Mycobacteriosis in striped bass Morone saxatilis of Chesapeake Bay, USA, was first diagnosed in 1997 based on the presence of granulomatous inflammation and acid-fast bacteria in skin and spleen. To confirm histopathology, bacteriological detection and identification of mycobacteria were begun using splenic tissue from fish with and without skin ulcerations. On the basis of initial studies using a variety of selective and nonselective media, decontamination, homogenization and incubation conditions, a simple and quantitative recovery method using aseptic necropsy of splenic tissue was developed. Optimal recovery was obtained by spread-plating homogenates on Middlebrook 7H10 agar with incubation for 3 mo at 23°C. Mycobacteria were recovered from 76% (n = 149/196) of fish examined. Mycobacterial densities exceeded 104 colony forming units · g tissue-1 in 38% of samples (n = 63/168) that were examined using a quantitative approach. The most frequently recovered mycobacterium, present in 57% (n = 109/192) of characterized samples, was the recently named new species Mycobacterium shottsii. Polyinfections of M. shottsii and other mycobacteria were observed in 25% of samples (n = 47/192) with densities of M. shottsii usually 1 or more orders of magnitude higher than co-isolate(s). Other mycobacteria recovered included isolates that, based on phenotypic traits, resembled M. interjectum, M. marinum, M. scrofulaceum, M. szulgai and M. triplex. M. marinum, commonly associated with fish mycobacteriosis and human disease, was recovered infrequently (3%, n = 6/192). The presence of multiple mycobacterial types occurring at high densities suggests that a variety of mycobacteria could be causative agents of mycobacteriosis in striped bass from the Chesapeake Bay. Striped bass is the major recreational fish species in the Chesapeake Bay, and the significance of the current epizootic to human health and the potential adverse effects on fish stocks are not known.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/dao061041","usgsCitation":"Rhodes, M.W., Kator, H., Kaattari, I., Gauthier, D., Vogelbein, W., and Ottinger, C., 2004, Isolation and characterization of mycobacteria from striped bass Morone saxatilis from the Chesapeake Bay: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, v. 61, no. 1-2, p. 41-51, https://doi.org/10.3354/dao061041.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"41","endPage":"51","costCenters":[{"id":418,"text":"National Fish Health Research Laboratory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478081,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao061041","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":234092,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.70654296875,\n 38.522384090200816\n ],\n [\n -76.4208984375,\n 36.86204269508728\n ],\n [\n -75.706787109375,\n 36.958671131530316\n ],\n [\n -75.706787109375,\n 38.238180119798635\n ],\n [\n -76.014404296875,\n 38.91668153637508\n ],\n [\n -75.83862304687499,\n 39.2492708462234\n ],\n [\n -75.750732421875,\n 39.58029027440865\n ],\n [\n -76.453857421875,\n 39.53793974517628\n ],\n [\n -76.70654296875,\n 38.522384090200816\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"61","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3f45e4b0c8380cd643d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rhodes, M. W.","contributorId":80221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rhodes","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kator, H.","contributorId":90672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kator","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kaattari, I.","contributorId":10755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaattari","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gauthier, D.","contributorId":11387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gauthier","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vogelbein, W.","contributorId":23104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogelbein","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ottinger, C. A. 0000-0003-2551-1985","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2551-1985","contributorId":8796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ottinger","given":"C. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70026534,"text":"70026534 - 2004 - Source parameters and rupture velocities of microearthquakes in western Nagano, Japan, determined using stopping phases","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:38","indexId":"70026534","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Source parameters and rupture velocities of microearthquakes in western Nagano, Japan, determined using stopping phases","docAbstract":"We use an inversion method based on stopping phases (Imanishi and Takeo, 2002) to estimate the source dimension, ellipticity, and rupture velocity of microearthquakes and investigate the scaling relationships between source parameters. We studied 25 earthquakes, ranging in size from M 1.3 to M 2.7, that occurred between May and August 1999 at the western Nagano prefecture, Japan, which is characterized by a high rate of shallow earthquakes. The data consist of seismograms recorded in an 800-m borehole and at 46 surface and 2 shallow borehole seismic stations whose spacing is a few kilometers. These data were recorded with a sampling frequency of 10 kHz. In particular, the 800-m-borehole data provide a wide frequency bandwidth with greatly reduced ground noise and coda wave amplitudes compared with surface recordings. High-frequency stopping phases appear in the body waves in Hilbert transform pairs and are readily detected on seismograms recorded in the 800-m borehole. After correcting both borehole and surface data for attenuation, we also measure the rise time, which is defined as the interval from the arrival time of the direct wave to the timing of the maximum amplitude in the displacement pulse. The differential time of the stopping phases and the rise times were used to obtain source parameters. We found that several microearthquakes propagated unilaterally, suggesting that all microearthquakes cannot be modeled as a simple circular crack model. Static stress drops range from approximately 0.1 to 2 MPa and do not vary with seismic moment. It seems that the breakdown in stress drop scaling seen in previous studies using surface data is simply an artifact of attenuation in the crust. The average value of rupture velocity does not depend on earthquake size and is similar to those reported for moderate and large earthquakes. It is likely that earthquakes are self-similar over a wide range of earthquake size and that the dynamics of small and large earthquakes are similar.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/012003085","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Imanishi, K., Takeo, M., Ellsworth, W., Ito, H., Matsuzawa, T., Kuwahara, Y., Iio, Y., Horiuchi, S., and Ohmi, S., 2004, Source parameters and rupture velocities of microearthquakes in western Nagano, Japan, determined using stopping phases: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 94, no. 5, p. 1762-1780, https://doi.org/10.1785/012003085.","startPage":"1762","endPage":"1780","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208354,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/012003085"},{"id":234054,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9335e4b08c986b31a374","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Imanishi, K.","contributorId":51956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Imanishi","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takeo, M.","contributorId":72985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takeo","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellsworth, W.L.","contributorId":48541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellsworth","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ito, H.","contributorId":15800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ito","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Matsuzawa, T.","contributorId":11804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matsuzawa","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kuwahara, Y.","contributorId":63582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuwahara","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Iio, Y.","contributorId":56423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iio","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Horiuchi, S.","contributorId":46272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horiuchi","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ohmi, S.","contributorId":57630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ohmi","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70026610,"text":"70026610 - 2004 - Calculation of individual isotope equilibrium constants for geochemical reactions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T08:12:26","indexId":"70026610","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Calculation of individual isotope equilibrium constants for geochemical reactions","docAbstract":"Theory is derived from the work of Urey (Urey H. C. [1947] The thermodynamic properties of isotopic substances. J. Chem. Soc. 562–581) to calculate equilibrium constants commonly used in geochemical equilibrium and reaction-transport models for reactions of individual isotopic species. Urey showed that equilibrium constants of isotope exchange reactions for molecules that contain two or more atoms of the same element in equivalent positions are related to isotope fractionation factors by α = (Kex)1/n, where n is the number of atoms exchanged. This relation is extended to include species containing multiple isotopes, for example 13C16O18O and 1H2H18O. The equilibrium constants of the isotope exchange reactions can be expressed as ratios of individual isotope equilibrium constants for geochemical reactions. Knowledge of the equilibrium constant for the dominant isotopic species can then be used to calculate the individual isotope equilibrium constants.
