Zone (WISZ)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:41","indexId":"ofr20041039","displayToPublicDate":"2004-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1039","title":"Location, Age, and Tectonic Significance of the Western Idaho Suture Zone (WISZ)","docAbstract":"The Western Idaho Suture Zone (WISZ) represents the boundary between crust overlying Proterozoic North American lithosphere and Late Paleozoic and Mesozoic intraoceanic crust accreted during Cretaceous time. Highly deformed plutons constituted of both arc and sialic components intrude the WISZ and in places are thrust over the accreted terranes. Pronounced variations in Sr, Nd, and O isotope ratios and in major and trace element composition occur across the suture zone in Mesozoic plutons. The WISZ is located by an abrupt west to east increase in initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios, traceable for over 300 km from eastern Washington near Clarkston, east along the Clearwater River thorough a bend to the south of about 110? from Orofino Creek to Harpster, and extending south-southwest to near Ola, Idaho, where Columbia River basalts conceal its extension to the south. K-Ar and 40Ar/39Ar apparent ages of hornblende and biotite from Jurassic and Early Cretaceous plutons in the accreted terranes are highly discordant within about 10 km of the WISZ, exhibiting patterns of thermal loss caused by deformation, subsequent batholith intrusion, and rapid rise of the continental margin. Major crustal movements within the WISZ commenced after about 135 Ma, but much of the displacement may have been largely vertical, during and following emplacement of batholith-scale silicic magmas. Deformation continued until at least 85 Ma and probably until 74 Ma, progressing from south to north.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041039","usgsCitation":"Fleck, R.J., and Criss, R.E., 2004, Location, Age, and Tectonic Significance of the Western Idaho Suture Zone (WISZ): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1039, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041039.","productDescription":"48 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177845,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4863,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1039/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db63550e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fleck, Robert J. 0000-0002-3149-8249 fleck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3149-8249","contributorId":1048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleck","given":"Robert","email":"fleck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Criss, Robert E.","contributorId":39447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Criss","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":53749,"text":"ofr0319 - 2004 - Mineral Commodity Profiles: Antimony","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:26","indexId":"ofr0319","displayToPublicDate":"2004-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-19","title":"Mineral Commodity Profiles: Antimony","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr0319","usgsCitation":"Butterman, W., and Carlin, J., 2004, Mineral Commodity Profiles: Antimony: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-19, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0319.","productDescription":"35 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":178956,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5150,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-019/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635708","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butterman, W. C.","contributorId":13679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butterman","given":"W. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carlin, J.F. Jr.","contributorId":8166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlin","given":"J.F.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":50652,"text":"ofr02238 - 2004 - Mineral commodity profiles: Cadmium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:25","indexId":"ofr02238","displayToPublicDate":"2004-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-238","title":"Mineral commodity profiles: Cadmium","docAbstract":"Overview -- Cadmium is a soft, low-melting-point metal that has many uses. It is similar in abundance to antimony and bismuth and is the 63d element in order of crustal abundance. Cadmium is associated in nature with zinc (and, less closely, with lead and copper) and is extracted mainly as a byproduct of the mining and processing of zinc. In 2000, it was refined in 27 countries, of which the 8 largest accounted for two-thirds of world production. The United States was the third largest refiner after Japan and China. World production in 2000 was 19,700 metric tons (t) and U.S. production was 1,890 t. In the United States, one company in Illinois and another in Tennessee refined primary cadmium. A Pennsylvania company recovered cadmium from scrap, mainly spent nickel-cadmium (NiCd) batteries. The supply of cadmium in the world and in the United States appears to be adequate to meet future industrial needs; the United States has about 23 percent of the world reserve base.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr02238","usgsCitation":"Butterman, W., and Plachy, J., 2004, Mineral commodity profiles: Cadmium (Version 1.0, online only): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-238, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02238.","productDescription":"25 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":4134,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/of02-238/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":169893,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Version 1.0, online only","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635889","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butterman, W. C.","contributorId":13679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butterman","given":"W. