Basaltic fragments enclosed in andesitic dome lavas and pyroclastic flows erupted during the early stages of the 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo, Philippines, contain amphiboles that crystallized during the injection of mafic magma into a dacitic magma body. The amphiboles contain abundant melt inclusions, which recorded the mixing of andesitic melt in the mafic magma and rhyolitic melt in the dacitic magma. The least evolved melt inclusions have high sulfur contents (up to 1,700 ppm) mostly as SO42, which suggests an oxidized state of the magma (NNO + 1.4). The intrinsically oxidized nature of the mafic magma is confirmed by spinel-olivine oxygen barometry. The value is comparable to that of the dacitic magma (NNO + 1.6). Hence, models invoking mixing as a means of releasing sulfur from the melt are not applicable to Pinatubo. Instead, the oxidized state of the dacitic magma likely reflects that of parental mafic magma and the source region in the sub-arc mantle. Our results fit a model in which long-lived SO2 discharge from underplated mafic magma accumulated in the overlying dacitic magma and immiscible aqueous fluids. The fluids were the most likely source of sulfur that was released into the atmosphere during the cataclysmic eruption. The concurrence of highly oxidized basaltic magma and disproportionate sulfur output during the 1991 Mt. Pinatubo eruption suggests that oxidized mafic melt is an efficient medium for transferring sulfur from the mantle to shallow crustal levels and the atmosphere. As it can carry large amounts of sulfur, effectively scavenge sulfides from the source mantle and discharge SO2 during ascent, oxidized mafic magma forms arc volcanoes with high sulfur fluxes, and potentially contributes to the formation of metallic sulfide deposits.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00410-003-0532-4","issn":"00107999","usgsCitation":"de Hoog, J., Hattori, K., and Hoblitt, R., 2004, Oxidized sulfur-rich mafic magma at Mount Pinatubo, Philippines: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 146, no. 6, p. 750-761, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-003-0532-4.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"750","endPage":"761","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":235517,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209243,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00410-003-0532-4"}],"country":"Phillipines","otherGeospatial":"Mount Pinatubo","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 120.24398803710939,\n 15.019074989409148\n ],\n [\n 120.48294067382812,\n 15.019074989409148\n ],\n [\n 120.48294067382812,\n 15.206012206147157\n ],\n [\n 120.24398803710939,\n 15.206012206147157\n ],\n [\n 120.24398803710939,\n 15.019074989409148\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"146","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-11-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7271e4b0c8380cd76ad3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"de Hoog, J.C.M.","contributorId":25419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"de Hoog","given":"J.C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hattori, K.H.","contributorId":29615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hattori","given":"K.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hoblitt, R.","contributorId":89536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoblitt","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1015224,"text":"1015224 - 2004 - A comparison of three fecal steroid metabolites for pregnancy detection used with single sampling in bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-22T18:01:11","indexId":"1015224","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"A comparison of three fecal steroid metabolites for pregnancy detection used with single sampling in bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis)","title":"A comparison of three fecal steroid metabolites for pregnancy detection used with single sampling in bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis)","docAbstract":"We compared three fecal steroid metabolite assays for their usefulness in detecting pregnancy among free-ranging Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis canadensis) from Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area, Wyoming and Montana (USA) and captive bighorn ewes at ZooMontana in Billings, Montana. Fecal samples were collected from 11 free-ranging, radio-collared bighorn ewes in late January–May 2001 and from 20 free-ranging, radio-collared ewes in late March to mid-May 2002. Free-ranging ewes were monitored the following spring to determine whether or not they lambed. In addition, two captive ewes were studied at Zoo-Montana. With three exceptions, free-ranging bighorn ewes that produced lambs had nonspecific progesterone metabolite (iPdG) levels of >1,800 ng/g feces and iPdG levels >7,000 ng/gm feces when samples were collected between early March and mid-May Samples collected earlier in the year were inconclusive. One false negative was suspected to be the result of sample collection error. Of the captive ewes, nonspecific pregnanediol-3α–glucuronide (PdG) and iPdG followed a predictable curve over the course of the 180-day pregnancies. We conclude that estrone conjugates are not useful in diagnosing pregnancy; however, fecal steroid analysis of PdG and iPdG can be used to accurately determine pregnancy and reproductive function in bighorn sheep. This holds great potential as a noninvasive technique for understanding the role of reproductive disease in wild bighorn sheep.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-40.2.273","usgsCitation":"Schoenecker, K., Lyda, R., and Kirkpatrick, J., 2004, A comparison of three fecal steroid metabolites for pregnancy detection used with single sampling in bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis): Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 40, no. 2, p. 273-281, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-40.2.273.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"273","endPage":"281","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478286,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-40.2.273","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":132615,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b27e4b07f02db6b0f2b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schoenecker, K.A.","contributorId":71120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoenecker","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lyda, R.O.","contributorId":99098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyda","given":"R.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirkpatrick, J.","contributorId":47742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirkpatrick","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1015226,"text":"1015226 - 2004 - Site fidelity, territory fidelity, and natal philopatry in Willow Flycatchers (Empidonax traillii)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-08T13:51:44","indexId":"1015226","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Site fidelity, territory fidelity, and natal philopatry in Willow Flycatchers (Empidonax traillii)","docAbstract":"I investigated the causes and consequences of adult breeding-site fidelity, territory fidelity, and natal philopatry in Willow Flycatchers (Empidonax traillii) in southeastern Oregon over a 10-year period, testing the general hypothesis that fidelity and dispersal distances are influenced by previous breeding performance. Willow Flycatchers adhered to the generally observed tendencies of passerine birds for low natal philopatry and high breedingsite fidelity. Site fidelity (return to the study area) of adult males (52.0%) and females (51.3%), and median dispersal distances between seasons (16 m vs. 19 m) were similar. Previous breeding performance and residency (age-experience), but not study-site quality, explained site fidelity in females. Site fidelity of females rearing 4–5 young (64.4%) exceeded that of unsuccessful females (40.0%), breeding dispersal was less (successful: 15 m; unsuccessful: 33 m), and novice residents were more site-faithful than former residents. Probability of site fidelity was higher for previously successful females (odds ratio = 4.76), those with greater seasonal fecundity (odds ratio = 1.58), novice residents (odds ratio = 1.41), and unparasitized females (odds ratio = 2.76). Male site fidelity was not related to residency, site quality, or previous breeding performance. Territory fidelity (return to the previous territory) in females was best explained by previous breeding performance, but not by site quality or residency. Previously successful females were more likely to return to their territory of the previous season than either unsuccessful (odds ratio = 14.35) or parasitized birds (odds ratio = 6.38). Male territory fidelity was not related to residency, site quality, or previous breeding performance. Natal philopatry was low (7.8%) and similar for males and females. Site quality appeared to influence philopatry, given that no birds reared at a low-quality study site returned there to breed, and birds reared there dispersed farther than birds reared at two other study sites. My results partially support the hypothesis that site fidelity is an adaptive response: (1) previously successful females that switched territories underperformed those that did not switch (P = 0.01); and (2) previously unsuccessful females that switched territories outperformed those that did not switch, but not significantly (P = 0.22).
