Recent declines of grassland bird populations in North America are linked to habitat loss and fragmentation associated with agricultural practices. One tool used to conserve soil, water and wildlife habitat on agricultural fields is the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), the largest agricultural conservation program in the United States. Managers and conservationists recognize CRP as an important component of conserving grassland birds in the central portion of the United States. However, recent widespread expiration of CRP contracts could negatively influence grassland bird populations. Few studies have evaluated how former CRP-enrolled fields may function as grassland bird habitat. In this paper, we analyzed data from a long-term (1990–2017) study aimed at comparing grassland bird abundance (24 species) between idled CRP grasslands and fields where the CRP contracts expired. Some of these fields where contracts expired were maintained as pasture or hayland, and others were converted back to cropland. Estimated abundances of most species were considerably higher in idled CRP than in fields with expired CRP contracts. Post-CRP land use also appeared to affect most bird abundances, with lower abundance in grazed grasslands and haylands relative to idled CRP, but higher abundance than cropland. The responses of obligate and facultative grassland specialists to post-CRP management varied among species, with some being negative and some being positive depending on post-CRP land use, which is unsurprising given the variable habitat requirements of grassland birds. Our results have implications for wildlife managers who must design conservation strategies around the land use decisions of private landowners. Our results support the idea of maintaining a mosaic of undisturbed CRP grasslands and post-CRP grasslands that are hayed or grazed, which should guarantee some undisturbed nesting cover in the landscape for some bird species and some disturbed grasslands that may have long-term benefits for other species.
At least 28 rhyolitic lava flows, domes, and tuffs erupted within Yellowstone caldera following its formation 631 ka. Understanding the timing of intracaldera eruptions is essential for characterizing natural hazards posed by Yellowstone volcano. We present 40Ar/39Ar eruption ages for the Mallard Lake Member and Central Plateau Member of the Plateau Rhyolite, which comprise products from 22 eruptions spanning ~160 to ~70 ka. These eruptions occurred along two linear vent zones within Yellowstone caldera that appear to be extensions of major extracaldera normal faults. Eruptions took place in five brief clusters with group mean ages of 160.3±1.0 ka (2σ), 149.8±4.0 ka, 111.4±0.9 ka, 104.1±0.8 ka, and 70.8±0.7 ka. All mapped products within each informal group have indistinguishable 40Ar/39Ar eruption ages implying brief eruption durations. Eruption products of each group are spatially clustered, with only one of the two linear vent zones being active during an eruption group. Using the oldest group (160 ka), we apply paleomagnetic and geochemical analyses to investigate the duration of these eruption groups and their pre-eruptive magma reservoir configuration. Paleomagnetic analyses suggest that the nine rhyolite eruptions ~160 ka spanned 400 years or less. Glass and sanidine compositions of each rhyolite are nearly identical, which is consistent with pre-eruptive storage of a large (~130 km3), interconnected melt body within Yellowstone volcano’s crystal-rich magma reservoir. These characteristics differ from intracaldera eruptions that vented near the caldera’s inner ring fracture system, which tend to be compositionally disparate with less temporal clustering. These insights inform hazard mitigation scenarios.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00445-023-01665-w","usgsCitation":"Stelten, M.E., Thomas, N., Pivarunas, A.F., and Champion, D., 2023, Spatio-temporal clustering of post-caldera eruptions at Yellowstone caldera: Implications for volcanic hazards and pre-eruptive magma reservoir configuration: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 85, 55, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-023-01665-w.","productDescription":"55, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-149618","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":463430,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone Caldera","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.22561482399402,\n 44.83049864170741\n ],\n [\n -111.22561482399402,\n 44.2156442066198\n ],\n [\n -110.17048259518441,\n 44.2156442066198\n ],\n [\n -110.17048259518441,\n 44.83049864170741\n ],\n [\n -111.22561482399402,\n 44.83049864170741\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"85","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stelten, Mark E. 0000-0002-5294-3161 mstelten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5294-3161","contributorId":145923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stelten","given":"Mark","email":"mstelten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":917380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thomas, Nicole 0000-0001-8636-0418 nithomas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8636-0418","contributorId":291995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Nicole","email":"nithomas@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":917381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pivarunas, Anthony Francis 0000-0002-0003-2059","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0003-2059","contributorId":301014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pivarunas","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"Francis","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":917382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Champion, Duane 0000-0001-7854-9034","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7854-9034","contributorId":345735,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Champion","given":"Duane","affiliations":[{"id":55498,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey, Emeritus","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":917383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70248917,"text":"70248917 - 2023 - The diversity of volcanic hazard maps around the world: Insights from map makers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-26T11:43:01.626685","indexId":"70248917","displayToPublicDate":"2023-09-11T06:41:16","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3841,"text":"Journal of Applied Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The diversity of volcanic hazard maps around the world: Insights from map makers","docAbstract":"The IAVCEI Working Group on Hazard Mapping has been active since 2014 and has facilitated several activities to enable sharing of experiences of how volcanic hazard maps are developed and used around the world. One key activity was a global survey of 90 map makers and practitioners to collect data about official, published volcanic hazard maps and how they were developed. The survey asked questions about map content, design, and input data, as well as about the map development process and key lessons learned. Here we present the results of this global survey, which are then used to quantitatively describe and summarise current practices in volcanic hazard map development.
We received entries related to 89 volcanic hazard maps (78% long-term/background maps and 22% short-term/crisis hazard maps), covering a total of 80 volcanoes across 28 countries. Although most maps captured in the survey are volcano-scale maps of stratovolcanoes that show similar types of content, such as primary hazard footprints or zones, they vary greatly in input data, communication style, format, appearance, scale, content, and visual design. This diversity stems from a range of factors, including differences in map purpose, the methodology used, the level of understanding of past eruptive history, the prevailing scientific and cartographic practice at the time, the state of volcanic activity, and variations in culture, national map standards and legal requirements.
Experiences and lessons shared by our respondents can be divided into six main themes: map design considerations; the process of map development; map audience and map user needs; hazard assessment approach; map availability and accessibility; and external (e.g., political) influences. Insights shared included the importance of: visual design elements, map testing and evaluation, working with stakeholders and end users to improve a map’s efficacy and relevance, and considering possible unanticipated uses of hazard maps. These free-form text insights (i.e., responses to open-ended questions) from map makers and practitioners familiar with the maps lend depth and clarity to our results. They provide a rich complement to our more quantitative analysis of design elements and of approaches used to determine and delineate map zones.