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plachy, Jozef","contributorId":38196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plachy","given":"Jozef","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70184512,"text":"70184512 - 2004 - Evaluation of volatilization as a natural attenuation pathway for MTBE","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-10T10:37:33","indexId":"70184512","displayToPublicDate":"2004-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of volatilization as a natural attenuation pathway for MTBE","docAbstract":"<p><span>Volatilization and diffusion through the unsaturated zone can be an important pathway for natural attenuation remediation of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) at gasoline spill sites. The significance of this pathway depends primarily on the distribution of immiscible product within the unsaturated zone and the relative magnitude of aqueous-phase advection (ground water recharge) to gaseous-phase diffusion. At a gasoline spill site in Laurel Bay, South Carolina, rates of MTBE volatilization from ground water downgradient from the source are estimated by analyzing the distribution of MTBE in the unsaturated zone above a solute plume. Volatilization rates of MTBE from ground water determined by transport modeling ranged from 0.0020 to 0.0042 g m-</span><sup>2</sup><span>/year, depending on the assumed rate of ground water recharge. Although diffusive conditions at the Laurel Bay site are favorable for volatilization, mass loss of MTBE is insignificant over the length (230 m) of the solute plume. Based on this analysis, significant volatilization of MTBE from ground water downgradient from source areas at other sites is not likely. In contrast, model results indicate that volatilization coupled with diffusion to the atmosphere could be a significant mass loss pathway for MTBE in source areas where residual product resides above the capillary zone. Although not documented, mass loss of MTBE at the Laurel Bay site due to volatilization and diffusion to the atmosphere are predicted to be two to three times greater than mass loading of MTBE to ground water due to dissolution and recharge. This result would imply that volatilization in the source zone may be the critical natural attenuation pathway for MTBE at gasoline spill sites, especially when considering capillary zone limitations on volatilization of MTBE from ground water and the relative recalcitrance of MTBE to biodegradation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2004.tb02672.x","usgsCitation":"Lahvis, M.A., Baehr, A.L., and Baker, R.J., 2004, Evaluation of volatilization as a natural attenuation pathway for MTBE: Groundwater, v. 42, no. 2, p. 258-267, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2004.tb02672.x.","productDescription":"10 p. ","startPage":"258","endPage":"267","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337305,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c3c942e4b0f37a93ee9b2f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lahvis, Matthew A.","contributorId":104522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lahvis","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baehr, Arthur L.","contributorId":104523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baehr","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baker, Ronald J. rbaker@usgs.gov","contributorId":1436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Ronald","email":"rbaker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":53677,"text":"ofr03487B - 2004 - Bedrock geologic map of the New Milford quadrangle, Litchfield and Fairfield Counties, Connecticut","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-26T18:22:16.046663","indexId":"ofr03487B","displayToPublicDate":"2004-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-487","chapter":"B","title":"Bedrock geologic map of the New Milford quadrangle, Litchfield and Fairfield Counties, Connecticut","docAbstract":"The bedrock geology of the New Milford quadrangle, Litchfield and Fairfield Counties, Connecticut is described in this report. The database includes contacts of bedrock geologic units, faults, outcrops, structural geologic information, and photos.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr03487B","usgsCitation":"Walsh, G.J., 2004, Bedrock geologic map of the New Milford quadrangle, Litchfield and Fairfield Counties, Connecticut (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-487, GIS database, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03487B.","productDescription":"GIS database","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":4996,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-487/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":178645,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":110479,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_63296.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"63296"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut","county":"Fairfield County, Litchfield County","otherGeospatial":"New Milford quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -73.5,\n              41.625\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.5,\n              41.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.375,\n              41.