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1642/0004-8038(2004)121[1103:SFTFAN]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Sedgwick, J., 2004, Site fidelity, territory fidelity, and natal philopatry in Willow Flycatchers (Empidonax traillii): The Auk, v. 121, no. 4, p. 1103-1121, https://doi.org/10.1642/0004-8038(2004)121[1103:SFTFAN]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"1103","endPage":"1121","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132617,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"121","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f6e4b07f02db5f17a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sedgwick, James A.","contributorId":55350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sedgwick","given":"James A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70026733,"text":"70026733 - 2004 - Gene expression fingerprints of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) exposed to pulp and paper mill effluents","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:23","indexId":"70026733","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2797,"text":"Mutation Research - Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gene expression fingerprints of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) exposed to pulp and paper mill effluents","docAbstract":"Effluents from pulp and paper mills that historically have used elemental chlorine in the bleaching process have been implicated in inhibiting reproduction in fish. Compounds with estrogenic and androgenic binding affinities have been found in these effluents, suggesting that the impairment of reproduction is through an endocrine-related mode of action. To date, a great deal of attention has been paid to phytoestrogens and resin acids that are present in mill process streams as a result of pulping trees. Estrogen and estrogen mimics interact directly with the estrogen receptor and have near immediate effects on gene transcription by turning on the expression of a unique set of genes. Using differential display (DD) RT-PCR, we examined changes in gene expression induced by exposure to paper mill effluents. Largemouth bass were exposed to 0, 10, 20, 40, and 80% paper mill effluent concentrations in large flow-through tanks for varied periods of time including 7, 28 or 56 days. Plasma hormone levels in males and females and plasma vitellogenin (Vtg) in females decreased with dose and time. Measurements of changes in gene expression using DD RT-PCR suggest that the gene expression patterns of male fish do not change much with exposure, except for the induction of a few genes including CYP 1A, a protein that is induced through the action of the Ah receptor in response to dioxin and similar polyaromatic hydrocarbons. However, in the case of females, exposure to these effluents resulted in an up-regulation of CYP 1A that was accompanied by a generalized down-regulation of genes normally expressed during the reproductive season. These antiestrogenic changes are in agreement with previous studies in bass exposed to these effluents, and could result in decreased reproductive success in affected populations. ?? 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mutation Research - Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2004.06.001","issn":"00275107","usgsCitation":"Denslow, N., Kocerha, J., Sepulveda, M.S., Gross, T., and Holm, S.E., 2004, Gene expression fingerprints of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) exposed to pulp and paper mill effluents: Mutation Research - Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis, v. 552, no. 1-2, p. 19-34, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2004.06.001.","startPage":"19","endPage":"34","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208592,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2004.06.001"},{"id":234427,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"552","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a14f8e4b0c8380cd54c4f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Denslow, N. D.","contributorId":101606,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Denslow","given":"N. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kocerha, J.","contributorId":34302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kocerha","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sepulveda, M. S.","contributorId":99918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sepulveda","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gross, Timothy","contributorId":40390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gross","given":"Timothy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Holm, S. E.","contributorId":49315,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holm","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":410743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":1015191,"text":"1015191 - 2004 - Cumulative effects of nutrients and pH on the plankton of two mountain lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T17:57:02","indexId":"1015191","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cumulative effects of nutrients and pH on the plankton of two mountain lakes","docAbstract":"We conducted enclosure experiments to examine the cumulative effects of nutrient enrichment and acidification on the plankton of two mountain lakes with differing nutrient conditions. The low-nitrate lake responded to N, N plus acid, and N plus acid plus P additions, showing four- to seven-fold increases in chlorophyll a, increased photosynthetic rate, compositional shifts toward large chlorophytes, and decreased zooplankton biomass. The high-nitrate lake responded minimally to either N or P alone but responded strongly to combined additions of N plus acid plus P, showing eightfold increases in chlorophyll a, increased cell density and photosynthetic rates, and compositional shifts toward chlorophytes and the dinoflagellate Gymnodinium. In both study lakes, changes in chlorophyll a were linked to addition of limiting nutrients regardless of pH, whereas shifts in phytoplankton species composition were apparently affected by both nutrient conditions and acidity. The most striking changes in species composition and biomass occurred in combined N plus acid plus P treatments, indicating that continued nutrient enrichment may interact with acidification to produce marked changes in the plankton of mountain lakes.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/f04-053","usgsCitation":"Lafrancois, B.M., Nydick, K.R., Johnson, B.M., and Baron, J., 2004, Cumulative effects of nutrients and pH on the plankton of two mountain lakes: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 61, no. 7, p. 1153-1165, https://doi.org/10.1139/f04-053.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1153","endPage":"1165","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133665,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"61","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67ec94","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lafrancois, Brenda Moraska","contributorId":68559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafrancois","given":"Brenda","email":"","middleInitial":"Moraska","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nydick, Koren R.","contributorId":196601,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nydick","given":"Koren","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Brett M.","contributorId":70240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Brett","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baron, Jill 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":194124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":322481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1003991,"text":"1003991 - 2004 - Recombinant F1-V fusion protein protects black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) against virulent Yersinia pestis infection","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-04T16:04:42","indexId":"1003991","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2514,"text":"Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recombinant F1-V fusion protein protects black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) against virulent Yersinia pestis infection","docAbstract":"Black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) are highly susceptible to sylvatic plague, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, and this disease has severely hampered efforts to restore ferrets to their historic range. A study was conducted to assess the efficacy of vaccination of black-footed ferrets against plague using a recombinant protein vaccine, designated F1-V, developed by personnel at the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases. Seven postreproductive black-footed ferrets were immunized with the vaccine, followed by two booster immunizations on days 23 and 154; three control black-footed ferrets received a placebo. After the second immunization, antibody titers to both F1 and V antigen were found to be significantly higher in vaccinates than controls. On challenge with 7,800 colony-forming units of virulent plague by s.c. injection, the three control animals died within 3 days, but six of seven vaccinates survived with no ill effects. The seventh vaccinate died on day 8. These results indicate that black-footed ferrets can be immunized against plague induced by the s.c. route, similar to fleabite injection.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Zoo Veterinarians","doi":"10.1638/03-021","usgsCitation":"Rocke, T.E., Mencher, J., Smith, S., Friedlander, A.M., Andrews, G., and Baeten, L., 2004, Recombinant F1-V fusion protein protects black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) against virulent Yersinia pestis infection: Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, v. 35, no. 2, p. 142-146, https://doi.org/10.1638/03-021.