This study presents a quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay for the detection of the endangered diamond darter Crystallaria cincotta from environmental DNA (eDNA) in water samples. The assay design is based on an alignment of mitochondrial cytochrome b DNA sequences from 58 individuals representing 25 percid species. Leveraging genetic differences, a species-specific qPCR assay was designed, incorporating alocked nucleic acid (LNA)-enriched probe and a secondary blocking probe to enhance specificity. The assay targets a 93-base pair fragment that includes a diagnostic single nucleotide polymorphism in the probe region; combined with multiple primer mismatches, this provides specificity for distinguishing C. cincotta from other sympatric percid species. Specificity was validated by testing genomic DNA from 16 percid species and synthetic templates, confirming no cross-reactivity. Performance metrics, including the standard curve, qPCR efficiency, limit of detection, and limit of quantification, are reported. The qPCR assay exhibited sufficient sensitivity to detect C. cincotta eDNA in environmental water samples collected from occupied riverine habitats. This study illustrates the effectiveness of LNA-enriched and blocking probes in developing species-specific qPCR assays for eDNA applications, demonstrating their utility in accurately distinguishing closely related species within diverse fish communities.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s12686-025-01407-4","usgsCitation":"Kinziger, A.P., Layne, C., and Welsh, S.A., 2025, Quantitative PCR detection of endangered diamond darter Crystallaria Cincotta in environmental DNA: Employing locked nucleic acids and blocking probe for specificity: Conservation Genetics Resources, v. 18, 2, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s12686-025-01407-4.","productDescription":"2, 6 p.","ipdsId":"IP-176804","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497498,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kinziger, Andrew P.","contributorId":364132,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kinziger","given":"Andrew","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":86765,"text":"Aquatrace Genomics","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Layne, Cameron M.","contributorId":349281,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Layne","given":"Cameron M.","affiliations":[{"id":40299,"text":"West Virginia Division of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Welsh, Stuart A. 0000-0003-0362-054X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0362-054X","contributorId":217037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welsh","given":"Stuart","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":642,"text":"West Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70272761,"text":"70272761 - 2025 - The Bird Banding Lab Is back online. Thank you for your patience","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-08T16:41:23.606136","indexId":"70272761","displayToPublicDate":"2025-11-15T10:39:03","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":25,"text":"Newsletter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":30,"text":"Newsletter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":23092,"text":"Note to All Banders","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":30}},"title":"The Bird Banding Lab Is back online. Thank you for your patience","docAbstract":"Note to All Banders was a special extra communication with more urgent information relevant to banders. This Note to All Banders was sent to U. S. bird banders on November 14, 2025, following the return of Bird Banding Lab staff after the 43-day furlough. This note includes information regarding staff resuming work and appreciate banders patience as staff works on the backlog resulting from lapsed operations.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Celis-Murillo, A., 2025, The Bird Banding Lab Is back online. Thank you for your patience: Note to All Banders, 2 p,.","productDescription":"2 p,","ipdsId":"IP-183753","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497203,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":497172,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.usgs.gov/media/files/note-banders-november-2025"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Celis-Murillo, Antonio 0000-0002-3371-6529","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3371-6529","contributorId":237851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Celis-Murillo","given":"Antonio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70272739,"text":"70272739 - 2025 - Understanding abundances and behaviors of shorebirds in coastal Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-08T15:17:40.768553","indexId":"70272739","displayToPublicDate":"2025-11-15T09:08:38","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":27,"text":"Preprint"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":32,"text":"Preprint"},"seriesTitle":{"id":19846,"text":"BioRxiv","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":32}},"title":"Understanding abundances and behaviors of shorebirds in coastal Louisiana","docAbstract":"Barrier islands provide resources and ecological services that are integral to economic and environmental interests, such as protection of coastal infrastructure and provision of wildlife habitat. Over time, barrier islands may become eroded and experience land loss, which can require management actions to restore island integrity. Barrier island restoration can create or modify habitats, which can impact the organisms depending on them. Our objective was to understand how the abundance and behaviors of a suite of shorebird species responded to restoration and habitat factors at two restored sites in coastal Louisiana (USA). For five focal species, we used abundance from the breeding and non-breeding seasons as well as breeding, foraging, and maintenance behaviors as response variables in boosted regression tree models to determine the importance of various geospatial and remotely sensed predictor variables related to restoration. Across sites and species, remotely sensed variables, particularly a brightness index, tended to be more important than restoration phases as predictors of bird abundance and behavior. Our results suggest that sediment composition, moisture, and vegetative cover are related to shorebird coastal habitat selection, although the direction and strength of relationships differ among these variables and our focal species. Tying these remote sensing metrics to restoration design and management actions can help land managers better understand factors that attract and benefit birds. Additional research can advance understanding in how remote sensing can be used to monitor the availability of functional habitats for shorebirds.