{"pageNumber":"273","pageRowStart":"6800","pageSize":"25","recordCount":11359,"records":[{"id":70188690,"text":"70188690 - 1989 - Continued studies on opiods and hibernation: Does the polar bear (Ursus maritimus) hibernate?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-05T16:15:56","indexId":"70188690","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"displayTitle":"Continued studies on opiods and hibernation: Does the polar bear (<i>Ursus maritimus</i>) hibernate?","title":"Continued studies on opiods and hibernation: Does the polar bear (Ursus maritimus) hibernate?","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the second international symposium on living in the cold (Colloque Inserm volume 193)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Living in the Cold: 2nd International Symposium","conferenceDate":"April 23-29, 1989","conferenceLocation":"Le Hohwald, France","language":"English, French","publisher":"John Libbey Eurotext Ltd.","publisherLocation":"Montrouge, France","issn":"0768-3154","isbn":"0-86196-234-9","usgsCitation":"Bruce, D.S., Darling, N.K., Seeland, K.J., Oeltgen, P.R., Nilekani, S.P., and Amstrup, S.C., 1989, Continued studies on opiods and hibernation: Does the polar bear (Ursus maritimus) hibernate?, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the second international symposium on living in the cold (Colloque Inserm volume 193), v. 193, Le Hohwald, France, April 23-29, 1989.","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342713,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"193","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"594b85b7e4b062508e382bb6","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Malan, Andre","contributorId":67998,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Malan","given":"Andre","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698923,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Canguilhem, Bernard","contributorId":48452,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Canguilhem","given":"Bernard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698924,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Bruce, David S.","contributorId":188228,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bruce","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Darling, Nancy K.","contributorId":188229,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Darling","given":"Nancy","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seeland, Katheleen J.","contributorId":188230,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seeland","given":"Katheleen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Oeltgen, Peter R.","contributorId":188231,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oeltgen","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nilekani, Sita P.","contributorId":188232,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nilekani","given":"Sita","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":698930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70181875,"text":"70181875 - 1989 - Remote characterization of marine bird habitats with satellite imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-14T16:49:08","indexId":"70181875","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1272,"text":"Colonial Waterbirds","printIssn":"07386028","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Remote characterization of marine bird habitats with satellite imagery","docAbstract":"<p>Remote sensing techniques such as radar altimetry, synthetic aperture radar, coastal zone color scanning, and infrared radiometry provide effective, instantaneous, and relatively inexpensive means for characterizing critical habitats of marine birds. In order to make optimal use of satellite-derived data, the rationale for marine habitat classification is presented, and advantages and limitations of different remote sensing techniques are discussed. An application of remote characterization is used to test for short-term habitat use and selection by the Black-Capped Petrel (<i>Pterodroma hasitata</i>). By comparing synoptic satellite mapping (e.g. infrared radiometry) with ship-board censusing, it was possible to demonstrate that petrels did not use all marine habitats equally, nor did petrels use habitats in proportion to their availability (areal extent).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Waterbird Society","doi":"10.2307/1521314","usgsCitation":"Haney, J.C., 1989, Remote characterization of marine bird habitats with satellite imagery: Colonial Waterbirds, v. 12, no. 1, p. 67-77, https://doi.org/10.2307/1521314.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"77","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335423,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a4254ae4b0c825128ad4d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haney, J. Christopher","contributorId":48043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haney","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Christopher","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":668893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70181037,"text":"70181037 - 1989 - Nesting biology of pacific loons, Gavia pacifica, on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-14T12:09:39.358271","indexId":"70181037","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1163,"text":"Canadian Field-Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nesting biology of pacific loons, Gavia pacifica, on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>The nesting biology of Pacific Loons, <i>Gavia pacifica</i>, was studied from 1973 to 1975 on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska. Loons maintained territories on ponds throughout the pre-nesting period. Both adults incubated eggs and raised the young. Males incubated more than females during early incubation, and females more than males during late incubation. The female assumes much of the early brood rearing, with the male assisting more when food demands of young increase later in brood rearing.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ottawa Field-Naturalists' Club","usgsCitation":"Petersen, M.R., 1989, Nesting biology of pacific loons, Gavia pacifica, on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska: Canadian Field-Naturalist, v. 103, no. 2, p. 265-269.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"265","endPage":"269","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335195,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/356129","text":"Journal's Website"},{"id":335196,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge, Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta","volume":"103","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a18227e4b0c825128564b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Petersen, Margaret R. 0000-0001-6082-3189 mrpetersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6082-3189","contributorId":167729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Margaret","email":"mrpetersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":663420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70196252,"text":"70196252 - 1989 - Nest habitat use of Rio Grande wild turkeys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-28T12:27:05","indexId":"70196252","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3783,"text":"The Wilson Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-5643","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nest habitat use of Rio Grande wild turkeys","docAbstract":"<p><span>Nest habitat use of Rio Grande Wild Turkeys (<i>Meleagris gallopavo intermedia</i>) was studied along the South Platte River in northeast Colorado in 1986-87. Thirty-three of 35 nests were in riparian habitats. Nests were either in western snowberry (<i>Symphoricarpos occidentalis</i>) (67%) or mixed forbs and grasses (33%). Early season nests were more likely to be in snowberry than late season nests. Nest sites were characterized by greater overstory canopy cover, more shrubs, fewer grasses, and greater understory cover and height than surrounding areas. These areas had more shrubs, fewer large trees, and greater understory cover and height than riparian habitats throughout the study area. Phenology of understory vegetation and the effect of such vegetation on nest predation may influence temporal patterns of nest habitat use.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wilson Ornithological Society","usgsCitation":"Schmutz, J.A., Braun, C.E., and Andelt, W.F., 1989, Nest habitat use of Rio Grande wild turkeys: The Wilson Bulletin, v. 101, no. 4, p. 591-598.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"591","endPage":"598","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352834,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":352833,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/4162788"}],"volume":"101","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5aff313ce4b0da30c1bfd8cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":731880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Braun, Clait E.","contributorId":59368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Braun","given":"Clait","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andelt, William F.","contributorId":49296,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Andelt","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70181036,"text":"70181036 - 1989 - Diurnal and seasonal patterns of colony attendance in the Northern Fulmar, Fulmarus glacialis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-14T12:10:30.006445","indexId":"70181036","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1163,"text":"Canadian Field-Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diurnal and seasonal patterns of colony attendance in the Northern Fulmar, Fulmarus glacialis","docAbstract":"<p><span>The annual cycle of Northern Fulmars (<i>Fulmarus glacialis</i>) in the western Gulf of Alaska includes about six months from mid-April to mid-October when birds are associated with land at the Semidi Islands. The pre-laying stage </span><span class=\"aBn\" data-term=\"goog_423296729\"><span class=\"aQJ\">in five years</span></span><span> was marked by recurrent peaks in attendance that included up to 90% of the population, and alternate periods of 2 to 12 days when the breeding ground was deserted. Serial correlation of daily attendance indicated a cyclic pattern with a half-period of five to seven days. Maximum attendance at breeding sites usually occurred in the evening after a gradual increase in numbers during the day. Percentage of attendance by nonbreeding and failed birds varied widely with breeding success, but the seasonal occurrence of nonbreeders followed a consistent pattern: attendance by siteholding nonbreeders peaked before egg-laying, then steadily declined, whereas an influx of nonbreeding floaters occurred in July and August. Different wind directions and speeds influenced the number of birds at the colony for up to three days after they occurred, but it was not possible to explain the birds' behaviour during the pre-laying period in terms of simple linear relationships between attendance and weather. Rather, synchronized attendance appeared to be a social phenomenon mediated by environmental cues such as a change in wind direction.