{"pageNumber":"2702","pageRowStart":"67525","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70027049,"text":"70027049 - 2004 - Goals and strategies for estimating trends in landbird abundance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:30","indexId":"70027049","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Goals and strategies for estimating trends in landbird abundance","docAbstract":"Reliable estimates of trends in population size are critical to effective management of landbirds. We propose a standard for considering that landbird populations are adequately monitored: 80% power to detect a 50% decline occuning within 20 years, using a 2-tailed test and a significance level of 0.10, and incorporating effects of potential bias. Our standard also requires that at least two-thirds of the target region be covered by the monitoring program. We recommend that the standard be achieved for species' entire ranges or for any area one-third the size of the temperate portions of Canada and the United States, whichever is smaller. We applied our approach to North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) data. At present, potential annual bias for the BBS is estimated at ??0.008. Further, the BBS achieves the monitoring standard for only about 42% of landbirds for which the BBS is considered the most effective monitoring approach. Achieving the proposed monitoring target for ???80% of these species would require increasing the number of BBS - or similar survey - routes by several-fold, a goal that probably is impractical. We suggest several methods for reducing potential bias and argue that if our methods are implemented, potential bias would fall to ??0.003. The required number of BBS or similar routes would then be 5,106, about 40% more than in the current BBS program. Most of the needed increases are in 15 states or provinces. Developing a comprehensive land-bird monitoring program will require increased support for coordination of the BBS (currently 2 people) and new programs for species that are poorly covered at present. Our results provide a quantitative goal for long-term land-bird monitoring and identify the sample sizes needed, within each state and province, to achieve the monitoring goal for most of the roughly 300 landbird species that are well suited to monitoring with the BBS and similar surveys.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/0022-541X(2004)068[0611:GASFET]2.0.CO;2","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Bart, J., Burnham, K., Dunn, E.H., Francis, C., and John, R.C., 2004, Goals and strategies for estimating trends in landbird abundance: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 68, no. 3, p. 611-626, https://doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2004)068[0611:GASFET]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"611","endPage":"626","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209221,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2004)068[0611:GASFET]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":235478,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"68","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2972e4b0c8380cd5a96c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bart, J.","contributorId":76272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bart","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burnham, K.P.","contributorId":63760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burnham","given":"K.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dunn, Erica H.","contributorId":35841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunn","given":"Erica","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Francis, C.M.","contributorId":29092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Francis","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"John, Ralph C.","contributorId":26492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"John","given":"Ralph","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70026799,"text":"70026799 - 2004 - The 87Sr/86Sr ratios of lacustrine carbonates and lake-level history of the Bonneville paleolake system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:28","indexId":"70026799","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 87Sr/86Sr ratios of lacustrine carbonates and lake-level history of the Bonneville paleolake system","docAbstract":"Lakes in the Bonneville basin have fluctuated dramatically in response to changes in rainfall, temperature, and drainage diversion during the Quaternary. We analyzed tufas and shells from shorelines of known ages in order to develop a relation between 87Sr/86Sr ratio of carbonates and lake level, which then can be used as a basis for constraining lake level from similar analyses on carbonates in cores. Carbonates from the late Quaternary shorelines yield the following average 87Sr/86Sr ratios: 0.71173 for the Stansbury shoreline (22-20 14C ka; 1350 m), 0.71153 for the Bonneville shoreline (15.5-14.5 14C ka; 1550 m), 0.71175 for the Provo shoreline (14.4-14.0 14C ka; 1450 m), 0.71244 for the Gilbert shoreline (???10.3-10.9 14C ka; 1300 m), and 0.71469 for the modern Great Salt Lake (1280 m). These analyses show that the 87Sr/86Sr ratio of lacustrine carbonates changes substantially at low- to mid-lake levels but is invariant at mid- to high-lake levels. Sr-isotope mixing models of Great Salt Lake and the Bonneville paleolake system were constructed to explain these variations in 87Sr/86Sr ratios with change in lake level. Our model of the Bonneville system produced a 87Sr/86Sr ratio of 0.71193, very close to the observed ratios from high-shoreline tufa and shell. The model verifies that the integration of the southern Sevier and Beaver rivers with the Bear and others rivers in the north is responsible for the lower 87Sr/86Sr ratios in Lake Bonneville compared to the modern Great Salt Lake. We also modeled the 87Sr/86Sr ratio of Lake Bonneville with the upper Bear River diverted into the Snake River basin and obtained an 87Sr/86Sr ratio of 0.71414. Coincidentally, this ratio is close to the observed ratio for Great Salt Lake of 0.71469. This means that 87Sr/86Sr ratios of >0.714 for carbonate can be produced by climatically induced low-lake conditions or by diversion of the upper Bear River out of the Bonneville basin. This model result also demonstrates that the upper Bear River had to be flowing into the Bonneville basin during highstands of other late Quaternary lake cycles: carbonates from the Little Valley (130-160 ka) and Cutler Dam (59 ?? 5 ka) lake cycles returned 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.71166 and 0.71207, respectively, and are too low to be produced by a lake without the upper Bear River input. ?? 2004 Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/B25330.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Hart, W., Quade, J., Madsen, D., Kaufman, D.S., and Oviatt, C.G., 2004, The 87Sr/86Sr ratios of lacustrine carbonates and lake-level history of the Bonneville paleolake system: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 116, no. 9-10, p. 1107-1119, https://doi.org/10.1130/B25330.1.","startPage":"1107","endPage":"1119","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209233,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B25330.1"},{"id":235499,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"116","issue":"9-10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba659e4b08c986b321091","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hart, W.S.","contributorId":94475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"W.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quade, Jay","contributorId":22108,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Quade","given":"Jay","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":411120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Madsen, D.B.","contributorId":65615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madsen","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kaufman, D. S.","contributorId":18006,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaufman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Oviatt, Charles G.","contributorId":36580,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oviatt","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70170826,"text":"70170826 - 2004 - Developmental instability in Rhus copallinum L.: multiple stressors, years, and responses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-03T14:50:01","indexId":"70170826","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2065,"text":"International Journal of Plant Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Developmental instability in Rhus copallinum L.: multiple stressors, years, and responses","docAbstract":"

Developmental instability, as assessed by leaf fluctuating asymmetry and stem internode allometry, was examined at nine sites, representing three levels of disturbance, over multiple years. Site selection was based on land‐use disturbance classes related to training of mechanized infantry and other land management activities at Fort Benning, Georgia. Developmental instability varied among sites and years, and there was a strong site‐by‐year interaction for many traits. Indeed, depending on the year, the same site could be ranked as having the greatest and least amount of leaf fluctuating asymmetry. Burning a site the year prior to collecting the leaves profoundly influenced measures of leaf fluctuating asymmetry. In the absence of recent burning, leaf fluctuating asymmetry declined with increasing disturbance, but burning the year prior to collecting the leaves reversed this trend. Total plant cover, proportion of bare ground, and amount of plant litter influenced the amount of leaf asymmetry in a site‐dependent manner. Overall, burning influenced the levels of developmental instability more than either disturbance or microhabitat variables such as total plant cover, which should reflect competition in a plant’s immediate neighborhood.