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioRxiv","doi":"10.1101/2025.11.15.688530","usgsCitation":"Zenzal, T.J., Anderson, A.N., Enwright, N., Thurman, H.R., Cheney, W.C., LeBlanc, D., Dobbs, R.C., Geary, B., and Waddle, H., 2025, Understanding abundances and behaviors of shorebirds in coastal Louisiana: BioRxiv, https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.11.15.688530.","productDescription":"57 p.","ipdsId":"IP-160584","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497396,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.11.15.688530","text":"External Repository"},{"id":497186,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zenzal, Theodore J. Jr. 0000-0001-7342-1373","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7342-1373","contributorId":224399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zenzal","given":"Theodore","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Amanda Nicole 0000-0003-3930-3896","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3930-3896","contributorId":224400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"Nicole","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Enwright, Nicholas 0000-0002-7887-3261","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7887-3261","contributorId":217771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enwright","given":"Nicholas","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thurman, Hana R.","contributorId":363355,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thurman","given":"Hana","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":64427,"text":"Cherokee Nation System Solutions","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cheney, Wyatt C.","contributorId":363356,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cheney","given":"Wyatt","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":86667,"text":"Cheney Consulting","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"LeBlanc, Delaina","contributorId":330122,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LeBlanc","given":"Delaina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":78819,"text":"Barataria-Terrebonne National Estuary","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dobbs, Robert C.","contributorId":363357,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dobbs","given":"Robert","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":12717,"text":"Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Geary, Brock","contributorId":352310,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Geary","given":"Brock","affiliations":[{"id":16979,"text":"University of Pennsylvania","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Waddle, Hardin 0000-0003-1940-2133","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1940-2133","contributorId":222187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddle","given":"Hardin","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70272577,"text":"70272577 - 2025 - Performance analysis of oil recovery and CO2 retention in a greenfield residual oil zone: CO2-EOR in Tall Cotton Field (Permian Basin, West Texas, USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-24T16:11:13.736607","indexId":"70272577","displayToPublicDate":"2025-11-15T09:01:56","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":22979,"text":"Carbon Capture Science and Technology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Performance analysis of oil recovery and CO2 retention in a greenfield residual oil zone: CO2-EOR in Tall Cotton Field (Permian Basin, West Texas, USA)","docAbstract":"Residual oil zones (ROZs) can offer significant oil resources via enhanced oil recovery (EOR) as well as subsurface carbon dioxide (CO2) retention during injection. If injected CO2 is anthropogenic, the ROZs can offer a substantial geologic storage potential. The ROZs below the oil/water contact (OWC) of main pay zones (MPZ) in conventional reservoirs or brownfields, are more commonly developed for CO2 injection and oil production and reported in the literature. However, CO2-EOR in greenfield ROZs, reservoirs without a MPZ present, have rarely been developed for CO2-EOR operation. The Tall Cotton Field of West Texas, Permian Basin, which started production in 2015 (Phase 1) and expanded in 2017 (Phase 2) from the San Andres Limestone, is one of the first examples of greenfield ROZs developed for EOR by injecting CO2.
This paper analyses EOR and CO2 retention performance of Tall Cotton Field using allocated injection and production data from inverted 5-spot well patterns of Phase-1 and -2 developments. Production and injection data allocated to each of the 28 identified patterns (nine 20-acre patterns for Phase-1, three 20-acre and sixteen 10-acre patterns for Phase-2) were analyzed for historical and forecasted oil recovery using ratio-trend decline analysis, and for CO2 retention performance of the patterns. The allocated data were further used to calculate injected reservoir pore volume and void replacement ratios (VRR) for the analysis period. Quantitative results indicated that oil recovery factors of the 5-spot patterns varied between 4–10 %, and 5–30 % between the end of injection and the forecast periods, respectively. Storage of CO2, on the other hand, increased to a mean value of ∼7130 MMscf per pattern in Phase-1 and to a mean storage of 3700 MMscf per pattern in Phase-2 until the end of injection, followed by a decline after the end of injection and into the forecast period. Resulting CO2 utilization factors ∼6–50 Mscf/bbl were estimated at the end of injection. Overall, presented results suggested that developing greenfield ROZs for CO2-EOR can be as promising as brownfield ROZs and mature MPZs for EOR and underground storage of injected CO2. For Tall Cotton Field, results suggest that Phase-2 patterns generally outperformed Phase-1 for oil recovery factors, while Phase-1 performed better in CO2 retention performance metrics. This is the first study in the literature that reports a detailed CO2-EOR performance analysis of a greenfield ROZ in the Permian Basin, which can potentially allow for comparison with MPZs and brownfield ROZs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100544","usgsCitation":"Karacan, C.O., 2025, Performance analysis of oil recovery and CO2 retention in a greenfield residual oil zone: CO2-EOR in Tall Cotton Field (Permian Basin, West Texas, USA): Carbon Capture Science and Technology, v. 17, 100544, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100544.","productDescription":"100544, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-179246","costCenters":[{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496930,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100544","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496830,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Gaines County","otherGeospatial":"Tall Cotton Field","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -103.04678856680947,\n 33.3881629621319\n ],\n [\n -103.04678856680947,\n 31.601101499990648\n ],\n [\n -101.42024271710294,\n 31.601101499990648\n ],\n [\n -101.42024271710294,\n 33.3881629621319\n ],\n [\n -103.04678856680947,\n 33.3881629621319\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karacan, C. Ozgen 0000-0002-0947-8241","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0947-8241","contributorId":201991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karacan","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ozgen","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70271966,"text":"ofr20251037 - 2025 - Reconnaissance of potential alternate water supply sources for the City of Gary, West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-03T16:28:45.074551","indexId":"ofr20251037","displayToPublicDate":"2025-11-14T14:55:00","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2025-1037","displayTitle":"Reconnaissance of Potential Alternate Water Supply Sources for the City of Gary, West Virginia","title":"Reconnaissance of potential alternate water supply sources for the City of Gary, West Virginia","docAbstract":"Seven potential sources of water, consisting of free-flowing discharge from abandoned coal mines at six locations and one abandoned flooded underground coal mine air shaft, were sampled for chemical analysis to assess the quality of the groundwater emanating from the seven mine sources. The six free-flowing mine discharge sources were also assessed for discharge by current-meter measurements on two separate occasions. The U.S. Geological Survey assessed these seven sources to provide information to the City of Gary, West Virginia (W. Va.), and the City of Gary’s consulting engineer with groundwater-quality and flow data to allow them to assess the seven sites as potential alternate sources of water for the City of Gary to augment its existing supply.