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"142","endPage":"146","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129454,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269404,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1638/03-021"}],"volume":"35","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a74e4b07f02db6449a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rocke, Tonie E. 0000-0003-3933-1563 trocke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3933-1563","contributorId":2665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rocke","given":"Tonie","email":"trocke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":314856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mencher, J.","contributorId":95010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mencher","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Susan 0000-0001-6478-5028 susansmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6478-5028","contributorId":139497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Susan","email":"susansmith@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":314852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Friedlander, A. M.","contributorId":38099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedlander","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Andrews, G.P.","contributorId":83474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"G.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Baeten, L. A.","contributorId":40929,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baeten","given":"L. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70027130,"text":"70027130 - 2004 - Active shortening of the Cascadia forearc and implications for seismic hazards of the Puget Lowland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:32","indexId":"70027130","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3524,"text":"Tectonics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Active shortening of the Cascadia forearc and implications for seismic hazards of the Puget Lowland","docAbstract":"Margin-parallel shortening of the Cascadia forearc is a consequence of oblique subduction of the Juan de Fuca plate beneath North America. Strike-slip, thrust, and oblique crustal faults beneath the densely populated Puget Lowland accommodate much of this north-south compression, resulting in large crustal earthquakes. To better understand this forearc deformation and improve earthquake hazard, assessment, we here use seismic reflection surveys, coastal exposures of Pleistocene strata, potential-field data, and airborne laser swath mapping to document and interpret a significant structural boundary near the City of Tacoma. This boundary is a complex structural zone characterized by two distinct segments. The northwest trending, eastern segment, extending from Tacoma to Carr Inlet, is formed by the broad (??? 11.5 km), southwest dipping (??? 11??-2??) Rosedale monocline. This monocline raises Crescent Formation basement about 2.5 km, resulting in a moderate gravity gradient. We interpret the Rosedale monocline as a fault-bend fold, forming above a deep thrust fault. Within the Rosedale monocline, inferred Quaternary strata thin northward and form a growth triangle that is 4.1 to 6.6 km wide at its base, suggesting ??? 2-3 mm/yr of slip on the underlying thrust. The western section of the >40-km-long, north dipping Tacoma fault, extending from Hood Canal to Carr Inlet, forms the western segment of the Tacoma basin margin. Structural relief on this portion of the basin margin may be several kilometers, resulting in steep gravity and aeromagnetic anomalies. Quaternary structural relief along the Tacoma fault is as much as 350-400 m, indicating a minimum slip rate of about 0.2 mm/yr. The inferred eastern section of the Tacoma fault (east of Carr Inlet) crosses the southern part of the Seattle uplift, has variable geometry along strike, and diminished structural relief. The Tacoma fault is regarded as a north dipping backthrust to the Seattle fault, so that slip on a master thrust fault at depth could result in movement on the Seattle fault, the Tacoma fault, or both.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Tectonics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2003TC001507","issn":"02787407","usgsCitation":"Johnson, S.Y., Blakely, R., Stephenson, W.J., Dadisman, S.V., and Fisher, M.A., 2004, Active shortening of the Cascadia forearc and implications for seismic hazards of the Puget Lowland: Tectonics, v. 23, no. 1, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003TC001507.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478133,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2003tc001507","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":235162,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209003,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003TC001507"}],"volume":"23","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-01-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e6ace4b0c8380cd4759e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, S. 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A.","contributorId":69972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70027101,"text":"70027101 - 2004 - The Schaake shuffle: A method for reconstructing space-time variability in forecasted precipitation and temperature fields","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-22T15:17:46.231218","indexId":"70027101","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2344,"text":"Journal of Hydrometeorology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Schaake shuffle: A method for reconstructing space-time variability in forecasted precipitation and temperature fields","docAbstract":"A number of statistical methods that are used to provide local-scale ensemble forecasts of precipitation and temperature do not contain realistic spatial covariability between neighboring stations or realistic temporal persistence for subsequent forecast lead times. To demonstrate this point, output from a global-scale numerical weather prediction model is used in a stepwise multiple linear regression approach to downscale precipitation and temperature to individual stations located in and around four study basins in the United States. Output from the forecast model is downscaled for lead times up to 14 days. Residuals in the regression equation are modeled stochastically to provide 100 ensemble forecasts. The precipitation and temperature ensembles from this approach have a poor representation of the spatial variability and temporal persistence. The spatial correlations for downscaled output are considerably lower than observed spatial correlations at short forecast lead times (e.g., less than 5 days) when there is high accuracy in the forecasts. At longer forecast lead times, the downscaled spatial correlations are close to zero. Similarly, the observed temporal persistence is only partly present at short forecast lead times. A method is presented for reordering the ensemble output in order to recover the space-time variability in precipitation and temperature fields. In this approach, the ensemble members for a given forecast day are ranked and matched with the rank of precipitation and temperature data from days randomly selected from similar dates in the historical record. The ensembles are then reordered to correspond to the original order of the selection of historical data. Using this approach, the observed intersite correlations, intervariable correlations, and the observed temporal persistence are almost entirely recovered. This reordering methodology also has applications for recovering the space-time variability in modeled streamflow.
","language":"English","publisher":"AMS Publications","doi":"10.1175/1525-7541(2004)005<0243:TSSAMF>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Clark, M., Gangopadhyay, S., Hay, L., Rajagopalan, B., and Wilby, R., 2004, The Schaake shuffle: A method for reconstructing space-time variability in forecasted precipitation and temperature fields: Journal of Hydrometeorology, v. 5, no. 1, p. 243-262, https://doi.org/10.1175/1525-7541(2004)005<0243:TSSAMF>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"243","endPage":"262","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478214,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/1525-7541(2004)005<0243:tssamf>2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":235261,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba8dae4b08c986b321ec2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, M.R.","contributorId":88135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gangopadhyay, S.","contributorId":37930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gangopadhyay","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hay, L.","contributorId":72103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hay","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rajagopalan, B.","contributorId":86947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rajagopalan","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wilby, R.","contributorId":75315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilby","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70179774,"text":"70179774 - 2004 - Information on habitat use of larval Ash Meadows speckled dace","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-17T15:18:19","indexId":"70179774","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Information on habitat use of larval Ash Meadows speckled dace","docAbstract":"No abstract available