","language":"English","publisher":"The University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1086/380986","usgsCitation":"Freeman, D.C., Brown, M.L., Duda, J.J., Graham, J.H., Emlen, J.M., Krzysik, A.J., Balbach, H.E., Kovacic, D.A., and Zak, J.C., 2004, Developmental instability in Rhus copallinum L.: multiple stressors, years, and responses: International Journal of Plant Sciences, v. 165, no. 1, p. 53-63, https://doi.org/10.1086/380986.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"63","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320908,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"165","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5729cbafe4b0b13d3919a2f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Freeman, D. Carl","contributorId":31599,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Freeman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"Carl","affiliations":[{"id":7147,"text":"Wayne State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":628576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Michelle L.","contributorId":168990,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7147,"text":"Wayne State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":628577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duda, Jeffrey J. 0000-0001-7431-8634 jduda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7431-8634","contributorId":145486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duda","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jduda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":628578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Graham, John H.","contributorId":19861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Emlen, John M.","contributorId":168812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emlen","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":628580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Krzysik, Anthony J.","contributorId":168925,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krzysik","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Balbach, Harold E.","contributorId":169120,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Balbach","given":"Harold","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kovacic, Dave A.","contributorId":169123,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kovacic","given":"Dave","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Zak, John C.","contributorId":168942,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zak","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70026448,"text":"70026448 - 2004 - Surface rupture on the Denali fault interpreted from tree damage during the 1912 Delta River Mw 7.2–7.4 earthquake: Implications for the 2002 Denali fault earthquake slip distribution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-13T10:28:45.045265","indexId":"70026448","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Surface rupture on the Denali fault interpreted from tree damage during the 1912 Delta River Mw 7.2–7.4 earthquake: Implications for the 2002 Denali fault earthquake slip distribution","docAbstract":"During the 3 November 2002 Denali fault earthquake, surface rupture propagated through a small, old-growth forest in the Delta River valley and damaged many trees growing on the fault. Damage was principally the result of fault offset of tree roots and tilting of trees. Some trees were split by surface faults that intersected the base of their trunks or large taproots. A few trees appear to have been damaged by strong shaking. Many of the older trees damaged in 2002 were deformed and scarred. Some of these scarred trees exhibit past damage indicative of surface faulting and have abrupt changes in their annual ring patterns that coincide with the past damage. Annual ring counts from several of these older scarred trees indicate the damage was caused by surface rupture on the Denali fault in 1912. The only earthquake of sufficient magnitude that fits the requirements for timing and general location as recorded by the damaged trees is a widely felt Ms 7.2-7.4 earthquake on 6 July 1912 informally referred to as the 1912 Delta River earthquake. Seismologic data and intensity distribution for the 1912 Delta River earthquake indicate that its epicenter was within 60-90 km of the Delta River and that rupture probably propagated toward the west. Inferred fault length, displacement, and rupture direction suggest the 1912 rupture was probably largely coincident with the western, lower slip section of the 2002 rupture.","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120040625","usgsCitation":"Carver, G., Plafker, G., Metz, M., Cluff, L., Slemmons, B., Johnson, E., Roddick, J., and Sorensen, S., 2004, Surface rupture on the Denali fault interpreted from tree damage during the 1912 Delta River Mw 7.2–7.4 earthquake: Implications for the 2002 Denali fault earthquake slip distribution: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 94, no. 6B, p. S58-S71, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120040625.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"S58","endPage":"S71","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":234409,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.26953125,\n 61.18562468142281\n ],\n [\n -156.4892578125,\n 59.265880628258095\n ],\n [\n -144.228515625,\n 59.44507509904714\n ],\n [\n -143.26171875,\n 63.450509218001095\n ],\n [\n -146.8212890625,\n 63.80189351770543\n ],\n [\n -150.6884765625,\n 63.6267446447533\n ],\n [\n -156.26953125,\n 63.15435519659187\n ],\n [\n -156.26953125,\n 61.18562468142281\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"94","issue":"6B","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9fbce4b08c986b31e7de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carver, G.","contributorId":97681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carver","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plafker, George 0000-0003-3972-0390","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3972-0390","contributorId":36603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plafker","given":"George","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Metz, M.","contributorId":20519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metz","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cluff, L.","contributorId":73789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cluff","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Slemmons, B.","contributorId":89317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slemmons","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnson, E.","contributorId":14161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Roddick, J.","contributorId":39169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roddick","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sorensen, S.","contributorId":48360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorensen","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70170828,"text":"70170828 - 2004 - Potential involvement of rainbow trout thrombocytes in immune functions: a study using a panel of monoclonal antibodies and RT-PCR","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-03T15:15:36","indexId":"70170828","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1383,"text":"Developmental and Comparative Immunology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential involvement of rainbow trout thrombocytes in immune functions: a study using a panel of monoclonal antibodies and RT-PCR","docAbstract":"

The functional relationship between fish and mammalian thrombocytes is relatively unknown. In this study, a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) was used to investigate the functional properties of rainbow trout thrombocytes. The mAbs recognize cell-surface molecules on thrombocytes with molecular weights ranging from 17 to 160 kDa. Flow cytometric and immuno-electron microscopic analyses demonstrate that these molecules are expressed at different levels and that surface expression increased upon activation with bovine collagen. Two of these cell-surface molecules (17 and 21 kDa) were directly involved in collagen-induced aggregation of thrombocytes since aggregation was blocked upon pre-treatment with mAbs that recognize the two surface markers. Interestingly, the percentage of thrombocytes in blood increased after stimulation using different antigens. The transcriptional profile of trout thrombocytes was then examined after immuno-magnetic enrichment using the described mAbs to assess potential roles of trout thrombocytes in immune functions. Trout thrombocytes express components of the MHC class Ia pathway, IL1β, TNFα, TGFβ, the interleukin receptor common γ chain as well as CXC and CC chemokines. MHC class IIB and TNFα were expressed at low levels in resting thrombocytes. No evidence was found for the expression of TCRαβ, Ig heavy chain, CD8α or CK1 mRNA. Taken together, these results suggest that rainbow trout thrombocytes express molecules involved in activation, aggregation and genes encoding proteins, that are involved in antigen presentation and immune regulation.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2004.03.005","usgsCitation":"Kollner, B., Fisher, U., Rombout, J., Taverne-Thiele, J., and Hansen, J., 2004, Potential involvement of rainbow trout thrombocytes in immune functions: a study using a panel of monoclonal antibodies and RT-PCR: Developmental and Comparative Immunology, v. 28, no. 10, p. 1049-1062, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2004.03.005.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1049","endPage":"1062","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501086,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/potential-involvement-of-rainbow-trout-thrombocytes-in-immune-fun","text":"External Repository"},{"id":320925,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5729cbb8e4b0b13d3919a3b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kollner, B.","contributorId":169132,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kollner","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fisher, U.","contributorId":169129,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fisher","given":"U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rombout, J.H.W.M.","contributorId":169130,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rombout","given":"J.H.W.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Taverne-Thiele, J.J.","contributorId":169131,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taverne-Thiele","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hansen, J.D.","contributorId":107880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70026779,"text":"70026779 - 2004 - Sheathfolds in rheomorphic ignimbrites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:36","indexId":"70026779","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sheathfolds in rheomorphic ignimbrites","docAbstract":"Structural reappraisal of several classic rheomorphic ignimbrites in Colorado, Idaho, the Canary Islands and Italy has, for the first time, revealed abundant oblique folds, curvilinear folds and sheathfolds which formed during emplacement. Like their equivalents in tectonic shear-zones, the sheathfold axes lie sub-parallel to a pervasive elongation lineation, and appear as eye structures on rock surfaces normal to the transport direction. With the recognition of sheathfolds, ignimbrites previously inferred to have undergone complex rheomorphic deformation histories are re-interpreted as recording a single, progressive deformation event. In some examples, the trends of sheathfolds and related lineations change with height through a single ignimbrite suggesting that rheomorphism did not affect the entire thickness of ignimbrite synchronously. Instead, we infer that in these ignimbrites a thin ductile shear-zone rose gradually through the aggrading agglutinating mass whilst the flow direction varied with time. This suggests that, in some cases, both welding and rheomorphism can be extremely rapid, with ductile strain rates significantly exceeding rates of ignimbrite aggradation. ?? Springer-Verlag 2004.