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.375,\n              41.625\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.5,\n              41.625\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6be4b07f02db63db30","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walsh, Gregory J. 0000-0003-4264-8836 gwalsh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4264-8836","contributorId":873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"Gregory","email":"gwalsh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":53815,"text":"ofr20041072 - 2004 - Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the Padua Fire of 2003, Southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:58","indexId":"ofr20041072","displayToPublicDate":"2004-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1072","title":"Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the Padua Fire of 2003, Southern California","docAbstract":"Results of a present preliminary assessment of the probability of debris-flow activity and estimates of peak discharges that can potentially be generated by debris flows issuing from basins burned by the Padua Fire of October 2003 in southern California in response to 25-year, 10-year, and 2-year recurrence, 1-hour duration rain storms are presented. The resulting probability maps are based on the application of a logistic multiple-regression model (Cannon and others, 2004) that describes the percent chance of debris-flow production from an individual basin as a function of burned extent, soil properties, basin gradients, and storm rainfall. The resulting peak discharge maps are based on application of a multiple-regression model (Cannon and others, 2004) that can be used to estimate debris-flow peak discharge at a basin outlet as a function of basin gradient, burn extent, and storm rainfall. Probabilities of debris-flow occurrence for the Padua Fire range between 0 and 99% and estimates of debris-flow peak discharges range between 1211 and 6,096 ft3/s (34 to 173 m3/s). These maps are intended to identify those basins that are most prone to the largest debris-flow events and provide information for the preliminary design of mitigation measures and for the planning of evacuation timing and routes.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041072","usgsCitation":"Cannon, S.H., Gartner, J.E., Rupert, M.G., and Michael, J.A., 2004, Emergency Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards from Basins Burned by the Padua Fire of 2003, Southern California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1072, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041072.","productDescription":"14 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":181722,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5227,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1072/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db6058e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cannon, Susan H. cannon@usgs.gov","contributorId":1019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Susan","email":"cannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gartner, Joseph E. jegartner@usgs.gov","contributorId":1876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gartner","given":"Joseph","email":"jegartner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rupert, Michael G. mgrupert@usgs.gov","contributorId":1194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rupert","given":"Michael","email":"mgrupert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Michael, John A. jmichael@usgs.gov","contributorId":1877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"John","email":"jmichael@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":248426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":53816,"text":"ofr20041032 - 2004 - Compilation of Data to Support Development of a Pesticide Management Plan by the Yankton Sioux Tribe, Charles Mix County, South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:58","indexId":"ofr20041032","displayToPublicDate":"2004-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1032","title":"Compilation of Data to Support Development of a Pesticide Management Plan by the Yankton Sioux Tribe, Charles Mix County, South Dakota","docAbstract":"The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is working with the Yankton Sioux Tribe to develop a pesticide management plan to reduce potential for contamination of ground water that may result from the use of registered pesticides. The purpose of this study was to compile technical information to support development of a pesticide management plan by the Yankton Sioux Tribe for the area within the Yankton Sioux Reservation, Charles Mix County, South Dakota. Five pesticides (alachlor, atrazine, cyanazine, metolachlor, and simazine) were selected by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for the management plan approach because they had been identified as probable or possible human carcinogens and they often had been associated with ground-water contamination in many areas and at high concentrations.\r\n\r\nThis report provides a compilation of data to support development of a pesticide management plan. Available data sets are summarized in the text of this report, and actual data sets are provided in one Compact Disk?Read-Only Memory that is included with the report.\r\n\r\nThe compact disk contains data sets pertinent to the development of a pesticide management plan. Pesticide use for the study area is described using information from state and national databases. Within South Dakota, pesticides commonly are applied to corn and soybean crops, which are the primary row crops grown in the study area. Water-quality analyses for pesticides are summarized for several surface-water sites. Pesticide concentrations in most samples were found to be below minimum reporting levels. Topographic data are presented in the form of 30-meter digital elevation model grids and delineation of drainage basins. Geohydrologic data are provided for the surficial deposits and the bedrock units. A high-resolution (30-by-30 meters) land-cover and land-use database is provided and summarized in a tabular format. More than 91 percent of the study area is used for row crops, pasture, or hay, and almost 6 percent of the study area is covered by water or wetlands. Average monthly and yearly precipitation data are summarized in a tabular format. Irrigation information associated with permitted and licensed diversion points is provided. A composite of aerial photographs of Charles Mix County is provided. This report also describes and summarizes the data sets and files, and how the data are relevant to development of a pesticide management plan.