Individual isotope equilibrium constants are calculated for the reaction CO2g = CO2aq for all species that can be formed from 12C, 13C, 16O, and 18O; for the reaction between 12C18O2aqand 1H218Ol; and among the various 1H, 2H, 16O, and 18O species of H2O. This is a subset of a larger number of equilibrium constants calculated elsewhere (Thorstenson D. C. and Parkhurst D. L. [2002] Calculation of individual isotope equilibrium constants for implementation in geochemical models. Water-Resources Investigation Report 02-4172. U.S. Geological Survey). Activity coefficients, activity-concentration conventions for the isotopic variants of H2O in the solvent 1H216Ol, and salt effects on isotope fractionation have been included in the derivations. The effects of nonideality are small because of the chemical similarity of different isotopic species of the same molecule or ion. The temperature dependence of the individual isotope equilibrium constants can be calculated from the temperature dependence of the fractionation factors.
The derivations can be extended to calculation of individual isotope equilibrium constants for ion pairs and equilibrium constants for isotopic species of other chemical elements. The individual isotope approach calculates the same phase isotopic compositions as existing methods, but also provides concentrations of individual species, which are needed in calculations of mass-dependent effects in transport processes. The equilibrium constants derived in this paper are used to calculate the example of gas-water equilibrium for CO2 in an acidic aqueous solution.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2003.11.027","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Thorstenson, D., and Parkhurst, D., 2004, Calculation of individual isotope equilibrium constants for geochemical reactions: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 68, no. 11, p. 2449-2465, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2003.11.027.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"2449","endPage":"2465","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":234137,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208406,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2003.11.027"}],"volume":"68","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f303e4b0c8380cd4b552","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thorstenson, D.C.","contributorId":47377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorstenson","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parkhurst, D.L.","contributorId":12474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parkhurst","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70026755,"text":"70026755 - 2004 - Indigenous soil bacteria and low moisture may limit but allow faecal bacteria to multiply and become a minor population in tropical soils","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-29T15:31:19.877327","indexId":"70026755","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3724,"text":"Water Science and Technology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Indigenous soil bacteria and low moisture may limit but allow faecal bacteria to multiply and become a minor population in tropical soils","docAbstract":"The soil environment in Hawaii is generally characterised as sub-optimal but permissive to support the in situ growth of E. coli and enterococci. However, soil desiccation and competition for nutrients by major indigenous soil microflora have been identified as potential factors that could limit a rapid and continual growth of faecal indicator bacteria in this soil environment. Despite these limitations, the genetic capacities of E. coli and enterococci are robust enough to enable these bacteria to become established as minor populations of Hawaii's soil microflora. Although the concentrations of E. coli and enterococci may have represented a fraction of the total soil microbiota, their presence in this habitat was very significant, for two important reasons: (a) soil was a major environmental source of E. coli and enterococci, and (b) the elevated counts of these bacteria in streams that routinely exceeded the EPA standards were due to run-off from soil. As a result, E. coli and enterococci were inadequate indicators to measure the degree of faecal contamination and potential presence of sewage-borne pathogens in Hawaiian streams.
","language":"English","publisher":"IWA Publishing","doi":"10.2166/wst.2004.0009","usgsCitation":"Byappanahalli, M., and Fujioka, R., 2004, Indigenous soil bacteria and low moisture may limit but allow faecal bacteria to multiply and become a minor population in tropical soils: Water Science and Technology, v. 50, no. 1, p. 27-32, https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0009.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"32","costCenters":[{"id":356,"text":"Lake Michigan Ecological Research Station","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":233996,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"50","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3a95e4b0c8380cd61dc2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Byappanahalli, M. 0000-0001-5376-597X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5376-597X","contributorId":44715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byappanahalli","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fujioka, R.","contributorId":62380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fujioka","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70026314,"text":"70026314 - 2004 - Temporal and spatial variation of local stress fields before and after the 1992 eruptions of Crater Peak vent, Mount Spurr volcano, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:37","indexId":"70026314","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal and spatial variation of local stress fields before and after the 1992 eruptions of Crater Peak vent, Mount Spurr volcano, Alaska","docAbstract":"We searched for changes in local stress-field orientation at Mount Spurr volcano, Alaska, between August 1991 and December 2001. This study focuses on the stress-field orientation beneath Crater Peak vent, the site of three eruptions in 1992, and beneath the summit of Mount Spurr. Local stress tensors were calculated by inverting subsets of 140 fault-plane solutions for earthquakes beneath Crater Peak and 96 fault-plane solutions for earthquakes beneath Mount Spurr. We also calculated an upper-crustal regional stress tensor by inverting fault-plane solutions for 66 intraplate earthquakes located near Mount Spurr during 1991-2001. Prior to the 1992 eruptions, and for 11 months beginning with a posteruption seismic swarm, the axis of maximum compressive stress beneath Crater Peak was subhorizontal and oriented N67-76??E, approximately perpendicular to the regional axis of maximum compressive stress (N43??W). The strong temporal correlation between this horizontal stress-field rotation (change in position of the ??1/ ??3 axes relative to regional stress) and magmatic activity indicates that the rotation was related to magmatic activity, and we suggest that the Crater Peak stress-field rotation resulted from pressurization of a network of dikes. During the entire study period, the stress field beneath the summit of Mount Spurr also differed from the regional stress tensor and was characterized by a vertical axis of maximum compressive stress. We suggest that slip beneath Mount Spurr's summit occurs primarily on a major normal fault in response to a combination of gravitational loading, hydrothermal circulation, and magmatic processes beneath Crater Peak. Online material: Regional and local fault-plane solutions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120030259","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Roman, D., Moran, S., Power, J., and Cashman, K.V., 2004, Temporal and spatial variation of local stress fields before and after the 1992 eruptions of Crater Peak vent, Mount Spurr volcano, Alaska: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 94, no. 6, p. 2366-2379, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120030259.","startPage":"2366","endPage":"2379","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208307,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120030259"},{"id":233966,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba4f9e4b08c986b3206ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roman, D.C.","contributorId":52372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roman","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moran, S.C. 0000-0001-7308-9649","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7308-9649","contributorId":78896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"S.