Results from our global survey of hazard map makers and practitioners, together with insights from other key initiatives of the Working Group on Hazard Mapping such as the Volcanic Hazard Maps Database (VHMD; https://volcanichazardmaps.org/), provide a snapshot of the wide variety of volcanic hazard maps generated over the past decades, and improve our understanding of the diversity across volcanic hazard mapping practices. These initiatives represent important steps towards fulfilling the aims of the Working Group, namely, to construct a framework for a classification scheme for volcanic hazard maps and to promote harmonized terminology, as well as to identify and categorise good practices and considerations for volcanic hazard mapping.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1186/s13617-023-00134-5","usgsCitation":"Lindsay, J., Charlton, D., Clive, M.A., Bertin, D., Ogburn, S.E., Wright, H.M., Ewert, J., Calder, E.S., and Steinke, B., 2023, The diversity of volcanic hazard maps around the world: Insights from map makers: Journal of Applied Volcanology, v. 12, 8, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s13617-023-00134-5.","productDescription":"8, 26 p.","ipdsId":"IP-152936","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442134,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13617-023-00134-5","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":421158,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lindsay, Jan 0000-0002-8591-3399","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8591-3399","contributorId":302369,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindsay","given":"Jan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38833,"text":"University of Auckland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":884195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Charlton, Danielle 0000-0002-7837-514X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7837-514X","contributorId":302366,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Charlton","given":"Danielle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36277,"text":"GNS Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":884196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clive, Mary Ann T.","contributorId":330167,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clive","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"Ann T.","affiliations":[{"id":78832,"text":"Waipapa Taumata Rau University of Auckland; GNS Science Te Pū Ao, New Zealand","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":884197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bertin, Daniel","contributorId":173512,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bertin","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27236,"text":"SERNAGEOMIN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":884198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ogburn, Sarah E. 0000-0002-4734-2118","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4734-2118","contributorId":204751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ogburn","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":884199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wright, Heather M. 0000-0001-9013-507X hwright@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9013-507X","contributorId":3949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Heather","email":"hwright@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":884200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ewert, John W. 0000-0003-2819-4057","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2819-4057","contributorId":204745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ewert","given":"John W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":884201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Calder, Eliza S. 0000-0002-1644-2087","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1644-2087","contributorId":302368,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Calder","given":"Eliza","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":25497,"text":"University of Edinburgh","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":884202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Steinke, Bastian","contributorId":330168,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Steinke","given":"Bastian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":78834,"text":"Waipapa Taumata Rau University of Auckland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":884203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70250820,"text":"70250820 - 2023 - 3-D wave propagation simulations of Mw 6.5+ earthquakes on the Tacoma Fault, Washington state, considering the effects of topography, a geotechnical gradient, and a fault damage zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-08T15:59:46.001103","indexId":"70250820","displayToPublicDate":"2023-09-06T09:53:56","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"3-D wave propagation simulations of Mw 6.5+ earthquakes on the Tacoma Fault, Washington state, considering the effects of topography, a geotechnical gradient, and a fault damage zone","docAbstract":"We simulate shaking in Tacoma, Washington, and surrounding areas from Mw 6.5 and 7.0 earthquakes on the Tacoma fault. Ground motions are directly modeled up to 2.5 Hz using kinematic, finite‐fault sources; a 3D seismic velocity model considering regional geology; and a model mesh with 30 m sampling at the ground surface. In addition, we explore how adjustments to the seismic velocity model affect predicted shaking over a range of periods. These adjustments include the addition of a region‐specific geotechnical gradient, surface topography, and a fault damage zone. We find that the simulated shaking tends to be near estimates from empirical ground‐motion models (GMMs). However, long‐period (T = 5.0 s) shaking within the Tacoma basin is typically underpredicted by the GMMs. The fit between simulated and GMM‐derived short‐period (T = 0.5 s) shaking is significantly improved with the addition of the geotechnical gradient. From comparing different Mw 6.5 earthquake scenarios, we also find that the response of the Tacoma basin is sensitive to the azimuth of incoming seismic waves. In adding surface topography to the simulation, we find that average ground motion is similar to that produced from the nontopography model. However, shaking is often amplified at topographic highs and deamplified at topographic lows, and the wavefield undergoes extensive scattering. Adding a fault damage zone has the effect of amplifying short‐period shaking adjacent to the fault, while reducing far‐field shaking. Intermediate‐period shaking is amplified within the Tacoma basin, likely due to enhanced surface‐wave generation attributable to the fault damage zone waveguide. When applied in the same model, the topography and fault damage zone adjustments often enhance or reduce the effects of one another, adding further complexity to the wavefield. These results emphasize the importance of improving near‐surface velocity model resolution as waveform simulations progress toward higher frequencies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120230083","usgsCitation":"Stone, I.P., Wirth, E.A., Grant, A.R., and Frankel, A.D., 2023, 3-D wave propagation simulations of Mw 6.5+ earthquakes on the Tacoma Fault, Washington state, considering the effects of topography, a geotechnical gradient, and a fault damage zone: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 113, no. 6, p. 2519-2542, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120230083.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"2519","endPage":"2542","ipdsId":"IP-151026","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":424180,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","city":"Tacoma","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.94849646816715,\n 47.52066759288792\n ],\n [\n -122.94849646816715,\n 47.09223788435119\n ],\n [\n -121.84278435348952,\n 47.09223788435119\n ],\n [\n -121.84278435348952,\n 47.52066759288792\n ],\n [\n -122.94849646816715,\n 47.52066759288792\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"113","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stone, Ian P. 0000-0003-2622-2691","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2622-2691","contributorId":293630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Ian","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":891672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wirth, Erin A. 0000-0002-8592-4442","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8592-4442","contributorId":207853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wirth","given":"Erin","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":891673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grant, Alex R. 0000-0002-5096-4305","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5096-4305","contributorId":219066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grant","given":"Alex","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":891674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Frankel, Arthur D. 0000-0001-9119-6106 afrankel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9119-6106","contributorId":146285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frankel","given":"Arthur","email":"afrankel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":891675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70248078,"text":"70248078 - 2023 - A nitrifier-enriched microbial community contributes to the degradation of environmental DNA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-07T16:40:24.558146","indexId":"70248078","displayToPublicDate":"2023-09-05T09:25:07","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5840,"text":"Environmental DNA","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A nitrifier-enriched microbial community contributes to the degradation of environmental DNA","docAbstract":"Environmental DNA (eDNA) surveys are a promising alternative to traditional monitoring of invasive species, rare species, and biodiversity. Detecting organism-specific eDNA reduces the need to collect physical specimens for population estimates, and the high sensitivity of eDNA assays may improve detection of rare or cryptic species. However, correlating estimated concentrations of eDNA with species abundance can be difficult due to the many abiotic and biotic factors that influence eDNA persistence and degradation. Here, we assessed the impact of a nitrifier-enriched microbial (NEM) community on the persistence and degradation of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (silver carp) milt eDNA using experimental aquatic mesocosms and a quantitative PCR approach. The NEM community was cultured from combined sediment and water samples collected from a golf course pond in Columbia, Missouri (USA), and experiments were conducted in the dark at 22°C. We found that the NEM community transformed organic nitrogen from silver carp milt to measurable amounts of nitrate, both in the presence and absence of ammonia nitrogen. Additionally, regardless of ammonia availability, milt eDNA followed a one-phase exponential decay pattern after an initial 24-h plateau in the presence of the NEM community. However, milt eDNA had a shorter half-life (12.5 h) in the absence of exogenous ammonia compared to when ammonia was present (15 h). In sterile mesocosms, eDNA was stable during the 72-h experiment. Together, these results suggest that the presence of microorganisms is necessary for short-term degradation of eDNA. Furthermore, nitrifying microbial communities, which are ubiquitous in most soil and water environments, could limit eDNA persistence in the environment. Understanding the contributions of environmental microbial communities will allow more confidence in sampling design and eDNA result interpretations for biodiversity management applications.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/edn3.469","usgsCitation":"Beattie, R.E., Helbing, C., Imbery, J.J., Klymus, K.E., Lopez Duran, J., Richter, C.A., Thambirajah, A.A., Thompson, N., and Edwards, T.M., 2023, A nitrifier-enriched microbial community contributes to the degradation of environmental DNA: Environmental DNA, v. 5, no. 6, p. 1473-1483, https://doi.org/10.1002/edn3.469.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1473","endPage":"1483","ipdsId":"IP-150919","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442184,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edn3.469","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435189,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9UTO4MC","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Water chemistry and molecular eDNA data observed in experimental laboratory mesocosms exposed to different nitrogen amendments in the presence or absence of a nitrifier enriched microbial community"},{"id":420476,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beattie, Rachelle Elaine 0000-0002-9648-4948","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9648-4948","contributorId":298312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beattie","given":"Rachelle","email":"","middleInitial":"Elaine","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Helbing, Caren C.","contributorId":264551,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Helbing","given":"Caren C.","affiliations":[{"id":16829,"text":"University of Victoria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":881807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Imbery, Jacob J.","contributorId":328954,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Imbery","given":"Jacob","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":34471,"text":"University of Victoria, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":881808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Klymus, Katy E. 0000-0002-8843-6241 kklymus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8843-6241","contributorId":5043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klymus","given":"Katy","email":"kklymus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lopez Duran, Jonathan 0000-0001-5927-280X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5927-280X","contributorId":328955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopez Duran","given":"Jonathan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Richter, Cathy A. 0000-0001-7322-4206 crichter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7322-4206","contributorId":1878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richter","given":"Cathy","email":"crichter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Thambirajah, Anita A.","contributorId":328956,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thambirajah","given":"Anita","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":34471,"text":"University of Victoria, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":881812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Thompson, Nathan 0000-0002-1372-6340 nthompson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1372-6340","contributorId":196133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Nathan","email":"nthompson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Edwards, Thea M. 0000-0002-6176-2872","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6176-2872","contributorId":241635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Thea","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70248340,"text":"70248340 - 2023 - On the origin and current distribution of the Oceania Snake-Eyed Skink (Cryptoblepharus poecilopleurus) in the Hawaiian archipelago","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-08T12:04:17.590648","indexId":"70248340","displayToPublicDate":"2023-09-04T07:01:12","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2990,"text":"Pacific Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the origin and current distribution of the Oceania Snake-Eyed Skink (Cryptoblepharus poecilopleurus) in the Hawaiian archipelago","docAbstract":"Because of its extreme isolation and lack of historical connection to a mainland, the Hawaiian Archipelago is thought to have no native nonvolant terrestrial reptiles. Several squamate species have been introduced to the archipelago, likely starting with early Polynesian contact, and increasing as human traffic in the Pacific has amplified. Of the earlier introductions, one species of skink, Cryptoblepharus poecilopleurus, belongs to a genus known for its ability to naturally disperse long distances, even across oceans. The earliest herpetofaunal surveys from Hawai‘i describe the skink as widespread and abundant across the archipelago. A recent phylogenetic analysis reveals substantial haplotype divergence between Hawaiian individuals and other known populations in the Pacific, raising the possibility that this species was an early and natural arrival to the archipelago before human contact. Recent surveys suggest that the species has undergone a dramatic reduction in range across the archipelago, possibly due to the invasion of highly competitive species. Given this information, we aim to further assess the origin of C. poecilopleurus in Hawai‘i, determine its current range, and suggest specific needs for future work. Here, we review the earliest European voyages in the Pacific that are known to have sampled C. poecilopleurus, review literature and museum specimens to develop an understanding of this species’ history in the islands, survey the island of O‘ahu to characterize its current range, and provide preliminary genetic analyses to show the relationship of the Hawai’i populations to the rest of the Pacific.