For the six sites where discharge could be measured, discharge ranged from a minimum of 0.082 cubic feet per second (ft3/s) to a maximum of 3.685 ft3/s. Of the six sites measured, only two, Harmon Branch at Thorpe, W. Va. (USGS site 372201081303501) and the abandoned public-supply water wells near Havaco, W. Va. (USGS site 372358081344601), had discharge in excess of 1.00 ft3/s. Discharge from the abandoned public supply wells was 3.685 ft3/s on September 20, 2023, and 2.888 ft3/s on October 16, 2023, and discharge from Harmon Branch at Thorpe, W. Va., was 1.049 ft3/s on September 22, 2023, and 1.038 ft3/s on October 17, 2023. Discharge in the abandoned underground mine air shaft (USGS site 372224081340901) could not be assessed, but the air shaft drains an abandoned mine that likely contains water stored in approximately 1.7 square miles (mi2) of abandoned underground coal mines in the Pocahontas No. 3 coal seam, and possibly an additional 0.9 mi2 of leakage from the overlying Pocahontas No. 4 coal seam. Discharge for the six sites measured for the study was measured during a period between September 20 and October 18, 2023, and corresponded to the 12th to the 15th percentile of flow-duration statistics for the Tug Fork downstream of Elkhorn Creek at Welch, W. Va. streamgage (USGS site 03212750).
Water-quality data for the seven sites sampled overall were acceptable with respect to drinking water standards. Of the 203 constituents analyzed, only a few failed to meet applicable U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) drinking water standards. Iron exceeded the 300 micrograms per liter (μg/L) secondary maximum contaminant level (SMCL) at only 1 of the 7 sites (14.3 percent) sampled. Iron concentrations ranged from a minimum of less than (<) 5.00 μg/L to a maximum of 724 μg/L with a median concentration of 7.62 μg/L. Manganese exceeded the 50.0 μg/L SMCL at 2 of the 7 sites (28.6 percent) sampled. Manganese concentrations ranged from a minimum of 1.93 μg/L to a maximum of 271 μg/L with a median concentration of 4.03 μg/L. No sites sampled exceeded the arsenic maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 10 μg/L. Arsenic concentrations ranged from a minimum of <0.100 μg/L to a maximum of 2.35 μg/L with a median arsenic concentration of 0.200 μg/L. None of the seven sites sampled for selenium for this study exceeded the EPA MCL of 50.0 μg/L. Selenium concentrations ranged from a minimum of <0.050 μg/L to a maximum of 5.26 μg/L with a median concentration of 3.21 μg/L.
All seven sites were sampled for volatile organic compounds (VOCs), semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), but most had concentrations below the detection limit. Of the 10 PCB compounds analyzed for the seven sites sampled, none contained detectable concentrations of PCBs or Aroclor compounds. Of the 44 SVOCs analyzed at each of the seven sites sampled, only 1 SVOC, acenaphthene, was detected, at a concentration of 0.02 μg/L. Of the 96 VOCs analyzed, from each of the seven sites sampled, only two were found at detectable concentrations. Trichloromethane was detected only at 1 of the 7 (14.3 percent) sites sampled at a concentration of 0.027 μg/L, and benzene was detected at the same site and 3 additional sites (4 of the 7 sites or 57.1 percent of the sites sampled) at concentrations of 0.028, 0.029, 0.021, and 0.035 μg/L, but none exceeded the EPA MCL for benzene of 5.00 μg/L.
Total coliform bacteria are ubiquitous in the environment, and their presence only suggests the potential for contamination by near-surface processes. Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria are derived from either human or animal fecal material and can be an indicator of potential contamination by pathogenic bacteria or viruses. Total coliform bacteria were detected at all 7 sites sampled at concentrations ranging from 17.5 to greater than (>) 2,420 most probable number per 100 mL (MPN/100 mL) of sample, with a median total coliform concentration of 1,553 MPN/100 mL. Escherichia coli bacteria were detected at 4 of the 7 sites sampled at concentrations ranging from <1 to 11.9 MPN/100 mL, with a median E. coli concentration of 5.1 MPN/100 mL.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20251037","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Gary, West Virginia","usgsCitation":"Kozar, M.D., and Austin, S.H., 2025, Reconnaissance of potential alternate water supply sources for the City of Gary, West Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2025–1037, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20251037.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 27 p.; Appendix","numberOfPages":"27","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-176784","costCenters":[{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496467,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1037/ofr20251037.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.71 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2025-1037 PDF"},{"id":496466,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1037/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":497789,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_118952.htm"},{"id":496471,"rank":6,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1037/ofr20251037_app2.csv","text":"Appendix 2","size":"222 KB","linkFileType":{"id":7,"text":"csv"},"linkHelpText":"- Water-Quality Data Collected During the Study"},{"id":496470,"rank":5,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1037/ofr20251037.XML","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"},"description":"OFR 2025-1037 XML"},{"id":496469,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1037/images/"},{"id":496468,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20251037/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 2025-1037 HTML"}],"country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","city":"Gary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.616667,\n 37.433333\n ],\n [\n -81.616667,\n 37.25\n ],\n [\n -81.45,\n 37.25\n ],\n [\n -81.45,\n 37.433333\n ],\n [\n -81.616667,\n 37.433333\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1730 East Parham Road
Richmond, Virginia 23228