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of Volcanology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00445-003-0332-8","issn":"02588900","usgsCitation":"Branney, M., Barry, T., and Godchaux, M., 2004, Sheathfolds in rheomorphic ignimbrites: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 66, no. 6, p. 485-491, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-003-0332-8.","startPage":"485","endPage":"491","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":500619,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2381/27362","text":"External Repository"},{"id":208347,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00445-003-0332-8"},{"id":234037,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-02-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8e60e4b08c986b3188d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Branney, M.J.","contributorId":99342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Branney","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barry, T.L.","contributorId":27646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barry","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Godchaux, Martha","contributorId":18936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godchaux","given":"Martha","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70026773,"text":"70026773 - 2004 - Methane hydrate formation in partially water-saturated Ottawa sand","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-13T11:59:02","indexId":"70026773","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":738,"text":"American Mineralogist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Methane hydrate formation in partially water-saturated Ottawa sand","docAbstract":"Bulk properties of gas hydrate-bearing sediment strongly depend on whether hydrate forms primarily in the pore fluid, becomes a load-bearing member of the sediment matrix, or cements sediment grains. Our compressional wave speed measurements through partially water-saturated, methane hydrate-bearing Ottawa sands suggest hydrate surrounds and cements sediment grains. The three Ottawa sand packs tested in the Gas Hydrate And Sediment Test Laboratory Instrument (GHASTLI) contain 38(1)% porosity, initially with distilled water saturating 58, 31, and 16% of that pore space, respectively. From the volume of methane gas produced during hydrate dissociation, we calculated the hydrate concentration in the pore space to be 70, 37, and 20% respectively. Based on these hydrate concentrations and our measured compressional wave speeds, we used a rock physics model to differentiate between potential pore-space hydrate distributions. Model results suggest methane hydrate cements unconsolidated sediment when forming in systems containing an abundant gas phase.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Mineralogist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Mineralogical Society of America","doi":"10.2138/am-2004-8-906","issn":"0003004X","usgsCitation":"Waite, W., Winters, W., and Mason, D., 2004, Methane hydrate formation in partially water-saturated Ottawa sand: American Mineralogist, v. 89, no. 8-9, p. 1202-1207, https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2004-8-906.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1202","endPage":"1207","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478079,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/1631","text":"External Repository"},{"id":234031,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"89","issue":"8-9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5528e4b0c8380cd6d14a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waite, W.F.","contributorId":40329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"W.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Winters, W.J.","contributorId":49796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winters","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mason, D.H.","contributorId":93952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"D.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70170834,"text":"70170834 - 2004 - Major histocompatibility complex loci are associated with susceptibility of Atlantic salmon to infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-03T15:25:34","indexId":"70170834","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1528,"text":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Major histocompatibility complex loci are associated with susceptibility of Atlantic salmon to infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus","docAbstract":"

Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is one of the most significant viral pathogens of salmonids and is a leading cause of death among cultured juvenile fish. Although several vaccine strategies have been developed, some of which are highly protective, the delivery systems are still too costly for general use by the aquaculture industry. More cost effective methods could come from the identification of genes associated with IHNV resistance for use in selective breeding. Further, identification of susceptibility genes may lead to an improved understanding of viral pathogenesis and may therefore aid in the development of preventive and therapeutic measures. Genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), involved in the primary recognition of foreign pathogens in the acquired immune response, are associated with resistance to a variety of diseases in vertebrate organisms. We conducted a preliminary analysis of MHC disease association in which an aquaculture strain of Atlantic salmon was challenged with IHNV at three different doses and individual fish were genotyped at three MHC loci using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE), followed by sequencing of all differentiated alleles. Nine to fourteen alleles per exon-locus were resolved, and alleles potentially associated with resistance or susceptibility were identified. One allele (Sasa-B-04) from a potentially non-classical class I locus was highly associated with resistance to infectious hematopoietic necrosis (p < 0.01). This information can be used to design crosses of specific haplotypes for family analysis of disease associations.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/B:EBFI.0000022874.48341.0f","usgsCitation":"Miller, K.M., Winton, J.R., Schulze, A.D., Purcell, M., and Ming, T.J., 2004, Major histocompatibility complex loci are associated with susceptibility of Atlantic salmon to infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 69, no. 1, p. 307-316, https://doi.org/10.1023/B:EBFI.0000022874.48341.0f.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"307","endPage":"316","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487747,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/b:ebfi.0000022874.48341.0f","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":320928,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5729cbb7e4b0b13d3919a3b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Kristina M.","contributorId":169133,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Kristina","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Winton, James R. 0000-0002-3505-5509 jwinton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-5509","contributorId":1944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"James","email":"jwinton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":628609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schulze, Angela D.","contributorId":169134,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schulze","given":"Angela","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Purcell, Maureen K. mpurcell@usgs.gov","contributorId":138685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Purcell","given":"Maureen K.","email":"mpurcell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":628611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ming, Tobi J.","contributorId":169135,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ming","given":"Tobi","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70026772,"text":"70026772 - 2004 - Population structure and inbreeding vary with successional stage in created Spartina alterniflora marshes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-03T17:22:37","indexId":"70026772","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population structure and inbreeding vary with successional stage in created Spartina alterniflora marshes","docAbstract":"

Recruitment patterns in clonal plant populations are predicted to vary with seed dispersal capability and disturbance regime, such that species with small, widely dispersed seeds will become increasingly dominated by vegetative recruitment on disturbed areas following early colonization. Subsequent mortality due to competitive or stochastic effects is then predicted to cause a gradual decline in both clonal diversity and the ability of surviving clones to avoid geitonogamous mating and possible inbreeding depression. We tested predictions of these hypotheses by comparing four adjacent populations of the salt marsh plant, Spartina alterniflora, ranging in age from 2 to ∼50 yr, by measuring fine‐scale genetic structure at the level of both ramets and genets, and the rate of inbreeding. For this purpose, we sampled maternal tissue and seeds from discrete patches in the field and then genotyped both maternal and seedling tissue (germinated in a growth chamber) using standard molecular protocols. As predicted, we observed an increase in clonal diversity (measured as the complement of the Simpson Index corrected for finite sample sizes, 1 − D) up to a maximum of 0.71 within 3‐m2 patches at 16 yr, declining to 0.55 by ∼50 yr. Local recruitment of seedlings was evident as genetic structure occurring at the level of patches, as measured by the fixation index, θ, which was inversely correlated with diversity (R2 > 0.90 at all patch scales). Outcrossing rates were positively associated with clonal diversity, with the highest level (89%) at an intermediate level of 1 − D. The greatest selfing (32%) occurred in young (2‐yr‐old) patches with low diversity. Biparental inbreeding was minimal in all populations, never exceeding 1%. Inbreeding depression was inferred to be severe, as evidenced by near‐zero adult inbreeding coefficients. These results suggest a possible fitness trade‐off between clonal growth and the opportunity for outcrossing. We recommend that restoration plantings of clonal species with limited sexual recruitment capabilities should be designed to ensure adequate clonal diversity for the avoidance of inbreeding and the ability to adapt to subsequent environmental disturbances.

","largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Applications","language":"English","doi":"10.1890/03-5135","issn":"10510761","usgsCitation":"Travis, S., Proffitt, C., and Ritland, K., 2004, Population structure and inbreeding vary with successional stage in created Spartina alterniflora marshes: Ecological Applications, v. 14, no. 4, p. 1189-1202, https://doi.org/10.1890/03-5135.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1189","endPage":"1202","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":234030,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Sabine National Wildlife Refuge ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.79989624023438,\n 29.835878945929952\n ],\n [\n -93.31512451171875,\n 29.835878945929952\n ],\n [\n -93.31512451171875,\n 29.966832283731062\n ],\n [\n -93.79989624023438,\n 29.966832283731062\n ],\n [\n -93.79989624023438,\n 29.835878945929952\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7d98e4b0c8380cd7a047","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Travis, S.E. 0000-0001-9338-8953","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9338-8953","contributorId":28718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Travis","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Proffitt, C.E. 0000-0002-0845-8441","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0845-8441","contributorId":47339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Proffitt","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ritland, K.","contributorId":36719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ritland","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70026451,"text":"70026451 - 2004 - Mercury speciation and microbial transformations in mine wastes, stream sediments, and surface waters at the Almaden Mining District, Spain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-06T10:16:39","indexId":"70026451","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury speciation and microbial transformations in mine wastes, stream sediments, and surface waters at the Almaden Mining District, Spain","docAbstract":"Speciation of Hg and conversion to methyl-Hg were evaluated in mine wastes, sediments, and water collected from the Almade??n District, Spain, the world's largest Hg producing region. Our data for methyl-Hg, a neurotoxin hazardous to humans, are the first reported for sediment and water from the Almade??n area. Concentrations of Hg and methyl-Hg in mine waste, sediment, and water from Almade??n are among the highest found at Hg mines worldwide. Mine wastes from Almade??n contain highly elevated Hg concentrations, ranging from 160 to 34 000 ??g/g, and methyl-Hg varies from <0.20 to 3100 ng/g. Isotopic tracer methods indicate that mine wastes at one site (Almadenejos) exhibit unusually high rates of Hg-methylation, which correspond with mine wastes containing the highest methyl-Hg concentrations. Streamwater collected near the Almade??n mine is also contaminated, containing Hg as high as 13 000 ng/L and methyl-Hg as high as 30 ng/L; corresponding stream sediments contain Hg concentrations as high as 2300 ??g/g and methyl-Hg concentrations as high as 82 ng/g. Several streamwaters contain Hg concentrations in excess of the 1000 ng/L World Health Organization (WHO) drinking water standard. Methyl-Hg formation and degradation was rapid in mines wastes and stream sediments demonstrating the dynamic nature of Hg cycling. These data indicate substantial downstream transport of Hg from the Almade??n mine and significant conversion to methyl-Hg in the surface environment.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es040359d","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Gray, J.E., Hines, M.E., Higueras, P.L., Adatto, I., and Lasorsa, B.K., 2004, Mercury speciation and microbial transformations in mine wastes, stream sediments, and surface waters at the Almaden Mining District, Spain: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 38, no. 16, p. 4285-4292, https://doi.org/10.1021/es040359d.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"4285","endPage":"4292","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478126,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10578/1282","text":"External Repository"},{"id":234477,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208618,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es040359d"}],"volume":"38","issue":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-07-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a542de4b0c8380cd6ceda","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, John E. jgray@usgs.gov","contributorId":1275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"John","email":"jgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":409572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hines, Mark E.","contributorId":43180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Higueras, Pablo L.","contributorId":94212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higueras","given":"Pablo","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Adatto, Isaac","contributorId":96058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adatto","given":"Isaac","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lasorsa, Brenda K.","contributorId":45398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lasorsa","given":"Brenda","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70026768,"text":"70026768 - 2004 - A visual basic program to generate sediment grain-size statistics and to extrapolate particle distributions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-07T15:14:56","indexId":"70026768","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1315,"text":"Computers & Geosciences","printIssn":"0098-3004","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A visual basic program to generate sediment grain-size statistics and to extrapolate particle distributions","docAbstract":"

Measures that describe and summarize sediment grain-size distributions are important to geologists because of the large amount of information contained in textural data sets. Statistical methods are usually employed to simplify the necessary comparisons among samples and quantify the observed differences. The two statistical methods most commonly used by sedimentologists to describe particle distributions are mathematical moments (Krumbein and Pettijohn, 1938) and inclusive graphics (Folk, 1974). The choice of which of these statistical measures to use is typically governed by the amount of data available (Royse, 1970). If the entire distribution is known, the method of moments may be used; if the next to last accumulated percent is greater than 95, inclusive graphics statistics can be generated. Unfortunately, earlier programs designed to describe sediment grain-size distributions statistically do not run in a Windows environment, do not allow extrapolation of the distribution's tails, or do not generate both moment and graphic statistics (Kane and Hubert, 1963; Collias et al., 1963; Schlee and Webster, 1967; Poppe et al., 2000)1.

Owing to analytical limitations, electro-resistance multichannel particle-size analyzers, such as Coulter Counters, commonly truncate the tails of the fine-fraction part of grain-size distributions. These devices do not detect fine clay in the 0.6–0.1 μm range (part of the 11-phi and all of the 12-phi and 13-phi fractions). Although size analyses performed down to 0.6 μm microns are adequate for most freshwater and near shore marine sediments, samples from many deeper water marine environments (e.g. rise and abyssal plain) may contain significant material in the fine clay fraction, and these analyses benefit from extrapolation.