Giardia and Cryptosporidium are zoonotic protozoan parasites that can infect humans and other taxa, including wildlife, often causing gastrointestinal illness. Both have been identified as One Health priorities in the Arctic, where climate change is expected to influence the distribution of many wildlife and zoonotic diseases, but little is known about their prevalence in local wildlife. To help fill information gaps, we collected fecal samples from four wildlife species that occur seasonally on the northern Alaska coastline or in nearshore marine waters—Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus), polar bear (Ursus maritimus), Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens), and caribou (Rangifer tarandus)—and used immunofluorescence assays to screen for Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts. We detected Giardia cysts in 18.3% and Cryptosporidium oocysts in 16.5% of Arctic foxes (n = 109), suggesting that foxes may be potentially important hosts in this region. We also detected Giardia cysts in a single polar bear (12.5%; n = 8), which to our knowledge represents the first such report for this species. Neither parasite was detected in walruses or caribou.
Expansion of exotic annual grass (EAG), such as cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) and medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae [L.] Nevski), could cause irreversible changes to arid and semiarid rangeland ecosystems in the western United States. The distribution and abundance of EAG species are highly affected by weather variables such as temperature and precipitation. The study's goal is to understand how different precipitation scenarios affect EAG abundance estimates and dynamics, and we develop a machine learning modeling approach to predict how changes in annual and immediate past precipitation patterns could affect the abundance of EAG. The machine learning predictive model used seed source from previous years, weather variables, and soil profiles to drive its predictions. We achieved excellent training accuracy (r = 0.95 and median absolute error [MdAE] = 2.36% cover) and strong test accuracy (r = 0.79 and MdAE = 4.54% cover). We developed five versions of EAG abundance maps for 2022 with different precipitation scenarios: 9 yr of average precipitation, half of the average, three-fourths of the average, one and one-half times the average, and two times the average. The approach presented can be replicated to new study domains and easily modified for use with other precipitation scenarios. Developing multiple versions of a year's EAG spatially explicit abundance dataset predictions from multiple weather-based scenarios can provide important information to land managers as they prepare for variable EAG dynamics each year. Informed annual predictions based on weather scenario−driven models have the potential to improve fire preparation decisions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rama.2023.04.011","usgsCitation":"Dahal, D., Boyte, S., and Oimoen, M., 2023, Predicting exotic annual grass abundance in rangelands of the western United States using various precipitation scenarios: Rangeland Ecology and Management, v. 90, p. 221-230, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rama.2023.04.011.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"221","endPage":"230","ipdsId":"IP-147979","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442239,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rama.2023.04.011","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435197,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9X84TAN","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Predicted exotic annual grass abundance in rangelands of the western United States using various precipitation scenarios for 2022"},{"id":420908,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"western Untied States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.45242355750227,\n 31.772396987581942\n ],\n [\n -105.1856936491761,\n 30.61399546239568\n ],\n [\n -103.99021246136934,\n 29.26283280175393\n ],\n [\n -103.16733033715471,\n 29.0039474055486\n ],\n [\n -102.42076887243283,\n 29.768041549861138\n ],\n [\n -101.95576605455685,\n 29.91825265532337\n ],\n [\n -102.93797212338004,\n 32.12981720017679\n ],\n [\n -103.29104623071706,\n 33.65426042984974\n ],\n [\n -99.71789757762204,\n 36.53137424080809\n ],\n [\n -99.79387490882343,\n 38.32597830940938\n ],\n [\n -104.7122126346035,\n 39.695295228078066\n ],\n [\n -104.9226858781989,\n 42.06948221578742\n ],\n [\n -101.68340311320938,\n 43.22455913455809\n ],\n [\n -101.91662344068945,\n 43.972451825245315\n ],\n [\n -102.87963556603896,\n 43.61356143611883\n ],\n [\n -102.18437570164278,\n 45.23113085310041\n ],\n [\n -102.63345526939472,\n 47.81616204600766\n ],\n [\n -103.44717923975836,\n 48.88719726526338\n ],\n [\n -120.6910476023584,\n 48.97188633840639\n ],\n [\n -122.70208295005929,\n 37.79126641008084\n ],\n [\n -121.84809706782082,\n 36.52429215449969\n ],\n [\n -121.04163391277447,\n 34.926756477563686\n ],\n [\n -120.43670816364622,\n 34.38681644210135\n ],\n [\n -118.39009707275434,\n 33.78569314825347\n ],\n [\n -117.21108571885287,\n 32.40614115660614\n ],\n [\n -114.51291465224432,\n 32.69460597026193\n ],\n [\n -114.73627119941546,\n 32.42891363567611\n ],\n [\n -111.10415956640946,\n 31.340607654617102\n ],\n [\n -108.17206424833958,\n 31.203549116979488\n ],\n [\n -107.9994867044243,\n 31.734373523939368\n ],\n [\n -106.45242355750227,\n 31.772396987581942\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"90","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dahal, Devendra 0000-0001-9594-1249","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9594-1249","contributorId":192023,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dahal","given":"Devendra","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":883228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boyte, Stephen P. 0000-0002-5462-3225","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5462-3225","contributorId":205374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyte","given":"Stephen P.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":883229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oimoen, Michael","contributorId":329763,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oimoen","given":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":65508,"text":"KBR, Contractor to the USGS EROS Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":883230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70248041,"text":"70248041 - 2023 - The consequences of neglecting reservoir storage in national-scale hydrologic models: An appraisal of key streamflow statistics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-26T15:39:42.549578","indexId":"70248041","displayToPublicDate":"2023-09-01T08:12:43","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The consequences of neglecting reservoir storage in national-scale hydrologic models: An appraisal of key streamflow statistics","docAbstract":"A better understanding of modeled streamflow errors related to basin reservoir storage is needed for large regions, which normally have many ungaged basins with reservoirs. We quantified the difference between modeled and observed streamflows for one process-based and three statistical-transfer hydrologic models, none of which explicitly accounted for reservoir storage. Streamflow statistics representing low to high flows, seasonality, annual variability, and daily autocorrelation were examined at 1082 study basins across the conterminous USA. All models increasingly overpredict (or decreasingly underpredict) observed annual maximum flows with increasing storage. Correlations between absolute values of errors for low-flow statistics and storage are often larger in magnitude than those for signed errors—additional storage is associated with increases in model errors in both directions even when its overall effect in one direction is weak. The rate of increase in absolute values of model errors was nonlinear for most statistics. For low flows, model errors had a change point to larger errors at 48 days of reservoir storage (relative to long-term mean daily flow); mean and high flows had change points at 147 to 176 days. We present predicted-to-observed errors for nine streamflow statistics over a large range of reservoir storage to help modelers and users of modeled streamflow understand the amount of storage for which explicit reservoir modeling is needed.