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Las Vegas, NV","usgsCitation":"McShane, R., Swaim, K., and Scoppettone, G., 2004, Information on habitat use of larval Ash Meadows speckled dace, 7 p. .","productDescription":"7 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333269,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"587f3ddde4b0d96de2564584","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McShane, R.R","contributorId":178376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McShane","given":"R.R","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swaim, K.M.","contributorId":178377,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swaim","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scoppettone, G.G.","contributorId":22793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scoppettone","given":"G.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70179807,"text":"70179807 - 2004 - Olfactory sensitivity of Pacific lampreys to conspecific bile acids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T12:44:14","indexId":"70179807","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Olfactory sensitivity of Pacific lampreys to conspecific bile acids","docAbstract":"No abstract available
","language":"English","publisher":"Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation","publisherLocation":"Pendleton, OR","usgsCitation":"Craig, T., Bayer, J., and Seelye, J., 2004, Olfactory sensitivity of Pacific lampreys to conspecific bile acids.","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333349,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58808d73e4b01dfadfff1571","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Craig, T.C","contributorId":178415,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Craig","given":"T.C","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bayer, J.M.","contributorId":47945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bayer","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seelye, J.G.","contributorId":32861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seelye","given":"J.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70182132,"text":"70182132 - 2004 - Effects of Ichthyophonus on survival and reproductive success of Yukon River Chinook salmon. Final report for study 01-200","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-16T14:41:23","indexId":"70182132","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":" Effects of Ichthyophonus on survival and reproductive success of Yukon River Chinook salmon. Final report for study 01-200","docAbstract":"No abstract available
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Kocan, R., Hershberger, P., and Winton, J., 2004, Effects of Ichthyophonus on survival and reproductive success of Yukon River Chinook salmon. Final report for study 01-200, 57 p. .","productDescription":"57 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335768,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a6c83be4b025c4642862dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kocan, R.","contributorId":95665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kocan","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":669737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hershberger, P.","contributorId":64826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hershberger","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":669738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Winton, J.","contributorId":55627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":669739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1013572,"text":"1013572 - 2004 - Duration of the Arctic sea ice melt season: Regional and interannual variability, 1979-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-06T12:01:50","indexId":"1013572","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2216,"text":"Journal of Climate","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Duration of the Arctic sea ice melt season: Regional and interannual variability, 1979-2001","docAbstract":"Melt onset dates, freeze onset dates, and melt season duration were estimated over Arctic sea ice, 1979–2001, using passive microwave satellite imagery and surface air temperature data. Sea ice melt duration for the entire Northern Hemisphere varied from a 104-day minimum in 1983 and 1996 to a 124-day maximum in 1989. Ranges in melt duration were highest in peripheral seas, numbering 32, 42, 44, and 51 days in the Laptev, Barents-Kara, East Siberian, and Chukchi Seas, respectively. In the Arctic Ocean, average melt duration varied from a 75-day minimum in 1987 to a 103-day maximum in 1989. On average, melt onset in annual ice began 10.6 days earlier than perennial ice, and freeze onset in perennial ice commenced 18.4 days earlier than annual ice. Average annual melt dates, freeze dates, and melt durations in annual ice were significantly correlated with seasonal strength of the Arctic Oscillation (AO). Following high-index AO winters (January–March), spring melt tended to be earlier and autumn freeze later, leading to longer melt season durations. The largest increases in melt duration were observed in the eastern Siberian Arctic, coincident with cyclonic low pressure and ice motion anomalies associated with high-index AO phases. Following a positive AO shift in 1989, mean annual melt duration increased 2–3 weeks in the northern East Siberian and Chukchi Seas. Decreasing correlations between consecutive-year maps of melt onset in annual ice during 1979–2001 indicated increasing spatial variability and unpredictability in melt distributions from one year to the next. Despite recent declines in the winter AO index, recent melt distributions did not show evidence of reestablishing spatial patterns similar to those observed during the 1979–88 low-index AO period. Recent freeze distributions have become increasingly similar to those observed during 1979–88, suggesting a recurrent spatial pattern of freeze chronology under low-index AO conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<0067:DOTASI>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Belchansky, G., Douglas, D., and Platonov, N.G., 2004, Duration of the Arctic sea ice melt season: Regional and interannual variability, 1979-2001: Journal of Climate, v. 17, no. 1, p. 67-80, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<0067:DOTASI>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"80","costCenters":[{"id":106,"text":"Alaska Biological Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478284,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<0067:dotasi>2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":129465,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a041ae4b0c8380cd507b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Belchansky, G. I.","contributorId":24301,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Belchansky","given":"G. 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The effects of the domain size on the intermediate asymptotic island size distribution were also discussed. It was observed that the overall process is dominated by coalescence which is independent of island mass. The results show that the combined effects of growth, coalescence, and Ostwald ripening control the phase transition process in the LBM simulations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Chemical Physics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1063/1.1804158","issn":"00219606","usgsCitation":"Basagaoglu, H., Green, C., Meakin, P., and McCoy, B., 2004, Lattice-Boltzmann simulation of coalescence-driven island coarsening: Journal of Chemical Physics, v. 121, no. 16, p. 7987-7995, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1804158.","startPage":"7987","endPage":"7995","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208314,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1804158"},{"id":233981,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"121","issue":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4589e4b0c8380cd673db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Basagaoglu, H.","contributorId":59211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Basagaoglu","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Green, C.T.","contributorId":73785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"C.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meakin, P.","contributorId":7055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meakin","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCoy, B.J.","contributorId":61216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCoy","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70026980,"text":"70026980 - 2004 - Aquatic and marine animal health - 2003: The second bilateral symposium between Russia and the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:29","indexId":"70026980","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Aquatic and marine animal health - 2003: The second bilateral symposium between Russia and the United States","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathologists","language":"English","issn":"01080288","usgsCitation":"Cipriano, R.C., and Shchelkunov, I., 2004, Aquatic and marine animal health - 2003: The second bilateral symposium between Russia and the United States, in Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathologists, v. 24, no. 2, p. 126-128.","startPage":"126","endPage":"128","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235474,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ed08e4b0c8380cd495a4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cipriano, R. C.","contributorId":12400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cipriano","given":"R.","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shchelkunov, I.S.","contributorId":21326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shchelkunov","given":"I.