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Power, J.A.","contributorId":20765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Power","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cashman, K. V.","contributorId":16831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cashman","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70026315,"text":"70026315 - 2004 - Migration of dispersive GPR data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:37","indexId":"70026315","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Migration of dispersive GPR data","docAbstract":"Electrical conductivity and dielectric and magnetic relaxation phenomena cause electromagnetic propagation to be dispersive in earth materials. Both velocity and attenuation may vary with frequency, depending on the frequency content of the propagating energy and the nature of the relaxation phenomena. A minor amount of velocity dispersion is associated with high attenuation. For this reason, measuring effects of velocity dispersion in ground penetrating radar (GPR) data is difficult. With a dispersive forward model, GPR responses to propagation through materials with known frequency-dependent properties have been created. These responses are used as test data for migration algorithms that have been modified to handle specific aspects of dispersive media. When either Stolt or Gazdag migration methods are modified to correct for just velocity dispersion, the results are little changed from standard migration. For nondispersive propagating wavefield data, like deep seismic, ensuring correct phase summation in a migration algorithm is more important than correctly handling amplitude. However, the results of migrating model responses to dispersive media with modified algorithms indicate that, in this case, correcting for frequency-dependent amplitude loss has a much greater effect on the result than correcting for proper phase summation. A modified migration is only effective when it includes attenuation recovery, performing deconvolution and migration simultaneously.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference Ground Penetrating Radar, GPR 2004","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference Ground Penetrating Radar, GPR 2004","conferenceDate":"21 June 2004 through 24 June 2004","conferenceLocation":"Delft","language":"English","isbn":"9090179593","usgsCitation":"Powers, M., and Oden, C., 2004, Migration of dispersive GPR data, in Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference Ground Penetrating Radar, GPR 2004, v. 1, Delft, 21 June 2004 through 24 June 2004, p. 333-336.","startPage":"333","endPage":"336","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":233967,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5707e4b0c8380cd6d9d6","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Slob E.Yarovoy A.Rhebergen J.B.","contributorId":128406,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Slob E.Yarovoy A.Rhebergen J.B.","id":536592,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Powers, M.H.","contributorId":40352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powers","given":"M.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oden, C.P.","contributorId":13413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oden","given":"C.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70026606,"text":"70026606 - 2004 - Rupture models with dynamically determined breakdown displacement","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:39","indexId":"70026606","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rupture models with dynamically determined breakdown displacement","docAbstract":"The critical breakdown displacement, Dc, in which friction drops to its sliding value, can be made dependent on event size by specifying friction to be a function of variables other than slip. Two such friction laws are examined here. The first is designed to achieve accuracy and smoothness in discrete numerical calculations. Consistent resolution throughout an evolving rupture is achieved by specifying friction as a function of elapsed time after peak stress is reached. Such a time-weakening model produces Dc and fracture energy proportional to the square root of distance rupture has propagated in the case of uniform stress drop. The second friction law is more physically motivated. Energy loss in a damage zone outside the slip zone has the effect of increasing Dc and limiting peak slip velocity (Andrews, 1976). This article demonstrates a converse effect, that artificially limiting slip velocity on a fault in an elastic medium has a toughening effect, increasing fracture energy and Dc proportionally to rupture propagation distance in the case of uniform stress drop. Both the time-weakening and the velocity-toughening models can be used in calculations with heterogeneous stress drop.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120030142","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Andrews, D., 2004, Rupture models with dynamically determined breakdown displacement: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 94, no. 3, p. 769-775, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120030142.","startPage":"769","endPage":"775","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208357,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120030142"},{"id":234060,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaed5e4b0c8380cd87244","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Andrews, D.J.","contributorId":7416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":53435,"text":"ofr20041013 - 2004 - Maps showing the stratigraphic framework of South Carolina's Long Bay from Little River to Winyah Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:58","indexId":"ofr20041013","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1013","title":"Maps showing the stratigraphic framework of South Carolina's Long Bay from Little River to Winyah Bay","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041013","usgsCitation":"Baldwin, W.E., Morton, R., Denny, J.F., Dadisman, S.V., Schwab, W.C., Gayes, P.T., and Driscoll, N.W., 2004, Maps showing the stratigraphic framework of South Carolina's Long Bay from Little River to Winyah Bay: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1013, 20 figs., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041013.","productDescription":"20 figs.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":180809,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5215,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1013/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ae4b07f02db60632c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baldwin, Wayne E. 0000-0001-5886-0917 wbaldwin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5886-0917","contributorId":1321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldwin","given":"Wayne","email":"wbaldwin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":247584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morton, Robert A.","contributorId":88333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"Robert A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Denny, Jane F. 0000-0002-3472-618X jdenny@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3472-618X","contributorId":418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denny","given":"Jane","email":"jdenny@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":247583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dadisman, Shawn V. sdadisman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dadisman","given":"Shawn","email":"sdadisman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":247585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schwab, William C. 0000-0001-9274-5154 bschwab@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9274-5154","contributorId":417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwab","given":"William","email":"bschwab@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":247582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gayes, Paul T.","contributorId":86466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gayes","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":24750,"text":"Coastal Carolina University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":247587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Driscoll, Neal W.","contributorId":63266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Driscoll","given":"Neal","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70026676,"text":"70026676 - 2004 - Mechanisms of electron acceptor utilization: Implications for simulating anaerobic biodegradation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:40","indexId":"70026676","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2233,"text":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mechanisms of electron acceptor utilization: Implications for simulating anaerobic biodegradation","docAbstract":"Simulation of biodegradation reactions within a reactive transport framework requires information on mechanisms of terminal electron acceptor processes (TEAPs). In initial modeling efforts, TEAPs were approximated as occurring sequentially, with the highest energy-yielding electron acceptors (e.g. oxygen) consumed before those that yield less energy (e.g., sulfate). Within this framework in a steady state plume, sequential electron acceptor utilization would theoretically produce methane at an organic-rich source and Fe(II) further downgradient, resulting in a limited zone of Fe(II) and methane overlap. However, contaminant plumes often display much more extensive zones of overlapping Fe(II) and methane. The extensive overlap could be caused by several abiotic and biotic