The program (GSSTAT) described herein generates statistics to characterize sediment grain-size distributions and can extrapolate the fine-grained end of the particle distribution. It is written in Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 and provides a window to facilitate program execution. The input for the sediment fractions is weight percentages in whole-phi notation (Krumbein, 1934; Inman, 1952), and the program permits the user to select output in either method of moments or inclusive graphics statistics (Fig. 1). Users select options primarily with mouse-click events, or through interactive dialogue boxes.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.cageo.2004.05.005","usgsCitation":"Poppe, L., Eliason, A., and Hastings, M., 2004, A visual basic program to generate sediment grain-size statistics and to extrapolate particle distributions: Computers & Geosciences, v. 30, no. 7, p. 791-795, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2004.05.005.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"791","endPage":"795","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478076,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/1628","text":"External Repository"},{"id":234108,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e612e4b0c8380cd47148","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poppe, L.J.","contributorId":72782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppe","given":"L.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eliason, A.H.","contributorId":40972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eliason","given":"A.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hastings, M. E.","contributorId":72012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hastings","given":"M. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70026719,"text":"70026719 - 2004 - Aural abscesses on Florida box turtles are associated with abnormally wet winters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:23","indexId":"70026719","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1898,"text":"Herpetological Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aural abscesses on Florida box turtles are associated with abnormally wet winters","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetological Review","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"0018084X","usgsCitation":"Dodd, C., and Griffey, M.L., 2004, Aural abscesses on Florida box turtles are associated with abnormally wet winters: Herpetological Review, v. 35, no. 3, p. 233-235.","startPage":"233","endPage":"235","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234355,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eeebe4b0c8380cd4a027","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dodd, C.K. Jr.","contributorId":86286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodd","given":"C.K.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Griffey, Marian L.","contributorId":81047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffey","given":"Marian","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70026717,"text":"70026717 - 2004 - The role of fire and fire management in the invasion of nonnative plants in California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:23","indexId":"70026717","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The role of fire and fire management in the invasion of nonnative plants in California","docAbstract":"Researchers with the U.S. Geological Survey seek to understand how fire and fire management strategies may be aiding the invasion of nonnative plants.","largerWorkTitle":"Park Science","language":"English","issn":"07359462","usgsCitation":"Merriam, K.E., McGinnis, T., and Keeley, J., 2004, The role of fire and fire management in the invasion of nonnative plants in California, in Park Science, v. 22, no. 2.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234353,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baf6de4b08c986b3247ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Merriam, K. E.","contributorId":66641,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Merriam","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGinnis, T.W.","contributorId":30949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGinnis","given":"T.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":69082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70026716,"text":"70026716 - 2004 - Fire regimes and vegetation responses in two Mediterranean-climate regions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:23","indexId":"70026716","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Fire regimes and vegetation responses in two Mediterranean-climate regions","docAbstract":"Wildfires resulting from thunderstorms are common in some Mediterranean-climate regions, such as southern California, and have played an important role in the ecology and evolution of the flora. Mediterranean-climate regions are major centers for human population and thus anthropogenic impacts on fire regimes may have important consequences on these plant formations. However, changes in fire regimes may have different impacts on Mediterranean type-ecosystems depending on the capability of plants to respond to such perturbations. Therefore, we compare here fire regimes and vegetation responses of two Mediterranean-climate regions which differ in wildfire regimes and history of human occupation, the central zone of Chile (matorral) and the southern area of California in United States (chaparral). In Chile almost all fires result from anthropogenic activities, whereas lightning fires resulting from thunderstorms are frequent in California. In both regions fires are more frequent in summer, due to high accumulation of dry plant biomass for ignition. Humans have markedly increased fires frequency both in the matorral and chaparral, but extent of burned areas has remained unaltered, probably due to better fire suppression actions and a decline in the built-up of dry plant fuel associated to increased landscape fragmentation with less flammable agricultural and urban developments. As expected, post-fire plant regeneration responses differs between the matorral and chaparral due to differences in the importance of wildfires as a natural evolutionary force in the system. Plants from the chaparral show a broader range of post-fire regeneration responses than the matorral, from basal resprouting, to lignotuber resprouting, and to fire-stimulated germination and flowering with fire-specific clues such as heat shock, chemicals from smoke or charred wood. Plants from the matorral have some resprouting capabilities after fire, but these probably evolved from other environmental pressures, such as severe and long summer droughts, herbivory, and volcanism. Although both Mediterranean-type ecosystems have shown to be resilient to anthropogenic fires, increasing fire frequency may be an important factor that needs to be considered as it may result in strong negative effects on plant successional trends and on plant diversity.","largerWorkTitle":"Revista Chilena de Historia Natural","language":"English","issn":"0716078X","usgsCitation":"Montenegro, G., Ginocchio, R., Segura, A., Keely, J., and Gomez, M., 2004, Fire regimes and vegetation responses in two Mediterranean-climate regions, in Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, v. 77, no. 3, p. 455-464.","startPage":"455","endPage":"464","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234352,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"77","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1045e4b0c8380cd53bd0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Montenegro, G.","contributorId":63762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montenegro","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ginocchio, R.","contributorId":86535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ginocchio","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Segura, A.","contributorId":14614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Segura","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keely, J.E.","contributorId":48359,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keely","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gomez, M.","contributorId":91666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gomez","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70170836,"text":"70170836 - 2004 - Quantitative expression profiling of immune response genes in rainbow trout following infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) infection or DNA vaccination","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-03T15:49:04","indexId":"70170836","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1644,"text":"Fish & Shellfish Immunology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantitative expression profiling of immune response genes in rainbow trout following infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) infection or DNA vaccination","docAbstract":"

Infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is a well-studied virus of salmonid fishes. A highly efficacious DNA vaccine has been developed against this virus and studies have demonstrated that this vaccine induces both an early and transient non-specific anti-viral phase as well as long-term specific protection. The mechanisms of the early anti-viral phase are not known, but previous studies noted changes in Mx gene expression, suggesting a role for type I interferon. This study used quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR methodology to compare expression changes over time of a number of cytokine or cytokine-related genes in the spleen of rainbow trout following injection with poly I:C, live IHNV, the IHNV DNA vaccine or a control plasmid encoding the non-antigenic luciferase gene. The target genes included Mx-1, viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus induced gene 8 (Vig-8), TNF-α1, TNF-α2, IL-1β1, IL-8, TGF-β1 and Hsp70. Poly I:C stimulation induced several genes but the strongest and significant response was observed in the Mx-1 and Vig-8 genes. The live IHN virus induced a significant response in all genes examined except TGF-β1. The control plasmid construct and the IHNV DNA vaccine marginally induced a number of genes, but the main difference between these two groups was a statistically significant induction of the Mx-1 and Vig-8 genes by the IHNV vaccine only. The gene expression profiles elicited by the live virus and the IHNV DNA vaccine differed in a number of aspects but this study confirms the clear role for a type I interferon-like response in early anti-viral defence.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2004.04.017","usgsCitation":"Purcell, M., Kurath, G., Garver, K.A., Herwig, R.P., and Winton, J.R., 2004, Quantitative expression profiling of immune response genes in rainbow trout following infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) infection or DNA vaccination: Fish & Shellfish Immunology, v. 17, no. 5, p. 447-462, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2004.04.017.