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ottawa Field-Naturalists' Club","usgsCitation":"Hatch, S.A., 1989, Diurnal and seasonal patterns of colony attendance in the Northern Fulmar, Fulmarus glacialis: Canadian Field-Naturalist, v. 103, no. 2, p. 248-260.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"248","endPage":"260","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335193,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/356127","text":"Journal's Website"},{"id":335194,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska","volume":"103","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a18227e4b0c825128564b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatch, Scott A. 0000-0002-0064-8187 shatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-8187","contributorId":2625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","email":"shatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":663419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70196253,"text":"70196253 - 1989 - Reproductive performance of Rio Grande wild turkeys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-28T12:30:14","indexId":"70196253","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reproductive performance of Rio Grande wild turkeys","docAbstract":"<p><span>Frequency, magnitude, and timing of reproduction in Rio Grande Wild Turkey (<i>Meleagris gallopavo intermedia</i>) hens were studied in northeastern Colorado in 1986 and 1987. All adults (n = 12) and 95% (n = 20) of yearlings were known to attempt nesting. Adults initiated first nest attempts earlier than yearlings in 1987 but not 1986. Adults and yearlings did not differ in clutch size or nesting success. There was an inverse relationship between clutch size and initiation date of first nests by adults. Clutch and egg size, however, were not related. Among yearlings, body mass at capture in February was positively correlated with subsequent nest-initiation date. Environmental and social stimuli, but not winter severity, are hypothesized proximate conditions regulating reproduction in this Wild Turkey population.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/1368119","usgsCitation":"Schmutz, J.A., and Braun, C.E., 1989, Reproductive performance of Rio Grande wild turkeys: The Condor, v. 91, no. 3, p. 675-680, https://doi.org/10.2307/1368119.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"675","endPage":"680","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352835,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5aff312ae4b0da30c1bfd8ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":731883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Braun, Clait E.","contributorId":59368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Braun","given":"Clait","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70181221,"text":"70181221 - 1989 - Baleen whales and their prey in a coastal environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-14T13:30:05","indexId":"70181221","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Baleen whales and their prey in a coastal environment","docAbstract":"<p><span>Patterns of abundance of humpback (</span><i>Megaptera novaeangliae</i><span>), fin (</span><i>Balaenoptera physalus</i><span>), and minke (</span><i>Balaenoptera acutorostrata</i><span>) whales are described in relation to the abundance of their primary prey, capelin (</span><i>Mallotus villosus</i><span>), during 1982–1985 at Witless Bay, Newfoundland. The abundance ratio of the three whale species was 10:1:3.5, respectively. Abundance of all whale species was strongly correlated with abundance of capelin through each season and between years. Capelin abundance accounted for 63% of the variation in whale numbers in 1983 and 1984, while environmental parameters (e.g., water temperatures) accounted for little variance. The amount of capelin consumed by whales was small (&lt; 2%) compared with the amount available. All three species overlapped temporally at Witless Bay, but spatial overlap was reduced as fins occurred primarily offshore, minkes primarily inshore, and humpbacks in bay habitats of intermediate depth.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/z89-217","usgsCitation":"Piatt, J.F., Methven, D.A., Burger, A.E., McLagan, R.L., Mercer, V., and Creelman, E., 1989, Baleen whales and their prey in a coastal environment: Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 67, no. 6, p. 1523-30, https://doi.org/10.1139/z89-217.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1523","endPage":"30","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335206,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","state":"Newfoundland","otherGeospatial":"Witless Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -52.93006896972656,\n              47.1248118482342\n            ],\n            [\n              -52.667083740234375,\n              47.1248118482342\n            ],\n            [\n              -52.667083740234375,\n              47.36580396648149\n            ],\n            [\n              -52.93006896972656,\n              47.36580396648149\n            ],\n            [\n              -52.93006896972656,\n              47.1248118482342\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"67","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a18226e4b0c825128564b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":664672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Methven, David A.","contributorId":179915,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Methven","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":664673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burger, Alan E.","contributorId":179916,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burger","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":664674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McLagan, Ruth L.","contributorId":179914,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McLagan","given":"Ruth","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":664675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mercer, Vicki","contributorId":179917,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mercer","given":"Vicki","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":664676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Creelman, Elizabeth","contributorId":179918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Creelman","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":664677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70184285,"text":"70184285 - 1989 - Attendance patterns of murres at breeding sites: Implications for monitoring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-06T16:20:06","indexId":"70184285","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Attendance patterns of murres at breeding sites: Implications for monitoring","docAbstract":"<p><span>We studied attendance patterns (presence and absence at breeding sites) of common murres (<i>Uria aalge</i>) and thick-billed murres (<i>U. lomvia</i>) at a colony in the Semidi Islands, western Gulf of Alaska. The period from mid-laying through hatching was appropriate for censusing because counts were subject to the least amount of daily variation. Time of day and weather did not have large effects on the counts and serial dependence was weak or absent. A trend in murre numbers during the census period occurred in 2 of 4 years but the direction of change was inconsistent. Counts made on 40 consecutive days were needed to detect a 6-8% change in numbers between years, whereas 5 counts were adequate to detect a 20-26% change in numbers. Annual changes in murre numbers varied among study plots but mean combined counts differed by 6-16% between years. Behavioral differences alone were inadequate to explain the annual variation in plot counts because site occupancy rates of individual murres were relatively constant.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3801154","usgsCitation":"Hatch, S.A., and Hatch, M.A., 1989, Attendance patterns of murres at breeding sites: Implications for monitoring: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 53, no. 2, p. 483-493, https://doi.org/10.2307/3801154.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"483","endPage":"493","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336893,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska, Semidi Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -157.01934814453125,\n              55.92766341247029\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.4453125,\n              55.92766341247029\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.4453125,\n              56.29977711792565\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.01934814453125,\n              56.29977711792565\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.01934814453125,\n              55.92766341247029\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"53","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58be8341e4b014cc3a3a9a2f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatch, Scott A. 0000-0002-0064-8187 shatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-8187","contributorId":2625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","email":"shatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hatch, Martha A.","contributorId":181576,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hatch","given":"Martha","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70187697,"text":"70187697 - 1989 - Ethylene glycol (antifreeze) poisoning in a free-ranging polar bear","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-29T18:19:25","indexId":"70187697","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3690,"text":"Veterinary and Human Toxicology","printIssn":"0145-6296","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ethylene glycol (antifreeze) poisoning in a free-ranging polar bear","docAbstract":"<p>The bright, fluorescent pink-colored remains of a polar bear were found on an Alaskan island with the gravel and snow adjacent to the bear colored bright purple. Traces of fox urine and feces found nearby were also pink. The punk and purple colors were due to rhodamine B, and ethylene glycol (EG) was present in the soil under the carcass. Evidence is given to suggest the bear consumed a mixture of rhodamine B and EG commonly used to mark roads and runways during snow and ice periods. Such wildlife losses could be prevented by substituting propylene glycol for the EG in such mixtures.