processes including vertical mixing of byproducts in long-screened monitoring wells, adsorption of Fe(II) onto aquifer solids, or microscale heterogeneity in Fe(III) concentrations. Alternatively, the overlap could be due to simultaneous utilization of terminal electron acceptors. Because biodegradation rates are controlled by TEAPs, evaluating the mechanisms of electron acceptor utilization is critical for improving prediction of contaminant mass losses due to biodegradation. Using BioRedox-MT3DMS, a three-dimensional, multi-species reactive transport code, we simulated the current configurations of a BTEX plume and TEAP zones at a petroleum- contaminated field site in Wisconsin. Simulation results suggest that BTEX mass loss due to biodegradation is greatest under oxygen-reducing conditions, with smaller but similar contributions to mass loss from biodegradation under Fe(III)-reducing, sulfate-reducing, and methanogenic conditions. Results of sensitivity calculations document that BTEX losses due to biodegradation are most sensitive to the age of the plume, while the shape of the BTEX plume is most sensitive to effective porosity and rate constants for biodegradation under Fe(III)-reducing and methanogenic conditions. Using this transport model, we had limited success in simulating overlap of redox products using reasonable ranges of parameters within a strictly sequential electron acceptor utilization framework. Simulation results indicate that overlap of redox products cannot be accurately simulated using the constructed model, suggesting either that Fe(III) reduction and methanogenesis are occurring simultaneously in the source area, or that heterogeneities in Fe(III) concentration and/or mineral type cause the observed overlap. Additional field, experimental, and modeling studies will be needed to address these questions. ?? 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2004.01.004","issn":"01697722","usgsCitation":"Schreiber, M., Carey, G., Feinstein, D.T., and Bahr, J., 2004, Mechanisms of electron acceptor utilization: Implications for simulating anaerobic biodegradation: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 73, no. 1-4, p. 99-127, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2004.01.004.","startPage":"99","endPage":"127","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208410,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2004.01.004"},{"id":234144,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a536ee4b0c8380cd6ca9d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schreiber, M.E.","contributorId":35920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreiber","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carey, G.R.","contributorId":18938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carey","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Feinstein, D. T.","contributorId":47328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feinstein","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bahr, J.M.","contributorId":62346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bahr","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70026288,"text":"70026288 - 2004 - Triggered deformation and seismic activity under Mammoth Mountain in Long Valley caldera by the 3 November 2002 Mw 7.9 Denali fault earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-20T11:32:15.632267","indexId":"70026288","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Triggered deformation and seismic activity under Mammoth Mountain in Long Valley caldera by the 3 November 2002 Mw 7.9 Denali fault earthquake","docAbstract":"The 3 November 2002 Mw 7.9 Denali fault earthquake triggered deformational offsets and microseismicity under Mammoth Mountain (MM) on the rim of Long Valley caldera, California, some 3460 km from the earthquake. Such strain offsets and microseismicity were not recorded at other borehole strain sites along the San Andreas fault system in California. The Long Valley offsets were recorded on borehole strainmeters at three sites around the western part of the caldera that includes Mammoth Mountain - a young volcano on the southwestern rim of the caldera. The largest recorded strain offsets were -0.1 microstrain at PO on the west side of MM, 0.05 microstrain at MX to the southeast of MM, and -0.025 microstrain at BS to the northeast of MM with negative strain extensional. High sample rate strain data show initial triggering of the offsets began at 22:30 UTC during the arrival of the first Rayleigh waves from the Alaskan earthquake with peak-to-peak dynamic strain amplitudes of about 2 microstrain corresponding to a stress amplitude of about 0.06 MPa. The strain offsets grew to their final values in the next 10 min. The associated triggered seismicity occurred beneath the south flank of MM and also began at 22:30 UTC and died away over the next 15 min. This relatively weak seismicity burst included some 60 small events with magnitude all less than M = 1. While poorly constrained, these strain observations are consistent with triggered slip and intrusive opening on a north-striking normal fault centered at a depth of 8 km with a moment of l016 N m, or the equivalent of a M 4.3 earthquake. The cumulative seismic moment for the associated seismicity burst was more than three orders of magnitude smaller. These observations and this model resemble those for the triggered deformation and slip that occurred beneath the north side of MM following the 16 October 1999 M 7.1 Hector Mine, California, earthquake. However, in this case, we see little post-event slip decay reflected in the strain data after the Rayleigh-wave arrivals from the Denali fault earthquake and onset of triggered seismicity did not lag the triggered deformation by 20 min. These observations are also distinctly different from the more widespread and energetic seismicity and deformation triggered by the 1992 M 7.3 Landers earthquake in the Long Valley caldera. Thus, each of the three instances of remotely triggered unrest in Long Valley caldera recorded to date differ. In each case, however, the deformation moment inferred from the strain meter data was more than an order of magnitude larger than the cumulative moment for the associated triggered seismicity.","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120040603","usgsCitation":"Johnston, M., Prejean, S., and Hill, D., 2004, Triggered deformation and seismic activity under Mammoth Mountain in Long Valley caldera by the 3 November 2002 Mw 7.9 Denali fault earthquake: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 94, no. 6B, p. S360-S369, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120040603.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"S360","endPage":"S369","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":234116,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Long Valley caldera","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.91017913818358,\n 37.707998069120265\n ],\n [\n -118.85730743408203,\n 37.707998069120265\n ],\n [\n -118.85730743408203,\n 37.73271097867418\n ],\n [\n -118.91017913818358,\n 37.73271097867418\n ],\n [\n -118.91017913818358,\n 37.707998069120265\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"94","issue":"6B","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb84ee4b08c986b3277b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnston, M.J.S. 0000-0003-4326-8368","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4326-8368","contributorId":104889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"M.J.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prejean, S. G. 0000-0003-0510-1989","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0510-1989","contributorId":18935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prejean","given":"S. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hill, D.P.","contributorId":27432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70026641,"text":"70026641 - 2004 - Fishes and habitat characteristics of the Keya Paha River, South Dakota-Nebraska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-03T16:35:42.36864","indexId":"70026641","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2299,"text":"Journal of Freshwater Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fishes and habitat characteristics of the Keya Paha River, South Dakota-Nebraska","docAbstract":"Fishes were collected in four mainstem reaches and eight tributary reaches in the Keya Paha River basin during May and June 2002. Most reaches were characteristically run habitats with sand substrates and riparian pastures. Data were combined with historical records to construct a basin-wide ichthyofaunal list which comprised 38 species from seven families. Dominant species were sand shiners (Notropis ludibundus; 47%), red shiners (Cyprinella lutrensis; 37%), and brassy minnows (Hybognathus hankinsoni; 8%). Dominant game species were bluegill (Lepomis machrochirus) and channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). We found one species previously listed as rare in South Dakota - plains topminnow (Fundulus sciadicus), and four species not previously found in the Keya Paha River - silver chub (Macrhybopsis storeriana), river carpsucker (Carpiodes carpio), northern pike (Esox Indus), yellow perch (Perca flavescens).