The DeepFaune New England model classifies wildlife species in trail camera images, identifying 24 taxa from northeastern North America with high (97%) accuracy. The model was adapted from the DeepFaune model for identifying European wildlife, demonstrating the practicality of transfer learning across continents. The majority of training data is openly licensed, and the model itself is open source, enabling easy integration into camera trapping workflows. The open source software is available at (https://code.usgs.gov/vtcfwru/deepfaune-new-england), and has been further integrated into the PyTorch-Wildlife framework.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.72174","usgsCitation":"Clarfeld, L.A., Gieder, K.D., Fuller, A.K., Miao, Z., Sirén, A.P., Webb, S.M., Morelli, T.L., Kilborn, J.R., Callahan, C.B., Prout, L.S., Cliché, R., Patry, R.K., Bernier, C., Staats, S., and Donovan, T.M., 2025, DeepFaune New England: A species classification model for trail camera images in northeastern North America: Ecology and Evolution, v. 15, no. 11, e72174, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.72174.","productDescription":"e72174, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-178678","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497712,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.72174","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":497496,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"New England","geographicExtents":"{\n 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ringed seal whelping”","docAbstract":"The spring is a critical period when polar bears (Ursus maritimus Phipps, 1774) are thought to have peak access to seals and acquire the majority of their annual energy requirements during a period of hyperphagia. Pagano et al. (Pagano A.M., Atkinson S.N., and Archer L.C. 2025. Arctic Science.11:1-14. doi:10.1139/as-2024-0051) examined the intra-seasonal changes in body mass of 31 polar bears on the spring sea ice and found polar bears exhibited a feast or famine lifestyle. A lack of a relationship between changes in body mass and recapture date suggested that many bears had not entered their primary period of hyperphagia. Pilfold extended our discussion to conclude that our data show polar bear hyperphagia begins after the period of ringed seal (Pusa hispida Schreber, 1775) whelping, and discusses this in relation to previous work on the timing of polar bear seal kills. Here, we reassess whether our data provide information on the timing of polar bear hyperphagia. We find no relationships in our data to conclude when polar bear hyperphagia begins. Instead, our data highlight the conflicting pressures individuals face between the spring breeding season, when time spent foraging is often reduced to engage in mating behavior, and the spring hyperphagia period, when the bulk of annual energy requirements are met.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/as-2025-0057","usgsCitation":"Pagano, A.M., Atkinson, S.N., and Archer, L.C., 2025, Reply to the discussion by Pilfold “Polar bear mass change confirms hyperphagia follows ringed seal whelping”: Arctic Science, v. 11, p. 1-3, https://doi.org/10.1139/as-2025-0057.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"3","ipdsId":"IP-181354","costCenters":[{"id":65299,"text":"Alaska Science Center Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496749,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1139/as-2025-0057","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496644,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pagano, Anthony M. 0000-0003-2176-0909 apagano@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2176-0909","contributorId":3884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pagano","given":"Anthony","email":"apagano@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Atkinson, Stephen N.","contributorId":362432,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Atkinson","given":"Stephen","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":86523,"text":"26104 Melrose Road, Cooks Creek, MB R5M 0B9, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Archer, Louise C.","contributorId":362433,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Archer","given":"Louise","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":67687,"text":"University of Toronto Scarborough","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70272102,"text":"fs20253045 - 2025 - Using monitoring and partnerships to provide management-relevant information about Chesapeake Bay rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-03T16:27:44.999419","indexId":"fs20253045","displayToPublicDate":"2025-11-14T09:52:32","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2025-3045","displayTitle":"Using Monitoring and Partnerships to Provide Management-Relevant Information about Chesapeake Bay Rivers","title":"Using monitoring and partnerships to provide management-relevant information about Chesapeake Bay rivers","docAbstract":"The lands and waters of the Chesapeake Bay watershed provide more than $100 billion in economic benefits- an amount that is expected to increase by achieving the region’s clean-water goals. 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U.S. Geological Survey
1730 East Parham Road
Richmond, VA 23228
Massachusetts extends from the mountains of the Appalachian system in the west of the State to the sandy beaches and rocky shorelines of the Atlantic coast in the east. Inland topographic data support a wide range of important activities, including geologic mapping, transportation planning, forest and wildlife management, quantifying ecological services, water supply protection, commonwealth-wide infrastructure planning, local site planning, and flood-plain management. Nearshore bathymetry can be used to support coastal portions of the Commonwealth by addressing the combined threats of ocean warming, strong storm surge, and rising sea levels. The maintenance and (or) expansion of Massachusetts ports (for instance, Boston, New Bedford) and Cape Cod sediment management depends upon the accurate mapping of bathymetry and the frequent influx of sediment and redeposition. Critical applications that address the broad range of requirements depend on light detection and ranging (lidar) data that provide a highly detailed three-dimensional (3D) model of the Earth’s surface and aboveground features.
The 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) is managed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in partnership with Federal, State, Tribal, U.S. territorial, and local agencies to acquire consistent lidar coverage at quality level 2 or better to meet the many needs of the Nation and Massachusetts. The status of available and in-progress 3DEP baseline lidar data in Massachusetts is shown in figure 1. 3DEP baseline lidar data include quality level 2 or better, 1-meter or better digital elevation models, and lidar point clouds, and must meet the Lidar Base Specification version 1.2 (https://www.usgs.gov/3dep/lidarspec) or newer requirements. The National Enhanced Elevation Assessment identified user requirements and conservatively estimated that availability of lidar data would result in at least $1.23 million in new benefits annually to Massachusetts. The top 10 Massachusetts business uses for 3D elevation data, which are based on the estimated annual conservative benefits of 3DEP, are shown in table 2.