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041032","usgsCitation":"Schaap, B.D., 2004, Compilation of Data to Support Development of a Pesticide Management Plan by the Yankton Sioux Tribe, Charles Mix County, South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1032, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041032.","productDescription":"23 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":181723,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5228,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1032/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ee4b07f02db6aa17a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schaap, Bryan D.","contributorId":63438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaap","given":"Bryan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":53819,"text":"sir20045015 - 2004 - Estimated Domestic, Irrigation, and Industrial Water Use in Washington, 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:58","indexId":"sir20045015","displayToPublicDate":"2004-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5015","title":"Estimated Domestic, Irrigation, and Industrial Water Use in Washington, 2000","docAbstract":"Since 1950, the U.S. Geological Survey has published a series of Circulars and other reports on the estimated use of water in the United States at 5-year intervals. This report presents State, regional, and county estimates of the amount of water used for domestic, irrigation, and industrial purposes in the State of Washington during the year 2000. Domestic water use was estimated to be 674 million gallons per day and the per-capita rate, 114 gallons per day. Crop-irrigation water use was estimated to be 3,005 million gallons per day and the application rate, 2.2 acre-feet per acre per year, or feet per year. Golf-course irrigation water use was estimated to be 23.6 million gallons per day and the application rate, 1.4 feet per year. Industrial water use was estimated to be 681 million gallons per day. Historically, these core categories account for about 92 percent of the estimated offstream water used in Washington.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20045015","usgsCitation":"Lane, R.C., 2004, Estimated Domestic, Irrigation, and Industrial Water Use in Washington, 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5015, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045015.","productDescription":"16 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":181819,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5231,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir20045015/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fdce4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lane, R. C.","contributorId":6421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":53821,"text":"fs20043028 - 2004 - SAM 2.1&mdash;A computer program for plotting and formatting surveying data for estimating peak discharges by the slope-area method","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-31T07:40:34","indexId":"fs20043028","displayToPublicDate":"2004-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-3028","title":"SAM 2.1&mdash;A computer program for plotting and formatting surveying data for estimating peak discharges by the slope-area method","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) measures discharge in streams using several methods. However, measurement of peak discharges is often impossible or impractical due to difficult access, inherent danger of making measurements during flood events, and timing often associated with flood events. Thus, many peak discharge values often are calculated after the fact by use of indirect methods. The most common indirect method for estimating peak dis- charges in streams is the slope-area method. This, like other indirect methods, requires measuring the flood profile through detailed surveys. Processing the survey data for efficient entry into computer streamflow models can be time demanding; SAM 2.1 is a program designed to expedite that process. The SAM 2.1 computer program is designed to be run in the field on a portable computer. The program processes digital surveying data obtained from an electronic surveying instrument during slope- area measurements. After all measurements have been completed, the program generates files to be input into the SAC (Slope-Area Computation program; Fulford, 1994) or HEC-RAS (Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System; Brunner, 2001) computer streamflow models so that an estimate of the peak discharge can be calculated.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20043028","usgsCitation":"Hortness, J., 2004, SAM 2.1&mdash;A computer program for plotting and formatting surveying data for estimating peak discharges by the slope-area method (Legacy Report): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2004-3028, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20043028.","productDescription":"6 p.","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":262388,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2004/3028/report.pdf"},{"id":262389,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2004/3028/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":265418,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2004/3028/data/fs20043028_SAM.zip"},{"id":265417,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2004/3028/"},{"id":266781,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2004/3028/sam.zip"}],"country":"United States","edition":"Legacy