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis Online","doi":"10.1080/02705060.2004.9664529","usgsCitation":"Harland, B., and Berry, C.R., 2004, Fishes and habitat characteristics of the Keya Paha River, South Dakota-Nebraska: Journal of Freshwater Ecology, v. 19, no. 2, p. 169-177, https://doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2004.9664529.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"169","endPage":"177","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487445,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2004.9664529","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":234063,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska, South Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.10644531249999,\n 43.229195113965005\n ],\n [\n -104.06249999999999,\n 41.11246878918088\n ],\n [\n -102.17285156249999,\n 40.91351257612758\n ],\n [\n -102.0849609375,\n 39.977120098439634\n ],\n [\n -100.5029296875,\n 39.977120098439634\n ],\n [\n -98.8330078125,\n 39.9434364619742\n ],\n [\n -97.0751953125,\n 39.9434364619742\n ],\n [\n -95.3173828125,\n 39.87601941962116\n ],\n [\n -96.45996093749999,\n 43.004647127794435\n ],\n [\n -96.416015625,\n 44.5278427984555\n ],\n [\n -96.63574218749999,\n 45.920587344733654\n ],\n [\n -104.10644531249999,\n 45.98169518512228\n ],\n [\n -104.10644531249999,\n 43.229195113965005\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"19","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a10b6e4b0c8380cd53d94","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harland, B.","contributorId":21735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harland","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berry, C. R. Jr.","contributorId":39167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"C.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70026241,"text":"70026241 - 2004 - Natural hybrids of the madtoms, Noturus flavus and Noturus insignis, from the Monongahela River drainage, West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:37","indexId":"70026241","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2898,"text":"Northeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Natural hybrids of the madtoms, Noturus flavus and Noturus insignis, from the Monongahela River drainage, West Virginia","docAbstract":"Natural hybridization is rare in the family Ictaluridae. Putative hybrids of the madtoms Noturus flavus and N. insignis were collected from Blackwater River, Monongahela River drainage, WV. Noturus flavus is native to the Monongahela River drainage, whereas N. insignis is nonnative. We quantified morphological differences among N. flavus, N. insignis, and putative hybrids by sheared principal components analysis of morphometric characters. Putative hybrids were intermediate in tooth patch dimensions, caudal fin pigmentation, length of the dorsal fin base, distance between the adipose/caudal notch and base of caudal fin, and position of anal fin. Hybridization between N. flavus and N. insignis is supported by morphological intermediacy, and may be linked to higher abundances of N. insignis or degraded habitat in the Blackwater River.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Northeastern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"10926194","usgsCitation":"Welsh, S., and Cincotta, D.A., 2004, Natural hybrids of the madtoms, Noturus flavus and Noturus insignis, from the Monongahela River drainage, West Virginia: Northeastern Naturalist, v. 11, no. 4, p. 399-406.","startPage":"399","endPage":"406","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234001,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a633ee4b0c8380cd7239d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Welsh, S.A. 0000-0003-0362-054X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0362-054X","contributorId":10191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welsh","given":"S.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cincotta, Dan A.","contributorId":29611,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cincotta","given":"Dan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70026783,"text":"70026783 - 2004 - Evidence for competitive dominance of Pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) over other Salmonids in the North Pacific Ocean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:40","indexId":"70026783","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3278,"text":"Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for competitive dominance of Pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) over other Salmonids in the North Pacific Ocean","docAbstract":"Relatively little is known about fish species interactions in offshore areas of the world's oceans because adequate experimental controls are typically unavailable in such vast areas. However, pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) are numerous and have an alternating-year pattern of abundance that provides a natural experimental control to test for interspecific competition in the North Pacific Ocean and Bering Sea. Since a number of studies have recently examined pink salmon interactions with other salmon, we reviewed them in an effort to describe patterns of interaction over broad regions of the ocean. Research consistently indicated that pink salmon significantly altered prey abundance of other salmon species (e.g., zooplankton, squid), leading to altered diet, reduced total prey consumption and growth, delayed maturation, and reduced survival, depending on species and locale. Reduced survival was observed in chum salmon (O. keta) and Chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha) originating from Puget Sound and in Bristol Bay sockeye salmon (O. nerka). Growth of pink salmon was not measurably affected by other salmon species, but their growth was sometimes inversely related to their own abundance. In all marine studies, pink salmon affected other species through exploitation of prey resources rather than interference. Interspecific competition was observed in nearshore and offshore waters of the North Pacific Ocean and Bering Sea, and one study documented competition between species originating from different continents. Climate change had variable effects on competition. In the North Pacific Ocean, competition was observed before and after the ocean regime shift in 1977 that significantly altered abundances of many marine species, whereas a study in the Pacific Northwest reported a shift from predation- to competition-based mortality in response to the 1982/1983 El Nino. Key traits of pink salmon that influenced competition with other salmonids included great abundance, high consumption rates and rapid growth, degree of diet overlap or consumption of lower trophic level prey, and early migration timing into the ocean. The consistent pattern of findings from multiple regions of the ocean provides evidence that interspecific competition can significantly influence salmon population dynamics and that pink salmon may be the dominant competitor among salmon in marine waters. ?? Springer 2005.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11160-004-6927-0","issn":"09603166","usgsCitation":"Ruggerone, G., and Nielsen, J., 2004, Evidence for competitive dominance of Pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) over other Salmonids in the North Pacific Ocean: Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, v. 14, no. 3, p. 371-390, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-004-6927-0.","startPage":"371","endPage":"390","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208361,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11160-004-6927-0"},{"id":234067,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d38e4b0c8380cd52ea8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruggerone, G.T.","contributorId":83253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruggerone","given":"G.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nielsen, J.L.","contributorId":105665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nielsen","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70026281,"text":"70026281 - 2004 - Effects of radiotransmitters on the reproductive performance of Cassin's auklets","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-23T09:24:03","indexId":"70026281","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of radiotransmitters on the reproductive performance of Cassin's auklets","docAbstract":"We examined whether radiotransmitters adversely affected the reproductive performance of Cassin's auklets (Ptychoramphus aleuticus) breeding on the California Channel Islands during 1999-2001. We attached external radiotransmitters to 1 partner in 108 Cassin's auklet pairs after nest initiation and used 131 unmarked, but handled, pairs as controls. Compared to alpha chicks raised by radiomarked pairs, alpha chicks raised by unmarked pairs had faster mass growth rates (1.95 ± 0.30 g d−1 vs. 3.37 ± 0.53 g d−1, respectively), faster wing growth rates (2.46 ± 0.10 mm d−1 vs. 2.85 ± 0.05 mm d−1), greater peak fledging masses (118.9 ± 3.5 g vs. 148.3 ± 2.4 g), and higher fledging success (61% vs. 90%). Fledging success was reduced more when we radiomarked the male (50% fledged) rather than the female partner (77% fledged). After fledging an alpha chick, unmarked pairs were more likely to initiate a second clutch (radiomarked: 7%; unmarked: 39%) but did not hatch a second egg (radiomarked: 4%; unmarked: 25%) or fledge a second (beta) chick (radiomarked: 4%; unmarked: 18%) significantly more often than radiomarked pairs. We resighted 12 radiomarked individuals nesting during a subsequent breeding season; each bird had shed its transmitter and healed the site of attachment. We suggest caution in using telemetry to evaluate the reproductive performance of alcids, but marking only females may minimize adverse effects.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/0091-7648(2004)032[1229:EOROTR]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00917648","usgsCitation":"Ackerman, J., Adams, J., Takekawa, J.Y., Carter, H., Whitworth, D.L., Newman, S.H., Golightly, R.T., and Orthmeyer, D.L., 2004, Effects of radiotransmitters on the reproductive performance of Cassin's auklets: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 32, no. 4, p. 1229-1241, https://doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2004)032[1229:EOROTR]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1229","endPage":"1241","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":234003,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208329,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2004)032[1229:EOROTR]2.0.CO;2"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"California Channel Islands","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.472997,33.889258 ], [ -120.472997,34.119716 ], [ -119.49651,34.119716 ], [ -119.49651,33.889258 ], [ -120.472997,33.889258 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"32","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0796e4b0c8380cd51778","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":408855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, Josh 0000-0003-3056-925X josh_adams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3056-925X","contributorId":2422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Josh","email":"josh_adams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":408849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":408848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carter, Harry R.","contributorId":79546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Harry R.