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70026950,"text":"70026950 - 2004 - Multivariate control of plant species richness and community biomass in blackland prairie","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:29","indexId":"70026950","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2939,"text":"Oikos","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multivariate control of plant species richness and community biomass in blackland prairie","docAbstract":"Recent studies have shown that patterns of plant species richness and community biomass are best understood in a multivariate context. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate a multivariate hypothesis about how herbaceous biomass and richness relate to gradients in soil conditions and woody plant cover in blackland prairies. Structural equation modeling was used to investigate how soil characteristics and shade by scattered Juniperus virginiana trees relate to standing biomass and species richness in 99 0.25 m2 quadrats collected in eastern Mississippi, USA. Analysis proceeded in two stages. In the first stage, we evaluated the hypothesis that correlations among soil parameters could be represented by two underlying (latent) soil factors, mineral content and organic content. In the second stage, we evaluated the hypothesis that richness and biomass were related to (1) soil properties, (2) tree canopy extent, and (3) each other (i.e. reciprocal effects between richness and biomass). With some modification to the details of the original model, it was found that soil properties could be represented as two latent variables. In the overall model, 51% and 53% of the observed variation in richness and biomass were explained. The order of importance for variables explaining variations in richness was (1) soil organic content, (2) soil mineral content, (3) community biomass, and (4) tree canopy extent. The order of importance for variables explaining biomass was (1) tree canopy and (2) soil organic content, with neither soil mineral content nor species richness explaining significant variation in biomass. Based on these findings, we conclude that variations in richness are uniquely related to both variations in soil conditions and variations in herbaceous biomass. We further conclude that there is no evidence in these data for effects of species richness on biomass.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oikos","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.12545.x","issn":"00301299","usgsCitation":"Weiher, E., Forbes, S., Schauwecker, T., and Grace, J., 2004, Multivariate control of plant species richness and community biomass in blackland prairie: Oikos, v. 106, no. 1, p. 151-157, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.12545.x.","startPage":"151","endPage":"157","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235616,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209313,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.12545.x"}],"volume":"106","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-05-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a60b9e4b0c8380cd71644","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weiher, E.","contributorId":18155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiher","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Forbes, S.","contributorId":80056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forbes","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schauwecker, T.","contributorId":91285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schauwecker","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grace, J.B. 0000-0001-6374-4726","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":38938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70026947,"text":"70026947 - 2004 - Tropical Archaea: Diversity associated with the surface microlayer of corals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-13T16:09:40.444669","indexId":"70026947","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tropical Archaea: Diversity associated with the surface microlayer of corals","docAbstract":"Recent 16S rDNA studies have focused on detecting uncultivated bacteria associated with Caribbean reef corals in an effort to address the ecological roles of coral-associated microbes. Reports of Archaea associated with fishes and marine invertebrates raised the question of whether Archaea might also be part of the coral-associated microbial community. DNA analysis of mucus from 3 reef-building species of Caribbean corals, Montastraea annularis complex, Diploria strigosa and D. labyrinthiformis in the US Virgin Islands yielded 34 groups of archaeal 16S ribotypes (defined at the level of 97% similarity). The majority (75%) was most closely matched by BLAST searches to sequences derived from marine water column samples, whereas the remaining ribotypes were most similar to sequences isolated from anoxic environments (15%) and hydrothermal vents (9%). Unlike previous 16S studies of coral-associated Bacteria, the results do not suggest specific associations between particular archaeal sequences and individual coral species. Marine Archaea (Groups I, II and III) in addition to Thermoplasma-like, methanogen, and marine benthic crenarchaeote phylotypes, were detected in the mucus of tropical corals. The finding of sequences from coral-associated Archaea that are closely related to strict and facultative anaerobes, as well as to uncultivated Archaea from other types of anoxic environments, suggests that anaerobic micro-niches may exist in coral mucus layers. Archaea, with their unique biogeochemical capabilities, broaden the scope of possible interactions between corals and their associated microbial communities.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research Science Publisher","doi":"10.3354/meps273081","usgsCitation":"Kellogg, C., 2004, Tropical Archaea: Diversity associated with the surface microlayer of corals: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 273, p. 81-88, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps273081.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"81","endPage":"88","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489128,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/meps273081","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":235579,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United Kingdom, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -65.23681640625,\n 17.570720568038833\n ],\n [\n -64.215087890625,\n 17.570720568038833\n ],\n [\n -64.215087890625,\n 18.599395202198725\n ],\n [\n -65.23681640625,\n 18.599395202198725\n ],\n [\n -65.23681640625,\n 17.570720568038833\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"273","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb892e4b08c986b32792d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kellogg, C.A.","contributorId":13408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kellogg","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70026840,"text":"70026840 - 2004 - Effect of cell physicochemical characteristics and motility on bacterial transport in groundwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:28","indexId":"70026840","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2233,"text":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of cell physicochemical characteristics and motility on bacterial transport in groundwater","docAbstract":"The influence of physicochemical characteristics and motility on bacterial transport in groundwater were examined in flow-through columns. Four strains of bacteria isolated from a crystalline rock groundwater system were investigated, with carboxylate-modified and amidine-modified latex microspheres and bromide as reference tracers. The bacterial isolates included a gram-positive rod (ML1), a gram-negative motile rod (ML2), a nonmotile mutant of ML2 (ML2m), and a gram-positive coccoid (ML3). Experiments were repeated at two flow velocities, in a glass column packed with glass beads, and in another packed with iron-oxyhydroxide coated glass beads. Bacteria breakthrough curves were interpreted using a transport equation that incorporates a sorption model from microscopic observation of bacterial deposition in flow-cell experiments. The model predicts that bacterial desorption rate will decrease exponentially with the amount of time the cell is attached to the solid surface. Desorption kinetics appeared to influence transport at the lower flow rate, but were not discernable at the higher flow rate. Iron-oxyhydroxide coatings had a lower-than-expected effect on bacterial breakthrough and no effect on the microsphere recovery in the column experiments. Cell wall type and shape also had minor effects on breakthrough. Motility tended to increase the adsorption rate, and decrease the desorption rate. The transport model predicts that at field scale, desorption rate kinetics may be important to the prediction of bacteria transport rates. ?? 