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Kansas State University","issn":"01456296","usgsCitation":"Amstrup, S.C., Gardner, C.L., Myers, K.C., and Oehme, F.W., 1989, Ethylene glycol (antifreeze) poisoning in a free-ranging polar bear: Veterinary and Human Toxicology, v. 31, no. 4, p. 317-319.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"317","endPage":"319","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341302,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Leavitt Island","volume":"31","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591abe3be4b0a7fdb43c8c0f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gardner, Craig L.","contributorId":65259,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gardner","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Myers, Kevin C.","contributorId":13143,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Myers","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Oehme, Frederick W.","contributorId":25648,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oehme","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12661,"text":"Kansas State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70015074,"text":"70015074 - 1989 - Igneous history of the Koyukuk terrane, western Alaska: Constraints on the origin, evolution, and ultimate collision of an accreted island arc terrane","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-30T16:13:49.827716","indexId":"70015074","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Igneous history of the Koyukuk terrane, western Alaska: Constraints on the origin, evolution, and ultimate collision of an accreted island arc terrane","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Koyukuk terrane of western Alaska consists of volcanic, volcaniclastic, and plutonic rocks which range from Late Paleozoic to Early Cretaceous in age. The terrane crops out in a U-shaped belt which is roughly paralleled by outer belts of ultramafic rocks, oceanic plate basalts and cherts, and retrograded blueschist facies rocks of continental protolith. These rocks have been interpreted as components of a volcanic arc terrane that collided with the North American continental margin in Early Cretaceous time. The Koyukuk terrane consists of four time-stratigraphic units: (1) pre-Middle Jurassic basalts, (2) Middle and Late Jurassic granitic rocks, (3) lower Lower Cretaceous volcanic rocks, and (4) upper Lower Cretaceous volcanic rocks. Limited chemical data from the basalts of unit 1 indicate that they were erupted in a nonarc tectonic environment, possibly in an oceanic island or back arc setting. Units 2, 3, and 4 have the characteristics of subduction-related volcanic rocks (i.e., depleted Nb and Ta and enriched alkaline elements, relative to the light rare earth elements). Unit 3 contains tholeiitic, calc-alkaline, and alkaline rocks with chondrite-normalized rare earth element patterns that range from flat (La</span><sub><i>N</i></sub><span>/Yb</span><sub><i>N</i></sub><span>&nbsp;= 1) to highly light rare earth element enriched (La</span><sub><i>N</i></sub><span>/Yb</span><sub><i>N</i></sub><span>&nbsp;&gt; 15). The highly alkaline or shoshonitic lavas were erupted toward the end of unit 3 time (Valanginian) during the final stages of arc-continent collision. These alkaline lavas could have been derived by very small degrees of partial melting of a similar source to that of the earlier arc lavas. Unit 4 lavas are also alkaline or shoshonitic, but their incompatible element composition indicates that they were derived from a different source than that of the earlier arc lavas. These late alkaline lavas are chemically similar to crosscutting mid-Cretaceous plutons whose isotopic compositions (Arth et al., this issue (</span><i>a</i><span>)) suggest derivation by partial melting of distinctly older subcontinental lithosphere. We speculate that the parental magmas of unit 4 lavas may also have been derived by partial melting of this subcontinental mantle which was underthrust beneath the Koyukuk arc terrane during the final stage of arc-continent collision.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB094iB11p15843","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Box, S.E., and Patton, W.W., 1989, Igneous history of the Koyukuk terrane, western Alaska: Constraints on the origin, evolution, and ultimate collision of an accreted island arc terrane: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 94, no. B11, p. 15843-15867, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB094iB11p15843.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"15843","endPage":"15867","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224401,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"B11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3865e4b0c8380cd6155b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Box, S. E.","contributorId":38567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Box","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Patton, W. W. Jr.","contributorId":11231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patton","given":"W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70014937,"text":"70014937 - 1989 - Geologic implications of topographic, gravity, and aeromagnetic data in the northern Yukon-Koyukuk province and its borderlands, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-30T16:17:26.663549","indexId":"70014937","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic implications of topographic, gravity, and aeromagnetic data in the northern Yukon-Koyukuk province and its borderlands, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>The northern Yukon-Koyukuk province is characterized by low elevation and high Bouguer gravity and aeromagnetic anomalies in contrast to the adjacent Brooks Range and Ruby geanticline. Using newly compiled digital topographic, gravity, and aeromagnetic maps, I have divided the province into three geophysical domains. The Koyukuk domain, which is nearly equivalent to the Koyukuk lithotectonic terrane, is a horseshoe-shaped area, open to the south, of low topography, high gravity, and high-amplitude magnetic anomalies caused by an intraoceanic magmatic arc. The Angayucham and Kanuti domains are geophysical subdivisions of the Angayucham lithotectonic terrane that occur along the northern and southeastern margins of the Yukon-Koyukuk province, where oceanic rocks have been thrust over continental rocks of the Brooks Range and Ruby geanticline. Basalt of the Angayucham domain causes strong gravity highs and weak magnetic highs. The Kanuti domain is distinguished from the Angayucham domain by intense magnetic highs caused by cumulus mafic and ultramafic plutonic rocks, abundant ultramafic mantle tectonites, and magnetic syenite and monzonite. Long-wavelength, low-intensity magnetic highs and undulating gravity anomalies indicate an undulating basement surface of varied lithology beneath the Kobuk-Koyukuk and Lower Yukon basins. Modeling of gravity and magnetic anomalies shows that oceanic rocks of the Angayucham and Kanuti domains dip inward beneath the Kobuk-Koyukuk basin. The modeling supports, but does not prove, the hypothesis that the crust of the Kobuk-Koyukuk basin is 32–35 km thick, consisting of a tectonically thickened section of Cretaceous volcanic and sedimentary rocks and older oceanic crust. Plutons of the Brooks Range and the southern Ruby geanticline are nonmagnetic, ilmenite series, S-type granites that cause magnetic lows. Plutons of the northern Ruby geanticline are variable in their magnetic properties and cause both highs and lows. Plutons of both the eastern and western Yukon-Koyukuk province are variable in their magnetic expression but commonly cause magnetic lows in contrast to andesite.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB094iB11p15821","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Cady, J.W., 1989, Geologic implications of topographic, gravity, and aeromagnetic data in the northern Yukon-Koyukuk province and its borderlands, Alaska: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 94, no. B11, p. 15821-15841, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB094iB11p15821.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"15821","endPage":"15841","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224226,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"B11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1981e4b0c8380cd559fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cady, J. W.","contributorId":81892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cady","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70015388,"text":"70015388 - 1989 - Glacimarine sedimentary processes, facies and morphology of the south-southeast Alaska shelf and fjords","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-09T11:25:49.632049","indexId":"70015388","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Glacimarine sedimentary processes, facies and morphology of the south-southeast Alaska shelf and fjords","docAbstract":"<div id=\"preview-section-abstract\"><div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id3\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id4\"><div class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">High precipitation from Gulf of Alaska air masses can locally reach up to 800 cm a<sup>−1</sup>. This precipitation on tectonically active mountains creates cool-temperate glaciation with extremely active erosion and continuously renewed resources. High basal debris loads up to 1.5 m thick of pure debris and rapid glacial flow, which can be more than 3000 m a<sup>−1</sup>, combine to produce large volumes of siliciclastic glacimarine sediment at some of the highest sediment accumulation rates on record. At tidewater fronts of valley glaciers, sediment accumulation rates can be over 13 m a<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>and deltas commonly grow at about 10<sup>6</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>m<sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>a<sup>−1</sup>.