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\"}}]}","contact":"Director, National Geospatial Program
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, MS 511
Reston, VA 20192
Clade 2.3.4.4b Eurasian-origin H5N1 entered North America in late 2021 and spread across the continent. While studies have characterized the antibody response mounted by dabbling ducks following exposure, little data are available for diving ducks. This study sought to identify influenza A virus (IAV) infection and antibodies in Lesser and Greater Scaup captured in Maryland, Illinois, and Rhode Island. In Maryland, IAV seroprevalence increased from the 2021/2022 to 2022/2023 sampling season, with IAV antibody prevalence increasing for juvenile (38% to 80%) and adult (82% to 90%) Lesser Scaup. While adult Lesser Scaup sampled in Illinois in 2021/2022 had IAV antibody prevalence comparable to those sampled in Maryland (76% and 82%, respectively), they had higher antibody prevalence to both H5 (48% and 18%) and N1 (68% and 35%), potentially due to being sampled in March versus December and January. Our data suggest that Lesser Scaup had limited antibodies to highly pathogenic H5 IAV prior to the introduction of clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 to North America, but relevant antibodies were widely observed in the months and year following. Our more limited data suggest similar trends may have occurred in Greater Scaup as well.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/cjm-2025-0176","usgsCitation":"Sullivan, J.D., Poulson, R., Olsen, G.H., Berlin, A., Cao, Z., Carter, D., Homyack, J., Kilburn, J., McWilliams, S.R., Osborn, J., Mezebish Quinn, T., Schley, H., Weegman, M.M., Williams, C., Stallknecht, D., and Prosser, D.J., 2025, Rapid increase in antibodies to influenza A virus H5 and N1 in Lesser Scaup (Aythya affinis) following the introduction of 2.3.4.4B H5N1 into North America: Canadian Journal of Microbiology, v. 71, p. 1-6, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2025-0176.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"6","ipdsId":"IP-181219","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science 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To date, however, no studies have provided evidence that eDNA methods can achieve detection sensitivity on par with traditional pollinator surveys. Using a large-scale dataset of eDNA and corresponding net surveys, we show that eDNA methods enable sensitive, species-level characterisation of whole bumble bee communities, including rare and critically endangered species such as the rusty patched bumble bee (RPBB; Bombus affinis). All species present in netting surveys were detected within eDNA surveys, apart from two rare species in the socially parasitic subgenus Psithyrus (cuckoo bumble bees). Further, for rare non-parasitic species, eDNA methods exhibited similar sensitivity relative to traditional netting. Compared with flower eDNA samples, sequenced leaf surface eDNA samples resulted in significantly lower rates of Bombus detection, and these detections were likely attributable to high rates of background eDNA on environmental surfaces, perhaps due to airborne eDNA or eDNA movement during rainfall events. Lastly, we found that eDNA-based frequency of detection across replicate surveys was strongly associated with net-based measures of abundance across site visits. We conclude that the COI-based metabarcoding method we present is cost-effective and highly scalable for quantitative characterisation of at-risk bumble bee communities, providing a new approach for improving our understanding of species habitat associations.
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hydrological network evolves over time, controlling the efficiency of weathering of elements from geological materials, and ultimately the input of sediment and dissolved constituents to river systems. Exceedances to the Navajo Nation surface water quality standards for trace metals have been reported in the San Juan River watershed. Because metals are transported adsorbed to fine-grain sediment, the identification of areas with elevated sources of trace metals and/or areas with increased erosion and sediment transport potential is an important first step in protecting water quality. Physical factors such as elevation, slope, relief and stream order were used to quantify morphometric parameters that effect the contribution of trace metals into the stream network. By correlating these parameters with water quality data that were collected from tributaries along the San Juan River, we identified statistically significant regressions between morphometric parameters and total Al, Pb, U, Fe and Mn in surface water. Positive correlations with trace metals include tributary drainage basin perimeter, pour point elevation and total number of streams, while negative correlations include stream length ratio, ruggedness number and longest basin axis. Stream reach measurements within geological units that contain known trace metal constituents reveal that Gallegos Canyon and Desert Creek are the most susceptible to sediment mobilization and transport, while other tributary drainage basins, such as Desert, Recapture and Salt creeks, are associated with naturally elevated concentrations of Al, As, Pb and U.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of London","doi":"10.1144/geochem2024-037","usgsCitation":"Miltenberger, K.E., Shephard, Z., Mixon, R., Blake, J., Chavarria, S., and Yager, D., 2025, Morphometric and geological characterization with statistical correlations for 33 tributary drainage basins of the San Juan River watershed in the Four Corners region, USA: Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis, v. 25, no. 4, geochem2024-037, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1144/geochem2024-037.","productDescription":"geochem2024-037, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-165506","costCenters":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496901,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah","otherGeospatial":"San Juan River watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -111,\n 35.5\n ],\n [\n -106,\n 35.5\n ],\n [\n -106,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -111,\n 38\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-11-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miltenberger, K. 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(Barrens Heelsplitter). Recent surveys indicate that the species persists in at least 5 streams: Collins River, Pocahontas Branch, Witty Creek, and Pepper Hollow Branch in the Caney Fork River drainage and Little Duck River in the Duck River drainage, with evidence of recruitment in 2 of these streams. These findings suggest a restricted distribution and highlight the need for taxonomic assessment through genetic analysis. If elevated to species status, the Barrens Heelsplitter would represent a narrow endemic that may require conservation attention, underscoring the ecological significance of Tennessee's Barrens Plateau Region.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.1656/058.024.0sp1302","usgsCitation":"Womble, K.I., Rosenberger, A.E., and Henderson, A.R., 2025, A hidden heelsplitter: Distribution of an undescribed endemic freshwater mussel in the Barrens Plateau: Southeastern Naturalist, v. 24, no. sp13, p. 17-26, https://doi.org/10.1656/058.024.0sp1302.