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2003.08.001","issn":"01697722","usgsCitation":"Becker, M., Collins, S., Metge, D., Harvey, R., and Shapiro, A., 2004, Effect of cell physicochemical characteristics and motility on bacterial transport in groundwater: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 69, no. 3-4, p. 195-213, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2003.08.001.","startPage":"195","endPage":"213","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209282,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2003.08.001"},{"id":235573,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a05c7e4b0c8380cd50f5d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Becker, M.W.","contributorId":35896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Becker","given":"M.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collins, S.A.","contributorId":63947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Metge, D.W.","contributorId":51477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metge","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harvey, R.W. 0000-0002-2791-8503","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-8503","contributorId":11757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"R.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shapiro, A.M. 0000-0002-6425-9607","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6425-9607","contributorId":88384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shapiro","given":"A.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":411312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70026946,"text":"70026946 - 2004 - Fine-scale structure of the San Andreas fault zone and location of the SAFOD target earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-04T15:42:40.236072","indexId":"70026946","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fine-scale structure of the San Andreas fault zone and location of the SAFOD target earthquakes","docAbstract":"We present results from the tomographic analysis of seismic data from the Parkfield area using three different inversion codes. The models provide a consistent view of the complex velocity structure in the vicinity of the San Andreas, including a sharp velocity contrast across the fault. We use the inversion results to assess our confidence in the absolute location accuracy of a potential target earthquake. We derive two types of accuracy estimates, one based on a consideration of the location differences from the three inversion methods, and the other based on the absolute location accuracy of “virtual earthquakes.” Location differences are on the order of 100–200 m horizontally and up to 500 m vertically. Bounds on the absolute location errors based on the “virtual earthquake” relocations are ∼50 m horizontally and vertically. The average of our locations places the target event epicenter within about 100 m of the SAF surface trace.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2003GL019398","usgsCitation":"Thurber, C., Roecker, S., Zhang, H., Baher, S., and Ellsworth, W., 2004, Fine-scale structure of the San Andreas fault zone and location of the SAFOD target earthquakes: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 31, no. 12, L12S02, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GL019398.","productDescription":"L12S02, 4 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478062,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2003gl019398","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":235545,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Andreas Fault","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.6353759765625,\n 35.337533782800946\n ],\n [\n -119.38568115234374,\n 35.337533782800946\n ],\n [\n -119.38568115234374,\n 36.26531407324164\n ],\n [\n -120.6353759765625,\n 36.26531407324164\n ],\n [\n -120.6353759765625,\n 35.337533782800946\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-05-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1028e4b0c8380cd53b5a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thurber, C.","contributorId":107046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurber","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roecker, S.","contributorId":10173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roecker","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhang, H.","contributorId":50311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baher, S.","contributorId":36710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baher","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ellsworth, W.","contributorId":59967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellsworth","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":411747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70026544,"text":"70026544 - 2004 - Airflows and turbulent flux measurements in mountainous terrain: Part 2: Mesoscale effects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T07:30:55","indexId":"70026544","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":681,"text":"Agricultural and Forest Meteorology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Airflows and turbulent flux measurements in mountainous terrain: Part 2: Mesoscale effects","docAbstract":"The location of the Niwot Ridge Ameriflux site within the rocky mountains subjects it to airflows which are common in mountainous terrain. In this study, we examine the effects of some of these mesoscale features on local turbulent flux measurements; most notably, the formation of valley/mountain flows and mountain lee-side waves. The valley/mountain flows created local non-stationarities in the wind flow caused by the passage of a lee-side convergence zone (LCZ) in which upslope and downslope flows met in the vicinity of the measurement tower. During June–August, 2001, possible lee-side convergences were flagged for ∼26% of all half-hour daytime flux measurement periods. However, there was no apparent loss of flux during these periods. On some relatively stable, summer nights, turbulence (designated via σw), and scalar fluctuations (temperature and CO2, for example) exhibited periodicities that appeared congruent with passage of low frequency gravity waves (τ ∼ 20 min). Spectral peaks at 0.0008 Hz (20 min) in both vertical velocity and scalar spectra were observed and indicated that 25–50% of the total scalar covariances were accounted for by the low frequency waves. During some periods of strong westerly winds (predominantly in winter), large mountain gravity waves were observed to form. Typically, the flux tower resided within a region of downslope “shooting flow”, which created high turbulence, but had no detrimental effect on local flux measurements based on valid turbulence statistics and nearly complete energy budget closure. Periodically, we found evidence for re-circulating, rotor winds in the simultaneous time series of wind data from the Ameriflux tower site and a second meteorological site situated 8 km upslope and to the West. Only 14% of the half-hour time periods that we examined for a 4 month period in the winter of 2000–2001 indicated the possible existence of rotor winds. On average, energy budget closure was ∼20% less during periods with rotor occurrence compared to those without.
Results from this study demonstrate that the potential exists for relatively rare, yet significant influences of mesoscale wind flow patterns on the local half-hour flux measurements at this site. Occurrence of these events could be detected through examination of normal turbulence statistical parameters.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2004.04.007","issn":"01681923","usgsCitation":"Turnipseed, A., Anderson, D., Burns, S., Blanken, P., and Monson, R.K., 2004, Airflows and turbulent flux measurements in mountainous terrain: Part 2: Mesoscale effects: Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, v. 125, no. 3-4, p. 187-205, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2004.04.007.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"187","endPage":"205","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":234237,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208476,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2004.04.007"}],"volume":"125","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e92be4b0c8380cd48130","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Turnipseed, A.A.","contributorId":23726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turnipseed","given":"A.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, D.E.","contributorId":47320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burns, S.","contributorId":50698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blanken, P.D.","contributorId":71354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blanken","given":"P.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Monson, Russell K.","contributorId":48136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monson","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70026508,"text":"70026508 - 2004 - Evidence for landscape-level, pollen-mediated gene flow from genetically modified creeping bentgrass with CP4 EPSPS as a marker","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:22","indexId":"70026508","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3165,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for landscape-level, pollen-mediated gene flow from genetically modified creeping bentgrass with CP4 EPSPS as a marker","docAbstract":"Sampling methods and results of a gene flow study are described that will be of interest to plant scientists, evolutionary biologists, ecologists, and stakeholders assessing the environmental safety of transgenic crops. This study documents gene flow on a landscape level from creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.), one of the first wind-pollinated, perennial, and highly outcrossing transgenic crops being developed for commercial use. Most of the gene flow occurred within 2 km in the direction of prevailing winds. The maximal gene flow distances observed were 21 km and 14 km in sentinel and resident plants, respectively, that were located in primarily nonagronomic habitats. The selectable marker used in these studies was the CP4 EPSPS gene derived from Agrobacterium spp. strain CP4 that encodes 5-enol-pyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase and confers resistance to glyphosate herbicide. Evidence for gene flow to 75 of 138 sentinel plants of A. stolonifera and to 29 of 69 resident Agrostis plants was based on seedling progeny survival after spraying with glyphosate in greenhouse assays and positive TraitChek, PCR, and sequencing results. Additional studies are needed to determine whether introgression will occur and whether it will affect the ecological fitness of progeny or the structure of plant communities in which transgenic progeny may become established.