</div><div class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\"><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></div><div class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">Major processes influencing glacimarine sedimentation are glacial transport and glacier-contact deposition, meltwater (subaerial and submarine) and runoff transport and deposition, iceberg rafting and gouging, sea-ice transport, wave action and storm reworking, tidal transport and deposition, alongshelf transport, sliding and slumping and gravity flows, eolian transport, and biogenic production and reworking. Processes are similar in both shelf and fjord settings; however, different intensities of some processes create different facies associations and geometries. The tectonoclimatic regime also controls morphology because bedrock structure is modified by glacial action.</div><div class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">Major glacimarine depositional systems are all siliciclastic. They are subglacial, marginal-morainal bank and submarine outwash, and proglacial/paraglacial-fluvial/deltaic, beach, tidal flat/estuary, glacial fjord, marine outwash fjord and continental shelf.</div><div class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\"><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></div><div class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">Future research should include study of long cores with extensive dating and more seismic surveys to evaluate areal and temporal extent of glacial facies and glaciation; time-series oceanographic data, sidescan sonar surveys and submersible dives to evaluate modern processes; biogenic diversity and production to evaluate paleoecological, paleobiogeographic and biofacies analysis; and detailed comparisons of exposed older rock of the Yakataga Formation to evaluate how glacial style has evolved over 6.3 Ma.</div></div></div></div></div><div id=\"preview-section-introduction\"><br></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(89)90160-6","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Powell, R., and Molnia, B.F., 1989, Glacimarine sedimentary processes, facies and morphology of the south-southeast Alaska shelf and fjords: Marine Geology, v. 85, no. 2-4, p. 359-390, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(89)90160-6.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"359","endPage":"390","numberOfPages":"32","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223984,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"85","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2925e4b0c8380cd5a6ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Powell, R.D.","contributorId":74015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Molnia, B. F.","contributorId":29386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Molnia","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70015429,"text":"70015429 - 1989 - The Kanuti ophiolite, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-30T15:50:52.547518","indexId":"70015429","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Kanuti ophiolite, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Kanuti ophiolite is a mafic-ultramafic thrust sheet of probable Jurassic age, formerly considered to be the upper part of the Yukon-Koyukuk ophiolite belt (Angayucham terrane). It is here called the Kanuti ophiolite after the Kanuti River region on the southeastern flank of the Yukon-Koyukuk Basin. The thrust sheet crops out discontinuously for a distance of more than 900 km along the northern and southeastern margins of the basin. It is probably correlative with similar ophiolite thrust sheets to the north in the western Brooks Range and to the south in the Ruby geanticline. Technically, the ophiolite is considered to be the Kanuti thrust panel of the Angayucham-Totzitna terrane. The Kanuti consistently overlies another extensive thrust sheet, consisting mostly of pillow basalt and radiolarian chert of Devonian to Jurassic age (Narvak thrust panel). This sheet is thrust over a third sheet consisting of probable Devonian phyllite and metagraywacke, which is in turn thrust over older metamorphic rocks (Slate Creek thrust panel). The Kanuti ophiolite is a partial ophiolite that consists of a lower residual mantle suite and an upper magmatic suite, but dikes, extrusives, and sediments are absent. The residual mantle suite is composed of harzburgite and dunite with refractory mineral compositions. The harzburgite is attributed to partial melting and extraction of basaltic magma; residual dunite is attributed to partial melting or to reaction of orthopyroxene out of harzburgite in contact with ascending melt diapirs. The magmatic suite consists of layered ultramafic and gabbroic rocks, containing minerals having limited iron enrichment. The absence of large volumes of magmatic rocks intermediate in composition between cumulus ultramafics and evolved gabbros favors periodic introduction of magma, rather than closed system fractional crystallization. The ultramafic rocks of both the residual mantle and magmatic suites are tectonites, which have undergone high-temperature deformation involving isoclinal folding on all scales and related syntectonic recrystallization. The olivine fabric is consistent with the glide system {0kl} [100], which has been produced experimentally at 800°–1190°C at 20 kbar. Olivine&nbsp;</span><i>Z</i><span>&nbsp;axes and subparallel isoclinal fold axes have consistent, northeast trends throughout the Kanuti region (&gt;100 km NE-SW) and may be close to the original upper mantle flow direction, despite later low-angle thrust faulting. The order of crystallization in the cumulus ultramafic rocks of the magmatic suite is olivine, clinopyroxene, plagioclase, and orthopyroxene. The high Mg numbers of clinopyroxene (0.85–0.93) coexisting with olivine suggest that the cumulus ultramafic rocks crystallized at relatively high pressures (&gt;10 kbar). The effects of parental magma composition cannot be evaluated, but the small difference in Mg numbers of coexisting olivine and clinopyroxene in the cumulus ultramafic rocks and in residual harzburgite suggests that regardless of absolute pressures, the pressure difference between the melting that produced the basalt magma and the initial fractional crystallization of the magma is small. Because of the limited range in rock types in the ophiolite, the tectonic environment cannot be interpreted unambiguously. However, the structural and petrological data are best reconciled with an origin in a volcanic arc tectonic setting.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB094iB11p15869","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Loney, R.A., and Himmelberg, G.R., 1989, The Kanuti ophiolite, Alaska: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 94, no. B11, p. 15869-15900, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB094iB11p15869.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"15869","endPage":"15900","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223820,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"B11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba797e4b08c986b32167f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loney, R. A.","contributorId":90757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loney","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Himmelberg, G. R.","contributorId":27106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Himmelberg","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70015620,"text":"70015620 - 1989 - Changes in floral diversities, floral turnover rates, and climates in Campanian and Maastrichtian time, North Slope of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-22T16:54:48.701464","indexId":"70015620","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1344,"text":"Cretaceous Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changes in floral diversities, floral turnover rates, and climates in Campanian and Maastrichtian time, North Slope of Alaska","docAbstract":"One-hundred-and-ten angiosperm pollen taxa have been found in upper Campanian to Masstrichtian rocks of the Colville River region, North Slope of Alaska. These are the highest paleolatitude Campanian and Maastrichtian floras known from North America. Total angiosperm pollen diversity rose during the Campanian and declined toward the end of the Maastrichtian. However, anemophilous porate pollen of the Betulaceae-Myricaceae-Ulmaceae complex increased gradually in diversity during the late Campanian and Maastrichtian and into the Paleocene. Turnover of angiosperm taxa was active throughout most of late Campanian and Maastrichtian time; rapid turnover affected mainly the taxa of zoophilous herbs, representing an bundant but ecologically subordinate element of the vegetation. Last appearances of pollen taxa during the late Campanian and Maastrichtian probably represented mainly extinctions rather than emigrations; end- Cretaceous angiosperm extinctions in the North American Arctic began well before the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary event. The last appearances in the late Maastrichtian took place in bursts; they appear to represent stepwise rather than gradual events, which may indicate the existence of pulses of climatic change particularly in late Maastrichtian time. ?? 1989.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0195-6671(89)90021-9","usgsCitation":"Frederiksen, N.O., 1989, Changes in floral diversities, floral turnover rates, and climates in Campanian and Maastrichtian time, North Slope of Alaska: Cretaceous Research, v. 10, no. 3, p. 249-266, https://doi.org/10.1016/0195-6671(89)90021-9.