Report","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db69824c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hortness, J.E.","contributorId":80984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hortness","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":53624,"text":"ofr20041045 - 2004 - Surveying Cross Sections of the Kootenai River Between Libby Dam, Montana, and Kootenay Lake, British Columbia, Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-05T14:35:44","indexId":"ofr20041045","displayToPublicDate":"2004-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1045","title":"Surveying Cross Sections of the Kootenai River Between Libby Dam, Montana, and Kootenay Lake, British Columbia, Canada","docAbstract":"The declining population of Kootenai River white sturgeon, which was listed as an Endangered Species in 1994, has prompted a recovery team to assess the feasibility of various habitat enhancement scenarios to reestablish white sturgeon populations. As the first phase in this assessment, the U.S. Geological Survey collected stream channel cross-section and longitudinal data during 2002&mdash;03 at about 400 locations along the Kootenai River from Libby Dam near Libby, Montana, to where the river empties into Kootenay Lake near Creston, British Columbia, Canada. Survey control stations with a horizontal and vertical accuracy of less than 0.1 foot were established using a global positioning system (GPS) prior to collection of stream channel cross-section data along the Kootenai River. A total of 245 cross sections were surveyed. Six cross sections upstream from Kootenai Falls were surveyed using a total station where the river was too shallow or dangerous to navigate by vessel. The remaining 239 cross sections were surveyed by interfacing real-time GPS equipment with an echo sounder to obtain bathymetric data and with a laser range- finder to obtain streambank data. These data were merged, straightened, ordered, and reduced in size to be useful. Spacing between these cross sections ranged from about 600 feet in the valley flat near Deep Creek and Shorty Island and near bridges to as much as several miles in other areas. These stream channel cross sections will provide information that can be used to develop hydraulic flow models of the Kootenai River from Libby Dam, Montana, to Queens Bay on Kootenay Lake in British Columbia, Canada.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041045","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Idaho Department of Fish and Game, and Kootenai Tribe of Idaho","usgsCitation":"Barton, G., Moran, E.H., and Berenbrock, C., 2004, Surveying Cross Sections of the Kootenai River Between Libby Dam, Montana, and Kootenay Lake, British Columbia, Canada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1045, Report: iv, 35 p.; Data files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041045.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 35 p.; Data files","numberOfPages":"42","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":262382,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1045/report.pdf"},{"id":262383,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1045/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":286889,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1045/data/"}],"country":"Canada;United States","state":"Montana;Idaho","city":"Bonners Ferry;Creston;Porthill;Copeland;Moyie Springs;Crossport;Troy","otherGeospatial":"British Columbia;Kootenay Lake;Libby Dam;Bonnington Falls;Corra Lynn Dam;Lake Creek Dam;Kootenai Falls Dam;Moyie Dam","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.9994,47.9788 ], [ -117.9994,49.8515 ], [ -113.9933,49.8515 ], [ -113.9933,47.9788 ], [ -117.9994,47.9788 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db6885f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barton, Gary J. gbarton@usgs.gov","contributorId":1147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barton","given":"Gary J.","email":"gbarton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":247941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moran, Edward H. emoran@usgs.gov","contributorId":5445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Edward","email":"emoran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":247942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Berenbrock, Charles","contributorId":30598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berenbrock","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":53806,"text":"wri034274 - 2004 - Assessment of fish assemblages and minimum sampling effort required to determine botic integrity of large rivers in southern Idaho, 2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-10T12:28:05","indexId":"wri034274","displayToPublicDate":"2004-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4274","title":"Assessment of fish assemblages and minimum sampling effort required to determine botic integrity of large rivers in southern Idaho, 2002","docAbstract":"A critical issue surrounding biomonitoring in large rivers\n(fifth- through seventh-order) is the minimum sampling-reach\ndistance required to collect an adequate number of fish to represent the fish assemblage within a reach. Excessive sampling effort (excessive reach length) is costly in terms of work hours, reduces the number of sites that can be visited, can compromise field-crew safety, can be logistically unfeasible, and can cause unnecessary injury to captured fish. On the other hand, inadequate sampling effort can produce considerable variability in multiple samples collected at a site and may underrepresent the species or river condition present.