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"17","endPage":"26","ipdsId":"IP-181065","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498843,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Barrens Plateau region","volume":"24","issue":"sp13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Womble, Kristin I.","contributorId":365425,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Womble","given":"Kristin","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":56209,"text":"Tennessee Tech University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosenberger, Amanda E. 0000-0002-5520-8349 arosenberger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5520-8349","contributorId":5581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberger","given":"Amanda","email":"arosenberger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Henderson, Andrew R.","contributorId":365426,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henderson","given":"Andrew","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70272251,"text":"70272251 - 2025 - Satellite tracking supports hypotheses of breeding allochrony and allopatry in the Endangered Pterodroma hasitata (Black-capped Petrel, Diablotin)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-21T17:30:22.295666","indexId":"70272251","displayToPublicDate":"2025-11-11T08:32:31","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5532,"text":"Journal of Caribbean Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Satellite tracking supports hypotheses of breeding allochrony and allopatry in the Endangered Pterodroma hasitata (Black-capped Petrel, Diablotin)","title":"Satellite tracking supports hypotheses of breeding allochrony and allopatry in the Endangered Pterodroma hasitata (Black-capped Petrel, Diablotin)","docAbstract":"Pterodroma hasitata, the Black-capped Petrel (locally known as Diablotin), is the only extant Pterodroma petrel nesting in the Caribbean. The species is listed as globally Endangered by the IUCN and was recently listed as endangered under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. Pterodroma hasitata show a phenotypic gradient, ranging from a darker, smaller form to a paler, heavier form, that is reflected in a strong genetic structure. This phylogenetic divergence suggests the existence of at least two distinct breeding populations. We report on pre-breeding movements of two male Pterodroma hasitata, one of each form, tracked by satellite from non-breeding areas in Gulf Stream waters of the western North Atlantic Ocean to breeding locations in Hispaniola in late 2019. Based on a combination of tracking locations, location error classes, battery voltage, and satellite communication schedules, we infer that the light-form petrel visited a nest in central Dominican Republic during 2 to 8 October and 9 to 15 October, and the dark form visited a nest in southeastern Haiti during 9 to 22 November and 29 November to 3 December. This information supports earlier suggestions that Pterodroma hasitata forms breed in allochrony and in allopatry, both of which may be a driver of speciation.
","language":"English","publisher":"BirdsCaribbean","doi":"10.55431/jco.2025.38.59-66","usgsCitation":"Satgé, Y.G., Patteson, J.B., Keitt, B.S., Gaskin, C.P., and Jodice, P.G., 2025, Satellite tracking supports hypotheses of breeding allochrony and allopatry in the Endangered Pterodroma hasitata (Black-capped Petrel, Diablotin): Journal of Caribbean Ornithology, v. 38, p. 59-66, https://doi.org/10.55431/jco.2025.38.59-66.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"59","endPage":"66","ipdsId":"IP-172425","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496755,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.55431/jco.2025.38.59-66","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496685,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Cape Hatteras","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.73141232128476,\n 35.43896398098414\n ],\n [\n -75.73141232128476,\n 34.94563549138148\n ],\n [\n -75.34437447029681,\n 34.94563549138148\n ],\n [\n -75.34437447029681,\n 35.43896398098414\n ],\n [\n -75.73141232128476,\n 35.43896398098414\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"38","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Satgé, Yvan G.","contributorId":362516,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Satgé","given":"Yvan","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Patteson, J. 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The SCB is influenced by seasonal upwelling and terrestrial inputs, and has a well-defined oxygen-minimum zone (OMZ). We analyzed megafaunal community composition, density, and diversity across 41 ROV video transects at 10 SCB hard substrate sites spanning depth (378–2765 m), temperature (1.79–7.96 °C), and oxygen (3.91–105.67 μM) gradients, with varying rock types (FeMn crusts, phosphorites, other rocks). We counted 32,426 individuals representing 146 unique taxa over a total area of 21,935 m2. Echinodermata contributed 48 % of the total abundance; Cnidaria 24 %; Porifera 13 %; Annelida 6 %; Arthropoda 6 %; Chordata 2 %; Mollusca, Foraminifera, and Hemichordata <1 %. Megafauna communities showed clear heterogeneity, with density, diversity, and community composition varying among transects within sites and across sites. Rock type recorded no influence on megafaunal density, but habitats that included FeMn crusts had higher diversity and distinct taxonomic composition. Location, depth, and oxygen were the most important variables explaining variance among megafaunal communities, with distinct communities formed at deeper depths and within the OMZ. This study provides baseline information about the megafauna inhabiting SCB hardgrounds, particularly those associated with minerals considered for their resource potential. It extends existing documentation of such communities to greater depths, reveals increased representation of sponges and corals below 1000 m, and highlights the variability within and among deep-sea megafaunal communities, offering context for informed policy decisions.
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Despite an ever‐growing library of ground‐breaking studies, questions remain about the potential of fiber‐optic sensing technologies as tools for advancing if not revolutionizing earthquake‐hazards‐related research, monitoring, and early warning systems. A working group convened to explore these topics; we comprehensively examined the application of fiber optics in various aspects of earthquake hazards, encompassing earthquake source processes, crustal imaging, data archiving, and technological challenges. There is great potential for fiber‐optic systems to advance earthquake monitoring and understanding, but to fully unlock their capabilities requires continued progress in key areas of research and development, including instrument testing and validation, increased dynamic range for applications focused on larger earthquakes, and continued improvement in subsurface and source imaging methods. A key current stumbling block results from the lack of clear data archiving requirements, and we propose an initial strategy that balances data volume requirements with preserving key data for a broad range of future studies. In addition, we demonstrate the potential for fiber‐optic sensing to impact monitoring efforts by documenting the data completeness in a number of long‐term experiments. Finally, we outline the features of a instrument testing facility that would enable progress toward reliable and standardized distributed acoustic sensing data. Overcoming these current obstacles would facilitate progress in fiber‐optic sensing and unlock its potential application to a broad range of earthquake hazard problems.