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":408852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Whitworth, Darrell L.","contributorId":87338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitworth","given":"Darrell","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Newman, Scott H.","contributorId":101372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newman","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Golightly, Richard T.","contributorId":56783,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Golightly","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":7067,"text":"Humboldt State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":408851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Orthmeyer, Dennis L.","contributorId":52646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orthmeyer","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":408850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":1015143,"text":"1015143 - 2004 - Patterns of nitrogen accumulation and cycling in riparian floodplain ecosystems along the Green and Yampa rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-19T09:43:09","indexId":"1015143","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Patterns of nitrogen accumulation and cycling in riparian floodplain ecosystems along the Green and Yampa rivers","docAbstract":"Patterns of nitrogen (N) accumulation and turnover in riparian systems in semi-arid regions are poorly understood, particularly in those ecosystems that lack substantial inputs from nitrogen fixing vegetation. We investigated sources and fluxes of N in chronosequences of riparian forests along the regulated Green River and the free-flowing Yampa River in semi-arid northwestern Colorado. Both rivers lack significant inputs from N-fixing vegetation. Total soil nitrogen increased through time along both rivers, at a rate of about 7.8 g N m−2 year−1 for years 10–70, and 2.7 g N m−2year−1 from years 70–170. We found that the concentration of N in freshly deposited sediments could account for most of the soil N that accumulated in these floodplain soils. Available N (measured by ion exchange resin bags) increased with age along both rivers, more than doubling in 150 years. In contrast to the similar levels of total soil N along these rivers, N turnover rates, annual N mineralization, net nitrification rates, resin-N, and foliar N were all 2–4 times higher along the Green River than the Yampa River. N mineralization and net nitrification rates generally increased through time to steady or slightly declining rates along the Yampa River. Along the Green River, rates of mineralization and nitrification were highest in the youngest age class. The high levels of available N and N turnover in young sites are not characteristic of riparian chronosequences and could be related to changes in hydrology or plant community composition associated with the regulation of the Green River.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00442-004-1486-6","usgsCitation":"Carol E., A., Binkley, D., and Andersen, D., 2004, Patterns of nitrogen accumulation and cycling in riparian floodplain ecosystems along the Green and Yampa rivers: Oecologia, v. 139, no. 1, p. 108-116, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-004-1486-6.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"108","endPage":"116","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131791,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Green river, Yampa river","volume":"139","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db688ad1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carol E., Adair","contributorId":126967,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carol E.","given":"Adair","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6735,"text":"University of Vermont, Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":322317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Binkley, Dan","contributorId":102419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Binkley","given":"Dan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andersen, Douglas C. doug_andersen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"Douglas C.","email":"doug_andersen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":322318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1015154,"text":"1015154 - 2004 - Effects of seeding ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) on vegetation recovery following fire in a ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-23T08:30:05","indexId":"1015154","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2083,"text":"International Journal of Wildland Fire","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Effects of seeding ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) on vegetation recovery following fire in a ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forest","title":"Effects of seeding ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) on vegetation recovery following fire in a ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forest","docAbstract":"Forty-nine vegetation transects were measured in 1997 and 1998 to determine the impact of grass seeding after the 1996 Dome Fire, which burned almost 6900 ha of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Lawson) forest in the Jemez Mountains of north-central New Mexico. High- and moderate-burned areas in Santa Fe National Forest were seeded with a mixture that included the exotic ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.). Adjacent burned areas of Bandelier National Monument were not seeded, and were used as a control in the post-seeding study. On the seeded plots, foliar cover of ryegrass declined from 1997 to 1998 due to self-inhibition and/or reduced precipitation from 1997 to 1998. Foliar cover and diversity of native forbs were greater in 1997 than 1998, probably due to a wet growing season in 1997. Cover, species richness, and diversity of native forbs were highest in non-seeded areas of moderate- and high-burn intensities. Regeneration and survivorship of conifer seedlings decreased as ryegrass cover increased, particularly in areas of high-burn intensity. Exotic plant cover, mostly horseweed [Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq.], increased from 1997 to 1998 in non-seeded areas of moderate- and high-burn intensity. Both the initial success of seeding and the eventual impacts on native vegetation were strongly modulated by climate variability.
","language":"English","publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","doi":"10.1071/WF03012","usgsCitation":"Barclay, A.D., Betancourt, J.L., and Allen, C.D., 2004, Effects of seeding ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) on vegetation recovery following fire in a ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forest: International Journal of Wildland Fire, v. 13, no. 2, p. 183-194, https://doi.org/10.1071/WF03012.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"183","endPage":"194","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132960,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c992","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barclay, Angela D.","contributorId":32883,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barclay","given":"Angela","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":26929,"text":"University of Arizona, School of Natural Resources and the Environment","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":322353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Betancourt, Julio L. 0000-0002-7165-0743 jlbetanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0743","contributorId":3376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betancourt","given":"Julio","email":"jlbetanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":322355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allen, Craig D. 0000-0002-8777-5989 craig_allen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-5989","contributorId":2597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"craig_allen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":322354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1015157,"text":"1015157 - 2004 - Modeling chinook salmon with SALMOD on the Sacramento River, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-28T10:26:40","indexId":"1015157","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1921,"text":"Hydroécologie Appliquée","onlineIssn":"1958-556X","printIssn":"1147-9213","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling chinook salmon with SALMOD on the Sacramento River, California","docAbstract":"Four races of Pacific salmon crowd the Sacramento River below a large reservoir that prevents access to historical spawning grounds. Each race is keyed to spawn at specific times through the year. A salmon population model was used to estimate: (1) the effects that unique run timing, interacting with seasonal river flows and water temperatures, have on each race; and (2) which habitats appeared to be the most limiting for each race. The model appeared to perform well without substantive calibration. Late fall, winter, and spring run Chinook do not appear to have the same production potential as fall run Chinook even though fall run production is more variable than that for the other three races. Spring fish have the lowest production on average, and production appears to be declining through time, perhaps making that race harder to recover should the population become more depressed. Rearing habitat appears to be the factor most limiting production for all races, but water temperature is responsible for most year-to-year production variation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecosciences","doi":"10.1051/hydro:2004012","usgsCitation":"Bartholow, J., 2004, Modeling chinook salmon with SALMOD on the Sacramento River, California: Hydroécologie Appliquée, v. 14, no. 1, p. 193-219, https://doi.org/10.1051/hydro:2004012.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"193","endPage":"219","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478282,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1051/hydro:2004012","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":132412,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db69993a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartholow, J.M.","contributorId":54530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholow","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1015163,"text":"1015163 - 2004 - Improving biodiversity knowledge with dataset synergy: A case study of non-native plants in Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-28T09:13:35","indexId":"1015163","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3739,"text":"Weed Technology","onlineIssn":"1550-2740","printIssn":"0890-037X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Improving biodiversity knowledge with dataset synergy: A case study of non-native plants in Colorado","docAbstract":"Species lists are important tools for managing biodiversity, including controlling nonnative species, but they are either incomplete or lacking for many areas. Our objective was to illustrate how the synergy of disparate data sets can increase knowledge of species distributions while minimizing further field expenditures. We compared five different data types (two species lists, weed surveys, vegetation plots, and weed maps) of nonnative plant locations at the county level from 45 data sets covering Colorado. Species lists captured the highest number of species, but they missed many of the noxious weeds recorded by weed-mapping data. The number of species recorded per county increased by 30% on average with data synergy even in the most intensively surveyed areas. Each data type also followed the same pattern of survey intensity, leaving some areas in the state consistently unsurveyed or undersurveyed. On average, there was a 44% increase in species recorded per county with all data types included. Overall, inclusion of more data types greatly increased knowledge of the nonnative species in Colorado. Therefore, harnessing the synergy of disparate data sets seems to be a cost-effective first step to increase knowledge of species richness (presence) in an area.