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"249","endPage":"266","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223674,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"North Slope","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -153.89949838826965,\n              70.95357974329261\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.89949838826965,\n              69.44455166606323\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.61658258469689,\n              69.44455166606323\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.61658258469689,\n              70.95357974329261\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.89949838826965,\n              70.95357974329261\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f414e4b0c8380cd4bb17","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frederiksen, N. O.","contributorId":78356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frederiksen","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1012824,"text":"1012824 - 1989 - Twenty-four hour behavior patterns and budgets of free-ranging reindeer in winter","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-20T16:01:07","indexId":"1012824","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3231,"text":"Rangifer","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Twenty-four hour behavior patterns and budgets of free-ranging reindeer in winter","docAbstract":"To obtain movement data on wild fulvous tree ducks (Dendrocygna bicolor) 165 immature pen-reared fulvous tree ducks were color-marked and released in three southeast Texas counties in July October 1969/70.  Nine (5 percent) of the marked birds were recovered from 3 days to 9 months after release, and an additional 15 birds provided sight records. Many released birds apparently became integrated into the wild population; all of those observed were with wild flocks.  Six birds were recovered over 50 miles from the release sites.  Four released in late July to mid-September had moved eastward and two went southward in September or later.  Five were still in the Texas-Louisiana rice belt (three in late November).  The sixth bird was recovered in October in Veracruz, which supports the assumption that U.S. Gulf Coast nesting populations winter in southern Mexico.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Rangifer","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.7557/2.9.1.766","usgsCitation":"Collins, W.B., and Smith, T.S., 1989, Twenty-four hour behavior patterns and budgets of free-ranging reindeer in winter: Rangifer, v. 9, no. 1, p. 2-8, https://doi.org/10.7557/2.9.1.766.","productDescription":"pp. 2-8","startPage":"2","endPage":"8","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":106,"text":"Alaska Biological Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486820,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7557/2.9.1.766","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":130021,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269807,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.9.1.766"}],"volume":"9","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1989-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db697353","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, W. B.","contributorId":59751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, T. S.","contributorId":47326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70182760,"text":"70182760 - 1989 - Cytopathology and coagulopathy associated with viral erythrocytic necrosis in chum salmon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-28T11:01:39","indexId":"70182760","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2177,"text":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cytopathology and coagulopathy associated with viral erythrocytic necrosis in chum salmon","docAbstract":"<p><span>The 8-month cytopathologic progression of viral erythrocytic necrosis (VEN) disease in chum salmon </span><i>Oncorhynchus keta</i><span> is described. Single to multiple acidophilic, cytoplasmic viral inclusion bodies developed first in mature erythrocytes and then, within 1–2 months, all morphologically identifiable hemopoietic cell types contained VEN inclusions. Cytologic analysis indicated that multinucleate giant erythroblasts, ineffective erythropoiesis, and abnormal erythroid cell maturation occurred. A significant increase in blood coagulation time occurred concomitantly. This severe and chronic blood dyscrasia accounts for some of the pathophysiologic sequelae previously observed.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/1548-8667(1989)001<0255:CACAWV>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"MacMillian, J.R., Mulcahy, D., and Landolt, M., 1989, Cytopathology and coagulopathy associated with viral erythrocytic necrosis in chum salmon: Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, v. 1, no. 4, p. 255-262, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8667(1989)001<0255:CACAWV>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"255","endPage":"262","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336321,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b69a49e4b01ccd54ff3ffc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"MacMillian, John R.","contributorId":152373,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"MacMillian","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mulcahy, D.","contributorId":82642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulcahy","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landolt, M.L.","contributorId":73148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landolt","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70015045,"text":"70015045 - 1989 - Tectonic setting of the Yukon-Koyukuk basin and its borderlands, western Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-30T16:15:45.549679","indexId":"70015045","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tectonic setting of the Yukon-Koyukuk basin and its borderlands, western Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Yukon-Koyukuk basin of western Alaska is composed of an arcuate belt of Jurassic and Early Cretaceous subduction-related volcanic and plutonic rocks (Koyukuk terrane) flanked by deep subbasins filled with mid-Cretaceous terrigenous sedimentary rocks. The basin is bordered on three sides by metamorphosed Proterozoic and Paleozoic continental rocks (Seward, Arctic Alaska, and Ruby terranes) and is separated from the metamorphic borderlands by a narrow, highly tectonized belt of oceanic crust and mantle rocks (composite Angayucham-Tozitna terrane). The oceanic and mantle rocks, which dip inward beneath the basin and are thrust outward onto the borderlands, are divided into three separate thrust panels: (1) a structurally lowest panel (Slate Creek) composed of phyllite and metagraywacke of probable Devonian age, (2) a middle panel (Narvak) composed of imbricated basalt, chert, and gabbro of Devonian to Early Jurassic age, and (3) a structurally highest panel (Kanuti) composed of gabbro and peridotite of probable Middle and Late Jurassic age. The three thrust panels appear to represent a reversely stacked sequence that progresses from continental slope deposits in the lower panel to cumulus and mantle peridotites in the upper. Metamorphic mineral K-Ar ages from garnet amphibolite on the sole of the upper panel suggest that the upper panel was emplaced on the middle panel in the Middle to Late Jurassic. Subsequent accretion of all three panels to the continental rocks of the borderlands occurred in the latest Jurassic and Early Cretaceous, synchronous with arc volcanism within the basin. Arc volcanism waned and the accretionary phase ended in the middle of Early Cretaceous time. Uplift and erosion of the metamorphic borderlands and the obducted oceanic rocks began in late Early Cretaceous and was accompanied by the rapid filling of two flanking subbasins with turbiditic sediments. In the latest Early Cretaceous and early Late Cretaceous, shallow marine and nonmarine conglomerates were deposited around the margins of the basin, and a prograding delta was built out from the southeast margin of the basin across the turbiditic subbasins and the remnant volcanic arc. In the Late Cretaceous, western Alaska was subjected to strong east-west compression which severely deformed both the Yukon-Koyukuk basin and the borderlands. Several widespread magmatic episodes in the mid- and Late Cretaceous and in early Tertiary transgress the basin boundaries and stitch together the accreted arc and oceanic terranes and the continental borderlands.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB094iB11p15807","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Patton, W.W., and Box, S.E., 1989, Tectonic setting of the Yukon-Koyukuk basin and its borderlands, western Alaska: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 94, no. B11, p. 15807-15820, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB094iB11p15807.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"15807","endPage":"15820","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223962,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"B11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba47ce4b08c986b320389","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Patton, W. W. Jr.","contributorId":11231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patton","given":"W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Box, S. E.","contributorId":38567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Box","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70187621,"text":"70187621 - 1989 - Populations, productivity, and feeding habits of seabirds at Cape Thompson, Alaska: Final report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-11T09:56:55","indexId":"70187621","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"Populations, productivity, and feeding habits of seabirds at Cape Thompson, Alaska: Final report","docAbstract":"<p>Investigations of seabird population sizes and breeding biology were conducted at Cape Thompson from 1959 to 1961 during pre-development studies associated with the Atomic through 1982, the Alaskan Program (OCSEAP) supported determine whether changes Energy Commission’s “Project Chariot.” From 1976 Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Assessment efforts to recensus seabirds at Cape Thompson and had occurred since the 1959-61 period. Prior to the present study, it had been 6 years since the last efforts to census seabird colonies in this area.</p><p>We established a field camp at the and occupied it continuously until 31 were selected for cliff nesting species comprising the Cape Thompson complex, mouth of Ikijaktusak Creek on 2 July August 1988. Permanent study plots in four of the five discrete colonies and regular observations were made throughout the study to document attendance patterns, breeding phenology, and success of murres and kittiwakes. Periodic collections of adults offshore were used to determine the food habits of study species. Shore-based work was supplemented with offshore studies of seabird foraging from the USFWS vessel Eagle-Tiglax, 24-31 August (Fig. 2).