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This lack of data restricts our ability to accurately assess and mitigate both natural and human-induced seismic hazards. However, recent advancements in drilling capabilities and downhole sensing technologies offer an opportunity: the ability to observe the physical conditions within a volume near active fault zones. In this contribution, we highlight how scientific drilling can provide access to the near-fault environment, enabling measurements of the stress, temperature, fluid pressure, and rock properties at depths where ruptures initiate, propagate, and arrest. These observations are essential to refine models of earthquake nucleation and dynamic rupture, bridging gaps between laboratory experiments, numerical simulations, and surface observations. These insights can advance fundamental understanding in earthquake science but also support the development of more effective seismic hazard assessments and risk mitigation strategies.
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Plethodon stormi or P. asupak surface activity was higher at night than during the day and was highest when substrates were cool and moist. Our survey protocol was successful for quantifying the effects of site and visit characteristics on P. stormi or P. asupak occurrence and availability; minor modifications will likely improve its utility for providing unbiased inference about salamander occurrence and surface activity.
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The current stock sizes are difficult to assess. We investigated environmental DNA (eDNA) techniques targeted for bigheaded carps, assessed the spatial distribution of eDNA in Lake Balaton, compared eDNA concentrations to environmental variables to assess potential habitat selection based on those variables, and provided an estimate of biomass of bigheaded carps relative to eDNA shedding rates per unit biomass observed in controlled experiments. Water samples were collected from 70 sites in an array across the lake. Biomass estimation was calculated using mean eDNA concentration obtained by quantitative PCR of the samples and previously determined eDNA shedding rates of bigheaded carps under controlled conditions in a laboratory. Concentration of eDNA was highly variable between sites, resulting in wide confidence intervals. Basins did not significantly differ in eDNA concentration, and there were no strong relationships between environmental variables and eDNA concentration, indications that bigheaded carps use the entire lake. The model provided an estimate of 4,830 metric tonnes (2,750–8,030 tonnes) of bigheaded carps in Lake Balaton, or 81.0 kg/ha. The eDNA method produced a value close to previous estimates by traditional means of total biomass of bigheaded carps in the lake, and like traditional methods, there was a broad confidence interval on the estimate of the mean. The results of the present study support the utility of aquatic eDNA analysis, and the need for further comparisons with fisheries methods and supporting data from laboratory studies.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0335950","usgsCitation":"Boross, N., Laszlo, A., Chapman, D.C., Boros, G., Vitál, Z., Tóth, V., Thompson, N., Klymus, K.E., and Richter, C.A., 2025, Spatial distribution and relative biomass of bigheaded carps in Lake Balaton, Hungary estimated from an environmental DNA survey: PLoS ONE, v. 20, no. 11, 0335950, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0335950.","productDescription":"0335950, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-178103","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496746,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0335950","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496639,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Hungary","otherGeospatial":"Lake Balaton","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 18.21350370081612,\n 47.10491295878799\n ],\n [\n 17.172489215123477,\n 47.10491295878799\n ],\n [\n 17.172489215123477,\n 46.62325119241811\n ],\n [\n 18.21350370081612,\n 46.62325119241811\n ],\n [\n 18.21350370081612,\n 47.10491295878799\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boross, Nora","contributorId":362434,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boross","given":"Nora","affiliations":[{"id":86526,"text":"HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Hungary","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Laszlo, Ardo","contributorId":362435,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Laszlo","given":"Ardo","affiliations":[{"id":86527,"text":"Hungarian University of Agricultural and Life Science, Hungary","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chapman, Duane C.","contributorId":362436,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chapman","given":"Duane","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":86529,"text":"(retired) USGS Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boros, Gergely","contributorId":295274,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boros","given":"Gergely","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":63813,"text":"Centre for Ecological Research, Balaton Limnological Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vitál, Zoltán","contributorId":352562,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vitál","given":"Zoltán","affiliations":[{"id":84260,"text":"Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tóth, Viktor","contributorId":362437,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tóth","given":"Viktor","affiliations":[{"id":86526,"text":"HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Hungary","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Thompson, Nathan 0000-0002-1372-6340 nthompson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1372-6340","contributorId":196133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Nathan","email":"nthompson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Klymus, Katy E. 0000-0002-8843-6241 kklymus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8843-6241","contributorId":5043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klymus","given":"Katy","email":"kklymus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Richter, Catherine A. 0000-0001-7322-4206 crichter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7322-4206","contributorId":138994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richter","given":"Catherine","email":"crichter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70273494,"text":"70273494 - 2025 - Development of genomic markers for monitoring and research on plethodontid salamanders","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-20T16:29:44.920088","indexId":"70273494","displayToPublicDate":"2025-11-06T09:21:20","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of genomic markers for monitoring and research on plethodontid salamanders","docAbstract":"Despite the importance of plethodontid salamanders and their vulnerability to ongoing environmental change, they are inherently difficult to monitor due to their cryptic nature. Recent advances in genomics have created new opportunities for monitoring of populations and their responses to environmental perturbations. In this study, we developed a new target capture-based genomic panel for the purposes of genetic monitoring in plethodontid salamanders. We demonstrate its utility in several distantly related species and present an example application in two representative species with co-occurring distributions but different ecological attributes and expected patterns of population structure: Plethodon jordani and Desmognathus wrighti. Although the number of successfully assembled loci declined with phylogenetic distance from the original reference species (Desmognathus spp), we obtained high-quality data from thousands of loci from species in all four genera tested (Desmognathus, Plethodon, Eurycea, and Gyrinophilus), which span the deepest split in Plethodontidae. Landscape genetic analyses detected weak but statistically significant geographic structure in P. jordani, and much stronger geographic structure in D. wrighti, as expected based on the lower population density and likely lower dispersal ability of D. wrighti. Our target capture panel is broadly applicable across salamanders in Plethodontidae and has the potential to provide data for a wide range of phylogenetic, biogeographic, and population genetics research questions.