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"447","endPage":"462","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320931,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5729cbb8e4b0b13d3919a3bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Purcell, Maureen K. mpurcell@usgs.gov","contributorId":138685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Purcell","given":"Maureen K.","email":"mpurcell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":628618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kurath, Gael 0000-0003-3294-560X gkurath@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-560X","contributorId":2629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"Gael","email":"gkurath@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":628619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Garver, Kyle A.","contributorId":77816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garver","given":"Kyle","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":628620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Herwig, Russell P.","contributorId":169137,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Herwig","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Winton, James R. 0000-0002-3505-5509 jwinton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-5509","contributorId":1944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"James","email":"jwinton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":628622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70026808,"text":"70026808 - 2004 - Petrography and character of the bedrock surface beneath western Cape Cod, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-14T12:28:34","indexId":"70026808","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2897,"text":"Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Petrography and character of the bedrock surface beneath western Cape Cod, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"Cores collected during recent drilling in western Cape Cod, Massachusetts provide insight into the topography and petrology of the underlying bedrock. 62 drill sites spread over a ???140 km2 study area produced cores of granitoids (31), orthogneisses (20), basalts/diabases (4), amphibolites (3), felsic mylonites (2), and dolomitic rock (2). Granitoid cores range in composition from granite to tonalite to quartz diorite, but are dominated by single-mica granites. Alteration is common in nearly all cores examined in this study, and is evidenced by the secondary growth of chlorite and epidote. The granitoids resemble rocks of the Dedham and Fall River terranes (Wones and Goldsmith 1991). Gneisses from the study area generally contain the mineral assemblage hornblende+plagioclase+quartz+biotite+epidote??chlorite?? sphene??K-feldspar??sericite+oxides. Based on mineral assemblages, we estimate peak metamorphic grade to be of lower amphibolite facies. X-ray powder diffraction of unmetamorphosed dolomitic cores shows presence of layered silicates (clays), plagioclase, and possible magnesite. Contours of the bedrock surface show locally irregular topography suggesting erosion by glacial scour. The distribution of lithologies suggests a possible continuation of the New Bedford gneissic terrane that outcrops 25 km to the west. Dolomitic rocks may represent a lithified fault gouge material at the eastern edge of the gneissic zone. Basalts/diabases are interpreted to be post-metamorphic dikes of Late Paleozoic age, or possibly associated with Mesozoic rifting.","language":"English","publisher":"Northeastern Science Foundation","issn":"01941453","usgsCitation":"Hallett, B., Poppe, L., and Brand, S., 2004, Petrography and character of the bedrock surface beneath western Cape Cod, Massachusetts: Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences, v. 26, no. 3, p. 230-241.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"230","endPage":"241","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235643,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachussets","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.68603515625,\n 41.7180304600481\n ],\n [\n -69.993896484375,\n 41.7180304600481\n ],\n [\n -69.993896484375,\n 42.09822241118974\n ],\n [\n -70.68603515625,\n 42.09822241118974\n ],\n [\n -70.68603515625,\n 41.7180304600481\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a779ae4b0c8380cd7852d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hallett, B.W.","contributorId":98392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hallett","given":"B.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poppe, L.J.","contributorId":72782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppe","given":"L.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brand, S.G.","contributorId":39051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brand","given":"S.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70026711,"text":"70026711 - 2004 - Bioaccumulation of toxaphene congeners in the lake superior food web","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-12T11:22:35","indexId":"70026711","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bioaccumulation of toxaphene congeners in the lake superior food web","docAbstract":"

The bioaccumulation and biotransformation of toxaphene was examined in the food webs of Lake Superior and Siskiwit Lake (Isle Royale) using congener specific analysis as well as stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen to characterize food webs. Toxaphene concentrations (calculated using technical toxaphene) in lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) from the western basin of Lake Superior (N = 95) averaged (±SD) 889 ± 896 ng/g wet wt and 60 ± 34 ng/g wet wt in Siskiwit Lake. Major congeners in lake trout were B8-789 (P38), B8-2226 (P44), B9-1679 (P50), and B9-1025 (P62). Toxaphene concentrations were found to vary seasonally, especially in lower food web organisms in Lake Superior and to a lesser extent in Siskiwit Lake. Toxaphene concentrations declined significantly in lake herring (Coregonus artedii), rainbow smelt (Omerus mordax), and slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus) as well as in zooplankton (> 102 &mn;m) and Mysis (Mysis relicta) between May and October. The seasonal variation may reflect seasonal shifts in the species abundance within the zooplankton community. Trophic magnification factors (TMF) derived from regressions of toxaphene congener concentrations versus δ15N were > 1 for most octa- and nonachlorobornanes in Lake Superior except B8-1413 (P26) and B9-715. Log bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) for toxaphene congeners in lake trout (ng/g lipid/ng/L dissolved) ranged from 4.54 to 9.7 and were significantly correlated with log octanol-water partition coefficients. TMFs observed for total toxaphene and congener B9-1679 in Lake Superior were similar to those in Arctic lakes, as well as to previous studies in the Great Lakes, which suggests that the bioaccumulation behavior of toxaphene is similar in pelagic food webs of large, cold water systems. However, toxaphene concentrations were lower in lake trout from Siskiwit Lake and lakes in northwestern Ontario than in Lake Superior possibly because of shorter food chains and greater reliance on zooplankton or other pelagic invertebrates.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(04)70350-0","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"Muir, D., Whittle, D., De Vault, D.S., Bronte, C., Karlsson, H., Backus, S., and Teixeira, C., 2004, Bioaccumulation of toxaphene congeners in the lake superior food web: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 30, no. 2, p. 316-340, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(04)70350-0.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"316","endPage":"340","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":234318,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States;Canada","otherGeospatial":"Lake Superior;Siskiwit Lake;Northwestern Ontario","volume":"30","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f13ae4b0c8380cd4aaee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muir, D.C.G.","contributorId":92021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muir","given":"D.C.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whittle, D.M.","contributorId":88919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whittle","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"De Vault, D. S.","contributorId":70572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Vault","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bronte, C.R.","contributorId":20100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bronte","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Karlsson, H.","contributorId":99344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karlsson","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Backus, S.","contributorId":105490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Backus","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Teixeira, C.","contributorId":55614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teixeira","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70027170,"text":"70027170 - 2004 - The bioavailability of chemicals in soil for earthworms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:32","indexId":"70027170","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The bioavailability of chemicals in soil for earthworms","docAbstract":"The bioavailability of chemicals to earthworms can be modified dramatically by soil physical/chemical characteristics, yet expressing exposure as total chemical concentrations does not address this problem. In order to understand the effects of modifying factors on bioavailability, one must measure and express chemical bioavailability to earthworms in a consistent, logical manner. This can be accomplished by direct biological measures of bioavailability (e.g., bioaccumulation, critical body residues), indirect biological measures of bioavailability (e.g., biomarkers, reproduction), or indirect chemical measures of bioavailability (e.g., chemical or solid-phase extracts of soil). If indirect chemical measures of bioavailability are to be used, they must be correlated with some biological response. Bioavailability can be incorporated into ecological risk assessment during risk analysis, primarily in the estimation of exposure. However, in order to be used in the site-specific ecological risk assessment of chemicals, effects concentrations must be developed from laboratory toxicity tests based on exposure estimates utilizing techniques that measure the bioavailable fraction of chemicals in soil, not total chemical concentrations. ?? 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","largerWorkTitle":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2003.08.014","issn":"01476513","usgsCitation":"Lanno, R., Wells, J., Conder, J.M., Bradham, K., and Basta, N., 2004, The bioavailability of chemicals in soil for earthworms, in Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, v. 57, no. 1, p. 39-47, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2003.08.014.","startPage":"39","endPage":"47","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209052,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2003.08.014"},{"id":235231,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba9e7e4b08c986b3225c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lanno, R.","contributorId":103846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanno","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wells, J.","contributorId":29761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Conder, Jason M.","contributorId":81294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conder","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bradham, K.","contributorId":107904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradham","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Basta, N.","contributorId":55623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Basta","given":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70170838,"text":"70170838 - 2004 - Ecological and political issues surrounding decommissioning of offshore oil facilities in the Southern California Bight","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-20T11:02:31","indexId":"70170838","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2926,"text":"Ocean and Coastal Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecological and political issues surrounding decommissioning of offshore oil facilities in the Southern California Bight","docAbstract":"