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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"LaFontaine, Jacob H. 0000-0003-4923-2630 jlafonta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4923-2630","contributorId":2258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaFontaine","given":"Jacob","email":"jlafonta@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70262388,"text":"70262388 - 2023 - Landowner and biologist perceptions of game bird predators and management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-17T15:55:47.287752","indexId":"70262388","displayToPublicDate":"2023-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landowner and biologist perceptions of game bird predators and management","docAbstract":"Nest survival has been identified as one of the most influential vital rates causing population change in game birds, and depredation, often influenced by habitat loss and fragmentation, is the primary cause of nest failure of upland game birds. We were interested in quantifying and comparing the perspectives of landowners and biologists in South Dakota regarding complex predator-prey interactions to improve communication and management efficacy. We developed a questionnaire regarding the following: 1) general attitude statements about game bird species; 2) perceived impacts of 9 factors (e.g., development, pollution, predators) and 13 potential predators on game bird abundances; and 3) attitude statements regarding use of lethal predator control and nesting habitat management practices. A cluster analysis using landowner attitude statements about predator management identified 3 landowner segments that had strong (most supportive; 37%), moderate (moderately supportive; 35%), or weak (least supportive; 28%) attitude statements about lethal predator control. Landowner segments most supportive and moderately supportive of predator control rated predators as the primary negative factor impacting game bird abundances and agreed that predators were the primary cause of game bird abundance declines, whereas the landowner segment least supportive of predator control rated habitat loss as the top factor and disagreed that predators were the primary cause of game bird declines. Biologists rated habitat loss as the top factor negatively impacting game bird abundances and disagreed that predators were the primary cause of game bird abundance declines. Thus, when considering the effectiveness of strategies to reduce nest depredation, most landowners focused on the direct cause of nest failures (predators), whereas biologists focused on an indirect cause (habitat loss). Perception differences among these groups emphasizes the need for better communication on proximate and ultimate factors affecting game bird populations and how these differences may impact management decisions.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/wsb.1443","usgsCitation":"Fina, S., Gigliotti, L.M., Pearse, A., and Stafford, J.D., 2023, Landowner and biologist perceptions of game bird predators and management: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 47, no. 3, e1443, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.1443.","productDescription":"e1443, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-129641","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":481067,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.1443","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":480738,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","county":"Faulk County, Hand County","otherGeospatial":"north-central South Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-98.7249,45.2459],[-98.7184,45.2449],[-98.7209,45.1024],[-98.7186,44.8965],[-98.707,44.8959],[-98.7069,44.6348],[-98.7066,44.5481],[-98.7034,44.5481],[-98.6994,44.4354],[-98.7012,44.1979],[-98.8077,44.1979],[-98.8211,44.1986],[-98.9257,44.1976],[-98.9448,44.1982],[-99.0417,44.1971],[-99.0627,44.1982],[-99.1654,44.1974],[-99.1833,44.1967],[-99.2866,44.1959],[-99.2987,44.1964],[-99.2992,44.2397],[-99.302,44.5498],[-99.3123,44.5499],[-99.3132,44.8976],[-99.3287,44.8986],[-99.5728,44.8983],[-99.5743,45.0722],[-99.5719,45.1019],[-99.5751,45.2458],[-99.4735,45.2464],[-99.4515,45.2453],[-99.3414,45.2462],[-99.2177,45.2465],[-99.2054,45.2454],[-98.7249,45.2459]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Faulk\",\"state\":\"SD\"}}]}","volume":"47","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fina, Samantha R.","contributorId":349107,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fina","given":"Samantha R.","affiliations":[{"id":5088,"text":"SDSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gigliotti, Larry M. 0000-0002-1693-5113 lgigliotti@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1693-5113","contributorId":3906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gigliotti","given":"Larry","email":"lgigliotti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":924015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pearse, Aaron T.","contributorId":349108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearse","given":"Aaron T.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":924016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stafford, Joshua D. 0000-0001-7590-8708 jstafford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7590-8708","contributorId":267260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stafford","given":"Joshua","email":"jstafford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":924013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70248336,"text":"70248336 - 2023 - Reanalysis ignores pertinent data, includes inappropriate observations, and disregards realities of applied ecology: Response to Huso and Dalthorp (2023)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-11T15:57:44.852952","indexId":"70248336","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-30T06:53:38","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reanalysis ignores pertinent data, includes inappropriate observations, and disregards realities of applied ecology: Response to Huso and Dalthorp (2023)","docAbstract":"1) We recently demonstrated efficacy of automated curtailment of wind turbines in reducing fatalities of eagles at a study site in Wyoming, USA. Huso and Dalthorp criticize our work, asserting that there are several ‘major errors’ that render our previous work as providing ‘no meaningful support’ for automated curtailment. As we show here, our data do indeed provide support for the efficacy of automated curtailment.
2) The purported major errors they identify include: having only 1 year of post-treatment data, having only one control and one treatment site, using the control site for inference, choosing an arbitrary demarcation date between the ‘before’ and ‘after’ periods, analysing the number, rather than the rate, of fatalities, and not including data they consider pertinent. These claims are unsupported because all result from misreading our study, ignoring realities of causal inference in field ecology, or are matters of preference.
3) Most importantly, we did not fail to include pertinent data and we provided sufficient criteria in the manuscript to explain inclusion of carcasses in our study. As stated in our previous study, the eagle carcasses we did not include were found either outside of search areas or incidentally, and thus did not meet criteria for inclusion. Further, Huso and Dalthorp present a standard for spatial and temporal replication that is inconsistent with their own recent work and many other studies in this field. Finally, their reanalysis of our data ignores the control site while including inappropriate data and thus is not suitable for inference.
4) We appreciate the unusually thorough critique of our work provided by Huso and Dalthorp. Despite the major errors in their argument, this discussion provides a platform for further evaluation of our original work.
5) Synthesis and applications. We show that incorporating control site data and using our a priori demarcation of before and after periods into Huso and Dalthorp's reanalysis returns meaningful support for automated curtailment. We also direct the reader to an updated analysis that uses components of the approach Huso and Dalthorp suggest, along with additional data and a number of other analytical improvements, to validate and strengthen our original conclusions.
The migration of species, often across continents, makes it difficult to quantify the cumulative effects of local- and regional-scale conservation actions. Further, variation in stakeholder interests, differing jurisdictional governance processes, priorities, and monitoring abilities across the migratory range shapes place-specific differences in management actions. These differences may lead management of migratory species to benefit both species and stakeholders in some places more than others. In the case of North American waterfowl, possible reduction of wetland protection in breeding areas may lead to substantive shifts in benefits among stakeholders across their range by adversely affecting recreational viewing and hunting opportunities for these species. To understand possible consequences of wetland loss in the U.S. Prairie Pothole Region, the breeding region for 12 focal species of waterfowl, on the recreation economics for these species, we modeled a causal pathway linking wetland loss in the breeding grounds to changes in duck abundance and then assessed the consequences of that change in abundance on recreational hunting and viewing within migratory flyways. Under a scenario where wetland protections cease, we find annual economic activity associated with recreation may decrease as much as \\$489 million at the highest levels of predicted wetland loss, the majority of it coming from impacts to viewing behavior in the Mississippi Flyway. The number of hunters may decline by as much as 18,000, leading to \\$32 million less in annual economic activity. At highest levels of wetland loss, viewing value is expected to decline by more than one-quarter. Lost economic value associated with reductions in recreation in the Mississippi and Central Flyway states is not likely to be overcome by increases in agricultural economic output in drained wetlands of the Prairie Pothole Region. Our analyses indicate local effects of national water policies likely have far-reaching consequences because of the multi-dimensional connections arising from place-specific differences in management action, global and national agricultural economic drivers of crop expansion, and the biotic phenomena of transcontinental avian migration. Reductions in habitat in one location could ramify to economic consequences throughout the continent through connections fostered by migrating waterfowl.