\n\nDuring the summer of 2002, the U.S. Geological Survey,\nin cooperation with the Idaho Department of Environmental\nQuality, determined the minimum sampling effort required to\ncharacterize fish assemblages at 17 large-river sites in southern Idaho. The study was done as part of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program. Electrofishing methods and multiple\ngear types were used to collect sample populations of fish in river reach lengths representing 40 and 100 times the wetted channel width. Minimum sampling effort was assessed by comparing the relation between reach length and the number of species collected, total individuals collected, and final Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI) scores. Thirty-two species of fish in the families Catostomidae, Centrarchidae, Cottidae, Cyprinidae, Ictaluridae, Percidae,\nand Salmonidae were collected. Of these, 12 alien species were collected, representing about 38 percent of all species\ncollected during the study. Wetted channel\nwidth was determined to be sufficient for collecting an adequate number of fish to estimate species richness and evaluate biotic integrity. At most sites, about 250 fish were needed to effectively represent 95 percent of the species present. Fifty-three percent of the sites assessed, using an IBI developed specifically for large Idaho rivers, received scores of less than 50, indicating poor biotic integrity.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri034274","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Idaho Department of Environmental Quality","usgsCitation":"Maret, T.R., and Ott, D., 2004, Assessment of fish assemblages and minimum sampling effort required to determine botic integrity of large rivers in southern Idaho, 2002 (Version 1.1, Revised November 30, 2005): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4274, iv, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034274.","productDescription":"iv, 16 p.","numberOfPages":"23","temporalStart":"2002-07-25","temporalEnd":"2002-10-02","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":262386,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4274/report.pdf"},{"id":262387,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4274/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Snake River;Blackfoot River;Portneuf River;Rock Creek;Big Lost River;Bruneau River;Owuhee River;Payette River;Weiser River;Salmon River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.06,41.99 ], [ -118.06,46.04 ], [ -110.0,46.04 ], [ -110.0,41.99 ], [ -118.06,41.99 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.1, Revised November 30, 2005","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672994","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maret, Terry R. trmaret@usgs.gov","contributorId":953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maret","given":"Terry","email":"trmaret@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ott, D.S.","contributorId":86366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ott","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":53439,"text":"ofr20041005 - 2004 - Mineral Deposit Data for Epigenetic Base- and Precious-metal and Uranium-thorium Deposits in South-central and Southwestern Montana and Southern and Central Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:59","indexId":"ofr20041005","displayToPublicDate":"2004-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1005","title":"Mineral Deposit Data for Epigenetic Base- and Precious-metal and Uranium-thorium Deposits in South-central and Southwestern Montana and Southern and Central Idaho","docAbstract":"Metal deposits spatially associated with the Cretaceous Boulder and Idaho batholiths of southwestern Montana and southern and central Idaho have been exploited since the early 1860s. Au was first discovered in placer deposits; exploitation of vein deposits in bedrock soon followed. In 1865, high-grade Ag vein deposits were discovered and remained economically important until the 1890s. Early high-grade deposits of Au, Ag and Pb were found in the weathered portions of the veins systems. As mining progressed to deeper levels, Ag and Pb grades diminished. Exploration for and development of these vein deposits in this area have continued until the present. A majority of these base- and precious-metal vein deposits are classified as polymetallic veins (PMV) and polymetallic carbonate-replacement (PMR) deposits in this compilation. Porphyry Cu and Mo, epithermal (Au, Ag, Hg and Sb), base- and precious-metal and W skarn, W vein, and U and Th vein deposits are also common in this area. The world-class Butte Cu porphyry and the Butte high-sulfidation Cu vein deposits are in this study area. PMV and PMR deposits are the most numerous in the region and constitute about 85% of the deposit records compiled. Several types of syngenetic/diagenetic sulfide mineral deposits in rocks of the Belt Supergroup or their equivalents are common in the region and they have been the source of a substantial metal production over the last century. These syngenetic deposits and their metamorphosed/structurally remobilized equivalents were not included in this database; therefore, deposits in the Idaho portion of the Coeur d'Alene district and the Idaho Cobalt belt, for example, have not been included because many of them are believed to be of this type.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041005","usgsCitation":"Klein, T.L., 2004, Mineral Deposit Data for Epigenetic Base- and Precious-metal and Uranium-thorium Deposits in South-central and Southwestern Montana and Southern and Central Idaho (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1005, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041005.","productDescription":"16 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":181505,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5261,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1005/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635788","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klein, T. L.","contributorId":76322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klein","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}