To aid legislators, resource managers, and the general public, this paper summarizes and clarifies some of the issues and options that the federal government and the state of California face in decommissioning offshore oil and gas production platforms, particularly as these relate to platform ecology. Both local marine ecology and political climate play a role in decommissioning offshore oil production platforms. Compared to the relatively supportive political climate in the Gulf of Mexico for “rigs-to-reefs” programs, conflicting social values among stakeholders in Southern California increases the need for understanding ecological impacts of various decommissioning alternatives (which range from total removal to allowing some or all of platform structure to remain in the ocean). Additional scientific needs in the decommissioning process include further assessment of platform habitat quality, estimation of regional impacts of decommissioning alternatives to marine populations, and determination of biological effects of any residual contaminants. The principal management need is a ranking of environmental priorities (e.g. species-of-interest and marine habitats). Because considerable numbers of economically important species reside near oil platforms, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Fisheries should consider the consequences of decommissioning alternatives in their overall management plans. Management strategies could include designating reefed platforms as marine protected areas. The overarching conclusion from both ecological and political perspectives is that decommissioning decisions should be made on a case-by-case basis.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2004.03.002","usgsCitation":"Schroeder, D.M., and Love, M., 2004, Ecological and political issues surrounding decommissioning of offshore oil facilities in the Southern California Bight: Ocean and Coastal Management, v. 17, no. 1-2, p. 21-48, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2004.03.002.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"48","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320933,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5729cbb0e4b0b13d3919a306","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schroeder, Donna M.","contributorId":67604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroeder","given":"Donna","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Love, Milton S.","contributorId":74652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Love","given":"Milton S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70026706,"text":"70026706 - 2004 - Compositions and sorptive properties of crop residue-derived chars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:24","indexId":"70026706","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Compositions and sorptive properties of crop residue-derived chars","docAbstract":"Chars originating from the burning or pyrolysis of vegetation may significantly sorb neutral organic contaminants (NOCs). To evaluate the relationship between the char composition and NOC sorption, a series of char samples were generated by pyrolyzing a wheat residue (Triticum aestivum L) for 6 h at temperatures between 300 ??C and 700 ??C and analyzed for their elemental compositions, surface areas, and surface functional groups. The samples were then studied for their abilities to sorb benzene and nitrobenzene from water. A commercial activated carbon was used as a reference carbonaceous sample. The char samples produced at high pyrolytic temperatures (500-700 ??C) were well carbonized and exhibited a relatively high surface area (>300 m2/g), little organic matter (<3%), and low oxygen content (???10%). By contrast, the chars formed at low temperatures (300-400 ??C) were only partially carbonized, showing significantly different properties (<200 m2/g surface area, 40-50% organic carbon, and >20% oxygen). The char samples exhibited a significant range of surface acidity/basicity because of their different surface polar-group contents, as characterized by the Boehm titration data and the NMR and FTIR spectra. The NOC sorption by high-temperature chars occurred almost exclusively by surface adsorption on carbonized surfaces, whereas the sorption by low-temperature chars resulted from the surface adsorption and the concurrent smaller partition into the residual organic-matter phase. The chars appeared to have a higher surface affinity for a polar solute (nitrobenzene) than for a nonpolar solute (benzene), the difference being related to the surface acidity/basicity of the char samples.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1021/es035034w","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Chun, Y., Sheng, G., Chiou, G., and Xing, B., 2004, Compositions and sorptive properties of crop residue-derived chars: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 38, no. 17, p. 4649-4655, https://doi.org/10.1021/es035034w.","startPage":"4649","endPage":"4655","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234284,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208506,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es035034w"}],"volume":"38","issue":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-07-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f93be4b0c8380cd4d4f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chun, Y.","contributorId":15802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chun","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sheng, G.","contributorId":70961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheng","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chiou, G.T.","contributorId":7471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chiou","given":"G.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Xing, B.","contributorId":107896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xing","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70026460,"text":"70026460 - 2004 - Persistence of pharmaceutical compounds and other organic wastewater contaminants in a conventional drinking-water-treatment plant","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T10:20:42","indexId":"70026460","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Persistence of pharmaceutical compounds and other organic wastewater contaminants in a conventional drinking-water-treatment plant","docAbstract":"

In a study conducted by the US Geological Survey and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 24 water samples were collected at selected locations within a drinking-water-treatment (DWT) facility and from the two streams that serve the facility to evaluate the potential for wastewater-related organic contaminants to survive a conventional treatment process and persist in potable-water supplies. Stream-water samples as well as samples of raw, settled, filtered, and finished water were collected during low-flow conditions, when the discharge of effluent from upstream municipal sewage-treatment plants accounted for 37–67% of flow in stream 1 and 10–20% of flow in stream 2. Each sample was analyzed for 106 organic wastewater-related contaminants (OWCs) that represent a diverse group of extensively used chemicals. Forty OWCs were detected in one or more samples of stream water or raw-water supplies in the treatment plant; 34 were detected in more than 10% of these samples. Several of these compounds also were frequently detected in samples of finished water; these compounds include selected prescription and non-prescription drugs and their metabolites, fragrance compounds, flame retardants and plasticizers, cosmetic compounds, and a solvent. The detection of these compounds suggests that they resist removal through conventional water-treatment processes. Other compounds that also were frequently detected in samples of stream water and raw-water supplies were not detected in samples of finished water; these include selected prescription and non-prescription drugs and their metabolites, disinfectants, detergent metabolites, and plant and animal steroids. The non-detection of these compounds indicates that their concentrations are reduced to levels less than analytical detection limits or that they are transformed to degradates through conventional DWT processes. Concentrations of OWCs detected in finished water generally were low and did not exceed Federal drinking-water standards or lifetime health advisories, although such standards or advisories have not been established for most of these compounds. Also, at least 11 and as many as 17 OWCs were detected in samples of finished water. Drinking-water criteria currently are based on the toxicity of individual compounds and not combinations of compounds. Little is known about potential human-health effects associated with chronic exposure to trace levels of multiple OWCs through routes such as drinking water. The occurrence in drinking-water supplies of many of the OWCs analyzed for during this study is unregulated and most of these compounds have not been routinely monitored for in the Nation's source- or potable-water supplies. This study provides the first documentation that many of these compounds can survive conventional water-treatment processes and occur in potable-water supplies. It thereby provides information that can be used in setting research and regulatory priorities and in designing future monitoring programs. The results of this study also indicate that improvements in water-treatment processes may benefit from consideration of the response of OWCs and other trace organic contaminants to specific physical and chemical treatments.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.03.015","issn":"00489697","usgsCitation":"Stackelberg, P., Furlong, E., Meyer, M.T., Zaugg, S., Henderson, A., and Reissman, D., 2004, Persistence of pharmaceutical compounds and other organic wastewater contaminants in a conventional drinking-water-treatment plant: Science of the Total Environment, v. 329, no. 1-3, p. 99-113, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.03.015.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"99","endPage":"113","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":234050,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208352,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.03.015"}],"volume":"329","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a76ece4b0c8380cd7839a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stackelberg, P. E.","contributorId":18390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stackelberg","given":"P. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Furlong, E. T. 0000-0002-7305-4603","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7305-4603","contributorId":98346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furlong","given":"E. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meyer, M. T.","contributorId":92279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zaugg, S.D.","contributorId":82811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zaugg","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Henderson, A.K.","contributorId":79674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henderson","given":"A.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Reissman, D.B.","contributorId":44327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reissman","given":"D.