</p><p>Correlation analysis revealed negative trends in murre attendance at all Cape Thompson colonies between 1960 and 1982 or 1988, significantly so for 3 of the 5 colonies. Based on apparent changes in species composition within the colonies, Common Murres declined at a more rapid rate than Thick-billed Murres between 1960 and 1988. Combining information from all colonies, it appears that murre populations have been relatively stable since about 1979. In contrast to murres, the kittiwake population showed no significant trends between 1960 and 1982 or between 1960 and 1988. All fluctuations in kittiwake numbers documented between years were within the variability expected within years. Breeding productivity of murres was about average during 1988 (0.47 young/pair), whereas the productivity of kittiwakes was very poor (0.15 young/pair).</p><p>Murres and kittiwakes fed mostly on arctic cod and sand lance distributed widely but in low concentrations (e.g., 0.1-10 g/m<sup>3</sup>) UP to 1.20 km north and northwest of Cape Thompson. In the total area surveyed (225 km<sup>2</sup>), only two major feeding aggregations were observed where fish school densities exceeded 15 g/ins. Forage fish densities were higher in shallow Alaska Coastal Current waters than offshore in Bering Sea waters, and piscivorous seabirds like murres and kittiwakes fed mostly in coastal waters. Reduced numbers of fish in murre and kittiwake stomachs in August and low breeding success of kittiwakes suggested that forage fish densities observed around Cape Thompson in late August were sufficient to sustain murres but were insufficient for, or inaccessible to, kittiwakes.</p><p>The breeding failure of Black-legged Kittiwakes at Cape Thompson in 1988 was part throughout causes of kittiwakes of a pervasive syndrome of failure in this species observed the Bering/Chukchi seas and Gulf of Alaska in recent years. The recurrent widespread breeding failure need to be identified if are to have a role in area-wide population monitoring during the period of Alaskan OCS development by the oil and gas industry.</p><p>The system of land-based plots established in 1988 is recommended for future population monitoring of cliff-nesting birds at Cape Thompson. Based on the coefficients of variation among counts observed in this study, it is estimated that 10 replicate counts per year would detect an 8% change in numbers of Thick-billed Murres between years and a 12% change in Common Murres, with 75% certainty of statistical significance at the 0.05 level. Similarly, a 9% annual change in the population of Black-legged Kittiwakes should be detectable at the 0.05 significance level given samples of 10 replicate counts of the land-based plots.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Fish and Wildlife Research Center","publisherLocation":"Anchorage, AK","usgsCitation":"Fadely, B.S., Piatt, J.F., Hatch, S.A., and Roseneau, D.G., 1989, Populations, productivity, and feeding habits of seabirds at Cape Thompson, Alaska: Final report, xxi, 429 p.","productDescription":"xxi, 429 p.","numberOfPages":"449","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341098,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":341097,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.boem.gov/ESPIS/0/923.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Cape Thompson","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -166.1894989013672,\n              68.02299414412997\n            ],\n            [\n              -165.4863739013672,\n              68.02299414412997\n            ],\n            [\n              -165.4863739013672,\n              68.24929413342046\n            ],\n            [\n              -166.1894989013672,\n              68.24929413342046\n            ],\n            [\n              -166.1894989013672,\n              68.02299414412997\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591577f9e4b01a342e691459","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fadely, Brian S.","contributorId":184042,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fadely","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hatch, Scott A. 0000-0002-0064-8187 shatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-8187","contributorId":2625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","email":"shatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roseneau, David G.","contributorId":73394,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roseneau","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":694794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70015232,"text":"70015232 - 1989 - Petrology and age of volcanic-arc rocks from the continental margin of the Bering Sea: Implications for Early Eocene relocation of plate boundaries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-21T18:09:19.771625","indexId":"70015232","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1168,"text":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Petrology and age of volcanic-arc rocks from the continental margin of the Bering Sea: Implications for Early Eocene relocation of plate boundaries","docAbstract":"<p><span>Eocene volcanic flow and dike rocks from the Beringian margin have arc characteristics, implying a convergent history for this region during the early Tertiary. The extrusive rocks are basalt, basaltic andesite, andesite, and minor dacite and rhyolite. The intrusive sample is from a quartz diorite dike intruding serpentinized peridotite. Major-element oxide contents, particularly FeO*/MgO versus SiO</span><sub>2</sub><span>, identify both tholeiitic and calc-alkalic basalt; more silicic lavas have calc-alkalic affinities. Consistent with volcanic-arc compositions, spidergrams show pronounced Nb–Ta depletion and alkali enrichment relative to light-rare-earth-element (</span><span data-style=\"small-caps\">LREE</span><span>) abundance. Chondrite-normalized&nbsp;</span><span data-style=\"small-caps\">REE</span><span>&nbsp;plots show relatively flat patterns, with only slight&nbsp;</span><span data-style=\"small-caps\">LREE</span><span>&nbsp;enrichment for tholeiitic compositions and greater&nbsp;</span><span data-style=\"small-caps\">LREE</span><span>&nbsp;enrichment and lower heavy-rare-earth-element (</span><span data-style=\"small-caps\">HREE</span><span>) abundance for calc-alkalic compositions. The samples, particularly those with calc-alkalic compositions, are rich in plagioclase that is strongly zoned; the more silicic samples contain orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, and primary amphibole. The quartz diorite dike contains iron-rich almandine phenocrysts that appear to be magmatic, suggesting emplacement at great depth near the base of the crust or upper mantle.Chemical and mineralogical compositions are similar to those of modern Aleutian-arc lavas. They also resemble volcanic-arc compositions from western mainland Alaska, although greater chemical diversity and a stronger continental influence are observed in the Alaskan mainland rocks.Early Eocene ages of 54.4–50.2 Ma for the Beringian samples are well constrained by conventional K–Ar ages of nine plagioclase separates and by concordant&nbsp;</span><sup>40</sup><span>Ar/</span><sup>39</sup><span>Ar incremental heating and total-fusion experiments. A concordant U–Pb zircon age of 53 Ma for the quartz-diorite dike is in good agreement with the K–Ar data.Plate motion studies of the North Pacific Ocean indicate more northerly directed subduction prior to the Tertiary and a continuous belt of arc-type volcanism extending from Siberia, along the Beringian margin, into mainland Alaska. Around 56 Ma (chron 25–24), subduction changed to a more westerly direction and subduction-related volcanism ceased for most of mainland Alaska. The increasingly oblique angle of convergence should have ended subduction along the Beringian margin as well. However, consistent ages of 54–50 Ma indicate a final pulse in arc-type magmatism during this period of plate adjustment, which may be explained by three different models: (1) The northern and central part of the Beringian margin maintained a higher angle of convergence, allowing a final pulse of arc-type magmatism. (2) The rocks erupted in an early, or proto, Aleutian arc and were rafted against the continental margin along transform faults. (3) The rocks erupted along a leaky transform fault, analogous to calc-alkalic volcanism in the southern California borderland.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/e89-125","issn":"00084077","usgsCitation":"Davis, A.S., Pickthorn, L., Vallier, T., and Marlow, M.S., 1989, Petrology and age of volcanic-arc rocks from the continental margin of the Bering Sea: Implications for Early Eocene relocation of plate boundaries: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 26, no. 7, p. 1474-1490, https://doi.org/10.1139/e89-125.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1474","endPage":"1490","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224142,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Russia, United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Bering Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -197.4659960695814,\n              50.52803134071158\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.82047128460496,\n              50.52803134071158\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.82047128460496,\n              66.48242987205629\n            ],\n            [\n              -197.4659960695814,\n              66.48242987205629\n            ],\n            [\n              -197.4659960695814,\n              50.52803134071158\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7818e4b0c8380cd7862a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, A. S.","contributorId":41424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pickthorn, L.-B.G.","contributorId":83276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pickthorn","given":"L.-B.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vallier, T.L.","contributorId":69526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vallier","given":"T.