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0336236","usgsCitation":"Fitzpatrick, B.M., Jones, K., Aunins, A.W., Eackles, M.S., and Kazyak, D.C., 2025, Development of genomic markers for monitoring and research on plethodontid salamanders: PLoS ONE, v. 20, no. 11, e0336236, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0336236.","productDescription":"e0336236, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-179317","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498922,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0336236","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":498782,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Great Smoky Mountains National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.96979895915521,\n 35.68689851036355\n ],\n [\n -84.05501149014529,\n 35.55141202602384\n ],\n [\n -83.96678886713649,\n 35.43799305033697\n ],\n [\n -83.55568366891563,\n 35.42976785901836\n ],\n [\n -83.09885998619994,\n 35.48881199038594\n ],\n [\n -83.01407939098402,\n 35.69152675352798\n ],\n [\n -83.17690302454709,\n 35.814788263627534\n ],\n [\n -83.96979895915521,\n 35.68689851036355\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fitzpatrick, Benjamin M.","contributorId":336140,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":80760,"text":"1. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Kara Suzanne 0000-0002-8168-0815","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8168-0815","contributorId":331477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Kara Suzanne","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aunins, Aaron W. 0000-0001-5240-1453 aaunins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-1453","contributorId":5863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aunins","given":"Aaron","email":"aaunins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eackles, Michael S. 0000-0001-5624-5769 meackles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5624-5769","contributorId":218936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eackles","given":"Michael","email":"meackles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kazyak, David C. 0000-0001-9860-4045","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9860-4045","contributorId":140409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kazyak","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70272097,"text":"70272097 - 2025 - Global recreational consumption of non-native inland fish: Higher economic benefits, but lower nutritional value and climate resilience","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-14T14:52:00.136041","indexId":"70272097","displayToPublicDate":"2025-11-06T07:48:01","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Global recreational consumption of non-native inland fish: Higher economic benefits, but lower nutritional value and climate resilience","docAbstract":"Inland recreational fisheries are globally significant leisure pursuits, with well-documented benefits to human health and well-being, but also one of the principal drivers of non-native fish introductions to enhance fishing opportunities, whether for sport or sustenance. In this study, we assess the relative reliance of global inland recreational fisheries on non-native versus native species for harvest. We further examine how this reliance varies by economic and nutritional value as well as the climate vulnerability of the species involved. We demonstrate that, of the 1,325,851 t of inland recreational fishes recreationally harvested for consumption worldwide in 2021, non-native fish were a small proportion (4 %; 53,651 t). On a global scale, non-native fish contributed a net positive 38.2 % economic value to inland recreational harvest. However, they also contributed a net negative −21.9 % nutritional value to inland recreational harvest. Non-native fishes were also more climate vulnerable (i.e., higher average climate vulnerability index values) and thus proportionally increased overall estimates of climate vulnerability with a net positive of 70.9 %. Our results quantitatively demonstrate that non-native species play a more important role in inland consumptive recreational fisheries than their mere harvest volume would suggest. However, many nuances were seen on the continent and country scale, which reflect the complexity of fisher behavior, fish distribution and socio-economic factors. Our findings help unravel the complex effects of non-native species on human activities and underscore the need to evaluate their global impacts holistically.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180872","usgsCitation":"Milardi, M., Wood, L.E., Nyboer, E.A., Embke, H., Phang, S.C., and Lynch, A.J., 2025, Global recreational consumption of non-native inland fish: Higher economic benefits, but lower nutritional value and climate resilience: Science of the Total Environment, v. 1005, 180872, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180872.","productDescription":"180872, 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-179171","costCenters":[{"id":36940,"text":"National Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500621,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10919/141326","text":"External Repository"},{"id":496474,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1005","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milardi, Marco","contributorId":201384,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Milardi","given":"Marco","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":950049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wood, Louisa E.","contributorId":292289,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wood","given":"Louisa","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":950050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nyboer, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":360818,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nyboer","given":"Elizabeth","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":950051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Embke, Holly Susan 0000-0002-9897-7068","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9897-7068","contributorId":358337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Embke","given":"Holly Susan","affiliations":[{"id":65882,"text":"Midwest Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Phang, Sui C.","contributorId":360819,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Phang","given":"Sui","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":950053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lynch, Abigail J. 0000-0001-8449-8392","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8449-8392","contributorId":204271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lynch","given":"Abigail","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70272664,"text":"70272664 - 2025 - U.S. Geological Survey geomagnetic variometer data: Capitalizing on seismic infrastructure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-03T16:50:50.794884","indexId":"70272664","displayToPublicDate":"2025-11-05T10:43:24","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"U.S. Geological Survey geomagnetic variometer data: Capitalizing on seismic infrastructure","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey’s Geomagnetism Program is collaborating with the Earthquake Hazards Program and Global Seismographic Network Program to densify magnetic field observations. This collaboration focuses on the installation of magnetometers, or magnetic variometers, at existing seismic stations. Along with improving the density of space weather observations for hazard monitoring, these data can be used to correct colocated magnetic field induced noise in seismic data. Such corrections are especially useful during time periods of large magnetic storms where the magnetic field‐induced instrument noise can be of similar amplitude to earthquake ground‐motion records.
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