","language":"English","publisher":"Weed Science Society of America","doi":"10.1614/0890-037X(2004)018[1441:IBKWDS]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Crosier, C., and Stohlgren, T., 2004, Improving biodiversity knowledge with dataset synergy: A case study of non-native plants in Colorado: Weed Technology, v. 18, no. Sp. 1, p. 1441-1444, https://doi.org/10.1614/0890-037X(2004)018[1441:IBKWDS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1441","endPage":"1444","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133248,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"Sp. 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fde4b07f02db5f5c8b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crosier, C.S.","contributorId":91451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crosier","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stohlgren, T.J.","contributorId":7217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stohlgren","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1015166,"text":"1015166 - 2004 - Lake Powell management alternatives and values: CVM estimates of recreation benefits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-14T13:08:59","indexId":"1015166","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3713,"text":"Water International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lake Powell management alternatives and values: CVM estimates of recreation benefits","docAbstract":"This paper presents data analyses based on information gathered from a recreation survey distributed during the spring of 1997 at Lake Powell. Recreation-linked management issues are the foci of the survey and this discussion. Survey responses to contingent valuation method (CVM) queries included in the questionnaire quantify visitor recreation values. The CVM estimates of the benefits provided by potential resource improvements are compared with the costs of the improvements in a benefit-cost analysis. The CVM questions covered three resources management issues including water quality improvement, sport fish harvest enhancement, and archeological site protection and restoration. The estimated benefits are remarkably high relative to the costs and range from $6 to $60 million per year. The dichotomous choice format was used in each of three resource CVM question scenarios. There were two levels of enhancement for each resource. There are, therefore, several consistency requirements—some of them unique to the dichotomous choice format—that the data and benefit estimates must satisfy. These consistency tests are presented in detail in the ensuing analysis.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02508060408691791","usgsCitation":"Douglas, A.J., and Harpman, D., 2004, Lake Powell management alternatives and values: CVM estimates of recreation benefits: Water International, v. 29, no. 3, p. 375-383, https://doi.org/10.1080/02508060408691791.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"375","endPage":"383","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133083,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Lake Powell","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.72271728515625,\n 36.85325222344018\n ],\n [\n -110.38238525390625,\n 36.85325222344018\n ],\n [\n -110.38238525390625,\n 37.709899354855125\n ],\n [\n -111.72271728515625,\n 37.709899354855125\n ],\n [\n -111.72271728515625,\n 36.85325222344018\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b431a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Douglas, A. J.","contributorId":11172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"A.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harpman, D.A.","contributorId":25526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harpman","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1016301,"text":"1016301 - 2004 - Subspecific relationships and genetic structure in the spotted owl","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-10T11:39:20.172916","indexId":"1016301","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Subspecific relationships and genetic structure in the spotted owl","docAbstract":"Hierarchical genetic structure was examined in the three geographically-defined subspecies of spotted owl (Strix occidentalis) to define relationships among subspecies and quantify variation within and among regional and local populations. Sequences (522 bp) from domains I and II of the mitochondrial control region were analyzed for 213 individuals from 30 local breeding areas. Results confirmed significant differences between northern spotted owls and the other traditional geographically defined subspecies but did not provide support for subspecific level differences between California and Mexican spotted owls. Divergence times among subspecies estimated with a 936 bp portion of the cytochrome b gene dated Northern and California/Mexican spotted owl divergence time to 115,000–125,000 years ago, whereas California/Mexican spotted owl divergence was estimated at 15,000 years ago. Nested clade analyses indicated an association between California spotted owl and Mexican spotted owl haplotypes, implying historical contact between the two groups. Results also identified a number of individuals geographically classified as northern spotted owls (S. o. caurina) that contained haplotypes identified as California spotted owls (S. o. caurina). Among all northern spotted owls sampled (n=131), 12.9% contained California spotted owl haplotypes. In the Klamath region, which is the contact zone between the two subspecies, 20.3% (n=59) of owls were classified as California spotted owls. The Klamath region is a zone of hybridization and speciation for many other taxa as well. Analyses of population structure indicated gene flow among regions within geographically defined subspecies although there was significant differentiation among northern and southern regions of Mexican spotted owls. Among all areas examined, genetic diversity was not significantly reduced except in California spotted owls where the southern region consists of one haplotype. Our results indicate a stable contact zone between northern and California spotted owls, maintaining distinct subspecific haplotypes within their traditional ranges. This supports recovery efforts based on the traditional subspecies designation for the northern spotted owl. Further, although little variation was found between California and Mexican spotted owls, we suggest they should be managed separately because of current isolation between groups.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10592-004-1864-y","usgsCitation":"Haig, S.M., Forsman, E., and Mullins, T., 2004, Subspecific relationships and genetic structure in the spotted owl: Conservation Genetics, v. 5, no. 5, p. 683-705, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-004-1864-y.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"683","endPage":"705","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133482,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699b65","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haig, Susan M. 0000-0002-6616-7589 susan_haig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"Susan","email":"susan_haig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":323932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Forsman, E.D.","contributorId":88324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forsman","given":"E.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mullins, Thomas D.","contributorId":12819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullins","given":"Thomas D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70026291,"text":"70026291 - 2004 - From the Field: Efficacy of visual barriers in reducing black-tailed prairie dog colony expansion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:36","indexId":"70026291","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"From the Field: Efficacy of visual barriers in reducing black-tailed prairie dog colony expansion","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","language":"English","doi":"10.2193/0091-7648(2004)032[1316:FTFEOV]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00917648","usgsCitation":"Merriman, J., Zwank, P., Boal, C.W., and Bashore, T., 2004, From the Field: Efficacy of visual barriers in reducing black-tailed prairie dog colony expansion, in Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 32, no. 4, p. 1316-1320, https://doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2004)032[1316:FTFEOV]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"1316","endPage":"1320","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208416,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2004)032[1316:FTFEOV]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":234155,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a13fde4b0c8380cd5486b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Merriman, J.W.","contributorId":50697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merriman","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zwank, P.J.","contributorId":8961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zwank","given":"P.