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marlow, M. S.","contributorId":76743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marlow","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70015339,"text":"70015339 - 1989 - Geochemistry of placer gold, Koyukuk-Chandalar mining district, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-17T23:46:27.46273","indexId":"70015339","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry of placer gold, Koyukuk-Chandalar mining district, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>The Koyukuk-Chandalar mining district of the Brooks Range mineral belt in north-central Alaska contains numerous placer gold deposits but few known lode gold sources. Gold grains, collected from 46 placer localities and 6 lode gold sites in the district, were analyzed for Ag and 37 trace elements utilizing direct current-arc optical emission spectroscopy. When possible, several measurements were made on each sample and averaged. Gold content was calculated by the summation of the 38 elements determined and subtracting from 100. The objectives of our study were to characterize the deposits by defining the type and number of distinct geochemical characteristics for the Au, to determine relationships of Au in placer deposits to possible lode sources (placer and lode), to identify possible primary sources of placer gold, and to study processes of placer formation. Interpretation of results emphasize that the Au grains are almost invariably ternary (Au-Ag-Cu) alloys. The average Cu content is 0.040% and the average Ag content and fineness [(Au/Au+Ag)×1,000] are 10.5% and 893 parts per thousand, respectively, for the 46 placer localities.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0375-6742(89)90001-0","issn":"03756742","usgsCitation":"Mosier, E.L., Cathrall, J.B., Antweiler, J., and Tripp, R.B., 1989, Geochemistry of placer gold, Koyukuk-Chandalar mining district, Alaska: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 31, no. 2, p. 97-115, https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(89)90001-0.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"97","endPage":"115","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224032,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a170be4b0c8380cd5536c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mosier, E. L.","contributorId":71537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mosier","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cathrall, J. B.","contributorId":29400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cathrall","given":"J.","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Antweiler, J.C.","contributorId":35722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Antweiler","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tripp, R. B.","contributorId":88707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tripp","given":"R.","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70015391,"text":"70015391 - 1989 - Subsurface temperatures and geothermal gradients on the North Slope, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:55","indexId":"70015391","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3412,"text":"Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME, (Paper) SPE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Subsurface temperatures and geothermal gradients on the North Slope, Alaska","docAbstract":"Geothermal gradients as interpreted from a series of high-resolution stabilized well-bore-temperature surveys from 46 North Slope, Alaska, wells vary laterally and vertically throughout the near-surface sediment (0-2,000 m). The data from these surveys have been used in conjunction with depths of ice-bearing permafrost, as interpreted from 102 well logs, to project geothermal gradients within and below the ice-bearing permafrost sequence. The geothermal gradients calculated from the projected temperature profiles are similar to the geothermal gradients measured in the temperature surveys. Measured and projected geothermal gradients in the ice-bearing permafrost sequence range from 1.5??C/100m in the Prudhoe Bay area to 5.1??C/100m in the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska (NPRA).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME, (Paper) SPE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Collett, T.S., Bird, K.J., and Magoon, L.B., 1989, Subsurface temperatures and geothermal gradients on the North Slope, Alaska: Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME, (Paper) SPE.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224035,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9d90e4b08c986b31d903","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":370832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bird, Kenneth J. kbird@usgs.gov","contributorId":1015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bird","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbird@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":370831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Magoon, Leslie B. lmagoon@usgs.gov","contributorId":2383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magoon","given":"Leslie","email":"lmagoon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":370833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70015439,"text":"70015439 - 1989 - The nature of the crust in the Yukon-Koyukuk province as inferred from the chemical and isotopic composition of five Late Cretaceous to Early Tertiary volcanic fields in western Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-29T21:50:49.050742","indexId":"70015439","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The nature of the crust in the Yukon-Koyukuk province as inferred from the chemical and isotopic composition of five Late Cretaceous to Early Tertiary volcanic fields in western Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>Late Cretaceous and early Tertiary volcanic and plutonic rocks in western Alaska comprise a vast magmatic province extending from the Alaska Range north to the Arctic Circle, south to Bristol Bay, and west to the Bering Sea Shelf. The chemical and isotopic composition of five of these Late Cretaceous to early Tertiary volcanic fields in the north central part of this province were studied to determine if Paleozoic or older continental crust underlies the Yukon-Koyukuk province. Three of the fields, the Blackburn Hills, Yukon River, and Kanuti, occur within the Yukon-Koyukuk province and two, the Sischu and Nowitna, overlie bordering Precambrian and Paleozoic metamorphic terranes to the southeast. High initial&nbsp;</span><sup>87</sup><span>Sr/</span><sup>86</sup><span>Sr of 0.7075–0.7079 and moderate initial&nbsp;</span><sup>143</sup><span>Nd/</span><sup>144</sup><span>Nd of 0.51244–0.51247 of rhyolite, dacite, and high-silica andesite of the Sischu volcanic field indicate that the magmas have interacted with the underlying Paleozoic or older continental crust. The relatively limited variation of isotopic (initial&nbsp;</span><sup>87</sup><span>Sr/</span><sup>86</sup><span>Sr = 0.7044–0.7051; initial&nbsp;</span><sup>143</sup><span>Nd/</span><sup>144</sup><span>Nd = 0.51256–0.51257) and elemental compositions of andesites from the Nowitna field can be accounted for by assimilation of small amounts of Paleozoic or older continental crust during crystal fractionation of andesite parent magmas at crustal levels. The Blackburn Hills field, which consists of medium-K basalt, andesite, and rhyolite intruded by a small granitic pluton, has a large range in initial&nbsp;</span><sup>87</sup><span>Sr/</span><sup>86</sup><span>Sr and initial&nbsp;</span><sup>143</sup><span>Nd/</span><sup>144</sup><span>Nd that plot in the field for 60 Ma mantle, from near mid-ocean ridge basalts to near “bulk-earth” compositions (initial&nbsp;</span><sup>87</sup><span>Sr/</span><sup>86</sup><span>Sr = 0.7033–0.7052; initial&nbsp;</span><sup>143</sup><span>Nd/</span><sup>144</sup><span>Nd = 0.51253–0.51290). Andesites and basalts from the Blackburn Hills are divided into two group on the basis of rare earth element (REE) and isotopic composition. Isotopic variation in the more primitive group 1 is best explained by assimilation of the lower crust of the Jurassic to Early Cretaceous Koyukuk terrane by mantle-derived basalts during crystal fractionation, though part of the isotopic variation may be due to metasomatism of an oceanic island basalt type mantle source by fluids derived from subducted sediments. Group 2 andesites from the Blackburn Hills have lower heavy REE abundances and more enriched isotopic compositions. These group 2 andesites and dacites from the Kanuti field, which have (</span><sup>87</sup><span>Sr/</span><sup>86</sup><span>Sr)</span><i>i</i><span>&nbsp;= 0.7043–0.7048 and (</span><sup>143</sup><span>Nd/</span><sup>144</sup><span>Nd)</span><i>i</i><span>&nbsp;= 0.51248–0.51267, appear to have formed by partial melting of the lower crust of the Koyukuk terrane. The Yukon River field consists of basalt, andesite, dacite, and rhyolite having (</span><sup>87</sup><span>Sr/</span><sup>86</sup><span>Sr)</span><i>i</i><span>&nbsp;= 0.7037–0.7051 and (</span><sup>143</sup><span>Nd/</span><sup>144</sup><span>Nd)</span><i>i</i><span>&nbsp;= 0.51266–0.51280; its isotopic composition does not require the presence of Paleozoic or older continental crust under the volcanic field and may have formed by interaction between mantle-derived melts and the oceanic Angayucham/Tozitna or island arc Koyukuk terrane. Most of the intrusive rocks and rhyolite domes from the Blackburn Hills volcanic field have (</span><sup>87</sup><span>Sr/</span><sup>86</sup><span>Sr)</span><i>i</i><span>&nbsp;= 0.7038–0.7041 and dacites from the Kanuti volcanic field have (</span><sup>87</sup><span>Sr/</span><sup>86</sup><span>Sr)</span><i>i</i><span>&nbsp;= 0.7043–0.7048. Thus little or no old continental crust was involved in the genesis of the Late Cretaceous and early Tertiary rocks and therefore probably does not extend beneath this part of the Yukon-Koyukuk province. However, the ultimate source of the small volumes of enriched shoshonitic andesite (</span><sup>87</sup><span>Sr/</span><sup>86</sup><span>Sr = 0.7075,&nbsp;</span><sup>143</sup><span>Nd/</span><sup>144</sup><span>Nd = 0.5125) erupted at 118 Ma in the Yukon-Koyukuk province may be continental lithosphere, which may have been thrust under this part of the Yukon-Koyukuk province during arc-continent collision in the Early Cretaceous.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB094iB11p15989","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Moll-Stalcup, E., and Arth, J.G., 1989, The nature of the crust in the Yukon-Koyukuk province as inferred from the chemical and isotopic composition of five Late Cretaceous to Early Tertiary volcanic fields in western Alaska: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 94, no. B11, p. 15989-16020, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB094iB11p15989.