On August 14, 2021, a Mw 7.2 earthquake struck the Tiburon Peninsula of western Haiti triggering thousands of landslides. Three days after the earthquake on August 17, 2021, Tropical Storm Grace crossed shallow waters offshore of southern Haiti triggering more landslides worsening the situation. In the aftermath of these events, several organizations with disaster response capabilities or programs activated to provide information on the location of landslides to first responders on the ground. Utilizing remote sensing to support rapid response, one organization manually mapped initiation point of landslides and three automatically detected landslides. The 2021 Haiti event also provided a unique opportunity to test different automated landslide detection methods that utilized both SAR and optical data in a rapid response scenario where rapid situational awareness was critical. As the methods used are highly replicable, the main goal of this study is to summarize the landslide rapid response products released by the organizations, detection methods, quantify accuracy and provide guidelines on how some of the shortcomings encountered in this effort might be addressed in the future. To support this validation, a manually mapped polygon-based landslide inventory covering the entire affected area was created and is also released through this effort.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s11069-023-06096-6","usgsCitation":"Amatya, P., Scheip, C., Deprez, A., Malet, J., Slaughter, S.L., Handwerger, A.L., Emberson, R., Kirschbaum, D., Jean-Baptiste, J., Huang, M., Clark, M., Zekkos, D., Huang, J., Pacini, F., and Boissier, E., 2023, Learnings from rapid response efforts to remotely detect landslides triggered by the August 2021 Nippes earthquake and Tropical Storm Grace in Haiti: Natural Hazards, v. 118, p. 2337-2375, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-023-06096-6.","productDescription":"39 p.","startPage":"2337","endPage":"2375","ipdsId":"IP-150436","costCenters":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442307,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-023-06096-6","text":"Publisher Index 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forecast for the M7.9 Wenchuan earthquake region 15 years later","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-30T11:43:01.246632","indexId":"70247984","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-24T06:39:23","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10542,"text":"The Seismic Record","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating a prospective fault-based stress-transfer forecast for the M7.9 Wenchuan earthquake region 15 years later","docAbstract":"Four days after the 12 May 2008 M 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake struck the Sichuan region of China, we submitted a prospective earthquake forecast based on transfer of stress from the mainshock onto significant faults crossing through populated areas. We identified where the largest aftershocks were likely to occur that could cause loss of life. We returned the revised article to the journal on 5 June 2008, marking the last day of our observation period. The primary testable features are locations and focal mechanisms of larger (M ≥ 4.5) earthquakes; did these events happen on or very near the faults we said they would? Did they have the same strikes, dips, and rakes as the faults we modeled? In retrospect, is the stress transfer method consistent with all M ≥ 4.5 earthquakes that occurred? We find all but one M ≥ 4.5 aftershock with known focal mechanisms located on stress‐increased faults, and their focal mechanism parameters overlap with geological characteristics we used in making calculations. Six of the seven lethal M > 4.5 earthquakes that occurred in the region since 5 June 2008 were located on stress‐increased faults, with the lone exception triggered by hydraulic fracturing.
The Hawaiian hoary bat (Lasiurus semotus; Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae), commonly and locally known as ‘ōpe‘ape‘a, is a solitary, insectivorous, and foliage-roosting species distributed across a wide range of habitats in lowland and montane environments. The species, as with many others in the Hawaiian archipelago, are facing a suite of challenges due to habitat loss and degradation, introduced predators and pests, and climate change. An understanding of the roost requirements of foliage-roosting tree bats is critical to their conservation as these habitats provide several important benefits to survival and reproduction. Because little is known about ‘ōpe‘ape‘a roost ecology and considerable effort is needed to capture and track bats to roost locations, we examined resource selection at multiple spatial scales—perch location within a roost tree, roost tree, and forest stand. We used a discrete choice modeling approach to investigate day-roost selection and describe attributes of roost trees including those used as maternity roosts. ‘Ōpe‘ape‘a were found roosting in 19 tree species and in an assortment of landcover types including native and non-native habitats. Our results are largely consistent with findings of other studies of foliage-roosting, insectivorous tree bats where bats selected roost locations that may offer protection and thermoregulatory benefits.
Considering global market trends and concerns about climate change and sustainability, increased biomass use for energy is expected to continue. As more diverse materials are being utilized to manufacture solid biomass fuels, it is critical to implement quality assessment methods to analyze these fuels thoroughly. One such method is reflected light microscopy (RLM), which has the potential to complement and enhance current standard testing, leading to improving fuel quality assessment and, ultimately, preventing avoidable air pollution.
An interlaboratory study (ILS) was conducted to test the reproducibility of biomass fuels component identification using a reflected light microscopy technique. The exercise was conducted on thirty photomicrographs showing biomass and various undesired components (like plastics or mineral matter), which were purposely added (by the ILS organizers) to contaminate wood pellets and charcoal-based grilling fuels.
Forty-six participants had various levels of difficulty identifying the marked components, and as a result, the percentage of correct answers ranged from 52.2 to 94.4%. Among the most difficult components to distinguish were petroleum products and inorganic matter. Various reasons led to the misidentification, including insufficient morphological descriptions of the components provided to participants, ambiguities of the nomenclature, limitations of the analytical and exercise method, and insufficient experience of the participants.