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70026703,"text":"70026703 - 2004 - Coal systems - A gateway to predictive assessments of coal production","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:24","indexId":"70026703","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Coal systems - A gateway to predictive assessments of coal production","docAbstract":"Current federal and State coal assessments estimate resources in the ground, resources available for mining, and economically recoverable resources. None of these assessments predict the amount of coal that may be produced from an assessed area in the near future (???20 years). Predictive assessments of coal production would be based on an understanding of the regional coal geology (coal systems), potential demand, and knowledge of the mining history of the region. The output of the predictive assessment would be a supply curve - a probability distribution of the amount of coal expected to be produced from current and new mines during the assessment period.","largerWorkTitle":"2004 SME Annual Meeting Preprints","conferenceTitle":"2004 SME Annual Meeting Preprints","conferenceDate":"23 February 2004 through 25 February 2004","conferenceLocation":"Denver, CO","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Milici, R., 2004, Coal systems - A gateway to predictive assessments of coal production, in 2004 SME Annual Meeting Preprints, Denver, CO, 23 February 2004 through 25 February 2004, p. 269-271.","startPage":"269","endPage":"271","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234250,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f753e4b0c8380cd4cac3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milici, R.","contributorId":45873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milici","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70027019,"text":"70027019 - 2004 - A tree-ring based reconstruction of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation since 1567 A.D","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-09T13:31:27","indexId":"70027019","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A tree-ring based reconstruction of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation since 1567 A.D","docAbstract":"

We present a tree-ring based reconstruction of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) which demonstrates that strong, low-frequency (60-100 yr) variability in basin-wide (0-70??N) sea surface temperatures (SSTs) has been a consistent feature of North Atlantic climate for the past five centuries. Intervention analysis of reconstructed AMO indicates that 20th century modes were similar to those in the preceding ???350 yr, and wavelet spectra show robust multidecadal oscillations throughout the reconstruction. Though the exact relationships between low-frequency SST modes, higher frequency (???7-25 yr) atmospheric modes (e.g., North Atlantic Oscillation/Arctic Oscillation), and terrestrial climates must still be resolved, our results confirm that the AMO should be considered in assessments of past and future Northern Hemisphere climates. Copyright 2004 by the American Geophysical Union.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2004GL019932","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Gray, S., Graumlich, L., Betancourt, J., and Pederson, G., 2004, A tree-ring based reconstruction of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation since 1567 A.D: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 31, no. 12, 4 p, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004GL019932.","productDescription":"4 p","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478090,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2004gl019932","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":235584,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209288,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004GL019932"}],"volume":"31","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-06-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e605e4b0c8380cd470e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, S.T.","contributorId":19680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"S.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graumlich, L.J.","contributorId":30417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graumlich","given":"L.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Betancourt, J.L. 0000-0002-7165-0743","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0743","contributorId":87505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betancourt","given":"J.L.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":412043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pederson, G.T.","contributorId":19353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pederson","given":"G.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70026702,"text":"70026702 - 2004 - Divergent evolution in fluviokarst landscapes of central Kentucky","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:23","indexId":"70026702","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1425,"text":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Divergent evolution in fluviokarst landscapes of central Kentucky","docAbstract":"Central Kentucky is characterized by a mixture of karst and fluvial features, typically manifested as mosaic of karst-rich/ channel-poor (KRCP) and channel-rich/karst-poor (CRKP) environments. At the regional scale the location and distribution of KRCP and CRKP areas are not always systematically related to structural, lithological, topographic, or other controls. This study examines the relationship of KRCP and CRKP zones along the Kentucky River gorge area, where rapid incision in the last 1??5 million years has lowered local base levels and modified slopes on the edge of the inner bluegrass plateau. At the scale of detailed field mapping on foot within a 4 km2 area, the development of karst and fluvial features is controlled by highly localized structural and topographic constraints, and can be related to slope changes associated with retreat of the Kentucky River gorge escarpment. A conceptual model of karst/fluvial transitions is presented, which suggests that minor, localized variations are sufficient to trigger a karst-fluvial or fluvial-karst switch when critical slope thresholds are crossed. ?? 2004 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/esp.1070","issn":"01979337","usgsCitation":"Phillips, J., Martin, L., Nordberg, V., and Andrews, W., 2004, Divergent evolution in fluviokarst landscapes of central Kentucky: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 29, no. 7, p. 799-819, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.1070.","startPage":"799","endPage":"819","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208504,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/esp.1070"},{"id":234282,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-07-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0349e4b0c8380cd503e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Phillips, J. D. 0000-0002-6459-2821","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6459-2821","contributorId":22366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"J. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, L.L.","contributorId":107637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nordberg, V.G.","contributorId":107575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordberg","given":"V.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Andrews, W.A. Jr.","contributorId":7145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"W.A.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70026464,"text":"70026464 - 2004 - Prevalence and differential host-specificity of two avian blood parasite genera in the Australo-Papuan region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:38","indexId":"70026464","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2774,"text":"Molecular Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prevalence and differential host-specificity of two avian blood parasite genera in the Australo-Papuan region","docAbstract":"The degree to which widespread avian blood parasites in the genera Plasmodium and Haemoproteus pose a threat to novel hosts depends in part on the degree to which they are constrained to a particular host or host family. We examined the host distribution and host-specificity of these parasites in birds from two relatively understudied and isolated locations: Australia and Papua New Guinea. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we detected infection in 69 of 105 species, representing 44% of individuals surveyed (n = 428). Across host families, prevalence of Haemoproteus ranged from 13% (Acanthizidae) to 56% (Petroicidae) while prevalence of Plasmodium ranged from 3% (Petroicidae) to 47% (Ptilonorhynchidae). We recovered 78 unique mitochondrial lineages from 155 sequences. Related lineages of Haemoproteus were more likely to derive from the same host family than predicted by chance at shallow (average LogDet genetic distance = 0, n = 12, P = 0.001) and greater depths (average distance = 0.014, n = 11, P < 0.001) within the parasite phylogeny. Within two major Haemoproteus subclades identified in a maximum likelihood phylogeny, host-specificity was evident up to parasite genetic distances of 0.029 and 0.007 based on logistic regression. We found no significant host relationship among lineages of Plasmodium by any method of analysis. These results support previous evidence of strong host-family specificity in Haemoproteus and suggest that lineages of Plasmodium are more likely to form evolutionarily-stable associations with novel hosts.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Molecular Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02363.x","issn":"09621083","usgsCitation":"Beadell, J., Gering, E., Austin, J., Dumbacher, J., Peirce, M., Pratt, T., Atkinson, C., and Fleischer, R., 2004, Prevalence and differential host-specificity of two avian blood parasite genera in the Australo-Papuan region: Molecular Ecology, v. 13, no. 12, p. 3829-3844, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02363.x.","startPage":"3829","endPage":"3844","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208400,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02363.x"},{"id":234128,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-11-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8b65e4b0c8380cd7e235","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beadell, J.S.","contributorId":8265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beadell","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gering, E.","contributorId":78915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gering","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Austin, J.","contributorId":84687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Austin","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dumbacher, J.P.","contributorId":27984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumbacher","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Peirce, M.A.","contributorId":105090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peirce","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pratt, T.K.","contributorId":13717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pratt","given":"T.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Atkinson, C. T.","contributorId":29349,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Atkinson","given":"C. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fleischer, R.C.","contributorId":82259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleischer","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ]}