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boal, C. W.","contributorId":102614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boal","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bashore, T.L.","contributorId":72569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bashore","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1016284,"text":"1016284 - 2004 - Postfire management in forested public lands of the western USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-13T16:06:14","indexId":"1016284","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Postfire management in forested public lands of the western USA","docAbstract":"Forest ecosystems in the western United States evolved over many millennia in response to disturbances such as wildfires. Land use and management practices have altered these ecosystems, however, including fire regimes in some areas. Forest ecosystems are especially vulnerable to postfire management practices because such practices may influence forest dynamics and aquatic systems for decades to centuries. Thus, there is an increasing need to evaluate the effect of postfire treatments from the perspective of ecosystem recovery. We examined, via the published literature and our collective experience, the ecological effects of some common postfire treatments. Based on this examination, promising postfire restoration measures include retention of large trees, rehabilitation of firelines and roads, and, in some cases, planting of native species. The following practices are generally inconsistent with efforts to restore ecosystem functions after fire: seeding exotic species, livestock grazing, placement of physical structures in and near stream channels, ground-based postfire logging, removal of large trees, and road construction. Practices that adversely affect soil integrity, persistence or recovery of native species, riparian functions, or water quality generally impede ecological recovery after fire. Although research provides a basis for evaluating the efficacy of postfire treatments, there is a continuing need to increase our understanding of the effects of such treatments within the context of societal and ecological goals for forested public lands of the western United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.00495.x","usgsCitation":"Beschta, R.L., Rhodes, J., Kauffman, J., Gresswell, R., Minshall, G., Frissell, C., Perry, D., and Hauer, R., 2004, Postfire management in forested public lands of the western USA: Conservation Biology, v. 18, no. 4, p. 957-967, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.00495.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"957","endPage":"967","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133892,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Western United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -127.44140625,\n 27.644606381943326\n ],\n [\n -98.349609375,\n 27.644606381943326\n ],\n [\n -98.349609375,\n 49.03786794532644\n ],\n [\n -127.44140625,\n 49.03786794532644\n ],\n [\n -127.44140625,\n 27.644606381943326\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-07-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db683a21","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beschta, R. 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It is well established that UV-B has been a critical factor shaping the physiology (Blum et al. 1949, Hansson 2000), behavior (Pennington and Emlet 1986, van de Mortel and Buttemer 1998), and distribution (Williamson et al. 2001, Leavitt et al. 2003) of many aquatic species. Recently, increasing UV-B caused by stratospheric ozone depletion has stimulated much research on the UV-B sensitivity of a wide variety of taxa, and has been found to cause direct mortality (Calkins and Thordardottir 1980, reviewed by Siebeck et al. 1994), elevate developmental abnormalities (Ankley et al. 2002), increase susceptibility to disease (Little and Fabacher 1994, Kiesecker and Blaustein 1995), and change the strength of species interactions (Sommaruga 2003). 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","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/03-3171","usgsCitation":"Palen, W.J., Schindler, D.E., Adams, M.J., Pearl, C., Bury, R.B., and Diamond, S.A., 2004, Optical characteristics of natural waters protect amphibians from UV-B in the U.S. Pacific Northwest: Reply: Ecology, v. 85, no. 6, p. 1754-1759, https://doi.org/10.1890/03-3171.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1754","endPage":"1759","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132443,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Cascade Mountain Range, Olympic Mountain Range","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.20019531249999,\n 48.472921272487824\n ],\n [\n -123.8818359375,\n 45.84410779560204\n ],\n [\n -124.78271484375,\n 42.73087427928485\n ],\n [\n -124.27734374999999,\n 41.343824581185686\n ],\n [\n -124.73876953125,\n 40.36328834091583\n ],\n [\n -123.99169921875,\n 39.70718665682654\n ],\n [\n -124.01367187499999,\n 38.71980474264237\n ],\n [\n -122.1240234375,\n 38.993572058209466\n ],\n [\n -122.16796875,\n 40.44694705960048\n ],\n [\n -121.09130859375,\n 41.44272637767212\n ],\n [\n -121.55273437499999,\n 42.74701217318067\n ],\n [\n -120.84960937499999,\n 44.166444664458595\n ],\n [\n -120.52001953124999,\n 45.49094569262732\n ],\n [\n -119.17968749999999,\n 47.040182144806664\n ],\n [\n -119.33349609375,\n 48.980216985374994\n ],\n [\n -123.24462890625,\n 49.03786794532644\n ],\n [\n -123.28857421875,\n 48.4146186174932\n ],\n [\n -123.72802734375,\n 48.28319289548349\n ],\n [\n -125.20019531249999,\n 48.472921272487824\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"85","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aefe4b07f02db69142b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Palen, Wendy J.","contributorId":69513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palen","given":"Wendy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schindler, Daniel E.","contributorId":83485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schindler","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adams, M. 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The effects of the domain size on the intermediate asymptotic island size distribution were also discussed. It was observed that the overall process is dominated by coalescence which is independent of island mass. 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Time since the previous debris-flows was established using dendrochronology, and recurrence interval estimates ranged from 98 to 357 years. Tributary basins with larger drainage areas had a greater abundance of potential landslide source areas and a greater frequency of scouring events compared to smaller basins. The flux rate of material delivered to the confluence with a larger river influenced the development of small-scale debris-flow fans. Fans at the mouths of tributary basins with smaller drainage areas had a higher likelihood of being eroded by the mainstem river in the interval between debris-flows, compared to bigger basins that had larger, more persistent fans. Valley floor width of the receiving channel also influenced fan development because it limited the space available to accommodate fan formation. Of 63 recent debris-flows, 52% delivered sediment and wood directly to the mainstem river, 30% were deposited on an existing fan before reaching the mainstem, and 18% were deposited within the confines of the tributary valley before reaching the confluence. Spatial variation in the location of past and present depositional surfaces indicated that sequential debris-flow deposits did not consistently form in the same place. Instead of being spatially deterministic, results of this study suggest that temporally variable and stochastic factors may be important for predicting the runout length of debris-flows.
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