Overall, the results indicate that RLM has the potential to enhance the quality assessment of biomass fuels. However, they also demonstrate that the petrographic classification used in this exercise requires further refinement before it can be standardized. While a new simplified classification of solid biomass fuels components was created as an outcome of this study, future research is necessary to refine the nomenclature, develop a microscopic morphological description of the components, and verify the accuracy of component identification with a follow-up ILS.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2023.104331","usgsCitation":"Drobniak, A., Mastalerz, M., Jelonek, Z., Jelonek, I., Adsul, T., Malensek Andolsek, N., Haeri Ardakani, O., Congo, T., Demberelsuren, B., Donohoe, B.S., Douds, A., Flores, D., Ganzorig, R., Ghosh, S., Gize, A., Goncalves, P.A., Hackley, P.C., Hatcherian, J.J., Hower, J.C., Kalaitzidis, S., Kedzior, S., Knowles, W., Kus, J., Lis, K., Lis, G., Liu, B., Luo, Q., Du, M., Mishra, D., Misz-Kennan, M., Mugerwa, T., Nedzweckas, J., O'Keefe, J.M., Park, J., Pearson, R., Petersen, H.I., Reyes, J., Ribeiro, J., de la Rosa-Rodriguez, G., Sosnowski, P., Valentine, B.J., Kumar Varma, A., Wojtaszek-Kalaitzidi, M., Xu, Z., Zdravkov, A., and Ziemianin, K., 2023, Interlaboratory study: Testing reproducibility of solid biofuels component identification using reflected light microscopy: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 277, 104331, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2023.104331.","productDescription":"104331, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-153392","costCenters":[{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500841,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"text":"External Repository"},{"id":421889,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"277","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drobniak, Agnieszka","contributorId":330811,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drobniak","given":"Agnieszka","affiliations":[{"id":79025,"text":"University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Natural Sciences, ul. 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Będzińska 60, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":30},{"text":"Mugerwa, Theophile","contributorId":330839,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mugerwa","given":"Theophile","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79046,"text":"University of Rwanda, Rwanda","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":31},{"text":"Nedzweckas, Jennifer 0000-0001-5838-3110","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5838-3110","contributorId":330863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nedzweckas","given":"Jennifer","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":32},{"text":"O'Keefe, Jennifer M.K.","contributorId":330840,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O'Keefe","given":"Jennifer","middleInitial":"M.K.","affiliations":[{"id":79047,"text":"Morehead State University, KY, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":33},{"text":"Park, Jackie","contributorId":330841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Park","given":"Jackie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79048,"text":"Pearson Coal Petrography, USA/Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":34},{"text":"Pearson, Richard","contributorId":330842,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pearson","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79048,"text":"Pearson Coal Petrography, USA/Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":35},{"text":"Petersen, Henrik I.","contributorId":330843,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Petersen","given":"Henrik","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":79049,"text":"Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Denmark","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":36},{"text":"Reyes, Julito","contributorId":330844,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reyes","given":"Julito","affiliations":[{"id":79030,"text":"Geological Survey of Canada-Calgary","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":37},{"text":"Ribeiro, Joana","contributorId":330845,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ribeiro","given":"Joana","affiliations":[{"id":29869,"text":"University of Coimbra, Portugal","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":38},{"text":"de la Rosa-Rodriguez, Genaro","contributorId":330846,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"de la Rosa-Rodriguez","given":"Genaro","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79050,"text":"Universidad Autonoma De Coahuila, Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":39},{"text":"Sosnowski, Piotr","contributorId":330847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sosnowski","given":"Piotr","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79025,"text":"University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Natural Sciences, ul. Będzińska 60, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":40},{"text":"Valentine, Brett J. 0000-0002-8678-2431 bvalentine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8678-2431","contributorId":3846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valentine","given":"Brett","email":"bvalentine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":41},{"text":"Kumar Varma, Atul","contributorId":330848,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kumar Varma","given":"Atul","affiliations":[{"id":79028,"text":"Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), India","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":42},{"text":"Wojtaszek-Kalaitzidi, Malgorzata","contributorId":330849,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wojtaszek-Kalaitzidi","given":"Malgorzata","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79051,"text":"Institute of Energy and Fuel Processing Technology, Poland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":43},{"text":"Xu, Zhanjie","contributorId":330850,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xu","given":"Zhanjie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79052,"text":"Tianjin University, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":44},{"text":"Zdravkov, Alexander","contributorId":330851,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zdravkov","given":"Alexander","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79053,"text":"University of Mining and Geology, Bulgaria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":45},{"text":"Ziemianin, Konrad","contributorId":330852,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ziemianin","given":"Konrad","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79054,"text":"Oil and Gas Institute - National Research Institute, Poland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":46}]}} ,{"id":70248378,"text":"70248378 - 2023 - A Monte-Carlo chemical budget approach to assess ambient groundwater flow in bedrock open boreholes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-26T15:44:30.373759","indexId":"70248378","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-22T06:58:02","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10067,"text":"Groundwater Monitoring and Remediation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A Monte-Carlo chemical budget approach to assess ambient groundwater flow in bedrock open boreholes","docAbstract":"In low-permeability rocks, ambient groundwater flow in open boreholes may go undetected using conventional borehole-flowmeter tools and alternative approaches may be needed to identify flow. Understanding ambient flow in open boreholes is important for tracking of cross contamination in groundwater. Chlorinated volatile organic compound (CVOC) concentrations from three open boreholes set in a crystalline-rock aquifer (two of three open boreholes) and a siltstone aquifer (one of three open boreholes) were examined using a new approach and associated software program called the AFCE (Aqueous-Flow-Concentration-Estimator). The program allows comparison of coupled chemical datasets through a Monte-Carlo simulation and a chemical-budget approach to assess ambient groundwater flow in open boreholes. The coupled datasets required for the comparison include aqueous CVOC concentrations from groundwater samples from (1) discrete fractures, such as those measured from temporary deployment of straddle-borehole packer assemblies; and (2) the concentration of the open borehole (wellbore) water, as measured by a vertical profile of passive samplers from within the same open borehole. Because results from the passive samplers represent a composite mixture of the results from the discrete samples under ambient groundwater-flow conditions, potentially at unknown proportions, the comparison between coupled datasets affords the ability to discern likely water contributions of CVOC from discrete fractures (or fracture zones), and which fractures may be dominating the water chemistry of the open borehole.
The Souris River Basin is an international basin in southeast Saskatchewan, north-central North Dakota, and southwest Manitoba. Sustained exceedances of water-quality objectives for total phosphorus, sodium, sulfate, total dissolved solids, and total iron have been reported since the late 1990s at the two binational sites on the Souris River (Souris River near Sherwood, North Dakota [U.S. Geological Survey station 05114000] and Souris River near Westhope, N. Dak. [U.S. Geological Survey station 05124000]). To understand conditions at the binational sites, it is important to understand water-quality changes on a basin-wide scale. Because streamflow is highly variable in the basin and changes in streamflow affect water-quality conditions, it is particularly important to use a trend-analysis method that accounts for changes in streamflow. Trends in water-quality concentrations can be affected by human-induced changes on the landscape or natural changes in land-runoff interactions that are driven by climate patterns and reflected by changes in streamflow (commonly referred to as “hydroclimatic variability”). In the primarily agricultural Souris River Basin, human-induced changes that are likely to affect trends are widespread changes in agricultural management such as fertilizer application, tilling practices, and crop types, as well as dam emplacement and artificial drainage. Around 1970, there was a long-term natural (hydroclimatic) change in the basin in which a significant transition from a dry climate state to a wet climate state resulted in higher streamflow in the basin. To assist the International Souris River Board in assessing current water-quality conditions in the Souris River Basin and exceedances of water-quality objectives at the binational sites, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the International Joint Commission, completed a comprehensive analysis for selected ions, nutrients, and trace metals for many sites in the basin that included descriptive water-quality statistics, trend analysis using a trend method that considers interannual hydroclimatic variability, and an assessment of exceedances of the water-quality objectives for the binational sites.
Water-quality and streamflow or reservoir inflow or outflow data were compiled for 34 sites (30 stream sites and four reservoir sites) and 23 constituents with established water-quality objectives from 1970 to 2020 in the Souris River Basin and were used for descriptive statistics and water-quality trend analysis. Median total dissolved solids, sulfate, and sodium concentrations were low in the headwaters of the Souris River and some of the highest median concentrations were measured in the upper basin. At main-stem Souris River sites, all median sodium concentrations were greater than the binational water-quality objective. Median total phosphorus concentrations in the Souris River Basin were highest in the headwaters of the Souris River and all sites had median concentrations greater than the water-quality objective. Median total iron concentrations were highly variable across the basin, and for most main-stem sites, median concentrations were greater than or equal to the water-quality objective.
During the recent period (2009–19), the annual flow-averaged concentrations of total dissolved solids and sulfate increased for nearly all stream sites with most sites having mildly significant or significant increases. One-half of the sites had an annual flow-averaged geometric mean concentration greater than the total dissolved solids water-quality objective, and four sites had sulfate increases greater than 100 milligrams per liter. Trends in annual flow-averaged concentrations of sodium and chloride generally were small and nonsignificant. Most sites had concentrations greater than the sodium water-quality objective, whereas all sites had concentrations much less than the chloride water-quality objective. Annual flow-averaged geometric mean concentration of total phosphorus decreased for nearly all sites across the Souris River Basin, but all sites had concentrations greater than the total phosphorus water-quality objective for the entire period. Small and nonsignificant changes in annual flow-averaged geometric mean concentration of total iron were detected at all sites but the binational site at Sherwood, N. Dak., and by 2019 all sites had concentrations greater than the total iron water-quality objective. For the reservoir sites, during 2000–15, mostly significant increases for total dissolved solids, sulfate, and sodium were detected, whereas changes in total phosphorus and total iron were mixed.