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"15989","endPage":"16020","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223988,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"B11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bae05e4b08c986b323ebd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moll-Stalcup, E.","contributorId":84636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moll-Stalcup","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arth, Joseph G.","contributorId":104546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arth","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70015608,"text":"70015608 - 1989 - A comparison of instrumental dewatering methods for the separation and concentration of suspended sediment for subsequent trace element analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-28T00:19:37.932914","indexId":"70015608","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comparison of instrumental dewatering methods for the separation and concentration of suspended sediment for subsequent trace element analysis","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group \"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>A comparison involving both field and laboratory trials was performed to evaluate the utility of two continuous-flow centrifuges and a tangential-flow filtration system for dewatering suspended sediments for subsequent trace element analysis. Although recovery efficiencies for the various devices differ, the analytical results from the separated suspended sediments indicate that any of the tested units can be used effectively and precisely for dewatering. Further, the three devices appear to concentrate and dewater suspended sediments in such a manner as to be equivalent to that which could be obtained by in-line filtration. Only the tangential-flow filtration system appears capable of providing both a dewatered sediment sample and a potentially usable effluent, which can be analysed for dissolved trace elements.</p><p>The continuous-flow centrifuges can process whole water at an influent feed rate of 41 per minute; however, when suspended sediment concentrations are low (&lt;30mg<sup>−1</sup>), when small volumes of whole water are to be processed (30 to 401), or when suspended sediment mean grain size is very fine (&lt;10 μm), influent feed rates of 21 per minute may be more efficient. Tangential-flow filtration can be used to process samples at the rate of 11 per minute.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.3360030206","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Horowitz, A.J., Elrick, K.A., and Hooper, R., 1989, A comparison of instrumental dewatering methods for the separation and concentration of suspended sediment for subsequent trace element analysis: Hydrological Processes, v. 3, no. 2, p. 163-184, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.3360030206.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"163","endPage":"184","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224324,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e35ce4b0c8380cd45fd1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Horowitz, A. J.","contributorId":102066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horowitz","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elrick, K. A.","contributorId":98731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elrick","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hooper, R.C.","contributorId":53531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooper","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70015760,"text":"70015760 - 1989 - Bedrock geology and tectonic evolution of the Wrangellia, Peninsular, and Chugach terranes along the Trans-Alaska Crustal Transect in the Chugach Mountains and southern Copper River Basin, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-29T21:36:54.40266","indexId":"70015760","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bedrock geology and tectonic evolution of the Wrangellia, Peninsular, and Chugach terranes along the Trans-Alaska Crustal Transect in the Chugach Mountains and southern Copper River Basin, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Trans-Alaskan Crustal Transect in the southern Copper River Basin and Chugach Mountains traverses the margins of the Peninsular and Wrangellia terranes, and the adjacent accretionary oceanic units of the Chugach terrane to the south. The southern Wrangellia terrane margin consists of a polymetamorphosed magmatic arc complex at least in part of Pennsylvanian age (Strelna Metamorphics and metagranodiorite) and tonalitic metaplutonic rocks of the Late Jurassic Chitina magmatic arc. The southern Peninsular terrane margin is underlain by rocks of the Late Triassic (?) and Early Jurassic Talkeetna magmatic arc (Talkeetna Formation and Border Ranges ultra-mafic-mafic assemblage) on Permian or older basement rocks. The Peninsular and Wrangellia terranes are parts of a dominantly oceanic superterrane (composite Terrane II) that was amalgamated by Late Triassic time and was accreted to terranes of continental affinity north of the Denali fault system in the mid- to Late Cretaceous. The Chugach terrane in the transect area consists of three successively accreted units: (1) minor greenschist and intercalated blueschist, the schist of Liberty Creek, of unknown protolith age that was metamorphosed and probably accreted during the Early Jurassic, (2) the McHugh Complex (Late Triassic to mid-Cretaceous protolith age), a melange of mixed oceanic, volcaniclastic, and olistostromal rocks that is metamorphosed to prehnite-pumpellyite and lower greenschist facies that was accreted by middle Cretaceous time, and (3) the Upper Cretaceous Valdez Group, mainly magmatic arc-derived flysch and lesser oceanic volcanic rocks of greenschist facies that was accreted by early Paleocene time. A regional thermal event that culminated in early middle Eocene time (48–52 Ma) resulted in widespread greenschist facies metamorphism and plutonism.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB094iB04p04255","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Plafker, G., Nokleberg, W., and Lull, J.S., 1989, Bedrock geology and tectonic evolution of the Wrangellia, Peninsular, and Chugach terranes along the Trans-Alaska Crustal Transect in the Chugach Mountains and southern Copper River Basin, Alaska: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 94, no. B4, p. 4255-4295, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB094iB04p04255.","productDescription":"41 p.","startPage":"4255","endPage":"4295","numberOfPages":"41","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224223,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"B4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f07ee4b0c8380cd4a76a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plafker, George 0000-0003-3972-0390","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3972-0390","contributorId":36603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plafker","given":"George","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nokleberg, W. J. 0000-0002-1574-8869","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1574-8869","contributorId":68312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nokleberg","given":"W. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lull, J. S.","contributorId":37075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lull","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70186749,"text":"70186749 - 1989 - Seasonal and annual variation in the diet of Atlantic cod (<i>Gadus morhua</i>) in relation to the abundance of capelin (<i>Mallotus villosus</i>) off eastern Newfoundland, Canada ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-10T13:37:29","indexId":"70186749","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1936,"text":"ICES Journal of Marine Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal and annual variation in the diet of Atlantic cod (<i>Gadus morhua</i>) in relation to the abundance of capelin (<i>Mallotus villosus</i>) off eastern Newfoundland, Canada ","docAbstract":"<p><span>The importance of capelin as prey for cod has long been known (Thompson, 1943; and see Lilly (1987) for a review); however, no studies have been conducted on how the highly dynamic seasonal and yearly variations in capelin abundance affect cod diet. We studied the occurrence of capelin in cod stomachs in relation to the relative abundance of capelin at Witless Bay, Newfoundland (47°15’N 52°46’W), during June, July and August, 1982-1984. The mean number of capelin per stomach and the per cent occurrence of stomachs containing capelin were determined for each collection of stomachs. A total of 680 stomachs were examined. Cod were sampled from those caught in gillnets by fishermen and averaged 66 cm ± 8 (s.d.) in 1983 and 62 cm ± 8 (s.d.) in 1984. Relative abundance of capelin in the local habitat was determined by conducting hydroacoustic surveys around Gull Island in Witless Bay, the same area where cod were collected for stomach content analysis. Only hydroacoustic surveys conducted </span><span class=\"aBn\" data-term=\"goog_1933536002\"><span class=\"aQJ\">within three days</span></span><span> of cod stomach collections were analyzed. Further details of hydroacoustic surveys including quantifications of acoustic echograms are described in Piatt (1989).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/icesjms/45.2.223","usgsCitation":"Methven, D.A., and Piatt, J.F., 1989, Seasonal and annual variation in the diet of Atlantic cod (<i>Gadus morhua</i>) in relation to the abundance of capelin (<i>Mallotus villosus</i>) off eastern Newfoundland, Canada : ICES Journal of Marine Science, v. 45, no. 2, p. 223-225, https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/45.2.223.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"223","endPage":"225","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339490,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","state":"Newfoundland","otherGeospatial":"Witless Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -52.86895751953124,\n              47.172911278266604\n            ],\n            [\n              -52.730255126953125,\n              47.172911278266604\n            ],\n            [\n              -52.730255126953125,\n              47.287147659289545\n            ],\n            [\n              -52.86895751953124,\n              47.287147659289545\n            ],\n            [\n              -52.86895751953124,\n              47.172911278266604\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"45","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e8a554e4b09da6799d6424","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Methven, David A.","contributorId":179915,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Methven","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":690448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}