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1073/pnas.0405154101","issn":"00278424","usgsCitation":"Watrud, L., Lee, E., Fairbrother, A., Burdick, C., Reichman, J., Bollman, M., Storm, M., King, G., and Van De Water, P.K., 2004, Evidence for landscape-level, pollen-mediated gene flow from genetically modified creeping bentgrass with CP4 EPSPS as a marker: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 101, no. 40, p. 14533-14538, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0405154101.","startPage":"14533","endPage":"14538","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478191,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/521937","text":"External Repository"},{"id":208475,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0405154101"},{"id":234236,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"101","issue":"40","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-09-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d44e4b0c8380cd52ef0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watrud, L.S.","contributorId":10963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watrud","given":"L.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, E.H.","contributorId":59996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"E.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fairbrother, A.","contributorId":25500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fairbrother","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burdick, C.","contributorId":88918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burdick","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reichman, J.R.","contributorId":78130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reichman","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bollman, M.","contributorId":61219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bollman","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Storm, M.","contributorId":31173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storm","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"King, G.","contributorId":74521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Van De Water, Peter K.","contributorId":51484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van De Water","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70026281,"text":"70026281 - 2004 - Effects of radiotransmitters on the reproductive performance of Cassin's auklets","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-23T09:24:03","indexId":"70026281","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of radiotransmitters on the reproductive performance of Cassin's auklets","docAbstract":"We examined whether radiotransmitters adversely affected the reproductive performance of Cassin's auklets (Ptychoramphus aleuticus) breeding on the California Channel Islands during 1999-2001. We attached external radiotransmitters to 1 partner in 108 Cassin's auklet pairs after nest initiation and used 131 unmarked, but handled, pairs as controls. Compared to alpha chicks raised by radiomarked pairs, alpha chicks raised by unmarked pairs had faster mass growth rates (1.95 ± 0.30 g d−1 vs. 3.37 ± 0.53 g d−1, respectively), faster wing growth rates (2.46 ± 0.10 mm d−1 vs. 2.85 ± 0.05 mm d−1), greater peak fledging masses (118.9 ± 3.5 g vs. 148.3 ± 2.4 g), and higher fledging success (61% vs. 90%). Fledging success was reduced more when we radiomarked the male (50% fledged) rather than the female partner (77% fledged). After fledging an alpha chick, unmarked pairs were more likely to initiate a second clutch (radiomarked: 7%; unmarked: 39%) but did not hatch a second egg (radiomarked: 4%; unmarked: 25%) or fledge a second (beta) chick (radiomarked: 4%; unmarked: 18%) significantly more often than radiomarked pairs. We resighted 12 radiomarked individuals nesting during a subsequent breeding season; each bird had shed its transmitter and healed the site of attachment. We suggest caution in using telemetry to evaluate the reproductive performance of alcids, but marking only females may minimize adverse effects.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/0091-7648(2004)032[1229:EOROTR]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00917648","usgsCitation":"Ackerman, J., Adams, J., Takekawa, J.Y., Carter, H., Whitworth, D.L., Newman, S.H., Golightly, R.T., and Orthmeyer, D.L., 2004, Effects of radiotransmitters on the reproductive performance of Cassin's auklets: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 32, no. 4, p. 1229-1241, https://doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2004)032[1229:EOROTR]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1229","endPage":"1241","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":234003,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208329,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2004)032[1229:EOROTR]2.0.CO;2"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"California Channel Islands","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.472997,33.889258 ], [ -120.472997,34.119716 ], [ -119.49651,34.119716 ], [ -119.49651,33.889258 ], [ -120.472997,33.889258 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"32","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0796e4b0c8380cd51778","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":408855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, Josh 0000-0003-3056-925X josh_adams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3056-925X","contributorId":2422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Josh","email":"josh_adams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":408849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":408848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carter, Harry R.","contributorId":79546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Harry R.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":408852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Whitworth, Darrell L.","contributorId":87338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitworth","given":"Darrell","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Newman, Scott H.","contributorId":101372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newman","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Golightly, Richard T.","contributorId":56783,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Golightly","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":7067,"text":"Humboldt State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":408851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Orthmeyer, Dennis L.","contributorId":52646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orthmeyer","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":408850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70027540,"text":"70027540 - 2004 - A geometric performance assessment of the EO-1 advanced land imager","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-10T10:57:51","indexId":"70027540","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1944,"text":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A geometric performance assessment of the EO-1 advanced land imager","docAbstract":"The Earth Observing 1 (EO-1) Advanced Land Imager (ALI) demonstrates technology applicable to a successor system to the Landsat Thematic Mapper series. A study of the geometric performance characteristics of the ALI was conducted under the auspices of the EO-1 Science Validation Team. This study evaluated ALI performance with respect to absolute pointing knowledge, focal plane sensor chip assembly alignment, and band-to-band registration for purposes of comparing this new technology to the heritage Landsat systems. On-orbit geometric calibration procedures were developed that allowed the generation of ALI geometrically corrected products that compare favorably with their Landsat 7 counterparts with respect to absolute geodetic accuracy, internal image geometry, and band registration.","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/TGRS.2003.820603","issn":"01962892","usgsCitation":"Storey, J.C., Choate, M., and Meyer, D.J., 2004, A geometric performance assessment of the EO-1 advanced land imager: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, v. 42, no. 3, p. 602-607, https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2003.820603.