During the historical period (1976–2019), large and consistent increases in total dissolved solids and sulfate have occurred since the late 1980s, with the largest increases and the most sites with mildly significant or significant increases generally occurring during the middle period (1988–2005). Large and significant or mildly significant increases in sodium concentrations occurred at eight of 10 sites in the middle period (1988–2005), and by the late period (2005–19) changes were small and nonsignificant. Similar to other basins in the region, such as the Red River of the North and Heart River, large and overall consistent increases since the late 1980s in total dissolved solids and sulfate in the Souris River Basin suggest that long-term natural (hydroclimatic) processes are large contributors to increases in the concentration of salts in streams and reservoirs associated with the onset of wetter conditions. The concurrent increases in sulfate and sodium concentrations at all sites during the middle period (1988–2005) suggest that sodium-sulfate evaporite dissolution may be a factor contributing to increases.
Total phosphorus concentrations oscillated between increasing and decreasing during the historical period, with concentrations increasing during the first trend period (1976–88) and decreasing in the fourth trend period (2009–19) to the lowest flow-averaged geometric mean concentration by 2019 for most sites. During the historical period, changes in total iron concentrations were mostly nonsignificant and generally small, and variability in total iron concentrations likely affected the ability to detect statistically significant changes in concentration.
The probability of exceeding the water-quality objective for total dissolved solids, sulfate, and sodium increased between 1976 and 2019 for the binational sites, especially for sulfate, which more than doubled for Souris River near Sherwood, N. Dak. and increased more than seven times for Souris River near Westhope, N. Dak. Total phosphorus and total iron concentrations for the binational sites were likely to exceed the water-quality objective for most of the year, but seasonal patterns of total phosphorus and total iron concentrations were different between the sites, suggesting that different factors may affect concentrations at different times of the year. For sodium, total phosphorus, and total iron, exceedance of the water-quality objective most of the time is not unexpected given that the flow-averaged geometric mean concentration for these three constituents for most sites across the basin are greater than the water-quality objective for most of the period. If natural processes are affecting total dissolved solids and sulfate concentrations, concentrations would be expected to vary with time, and as a result, extended periods of concentrations greater or less than the water-quality objective are likely to occur depending upon climatic conditions.
A better understanding of the state of water quality across the Souris River Basin is beneficial to understanding and interpreting water-quality conditions at the two Souris River binational sites. The most consistent spatial and temporal change observed for this study was large and consistent increases in sulfate and total dissolved solids among tributary and main-stem sites since the late 1980s. For sulfate and total dissolved solids, wetter climatic conditions combined with naturally occurring and abundant sources of sulfate likely contributed to sustained exceedances of water-quality objectives in recent decades, and extended periods of concentrations greater than or less than the water-quality objective are likely to occur depending on climatic conditions. For sodium, total iron, and total phosphorus, sustained exceedances of the current water-quality objective likely will continue because most sites across the basin had flow-averaged geometric mean concentrations greater than the water-quality objective; and during the 43-year period of analysis, regardless of climatic conditions, exceedances were consistently greater than the water-quality objective. Further investigation into the factors causing increasing sulfate concentrations and a better understanding of reservoir dynamics would enhance the understanding of changes in water-quality conditions in the Souris River Basin.
The basin-wide approach of this report provided an improved understanding of water-quality conditions in the Souris River Basin, and results can be used to inform the current water-quality objectives, inform potential changes to water management in the basin, and serve as a starting point for tracking future progress. Gaps in understanding of water-quality conditions can be closed through continued monitoring and further investigation into causes behind changes in water-quality conditions identified in this report.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20235084","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the International Joint Commission","usgsCitation":"Nustad, R.A., and Tatge, W.S., 2023, Comprehensive water-quality trend analysis for selected sites and constituents in the International Souris River Basin, Saskatchewan and Manitoba, Canada, and North Dakota, United States, 1970–2020: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2023–5084, 83 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235084.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 83 p.; 4 Linked Tables; Data Release; Dataset","numberOfPages":"98","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-142196","costCenters":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":419898,"rank":5,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5084/sir20235084_tables1.1-1.4.xlsx","text":"Appendix tables 1.1–1.4","size":"79.1 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":419895,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5084/sir20235084.pdf","text":"Report","size":"20.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2023–5084"},{"id":419896,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5084/sir20235084.XML"},{"id":419899,"rank":6,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5084/sir20235084_tables1.1-1.4.zip","text":"Appendix tables 1.1–1.4","size":"14 kB","linkFileType":{"id":7,"text":"csv"}},{"id":419897,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5084/images"},{"id":419894,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5084/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":419900,"rank":7,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9TZAQ75","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data and scripts used in water-quality trend analysis in the International Souris River Basin, Saskatchewan and Manitoba, Canada, and North Dakota, United States, 1970–2020"},{"id":501048,"rank":10,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_115217.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":419901,"rank":8,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"USGS National Water Information System database","linkHelpText":"—USGS water data for the Nation"},{"id":419970,"rank":9,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20235084/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Manitoba, North Dakota, Saskatchewan","otherGeospatial":"International Souris River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105,\n 50.5\n ],\n [\n -105,\n 47.5\n ],\n [\n -99,\n 47.5\n ],\n [\n -99,\n 50.5\n ],\n [\n -105,\n 50.5\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Dakota Water Science Center
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821 East Interstate Avenue, Bismarck, ND 58503
1608 Mountain View Road, Rapid City, SD 57702
How does an earthquake affect buried pipeline networks? It is well known that the seismic performance of buried pipelines depends on ground failures (GFs) as well as strong ground shaking (SGS), but it is unclear how the various types of earthquake hazards should be collectively combined, as existing methodologies tend to examine each of the earthquake hazards separately. In this article, we develop a probability‐based methodology to consistently combine SGS with three types of GF (surface faulting, liquefaction, and landslide) for forecasting seismic damage in buried pipeline networks from a given earthquake rupture scenario. Using a gas transmission pipeline example, we illustrate how the proposed methodology enables others (e.g., researchers, pipeline operators who manage distribution lines, and consultants) to modularly combine various models such as those for estimating probability of GF, permanent ground displacements, and pipeline fragility. Finally, we compare the proposed methodology against the Hazus methodology to explore implications from considering each hazard one at a time.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120220132","usgsCitation":"Kwong, N.S., and Jaiswal, K.S., 2023, A methodology to combine shaking and ground failure models for forecasting seismic damage to buried pipeline networks: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 113, no. 6, p. 2574-2595, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120220132.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"2574","endPage":"2595","ipdsId":"IP-142244","costCenters":[{"id":78686,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center - Seismology / Geomagnetism","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":420906,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kwong, N. Simon 0000-0003-3017-9585","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3017-9585","contributorId":241863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kwong","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"Simon","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":883285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jaiswal, Kishor S. 0000-0002-5803-8007 kjaiswal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5803-8007","contributorId":149796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaiswal","given":"Kishor","email":"kjaiswal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":883286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70252793,"text":"70252793 - 2023 - Application of the technology readiness levels framework to natural resource management tools","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-05T14:57:41.408788","indexId":"70252793","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-09T09:55:37","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1657,"text":"Fisheries","onlineIssn":"1548-8446","printIssn":"0363-2415","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Application of the technology readiness levels framework to natural resource management tools","docAbstract":"Technology advancements in fisheries science can provide useful tools to support natural resource management and conservation. However, new technologies may also present challenges for decision makers due to the lack of a standardized process to assess technologies for consideration within management plans. Future technology development in fishery and water resources could benefit from a framework that assigns an appropriate technology development stage and defines the readiness for implementation. Technology Readiness Levels (TRL) are one established research and development scale used throughout engineering and related disciplines that could be applied to natural resource management tools. The TRL assess the maturity of a technology from nascent idea through a fully developed technology. Steps within this scale could provide a general framework for researchers to follow when planning and conducting studies, while similarly providing a standard scale for resource managers to assess readiness for technology transfer and implementation. The goal of this paper is to describe TRL in the context of natural resource management tools and offer this existing framework as one option to facilitate communication between researchers and managers.
","language":"English","publisher":"American fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/fsh.10982","usgsCitation":"Cupp, A.R., Fritts, A.K., Brey, M.K., Woodley, C., Smith, D., Cornish, M., McGovern, A., Simmonds, R., and Jackson, N., 2023, Application of the technology readiness levels framework to natural resource management tools: Fisheries, v. 48, no. 11, p. 474-479, https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh.10982.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"474","endPage":"479","ipdsId":"IP-153278","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442473,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh.10982","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":427515,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cupp, Aaron R. 0000-0001-5995-2100 acupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5995-2100","contributorId":5162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cupp","given":"Aaron","email":"acupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":898233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fritts, Andrea K. 0000-0003-2142-3339","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2142-3339","contributorId":204594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fritts","given":"Andrea","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":898234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brey, Marybeth K. 0000-0003-4403-9655 mbrey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4403-9655","contributorId":187651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brey","given":"Marybeth","email":"mbrey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":898235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Woodley, Christa M.","contributorId":301986,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woodley","given":"Christa M.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, David 0000-0001-6074-9257","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6074-9257","contributorId":1989,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":898237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cornish, Mark","contributorId":203379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cornish","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McGovern, Amy","contributorId":335384,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGovern","given":"Amy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":80390,"text":"USFWS Regional Office","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Simmonds, Rob","contributorId":317890,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Simmonds","given":"Rob","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":68344,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Jackson, Neal","contributorId":203382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jackson","given":"Neal","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70247756,"text":"70247756 - 2023 - Initial comparison of pollen counting methods using precipitation and ambient air samples and automated artificial intelligence to support national monitoring objectives","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-11T15:44:40.402223","indexId":"70247756","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-09T06:55:41","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":667,"text":"Aerobiologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Initial comparison of pollen counting methods using precipitation and ambient air samples and automated artificial intelligence to support national monitoring objectives","docAbstract":"Given the endemic nature of pollen throughout the environment, the impact upon human health, and the need for more extensive and better measurements of pollen in the USA, a preliminary project within the National Atmospheric Deposition Program’s (NADP) National Trends Network (NTN) was developed. Pollen was measured in ambient air by several methods and in precipitation wet deposition samples at three monitoring sites in the NTN. A method for counting pollen on filters was developed and provided pollen counts for NADP atmospheric wet-deposition samples and high-volume ambient air samplers (HVAS) for comparison with co-located traditional National Allergy Bureau microscopy samples and a commercially available pollen sensor (PS) counting method during the 2021 pollen season. The goals of this project were to test the potential of available air-monitoring infrastructures to obtain improved spatial measurements of aeroallergens, compare pollen counting results from the various methods, and to determine the suitability of using wet deposition samples for pollen collection. The onset and senescence of pollen seasons for general categories of genera compared favorably for each method at each site, indicating that pollen monitoring using wet-deposition and ambient air sampling filters could provide useful information to inform scientific studies, but not likely for public health objectives. Pollen counts were log transformed for Pearson product moment correlation. Tree pollen counts were correlated at all sites for daily PS data and traditional counting data (R = 0.69–0.84), but statistical correlations between methods for grass and weed pollen were weak (0.40 < R < 0.60) or considered not correlated (R < 0.40). Total pollen counts in NADP precipitation samples were correlated with traditional and PS counts at only one of three sites. Pollen counts for the weekly HVAS filter samples were correlated with PS counts for trees (R = 0.62) and with NAB counts for trees (R = 0.68) and weeds (R = 0.72). Correlations in the data between methods suggest that, given further methods development, a variety of techniques could be integrated to expand and enhance existing pollen monitoring networks. Improved ambient air and atmospheric deposition sampling methods specifically targeted for pollen capture and analysis could support the collection of accurate and efficient meaningful aeroallergen data from existing atmospheric monitoring networks.
Ophidiomycosis (snake fungal disease) is an infectious disease caused by the fungus Ophidiomyces ophidiicola to which all snake species appear to be susceptible. Significant variation has been observed in clinical presentation, progression of disease, and response to treatment, which may be due to genetic variation in the causative agent. Recent phylogenetic analysis based on whole-genome sequencing identified that O. ophidiicola strains from the United States formed a clade distinct from European strains, and that multiple clonal lineages of the clade are present in the United States. The purpose of this study was to design a qPCR-based genotyping assay for O. ophidiicola, then apply that assay to swab-extracted DNA samples to investigate whether the multiple O. ophidiicola clades and clonal lineages in the United States have specific geographic, taxonomic, or temporal predilections. To this end, six full genome sequences of O. ophidiicola representing different clades and clonal lineages were aligned to identify genomic areas shared between subsets of the isolates. Eleven hydrolysis-based Taqman primer-probe sets were designed to amplify selected gene segments and produce unique amplification patterns for each isolate, each with a limit of detection of 10 or fewer copies of the target sequence and an amplification efficiency of 90–110%. The qPCR-based approach was validated using samples from strains known to belong to specific clades and applied to swab-extracted O. ophidiicola DNA samples from multiple snake species, states, and years. When compared to full-genome sequencing, the qPCR-based genotyping assay assigned 75% of samples to the same major clade (Cohen’s kappa = 0.360, 95% Confidence Interval = 0.154–0.567) with 67–77% sensitivity and 88–100% specificity, depending on clade/clonal lineage. Swab-extracted O. ophidiicola DNA samples from across the United States were assigned to six different clonal lineages, including four of the six established lineages and two newly defined groups, which likely represent recombinant strains of O. ophidiicola. Using multinomial logistic regression modeling to predict clade based on snake taxonomic group, state of origin, and year of collection, state was the most significant predictor of clonal lineage. Furthermore, clonal lineage was not associated with disease severity in the most intensely sampled species, the Lake Erie watersnake (Nerodia sipedon insularum). Overall, this assay represents a rapid, cost-effective genotyping method for O. ophidiicola that can be used to better understand the epidemiology of ophidiomycosis.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0289159","usgsCitation":"Haynes, E., Lorch, J., and Allender, M.C., 2023, Development and application of a qPCR-based genotyping assay for Ophidiomyces ophidiicola to investigate the epidemiology of ophidiomycosis: PLoS ONE, v. 18, no. 8, e0289159, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0289159.","productDescription":"e0289159, 24 p.","ipdsId":"IP-153457","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442520,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0289159","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":419734,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haynes, Ellen","contributorId":302417,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haynes","given":"Ellen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":65476,"text":"Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":880033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lorch, Jeffrey M. 0000-0003-2239-1252","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2239-1252","contributorId":260164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorch","given":"Jeffrey M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":880034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allender, Matthew C.","contributorId":192522,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allender","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":880035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70247413,"text":"70247413 - 2023 - The 2018 eruption of Kīlauea: Insights, puzzles, and opportunities for volcano science","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-03T13:33:07.741401","indexId":"70247413","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-03T08:32:44","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":806,"text":"Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 2018 eruption of Kīlauea: Insights, puzzles, and opportunities for volcano science","docAbstract":"The science of volcanology advances disproportionately during exceptionally large or well-observed eruptions. The 2018 eruption of Kīlauea Volcano (Hawai‘i) was its most impactful in centuries, involving an outpouring of more than one cubic kilometer of basalt, a magnitude 7 flank earthquake, and the volcano’s largest summit collapse since at least the nineteenth century. Eruptive activity was documented in detail, yielding new insights into large caldera-rift eruptions; the geometry of a shallow magma storage-transport system and its interaction with rift zone tectonics; mechanisms of basaltic tephra-producing explosions; caldera collapse mechanics; and the dynamics of fissure eruptions and high-volume lava flows. Insights are broadly applicable to a range of volcanic systems and should reduce risk from future eruptions. Multidisciplinary collaboration will be required to fully leverage the diversity of monitoring data to address many of the most important outstanding questions.","language":"English","publisher":"Annual Reviews","doi":"10.1146/annurev-earth-031621-075925","usgsCitation":"Anderson, K.R., Shea, T., Lynn, K.J., Montgomery-Brown, E.K., Swanson, D., Patrick, M.R., Shiro, B., and Neal, C.A., 2023, The 2018 eruption of Kīlauea: Insights, puzzles, and opportunities for volcano science: Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 52, p. 1.1-1.39, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-earth-031621-075925.","productDescription":"39 p.","startPage":"1.1","endPage":"1.39","ipdsId":"IP-150154","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489804,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index 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