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"602","endPage":"607","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478116,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2003.820603","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":238091,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210974,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2003.820603"}],"volume":"42","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e405e4b0c8380cd4635a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Storey, James C. 0000-0002-6664-7232","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6664-7232","contributorId":35505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storey","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Choate, M.J.","contributorId":41194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choate","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meyer, D. J.","contributorId":46721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70027105,"text":"70027105 - 2004 - Tracking contaminants down the Mississippi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:31","indexId":"70027105","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1829,"text":"Geotimes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tracking contaminants down the Mississippi","docAbstract":"The Mississippi River and its last major downstream distributary, the Atchafalaya River, provide approximately 90 percent of the freshwater input to the Gulf of Mexico. Analyses of sediment cores using organic and inorganic tracers as well as bethic foraminifera appear to provide a reliable record of the historic variability of hypoxia in the northern Gulf of Mexico over the past few centuries. Natural variability in hypoxic events may be driven largely by flooding cycles of El Nin??o/La Nin??a prior to recent increases in nutrient loading. Specifically, large floods in 1979, 1983, 1993 and 1998, compounded with the widespread use of fertilizers, also appear at least partially responsible for the recent (post-1980) dramatic increase of hypoxic events in the Mississippi Bight.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geotimes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00168556","usgsCitation":"Swarzenski, P., and Campbell, P., 2004, Tracking contaminants down the Mississippi: Geotimes, v. 49, no. 5, p. 40-41.","startPage":"40","endPage":"41","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235332,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb69fe4b08c986b326da3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swarzenski, P. 0000-0003-0116-0578","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0116-0578","contributorId":49156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swarzenski","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, P.","contributorId":99249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70027082,"text":"70027082 - 2004 - Holocene to Pliocene tectonic evolution of the region offshore of the Los Angeles urban corridor, southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:25","indexId":"70027082","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3524,"text":"Tectonics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Holocene to Pliocene tectonic evolution of the region offshore of the Los Angeles urban corridor, southern California","docAbstract":"Quaternary tectonism in the coastal belt of the Los Angeles urban corridor is diverse. In this paper we report the results of studies of multibeam bathymetry and a network of seismic reflection profiles that have been aimed at deciphering the diverse tectonism and at evaluating the relevance of published explanations of the region's tectonic history. Rapid uplift, subsidence in basins, folds and thrusts, extensional faulting, and strike-slip faulting have all been active at one place or another throughout the Quaternary Period. The tectonic strain is reflected in the modern physiography at all scales. Los Angeles (LA) Basin has filled from a deep submarine basin to its present condition with sediment impounded behind a large sill formed behind uplifts near the present shoreline. Newport trough to the south-southeast of LA Basin also accumulated a large volume of sediment, but remained at midbathyal depths throughout the Period. There is little or no evidence of Quaternary extensional tectonism in either basin although as much as 6 km of subsidence, which mainly occurred by sagging, has been recorded in places since the middle Miocene. The uplifts include folded and thrust faulted terranes in the Palos Verdes Hills and the shelves of Santa Monica and San Pedro Bays. The uplifted areas have been shortened in a southwest-northeast direction by 10% or slightly more, and some folds are reflected in the bathymetry. Two large adjacent midbathyal basins, Santa Monica and San Pedro, show strong evidence of subsidence and slight west-northwest extension (10%) during the same time folding was taking place in the uplifts. The tectonic boundaries between uplifts and basins are folded, normal faulted, reverse-faulted, and strike-slip faulted depending on location. The rapid Quaternary uplift and subsidence, along with the filling of LA Basin, have produced a reversal in the regional physiography. In the early Pliocene, LA Basin was a submarine deep, Palos Verdes and the shelves comprised a northeast basin slope, and the present offshore basins and Catalina Island formed an emergent or shallowly submerged shelf. Since extensional, compressional, and lateral strains are all locally in evidence, simple notions that this part of southern California underwent a change from Miocene transtension to Quaternary transpression fail to explain our observations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Tectonics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2003TC001504","issn":"02787407","usgsCitation":"Bohannon, R.G., Gardner, J., and Sliter, R.W., 2004, Holocene to Pliocene tectonic evolution of the region offshore of the Los Angeles urban corridor, southern California: Tectonics, v. 23, no. 1, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003TC001504.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209197,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003TC001504"},{"id":235443,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-02-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a31f8e4b0c8380cd5e3e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bohannon, R. G.","contributorId":61808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohannon","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gardner, J.V.","contributorId":76705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"J.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sliter, R. W.","contributorId":37758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sliter","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1016277,"text":"1016277 - 2004 - Spatial and temporal patterns of debris flow deposition in the Oregon Coast Range, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-03T12:31:30","indexId":"1016277","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2311,"text":"Journal of Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and temporal patterns of debris flow deposition in the Oregon Coast Range, USA","docAbstract":"Patterns of debris-flow occurrence were investigated in 125 headwater basins in the Oregon Coast Range. Time since the previous debris-flows was established using dendrochronology, and recurrence interval estimates ranged from 98 to 357 years. Tributary basins with larger drainage areas had a greater abundance of potential landslide source areas and a greater frequency of scouring events compared to smaller basins. The flux rate of material delivered to the confluence with a larger river influenced the development of small-scale debris-flow fans. Fans at the mouths of tributary basins with smaller drainage areas had a higher likelihood of being eroded by the mainstem river in the interval between debris-flows, compared to bigger basins that had larger, more persistent fans. Valley floor width of the receiving channel also influenced fan development because it limited the space available to accommodate fan formation. Of 63 recent debris-flows, 52% delivered sediment and wood directly to the mainstem river, 30% were deposited on an existing fan before reaching the mainstem, and 18% were deposited within the confines of the tributary valley before reaching the confluence. Spatial variation in the location of past and present depositional surfaces indicated that sequential debris-flow deposits did not consistently form in the same place. Instead of being spatially deterministic, results of this study suggest that temporally variable and stochastic factors may be important for predicting the runout length of debris-flows.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0169-555X(03)00086-2","usgsCitation":"May, C.L., and Gresswell, R., 2004, Spatial and temporal patterns of debris flow deposition in the Oregon Coast Range, USA: Journal of Geomorphology, v. 57, no. 3-4, p. 135-149, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-555X(03)00086-2.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"135","endPage":"149","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134325,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Coast Range","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.00244140625,\n 42.032974332441405\n ],\n [\n -121.33300781249999,\n 42.032974332441405\n ],\n [\n -121.33300781249999,\n 45.78284835197676\n ],\n [\n -125.00244140625,\n 45.78284835197676\n ],\n [\n -125.00244140625,\n 42.032974332441405\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"57","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db698053","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"May, Christine L.","contributorId":79440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gresswell, Robert E.","contributorId":13194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gresswell","given":"Robert E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}